A 3D printable digitalized analog motion model jaw

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of model body technology, and more particularly to a 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame, comprising: a model body; a detection unit; a data analysis unit for converting the geometric parameters of the human jawbone and mandibular motion trajectory data into solid printing data; a printing and forming unit for printing and forming the model body and a sacrificial shell on the surface of the model body according to the solid printing data; and a control unit for adjusting the thickness of the sacrificial shell of the maxillary component printed by the 3D printer according to the motion deviation of the model motion data, or adjusting the initial steam temperature of the steam polishing according to the dimensional deviation of the maxillary component, and adjusting the ventilation height of the molding chamber for ventilation of the mandibular component according to the fit clearance deviation between the maxillary and mandibular components. This invention improves the adaptability and accuracy of the model body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of model body technology, and in particular to a 3D printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, traditional model bodies simulate jaw movement through mechanical structures, which requires assembly with plaster models and manual adjustment of components to match the patient's jaw movement. Common methods include fixing the upper and lower jaws with plaster models, which requires complex mechanical components to simulate movement, but have low customizability and are cumbersome to assemble. Digital jaw models are generated through 3D scanning, but the model still needs to be installed on the physical model body, which is a complex process and limited in personalization.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN115363796A discloses a method, apparatus, and device for simulating mandibular movement based on a virtual model ontology. The method includes: acquiring a pre-established virtual model ontology, the virtual model ontology including a craniomaxillary coordinate system and a mandibular coordinate system, and adding laser-scanned tooth models to the craniomaxillary coordinate system and the mandibular coordinate system; acquiring the positions of hinge axis points corresponding to the left and right temporomandibular joints in the mandibular coordinate system, and connecting the hinge axis points to form a hinge axis for mandibular rotational movement; acquiring mandibular movement parameters in the craniomaxillary coordinate system; controlling the mandibular model in the laser-scanned tooth model to link with the hinge axis, and performing forward, backward, left and right, up and down, and / or opening and closing movements in the virtual model ontology according to the mandibular movement parameters in the craniomaxillary coordinate system, thereby simulating mandibular movement in the virtual model ontology. Therefore, it can be seen that the aforementioned mandibular motion simulation method, device, and equipment based on virtual model ontology have the following problems: due to the large aspect ratio of the long beam structure, even if each layer has only a small shrinkage, the absolute shrinkage in the length direction is amplified, resulting in the printed beam being shorter and bent than the design size. Due to the enclosed structure, the internal curing conditions are uneven. The external exposed area is fully cured and has large shrinkage, while the internal enclosed area has insufficient light and insufficient curing, resulting in small shrinkage and subsequent slow shrinkage in the air, leading to mismatch deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address this, the present invention provides a 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame to overcome the problems in the prior art where the long beam structure has a large aspect ratio, and even if each layer has only a small shrinkage, the absolute shrinkage in the length direction is amplified, resulting in the printed beam being shorter and bent than the design size. Due to the enclosed structure, the internal curing conditions are uneven, with the external exposed area curing fully and shrinking greatly, while the internal enclosed area has insufficient light and curing, resulting in less shrinkage and subsequent slow shrinkage in the air, leading to mismatch deformation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame, comprising:

[0006] The model body includes a maxillary component for simulating condylar movement, a mandibular component connected to the maxillary component for limiting the range of motion of the maxillary component, and a jawbone model component connected to the mandibular component.

[0007] The detection unit, which is connected to the model body, is used to detect the geometric parameters of the human jawbone and the mandibular movement trajectory data, as well as the printed geometric data and model motion data of the model body.

[0008] A data analysis unit, connected to the detection unit, is used to convert the geometric parameters of the human jawbone and the mandibular movement trajectory data into physical printing data. This includes a data processing component for generating simulated geometric data of the model body based on the jawbone geometric parameters, a data processing component for generating the protrusion opening angle and lateral angle based on the mandibular movement trajectory data, and a simulation component connected to the data processing component for simulating the protrusion movement of the model body based on the protrusion opening angle and the lateral angle to obtain protrusion simulation data, and generating the physical printing data based on the simulation results.

[0009] A printing unit, connected to the data analysis unit, is used to print the model body and the sacrificial shell on the surface of the model body according to the physical printing data. It includes a 3D printer and a molding chamber for sequentially steam polishing and ventilation of the printed model body.

[0010] The control unit, which is connected to the detection unit, the data analysis unit, and the printing unit respectively, is used to adjust the thickness of the sacrificial shell of the maxillary component printed by the 3D printer according to the motion deviation of the model motion data, or to adjust the initial steam temperature of the steam polishing according to the dimensional deviation of the maxillary component, and to adjust the ventilation height of the molding chamber for ventilation of the mandibular component according to the fit gap deviation between the maxillary component and the mandibular component.

[0011] Furthermore, the maxillary assembly includes:

[0012] The ball joint head is used to simulate the condyle of the human jawbone;

[0013] A cylindrical middle section, which is connected to the ball joint head, is used to limit the translational range of the ball joint head in the horizontal direction.

[0014] Furthermore, the mandibular assembly includes:

[0015] A ball groove, which engages with the surface of the ball joint head on the side away from the cylindrical middle section, to limit the rotation angle of the ball joint head in the vertical plane;

[0016] The protruding opening is connected to the ball groove to simulate the condylar inclination of the human jawbone.

[0017] Furthermore, the control unit is connected to the detection unit and the printing unit respectively, to obtain the motion deviation between the forward simulation data and the model motion data, and to reduce the thickness of the sacrificial shell on the surface of the ball joint head according to the comparison result that the motion deviation is greater than or equal to a preset second motion deviation.

[0018] Wherein, the motion deviation is the maximum value of the distance between the corresponding points on the path of the forward extension simulation data and the model motion data.

[0019] Furthermore, the detection unit includes:

[0020] A facial arch electronic sensor is used to detect the geometric parameters of the jawbone;

[0021] An intraoral scanner is used to detect the mandibular movement trajectory data;

[0022] A 3D scanner, connected to the model body, is used to detect the printed geometry data and motion data of the model body.

[0023] Furthermore, the control unit is used to obtain the size deviation of the ball joint head under the condition that the motion deviation is greater than or equal to a preset first motion deviation and less than the preset second motion deviation, and to increase the initial steam temperature for steam polishing according to the comparison result that the size deviation is greater than or equal to the preset size deviation.

[0024] The dimensional deviation is the absolute value of the difference between the diameter of the ball joint head in the printed geometry data and the diameter of the simulated ball joint head in the simulated geometry data.

[0025] Furthermore, the increase in the initial steam temperature is determined based on the difference between the dimensional deviation and the preset dimensional deviation.

[0026] Furthermore, the motion deviation is the maximum value of the distance between the corresponding points on the path between the forward simulation data and the model motion data.

[0027] Furthermore, the control unit is also used to obtain the fit clearance deviation of the dimensional deviation of the ball joint head and the ball groove, and to increase the ventilation height between the ventilation position on the inner wall of the molding chamber after the mandibular component is printed and the top of the model body according to the comparison result that the fit clearance deviation is less than or equal to a preset deviation;

[0028] Wherein, the fit clearance deviation is the difference between the dimensional deviation of the ball joint head and the dimensional deviation of the ball groove.

[0029] Furthermore, the increase in ventilation height is determined based on the difference between the fit clearance deviation and the preset deviation.

[0030] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: the model body of this invention, by setting up maxillary components, mandibular components, and jawbone model components, achieves high-precision simulation of human mandibular movement, overcoming the problems of structural shrinkage and uneven curing in traditional 3D printed model bodies, and significantly improving printing accuracy and structural stability; by setting up a detection unit, the geometric parameters of the human jawbone and the mandibular movement trajectory can be accurately acquired, providing data support for personalized modeling and avoiding occlusal errors caused by mismatch between structural design and actual movement; the data analysis unit converts the collected data into physical printing data, and combines it with the simulation unit to simulate the protrusion and lateral angles of the mandibular movement, ensuring that the movement trajectory of the printed model body during simulated movement is highly consistent with the actual mandibular movement; the printing molding unit prints the model body... The model body and sacrificial shell protect the joint surface from direct contact with the supporting structure during printing and also isolate it from air to prevent oxidation. After printing, the sacrificial shell is peeled off or soaked in solvent to expose the smooth surface underneath. The thickness of the sacrificial shell is adjusted to compensate for dimensional deviations caused by material shrinkage, thus improving molding accuracy. The control unit dynamically adjusts the thickness of the sacrificial shell, steam polishing temperature, and vent position based on motion deviation, dimensional deviation, and fit clearance deviation. Steam slightly melts and flows with the surface of the spherical joint head, automatically filling microscopic layer defects on the surface, thereby significantly reducing surface roughness. Afterward, the steam is discharged and ventilation gas is introduced to terminate the reaction. This process does not require physical contact and does not change the macroscopic geometric accuracy of the part, but it improves the surface finish and enhances the adaptability and accuracy of the model body.

[0031] Furthermore, the model body described in this invention simulates the three-dimensional movement trajectory of the human condyle by setting a ball joint head and a cylindrical intermediate section. The cylindrical intermediate section restricts the translational range of the ball joint head in the horizontal direction, thereby achieving precise constraint on the movement of the mandible and ensuring the stability and repeatability of the simulated movement.

[0032] Furthermore, the mandibular component of the present invention simulates the rotation and protrusion of the human mandible in a vertical plane by setting a ball groove that cooperates with the ball joint head and a protrusion opening. The protrusion opening is designed according to the condylar guide slope to ensure that the printed model body is consistent with the actual physiological movement during simulated movement, thereby reducing malocclusion and movement incoordination problems caused by structural deviations.

[0033] Furthermore, the control unit of the present invention reduces the thickness of the sacrificial shell on the surface of the ball joint head according to the amount of motion deviation. When the motion trajectory deviation is large, the thickness of the sacrificial shell is reduced to reduce the impact of structural shrinkage on motion accuracy, thereby improving the accuracy of simulated motion. At the same time, it avoids additional stress deformation caused by excessively thick sacrificial shell and improves the printing success rate.

[0034] Furthermore, the control unit of the present invention increases the initial steam temperature of steam polishing according to the dimensional deviation. When the dimensional deviation is large, it uses high-temperature steam to reshape the surface of the printed part, effectively compensating for the dimensional reduction caused by material shrinkage, improving the geometric accuracy of the ball joint head, ensuring its tight fit with the ball groove, and thus improving the motion accuracy and engagement matching of the model body.

[0035] Furthermore, the control unit of the present invention adjusts the position of the ventilation opening after the mandibular component is printed by adjusting the fit clearance deviation between the ball joint head and the ball groove. When the fit clearance is too small, the position of the ventilation opening is raised, so that the cold air used for curing naturally sinks and passes through the mandibular component to wrap the position of the ball joint head. This allows the connection position of the mandibular component to better contact the air to achieve curing, so as to avoid the difference in the curing rate between the internal space and the outside of the connection position, which would cause the degree of contracture to differ. This increases the air circulation efficiency, accelerates the release of internal residual stress, reduces subsequent deformation caused by uneven curing of the internal structure, and improves the long-term stability of the overall structure.

[0036] Furthermore, the system described in this invention effectively controls the impact of material shrinkage on printing accuracy by combining internal hollow printing with a sacrificial shell. The sacrificial shell can be removed after printing, reserving the necessary movement space and fitting gap for the structure, avoiding material accumulation and shrinkage accumulation problems caused by solid printing, while saving printing materials, shortening printing time, and improving production efficiency.

[0037] Furthermore, the system described in this invention performs post-processing on the printed parts through steam polishing and ventilation. In the steam polishing stage, the surface finish and dimensional accuracy are adjusted by controlling the initial steam temperature. In the ventilation stage, the stress release and residual curing reaction are accelerated by adjusting the position of the ventilation openings, thereby reducing mismatch deformation caused by post-curing shrinkage and improving the structural integrity and performance of the model body. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main body structure of the 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the maxillary component structure of the 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mandibular component structure of a 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the overall structure of the 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] The symbols in the attached diagram are explained as follows: 1-Cylindrical middle section, 2-Crown, 3-Spherical joint head, 4-Spherical groove, 5-Protruding opening. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0044] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0046] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 As shown, these are schematic diagrams of the model body structure, maxillary component structure, mandibular component structure, and overall structure of the 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] An embodiment of the present invention provides a 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame, comprising:

[0049] The model body includes a maxillary component for simulating condylar movement, a mandibular component connected to the maxillary component for limiting the range of motion of the maxillary component, and a jawbone model component connected to the mandibular component.

[0050] The detection unit, which is connected to the model body, is used to detect the geometric parameters of the human jawbone and the mandibular movement trajectory data, as well as the printed geometric data and model motion data of the model body.

[0051] A data analysis unit, connected to the detection unit, is used to convert the geometric parameters of the human jawbone and the mandibular movement trajectory data into physical printing data. This includes a data processing component for generating simulated geometric data of the model body based on the jawbone geometric parameters, a data processing component for generating the protrusion opening angle and lateral angle based on the mandibular movement trajectory data, and a simulation component connected to the data processing component for simulating the protrusion movement of the model body based on the protrusion opening angle and the lateral angle to obtain protrusion simulation data, and generating the physical printing data based on the simulation results.

[0052] A printing unit, connected to the data analysis unit, is used to print the model body and the sacrificial shell on the surface of the model body according to the physical printing data. It includes a 3D printer and a molding chamber for sequentially steam polishing and ventilation of the printed model body.

[0053] The control unit, which is connected to the detection unit, the data analysis unit, and the printing unit respectively, is used to adjust the thickness of the sacrificial shell of the maxillary component printed by the 3D printer according to the motion deviation of the model motion data, or to adjust the initial steam temperature of the steam polishing according to the dimensional deviation of the maxillary component, and to adjust the ventilation height of the molding chamber for ventilation of the mandibular component according to the fit gap deviation between the maxillary component and the mandibular component.

[0054] Specifically, the jawbone model component includes a frame and a crown connected to the frame, wherein the height of the frame is greater than the height of the crown.

[0055] Specifically, the jawbone geometric parameters include the three-dimensional data of the maxilla, the three-dimensional data of the mandible, the three-dimensional data of the jawbone, the crown morphology, the condylar morphology, and the tooth morphology of the subject.

[0056] The mandibular motion trajectory data includes the trajectory of the mandible during protrusion and the trajectory of the non-working condyle during lateral movement. The trajectory of the mandible during protrusion includes the movement path of the incisal edge of the lower anterior teeth in three-dimensional space. The trajectory of the non-working condyle during lateral movement is, for example, the movement trajectory of the right condyle when moving from the intercuspal position to the left. The data format of the mandibular motion trajectory data is the position and posture of the mandible in three-dimensional space that changes over time.

[0057] The printed geometry data includes the surface shape of the ball joint head, the length and diameter of the cylindrical middle section, and the surface shape of the ball groove;

[0058] The model motion data includes the movement trajectory of the cylindrical middle section and the movement trajectory of the ball joint head in the ball groove;

[0059] The physical printing data includes the sacrificial shell dimensions and the nozzle path of the 3D printer;

[0060] Simulated geometric data is three-dimensional model data in the data processing component, which maps the geometric parameters of the jawbone and is represented as a digital three-dimensional model that is consistent with the anatomical structure of the maxilla, mandible, and jawbone of the subject.

[0061] The forward protrusion simulation data simulates the movement trajectory of the cylindrical middle segment and the ball joint head in the ball groove within the range of the forward protrusion opening angle and the lateral angle of the mandible during forward protrusion movement.

[0062] Specifically, the 3D printer uses SLA technology to print with a surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm.

[0063] Specifically, the forward opening angle ranges from [15°, 60°]; the lateral angle ranges from (0°, 20°).

[0064] Specifically, the detection unit includes:

[0065] Facebone electronic sensors are used to detect the geometric parameters of the human jawbone. Examples of facebone electronic sensors include Kavo Artex and Zebris.

[0066] An intraoral scanner is used to detect mandibular movement trajectory data;

[0067] A 3D scanner is used to inspect the printed geometry and motion data of the model body.

[0068] Specifically, the geometric parameters of the human jawbone and the data on the movement trajectory of the mandible can also be detected by taking a forward-facing CBCT scan of the human body.

[0069] Specifically, the data processing components include:

[0070] A CAD engine used to generate simulated geometric data for the model body;

[0071] MATLAB is used to generate the protrusion opening angle and lateral angle based on mandibular movement trajectory data.

[0072] Specifically, the use of MATLAB to generate the forward opening angle and lateral angle is a well-known existing technique and will not be elaborated here.

[0073] Specifically, the data processing component works by reading the jawbone geometric parameters detected by the facial arch electronic sensor and reconstructing them into three-dimensional simulated geometric data; marking anatomical points, including the bilateral condylar apex, hinge axis, glenoid fossa concavity, mandibular notch, and occlusal contact points of the teeth; registering the marked anatomical points to fit the jawbone geometry, thereby generating accurate simulated geometric data of the model body; and analyzing the mandibular movement trajectory data to determine the trajectory of the mandible during protrusion and the movement trajectory of the non-working condyle during lateral movements. The mandibular protrusion can be decomposed into translation in the horizontal plane and rotation in the sagittal plane. In the sagittal plane, using the mandibular tangent point as the central reference point, the rotation angle change of the mandibular body during protrusion is calculated and recorded as the protrusion opening angle. The angle formed by the projection of the non-working condyle's movement on the horizontal plane and the sagittal plane during lateral movements is the lateral angle.

[0074] Specifically, the data processing component determines the anterior-posterior position of the model body by simulating the tangent pointer of the model body pointing to and contacting the mandibular tangent; it determines the vertical position of the model body by imagining the occlusal plane formed by the mandibular tangent and the distal buccal apex of the bilateral last molars and matching it with the occlusal plane of the jaw frame; and it determines the left-right position of the model body by ensuring that the left and right widths of the model are consistent with the midline of the jaw frame.

[0075] Specifically, embodiments of the simulation components include ADAMS, Simscape, and Simscape Multibody.

[0076] Specifically, the simulation component works by defining kinematic pairs for the simulated geometric data of the model body, such as defining a ball-and-socket joint between the condyle and the concave surface of the glenoid fossa, and limiting the motion according to the forward opening angle and the lateral angle. Multiple motion drives are performed on the simulated geometric data of the model body after defining the kinematic pairs to verify whether the simulated motion range matches the input human motion trajectory data, and the simulation results are output. The simulation results include stress concentration areas, joint contact pressure distribution, and sacrificial shell dimensions. Based on the simulation results, the printing data of the three-dimensional model entity, including the model body and the sacrificial shell, is input to the printing unit and printed according to the nozzle path of the 3D printer.

[0077] Specifically, the molding chamber includes:

[0078] chamber body;

[0079] A steam inlet, which is connected to the chamber body, is used to release heated steam material;

[0080] The steam recovery port is connected to the chamber body and is used to recover the steam material after steam polishing.

[0081] An ultraviolet lamp, which is installed on the side wall of the chamber body, is used to irradiate and cure the model body that has been steam polished with ultraviolet light;

[0082] Ventilation openings, which are connected to the main body of the chamber, are used to introduce cold air into the main body of the chamber;

[0083] Ventilation ducts are used to adjust the height of the ventilation openings within the chamber body.

[0084] Specifically, examples of steam materials for steam polishing include acetone and chloroform vapors.

[0085] In implementation, the model body described in this invention achieves high-precision simulation of human mandibular movement by setting up maxillary components, mandibular components, and jawbone model components. This overcomes the problems of structural shrinkage and uneven curing in traditional 3D printed model bodies, significantly improving printing accuracy and structural stability. By setting up a detection unit, the geometric parameters of the human jawbone and the mandibular movement trajectory can be accurately acquired, providing data support for personalized modeling and avoiding occlusal errors caused by mismatch between structural design and actual movement. The data analysis unit converts the collected data into physical printing data, and the simulation unit simulates the mandibular movement in terms of protrusion and lateral angles, ensuring that the movement trajectory of the printed model body during simulated movement is highly consistent with the actual mandibular movement. The printing molding unit prints the model body and the sacrificial shell. During the printing process, the joint surface is protected from direct contact with the supporting structure, and air is isolated to prevent oxidation. After printing, the sacrificial shell is peeled off or soaked in solvent to expose the smooth surface underneath. The thickness of the sacrificial shell is adjusted to compensate for dimensional deviations caused by material shrinkage, thus improving molding accuracy. The control unit dynamically adjusts the thickness of the sacrificial shell, steam polishing temperature, and vent position based on motion deviation, dimensional deviation, and fit clearance deviation. Steam slightly melts and flows with the surface of the ball joint head, automatically filling microscopic layer defects on the surface, thereby significantly reducing surface roughness. Afterward, the steam is discharged and ventilation gas is introduced to terminate the reaction. This process does not require physical contact and does not change the macroscopic geometric accuracy of the part, but it improves the surface finish and enhances the adaptability and accuracy of the model body.

[0086] Specifically, the maxillary assembly includes:

[0087] The ball joint head is used to simulate the condyle of the human jawbone;

[0088] A cylindrical middle section, which is connected to the ball joint head, is used to limit the translational range of the ball joint head in the horizontal direction.

[0089] In practice, the model body described in this invention simulates the three-dimensional movement trajectory of the human condyle by setting a ball joint head and a cylindrical intermediate section. The cylindrical intermediate section restricts the translation range of the ball joint head in the horizontal direction, thereby achieving precise constraint on the movement of the mandible and ensuring the stability and repeatability of the simulated movement.

[0090] Specifically, the mandibular component includes:

[0091] A ball groove, which engages with the surface of the ball joint head on the side away from the cylindrical middle section, to limit the rotation angle of the ball joint head in the vertical plane;

[0092] The protruding opening is connected to the ball groove to simulate the condylar inclination of the human jawbone.

[0093] In practice, the mandibular component of the present invention simulates the rotation and protrusion of the human mandible in the vertical plane by setting a ball groove and a protrusion opening that cooperate with the ball joint head. The protrusion opening is designed according to the condylar guide slope to ensure that the printed model body is consistent with the actual physiological movement during simulated movement, thereby reducing malocclusion and movement incoordination problems caused by structural deviations.

[0094] Specifically, the control unit is connected to the detection unit and the printing unit respectively, and is used to obtain the motion deviation between the forward simulation data and the model motion data, and to reduce the thickness of the sacrificial shell on the surface of the ball joint head according to the comparison result that the motion deviation is greater than or equal to a preset second motion deviation.

[0095] Wherein, the motion deviation is the maximum value of the distance between the corresponding points on the path of the forward extension simulation data and the model motion data.

[0096] Specifically, under the conditions that the model height of the model body is 34mm, the printing material is photosensitive resin, and the printing layer thickness is 50μm, the general range of the preset first motion deviation is [0.18mm, 0.3mm], the general range of the preset second motion deviation is [0.45mm, 0.54mm], the preferred embodiment of the preset first motion deviation is 0.2mm, and the preferred embodiment of the preset second motion deviation is 0.5mm.

[0097] Those skilled in the art will understand that the selectable range of the preset first motion deviation and the preset second motion deviation provided in this embodiment, as well as the preferred embodiment, are the values ​​that best address the technical problem solved by the technical solution of this invention, selected under the conditions that the model height of the model body is 34mm, the printing material is photosensitive resin, and the printing layer thickness is 50μm. In actual applications or experiments, those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the preset first motion deviation and the preset second motion deviation according to the actual application environment and application scenario.

[0098] In practice, if the difference between the motion deviation and the preset second motion deviation increases by 0.1mm, the thickness of the sacrificial shell decreases by 0.1mm. For example, if the difference between the motion deviation and the preset second motion deviation is 0.3mm and the current thickness of the sacrificial shell is 1mm, then the thickness of the sacrificial shell will decrease to 1mm-0.1mm×2=0.8mm.

[0099] In practice, the control unit of the present invention reduces the thickness of the sacrificial shell on the surface of the ball joint head according to the amount of motion deviation. When the motion trajectory deviation is large, the thickness of the sacrificial shell is reduced to reduce the impact of structural shrinkage on motion accuracy, thereby improving the accuracy of simulated motion. At the same time, it avoids additional stress deformation caused by excessively thick sacrificial shell and improves the printing success rate.

[0100] Specifically, the control unit is used to obtain the size deviation of the ball joint head under the condition that the motion deviation is greater than or equal to a preset first motion deviation and less than the preset second motion deviation, and to increase the initial steam temperature for steam polishing according to the comparison result that the size deviation is greater than or equal to the preset size deviation.

[0101] The dimensional deviation is the absolute value of the difference between the diameter of the ball joint head in the printed geometry data and the diameter of the simulated ball joint head in the simulated geometry data.

[0102] Specifically, the increase in the initial steam temperature is determined based on the difference between the dimensional deviation and the preset dimensional deviation.

[0103] Specifically, under the conditions that the model height of the model body is 34mm, the printing material is photosensitive resin, and the printing layer thickness is 50μm, the general range of the preset size deviation is [0.05mm, 0.2mm], and the preferred embodiment of the preset size deviation is 0.1mm.

[0104] Those skilled in the art will understand that the selectable range of the preset size deviation amount and the preferred embodiment provided in this embodiment are the values ​​that are most effective in solving the technical problem of the present invention under the conditions that the model height of the model body is 34mm, the printing material is photosensitive resin, and the printing layer thickness is 50μm. In actual applications or experiments, those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the preset size deviation amount according to the actual application environment and application scenario.

[0105] In practice, if the difference between the dimensional deviation and the preset dimensional deviation exceeds 0.01 mm, the initial steam temperature will increase by 2℃. For example, if the difference between the dimensional deviation and the preset dimensional deviation is 0.04 mm and the current initial steam temperature is 70℃, then the initial steam temperature will increase to 70℃ + 2℃ × 4 = 78℃.

[0106] In practice, the control unit of the present invention increases the initial steam temperature of steam polishing according to the dimensional deviation. When the dimensional deviation is large, high-temperature steam is used to reshape the surface of the printed part, which effectively compensates for the size reduction caused by material shrinkage, improves the geometric accuracy of the ball joint head, ensures its tight fit with the ball groove, and thus improves the motion accuracy and engagement matching of the model body.

[0107] Specifically, the motion deviation is the maximum value of the distance between the corresponding points on the path of the forward extension simulation data and the model motion data.

[0108] Specifically, the control unit is also used to obtain the fit clearance deviation of the dimensional deviation of the ball joint head and the ball groove, and to increase the ventilation height between the ventilation position on the inner wall of the molding chamber after the mandibular component is printed and the top of the model body according to the comparison result that the fit clearance deviation is less than or equal to a preset deviation;

[0109] Wherein, the fit clearance deviation is the difference between the dimensional deviation of the ball joint head and the dimensional deviation of the ball groove.

[0110] Specifically, the ventilation height is the vertical distance between the location of the ventilation opening and the top of the model body.

[0111] Specifically, the dimensional deviation of the spherical groove is the absolute value of the difference between the diameter of the spherical groove in the printed geometry data and the diameter of the simulated spherical groove in the simulated geometry data.

[0112] Specifically, the increase in ventilation height is determined based on the difference between the fit clearance deviation and the preset deviation.

[0113] Specifically, under the conditions that the model height of the model body is 34mm, the printing material is photosensitive resin, and the printing layer thickness is 50μm, the general range of the preset deviation is [0.02mm, 0.6mm], and the preferred embodiment of the preset deviation is 0.04mm.

[0114] Those skilled in the art will understand that the selectable range of the preset deviation and the preferred embodiment provided in this embodiment are the values ​​that are most effective in solving the technical problem of the present invention under the conditions that the model height of the model body is 34mm, the printing material is photosensitive resin, and the printing layer thickness is 50μm. In actual applications or experiments, those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the preset deviation according to the actual application environment and application scenario.

[0115] In practice, if the difference between the fitting clearance deviation and the preset deviation exceeds 0.01mm, the ventilation height of the vent will increase by 10mm. For example, if the difference between the fitting clearance deviation and the preset deviation is 0.05mm and the current ventilation height is 10mm, then the ventilation height will increase to 10mm + 10mm × 5 = 60mm.

[0116] In practice, the control unit of this invention adjusts the position of the ventilation opening after the mandibular component is printed based on the deviation of the fit gap between the ball joint head and the ball groove. When the fit gap is too small, the position of the ventilation opening is raised, allowing the cold air used for curing to naturally sink and then pass through the mandibular component to wrap around the ball joint head. This allows the connection position of the mandibular component to better contact the air for curing, avoiding differences in the curing rate between the internal space and the outside environment, which could lead to differences in the degree of contraction. This increases air circulation efficiency, accelerates the release of internal residual stress, reduces subsequent deformation caused by uneven curing of the internal structure, and improves the long-term stability of the overall structure.

[0117] In practice, the system described in this invention effectively controls the impact of material shrinkage on printing accuracy by combining internal hollow printing with a sacrificial shell. The sacrificial shell can be removed after printing, leaving the necessary space for movement and fit for the structure, avoiding material accumulation and shrinkage problems caused by solid printing, while saving printing materials, shortening printing time, and improving production efficiency.

[0118] In practice, the system described in this invention performs post-processing on the printed parts through steam polishing and ventilation. During the steam polishing stage, the surface smoothness and dimensional accuracy are adjusted by controlling the initial steam temperature. During the ventilation stage, the stress release and residual curing reaction are accelerated by adjusting the position of the ventilation openings, thereby reducing mismatch deformation caused by post-curing shrinkage and improving the structural integrity and performance of the model body.

[0119] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame, characterized in that, include: The model body includes a maxillary component for simulating condylar movement, a mandibular component connected to the maxillary component for limiting the range of motion of the maxillary component, and a jawbone model component connected to the mandibular component. The detection unit, which is connected to the model body, is used to detect the geometric parameters of the human jawbone and the mandibular movement trajectory data, as well as the printed geometric data and model motion data of the model body. A data analysis unit, connected to the detection unit, is used to convert the geometric parameters of the human jawbone and the mandibular movement trajectory data into physical printing data. This includes a data processing component for generating simulated geometric data of the model body based on the jawbone geometric parameters, a data processing component for generating the protrusion opening angle and lateral angle based on the mandibular movement trajectory data, and a simulation component connected to the data processing component for simulating the protrusion movement of the model body based on the protrusion opening angle and the lateral angle to obtain protrusion simulation data, and generating the physical printing data based on the simulation results. A printing unit, connected to the data analysis unit, is used to print the model body and the sacrificial shell on the surface of the model body according to the physical printing data. It includes a 3D printer and a molding chamber for sequentially steam polishing and ventilation of the printed model body. The control unit, which is connected to the detection unit, the data analysis unit, and the printing unit respectively, is used to adjust the thickness of the sacrificial shell of the maxillary component printed by the 3D printer according to the motion deviation of the model motion data, or to adjust the initial steam temperature of the steam polishing according to the dimensional deviation of the maxillary component, and to adjust the ventilation height of the molding chamber for ventilation of the mandibular component according to the fit gap deviation between the maxillary component and the mandibular component.

2. The 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maxillary assembly includes: The ball joint head is used to simulate the condyle of the human jawbone; A cylindrical middle section, which is connected to the ball joint head, is used to limit the translational range of the ball joint head in the horizontal direction.

3. The 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mandibular assembly includes: A ball groove, which engages with the surface of the ball joint head on the side away from the cylindrical middle section, to limit the rotation angle of the ball joint head in the vertical plane; The protruding opening is connected to the ball groove to simulate the condylar inclination of the human jawbone.

4. The 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control unit is connected to the detection unit and the printing unit respectively, and is used to obtain the motion deviation between the forward simulation data and the model motion data, and to reduce the thickness of the sacrificial shell on the surface of the ball joint head according to the comparison result that the motion deviation is greater than or equal to a preset second motion deviation. Wherein, the motion deviation is the maximum value of the distance between the corresponding points on the path of the forward extension simulation data and the model motion data.

5. The 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame according to claim 4, characterized in that, The detection unit includes: A facial arch electronic sensor is used to detect the geometric parameters of the jawbone; An intraoral scanner is used to detect the mandibular movement trajectory data; A 3D scanner, connected to the model body, is used to detect the printed geometry data and motion data of the model body.

6. The 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control unit is used to obtain the size deviation of the ball joint head under the condition that the motion deviation is greater than or equal to a preset first motion deviation and less than the preset second motion deviation, and to increase the initial steam temperature for steam polishing according to the comparison result that the size deviation is greater than or equal to the preset size deviation. The dimensional deviation is the absolute value of the difference between the diameter of the ball joint head in the printed geometry data and the diameter of the simulated ball joint head in the simulated geometry data.

7. The 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame according to claim 6, characterized in that, The increase in the initial steam temperature is determined based on the difference between the dimensional deviation and the preset dimensional deviation.

8. The 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame according to claim 7, characterized in that, The motion deviation is the maximum value of the distance between the corresponding points on the path of the forward extension simulation data and the model motion data.

9. The 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control unit is also used to obtain the fit clearance deviation of the dimensional deviation of the ball joint head and the ball groove, and to increase the ventilation height between the ventilation position on the inner wall of the molding chamber after the mandibular component is printed and the top of the model body according to the comparison result that the fit clearance deviation is less than or equal to a preset deviation; Wherein, the fit clearance deviation is the difference between the dimensional deviation of the ball joint head and the dimensional deviation of the ball groove.

10. The 3D-printable digital simulation motion model jaw frame according to claim 9, characterized in that, The increase in ventilation height is determined based on the difference between the fit clearance deviation and the preset deviation.

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