Autonomous piezoelectric implant capable of durably inhibiting bacteria and resisting inflammation and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and relates to an autonomous piezoelectric implant capable of lasting bacteriostasis and anti-inflammation and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that based on a dental implant 3D model, a biological piezoelectric material is adopted, and a dental implant blank is obtained through the 3D printing technology; and performing post-treatment on the dental implant blank to obtain the dental implant, the method comprises the following steps: plating electrodes at two ends of a dental implant along an implanting direction, and performing high-voltage polarization treatment to enable the dental implant to have a piezoelectric effect; and grinding the electrodes at the two ends of the implant, performing ultrasonic cleaning, and drying to obtain the piezoelectric implant. The biological piezoelectric material is used for the implant for the first time, the piezoelectric effect is excited in natural occlusion such as chewing, the triple functions of antibiosis, anti-inflammation and osteogenesis are achieved, compared with traditional materials and technologies, the biological piezoelectric material has the advantages of being high in function controllability and lasting in effect, an intelligent non-invasive treatment platform is constructed, the bottleneck of the prior art is broken through, and the application prospect is wide. The important clinical application value and commercial potential are realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and more particularly relates to a self-governing piezoelectric implant with persistent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory functions and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Dental defects or tooth loss caused by congenital development, accidental trauma, aging, and the like seriously affect people's physical and mental health and have become one of the problems to be solved in the field of oral health. Osteointegrated implants have become the gold standard for dental defect repair due to their biological benefits and high success rate. Additive manufacturing (i.e., 3D printing) technology can enhance the osteointegration performance of dental implants by combining microstructure design, further expanding the potential for personalized applications. However, traditional implant materials such as titanium alloys and ZrO2 lack antibacterial or anti-inflammatory functions and are prone to induce inflammation around the implant after implantation, leading to implant failure.

[0003] Current common antibacterial technologies include surface modification and coating methods, such as the technical solutions disclosed in Chinese Patent Document CN114796599B and Chinese Patent Document CN112870443B, but these technologies lack long-term stability of functional persistence and have limited ability to regulate inflammation in deep tissues. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new dental implant with persistent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory functions and a preparation technology to prevent and treat inflammation around the implant. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a self-governing piezoelectric implant with persistent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory functions and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the problem that existing dental implants do not have persistent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory functions.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, in a first aspect, the present application provides a preparation method of a self-governing piezoelectric implant with persistent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory functions, comprising: S1 based on a 3D model of a dental implant, using a biological piezoelectric material and obtaining a dental implant blank by 3D printing technology; S2 post-processing the dental implant blank to obtain a dental implant; S3 coating electrodes on both ends of the dental implant in the implant direction and drying, and then performing high-voltage polarization treatment to obtain a polarized piezoelectric dental implant with piezoelectric effect; S4 removing the electrodes from both ends of the polarized piezoelectric dental implant, and after ultrasonic cleaning, drying to obtain a self-governing piezoelectric implant.

[0006] Further, in step S1, the biological piezoelectric material is a piezoelectric polymer material or a lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material, and the obtained dental implant blank is a polymer blank or a ceramic blank, respectively.

[0007] Further, the post-processing method of the polymer blank in step S2 is polishing, sandblasting or polishing.

[0008] Further, in step S3, the high-voltage polarization conditions are: a high-voltage electric field strength of 0.5 kV / mm to 5 kV / mm, a polarization temperature of 20℃ to 120℃, and a polarization time of 5 min to 60 min.

[0009] In a second aspect, the application provides an autonomous piezoelectric implant prepared by the preparation method described above, which comprises, in sequence along the implant direction, an abutment, an implant dense fixation segment, an implant transition segment, an implant porous segment and a threaded guide segment, and the surface of the autonomous piezoelectric implant can respond to an output voltage under the action of external mechanical stress, thereby catalyzing water molecules to generate active oxygen molecules.

[0010] Further, the abutment is an anti-rotation structure, the circumscribed circle diameter of the anti-rotation structure is not less than 4 mm, and the thickness of the anti-rotation structure along the implant direction is 4 mm to 6 mm.

[0011] Further, the output voltage range of the autonomous piezoelectric implant in response to occlusal force is 5 mV to 500 mV.

[0012] Further, the thickness of the implant dense fixation segment along the implant direction is 3 mm to 5 mm, and the connection between the implant dense fixation segment and the abutment is a smooth curved surface.

[0013] Further, the total length of the autonomous piezoelectric implant along the implant direction is 8 mm to 16 mm, and the thickness of the implant porous segment along the implant direction is 5% to 10% of the total length of the autonomous piezoelectric implant.

[0014] Further, the porosity of the implant porous segment is 40% to 80%, and the cell size constituting the implant porous segment is 0.5 mm to 2 mm.

[0015] It can be understood that the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned second aspect can be referred to the related description in the above-mentioned first aspect, which will not be described here again.

[0016] Overall, compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions conceived by the application have the following beneficial effects: (1) The preparation method of the application breaks through the key technical bottleneck of poor controllability and insufficient durability in traditional antibacterial and anti-inflammatory technology, and an autonomous piezoelectric implant is obtained, which forms an intelligent treatment platform with antibacterial-anti-inflammatory-osteogenic triple functions, fills the gap in the prior art, and has broad application prospects and commercial value.

[0017] (2) The application breaks through the application of biological piezoelectric materials to implant manufacturing. Biological piezoelectric materials can respond to charge catalytic generation of ROS under the action of mechanical stress. ROS can effectively destroy the cell structure of various harmful bacteria due to its strong oxidation characteristics, and has broad-spectrum and efficient bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effects. At the same time, the transformation of macrophages from the pro-inflammatory phenotype (M1 type) to the anti-inflammatory phenotype (M2 type) is regulated by electrical stimulation, so as to realize infection control and immune microenvironment regulation. Therefore, the 3D printing of biological piezoelectric functional implants can output a specific range of voltage under the action of daily biting, and realize autonomous, persistent and efficient antibacterial and anti-inflammatory functions through electrocatalysis, thereby significantly improving the clinical success rate and long-term stability of the implant.

[0018] (3) The application uses 3D printing technology to realize the integrated design and manufacturing of implants with bionic structure, realizes the high matching of partition modulus, effectively improves the bone integration effect, enriches the types of functional material implants, and greatly enhances the application potential of functional implants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a preparation method flowchart of a persistent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory autonomous piezoelectric implant provided by embodiment 1 of the application; Figure 2 is a structure schematic diagram of the autonomous piezoelectric implant provided by embodiment 1 of the application; Figure 3 is a modulus matching mechanism and electrocatalysis principle schematic diagram of the autonomous piezoelectric implant provided by embodiment 1 of the application; Figure 4 is a piezoelectric output experimental result schematic diagram of the autonomous piezoelectric implant under 100 million times of simulated biting force provided by embodiment 2 of the application.

[0020] In all the drawings, the same reference signs are used to represent the same elements or structures, wherein: 1- abutment, 2- implant dense fixed segment, 3- implant transition segment, 4- implant porous segment, 5- threaded guide segment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the application more clear and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the application and not to limit the application.

[0022] The term "and / or", used in the present document, is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The symbol " / " in the present document represents an or relationship of associated objects, for example, A / B represents A or B.

[0023] The terms "first" and "second" and the like in the description and claims of the present document are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order of the objects. For example, the first response message and the second response message are used to distinguish different response messages, rather than to describe a specific order of the response messages.

[0024] In the embodiments of the present application, the words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean serving as an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or having more advantages than other embodiments or design schemes. Rather, the words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are intended to present the relevant concept in a specific manner.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality of" means two or more, for example, a plurality of processing units means two or more processing units, and the like; a plurality of elements means two or more elements, and the like.

[0026] The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0027] Embodiment 1 The present embodiment provides a preparation method of a self-governing piezoelectric implant capable of persistent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, and a self-governing piezoelectric implant prepared by using the method, as shown in the following formula (I): Figure 1 The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring a three-dimensional image of a tooth root groove of a patient based on a CT scanning technology, and designing a dental implant 3D model based on the acquired three-dimensional image, and acquiring a dental implant blank according to the dental implant 3D model by using a biological piezoelectric material and a 3D printing technology; S2, post-processing the dental implant blank to obtain a dental implant; S3, coating electrodes on both ends of the dental implant in the implant direction and drying, and then performing high-voltage polarization treatment to obtain a polarized piezoelectric dental implant with piezoelectric effect; S4, grinding off the electrodes at both ends of the polarized piezoelectric dental implant, and drying after ultrasonic cleaning to obtain a self-governing piezoelectric implant.

[0028] In step S1, the biological piezoelectric material is a piezoelectric polymer material or a lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material, and the acquired dental implant blank is a polymer blank or a ceramic blank, respectively.

[0029] Specifically, the 3D printing process is preferably one or more of stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), inkjet printing (IJP), fused deposition modeling (FDM), selective laser sintering (SLS), binder jetting, laser direct energy deposition (LDED), and direct energy deposition (DED), i.e., different functional segments of the autonomous piezoelectric implant can be printed using different 3D printing technologies.

[0030] The aforementioned piezoelectric ceramic material is preferably a piezoelectric polymer material or a lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material with good biocompatibility. Among them, the piezoelectric polymer material can be selected from any one or more of cellulose, chitin / chitosan, silk fibroin, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and its copolymer, polylactic acid (PLA) and its stereocomplex, and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), i.e., the same or different lead-free piezoelectric polymer materials can be used for different functional segments of the autonomous piezoelectric implant; the lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material can be selected from one or more of barium titanate (BaTiO3), barium calcium zirconate titanate (BCZT), potassium sodium niobate (KNN), sodium niobate (NaNbO3), bismuth titanate (Bi4Ti3O 10 ), sodium bismuth titanate (Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO3), and ferroelectric fluoride, i.e., the same or different lead-free piezoelectric ceramic materials can be used for different functional segments of the autonomous piezoelectric implant.

[0031] In step S2, the post-processing method for the polymer blank is sanding, sandblasting or polishing, such as sanding or sandblasting treatment, or polishing treatment with a polishing wheel. The post-processing method for the ceramic blank is degreasing and sintering densification treatment.

[0032] In the aforementioned step S3, the conditions for high-voltage polarization are: the high-voltage electric field strength is 0.5 kV / mm to 5 kV / mm, such as any one of 0.5 kV / mm, 1 kV / mm, 1.5 kV / mm, 2 kV / mm, 2.5 kV / mm, 3 kV / mm, 3.5 kV / mm, 4 kV / mm, 4.5 kV / mm, 5 kV / mm, etc.; the polarization temperature is 20℃ to 120℃, and the polarization time is 5 min to 60 min.

[0033] The present embodiment provides an autonomous piezoelectric implant prepared by the aforementioned preparation method, such as Figure 2As shown, the autonomous piezoelectric implant comprises: abutment 1, implant dense fixed segment 2, implant transition segment 3, implant porous segment 4 and threaded guide segment 5 connected to each other in turn along the implant direction, and the two end faces of abutment 1 and threaded guide segment 5 away from each other can respond to voltage output under the action of external mechanical stress, thereby catalyzing water molecules to generate active oxygen molecules.

[0034] The aforementioned abutment 1 is an anti-rotation structure, such as a quadrangular prism or a hexagonal prism, and the diameter of the circumscribed circle in the radial direction is not less than 4 mm, and the thickness along the implant direction (i.e. the axial direction) is 4 mm-6 mm, such as 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, or any value between any two of the above values, so as to ensure a larger contact area.

[0035] The aforementioned implant dense fixed segment 2 has a thickness of 3 mm-5 mm along the implant direction, such as 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, or any value between any two of the above values, which is comparable to the thickness of the cortical bone of the jaw and slightly thicker than the cortical bone segment; and the connection with the abutment 1 is a smooth curved surface to alleviate the stress concentration effect.

[0036] The total length of the aforementioned autonomous piezoelectric implant along the implant direction is 8 mm-16 mm, such as 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, 14 mm, 16 mm, or any value between any two of the above values, and the specific length can be determined according to the bone mass, bone density and anatomical characteristics of the tooth implant area.

[0037] The thickness of the implant porous segment 4 along the implant direction is 5%-10% of the total length of the autonomous piezoelectric implant, and the structure type should be a type with larger specific surface area and higher mechanical strength, such as Gyroid, Diamond or similar structures in the three-periodic minimal surface, and the unit cell size can be designed to be 0.5 mm-2 mm, and the porosity of the implant porous segment is designed to be 40%-80% to ensure that there is no stress concentration point in the transition stage.

[0038] The thickness of the aforementioned threaded guide segment 5 along the implant direction is not less than 1.5 mm, and there is a thread design along the axial direction with a width of not less than 1 mm on the guide segment to ensure that the resistance is smaller when the threaded guide segment 5 is implanted.

[0039] The electrocatalytic principle of the autonomous piezoelectric implant obtained by the aforementioned preparation method is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the biological piezoelectric material in the autonomous piezoelectric implant deforms under the action of mechanical stress (occlusal force, cortical bone stress and cancellous bone stress in the figure), causing the separation of positive and negative charge centers in the crystal of the autonomous piezoelectric implant and generating surface charges (such as electrons and holes), for example, electrons (e - ) combine with dissolved oxygen in water to form superoxide free radicals ( ), and holes (h+ Then, the oxidation of water molecules produces hydroxyl radicals. Meanwhile, the alternating electric field driven by the piezoelectric potential can directly catalyze the oxidation-reduction reaction of water or oxygen, thereby continuously and efficiently generating ROS, enabling the self-developed piezoelectric implant to have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory functions, thus realizing the conversion of mechanical energy → electrical energy → chemical energy.

[0040] Example 2 This embodiment provides a self-developed piezoelectric implant with long-lasting antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and its preparation method. The specific steps are as follows: 1) Use 3D modeling software to design the implant 3D model, such as a personalized 3D model designed based on CT scans, ensuring that it includes the complete structure of the abutment 1, implant dense fixation section 2, implant transition section 3, implant porous section 4 and implant porous section 5 connected sequentially along the implantation direction. Among them, the implant porous section 4 has a thickness of 3mm, a structure type of Gyroid, a unit cell size of 1.5mm, and a porosity of 60%. 2) The stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing process was adopted, and barium titanate ceramic slurry was used to print the implant embryo. The printing layer thickness was set to 50μm in the printing parameters. 3) The printed ceramic preform is placed in a high-temperature furnace for adhesive removal and sintering. Specifically, the adhesive removal process involves heating to 800℃ at a rate of 0.5℃ / min and holding for 4 hours to decompose organic matter. The sintering stage involves heating to 1300℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min and holding for 4 hours to obtain a dense and structurally stable dental implant. 4) After coating the two ends of the dental implant in the implantation direction with conductive silver paste and drying it, apply a DC electric field of 2.5kV / mm in the polarization device and polarize the dental implant at 80℃ for 30min to obtain a polarized piezoelectric dental implant. 5) The electrodes at both ends of the polarized piezoelectric dental implant are ground off, ultrasonically cleaned, and then dried to obtain the self-developed piezoelectric implant; the piezoelectric constant d of the self-developed piezoelectric implant is measured using a piezoelectric testing device. 33 The voltage response is monitored to ensure that the autonomous piezoelectric implant has a stable piezoelectric response.

[0041] Example 3 This embodiment provides a self-developed piezoelectric implant with long-lasting antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and its preparation method. The specific steps are as follows: 1) Use 3D modeling software to design a 3D model of the implant, ensuring a complete structure that includes the abutment 1, dense fixation section 2, transition section 3, porous section 4, and threaded guide section 5 connected sequentially along the implantation direction; wherein, the porous section 4 has a thickness of 3mm, a Diamond structure type, a unit cell size of 0.8mm, and a porosity of 60%; 2) Digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology was adopted, and BCZT ceramic slurry was used to print implant embryos, with the printing layer thickness controlled at 25μm; 3) The printed BCZT ceramic preform was placed in a high-temperature furnace for debinding and sintering. During debinding, the temperature was increased to 600℃ at a rate of 0.5℃ / min and held for 4 hours to decompose organic matter. During sintering, the temperature was increased to 1450℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min and held for 4 hours to obtain a dense and structurally stable dental implant. 4) After coating the dental implant with electrodes, apply a DC electric field of 3kV / mm in the polarization device and polarize for 40 minutes at 90℃ to obtain a polarized piezoelectric dental implant. 5) The electrodes at both ends of the polarized piezoelectric dental implant are ground off, ultrasonically cleaned, and then dried to obtain the self-developed piezoelectric implant; the piezoelectric constant d of the self-developed piezoelectric implant is measured using a piezoelectric testing device. 33 And voltage response conditions, to ensure that it has a stable piezoelectric response.

[0042] Example 4 This embodiment provides a self-developed piezoelectric implant with long-lasting antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and its preparation method. The specific steps are as follows: 1) Use 3D modeling software to design a 3D model of the implant, ensuring a complete structure that includes the abutment 1, dense fixation section 2, transition section 3, porous section 4, and threaded guide section 5 connected sequentially along the implantation direction; wherein, the porous section 4 has a thickness of 3.5mm, a structure type of BCC (body-centered cubic), a unit cell size of 1.8mm, and a porosity of 60%; 2) Selective laser sintering (SLS) was used to print implant embryos using PVDF polymer powder. The printing parameters were controlled as follows: laser power 30W and scanning rate 500mm / s. 3) The printed PVDF blank is sanded, sandblasted, or polished with a polishing wheel to reduce roughness and improve mechanical properties, thus obtaining a dental implant; 4) After coating the dental implant with electrodes, apply a DC electric field of 4kV / mm in the polarization device and polarize for 35 minutes at 70℃ to obtain a polarized piezoelectric dental implant. 5) The electrodes at both ends of the polarized piezoelectric dental implant are ground off, ultrasonically cleaned, and then dried to obtain the self-developed piezoelectric implant; the piezoelectric constant d of the self-developed piezoelectric implant is measured using a piezoelectric testing device. 33 And voltage response conditions, to ensure that it has a stable piezoelectric response.

[0043] Example 5 This embodiment provides a self-developed piezoelectric implant with long-lasting antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and its preparation method. The specific steps are as follows: 1) Use 3D modeling software to design a 3D model of the implant, ensuring a complete structure that includes the abutment 1, dense fixation section 2, transition section 3, porous section 4, and threaded guide section 5 connected sequentially along the implantation direction; wherein, the porous section 4 has a thickness of 4mm, an octet structure, a unit cell size of 2mm, and a porosity of 60%; 2) Using FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) technology, PLA filaments were used to print implant embryos, with the printing parameters controlled as follows: filament feed rate 5 mm / s, porosity 50%; 3) The printed PLA is sanded, sandblasted, or polished with a polishing wheel to reduce roughness and improve mechanical properties, thus obtaining a dental implant; 4) After coating the dental implant with electrodes, apply a DC electric field of 3.5 kV / mm in the polarization device and polarize for 25 min at 85°C to obtain a polarized piezoelectric dental implant; 5) The electrodes at both ends of the polarized piezoelectric dental implant are ground off, ultrasonically cleaned, and then dried to obtain the self-developed piezoelectric implant; the piezoelectric constant d of the self-developed piezoelectric implant is measured using a piezoelectric testing device. 33 And voltage response conditions, to ensure that it has a stable piezoelectric response.

[0044] Example 6 This embodiment provides a self-developed piezoelectric implant with long-lasting antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties and its preparation method. The specific steps are as follows: 1) Use 3D modeling software to design a 3D model of the implant, ensuring a complete structure that includes the abutment 1, dense fixation section 2, transition section 3, porous section 4, and threaded guide section 5 connected sequentially along the implantation direction; wherein, the porous section 4 has a thickness of 4mm, an IWP structure type, a unit cell size of 1.5mm, and a porosity of 50%; 2) The solid-state laser 3D printing process (SLA) was used to print the implant embryo using sodium bismuth titanate ceramic slurry, and the printing layer thickness was controlled to be 40μm. 3) The printed sodium bismuth titanate ceramic blank is placed in a high-temperature furnace for debinding and sintering. During debinding, the temperature is increased to 600℃ at a rate of 0.7℃ / min and held for 4 hours. During sintering, the temperature is increased at a rate of 4℃ / min, with a final temperature of 1300℃, and held for 5 hours. 4) After coating the implant with electrodes, apply a DC electric field of 2.5kV / mm in the polarization device and polarize for 25 minutes at 60℃ to obtain a polarized piezoelectric dental implant; 5) The electrodes at both ends of the polarized piezoelectric dental implant are ground off, ultrasonically cleaned, and then dried to obtain the self-developed piezoelectric implant; the piezoelectric constant d of the self-developed piezoelectric implant is measured using a piezoelectric testing device. 33 And voltage response conditions, to ensure that it has a stable piezoelectric response.

[0045] In summary, the implants prepared by the method of this application possess precise geometric structures and mechanical properties that conform to the design, and the polarized implants with different moduli highly matched to the human bone structure exhibit significant piezoelectric properties (80 pC / N). <d 33 <500pC / N), and as Figure 4 As shown, under mechanical loading conditions (1,000,000 cycles), it can generate a stable voltage output (5mV~500mV), exhibiting excellent piezoelectric response stability and sustainability.

[0046] It should be understood that expressions such as “comprising” and “may include” used in this application indicate the existence of the disclosed functions, operations, or constituent elements, and do not limit one or more additional functions, operations, and constituent elements. In this application, terms such as “comprising” and / or “having” are to be interpreted as indicating a particular characteristic, number, operation, constituent element, component, or combination thereof, but not to exclude the existence or possibility of adding one or more other characteristics, numbers, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0047] Furthermore, in this application, the expression "and / or" includes any and all combinations of the associated listed words. For example, the expression "A and / or B" may include A, may include B, or may include both A and B.

[0048] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed connection" refers to a connection where the relative positional relationship remains unchanged after connection. "Rotary connection" refers to a connection where the components can rotate relative to each other after connection. "Sliding connection" refers to a connection where the components can slide relative to each other after connection. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "left," and "right," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0049] Furthermore, the mathematical concepts mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as symmetry, equality, parallelism, and perpendicularity, are limitations specific to the current technological level, rather than absolute and strict mathematical definitions. Slight deviations are permissible; approximations of symmetry, equality, parallelism, and perpendicularity are all acceptable. For example, "A and B are parallel" means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, and the angle between A and B can be between 0 and 10 degrees. "A and B are perpendicular" means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, and the angle between A and B can be between 80 and 100 degrees.

[0050] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a self-developed piezoelectric implant with long-lasting antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, characterized in that, include: S1 is based on a 3D model of a dental implant, using biopiezoelectric materials and 3D printing technology to obtain the dental implant blank; S2 performs post-processing on the dental implant blank to obtain a dental implant; S3 coats electrodes on both ends of the dental implant along the implantation direction and dries them, then performs high-voltage polarization treatment to obtain a polarized piezoelectric dental implant with piezoelectric effect; S4 removes the electrodes at both ends of the polarized piezoelectric dental implant, and then performs ultrasonic cleaning and drying to obtain an autonomous piezoelectric implant.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the biopiezoelectric material is a piezoelectric polymer material or a lead-free piezoelectric ceramic material, and the obtained dental implant blanks are polymer blanks or ceramic blanks, respectively.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S2, the post-treatment method for the polymer green body is grinding, sandblasting, or polishing; the post-treatment method for the ceramic green body is debinding and sintering densification treatment.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the conditions for high-voltage polarization are: high-voltage electric field strength of 0.5kV / mm to 5kV / mm, polarization temperature of 20℃ to 120℃, and polarization time of 5min to 60min.

5. The autonomous piezoelectric implant prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: The implant consists of a base (1), a dense fixation section (2), a transition section (3), a porous section (4), and a threaded guide section (5) connected sequentially along the planting direction. The surface of the autonomous piezoelectric implant can respond to voltage output under external mechanical stress, thereby catalyzing water molecules to generate active oxygen molecules.

6. The autonomous piezoelectric implant as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The base (1) is an anti-rotation structure, the outer circle diameter of the anti-rotation structure is not less than 4mm, and its thickness along the planting direction is 4mm~6mm.

7. The autonomous piezoelectric implant as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The autonomous piezoelectric implant has an output voltage range of 5mV to 500mV in response to occlusal force.

8. The autonomous piezoelectric implant as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The thickness of the dense fixation section (2) of the implant is 3mm~5mm along the planting direction, and the connection between it and the abutment (1) is a smooth curved surface.

9. The autonomous piezoelectric implant as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The total length of the autonomous piezoelectric implant along the planting direction is 8mm to 16mm, and the thickness of the porous segment (4) of the implant along the planting direction is 5% to 10% of the total length of the autonomous piezoelectric implant.

10. The autonomous piezoelectric implant as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The porosity of the porous segment (4) of the implant is 40%~80%, and the unit cell size of the porous segment (4) of the implant is 0.5mm~2mm.

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