A distributed micro-hole spray humidifying device for shelf mushroom house

Abstract

The application provides a distributed micro-hole spray humidifying device for a layer shelf mushroom house, which comprises a main frame body, a water tank and a plurality of spray units; the main frame body is sequentially fixed with an upper layer shelf rod and a plurality of horizontally arranged mist culture shelves from top to bottom; the water tank is communicated with a main water pipe; the spray units are correspondingly installed below the upper layer shelf rod and the mist culture shelves; the spray units comprise branch air pipes, branch water pipes, a main air pipe and a spray mechanism; the branch water pipes are communicated with the main water pipe through three-way joints, and the branch air pipes are communicated with the main air pipe through three-way joints; the distributed and hierarchical spray unit layout is adopted, the spray mechanism is independently arranged below each mist culture shelf and the upper layer shelf rod, the uniform humidity control can be realized for different areas of the layer shelf mushroom house, and the problems of uneven humidity in upper and lower layers and local excessive humidity in the traditional humidifying mode are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a distributed microporous spray humidification device for shelf-type mushroom houses, belonging to the field of cultivation environment control technology. Background Technology

[0002] Edible fungi have extremely high humidity requirements during their growth, especially in tiered mushroom houses. Uneven humidity distribution between layers directly affects mycelial development and fruiting body formation. Currently, common humidification methods include high-pressure spraying, ultrasonic humidification, and evaporative cooling pads. However, these methods generally suffer from problems such as coarse atomized particles, uneven humidity distribution, easy water accumulation, high energy consumption, or complex maintenance. While high-pressure pumps can atomize water and spray it out, resulting in high humidification efficiency, they also have issues such as large droplet size, easy wetting of the surface of the mushroom bags, and localized over-humidification leading to the growth of miscellaneous bacteria. Existing technologies using ultrasonic atomization can produce fine water mist, but they require high water quality and often need frequent cleaning of the transducer, resulting in high maintenance costs. Furthermore, they are difficult to achieve uniform diffusion in large spaces, especially in multi-layered structures. Therefore, this paper proposes a distributed microporous spray humidification device for tiered mushroom houses. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a distributed microporous spray humidification device for shelf-type mushroom houses to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art, and at least provides a beneficial option.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a distributed microporous spray humidification device for shelf-type mushroom houses, comprising a main frame, a water tank and multiple spray units; The main frame is fixed with upper-level frame rods and multiple horizontally arranged aeroponic racks from top to bottom; The water tank is connected to a main water pipe; The spraying unit is installed below the upper frame pole and the misting rack; the spraying unit includes branch air pipes, branch water pipes, a main air pipe and a spraying mechanism; the branch water pipes are connected to the main water pipes through a T-joint, the branch air pipes are connected to the main air pipes through a T-joint, and the main air pipes are connected to an external air source and are equipped with a controlled solenoid valve. The spraying mechanism includes a mixing tank, a main cylinder, and multiple atomizing nozzles. The mixing tank has an axially narrowed mixing throat inside, with an air pipe connector at its top that connects to the branch air pipe, and a water pipe connector on its side wall that connects to the branch water pipe. The outlet of the water pipe connector leads to the throat region of the mixing throat. The main cylinder is connected to the outlet of the mixing tank via a connecting pipe. Multiple liquid inlet branch pipes are evenly connected to the upper circumference of the main cylinder, and atomizing nozzles are installed at the ends of the liquid inlet branch pipes.

[0005] More preferably, a cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mixing tank, a piston is slidably connected inside the cylinder, a sealing ring is provided on the piston, an adjusting screw is rotatably connected to one side of the cylinder via a bearing, the adjusting screw is threaded to the cylinder, and one end extends to the outside of the cylinder and is fixedly connected to a handwheel; the piston drives a shear ring located inside the mixing tank and facing the outlet of the mixing throat via a connecting rod.

[0006] More preferably, guide plates are symmetrically arranged on the connecting rod, and guide grooves adapted to the shape of the guide plates are opened on the inner wall of the cylinder, and the guide plates are slidably embedded in the guide grooves.

[0007] More preferably, the main cylinder has an S-shaped baffle fixed inside to allow the fluid inside to flow along an S-shaped path, the bottom of the main cylinder is a conical hopper, the bottom end of the conical hopper is detachably sealed with a drain plug by a thread, and the conical hopper is filled with an activated carbon filter element above the drain plug.

[0008] More preferably, the inner hole at the connection between the liquid inlet branch pipe and the atomizing nozzle has a tapered opening.

[0009] More preferably, the atomizing nozzle has an atomizing plate press-fitted inside, and the atomizing plate has a plurality of atomizing micro-holes evenly distributed along the circumference; the atomizing nozzle also has a flow divider cone distributed circumferentially inside.

[0010] More preferably, each of the atomizing micropores includes a gradually expanding flare section and a gradually narrowing constriction section from its inlet to its outlet.

[0011] More preferably, the highest point of the branch water pipe between the connection point of the branch water pipe and the main water pipe and the connection point of the branch water pipe and the mixing tank is arranged at a position higher than the highest working liquid level of the water tank.

[0012] More preferably, the branch water pipe is made of a transparent or semi-transparent flexible plastic pipe.

[0013] More preferably, the end of the main water pipe is circulated back into the water tank, and the water tank and the misting rack are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and fixedly installed on the main frame.

[0014] The embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solutions: I. This invention adopts a distributed and hierarchical spray unit layout, with an independent spray mechanism set under each aeroponic rack and upper rack pole, which can achieve uniform humidity control for different areas of the tiered mushroom house, effectively solving the problems of uneven humidity between upper and lower layers and local over-humidity in traditional humidification methods.

[0015] Second, this invention utilizes a two-stage atomization mechanism of air-water synergy. At the mixing throat of the mixing tank, high-speed airflow is used to initially shear and break up the water flow, forming an air-liquid mixture. This mixture is then distributed through the main cylinder and atomized a second time by the end microporous atomizing nozzle, ultimately producing a fine and uniformly distributed water mist. This not only rapidly increases the ambient humidity but also prevents water accumulation on the surface of the bacterial bags, significantly reducing the risk of bacterial growth.

[0016] Third, the present invention can effectively capture and collect large water droplets remaining after atomization by setting an S-shaped baffle in the main cylinder; the activated carbon filter at the bottom can adsorb tiny impurities in the water and airflow; the two work together to prevent blockages from entering the terminal pipeline from the source and ensure long-term stable operation of the system.

[0017] The above overview is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the invention will become readily apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the spray mechanism in this invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the spray mechanism in this invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the liquid inlet branch pipe in this invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the atomizing nozzle in this invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the atomizing nozzle in this invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a broken view of the cylinder block in this invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of area A in the broken view of the cylinder block of the present invention.

[0027] in: 1-Main frame; 10-Upper rack; 11-Aeroponic rack; 2-Water tank; 20-Main water pipe; 21-T-connector; 22-Branch water pipe; 23-Main air pipe; 24-Branch air pipe; 3-Spraying mechanism; 30-Main cylinder; 31-Connecting pipe; 32-Mixing tank; 320-Water pipe connector; 321-Air pipe connector; 322-Mixing throat; 323-Gap section; 33-Liquid inlet branch pipe; 330-Tightening section; 34-S-shaped baffle; 35-Activated carbon filter element; 36-Drain plug; 37-Atomizing nozzle; 370-Atomizing plate; 371-Flow divider cone; 372-Atomizing micropores; 3720-Flanged section; 3721-Narrowed section; 38-Cylinder body; 380-Piston; 381-Adjusting screw; 382-Connecting rod; 383-Sealing ring; 384-Handwheel; 385-Guide plate; 386-Guide groove; 39-Shear ring. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. "Several" means one or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1-8 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a distributed microporous spray humidification device for a shelf-type mushroom house, including a main frame 1, a water tank 2, and multiple spray units; In one embodiment, an upper frame rod 10 and multiple horizontally arranged aeroponic racks 11 are sequentially fixed on the main frame 1 from top to bottom; a main water pipe 20 is connected to the water tank 2; a spraying unit is installed below the upper frame rod 10 and the aeroponic racks 11; the spraying unit includes branch air pipes 24, branch water pipes 22, a main air pipe 23, and a spraying mechanism 3; the branch water pipes 22 are connected to the main water pipe 20 through a three-way connector 21, the branch air pipes 24 are connected to the main air pipe 23 through a three-way connector 21, and the main air pipe 23 is connected to an external air source and is equipped with a controlled solenoid valve; the spraying... Mechanism 3 includes a mixing tank 32, a main cylinder 30, and multiple atomizing nozzles 37. The mixing tank 32 has an axially narrowed mixing throat 322 inside, and its top is provided with an air pipe connector 321 connected to the branch air pipe 24. Its side wall is provided with a water pipe connector 320 connected to the branch water pipe 22, and the outlet of the water pipe connector 320 leads to the throat area of ​​the mixing throat 322. The main cylinder 30 is connected to the outlet of the mixing tank 32 through a connecting pipe 31. Multiple liquid inlet branch pipes 33 are evenly connected to the upper circumference of the main cylinder 30, and the end of the liquid inlet branch pipe 33 is equipped with an atomizing nozzle 37.

[0034] In this implementation, a distributed humidification network is arranged so that each spraying unit independently serves the cultivation area above it. During operation, water enters the mixing tank 32 through the main water pipe 20 and the branch water pipe 22, while compressed air enters through the main air pipe 23 and the branch air pipe 24. At the throat of the mixing throat 322, the high-speed airflow shears and breaks up the water flow, completing atomization, ensuring the uniformity of humidification and solving the problem of uneven humidity in the upper and lower parts of the tiered mushroom house.

[0035] In one embodiment, a cylinder 38 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mixing tank 32, and a piston 380 is slidably connected inside the cylinder 38. A sealing ring 383 is provided on the piston 380. An adjusting screw 381 is rotatably connected to one side of the cylinder 38 via a bearing. The adjusting screw 381 is threaded onto the cylinder 38, and one end extends to the outside of the cylinder 38 and is fixedly connected to a handwheel 384. The piston 380 drives a shear ring 39 located inside the mixing tank 32 and facing the outlet of the mixing throat 322 via a connecting rod 382. Guide plates 385 are symmetrically arranged on the connecting rod 382. A guide groove 386 adapted to the shape of the guide plate 385 is opened on the inner wall of the cylinder 38, and the guide plate 385 is slidably embedded in the guide groove 386.

[0036] In this embodiment, rotating the handwheel 384 drives the adjusting screw 381 to rotate, pushing the piston 380 to move within the cylinder 38. This, in turn, drives the shear ring 39 closer to or further away from the outlet of the mixing throat 322 via the connecting rod 382. By changing the gap between the inner wall of the mixing tank 32 and the gap 323 formed by the shear ring 39, the flow rate and turbulence of the gas-liquid mixture can be adjusted, thereby controlling the fineness of the atomized particles. The cooperation between the guide plate 385 and the guide groove 386 ensures the smoothness and straightness of the movement of the connecting rod 382, ​​preventing deflection.

[0037] In one embodiment, the main cylinder 30 has an S-shaped baffle 34 fixed inside to allow the internal fluid to flow along an S-shaped path. The bottom of the main cylinder 30 is constructed as a conical hopper. The bottom end of the conical hopper is detachably sealed with a drain plug 36 by threads, and the conical hopper is filled with an activated carbon filter element 35 above the drain plug 36.

[0038] In this embodiment, the S-shaped baffle 34 causes the gas-liquid mixture to flow along an S-shaped path within the main cylinder 30. Its inertia causes large water droplets remaining after atomization to impact the baffle and converge and fall. The conical bucket structure facilitates the collection of these water droplets and impurities. The activated carbon filter element 35 can effectively adsorb tiny impurities carried in the water and airflow. The two work together to purify the atomized water that is about to enter the atomizing nozzle 37, preventing micropore clogging. The drain plug 36 facilitates regular cleaning of the collected material and replacement of the activated carbon filter element 35, making maintenance convenient.

[0039] In one embodiment, the inner hole at the connection between the liquid inlet branch pipe 33 and the atomizing nozzle 37 forms a tapered constriction portion 330. An atomizing plate 370 is press-fitted inside the atomizing nozzle 37, and the atomizing plate 370 has a plurality of atomizing micro-holes 372 evenly distributed along its circumference; a flow divider cone 371 is distributed circumferentially inside the atomizing nozzle 37. Each atomizing micro-hole 372 includes, from its inlet to its outlet, a gradually expanding flared section 3720 and a gradually constricting constricted section 3721.

[0040] In this embodiment, the constriction section 330 at the end of the liquid inlet branch pipe 33 can accelerate the fluid and increase its kinetic energy. The flow divider cone 371 distributes the fluid evenly to each atomizing micropore 372. The unique combination structure of the flared section 3720 and the constricted section 3721 of the micropores allows for final energy focusing and intense shearing in the constricted section 3721, thereby significantly improving the atomization effect and producing a finer and more uniform water mist.

[0041] In one embodiment, the highest point of the branch water pipe 22, from its connection point with the main water pipe 20 to its connection point with the mixing tank 32, is positioned above the highest working liquid level of the water tank 2. The branch water pipe 22 is made of transparent or semi-transparent flexible plastic tubing; the end of the main water pipe 20 is circulated back into the water tank 2, and the water tank 2 and the misting rack 11 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and fixedly installed on the main frame 1.

[0042] In this embodiment, the highest point of the branch water pipe 22 is higher than the liquid level in the water tank 2, which can form a siphon failure point to prevent water from continuously flowing to the mixing tank 32 due to siphon effect when the machine is stopped, thus avoiding accidental spraying. The use of transparent or semi-transparent pipes makes it easy to directly observe whether the water circuit is unobstructed and the water flow status. The water tank 2 and the misting rack 11 correspond one-to-one, realizing the modularization of the water supply unit, which facilitates management and maintenance.

[0043] In operation, the invention works as follows: First, an external water source replenishes water to the water tank 2, and an external air source, such as an air compressor, provides compressed air to the main air pipe 23. The control system activates the solenoid valve based on the humidity sensor signal in the mushroom house. Water from the water tank 2 is transported through the main water pipe 20 and distributed to each branch water pipe 22 via a three-way connector 21. The branch water pipes 22 transport water to the water pipe connector 320 on the side wall of the mixing tank 32 of the spray mechanism 3. Compressed air is distributed through the main air pipe 23 and the three-way connector 21 to each branch air pipe 24. The branch air pipes 24 transport high-pressure airflow to the air pipe connector 321 at the top of the mixing tank 32. Inside the mixing tank 32, water is sprayed from the water pipe connector 320 into the throat area of ​​the mixing throat 322, where it violently impacts and shears against the high-speed airflow, initially breaking it into a fine water-vapor mixture. The operator can adjust the gap between the shear ring 39 and the outlet of the mixing throat 322 by turning the handwheel 384 to precisely control the fineness of the atomized particles. The gas-liquid mixture after initial atomization enters the main cylinder 30 through the connecting pipe 31. Under the guidance of the S-shaped baffle 34, the mixture flows along the S-shaped path, where large water droplets are effectively impacted, captured, and collected due to inertia. At the same time, tiny impurities in the mixture are adsorbed by the activated carbon filter element 35. The collected water droplets and impurities eventually settle at the bottom of the conical hopper, which can be cleaned periodically by opening the drain plug 36. After purification, the gas-liquid mixture enters multiple inlet branch pipes 33 at the top of the main cylinder 30. After acceleration at the constriction section 330 at the end of the inlet branch pipe 33, the mixture impacts the diversion cone 371 inside the atomizing nozzle 37 and is evenly distributed to each atomizing micropore 372. When the mixture flows through the unique flaring section 3720 and constriction section 3721 of each atomizing micropore 372, cavitation effect and intense shearing occur, achieving efficient secondary atomization. Finally, extremely fine and uniform water mist is sprayed from all atomizing nozzles 37, providing all-round and thorough humidification for the mushrooms on the shelf.

[0044] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A distributed microporous spray humidification device for shelf-type mushroom houses, characterized in that: It includes a main frame (1), a water tank (2), and multiple spray units; The main frame (1) is fixed with an upper frame rod (10) and multiple horizontally arranged aeroponic racks (11) from top to bottom; the water tank (2) is connected to a main water pipe (20); the spray unit is installed below the upper frame rod (10) and the aeroponic racks (11); the spray unit includes a branch air pipe (24), a branch water pipe (22), a main air pipe (23) and a spray mechanism (3); the branch water pipe (22) is connected to the main water pipe (20) through a three-way connector (21), the branch air pipe (24) is connected to the main air pipe (23) through a three-way connector (21), and the main air pipe (23) is connected to an external air source and is equipped with a controlled solenoid valve; The spraying mechanism (3) includes a mixing tank (32), a main cylinder (30), and multiple atomizing nozzles (37); the mixing tank (32) has an axially narrowed mixing throat (322) inside, and a pipe connector (321) connected to the branch air pipe (24) at its top, and a water pipe connector (320) connected to the branch water pipe (22) on its side wall, and the outlet of the water pipe connector (320) leads to the throat area of ​​the mixing throat (322); the main cylinder (30) is connected to the outlet of the mixing tank (32) through a connecting pipe (31), and multiple liquid inlet branch pipes (33) are evenly connected to the upper circumference of the main cylinder (30), and an atomizing nozzle (37) is installed at the end of the liquid inlet branch pipe (33); The main cylinder (30) is fixed with an S-shaped baffle (34) that allows the fluid inside to flow along an S-shaped path. The bottom of the main cylinder (30) is a conical hopper. The bottom end of the conical hopper is detachably sealed with a drain plug (36) by a thread. The conical hopper is filled with an activated carbon filter element (35) above the drain plug (36). The atomizing nozzle (37) is press-fitted with an atomizing plate (370), and the atomizing plate (370) is provided with a plurality of atomizing microholes (372) evenly distributed along the circumference. The atomizing nozzle (37) is provided with a flow divider cone (371) distributed circumferentially inside. The atomizing microholes (372) all include a gradually expanding flaring section (3720) and a gradually narrowing constriction section (3721) from their inlet to their outlet.

2. The distributed microporous spray humidification device for shelf-type mushroom houses according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylinder (38) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mixing tank (32). A piston (380) is slidably connected inside the cylinder (38). A sealing ring (383) is provided on the piston (380). An adjusting screw (381) is rotatably connected to one side of the cylinder (38) through a bearing. The adjusting screw (381) is threaded onto the cylinder (38), and one end extends to the outside of the cylinder (38) and is fixedly connected to a handwheel (384). The piston (380) drives a shear ring (39) located inside the mixing tank (32) and facing the outlet of the mixing throat (322) through a connecting rod (382).

3. A distributed microporous spray humidification device for a shelf-type mushroom house according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting rod (382) is symmetrically provided with guide plates (385), and the inner wall of the cylinder (38) is provided with a guide groove (386) that matches the shape of the guide plate (385). The guide plate (385) is slidably embedded in the guide groove (386).

4. The distributed microporous spray humidification device for shelf-type mushroom houses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner hole at the connection between the liquid inlet branch pipe (33) and the atomizing nozzle (37) has a tapered end (330).

5. A distributed microporous spray humidification device for a shelf-type mushroom house according to claim 1, characterized in that: The highest point of the branch water pipe (22) between the connection point of the branch water pipe (22) and the main water pipe (20) and the connection point of the mixing tank (32) is arranged at a position higher than the highest working liquid level of the water tank (2).

6. A distributed microporous spray humidification device for a shelf-type mushroom house according to claim 5, characterized in that: The branch water pipe (22) is made of a transparent or semi-transparent flexible plastic pipe.

7. A distributed microporous spray humidification device for a shelf-type mushroom house according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the main water pipe (20) is circulated back into the water tank (2). The water tank (2) and the misting rack (11) are set up one-to-one and fixedly installed on the main frame (1).

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