High-friction-resistance copper-based alloy self-lubricating material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-friction-resistance copper-based alloy self-lubricating material and a preparation method thereof. The self-lubricating material comprises, by mass, 55-65 parts of Cu, 30-45 parts of Fe, 4-10 parts of C and the balance inevitable impurities, and the total mass of the self-lubricating material is smaller than 0.1% of the total mass of the self-lubricating material. The preparation method of the material comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the raw material powder of each component, loading and compacting, carrying out a rapid hot pressing sintering reaction, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, and demolding to obtain the material. According to the material, based on the synergistic effect of all the components, the mechanical property and wear resistance of the material are greatly improved, Cu is adopted as a matrix, on one hand, the material can be endowed with good wear resistance and heat conductivity, on the other hand, Cu and Fe can form a copper-iron-based alloy material, and therefore the mechanical strength of the material is improved; as a material lubricating phase, the lubricant can quickly form a film and effectively improve migration, so that the wear resistance of the material is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an alloy self-lubricating material, specifically to a high wear-resistant copper-based alloy self-lubricating material and its preparation method, belonging to the field of wear-resistant alloy preparation technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of modern science and technology, some components need to have lubrication performance under special extreme working conditions, such as high load, low temperature, high temperature, vacuum, strong radiation, chemical environment and electrical environment.

[0003] Under current conditions, lubricating oils and greases are often insufficient to meet comprehensive performance requirements. For example, in applications like gas engines, the teeth of the baffles can scrape the bushing material, necessitating bushings with excellent strength and friction properties. Metal alloys (such as copper alloys) can meet the strength requirements, but they produce metal shavings and cause wear on the baffles. Lubricating materials like graphite and boron nuclei (BN) offer good lubrication, but their strength is insufficient, leading to breakage. Metal-based self-lubricating materials are composite materials prepared by adding lubricating components to a metal matrix. They combine the strength and plasticity of metals with the lubricity of lubricating materials. Their strength and hardness can meet the load-bearing and wear-resistant requirements of the lubricating film, and they can adapt to various atmospheric, chemical, and specific industrial production environments. They can significantly reduce wear, greatly improve equipment performance, and extend equipment life.

[0004] However, most existing self-lubricating composite materials use Cu-based alloys, which improve wear resistance by adding lubricating components and precious metal modifiers. Although this can effectively improve lubrication and friction reduction between materials, the amount of Cu added is mostly above 70%, and the price of modifiers remains high, resulting in a high overall cost of composite materials. This makes it impossible to meet the needs of large-scale applications of composite materials in multiple fields. Therefore, the current market urgently needs a low-cost, high-performance self-lubricating composite material. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the first objective of this invention is to provide a high-wear-resistant copper-based alloy self-lubricating material. This material significantly improves the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the material based on the synergistic effect between its components. Using Cu as the matrix can endow the material with good wear resistance and thermal conductivity, and can also form a copper-iron-based alloy with Fe to improve the mechanical strength of the material. Furthermore, with the addition of C, it can quickly form a film as a lubricating phase during friction, effectively improving migration and thus significantly improving the wear resistance of the material.

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a high-wear-resistant copper-based alloy self-lubricating material. This method significantly shortens the sintering cycle and improves the forming efficiency by applying high temperature and pressure in a short time. At the same time, it inhibits grain growth, ensures the uniformity of the material's microstructure, greatly improves the material's mechanical strength and thermal conductivity, and enhances its fatigue resistance and wear resistance.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention provides a high-wear-resistant copper-based alloy self-lubricating material, comprising the following components in parts by mass: Cu 55-65 parts, Fe 30-45 parts, C 4-10 parts, with the balance being unavoidable impurities, the total amount of which is less than 0.1% of the total mass of the self-lubricating material.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the self-lubricating material further comprises 5 to 15 parts by weight of Ni. More preferably, the self-lubricating material further comprises 10 to 15 parts by weight of Ni; most preferably, the mass fraction of Ni is 15 parts.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the self-lubricating material is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 55-65 parts Cu, 35-45 parts Fe, 6-8 parts C, with the balance being unavoidable impurities.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the self-lubricating material is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 55-60 parts Cu, 35-40 parts Fe, 5-15 parts Ni, 6-8 parts C, with the balance being unavoidable impurities.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the self-lubricating material is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 55 parts Cu, 35 parts Fe, 15 parts Ni, 8 parts C, with the balance being unavoidable impurities, the total amount of which is less than 0.1% of the total mass of the self-lubricating material.

[0012] This invention provides a method for preparing a high-wear-resistant copper-based alloy self-lubricating material. The raw material powders of each component are mixed evenly, then molded and compacted, followed by a rapid hot-pressing sintering reaction. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is cooled to room temperature and then demolded to obtain the final product.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the particle size of the raw material powder is -200 mesh.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the compaction pressure is 15-25 MPa.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the rapid hot-pressing sintering reaction process is a multi-stage high-pressure sintering process, which is as follows: the first stage is to heat to 800-900℃ at a heating rate of 80-120℃ / min and a pressure of 20-25 MPa; the second stage is to heat to 950-1050℃ at a heating rate of 40-60℃ / min and a pressure of 30-35 MPa; the third stage is a pressure holding and heat holding stage, which lasts for 15-25 minutes.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the rapid hot-pressing sintering reaction process is as follows: the temperature is increased to 850°C at a heating rate of 100°C / min, then increased to 980°C at a heating rate of 50°C / min, while the pressure is increased to 30MPa, followed by holding at the temperature and pressure for 20 minutes.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the self-lubricating material has a tensile strength of 80–115 MPa, a flexural strength of 170–225 MPa, a friction coefficient of 0.17–0.27, and a wear rate of 7–24 mg / h.

[0018] Pure copper possesses excellent ductility, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and chemical stability, making it widely used in machinery manufacturing, energy and petrochemical industries, and construction. During application, various metallic elements are often added to improve copper's properties, such as Cu-Ni, Cu-Fe, and Cu-Mg, forming high-strength copper-based alloy systems. The introduction of Fe increases the material's mechanical strength and hardness, enhancing the load-bearing capacity of the copper matrix and resulting in superior performance under high-stress environments. Simultaneously, the alloying phase between iron and copper helps strengthen the matrix's wear resistance, reducing friction-induced wear and extending the material's service life. The relatively low cost of Fe also ensures the material's economic viability, achieving a good balance between high performance and cost-effectiveness. Graphite has strong adhesion to most metals. When grinding against other metals, the ground graphite particles easily adhere to the surface of the metal sample, forming a graphite lubricating film on the friction surface as friction and wear progress. This transforms the friction process between graphite and metal into friction between graphite particles themselves. In copper-based graphite self-lubricating composites, the solid graphite lubricant migrates rapidly during friction, enabling quick film formation. However, the wettability between Cu and graphite is poor, hindering sintering with the addition of the lubricant. To improve the poor interfacial bonding, Ni (Ni carbide) can be doped. Ni exhibits better wettability with graphite than Cu and graphite at high temperatures; graphite can partially dissolve in the Ni lattice, and Cu and Ni are infinitely miscible. Therefore, the addition of Ni can improve the interfacial bonding between graphite and copper, further enhancing the mechanical properties of the composite material.

[0019] Existing technologies for preparing metal-based self-lubricating composites typically employ methods such as melting and casting, mechanical alloying, and powder metallurgy. In melting and casting, the significant density difference between the two phases makes it difficult to achieve a uniform microstructure. Mechanical alloying, under high-energy ball milling conditions, utilizes repeated deformation, fracture, and welding of metal powder mixtures, leading to interatomic diffusion or solid-state reactions, to synthesize alloys that are difficult to synthesize using conventional methods. However, copper alloys and graphite lubricants often fail to achieve optimal results, resulting in a high coefficient of friction. Among powder metallurgy methods, Fast Hot Pressing (FHP) technology offers significant advantages in copper-iron-based graphite composites. The high diffusion rate of copper allows for rapid densification under high temperature and pressure, effectively improving the bonding quality between the matrix and graphite. Simultaneously, the FHP process significantly shortens the sintering cycle by applying high temperature and pressure within a short time, improving molding efficiency and suppressing grain growth, ensuring the uniformity of the material's microstructure. Fine, uniform grains enhance the mechanical strength and thermal conductivity of the composite material, improving its fatigue resistance and wear resistance. Therefore, FHP technology exhibits unique advantages in optimizing the microstructure and properties of copper-iron-based graphite composites, and is suitable for the preparation and application of high-performance materials.

[0020] This invention conducts a systematic study on the preparation of high-performance copper-iron-based self-lubricating materials based on FHP technology. It elucidates the effects of powder metallurgy pressing processes and sintering parameters on the material's density, tensile strength, flexural strength, and tribological properties. It reveals the influence mechanism of composition and process on the tribological properties and self-lubricating mechanism of copper-based / graphite sealing materials, improving the overall performance of copper-based / graphite self-lubricating materials and providing a foundation for the design and application of high-performance metal-based self-lubricating materials.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1) The self-lubricating material provided by the present invention has significantly improved the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the material based on the synergistic effect between the components. Using Cu as the matrix can give the material good wear resistance and thermal conductivity on the one hand, and can also form a copper-iron-based alloy with Fe to improve the mechanical strength of the material on the other hand. With the addition of C, during the friction process, as the lubricating phase of the material, it can quickly form a film and effectively improve migration, thereby significantly improving the wear resistance of the material.

[0023] 2) The self-lubricating material provided by the present invention can be further enriched with Ni element. At high temperature, the wettability of Ni with C is greater than that between Cu and C, and Cu and Ni can be infinitely miscible. Therefore, the addition of Ni can effectively improve the interfacial bonding performance between alloys, thereby significantly reducing the self-lubricating performance of the material while ensuring the mechanical strength of the material.

[0024] 3) The preparation method provided by the present invention adopts a rapid hot pressing sintering process. By applying high temperature and pressure in a short time, the sintering cycle is significantly shortened, the molding efficiency is improved, and the grain growth phenomenon is suppressed, ensuring the uniformity of the microstructure of the material. This greatly improves the mechanical strength and thermal conductivity of the material, and enhances its fatigue resistance and wear resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a microstructure diagram of the self-lubricating material provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a microstructure diagram of the self-lubricating material provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 The mechanical properties diagram of the self-lubricating material provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a friction coefficient diagram of the self-lubricating material provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a sample image of the self-lubricating material provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a microstructure diagram of the self-lubricating material provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a microstructure diagram of the self-lubricating material provided in Embodiment 8 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific alloy compositions.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] (1)Alloy composition

[0035] A copper-based self-lubricating material with excellent mechanical and tribological properties is composed of the following mass fractions: Fe: 30 parts, Cu: 64 parts, graphite: 6 parts, and the total content of impurity elements does not exceed 0.1%.

[0036] (2) Powder preparation

[0037] The prepared metal powder and graphite powder were sieved, and -200 mesh powder was selected and mixed evenly; the composition of the alloy met the above composition requirements.

[0038] (3) Sample preparation

[0039] The uniformly mixed powder filler was compacted under a pressure of 20 MPa. Then, rapid hot pressing sintering was performed, with the following steps: heating to 850°C at a rate of 100°C / min, and increasing the pressure to 25 MPa; then heating to 980°C at a rate of 50°C / min, and simultaneously increasing the pressure to 30 MPa, followed by holding at that temperature and pressure for 20 min. After holding at that temperature, the sample was cooled to room temperature and demolded to obtain the final sample.

[0040] (4) Overall performance

[0041] The self-lubricating material in this example, after hot pressing and sintering, has a room temperature tensile strength of 111 MPa, a room temperature flexural strength of 224 MPa, a dry friction coefficient of 0.27, and a wear rate of 12 mg / h.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] (1)Alloy composition

[0044] A copper-based self-lubricating material with excellent mechanical and tribological properties is composed of the following components by mass percentage: Fe: 35 parts, Cu: 59 parts, graphite: 6 parts, and the total content of impurity elements does not exceed 0.1%.

[0045] (2) Powder preparation

[0046] The prepared metal powder and graphite powder were sieved, and -200 mesh powder was selected and mixed evenly; the composition of the alloy met the above composition requirements.

[0047] (3) Sample preparation

[0048] The preparation method in this embodiment is exactly the same as that in Example 1.

[0049] (4) Overall performance

[0050] In this example, the microstructure of the self-lubricating material after hot pressing and sintering is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the room temperature tensile strength is 92.5 MPa, the room temperature flexural strength is 204 MPa, the dry friction coefficient is 0.21, and the wear rate is 12 mg / h.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] (1)Alloy composition

[0053] A copper-based self-lubricating material with excellent mechanical and tribological properties is composed of the following components by mass percentage: Fe: 40 parts, Cu: 54 parts, graphite: 6 parts, and the total content of impurity elements does not exceed 0.1%.

[0054] (2) Powder preparation

[0055] The prepared metal powder and graphite powder were sieved, and -200 mesh powder was selected and mixed evenly; the composition of the alloy met the above composition requirements.

[0056] (3) Sample preparation

[0057] The preparation method in this embodiment is exactly the same as that in Example 1.

[0058] (4) Overall performance

[0059] The self-lubricating material in this example, after hot pressing and sintering, has a room temperature tensile strength of 92 MPa, a room temperature flexural strength of 210 MPa, a dry friction coefficient of 0.42, and a wear rate of 24 mg / h.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] (1)Alloy composition

[0062] A copper-based self-lubricating material with excellent mechanical and frictional properties is composed of the following components by mass percentage: Fe: 35 parts, Cu: 57 parts, graphite: 8 parts, and the total content of impurity elements does not exceed 0.1%.

[0063] (2) Powder preparation

[0064] The prepared metal powder and graphite powder were sieved, and -200 mesh powder was selected and mixed evenly; the composition of the alloy met the above composition requirements.

[0065] (3) Sample preparation

[0066] The preparation method in this embodiment is exactly the same as that in Example 1.

[0067] (4) Overall performance

[0068] In this example, the microstructure of the self-lubricating material after hot pressing and sintering is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the mechanical properties are as follows Figure 3 As shown, the friction coefficient curve is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the sample is as follows Figure 5 As shown. The room temperature tensile strength is 87 MPa, the room temperature flexural strength is 179 MPa, the dry friction coefficient is 0.20, and the wear rate is 9 mg / h.

[0069] Example 5

[0070] (1)Alloy composition

[0071] A copper-based self-lubricating material with excellent mechanical and tribological properties is composed of the following components by mass percentage: Fe: 35 parts, Cu: 55 parts, graphite: 10 parts, and the total content of impurity elements does not exceed 0.1%.

[0072] (2) Powder preparation

[0073] The prepared metal powder and graphite powder were sieved, and -200 mesh powder was selected and mixed evenly; the composition of the alloy met the above composition requirements.

[0074] (3) Sample preparation

[0075] The preparation method in this embodiment is exactly the same as that in Example 1.

[0076] (4) Overall performance

[0077] In this example, the microstructure of the self-lubricating material after hot pressing and sintering is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the room temperature tensile strength is 71 MPa, the room temperature flexural strength is 175 MPa, the dry friction coefficient is 0.19, and the wear rate is 15 mg / h.

[0078] Example 6

[0079] (1)Alloy composition

[0080] A copper-based self-lubricating material with excellent mechanical and frictional properties is composed of the following components by mass percentage: Fe: 35 parts, Cu: 55 parts, Ni: 5 parts, graphite: 8 parts, and the total content of impurity elements does not exceed 0.1%.

[0081] (2) Powder preparation

[0082] The prepared metal powder and graphite powder were sieved, and -200 mesh powder was selected and mixed evenly; the composition of the alloy met the above composition requirements.

[0083] (3) Sample preparation

[0084] The preparation method in this embodiment is exactly the same as that in Example 1.

[0085] (4) Overall performance

[0086] The self-lubricating material in this example has a room temperature tensile strength of 80 MPa, a room temperature flexural strength of 165 MPa, a dry friction coefficient of 0.20, and a wear rate of 13 mg / h.

[0087] Example 7

[0088] (1)Alloy composition

[0089] A copper-based self-lubricating material with excellent mechanical and tribological properties is composed of the following components by mass percentage: Fe: 35 parts, Cu: 55 parts, Ni: 10 parts, graphite: 8 parts, and the total content of impurity elements does not exceed 0.1%.

[0090] (2) Powder preparation

[0091] The prepared metal powder and graphite powder were sieved, and -200 mesh powder was selected and mixed evenly; the composition of the alloy met the above composition requirements.

[0092] (3) Sample preparation

[0093] The preparation method in this embodiment is exactly the same as that in Example 1.

[0094] (4) Overall performance

[0095] The self-lubricating material in this example has a room temperature tensile strength of 85 MPa, a room temperature flexural strength of 180 MPa, a dry friction coefficient of 0.19, and a wear rate of 9 mg / h.

[0096] Example 8

[0097] (1)Alloy composition

[0098] A copper-based self-lubricating material with excellent mechanical and frictional properties is composed of the following components by mass percentage: Fe: 35 parts, Cu: 55 parts, Ni: 15 parts, graphite: 8 parts, and the total content of impurity elements does not exceed 0.1%.

[0099] (2) Powder preparation

[0100] The prepared metal powder and graphite powder were sieved, and -200 mesh powder was selected and mixed evenly; the composition of the alloy met the above composition requirements.

[0101] (3) Sample preparation

[0102] The preparation method in this embodiment is exactly the same as that in Example 1.

[0103] (4) Overall performance

[0104] In this example, the microstructure of the self-lubricating material after hot pressing and sintering is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the room temperature tensile strength is 105 MPa, the room temperature flexural strength is 220 MPa, the dry friction coefficient is 0.175, and the wear rate is 7 mg / h.

[0105] Comparative Example 1

[0106] (1)Alloy composition

[0107] A copper-based self-lubricating material with excellent mechanical and frictional properties is composed of the following components by mass percentage: Fe: 35 parts, Cu: 55 parts, Ni: 20 parts, graphite: 8 parts, and the total content of impurity elements does not exceed 0.1%.

[0108] (2) Powder preparation

[0109] The prepared metal powder and graphite powder were sieved, and -200 mesh powder was selected and mixed evenly; the composition of the alloy met the above composition requirements.

[0110] (3) Sample preparation

[0111] The preparation method of this comparative example is exactly the same as that of Example 1.

[0112] (4) Overall performance

[0113] The self-lubricating material in this example, after hot pressing and sintering, has a room temperature tensile strength of 50 MPa, a room temperature flexural strength of 175 MPa, a dry friction coefficient of 0.17, and a wear rate of 7 mg / h.

[0114] Comparative Example 2

[0115] (1)Alloy composition

[0116] A copper-based self-lubricating material with excellent mechanical and frictional properties is composed of the following components by mass percentage: Fe: 35 parts, Cu: 55 parts, Ni: 25 parts, graphite: 8 parts, and the total content of impurity elements does not exceed 0.1%.

[0117] (2) Powder preparation

[0118] The prepared metal powder and graphite powder were sieved, and -200 mesh powder was selected and mixed evenly; the composition of the alloy met the above composition requirements.

[0119] (3) Sample preparation

[0120] The preparation method of this comparative example is exactly the same as that of Example 1.

[0121] (4) Overall performance

[0122] The self-lubricating material in this example, after hot pressing and sintering, has a room temperature tensile strength of 40 MPa, a room temperature flexural strength of 180 MPa, a dry friction coefficient of 0.23, and a wear rate of 6.5 mg / h.

[0123] Comparative Example 3

[0124] (1)Alloy composition

[0125] A copper-iron-based self-lubricating material has the following composition by mass percentage: Fe: 31 parts, graphite content: 8 parts, total impurity element content: not exceeding 0.1%, and balance: Ni.

[0126] (2) Raw material preparation

[0127] Select Fe powder, Ni powder and graphite powder with a size of -200 mesh, and mix them evenly according to the component ratio;

[0128] (3) Sample preparation

[0129] The preparation method of this embodiment is the same as that of Example 1, except that the final heat preservation temperature is 1050℃.

[0130] (4) Overall performance

[0131] The self-lubricating material in this comparative example, after hot pressing and sintering, has a room temperature tensile strength of 47 MPa, a room temperature flexural strength of 96 MPa, a dry friction coefficient of 0.24, and a wear rate of 19 mg / h.

[0132] Comparative Example 4

[0133] (1)Alloy composition

[0134] A copper-iron-based self-lubricating material has the following composition by mass percentage: Cu: 66 parts, graphite content: 8 parts, total impurity element content: not exceeding 0.1%, and balance: Ni.

[0135] (2) Raw material preparation

[0136] Select metal powder with a size of -200 mesh and graphite powder, and mix them evenly according to the component ratio;

[0137] (3) Sample preparation

[0138] The preparation method of this embodiment is exactly the same as that of Comparative Example 3.

[0139] (4) Overall performance

[0140] The self-lubricating material in this comparative example, after hot pressing and sintering, has a room temperature tensile strength of 50 MPa, a room temperature flexural strength of 103 MPa, a dry friction coefficient of 0.25, and a wear rate of 20 mg / h.

[0141] Table 1. Performance of the products obtained from the examples and comparative examples.

[0142]

[0143]

Claims

1. A high-wear-resistant copper-based alloy self-lubricating material, characterized by: The components include the following mass fractions: Cu 55-65 parts, Fe 30-45 parts, C 4-10 parts, and the balance being inevitable impurities, the total amount of which is less than 0.1% of the total mass of the self-lubricating material.

2. The high-wear-resistant copper-based alloy self-lubricating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components of the self-lubricating material further include Ni in a mass fraction of 5-15 parts.

3. The high-wear-resistant copper-based alloy self-lubricating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-lubricating material is composed of the following mass fractions of components: Cu 55-65 parts, Fe 35-45 parts, C 6-8 parts, and the balance being inevitable impurities.

4. The high wear resistant copper-based alloy self-lubricating material of claim 2, wherein: The self-lubricating material is composed of the following mass fractions of components Cu 55-60 parts, Fe 35-40 parts, Ni 5-15 parts, C 6-8 parts, and the balance being inevitable impurities.

5. The high-wear-resistant copper-based alloy self-lubricating material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The self-lubricating material is composed of the following mass fractions of components: Cu 55 parts, Fe 35 parts, Ni 15 parts, C 8 parts, and the balance being inevitable impurities, the total amount of which is less than 0.1% of the total mass of the self-lubricating material.

6. The method for preparing a high-wear-resistant copper-based alloy self-lubricating material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The raw material powders of the components are mixed uniformly, then pressed and compacted, and then subjected to rapid hot-pressing sintering reaction, and after cooling to room temperature, the product is demolded.

7. The method for preparing a high-wear-resistant copper-based alloy self-lubricating material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The particle size of the raw material powders is -200 mesh; and the compaction pressure is 15-25 Mpa.

8. The method for preparing a high-wear-resistant copper-based alloy self-lubricating material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The process of the rapid hot-pressing sintering reaction is multi-stage high-pressure sintering, which is as follows: in the first stage, the temperature is raised to 800-900℃ at a temperature raising rate of 80-120℃ / min, and the pressure is 20-25 Mpa; in the second stage, the temperature is raised to 950-1050℃ at a temperature raising rate of 40-60℃ / min, and the pressure is 30-35 Mpa; and in the third stage, the temperature is kept constant at the pressure for 15-25 min.

9. The method for preparing a high-wear-resistant copper-based alloy self-lubricating material according to claim 8, characterized in that: The process of the rapid hot-pressing sintering reaction is as follows: the temperature is raised to 850℃ at a temperature raising rate of 100℃ / min, then raised to 980℃ at a temperature raising rate of 50℃ / min, and at the same time, the pressure is raised to 12-16 T, and then kept constant for 20 min.

10. The method for preparing a high-wear-resistant copper-based alloy self-lubricating material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The self-lubricating material has a tensile strength of 80-115 MPa, a bending strength of 170-225 MPa, a friction coefficient of 0.17-0.27, and a wear rate of 7-24 mg / h.

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