Perforation cluster fracturing fluid amount monitoring method and device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil-gas exploration and development, in particular to a perforation cluster fracturing fluid quantity monitoring method and device, and the method comprises the following steps: monitoring the residual magnetism of rocks of a target interval before perforation fracturing, and monitoring the residual magnetism of rocks of each interval after segmented multi-cluster fracturing; and the fracturing fluid inlet amount of each perforation cluster is inverted by comparing the enveloping area within the range of the change amplitude of the residual magnetism before and after fracturing. The liquid inlet amount of each cluster is analyzed by monitoring the change amplitude of the residual magnetic field of the reservoir before and after fracturing, centering testing is not needed during monitoring, the influence of shaft liquid is avoided, the precision is high, the application range is wide, and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploration and development technology, and is a method and device for monitoring the volume of fracturing fluid in perforated clusters. Background Technology

[0002] With the exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs both domestically and internationally, hydraulic fracturing technology has been widely applied. To further enhance reservoir utilization, multi-cluster volumetric fracturing in horizontal wells has become the main technology for unconventional oil and gas reservoir development. However, unconventional reservoirs generally exhibit strong heterogeneity and large stress differences, often requiring methods such as flow-limited fracturing and temporary plugging to mitigate uneven stimulation among clusters. To ensure fracturing effectiveness, it is necessary to understand the injection rate of fracturing fluid into each cluster to guide the optimization of fracturing strategies for other wells. Existing fracturing monitoring methods include microseismic fracture monitoring, tracers, and permanent external fiber optic monitoring.

[0003] In their paper "Field Test of Fracturing Single Cluster Prolongation Strength Monitored by External Fiber Optic Amplitude," Wu Baocheng et al. mentioned that they analyzed the proportion of fracturing fluid entering each cluster within a section by using the vibration amplitude of optical fiber DAS acoustic waves. Zhang Yang et al., in their Chinese invention patent application number 202211514974.2 entitled "A Method and Device for Evaluating Fracturing Effect Based on Distributed Acoustic Sensing," proposed using sound data collected during the hydraulic fracturing process from distributed acoustic sensing. This data, with its first frequency division energy, is processed to quantitatively calculate the volume or mass of fracturing fluid and proppant entering each perforation cluster within the fracturing section, thus enabling a quantitative evaluation of the fracturing effect. In 2008, Chen Wenqiang et al. derived various formation parameters using radioactive tracers. This technology is simple to implement and easy to operate, but the detection time is too long, sampling is complex, and the repeatability of the detection results is poor. In 2014, Li Ming et al. used microseismic monitoring technology to monitor the Dongying tight sandstone reservoir, but the technical accuracy was poor. The external fiber optic monitoring technology has the advantages of high monitoring sensitivity and reliable monitoring data, but it requires external fiber optic cable laying when installing the sleeve. It is necessary to consider the fiber's resistance to external extrusion, wear, and corrosion. It also requires avoiding the beam during perforation, making the construction complex and the operating cost high.

[0004] The aforementioned fracturing monitoring methods suffer from difficulties such as high construction difficulty, high cost, and low accuracy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish a method and device for monitoring the volume of fracturing fluid in perforated clusters to solve these technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method and device for monitoring the volume of fracturing fluid in perforated clusters, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and can effectively solve the problems of high construction difficulty, high cost and low accuracy in the prior art.

[0006] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a method for monitoring the amount of fracturing fluid introduced into a perforation cluster, comprising the following steps: monitoring the residual magnetism of the rock in the target layer before perforation fracturing, monitoring the residual magnetism of the rock in each layer after multi-cluster fracturing in segments, and inverting the amount of fracturing fluid introduced into each perforation cluster by comparing the area of ​​the envelope within the range of change of residual magnetism before and after fracturing.

[0007] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to one of the above-mentioned technical solutions:

[0008] Highly sensitive residual magnetic instruments can be used to monitor residual magnetic fields before and after fracturing.

[0009] The aforementioned highly sensitive residual magnetic instruments used for monitoring can be storage-type highly sensitive residual magnetic monitoring instruments and magnetic positioning instruments.

[0010] Specifically, this may include the following steps:

[0011] The first step is to connect a storage-type high-sensitivity residual magnetic field monitor and a magnetic positioning instrument with coiled tubing or cable in a newly drilled well at a certain development layer, and to conduct uniform speed drag monitoring in the target layer.

[0012] The second step involves performing segmented multi-cluster perforation fracturing on the well, with the fracturing fluid volume Q of each fracturing segment recorded on the surface. j Where j = 1, 2, 3, j is the fracturing segment number;

[0013] The third step is to drill the bridge plug with coiled tubing after fracturing and clean the wellbore.

[0014] The fourth step involves using a continuous tubing or cable to connect a storage-type high-sensitivity residual magnetic field monitor and a magnetic positioning instrument, and then dragging them at a constant speed to monitor the target layer.

[0015] The fifth step involves comparing the data measured by the magnetic positioning instrument with the casing coupling data to determine the depth, extracting the reservoir residual magnetic data before and after fracturing, plotting the rock residual magnetic curves before and after fracturing, and obtaining the area S of the envelope of the residual magnetic curves before and after fracturing for each cluster. j i Where i = 1, 2, 3, i is the cluster number within a certain segment, j = 1, 2, 3, j is the fracturing segment number;

[0016] Step 6: Within the j-th fracturing section, calculate the fluid injection ratio V for each cluster. j i The calculation formula is:

[0017]

[0018] Step 7: Calculate the liquid inflow rate Q for each cluster within each segment. j i The calculation formula is:

[0019]

[0020] The monitoring speed in step four above can be the same as the monitoring speed in step one.

[0021] The second technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a perforated fracturing fluid volume monitoring device, comprising:

[0022] The pre-fracturing monitoring module is used to monitor the residual magnetism of the rock in the target section before perforation fracturing;

[0023] The post-fracturing monitoring module is used to monitor the residual magnetism of rocks in each segment after multi-cluster fracturing.

[0024] The inversion calculation module is used to invert the fracturing fluid injection rate of each perforation cluster by comparing the area of ​​the envelope within the range of changes in residual magnetism before and after fracturing.

[0025] The third technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a terminal device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a program that can run on the processor, and the processor executes the program to implement the above-mentioned perforation cluster fracturing fluid volume monitoring method.

[0026] The fourth technical solution of the present invention is achieved by the following measures: a storage medium storing one or more programs, which can be executed by one or more processors to realize the above-mentioned perforation cluster fracturing fluid volume monitoring method.

[0027] This invention utilizes the area encompassed by the changes in residual magnetic field before and after fracturing to invert the injection volume of fracturing fluid into each cluster, demonstrating technological advancement and innovation. By monitoring the amplitude of changes in the residual magnetic field of the reservoir before and after fracturing, this invention analyzes the injection volume of each cluster. Its advantages include a small outer diameter residual magnetic field monitoring instrument, eliminating the need for centered testing during monitoring, immunity to wellbore fluid influence, high accuracy, wide applicability, and low cost. This invention improves monitoring accuracy and reduces monitoring costs, which is beneficial for capturing the horizontal well fracturing service market. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Appendix Figure 1 This is a graph showing the residual magnetic field before and after compression in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation.

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments:

[0031] Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figure 1As shown, the method for monitoring the fracturing fluid injection volume of perforation clusters includes the following steps: monitoring the residual magnetism of the rock in the target layer before perforation fracturing; monitoring the residual magnetism of the rock in each layer after multi-cluster fracturing; and calculating the fracturing fluid injection volume of each perforation cluster by comparing the area of ​​the envelope within the range of residual magnetism changes before and after fracturing. In this embodiment of the invention, a high-sensitivity residual magnetism instrument is used to monitor the residual magnetism before and after fracturing; wherein, the high-sensitivity residual magnetism instrument used for monitoring is a storage-type high-sensitivity residual magnetism monitor and a magnetic positioning instrument.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, the specific steps include:

[0033] The first step is to connect a storage-type high-sensitivity residual magnetic field monitor and a magnetic positioning instrument in a newly drilled well at a certain development layer using coiled tubing or cable, and to conduct uniform speed drag monitoring in the target layer.

[0034] The second step involves performing segmented multi-cluster perforation fracturing on the well, with the fracturing fluid volume Q of each fracturing segment recorded on the surface. j , where j = 1, 2, 3, and j is the fracturing segment number.

[0035] The third step is to drill the bridge plug using coiled tubing after fracturing and clean the wellbore.

[0036] The fourth step involves connecting a storage-type high-sensitivity residual magnetic field monitor and a magnetic positioning instrument using a continuous tubing or cable, and then dragging them at a constant speed to monitor the target layer. In this embodiment of the invention, the monitoring speed in the fourth step is the same as the monitoring speed in the first step.

[0037] The fifth step involves comparing the data measured by the magnetic positioning instrument with the casing coupling data to determine the depth, extracting the reservoir residual magnetic data before and after fracturing, plotting the rock residual magnetic curves before and after fracturing, and obtaining the area S of the envelope of the residual magnetic curves before and after fracturing for each cluster. j i Where i = 1, 2, 3, i is the cluster number within a certain segment, j = 1, 2, 3, j is the fracturing segment number, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 As shown. Among them, in the appendix Figure 1 In the diagram, the solid black line represents the residual magnetic curve before compression, and the dashed red line represents the residual magnetic curve after compression.

[0038] Step 6: Within the j-th fracturing section, calculate the fluid injection ratio V for each cluster. j i The calculation formula is:

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] Step 7: Calculate the liquid inflow rate Q for each cluster within each segment. ji The calculation formula is:

[0042]

[0043] During reservoir formation, reservoir rocks are magnetized by the Earth's magnetic field, retaining their original natural remanent magnetism. During reservoir fracturing, the cooling effect of fracturing fluid on the formation, the creation of new fractures, and the filling of fractures with artificial proppant all alter the remanent magnetism of the rocks. This invention uses the area encompassed by the change in remanent magnetism before and after fracturing to invert the fracturing fluid injection volume of each cluster, demonstrating technological advancement and innovation. This invention provides a method for monitoring the fracturing fluid injection volume of perforated clusters, analyzing the injection volume of each cluster by monitoring the amplitude of the change in the reservoir's remanent magnetic field before and after fracturing. Its advantages include a small outer diameter remanent magnetization monitoring instrument, no need for centered testing during monitoring, unaffected by wellbore fluid, high accuracy, wide applicability, and low cost. This invention improves monitoring accuracy, reduces monitoring costs, and is beneficial for capturing the horizontal well fracturing service market.

[0044] Example 2: This example provides a specific application instance of a perforated cluster fracturing fluid volume monitoring method, including the following steps:

[0045] The first step was to select the newly drilled horizontal well MaHW007 in the Mahu Fengcheng Formation shale oil reservoir of Xinjiang Oilfield. A storage-type high-sensitivity residual magnetic field monitor and a magnetic positioning instrument were connected by coiled tubing. The monitor was dragged at a constant speed of 10 meters per minute in the target section (4700-5700 meters) of the well. After the monitoring was completed, the coiled tubing and the instrument were removed.

[0046] The second step involved performing segmented multi-cluster perforation fracturing on well MaHW007, divided into 10 segments, with 3 clusters of fracturing per segment. The fracturing fluid volume Q for each fracturing segment was recorded on the surface. j j = 1, 2, 3...10, such as the first segment j = 1, the ground record uses fracturing fluid Q j =352 cubic meters, as shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] The third step is to drill the bridge plug using coiled tubing after fracturing and clean the wellbore.

[0051] The fourth step involves using a continuous tubing connection to a storage-type high-sensitivity residual magnetic field monitor and a magnetic positioning instrument. The monitor is then dragged at a constant speed of 10 meters per minute in the target layer (4700-5700 meters), with the monitoring speed being the same as the pre-pressure measurement speed.

[0052] The fifth step involves comparing the data obtained by the magnetic positioning instrument with the casing coupling data to determine the depth, extracting the reservoir residual magnetic data before and after fracturing, plotting the rock residual magnetic curves before and after fracturing, and obtaining the area S of the envelope of the residual magnetic curves before and after fracturing for each cluster. j i i = 1, 2, 3, which are the cluster numbers within a certain segment, and j = 1, 2, 3, which are the fracturing segment numbers, as shown in Table 1.

[0053] Step 6: Within the j=1 fracturing section, calculate the fluid injection ratio V1 for each cluster. i ,

[0054]

[0055] Step 7: Calculate the liquid inflow rate Q for each cluster within each segment. j i For example, the liquid inflow rate of each cluster in the first segment is

[0056]

[0057] The embodiments of this invention have been applied and verified in multiple blocks such as Xinjiang Oilfield and Turpan-Hami Shale Oilfield, optimizing the segmented cluster scheme and fracturing design, improving monitoring accuracy and reducing monitoring costs.

[0058] Example 3: This example provides a perforated fracturing fluid volume monitoring device, including:

[0059] The pre-fracturing monitoring module is used to monitor the residual magnetism of the rock in the target section before perforation fracturing;

[0060] The post-fracturing monitoring module is used to monitor the residual magnetism of rocks in each segment after multi-cluster fracturing. In this embodiment of the invention, a high-sensitivity residual magnetism instrument is used to monitor the residual magnetism before and after fracturing. The high-sensitivity residual magnetism instrument used for monitoring is a storage-type high-sensitivity residual magnetism monitor and a magnetic positioning instrument.

[0061] The inversion calculation module is used to invert the fracturing fluid injection rate of each perforation cluster by comparing the area of ​​the envelope within the range of changes in residual magnetism before and after fracturing.

[0062] This perforated cluster fracturing fluid volume monitoring device analyzes the fluid volume of each cluster by monitoring the change in the residual magnetic field of the reservoir before and after fracturing. It does not require centering during monitoring, is not affected by wellbore fluid, and has high accuracy, wide applicability, and low cost.

[0063] Example 4: This embodiment of the invention provides a terminal device, which includes a memory, a processor, a communication interface, and a communication bus. The memory stores a program that can run on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the perforation cluster fracturing fluid volume monitoring method in the above embodiment.

[0064] The processor can be a central processing unit, or it can be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors, application-specific integrated circuits, field-programmable gate arrays or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or combinations of the above types of chips.

[0065] The memory, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer-executable programs, and units, such as the program units corresponding to those in the above-described method embodiments of the present invention. The processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the non-transitory software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory, thereby realizing the perforation cluster fracturing fluid volume monitoring method in the above embodiments.

[0066] The memory may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created by the processor, etc. Furthermore, the memory may include high-speed random access memory and non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. The memory may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor, which can be connected to the processor via a network. One or more programs are stored in the memory and, when executed by the processor, perform the perforation cluster fracturing fluid volume monitoring method described in the above embodiments.

[0067] Example 5: This embodiment of the invention provides a storage medium for computer-readable storage. The storage medium stores one or more programs, which can be executed by one or more processors to implement the perforation cluster fracturing fluid volume monitoring method provided in the above method embodiments.

[0068] The storage medium can be an internal storage unit of the terminal device, such as the hard drive or memory of the terminal device. Alternatively, the storage medium can be an external storage device of the terminal device, such as a plug-in hard drive, smart memory card, secure digital card, or flash memory card installed on the terminal device.

[0069] The above technical features constitute the embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Unnecessary technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims

1. A method of monitoring the quantity of fracturing fluid pumped through a perforating cluster, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: monitoring the residual magnetism of the rock in the target layer before perforation and fracturing, monitoring the residual magnetism of the rock in each layer after segmented multi-cluster fracturing, and inverting the fracturing fluid inflow volume of each perforation cluster by comparing the area enveloped in the range of the variation amplitude of the residual magnetism before and after fracturing.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein The high-sensitivity residual magnetism instrument is used to monitor the residual magnetism before and after fracturing.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein The high-sensitivity residual magnetism instrument used for monitoring is a storage-type high-sensitivity residual magnetism monitoring instrument and a magnetic positioning instrument.

4. The method of claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein The method comprises the following steps: Firstly, a storage-type high-sensitivity residual magnetism monitoring instrument and a magnetic positioning instrument are connected by a coiled tubing or a wireline, and a new well drilled in a certain development layer is uniformly dragged at a constant speed to monitor the target layer. Secondly, the well is fractured by segment and multi-cluster perforation, and the fracturing fluid consumption Q of each fracturing segment is recorded on the ground j wherein j = 1, 2, 3, j is the fracturing segment serial number Thirdly, the coiled tubing is used to drill a bridge plug and clean the well. Fourthly, a storage-type high-sensitivity residual magnetism monitoring instrument and a magnetic positioning instrument are connected by a coiled tubing or a wireline, and the target layer is uniformly dragged at a constant speed to monitor the target layer. In the fifth step, the data measured by the magnetic positioning instrument is compared with the casing collar data to position the depth, extract the pre- and post-fracturing reservoir residual magnetic data, draw the pre- and post-fracturing rock residual magnetic curve, and obtain the area S of the envelope of the pre- and post-fracturing residual magnetic curves of each cluster j i wherein i = 1, 2, 3, i is the cluster serial number in a section, and j = 1, 2, 3, j is the fracturing section serial number Step 6, in the j-th fracturing section, the liquid inlet proportion V of each cluster is calculated j i The calculation formula is: Step 7, calculate the liquid intake Q of each cluster in each section j i The calculation formula is:

5. The method of claim 4, wherein The monitoring speed in the fourth step is the same as that in the first step.

6. A perforating cluster frac fluid volume monitoring device characterized by The method comprises: a pre-fracturing monitoring module for monitoring the residual magnetism of the rock in the target layer before perforation and fracturing; a post-fracturing monitoring module for monitoring the residual magnetism of the rock in each layer after segmented multi-cluster fracturing; an inversion calculation module for inverting the fracturing fluid inflow volume of each perforation cluster by comparing the area enveloped in the range of the variation amplitude of the residual magnetism before and after fracturing. 7.A terminal device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a program capable of running on the processor, and the program comprises the following steps of: The processor executes the program to implement the perforation cluster fracturing fluid inflow volume monitoring method in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A storage medium, characterized by The storage medium stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the perforation cluster fracturing fluid inflow volume monitoring method in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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