A dust removal and purification device and method for building material conveying

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of dust removal equipment, in particular to a dust removal and purification device and method for building material conveying, which comprises a supporting tank, a sleeve is arranged on the upper end of the supporting tank, a filter cavity is arranged between the sleeve and the supporting tank, a cyclone dust filter is arranged in the filter cavity on the supporting tank, the cyclone dust filter comprises an air outlet pipe arranged on the sleeve, and helical blades are arranged in the filter cavity on the sleeve. The air outlet pipe on the sleeve is connected with an air draught fan, airflow directly enters the filter cavity after the air draught fan is started, the airflow moves downward at high speed under the forced guidance of the helical blades, the airflow generates strong centrifugal force in the process, the centrifugal force on dust particles is much greater than that on air molecules, so the dust particles are quickly thrown to the inner wall of the filter cavity, the dust particles thrown to the inner wall slide vertically along the wall surface under the action of gravity, and finally fall into a dust storage box at the lower end of the supporting tank to be collected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of dust removal equipment for building materials, and in particular to a dust removal and purification device and method for conveying building materials. Background Technology

[0002] Dust is generated during the transportation of building materials. This dust mainly originates from the physical action of materials during transfer, lifting, feeding, and unloading. For example, when a belt conveyor transfers or discharges materials, the materials impact the belt or chute due to the height difference, and small particles are easily separated from the main body. When a bucket elevator discharges materials at a high position, the impact generated by the collision between the materials and the equipment, as well as the particles carried by the air discharged from the bucket, will cause dust to escape. When feeding materials into silos or bins, the air displacement caused by the falling materials will cause dust to overflow from the feed inlet.

[0003] When purifying dust, the negative pressure generated by a fan is generally used to promptly draw the escaping dust into the dust collection duct, preventing it from spreading in the working environment. For example, a dust collector with application number CN201910596541.8 relates to the fields of industrial dust removal and air purification technology. This prior art includes an external high-pressure air source and a dust bag assembly. The dust bag assembly includes a central air passage, a high-pressure air source passage, an upper frame pipe, a filter dust bag, a backflush pipe, partition vents, and two sealing mechanisms. The sealing mechanism includes a docking half-shell and a docking cylinder. The two sealing mechanisms are located on opposite sides of the filter dust bag, and an external valve is provided on the high-pressure air source passage. When the inner piston of the docking mechanism contacts the docking limit body, the docking half-shells in the two sealing mechanisms dock to form a vertical tube. The filter dust bag is located inside the vertical tube, providing local isolation protection when backflush cleaning any filter component. This prevents the dust removed from one filter component from causing secondary adhesion to other filter components, effectively improving overall work efficiency and the backflush cleaning effect.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies still have some shortcomings in the application of dust removal and purification of building materials:

[0005] The aforementioned existing technology starts the inlet fan and exhaust fan simultaneously, and relies on the negative pressure generated by the exhaust fan to drive the airflow through the filter bag. However, multiple dust bag components share the same inlet and exhaust system, and the airflow in the lower dust filtration chamber is easily affected by the position of the dust bag. The airflow velocity of the dust bag components near the air inlet is fast and the dust impact is large, and the dust adhesion speed on the surface of the filter bag is faster, which makes it easy to clog prematurely.

[0006] The airflow velocity of the dust bag assembly far from the air inlet is slow, and some areas even form dead air zones. The dust-laden airflow cannot fully contact the filter bag, causing the dust to spread with the airflow without being effectively filtered. The overall filtration efficiency fluctuates greatly, making it difficult to stably control the emission concentration.

[0007] Based on this, as stated above, there is still room for improvement in existing technologies for dust removal and purification of building materials. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a dust removal and purification device and method for conveying building materials, adopting the following technical solution:

[0009] In a first aspect, a dust removal and purification device for conveying building materials includes a support tank, a dust discharge port at the lower end of the support tank, a sleeve passing through the upper end of the support tank, forming a filter chamber between the sleeve and the support tank, an air inlet frame connected to the filter chamber on one side of the support tank, and the support tank being equipped with:

[0010] Cyclone dust filter located inside the filtration chamber;

[0011] The dust collector is located on the air inlet frame;

[0012] The cyclone dust filter includes an air outlet pipe on a sleeve, spiral blades inside the sleeve located in the filter chamber, an air inlet frame located at the upper end of the spiral blades, and a gap reserved between the spiral blades and the filter chamber.

[0013] Preferably, a water-separating plate is provided at the bottom of the sleeve, and a one-way valve is provided on the water-separating plate.

[0014] Preferably, the dust collector includes a water storage box disposed on the air inlet frame, and a plurality of nozzles located inside the air inlet frame are disposed at the lower end of the water storage box;

[0015] The water storage box is equipped with a water inlet pipe, one end of which extends into the sleeve.

[0016] Preferably, the air inlet frame is provided with a funnel located directly below the nozzle, and a water outlet pipe is provided at the lower end of the funnel. One end of the water outlet pipe passes through the support tank and the water baffle plate in sequence and is connected to the sleeve.

[0017] Preferably, the inner wall of the filter chamber is provided with a spiral guide groove, with the upper end of the spiral guide groove being the starting end and the lower end being the ending end;

[0018] A diversion pipe is installed on the water storage box, with one end of the diversion pipe extending through the support tank to the starting end.

[0019] Preferably, the filter chamber is provided with an annular groove plate located at the lower end of the spiral guide groove, and a drain pipe connected to the outlet pipe is connected to the annular groove plate.

[0020] Preferably, one end of the water inlet pipe is provided with a liquid outlet pipe, the upper end of the liquid outlet pipe passes through the sleeve, and the liquid outlet pipe has multiple liquid outlet holes located inside the sleeve.

[0021] An adjusting tube is rotatably installed inside the liquid outlet pipe, and a long guide hole corresponding to the liquid outlet hole is opened on the adjusting tube.

[0022] Preferably, the multiple liquid outlet holes are arranged in a spiral stepped pattern on the liquid outlet pipe;

[0023] The regulating tube is equipped with an adjusting knob located at the lower end of the sleeve. The adjusting knob has notches that correspond one-to-one with the liquid outlet holes. A slide bar corresponding to the notch is slidably mounted on the sleeve. A return spring is installed at the end of the slide bar that is away from the adjusting knob.

[0024] Preferably, a filtrate circulator is installed on the water inlet pipe;

[0025] The filtrate circulator includes a circulation tank installed on the inlet pipe, a piston that is slidably installed inside the circulation tank, and a reciprocating screw that is threadedly connected to the piston and rotates through the circulation tank.

[0026] The piston is equipped with a check valve.

[0027] Secondly, a dust removal and purification method for conveying building materials includes the following steps:

[0028] S1: Exhaust and intake. The exhaust fan is connected to the exhaust pipe on the sleeve. After starting, a negative pressure environment is formed in the exhaust pipe and inside the filter chamber. When the dust-laden airflow generated by the conveying of building materials is sucked into the air inlet frame by the negative pressure, the airflow directly enters the filter chamber because the air inlet frame is located at the upper end of the spiral blades inside the filter chamber. Under the forced guidance of the spiral blades, the airflow rotates downward at high speed.

[0029] S2: Gravity separation. Since the mass of dust particles is much greater than that of air molecules, the centrifugal force they experience is much greater than that of air. Therefore, they are quickly thrown towards the inner wall of the filter chamber. The dust particles thrown towards the inner wall slide vertically down the wall under the action of gravity and finally fall into the dust collection box at the bottom of the support tank to complete the collection.

[0030] S3: Water curtain dust filtration. The filter liquid in the sleeve is pressurized and transported to the water storage box by pump. The water in the water storage box forms a uniform water curtain in the air inlet frame through multiple nozzles. The water curtain is like a fine water net. When the dust-laden airflow enters the air inlet frame, the dust particles in the airflow are effectively intercepted by the water curtain. Larger dust particles are directly captured by water droplets and fall with the water flow.

[0031] S4: Liquid-gas contact, the spiraling downward airflow comes into contact with the filter liquid in the spiral guide channel, the airflow and the filter liquid in the spiral guide channel form a state of flowing in the same direction and close contact, the residual dust in the airflow that is not intercepted by the water curtain continuously hits and contacts the liquid film on the cavity wall during the rotation, and is adsorbed and wrapped by the liquid film, further reducing the dust concentration in the airflow.

[0032] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0033] 1. The exhaust fan of this invention is connected to the air outlet pipe on the sleeve. After starting, the airflow will directly enter the filter chamber and rotate downward at high speed under the forced guidance of the spiral blades. During this process, the airflow will generate strong centrifugal force. Since the mass of dust particles is much greater than that of air molecules, the centrifugal force they experience is much greater than that of air. Therefore, they will be quickly thrown towards the inner wall of the filter chamber. The dust particles thrown towards the inner wall will slide vertically down the wall under the action of gravity and finally fall into the dust collection box at the lower end of the support tank for collection.

[0034] 2. This invention uses a pump to pressurize and transport the filter liquid in the sleeve to the water storage box. The water in the water storage box forms a uniform water curtain in the air inlet frame through multiple nozzles. The water curtain is like a fine water net. When the dust-laden airflow enters the air inlet frame, the dust particles in the airflow are effectively intercepted by the water curtain. Larger dust particles are directly captured by water droplets and fall with the water flow; fine dust combines with water droplets to form dust-laden liquid droplets, which either enter the filtration chamber with the airflow for further separation, or most of the liquid that does not drift away with the airflow falls into the funnel directly below. After being collected by the funnel, it is transported back to the sleeve through the water outlet pipe to replenish the filter liquid in the sleeve.

[0035] 3. The spiraling downward airflow of this invention will come into contact with the filter liquid in the spiral guide groove. The airflow and the filter liquid in the spiral guide groove will form a state of flowing in the same direction and in close contact. The residual dust in the airflow that is not intercepted by the water curtain will continuously collide with and contact the liquid film on the cavity wall during the rotation process, and be adsorbed and wrapped by the liquid film. This not only reduces the direct wear and adhesion of dust to the cavity wall, but also further reduces the dust concentration in the airflow. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cyclone dust filter of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 This is the present invention. Figure 3 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust cleaner of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 5 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the dust cleaner of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 7Enlarged view of a section at point C.

[0044] Figure 9 This is the present invention. Figure 7 Enlarged view of a section at point D.

[0045] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the sleeve of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 11 This is the present invention. Figure 10 Enlarged view of a section at point E in the middle.

[0047] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view between the liquid outlet pipe and the regulating pipe of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the filtrate circulator of the present invention.

[0049] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Support tank; 11. Dust outlet; 12. Dust collection box; 2. Sleeve; 3. Filter chamber; 4. Air inlet frame; 5. Cyclone dust filter; 51. Air outlet pipe; 52. Spiral blades; 53. Gap; 54. Water separator; 55. One-way valve; 6. Dust scrubber; 61. Water storage box; 611. Nozzle; 62. Water inlet pipe; 63. Funnel; 631. Water outlet pipe; 64. Filter; 65. Spiral guide channel; 651. Starting end; 652. Ending end; 66. Diverter pipe; 67. Annular groove plate; 671. Drain pipe; 68. Check valve; 7. Discharge pipe; 71. Discharge hole; 72. Adjusting pipe; 721. Connecting hole; 73. Long guide hole; 74. Adjusting knob; 75. Notch; 76. Slide bar; 77. Return spring; 8. Filtrate circulator; 81. Circulation tank; 82. Piston; 83. Reciprocating screw; 84. Check valve. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 13 This application will be further described in detail below; it should be noted that the description of these embodiments is for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0052] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0053] This application discloses a dust removal and purification device and method for conveying building materials, which utilizes the centrifugal force to separate dust particles during the downward rotation of dust-laden airflow.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a dust removal and purification device for conveying building materials includes a support tank 1. The lower end of the support tank 1 is provided with a dust discharge port 11. A dust storage box 12 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the support tank 1 and can be detachably connected to the dust discharge port 11. Specifically, it can be connected by bolts or threads. A sleeve 2 is provided at the upper end of the support tank 1. The sleeve 2 is coaxial with the support tank 1. A filter chamber 3 is formed between the sleeve 2 and the support tank 1. A cyclone dust filter 5 is installed inside the support tank 1 and located in the filter chamber 3.

[0055] When performing dust removal, the cyclone filter 5 is started first. The cyclone filter 5 generates negative pressure suction. An air inlet frame 4 is welded to one side of the support tank 1. The dust-laden airflow enters the filter chamber 3 connected to it through the air inlet frame 4. After entering the filter chamber 3, the dust-laden airflow is forced to rotate downward under the action of the cyclone filter 5. During the movement, the dust particles in the airflow are thrown against the inner wall of the support tank 1 due to their large mass. Then they slide down the tank wall naturally and finally fall into the dust collection box 12 at the lower end of the support tank 1 for collection.

[0056] At the same time, a dust scrubber 6 is installed on the support tank 1 and located on the air inlet frame 4. The dust scrubber 6 starts synchronously and sprays water curtain inside the air inlet frame 4. These water curtains can initially intercept the dust-laden airflow entering the air inlet frame 4 (allowing some dust particles to combine with water droplets to increase their weight, settle in advance, or enter the filter chamber 3 with the airflow and be more easily separated by the cyclone dust filter 5). They can also moisten the inner wall of the air inlet frame 4 to prevent dust from adhering and accumulating inside the air inlet frame 4.

[0057] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, specifically, the cyclone dust filter 5 includes an air outlet pipe 51 fixedly installed on the sleeve 2, the air outlet pipe 51 is connected to the exhaust fan, the sleeve 2 is provided with spiral blades 52 located in the filter chamber 3, and the air inlet frame 4 is located at the upper end of the spiral blades 52.

[0058] The exhaust fan is connected to the air outlet pipe 51 on the sleeve 2. After starting, a negative pressure environment will be formed inside the air outlet pipe 51 and the filter chamber 3. When the dust-laden airflow generated by the conveying of building materials is sucked into the air inlet frame 4 by the negative pressure, the airflow will directly enter the filter chamber 3 because the air inlet frame 4 is located at the upper end of the spiral blades 52 inside the filter chamber 3. Under the forced guidance of the spiral blades 52, the dust-laden airflow cannot flow in a straight line, but can only rotate downward at high speed along the spiral trajectory of the spiral blades 52. During this process, the airflow will generate a strong centrifugal force.

[0059] Since the mass of dust particles is much greater than that of air molecules, the centrifugal force they experience is much greater than that of air. Therefore, they are quickly thrown towards the inner wall of the filter chamber 3 (i.e., the inner wall of the support tank 1). The dust particles thrown towards the inner wall slide vertically down the wall under the action of gravity and finally fall into the dust collection box 12 at the lower end of the support tank 1 for collection. A gap 53 is reserved between the spiral blade 52 and the filter chamber 3, which will not affect the falling of the dust particles.

[0060] After initial purification, the airflow, having lost most of the dust, gradually converges towards sleeve 2 as the rotating airflow moves. Finally, it is drawn out by the exhaust fan through the air outlet pipe 51 on sleeve 2, thus completing the dust separation and clean airflow discharge process.

[0061] A water-separating plate 54 is welded to the bottom of the sleeve 2. A one-way valve 55 is installed on the water-separating plate 54. Clean air that has lost dust will pass through the one-way valve 55 and enter the upper end of the water-separating plate 54. The upper end of the water-separating plate 54 is pre-filled with filter liquid (such as water or a solution with added purifier). The plate body is equipped with a one-way valve 55 (which only allows airflow to pass from bottom to top).

[0062] After initial purification, the airflow passes through the one-way valve 55 and enters the upper area of ​​the water-separating plate 54, where it comes into full contact with the dust-filtering liquid. The fine dust particles (such as PM2.5 particles) remaining in the airflow are adsorbed and encapsulated by the dust-filtering liquid, forming dust-laden droplets that settle at the bottom of the water-separating plate 54 (which can be cleaned periodically later). The clean air, further purified by the dust-filtering liquid, flows upward after getting rid of the dust-filtering liquid and is finally drawn out by the exhaust fan through the air outlet pipe 51 on the sleeve 2, achieving deep removal of dust.

[0063] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, specifically, the dust collector 6 includes a water storage box 61 fixedly installed on the air inlet frame 4. The lower end of the water storage box 61 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 611 located inside the air inlet frame 4. The water storage box 61 is provided with a water inlet pipe 62, one end of which extends into the sleeve 2.

[0064] The filter liquid in the sleeve 2 is transported to the water storage box 61 through the filter liquid circulator 8, and then sprayed out by multiple nozzles 611 to form a water curtain. The water curtain can initially intercept the dust-laden airflow entering the air inlet frame 4. A part of the liquid enters the filter chamber 3 with the airflow, and most of the liquid falls into the funnel 63 set on the air inlet frame 4. The funnel 63 is located directly below the nozzles 611. A water outlet pipe 631 is set at the lower end of the funnel 63. One end of the water outlet pipe 631 passes through the support tank 1 and the water baffle plate in sequence and is connected to the sleeve 2.

[0065] During operation, the filter liquid in the sleeve 2 is pressurized and transported to the water storage box 61 by a pump. The water in the water storage box 61 forms a uniform water curtain in the air inlet frame 4 through multiple nozzles 611. The water curtain is like a fine water net. When the dust-laden airflow enters the air inlet frame 4, the dust particles in the airflow will be effectively intercepted by the water curtain. Larger dust particles are directly captured by water droplets and fall with the water flow; fine dust combines with water droplets to form dust-laden liquid droplets, which enter the filter chamber 3 with the airflow for further separation, or fall into the funnel 63 set on the air inlet frame 4 due to their increased weight. The funnel 63 is located directly below the nozzles 611.

[0066] Most of the liquid that does not drift away with the airflow (including dust-laden wastewater after dust interception) will fall into the funnel 63 directly below the nozzle 611. After being collected by the funnel 63, it will be transported back to the sleeve 2 through the water outlet pipe 631 to replenish the filter liquid in the sleeve 2.

[0067] A filter 64 is installed on the outlet pipe 631 to filter the dust-filtering liquid. The filtered clean dust-filtering liquid continues to flow along the outlet pipe 631, passing through the support tank 1 and the water-separating plate 54 in sequence before returning to the sleeve 2. In this way, the dust-filtering liquid starts from the sleeve 2, passes through the filtrate circulator 8, the water storage box 61, the nozzle 611, the funnel 63, and the outlet pipe 631 before returning to the sleeve 2, forming a closed loop of circulation, interception, recovery, and filtration. This not only improves the dust pretreatment efficiency but also realizes the reuse of water resources and reduces the need for external water replenishment.

[0068] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the inner wall of the filter chamber 3 is provided with a spiral guide groove 65, the upper end of the spiral guide groove 65 is the starting end 651 and the lower end is the ending end 652, and the water storage box 61 is provided with a diversion pipe 66.

[0069] A portion of the filter liquid entering the water storage box 61 will enter the diversion pipe 66. One end of the diversion pipe 66 extends through the support tank 1 to the starting end 651. After passing through the diversion pipe 66, the filter liquid enters the starting end 651 of the spiral guide channel 65. Due to the tension of the filter liquid and the spiral descent of the airflow, the filter liquid will flow along the inner wall of the spiral guide channel 65 and then be discharged from the ending end 652.

[0070] During this process, the spiraling downward airflow will come into contact with the filter liquid in the spiral guide channel 65. The airflow and the filter liquid (liquid film) in the spiral guide channel 65 will form a state of flowing in the same direction and in close contact. The residual dust (especially fine particles) in the airflow that is not intercepted by the water curtain will continuously collide with and contact the liquid film on the cavity wall during the rotation, and be adsorbed and wrapped by the liquid film. This not only reduces the direct wear and adhesion of dust to the cavity wall, but also further reduces the dust concentration in the airflow.

[0071] An annular groove plate 67 is provided in the filter chamber 3 at the lower end of the spiral guide groove 65. The filter liquid (which has adsorbed dust) flowing to the end 652 of the spiral guide groove 65 will naturally drip onto the annular groove plate 67 in the filter chamber 3. A drain pipe 671 connected to the water outlet pipe 631 is connected to the annular groove plate 67. The annular groove plate 67 is connected to the water outlet pipe 631 through the drain pipe 671, and flows back to the sleeve 2 to complete the closed loop circulation of the filter liquid. A check valve 68 is provided on the drain pipe 671.

[0072] Reference Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, one end of the water inlet pipe 62 is provided with a liquid outlet pipe 7. The upper end of the liquid outlet pipe 7 passes through the sleeve 2, and multiple liquid outlet holes 71 are opened on the liquid outlet pipe 7 located inside the sleeve 2. An adjusting pipe 72 is rotatably installed inside the liquid outlet pipe 7, and a long guide hole 73 corresponding to the liquid outlet hole 71 is opened on the adjusting pipe 72. The water inlet pipe 62 is connected to the adjusting pipe 72, and multiple connecting holes 721 corresponding to the water inlet pipe 62 are opened on the adjusting pipe 72. The connecting holes 721 correspond one-to-one with the liquid outlet holes 71.

[0073] When the filter liquid is pumped into the water storage box 61, the filter liquid will pass through the outlet hole 71 and the long guide hole 73 into the regulating pipe 72, and then enter the water inlet pipe 62 through the connection hole 721. The multiple outlet holes 71 are spirally stepped on the outlet pipe 7, and the height of each outlet hole 71 is different, corresponding to different water level heights in the sleeve 2. The regulating pipe 72 is equipped with an adjusting knob 74 located at the lower end of the sleeve 2.

[0074] When the adjustment knob 74 is turned, the adjustment tube 72 will rotate synchronously, causing the long guide hole 73 on the adjustment tube 72 to rotate accordingly, thereby aligning with the liquid outlet 71 at different heights. When the long guide hole 73 is aligned with the liquid outlet 71 at a higher position, only the filter liquid at that height and below can enter the adjustment tube 72 through the liquid outlet 71 and the long guide hole 73 (and then flow into the water inlet pipe 62 through the connecting hole 721), and the water level in the sleeve 2 will be maintained at the height corresponding to the liquid outlet 71. If the knob is turned so that the long guide hole 73 is aligned with the liquid outlet 71 at a lower position, the water level in the sleeve 2 will drop to that height, thereby achieving step-by-step control of the filter liquid water level.

[0075] The adjusting knob 74 has a notch 75 that corresponds to the liquid outlet 71. The sleeve 2 has a slide bar 76 that corresponds to the notch 75. A return spring 77 is provided at the end of the slide bar 76 that is away from the adjusting knob 74.

[0076] When the adjusting knob 74 is rotated to the point where the long guide hole 73 is accurately aligned with a certain liquid outlet hole 71, the slide bar 76 will just fit into the corresponding notch 75 on the adjusting knob 74, forming a mechanical positioning. This prevents the adjusting tube 72 from being accidentally rotated due to vibration or other factors, thus ensuring the accuracy of water level adjustment. At the same time, the cooperation between the slide bar 76 and the notch 75 can intuitively display the adjustment gear corresponding to the current water level.

[0077] Reference Figure 13 As shown, the filtrate circulator 8 includes a circulation tank 81 installed on the inlet pipe 62, a piston 82 slidably installed inside the circulation tank 81, a reciprocating screw 83 rotatably passing through the circulation tank 81 and threadedly connected to the piston 82, and a check valve 84 installed on the piston 82.

[0078] When the reciprocating screw 83 rotates under external force, the threaded transmission drives the piston 82 to reciprocate linearly within the circulation tank 81. When the piston 82 moves to one side, a negative pressure is formed in the space below the piston 82 within the circulation tank 81, the check valve 84 opens, and the filter liquid (such as the liquid flowing from the sleeve 2 through the outlet pipe 7 and the regulating pipe 72 into the inlet pipe 62) is drawn into the circulation tank 81. When the piston 82 moves to the other side, the space within the circulation tank 81 is compressed, the check valve 84 closes, and the filter liquid is forcibly pushed to the water storage box 61 under pressure, completing one cycle of filter liquid suction and pressurization.

[0079] Through the continuous rotation of the reciprocating screw 83, the piston 82 repeatedly performs the suction and push actions, forming a stable power for the circulation of the filter liquid. This ensures that the filter liquid can continuously flow in the closed-loop path within the device as needed, providing stable pressure and flow rate of filter liquid for the water curtain, the liquid film of the spiral guide channel 65, and the liquid replenishment of the sleeve 2.

[0080] Finally, the present invention also provides a dust removal and purification method for conveying building materials, the method of use of which includes the following steps:

[0081] S1: Exhaust and intake. The exhaust fan is connected to the exhaust pipe 51 on the sleeve 2. After starting, a negative pressure environment will be formed inside the exhaust pipe 51 and the filter chamber 3. When the dust-laden airflow generated by the conveying of building materials is sucked into the air inlet frame 4 by the negative pressure, the airflow will directly enter the filter chamber 3 because the air inlet frame 4 is located at the upper end of the spiral blades 52 inside the filter chamber 3. Under the forced guidance of the spiral blades 52, the dust-laden airflow cannot flow in a straight line, but can only rotate downward at high speed along the spiral trajectory of the spiral blades 52. During this process, the airflow will generate strong centrifugal force.

[0082] S2: Gravity separation. Since the mass of dust particles is much greater than that of air molecules, the centrifugal force they experience is much greater than that of air. Therefore, they are quickly thrown towards the inner wall of the filter chamber 3 (i.e., the inner wall of the support tank 1). The dust particles thrown to the inner wall slide vertically down the wall under the action of gravity and finally fall into the dust collection box 12 at the lower end of the support tank 1 for collection. After preliminary purification, the airflow that has lost most of the dust will gradually converge towards the sleeve 2 with the movement of the rotating airflow. Finally, it will be extracted by the exhaust fan through the air outlet pipe 51 on the sleeve 2, realizing the complete dust separation and clean airflow discharge process.

[0083] S3: Water curtain dust filtration. The filter liquid in the sleeve 2 is pressurized and transported to the water storage box 61 by a pump. The water in the water storage box 61 forms a uniform water curtain in the air inlet frame 4 through multiple nozzles 611. The water curtain is like a fine water net. When the dust-laden airflow enters the air inlet frame 4, the dust particles in the airflow will be effectively intercepted by the water curtain. Larger dust particles are directly captured by water droplets and fall with the water flow; fine dust combines with water droplets to form dust-laden liquid droplets, which either enter the filter chamber 3 with the airflow for further separation, or fall into the funnel 63 fixedly installed on the air inlet frame 4 due to their increased weight. The funnel 63 is located directly below the nozzles 611.

[0084] S4: Liquid-gas contact. A portion of the filter liquid entering the water storage box 61 will enter the diversion pipe 66. One end of the diversion pipe 66 extends through the support tank 1 to the starting end 651. After passing through the diversion pipe 66, the filter liquid enters the starting end 651 of the spiral guide channel 65. Due to the tension of the filter liquid and the spiral descent of the airflow, the filter liquid will flow along the inner wall of the spiral guide channel 65 and then be discharged from the ending end 652.

[0085] The spiraling downward airflow will come into contact with the filter liquid in the spiral guide groove 65. The airflow and the filter liquid (liquid film) in the spiral guide groove 65 will form a state of flowing in the same direction and in close contact. The residual dust (especially fine particles) in the airflow that is not intercepted by the water curtain will continuously collide and contact the liquid film on the cavity wall during the rotation process, and be adsorbed and wrapped by the liquid film. This not only reduces the direct wear and adhesion of dust to the cavity wall, but also further reduces the dust concentration in the airflow.

[0086] S5: Liquid volume adjustment. When the adjustment knob 74 is turned, the adjustment tube 72 will rotate synchronously, causing the long guide hole 73 on the adjustment tube 72 to rotate accordingly, thereby aligning with the liquid outlet 71 at different heights. When the long guide hole 73 is aligned with the liquid outlet 71 at a higher position, only the filter liquid at or below that height can enter the adjustment tube 72 through the liquid outlet 71 and the long guide hole 73 (and then flow into the water inlet pipe 62 through the connecting hole 721). The water level in the sleeve 2 will be maintained at the height corresponding to the liquid outlet 71. If the knob is turned so that the long guide hole 73 is aligned with the liquid outlet 71 at a lower position, the water level in the sleeve 2 will drop to that height, thereby achieving step-by-step control of the filter liquid level.

[0087] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust removal and purification device for conveying building materials, comprising a support tank, a dust discharge port at the lower end of the support tank, and a sleeve passing through the upper end of the support tank, characterized in that: A filter chamber is formed between the sleeve and the support tank. An air inlet frame connected to the filter chamber is provided on one side of the support tank. The support tank is equipped with: Cyclone dust filter located inside the filtration chamber; The dust collector is located on the air inlet frame; The cyclone dust filter includes an air outlet pipe installed on a sleeve, spiral blades installed inside the sleeve and located in the filter chamber, an air inlet frame located at the upper end of the spiral blades, and a gap reserved between the spiral blades and the filter chamber. The dust collector includes a water storage box installed on the air inlet frame, and multiple nozzles located inside the air inlet frame are installed at the lower end of the water storage box; The water storage box is equipped with a water inlet pipe, one end of which extends into the sleeve. The inner wall of the filter chamber is provided with a spiral guide groove, with the upper end of the spiral guide groove being the starting end and the lower end being the ending end. A diversion pipe is installed on the water storage box, with one end of the diversion pipe extending through the support tank to the starting end; One end of the inlet pipe is equipped with an outlet pipe, the upper end of which passes through the sleeve, and multiple outlet holes located inside the sleeve are opened on the outlet pipe. A regulating tube is rotatably installed inside the liquid outlet pipe, and a long guide hole corresponding to the liquid outlet hole is opened on the regulating tube. Multiple liquid outlet holes are arranged in a spiral stepped pattern on the liquid outlet pipe; The regulating tube is equipped with an adjusting knob located at the lower end of the sleeve. The adjusting knob has notches that correspond one-to-one with the liquid outlet holes. A slide bar corresponding to the notch is slidably mounted on the sleeve. A return spring is provided at the end of the slide bar that is away from the adjusting knob. A filtrate circulator is installed on the inlet pipe; The filtrate circulator includes a circulation tank installed on the inlet pipe, a piston that is slidably installed inside the circulation tank, and a reciprocating screw that is threadedly connected to the piston and rotates through the circulation tank. The piston is equipped with a check valve.

2. The dust removal and purification device for conveying building materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water-separating plate is installed at the bottom of the sleeve, and a one-way valve is installed on the water-separating plate.

3. The dust removal and purification device for conveying building materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet frame is equipped with a funnel located directly below the nozzle. A water outlet pipe is installed at the lower end of the funnel. One end of the water outlet pipe passes through the support tank and the baffle plate and connects to the sleeve in sequence.

4. The dust removal and purification device for conveying building materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter chamber is equipped with an annular groove plate located at the lower end of the spiral guide groove, and a drain pipe connected to the outlet pipe is connected to the annular groove plate.

5. A method for dust removal and purification for conveying building materials, comprising a dust removal and purification device for conveying building materials as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Its usage includes the following steps: S1: Exhaust and intake. The exhaust fan is connected to the exhaust pipe on the sleeve. After starting, a negative pressure environment is formed in the exhaust pipe and inside the filter chamber. When the dust-laden airflow generated by the conveying of building materials is sucked into the air inlet frame by the negative pressure, the airflow directly enters the filter chamber because the air inlet frame is located at the upper end of the spiral blades inside the filter chamber. Under the forced guidance of the spiral blades, the airflow rotates downward at high speed. S2: Gravity separation. Since the mass of dust particles is much greater than that of air molecules, the centrifugal force they experience is much greater than that of air. Therefore, they are quickly thrown towards the inner wall of the filter chamber. The dust particles thrown towards the inner wall slide vertically down the wall under the action of gravity and finally fall into the dust collection box at the bottom of the support tank to complete the collection. S3: Water curtain dust filtration. The filter liquid in the sleeve is pressurized and transported to the water storage box by pump. The water in the water storage box forms a uniform water curtain in the air inlet frame through multiple nozzles. The water curtain is like a fine water net. When the dust-laden airflow enters the air inlet frame, the dust particles in the airflow are effectively intercepted by the water curtain. Larger dust particles are directly captured by water droplets and fall with the water flow. S4: Liquid-gas contact, the spiraling downward airflow comes into contact with the filter liquid in the spiral guide channel, the airflow and the filter liquid in the spiral guide channel form a state of flowing in the same direction and close contact, the residual dust in the airflow that is not intercepted by the water curtain continuously hits and contacts the liquid film on the cavity wall during the rotation, and is adsorbed and wrapped by the liquid film, further reducing the dust concentration in the airflow.

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