Flexible gas fire extinguishing device and application

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fire fighting, and discloses a flexible gas fire extinguishing device and application, the flexible gas fire extinguishing device comprises a gas fire extinguishing agent and a flexible composite packaging material; wherein the gas extinguishing agent is packaged in the flexible composite packaging material, and the flexible composite packaging material comprises an outer-layer protective atomizing material, a middle-layer thermal shrinkage pressurizing material and an inner-layer anti-corrosion sealing material. The flexible gas fire extinguishing device is directly used for extinguishing fire in micro spaces (a battery box, an electric appliance cabinet, an electric appliance box, a socket, a cable groove, a file cabinet, an air conditioning cabinet and an engine compartment), and the device is combined with a supporting material to form a fire extinguishing sheet, a fire extinguishing blanket and a fire extinguishing cover for extinguishing fire in a covering manner.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of fire fighting, and particularly relates to a flexible gas fire extinguishing device and application. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional fire fighting devices (such as gas fire extinguishers, powder fire extinguishers, etc.) usually store fire extinguishing agents in metal pressure tanks and need additional devices such as valves, pipelines, detectors, etc., which greatly limits the application scenarios and application methods of such fire fighting devices. For example, in small spaces (such as battery boxes, electrical cabinets, electrical boxes, sockets, cable slots, file cabinets, air conditioning cabinets, engine compartments, etc.), there is a small space and irregular size, and the traditional fire fighting device cannot be directly installed in such spaces. For fire blankets, lithium battery transport fireproof boxes, etc., the fire extinguishing agent needs to be integrated with them to meet the requirements of flexibility and weight and volume.

[0003] Patent CN202411585701.6 discloses a self-induction fire extinguishing material, fire extinguishing rope and application, which is based on a perfluorohexanone microcapsule fire extinguishing rope technology. However, this method has the problems of complicated microcapsule synthesis process and low fire extinguishing agent loading capacity in the fire extinguishing rope; patent CN202222641240.2 discloses a tubular fire extinguishing rope structure, the pipe body is a polyethylene pipe or a nylon pipe, the pipe two ends are sealed with flexible glue, and the pipe is filled with gas fire extinguishing agent. However, the release of the fire extinguishing agent in this method depends on the rupture of the pipe body, and is only suitable for low-boiling-point fire extinguishing agents, and cannot form fire extinguishing agent spraying and atomization effect for high-boiling-point fire extinguishing agents.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a flexible gas fire extinguishing technology with wider application range and better fire extinguishing effect. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a flexible gas fire extinguishing device and application.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: The first purpose of the present application is to provide a flexible gas fire extinguishing device, which comprises a gas fire extinguishing agent and a flexible composite packaging material. The gas fire extinguishing agent is packaged in the flexible composite packaging material, and the flexible composite packaging material comprises, from the outside to the inside, a protective atomization material layer, a heat-shrinkable pressure-increasing material layer and a corrosion-resistant sealing material layer.

[0007] Preferably, the gas extinguishing agent is at least one of heptafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane, trifluoroiodomethane, perfluoroheptanone, perfluorohexanone, perfluoropentanone, perfluorobutanone, 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene, 1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, and 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

[0008] Preferably, the outer layer of protective atomization material is at least one of metal fibers, metal oxide fibers, boron carbide fibers, boron nitride fibers, and silicon carbide fibers, the outer layer of protective atomization material has a cable-stayed mesh structure, a gas permeability of 500-3000 L / (m2·s), a thermal conductivity coefficient of not less than 5 W / (m·K), and a thickness of 0.1-3 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the middle layer of heat-shrinkable pressure-increasing material is at least one of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, silica gel, fluororubber, and ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, the heat-shrinkable pressure-increasing material has a thickness of 0.1-10 mm and a shrinkage ratio of 6:1-2:1.

[0010] Preferably, the inner layer of corrosion-resistant sealing material is at least one of polyurethane, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, and polyimide, the corrosion-resistant sealing material has a thickness of 0.05-2 mm.

[0011] Further, the flexible gas extinguishing device has one of a tubular shape, a spherical shape, and a capsule shape, and has a use environment temperature range of -30℃-55℃.

[0012] Further, the flexible gas extinguishing device has a sealing port for adding the extinguishing agent, and the sealing port is sealed by a clamping sleeve, a clamping hoop, or an adhesive method.

[0013] Further, the application also discloses a preparation method of the flexible gas extinguishing device, which comprises the following steps: First, an outer layer of protective atomization material with a specific shape is combined with a middle layer of heat-shrinkable pressure-increasing material by hot pressing, then the combined material is crosslinked by radiation, the crosslinked combined material is expanded by heating, an inner layer of corrosion-resistant sealing material is coated on the inner layer of the combined material by a coating method, a sealing port for adding the extinguishing agent is installed, finally the extinguishing agent is added to the flexible device through the sealing port for adding the extinguishing agent and the sealing port for adding the extinguishing agent is sealed; wherein the vapor pressure of the extinguishing agent at 55℃ is not greater than 80% of the maximum bearing pressure of the flexible device.

[0014] The second object of the application is to provide an application of the flexible gas extinguishing device in the field of fire fighting.

[0015] Specifically, the flexible gas extinguishing device is used for fire extinguishing in a micro-space.

[0016] Further, the flexible gas fire extinguishing device can be directly arranged around the flammable object according to the size and structure of the micro space (including: battery box, electrical cabinet, electrical box, socket, cable slot, file cabinet, air conditioning cabinet, engine compartment, etc.).

[0017] In addition, the flexible gas fire extinguishing device can also be combined with a supporting material for covering fire extinguishing.

[0018] Further, the flexible gas fire extinguishing device can be combined with a fire-retardant board, fabric and other supporting materials to form a fire extinguishing sheet, fire extinguishing blanket, fire extinguishing cover by blending, bonding and other methods, and cover the surface of the combustible object for fire extinguishing and fire spread suppression.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects: (1) The outer protective atomization material of the flexible fire extinguishing device is composed of inorganic fiber material with high thermal conductivity, which has good thermal conductivity, high temperature resistance and non-combustion advantages. While protecting the flexible fire extinguishing device from pressure, it can also make the whole flexible fire extinguishing device evenly heated by good thermal conductivity when the local flexible fire extinguishing device is heated by fire, and the released fire extinguishing agent in the device is atomized by the porous structure to enhance the fire extinguishing effect.

[0020] (2) The middle layer thermal shrinkage pressure increasing material of the flexible fire extinguishing device has good thermal shrinkage performance by cross-linking method, which can quickly shrink to generate high pressure when heated by fire, so that the fire extinguishing agent has stronger spraying effect; and the inner layer anticorrosive sealing material can prevent the corrosion and hardening of the fire extinguishing agent on the flexible fire extinguishing device, while enhancing the sealing performance of the flexible fire extinguishing device.

[0021] (3) The flexible fire extinguishing device can not only fill low-boiling point gas fire extinguishing agent, but also fill high-boiling point gas fire extinguishing agent. The middle layer thermal shrinkage pressure increasing material makes the heated high-boiling point fire extinguishing agent generate high pressure, and the outer layer protective atomization material realizes better atomization and spraying effect. In addition, compared with the microcapsule storage fire extinguishing agent, the present application can directly fill more fire extinguishing agent, and is simple and easy to operate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0023] Example 1 First, a tubular copper fiber outer protective atomizing material with a diameter of 5 mm and a thickness of 1 mm (air permeability of 1000 L / (m²·s) and thermal conductivity of 30 W / (m·K)) is hot-pressed together with a polyethylene middle layer heat-shrinkable and pressurized material with a thickness of 2 mm at 100℃. Then, the composite material is radiatively crosslinked using an electron accelerator (8 MeV) at a radiation dose rate of 60 kGy / s. After crosslinking, it is heated to 100 ℃ and expanded to twice its volume. After cooling, a polyurethane inner layer anti-corrosion and sealing material is coated onto the inner layer of the composite material using a coating method, with a coating thickness of 0.8 mm. A ferrule-type filling and sealing port is installed at both ends of the flexible device, and after filling with perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, it is sealed to obtain a tubular flexible gas fire extinguishing device. Example 2

[0024] First, a spherical alumina fiber outer protective atomizing material with a diameter of 5 cm and a thickness of 2 mm (air permeability of 800 L / (m²·s) and thermal conductivity of 12 W / (m·K)) is hot-pressed together with a 6 mm thick polyvinylidene fluoride middle heat-shrinkable and pressurized material at 135℃. Then, the composite material is radiatively crosslinked using an electron accelerator (8 MeV) at a radiation dose rate of 80 kGy / s. After crosslinking, it is heated to 135 ℃ and expanded to 3 times its volume. After cooling, an epoxy resin inner anti-corrosion and sealing material is coated onto the inner layer of the composite material using a coating method, with a coating thickness of 0.5 mm. Clamp-type filling and sealing ports are installed at both ends of the flexible device. Liquid hexafluoropropane extinguishing agent is added at -5 ℃ and then sealed to obtain a spherical flexible gas extinguishing device. Comparative Example 1

[0025] Compared with Example 1, the effect of not adding an outer protective atomizing material was investigated: a 2 mm thick polyethylene middle layer heat-shrinkable pressurized material was radiatively crosslinked using an electron accelerator (8 MeV) at a radiation dose rate of 60 kGy / s; after crosslinking, it was heated to 100 °C and expanded to twice its volume, and after cooling, a polyurethane inner layer anti-corrosion sealing material was coated onto the inner layer of the material by a coating method, with a coating thickness of 0.8 mm; a ferrule-type filling and sealing port was installed at both ends of the flexible device, perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent was added and then sealed, resulting in a tubular flexible gas fire extinguishing device without an outer protective atomizing material. Comparative Example 2

[0026] Compared with Example 1, the effect of not cross-linking the middle heat-shrinkable pressurizing material was investigated: First, a tubular copper fiber outer protective atomizing material with a diameter of 5 mm and a thickness of 1 mm (air permeability of 1000 L / (m²·s) and thermal conductivity of 30 W / (m·K)) was hot-pressed together with a polyethylene middle heat-shrinkable pressurizing material with a thickness of 2 mm at 100°C; then, after cooling, a polyurethane inner anti-corrosion sealing material was coated onto the inner layer of the composite material by a coating method, with a coating thickness of 0.8 mm; a ferrule-type filling and sealing port was installed at both ends of the flexible device, and after filling with perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, it was sealed to obtain a tubular flexible gas fire extinguishing device without heat shrinkage effect. Comparative Example 3

[0027] Compared with Example 1, the effect of not adding an inner anti-corrosion sealing material was investigated: First, a tubular copper fiber outer protective atomizing material with a diameter of 5 mm and a thickness of 1 mm (air permeability of 1000 L / (m²·s) and thermal conductivity of 30 W / (m·K)) was hot-pressed together with a polyethylene middle heat-shrinkable pressurizing material with a thickness of 2 mm at 100°C; then, the composite material was radiatively crosslinked using an electron accelerator (8 MeV) at a radiation dose rate of 60 kGy / s; after crosslinking, it was heated to 100°C and expanded to twice its volume, and after cooling, a ferrule-type filling and sealing port was installed at both ends of the flexible device. After filling with perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, it was sealed to obtain a tubular flexible gas fire extinguishing device without an inner anti-corrosion sealing material.

[0028] To further demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention and to better understand the present invention, the following performance tests further illustrate the properties and application performance of the flexible gas fire extinguishing device disclosed in the present invention. However, these tests should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any other measurement experiments performed by those skilled in the art based on the above-described invention, and any applications based on the above-described properties, are also considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Application Example 1:

[0029] Flexible fire extinguishing devices with the same mass of extinguishing agent (10 g) prepared in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were selected and placed on the top of a 20cm*20cm*20cm micro-space simulation test chamber. A certain length of cable was placed at the bottom of the test chamber. The cable was ignited, the test chamber was closed, and the flame was observed to see if it could be extinguished and the extinguishing time. Application Example 2:

[0030] Flexible tubular fire extinguishing devices with the same mass of extinguishing agent (100 g) prepared in Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were selected and bonded to high-temperature fireproof blankets respectively. They were then placed on top of three 50Ah square ternary lithium batteries arranged side by side. The first lithium battery was thermally runaway by overcharging. The flame was measured to see if it could be extinguished and the extinguishing time, as well as whether the second and third batteries were thermally runaway.

[0031] The results of Application Examples 1 and 2 are shown in Tables 1 and 2. It can be seen that Examples 1 and 2 have good fire extinguishing effects. Comparative Example 1 shows a significantly longer fire extinguishing time, indicating that the absence of an outer protective atomizing material affects the atomization effect of the extinguishing agent, thus impacting the fire extinguishing effect. Comparative Example 2 fails to extinguish effectively, indicating that the lack of a heat-shrinkable pressurizing material in the middle layer prolongs the release time of the extinguishing agent, preventing it from quickly reaching the required extinguishing concentration for effective fire extinguishing. Furthermore, when the flexible fire extinguishing devices prepared in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were stored in a 50°C oven for 30 days, Comparative Example 3 showed device cracking and extinguishing agent leakage, indicating that the absence of an inner anti-corrosion sealing material leads to device corrosion and leakage.

[0032] Table 1. Results of Application Example 1 Test No. Ability to extinguish fire Extinguishing time Example 1 Yes 5 seconds Example 2 Yes 7 seconds Comparative Example 1 Yes 16 seconds Comparative Example 2 No - Comparative Example 3 Yes 6 seconds Table 2 Results of Application Example 2 Test No. Ability to extinguish fire Extinguishing time Second and third battery thermal runaway situation Example 1 Yes 10 seconds None of the batteries thermally runaway Comparative Example 1 Yes 18 seconds None of the batteries thermally runaway Comparative Example 2 No - All of the batteries thermally runaway Comparative Example 3 Yes 12 seconds None of the batteries thermally runaway The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0033] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A flexible gas fire extinguishing device, characterized in that, The flexible gaseous fire extinguishing device comprises a gaseous fire extinguishing agent and a flexible composite encapsulation material; wherein... The gaseous fire extinguishing agent is encapsulated in the flexible composite encapsulation material, which consists of, from the outside to the inside, a protective atomizing material layer, a heat-shrinkable pressurizing material layer, and a corrosion-resistant sealing material layer.

2. The flexible gas fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gaseous fire extinguishing agent is at least one of heptafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane, trifluoroiodomethane, perfluoroheptanone, perfluorohexanone, perfluoropentanone, perfluorobutanone, 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene, 1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, and 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

3. The flexible gas fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer protective atomizing material is selected from at least one of metal fiber, metal oxide fiber, boron carbide fiber, boron nitride fiber, and silicon carbide fiber. The protective atomizing material layer has a diagonal perforated mesh structure with an air permeability of 500-3000 L / (m²·s), a thermal conductivity of not less than 5 W / (m·K), and a thickness of 0.1-3 mm.

4. The flexible gas fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle heat-shrinkable pressurizing material is selected from at least one of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroethylene propylene, silicone, fluororubber, and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber. The thickness of the heat-shrinkable pressurizing material layer is 0.1-10 mm, and the shrinkage ratio is 6:1-2:

1.

5. The flexible gas fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner anti-corrosion sealing material is selected from at least one of polyurethane, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, and polyimide, and the thickness of the anti-corrosion sealing material layer is 0.05-2 mm.

6. The flexible gas fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The flexible gas fire extinguishing device is in the shape of a tube, a ball, or a bladder, and its operating temperature range is -30℃ to 55℃.

7. The flexible gas fire extinguishing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flexible gas fire extinguishing device has a sealing port for adding fire extinguishing agent, and the sealing method of the sealing port is a clamp, a clip or an adhesive method.

8. The flexible gas fire extinguishing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method for preparing the flexible gas fire extinguishing device includes: First, the outer protective atomizing material of a specific shape is combined with the middle heat-shrinkable and pressurized material by hot pressing. Then, the composite material is subjected to radiation cross-linking. After cross-linking, the composite material is expanded by heating. Next, the inner anti-corrosion and sealing material is coated onto the inner layer of the composite material by coating method. The filling and sealing port is installed. Finally, the fire extinguishing agent is added into the flexible device through the filling and sealing port and the filling and sealing port is sealed. The vapor pressure of the fire extinguishing agent at 55°C shall not exceed 80% of the maximum pressure that the flexible device can withstand.

9. The application of a flexible gas extinguishing device as described in any one of claims 1-8 in the field of fire protection.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, The flexible gas fire extinguishing device is used directly for fire extinguishing in micro-sized spaces, which include one of the following: battery box, electrical cabinet, electrical box, socket, cable tray, filing cabinet, air conditioning cabinet, and engine compartment. Furthermore, the flexible gas fire extinguishing device is combined with the supporting material to form a fire extinguishing plate, a fire extinguishing blanket, or a fire extinguishing cover, which is used for fire extinguishing by covering.