Intelligent collaborative system and method for multi-concentration gas staged utilization in deep coal mine

Abstract

The application discloses an intelligent collaborative system and method for multi-concentration gas grading utilization in a deep coal mine, wherein a high-concentration gas extraction unit is used for conveying gas with a concentration higher than 30% to the ground; a low-concentration gas mobile in-situ utilization unit is used for collecting and purifying gas with a concentration lower than 8% at different positions to serve as power fuel for its underground movement, and surplus high-concentration gas after the movement is integrated into the high-concentration gas extraction unit to improve the gas utilization rate; meanwhile, an environmental monitoring module carried by the low-concentration gas mobile in-situ utilization unit can perform environmental monitoring on different positions in the underground; a medium-concentration gas controllable combustion and explosion rock breaking unit is used for impacting and breaking rocks by combusting and exploding medium-concentration gas with a concentration between 8% and 30% through a water fire suppression double-cavity combustion and explosion structure, so that the existing rock breaking machine is assisted to break hard rocks (hard coal). Under the regulation and control of a control center, the system composed of the above equipment is cooperatively matched with each other, and can realize grading, source separation and precise utilization of coal mine gas in the underground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of gas acquisition and utilization technology, specifically an intelligent collaborative system and method for the graded utilization of multi-concentration gas in deep coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] Methane gas is commonly generated during coal mining and is typically categorized into high-concentration, medium-concentration, and low-concentration methane. Currently, deep coal mine methane drainage widely employs an independent pipeline transportation model based on concentration, requiring separate pipelines for high-concentration, medium-concentration, and low-concentration methane to reach the surface or treatment facilities. This not only increases the number and complexity of pipelines but also significantly raises underground transportation and management costs.

[0003] High-concentration methane (≥30%): Primarily collected and transported to the surface for utilization; currently, efficient in-situ utilization is not fully realized underground. Medium-concentration methane (8%–30%): Often difficult to utilize alone; currently, it is mixed and diluted before transportation or combustion / explosion, resulting in low utilization rates. Low-concentration methane (<8%): Currently, it is mostly emitted or only partially used for purification. However, although low-concentration methane has a low concentration, its total amount is enormous (accounting for 70%–80% of total coal mine methane emissions). Direct emission not only causes a huge waste of resources but also exacerbates the greenhouse effect, contributing to global warming and causing long-term negative impacts on the ecological environment.

[0004] As can be seen from the above, traditional gas utilization methods mainly rely on centralized extraction followed by surface treatment. High-concentration gas is usually used for power generation or chemical raw materials. Medium-concentration gas suffers from low extraction and transportation efficiency and limited utilization value. Low-concentration gas, due to insufficient concentration and high explosion risk, is often directly discharged or inefficiently utilized, increasing mine safety risks and causing energy waste and environmental pollution. Furthermore, existing technologies also have the following shortcomings: (1) After underground gas extraction, multiple sets of pipelines need to be laid in parallel according to different concentrations, making the system complex and costly; (2) Low-concentration gas lacks efficient in-situ utilization methods underground, resulting in low energy recovery efficiency; (3) Medium-concentration gas lacks a reasonable way to directly serve mining operations such as tunneling and roof caving, and cannot realize its potential value in local rock breaking and energy compensation; (4) Existing systems do not have intelligent control functions, making it difficult to achieve coordinated scheduling and full-cycle dynamic monitoring.

[0005] Therefore, the research direction of this invention is to provide a new system and method that can achieve gas classification, source differentiation, and precise utilization underground without laying a large number of pipelines, and can make timely intelligent adjustments based on changes in gas concentrations, thereby effectively improving the comprehensive utilization rate of gas and operational safety in deep coal mines. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides an intelligent collaborative system and method for the graded utilization of multi-concentration methane in deep coal mines, which can effectively solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an intelligent collaborative system for the graded utilization of multi-concentration methane in deep coal mines, comprising a high-concentration methane extraction unit deployed underground, a low-concentration methane mobile in-situ utilization unit, a medium-concentration methane controllable combustion and blasting rock breaking unit, and a control center.

[0008] The high-concentration gas extraction unit is used to transport gas with a concentration exceeding 30% to the ground.

[0009] The low-concentration methane mobile in-situ utilization unit includes an intelligent inspection vehicle and a methane purification module, a methane storage module, a power module, an environmental monitoring module, and a communication control module mounted on the vehicle. The environmental monitoring module is used to monitor the methane concentration in the surrounding environment. The methane purification module is used to purify methane with a concentration below 8% and store it in the methane storage module. The purification technology can be pressure swing adsorption (PSA) or membrane separation technology. The power module is used to convert the methane in the methane storage module into power to drive the intelligent inspection vehicle. The communication control module is used to transmit the monitoring data from the environmental monitoring module to the control center and receive control commands sent by the control center to control the working status of the power module and the methane purification module.

[0010] The medium-concentration gas controllable combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit is arranged at the front end of the tunneling or roof caving equipment. It is used to ignite and explode gas with a concentration between 8% and 30% within the unit to impact and break rocks, thereby assisting in the breaking of hard rock / hard coal.

[0011] The control center is used to receive monitoring data fed back by the environmental monitoring module, and after analysis, to control the working status of the high-concentration gas extraction unit, the low-concentration gas mobile in-situ utilization unit, and the medium-concentration gas controllable combustion and rock breaking unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the gas storage module is connected to the high-concentration gas extraction unit via pipelines and control valves. When the pressure of the gas storage module exceeds the preset pressure threshold, the communication control module opens the control valve to allow the excess gas in the gas storage module to enter the high-concentration gas extraction unit and be extracted to the ground until the internal pressure drops below the preset pressure threshold and the control valve is closed.

[0013] Furthermore, the controlled combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit for medium-concentration methane includes a first shell and a second shell. The second shell is located inside the first shell, and its interior serves as the combustion and explosion cavity. An outer cavity is formed between the two shells, and the outer cavity encloses the second shell. The first shell has inlet / outlet ports and a safety pressure relief valve. The inlet / outlet ports are used to inject water into the outer cavity, making the outer cavity a buffer layer for the first shell. The safety pressure relief valve automatically opens to drain and relieve pressure when the water pressure in the outer cavity exceeds a safe value. The surface of the second shell has a premixed gas inlet, and one end of a premixed gas pipe passes through the first shell and connects to the premixed gas inlet for injecting medium-concentration methane into the inner cavity. An ignition device is installed inside the second shell to ignite the medium-concentration methane and cause it to explode, thus performing the required rock-breaking operation. This water-suppressed open-flame double-cavity combustion and explosion structure can confine the combustion and explosion process of medium-concentration methane within a controlled, water-tight space, transforming a dangerous explosion into a safe, directional impact, achieving efficient induced impact load-assisted rock breaking.

[0014] Furthermore, the surface of the second housing is provided with a nitrogen injection valve and a pressure sensor. The nitrogen injection valve is mounted on the second housing, and one end of the nitrogen injection pipe passes through the first housing and is connected to the nitrogen injection valve. When the nitrogen injection valve is opened by the control center, nitrogen is injected into the inner cavity through the nitrogen injection pipe to terminate the gas combustion and explosion. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the gas pressure value of the inner cavity and feeds it back to the control center through the communication control module to ensure that the premixed gas concentration is within the combustion and explosion range.

[0015] Furthermore, the volume ratio of the outer cavity to the inner cavity is determined based on the concentration value of the medium-concentration gas required for combustion.

[0016] Furthermore, if the concentration of the medium-concentration gas required for combustion is close to the upper explosive limit, the volume ratio of the inner cavity to the outer cavity should be 1:1 to 2:1; if the concentration of the medium-concentration gas required for combustion is close to the lower explosive limit, the volume ratio of the inner cavity to the outer cavity should be 3:1 to 5:1 to ensure that the water in the outer cavity has sufficient energy absorption capacity.

[0017] Furthermore, the environmental monitoring module is a five-in-one environmental monitoring and analysis instrument, which can monitor methane concentration, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and temperature in real time, and feed the data back to the control center through the communication control module.

[0018] The working method of the above-mentioned intelligent collaborative system for the graded utilization of multi-concentration methane in deep coal mines includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: High-concentration methane with a concentration of not less than 30% collected underground is directly transported to the surface through underground extraction boreholes and vertical shaft transportation pipelines using a high-concentration methane extraction unit for centralized utilization.

[0020] Step Two: Low-concentration methane collected underground (below 8%) is purified to high-concentration methane by the methane purification module of the mobile in-situ utilization unit and stored in the methane storage module. The power module uses the methane in the storage module to drive the intelligent inspection vehicle. The environmental monitoring module monitors the surrounding environmental data in real time and feeds it back to the control center. If the methane concentration in the surrounding environment exceeds the first preset concentration threshold, the control center issues a control command, which, through the communication control module, stops the methane purification module and issues a warning. If the pressure in the methane storage module exceeds the preset pressure threshold, the control center opens the control valve through the communication control module to allow excess gas in the methane storage module to enter the high-concentration methane extraction unit and be extracted to the surface until the internal pressure drops below the preset pressure threshold and the control valve is closed.

[0021] Step 3: Medium-concentration methane collected underground, with a concentration between 8% and 30%, is transported to the medium-concentration methane controlled combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit. The medium-concentration methane ignites and explodes within the inner cavity. Because it is surrounded by water in the outer cavity, it can achieve flameless combustion and explosion at the rock-breaking location, inducing impact loads to efficiently assist mechanical breaking of hard rock or cutting the roof of hard rock. During the rock-breaking process, when the ambient methane concentration at the working face where the medium-concentration methane controlled combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit is located exceeds the second preset concentration threshold, the control center issues a control command to close the premixed gas inlet of the medium-concentration methane controlled combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit and open the nitrogen injection valve to inject nitrogen into the inner cavity, stopping the combustion and explosion process.

[0022] Step 4: The control center continuously monitors and controls the processes in steps one through three to achieve graded utilization of gas at different concentrations.

[0023] Furthermore, the first preset concentration threshold is 0.5%; the preset pressure threshold is 30 MPa; and the second preset concentration threshold is 0.8%.

[0024] Compared with existing technologies, this invention combines a high-concentration gas extraction unit, a low-concentration gas mobile in-situ utilization unit, a medium-concentration gas controllable combustion and blasting rock-breaking unit, and a control center. The high-concentration gas extraction unit transports gas with a concentration exceeding 30% to the surface. The low-concentration gas mobile in-situ utilization unit, on the one hand, purifies the collected gas with a concentration below 8% and uses it as fuel to move it to different locations underground, utilizing low-concentration gas collected at different locations. On the other hand, after collecting, purifying, and utilizing low-concentration gas at different locations, the excess high-concentration gas is utilized. The high-concentration gas extraction unit transports the gas to the surface. Additionally, the low-concentration gas mobile in-situ utilization unit can move underground, and its onboard environmental monitoring module monitors different locations underground, transmitting feedback to the control center via a communication control module. If the gas concentration in the monitored environment exceeds the limit, it can promptly stop low-concentration gas purification and send the current location for subsequent handling measures. The medium-concentration gas controllable combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit can use a water-suppressed open flame double-cavity combustion and explosion structure to impact and break rock at the required locations, assisting existing rock-breaking machinery in breaking hard rock / hard coal. Under the control of the control center, through the coordinated operation of these devices, without the need for extensive pipeline laying, gas classification, source differentiation, and precise utilization can be achieved underground. Furthermore, it can intelligently adjust the system based on changes in gas concentration, effectively improving the comprehensive utilization rate of gas in deep coal mines and enhancing operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the composition of the low-concentration gas mobile in-situ utilization unit in this invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the medium-concentration methane controllable combustion and explosive rock breaking unit in this invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the working method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below.

[0029] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, an intelligent collaborative system for the graded utilization of multi-concentration methane in deep coal mines includes a high-concentration methane extraction unit deployed underground, a low-concentration methane mobile in-situ utilization unit, a medium-concentration methane controllable combustion and blasting rock-breaking unit, and a control center. In this embodiment, the high-concentration methane extraction unit adopts an existing mine high negative pressure extraction system to transport methane with a concentration exceeding 30% to the surface for power generation or chemical utilization.

[0030] The low-concentration methane mobile in-situ utilization unit includes an intelligent inspection vehicle, and onboard modules for methane purification, methane storage, power, environmental monitoring, and communication control. The intelligent inspection vehicle features an explosion-proof design and has obtained the mining product safety mark (MA). The methane purification module uses a miniaturized membrane separation device to concentrate methane with a concentration <8% to over 80%. The methane storage module uses carbon fiber composite gas cylinders with a working pressure of 35 MPa. The power module is a small gas turbine or gas internal combustion engine modified using existing technology, providing power for vehicle movement and equipment operation. The environmental monitoring module is a five-in-one environmental monitoring and analysis instrument that can monitor methane concentration, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and temperature in real time, and transmit the data back to the control center via the communication control module. The system includes an environmental monitoring module for monitoring the methane concentration in the surrounding environment; a methane purification module for purifying methane with a concentration below 8% and storing it in a methane storage module; a power module for converting the methane in the storage module into power to drive the intelligent inspection vehicle; and a communication control module for transmitting monitoring data from the environmental monitoring module to the control center and receiving control commands from the control center to control the operating status of the power module and the methane purification module. The methane storage module is connected to a high-concentration methane extraction unit via pipelines and control valves. When the pressure in the methane storage module exceeds a preset pressure threshold, the communication control module opens the control valve to allow excess gas in the methane storage module to enter the high-concentration methane extraction unit and be extracted to the ground until the internal pressure drops below the preset pressure threshold and the control valve closes.

[0031] The medium-concentration methane controlled combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit is arranged at the front end of the tunneling or roof caving equipment. It is used to ignite and explode methane with a concentration between 8% and 30% within the unit to impact and break rock, thereby assisting in the breaking of hard rock / hard coal. The medium-concentration methane controlled combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit includes a first shell and a second shell. The second shell is located inside the first shell and serves as the combustion and explosion cavity. An outer cavity is formed between the two shells and encloses the second shell. The first shell has an injection and drainage port and a safety pressure relief valve. The injection and drainage port is used to inject water into the outer cavity, making the outer cavity a buffer layer for the first shell. The safety pressure relief valve is used to automatically open and drain water when the water pressure in the outer cavity exceeds a safe value. The surface of the second shell is provided with a premixed gas inlet. One end of the premixed gas pipe passes through the first shell and connects to the premixed gas inlet for injecting medium-concentration methane into the inner cavity. The second shell is provided with an ignition device for igniting the medium-concentration methane to ignite and explode, thereby performing the required rock-breaking operation. This water-suppressed, open-flame, double-cavity combustion-explosion structure can confine the combustion-explosion process of moderate-concentration methane within a controlled, water-tight space. It effectively absorbs the open flame and heat generated by the combustion-explosion, transforming a dangerous explosion into a safe, directional impact, thus achieving efficient induced impact load-assisted breaking of hard rock. The second shell surface is equipped with a nitrogen injection valve and a pressure sensor. The nitrogen injection valve is mounted on the second shell, and one end of a nitrogen injection pipe passes through the first shell and connects to the nitrogen injection valve. When the nitrogen injection valve is opened by command from the control center, nitrogen is injected into the inner cavity through the nitrogen injection pipe to terminate the methane combustion-explosion. The pressure sensor monitors the gas pressure value of the inner cavity and feeds it back to the control center via a communication control module, ensuring that the premixed gas concentration remains within the combustion-explosion range.

[0032] The control center is used to receive monitoring data fed back by the environmental monitoring module, and after analysis, to control the working status of the high-concentration gas extraction unit, the low-concentration gas mobile in-situ utilization unit, and the medium-concentration gas controllable combustion and rock breaking unit.

[0033] As an improvement of the present invention, the volume ratio of the outer cavity to the inner cavity is determined according to the concentration of the medium-concentration methane required for combustion. Specifically, if the concentration of the medium-concentration methane required for combustion is close to the upper explosive limit (e.g., 30%), the volume ratio of the inner cavity to the outer cavity is 1:1 to 2:1; if the concentration of the medium-concentration methane required for combustion is close to the lower explosive limit (e.g., 8%), the volume ratio of the inner cavity to the outer cavity is 3:1 to 5:1 to ensure that the water in the outer cavity has sufficient energy absorption capacity. In this embodiment, for methane with a concentration of 15%, the optimal volume ratio of the inner cavity to the outer cavity is determined to be 3:1 through numerical simulation and experiments. This ratio ensures that the impact load generated by the combustion is effectively transferred to the rock mass, while its energy is fully absorbed by the outer water body, the surface temperature of the cavity is below 80°C, and there is no risk of open flame leakage.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the working method of the intelligent collaborative system for the graded utilization of multi-concentration methane in deep coal mines includes the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: High-concentration methane with a concentration of not less than 30% collected underground is directly transported to the surface through underground extraction boreholes and vertical shaft transportation pipelines using a high-concentration methane extraction unit for centralized utilization.

[0036] Step Two: Low-concentration methane collected underground (below 8%) is purified to high-concentration methane by the methane purification module of the mobile in-situ utilization unit and stored in the methane storage module. The power module uses the methane in the storage module to power the intelligent inspection vehicle. The environmental monitoring module monitors the surrounding environment data in real time and feeds it back to the control center. If the methane concentration in the surrounding environment exceeds the first preset concentration threshold of 0.5%, the control center issues a control command and immediately executes a three-level response via the communication control module: a) Stop the methane purification module; b) Switch the power module to backup battery power or execute a safety shutdown procedure; c) Send the current location information via the communication control module. If the pressure in the methane storage module exceeds the preset pressure threshold of 30 MPa, the control center opens the control valve via the communication control module to allow excess gas in the methane storage module to enter the high-concentration methane extraction unit and be extracted to the surface until the internal pressure drops below the preset pressure threshold and the control valve is closed.

[0037] Step 3: Medium-concentration methane collected underground, with a concentration between 8% and 30%, is transported to the medium-concentration methane controlled combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit. The medium-concentration methane ignites and explodes within the inner cavity. Because it is surrounded by water in the outer cavity, it can achieve flameless combustion and explosion at the rock-breaking location, inducing impact loads to efficiently assist mechanical breaking of hard rock or cutting the roof of hard rock. During the rock-breaking process, when the ambient methane concentration at the working face where the medium-concentration methane controlled combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit is located exceeds the second preset concentration threshold of 0.8%, the control center issues a control command to close the premixed gas inlet of the medium-concentration methane controlled combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit and open the nitrogen injection valve to inject nitrogen into the inner cavity, stopping the combustion and explosion process.

[0038] Step 4: The control center continuously monitors and controls the processes in steps one through three to achieve graded utilization of gas at different concentrations.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent collaborative system for the graded utilization of multi-concentration methane in deep coal mines, characterized in that, It includes a high-concentration gas extraction unit deployed underground, a low-concentration gas mobile in-situ utilization unit, a medium-concentration gas controllable combustion and rock breaking unit, and a control center. The high-concentration gas extraction unit is used to transport gas with a concentration exceeding 30% to the ground. The low-concentration methane mobile in-situ utilization unit includes an intelligent inspection vehicle, and a methane purification module, a methane storage module, a power module, an environmental monitoring module, and a communication control module mounted on the vehicle. The environmental monitoring module is used to monitor the methane concentration in the surrounding environment; the methane purification module is used to purify methane with a concentration below 8% and store it in the methane storage module; the power module is used to convert the methane in the methane storage module into power to drive the intelligent inspection vehicle. The communication control module is used to transmit the monitoring data from the environmental monitoring module to the control center, and at the same time receive the control commands sent by the control center to realize the control of the working status of the power module and the gas purification module. The medium-concentration methane controlled combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit is arranged at the front end of the tunneling or caving equipment. It is used to ignite and explode methane with a concentration between 8% and 30% within the rock-breaking unit to impact and break up rock, thus assisting in the breaking of hard rock. The medium-concentration methane controlled combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit includes a first shell and a second shell. The second shell is located inside the first shell, and its interior serves as the inner cavity for the combustion and explosion. An outer cavity is formed between the two shells, and this outer cavity encloses the second shell. The first shell has inlet / outlet ports and a safety pressure relief valve. The surface of the second shell has a premixed gas inlet. The system includes a nitrogen injection valve and a pressure sensor, and an ignition device is installed inside the second housing. The volume ratio of the outer cavity to the inner cavity is determined based on the required concentration of medium-concentration methane for combustion. Specifically, if the required concentration of medium-concentration methane for combustion is close to the upper explosive limit, the volume ratio of the inner cavity to the outer cavity is 1:1 to 2:1; if the required concentration of medium-concentration methane for combustion is close to the lower explosive limit, the volume ratio of the inner cavity to the outer cavity is 3:1 to 5:1 to ensure that the water in the outer cavity has sufficient energy absorption capacity. The control center is used to receive monitoring data fed back by the environmental monitoring module, and after analysis, to control the working status of the high-concentration gas extraction unit, the low-concentration gas mobile in-situ utilization unit, and the medium-concentration gas controllable combustion and rock breaking unit.

2. The intelligent collaborative system for the graded utilization of multi-concentration methane in deep coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas storage module is connected to the high-concentration gas extraction unit through pipelines and control valves. When the pressure of the gas storage module exceeds the preset pressure threshold, the communication control module opens the control valve to allow the excess gas in the gas storage module to enter the high-concentration gas extraction unit and be extracted to the ground until the internal pressure drops below the preset pressure threshold and the control valve is closed.

3. The intelligent collaborative system for the graded utilization of multi-concentration methane in deep coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water inlet / outlet is used to inject water into the outer cavity, making the outer cavity a buffer layer of the first shell; the safety pressure relief valve is used to automatically open and drain the water when the water pressure in the outer cavity exceeds the safety value; one end of the premixed gas pipe passes through the first shell and is connected to the premixed gas inlet, used to inject medium concentration methane into the inner cavity; the ignition device is used to ignite the medium concentration methane to cause it to explode and carry out the required rock breaking operation.

4. The intelligent collaborative system for the graded utilization of multi-concentration methane in deep coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nitrogen injection valve is mounted on the second housing, and one end of the nitrogen injection pipe passes through the first housing and is connected to the nitrogen injection valve. When the nitrogen injection valve is opened by the control center, nitrogen is injected into the inner cavity through the nitrogen injection pipe to terminate the gas combustion and explosion. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the gas pressure value of the inner cavity and feeds it back to the control center through the communication control module to ensure that the premixed gas concentration is within the combustion and explosion range.

5. The intelligent collaborative system for the graded utilization of multi-concentration methane in deep coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental monitoring module is a five-in-one environmental monitoring and analysis instrument, which can monitor methane concentration, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and temperature in real time, and feed back to the control center through the communication control module.

6. A method for operating an intelligent collaborative system for the graded utilization of multi-concentration methane in deep coal mines according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: High-concentration methane with a concentration of not less than 30% collected underground is transported directly to the surface through underground extraction boreholes and vertical shaft transportation pipelines using a high-concentration methane extraction unit for centralized utilization. Step 2: Low-concentration methane collected underground with a concentration of less than 8% is purified to high-concentration methane by the methane purification module of the low-concentration methane mobile in-situ utilization unit and stored in the methane storage module. The power module uses the methane in the methane storage module to convert into power to drive the intelligent inspection vehicle. The environmental monitoring module monitors the surrounding environmental data in real time and feeds it back to the control center. If the methane concentration in the surrounding environment exceeds the first preset concentration threshold, the control center issues a control command, which, through the communication control module, causes the methane purification module to stop working and issues an early warning. If the pressure in the methane storage module exceeds the preset pressure threshold, the control center opens the control valve through the communication control module to allow excess gas in the methane storage module to enter the high-concentration methane extraction unit and be extracted to the ground until the internal pressure drops below the preset pressure threshold and the control valve is closed. Step 3: Medium-concentration methane collected underground, with a concentration between 8% and 30%, is transported to the medium-concentration methane controlled combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit. The medium-concentration methane ignites and explodes within the inner cavity. Because it is surrounded by water in the outer cavity, it can achieve flameless combustion and explosion at the rock-breaking location, inducing impact loads to efficiently assist mechanical breaking of hard rock or cutting the roof of hard rock. During the rock-breaking process, when the ambient methane concentration at the working face where the medium-concentration methane controlled combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit is located exceeds the second preset concentration threshold, the control center issues a control command to close the premixed gas inlet of the medium-concentration methane controlled combustion and explosion rock-breaking unit and open the nitrogen injection valve to inject nitrogen into the inner cavity, stopping the combustion and explosion process. Step 4: The control center continuously monitors and controls the processes in steps one through three to achieve graded utilization of gas at different concentrations.

7. The working method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first preset concentration threshold is 0.5%; the preset pressure threshold is 30 MPa; and the second preset concentration threshold is 0.8%.

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