Gypsum-based light-weight energy storage function integrated building material

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of energy storage building materials, and discloses a gypsum-based light energy storage functional integrated building material, which is composed of a gypsum-based cementing material, a conductor precursor, porous light aggregates, chemical admixtures and mixing water, wherein the conductor precursor is composed of carbon nanomaterials, alkali metal sulfate, an anionic surfactant and water; through multi-dimensional material design, the conductor precursor prepared by using a hydrothermal / solvent thermal method has extremely high activity, the porous light aggregates and the chemical admixtures are introduced, and an "ion-electron" mixed conductive network is effectively constructed in the gypsum matrix, so that the electrochemical energy storage performance of the composite material is significantly improved, the integrated gypsum-based building material with excellent mechanical properties and high-efficiency electrochemical energy storage function is obtained, and the energy storage of the building envelope structure is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy storage building materials technology, specifically relating to a gypsum-based lightweight integrated energy storage building material. Background Technology

[0002] Gypsum, as a traditional inorganic cementitious material, is widely used in interior partitions, ceilings, and plastering due to its advantages such as lightweight, fire resistance, sound absorption, and moisture regulation. However, under the general trend of building energy conservation and intelligence, the problem of the single function of traditional gypsum building materials is becoming increasingly prominent. In existing technologies, such as the patent document "A phosphogypsum-based composite phase change energy storage material and its preparation method" (CN113845887B), a phase change energy storage material is obtained by using thermally conductive porous phosphogypsum as support and expanded graphite as thermally conductive filler, through micro-disturbance technology and vacuum drying composite technology; and the patent document "A solar lightweight energy storage and insulation material and its preparation method" (CN114014554B), a solar lightweight energy storage and insulation material prepared with phosphogypsum waste residue as the main raw material, mostly involves incorporating phase change materials into gypsum to achieve thermal energy storage. Electrochemical energy storage primarily utilizes polymer-cement-based materials. For example, patent document "A Method for Preparing a High-Ion-Conductivity Cement-Based Structured Electrolyte" (CN119638304B) employs phase separation technology to separate the elastic phase of the polymer network, making the cement hydration process the framework of the polymer network and achieving continuous high-pass ion channels. However, this method suffers from limited energy storage density, poor cycle stability, and the inability to store electrical energy. Another example is patent document "A Flexible Ferroaluminate Cement-Based Supercapacitor and Its Preparation Method" (CN120199623B), which uses rGO / Ni as the positive electrode, rGO@α-Fe2O3 spindle / Ni as the negative electrode, and assembles a flexible cement-based solid electrolyte using polyacrylamide-cement-emulsion-latex powder-water-KOH. However, this method involves a complex manufacturing process. Developing new building materials that can be deeply integrated with building structures and possess energy storage capabilities has become an urgent problem to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this invention provides a gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material. In view of the single function of traditional interior wall materials, this invention integrates the building material function of gypsum with the electrochemical capacitor energy storage function through multi-dimensional material design, so as to realize the self-storage of energy in the building structure.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material, comprising the following raw material components by weight: 40-60 parts of gypsum-based cementitious material, 10-30 parts of conductor precursor, 20-40 parts of porous lightweight aggregate, 0.1-0.5 parts of chemical admixture, and 40-60 parts of mixing water.

[0005] The raw material components of the conductor precursor include: carbon nanomaterials, alkali metal sulfates, anionic surfactants, and water.

[0006] Among them, the gypsum-based cementitious material uses calcium sulfate hemihydrate obtained by calcining desulfurized gypsum and phosphogypsum industrial by-product gypsum.

[0007] The porous lightweight aggregate is one or more of expanded vitrified microspheres, closed-cell perlite, or foamed glass microspheres with a fineness of 30-50 mesh. The thermal conductivity of expanded vitrified microspheres is 0.028-0.054 W / (m·K); the thermal conductivity of closed-cell perlite is 0.047-0.054 W / (m·K); and the thermal conductivity of foamed glass microspheres is 0.04-0.056 W / (m·K).

[0008] The chemical admixture is a mixture of polycarboxylic acid solution (PCE) with a solid content of ≥35% and protein retarder (SP), with a mass ratio of PCE to SP of 4:1.

[0009] The carbon nanomaterial is any one of carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphene (GO), or carbon black.

[0010] Among them, carboxylated carbon nanotubes have a diameter of 1–2 nm, a length of 10–30 μm, and a specific surface area of ​​450–650 m². 2 / g, conductivity >10⁵ S / m; graphene thickness 0.5–4 nm, sheet diameter D 50 15–35 μm, specific surface area 650–900 m² 2 / g, electrical conductivity >105 S / m; carbon black particle size 20-30 nm, specific surface area 450-600 m² 2 / g, conductivity >100S / m.

[0011] Alkali metal sulfates are lithium sulfate (Li2SO4) or sodium sulfate (Na2SO4).

[0012] The anionic surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).

[0013] A method for preparing gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building materials, including the preparation of conductor precursors and the preparation of gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building materials;

[0014] The preparation process of the conductor precursor includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Prepare an anionic surfactant solution with a mass ratio of 0.2-0.5%. Add the carbon nanomaterials to 100 parts by weight of the anionic surfactant solution and sonicate them in a cell ultrasonic disperser for 1 hour to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion.

[0016] Step 2: Weigh the alkali metal sulfate according to the mass ratio of carbon nanomaterials to alkali metal sulfate of 1:9 to 3:7, prepare a clear and transparent saturated alkali metal sulfate solution, and slowly add the saturated alkali metal sulfate solution dropwise to the carbon nanomaterial dispersion under magnetic stirring at 500 r / min, and continue stirring for 1 hour to form a uniform mixed solution.

[0017] Step 3: Place the well-mixed solution from the previous step into a reaction vessel, heat at 140℃~180℃ for 12 hours, wash the black gel-like substance 3~5 times, centrifuge and filter, and dry at 60℃~80℃ for 12 hours to obtain the conductor precursor powder.

[0018] The preparation process of gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building materials includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Mix the gypsum-based cementitious material, conductor precursor, and porous lightweight aggregate in dry powder form at a stirring speed of 100 r / min to obtain a dry powder mixture.

[0020] Step 2: Disperse the chemical additives evenly in the mixing water to obtain the mixing solution;

[0021] Step 3: Add the dry powder mixture to the mixing liquid and stir evenly at a stirring speed of 300 r / min to obtain a slurry. Then, shape it and cure it at room temperature to obtain a gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material.

[0022] This invention abandons the physical integration approach of simply embedding external energy storage devices (such as batteries) into the wall. Instead, it adopts a "material functionalization" strategy, which uses widely available, green and low-carbon industrial by-product gypsum as a mechanical framework and ion transport matrix, so that it can also serve as a carrier for energy storage.

[0023] The energy storage mechanism of this invention does not rely on traditional electrochemical reactions, but is based on the principle of double-layer capacitance through physical adsorption. This allows both the ion transport phase and the electron transport phase to form continuous and interwoven networks within the gypsum matrix, effectively constructing an ion-electron hybrid conductive network. This significantly enhances the electrochemical energy storage performance of the final composite material, ultimately resulting in an integrated gypsum-based building material with both excellent mechanical properties and efficient electrochemical energy storage capabilities. This achieves highly efficient energy storage and release capabilities in large-volume building envelope materials, realizing self-storage of energy in the building envelope structure.

[0024] This invention utilizes a hydrothermal / solvothermal method to prepare a conductor precursor with extremely high activity. This is because, on the one hand, sulfate ions can use the surface and defect sites of carbon materials (such as graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes) as nucleation sites for "in-situ crystallization" and "directional growth," forming a tight bond with the carbon skeleton of the carbon material. On the other hand, the oxygen-containing functional groups (-COOH, -OH) on the surface of the carbon material coordinate with metal ions (Li⁺, Na⁺) in the solution to form interfacial bonds, which improves the structural stability of the precursor and the interfacial charge transport efficiency.

[0025] The introduction of porous lightweight aggregate in this invention not only effectively reduces the material density, which is in line with the trend of lightweight building, but also provides additional channels for ion transport through its internal pores and further increases the specific surface area.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The conductor precursor prepared by the hydrothermal / solvothermal method has extremely high activity. By introducing porous lightweight aggregates and chemical additives, and using industrial by-product gypsum as the matrix raw material, a "ion-electron" hybrid conductive network is effectively constructed in the gypsum matrix, which significantly improves the electrochemical energy storage performance of the composite material. This results in an integrated gypsum-based building material with both excellent mechanical properties and efficient electrochemical energy storage function. It also endows the material with significant electrostatic energy storage capacity, enabling the autonomous storage and on-demand release of energy in the building envelope, and providing a new material solution for building energy conservation and distributed energy storage. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the application structure of the gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material of the present invention.

[0028] The markings in the diagram are: 1. Substrate; 2. Coating; 3. Electrode; 4. Gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods; and the reagents and materials used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0031] The gypsum-based cementitious material is calcium sulfate hemihydrate obtained by calcining desulfurized gypsum and phosphogypsum industrial by-product gypsum.

[0032] The porous lightweight aggregate is one or more of expanded vitrified microspheres, closed-cell perlite, or foamed glass microspheres with a fineness of 30-50 mesh. The thermal conductivity of expanded vitrified microspheres is 0.028-0.054 W / (m·K); the thermal conductivity of closed-cell perlite is 0.047-0.054 W / (m·K); and the thermal conductivity of foamed glass microspheres is 0.04-0.056 W / (m·K).

[0033] The chemical admixture is a mixture of polycarboxylic acid solution (PCE) with a solid content of ≥35% and protein retarder (SP), with a mass ratio of PCE to SP of 4:1.

[0034] The carbon nanomaterial is any one of carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphene (GO), or carbon black.

[0035] Among them, carboxylated carbon nanotubes have a diameter of 1–2 nm, a length of 10–30 μm, and a specific surface area of ​​450–650 m². 2 / g, conductivity >10⁵ S / m; graphene thickness 0.5–4 nm, sheet diameter D 50 15–35 μm, specific surface area 650–900 m² 2 / g, electrical conductivity >105 S / m; carbon black particle size 20-30 nm, specific surface area 450-600 m² 2 / g, conductivity >100S / m.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material, the raw material components by weight are: 60 parts of gypsum-based cementitious material, 10 parts of conductor precursor, 30 parts of expanded vitrified microspheres, 0.5 parts of chemical additives, and 60 parts of mixing water; the gypsum-based cementitious material is calcium sulfate hemihydrate obtained by calcining desulfurized gypsum as raw material.

[0038] The conductor precursors used are: carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNTs), lithium sulfate (Li2SO4), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).

[0039] The preparation process of the conductor precursor is as follows: (1) Prepare a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution with a mass ratio of 0.2%, add carboxylated carbon nanotubes to 100 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, and sonicate in a cell ultrasonic disperser for 1 hour to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion; (2) Weigh lithium sulfate according to the mass ratio of carboxylated carbon nanotubes to lithium sulfate of 1:9, prepare a saturated lithium sulfate solution, and slowly add the saturated lithium sulfate solution dropwise to the carbon nanomaterial dispersion under magnetic stirring at 500 r / min, and continue stirring for 1 hour to form a uniform mixed solution; (3) Put the mixed solution into a reaction vessel, heat at 180°C for 12 hours, wash the black gel-like substance 5 times, centrifuge and filter, and dry at 80°C for 12 hours to obtain conductor precursor powder.

[0040] The measured key performance indicators of the conductor precursor are: electronic conductivity 5×10⁻⁶ -5 S / cm; Ionic conductivity 3×10 -4 S / cm.

[0041] The preparation process of gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material is as follows: (1) Mix hemihydrate calcium sulfate, conductor precursor and expanded vitrified microspheres in dry powder state at a stirring speed of 100r / min to obtain a dry powder mixture; (2) Disperse chemical additives evenly in mixing water to obtain mixing liquid; (3) Add the dry powder mixture to the mixing liquid and stir evenly at a stirring speed of 300r / min to obtain slurry, and form it, cure it at room temperature to obtain gypsum-based integrated building material with lightweight energy storage.

[0042] The key performance indicators of the gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material prepared in this embodiment are as follows: Measured value of bulk density 0.83 kg / m³ 3 Thermal conductivity: 0.137 W / (m·K); Compressive strength: 9.3 MPa; Flexural strength: 4.1 MPa; Stored energy density: 1.6 W·h / m³ 2 At a current density of 0.5 A / g, the specific capacitance reaches 42 F / g.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] A gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material, the raw material components by weight are: 50 parts of gypsum-based cementitious material, 30 parts of conductor precursor, 40 parts of closed-cell perlite, 0.4 parts of chemical admixture, and 50 parts of mixing water; the gypsum-based cementitious material is calcium sulfate hemihydrate obtained by calcining gypsum, a by-product of the phosphogypsum industry.

[0045] The conductor precursors used are: carbon nanomaterials including graphene (GO), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).

[0046] The preparation process of the conductor precursor includes the following steps: (1) Prepare a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution with a mass ratio of 0.3%, add graphene to 100 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, and ultrasonically disperse in a cell ultrasonic disperser for 1 hour to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion; (2) Weigh sodium sulfate according to the mass ratio of graphene to sodium sulfate of 1:7, prepare a saturated sodium sulfate solution, and slowly add the saturated sodium sulfate solution dropwise to the carbon nanomaterial dispersion under magnetic stirring at 500 r / min, and continue stirring for 1 hour to form a uniform mixed solution; (3) Put the mixed solution into a reaction vessel, heat at 160°C for 12 hours, wash the black gel-like substance 4 times, centrifuge and filter, and dry at 70°C for 12 hours to obtain conductor precursor powder.

[0047] The measured key performance indicators of the conductor precursor are: electronic conductivity 2×10⁻⁶ -1 S / cm; Ionic conductivity 8×10 -6 S / cm.

[0048] The preparation process of gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material includes the following steps: (1) Mix hemihydrate calcium sulfate, conductor precursor and closed-cell perlite in dry powder state at a stirring speed of 100r / min to obtain a dry powder mixture; (2) Disperse chemical additives evenly in mixing water to obtain a mixing liquid; (3) Add the dry powder mixture to the mixing liquid and stir evenly at a stirring speed of 300r / min to obtain a slurry, and form it, and cure it at room temperature to obtain a gypsum-based integrated building material with lightweight energy storage.

[0049] The key performance indicators of the gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material prepared in this embodiment are as follows: Measured bulk density 0.62 kg / m³ 3 Thermal conductivity: 0.075 W / (m·K); Compressive strength: 7.6 MPa; Flexural strength: 2.8 MPa; Energy storage density: 3.5 W·h / m³ 2 At a current density of 0.5 A / g, the specific capacitance reaches 51 F / g.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] A gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material, the raw material components by weight are: 40 parts of gypsum-based cementitious material, 20 parts of conductor precursor, 20 parts of foamed glass microspheres, 0.1 parts of chemical additives, and 40 parts of mixing water; the gypsum-based cementitious material is calcium sulfate hemihydrate obtained by calcining gypsum, a by-product of the phosphogypsum industry.

[0052] The conductor precursors used are carbon nanomaterials, namely carbon black, lithium sulfate (Li2SO4), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).

[0053] The preparation process of the conductor precursor includes the following steps: (1) Prepare a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution with a mass ratio of 0.4%, add carbon black to 100 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, and ultrasonically disperse in a cell ultrasonic disperser for 1 hour to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion; (2) Weigh lithium sulfate according to the mass ratio of carbon black to lithium sulfate of 2:8, prepare a saturated lithium sulfate solution, and slowly add the saturated lithium sulfate solution dropwise to the carbon nanomaterial dispersion under magnetic stirring at 500 r / min, and continue stirring for 1 hour to form a uniform mixed solution; (3) Put the mixed solution into a reaction vessel, heat at 140°C for 12 hours, wash the black gel-like substance three times, centrifuge and filter, and dry at 60°C for 12 hours to obtain conductor precursor powder.

[0054] The measured key performance indicators of the conductor precursor are: electronic conductivity 2.8 × 10⁻⁶. -2 S / cm; Ionic conductivity 3.6×10 -5 S / cm.

[0055] The preparation process of gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material includes the following steps: (1) Mix calcium sulfate hemihydrate, conductor precursor and foam glass microspheres in dry powder state at a stirring speed of 100r / min to obtain a dry powder mixture; (2) Disperse chemical additives evenly in mixing water to obtain a mixing liquid; (3) Add the dry powder mixture to the mixing liquid and stir evenly at a stirring speed of 300r / min to obtain a slurry, and form it, and cure it at room temperature to obtain a gypsum-based integrated building material with lightweight energy storage.

[0056] The key performance indicators of the gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material prepared in this embodiment are as follows: Measured value of bulk density 0.81 kg / m³ 3 Thermal conductivity: 0.134 W / (m·K); Compressive strength: 8.9 MPa; Flexural strength: 2.5 MPa; Stored energy density: 2.7 W·h / m³ 2 At a current density of 0.5 A / g, the specific capacitance reaches 48 F / g.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] A gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material, the raw material components by weight are: 45 parts gypsum-based cementitious material, 15 parts conductor precursor, 20 parts expanded vitrified microspheres, 15 parts closed-cell perlite, 0.3 parts chemical admixture, and 45 parts mixing water; the gypsum-based cementitious material is calcium sulfate hemihydrate obtained by calcining desulfurized gypsum as raw material.

[0059] The conductor precursors used are: carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNTs), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).

[0060] The preparation process of the conductor precursor includes the following steps: (1) Prepare a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution with a mass ratio of 0.5%, add carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to 100 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, and sonicate in a cell ultrasonic disperser for 1 hour to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion; (2) Weigh sodium sulfate according to the mass ratio of carboxylated carbon nanotubes to sodium sulfate of 3:7, prepare a saturated sodium sulfate solution, and slowly add the saturated sodium sulfate solution dropwise to the carbon nanomaterial dispersion under magnetic stirring at 500 r / min, and continue stirring for 1 hour to form a uniform mixed solution; (3) Put the mixed solution into a reaction vessel, heat at 170°C for 12 hours, wash the black gel-like substance 5 times, centrifuge and filter, and dry at 75°C for 12 hours to obtain conductor precursor powder.

[0061] The measured key performance indicators of the conductor precursor are: electronic conductivity 3.8 × 10⁻⁶. -3 S / cm; Ionic conductivity: 1.7×10 -6 S / cm.

[0062] The preparation process of gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material includes the following steps: (1) Mix hemihydrate calcium sulfate, conductor precursor, expanded vitrified microspheres and closed-cell perlite in dry powder state at a stirring speed of 100 r / min to obtain a dry powder mixture; (2) Disperse chemical additives evenly in mixing water to obtain a mixing liquid; (3) Add the dry powder mixture to the mixing liquid and stir evenly at a stirring speed of 300 r / min to obtain a slurry, and form it, and cure it at room temperature to obtain a gypsum-based integrated building material with lightweight energy storage.

[0063] The key performance indicators of the gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material prepared in this embodiment are as follows: Measured value of bulk density 0.74 kg / m³ 3 Thermal conductivity 0.092 W / (m·K); compressive strength 8.4 MPa; flexural strength 2.2 MPa; energy storage density 2.3 W·h / m³ 2 At a current density of 0.5 A / g, the specific capacitance reaches 45 F / g.

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] A gypsum-based building material, the raw material components by weight are: 100 parts of gypsum-based cementitious material, 0.5 parts of chemical admixture, and 60 parts of mixing water; the gypsum-based cementitious material is calcium sulfate hemihydrate obtained by calcining desulfurized gypsum as raw material.

[0066] The preparation process of gypsum-based building materials includes the following steps: (1) uniformly dispersing chemical additives in mixing water to obtain mixing liquid; (2) adding hemihydrate calcium sulfate to the mixing liquid and stirring evenly at a stirring speed of 300r / min to obtain slurry, and molding it, curing and hardening it at room temperature to obtain gypsum-based building materials.

[0067] The measured values ​​of the key performance indicators of the gypsum-based building material prepared in Comparative Example 1 are: bulk density 1.76 kg / m³ 3 Thermal conductivity 0.288 W / (m·K); compressive strength 15.2 MPa; flexural strength 4.6 MPa; specific capacitance at a current density of 0.5 A / g reaches 0.03 F / g.

[0068] Comparative Example 2

[0069] A gypsum-based lightweight building material, comprising the following raw material components by weight: 60 parts gypsum-based cementitious material, 30 parts expanded vitrified microspheres, 0.5 parts chemical admixture, and 60 parts mixing water; the gypsum-based cementitious material is calcium sulfate hemihydrate obtained by calcining desulfurized gypsum.

[0070] The preparation process of gypsum-based building materials includes the following steps: (1) Mixing hemihydrate calcium sulfate and expanded vitrified microspheres in dry powder state at a stirring speed of 100 r / min to obtain a dry powder mixture; (2) Dispersing chemical additives evenly in mixing water to obtain a mixing liquid; (3) Adding the dry powder mixture to the mixing liquid and stirring evenly at a stirring speed of 300 r / min to obtain a slurry, and molding it, curing and hardening it at room temperature to obtain a lightweight gypsum-based functional building material.

[0071] The measured values ​​of the key performance indicators of the gypsum-based building material prepared in Comparative Example 2 are: bulk density 0.83 kg / m³ 3 Thermal conductivity 0.136 W / (m·K); compressive strength 9.1 MPa; flexural strength 3.9 MPa; specific capacitance at a current density of 0.5 A / g reaches 0.02 F / g.

[0072] Comparative Example 1 used pure gypsum-based cementitious material without adding porous lightweight aggregate or conductor precursor. Therefore, it had a high bulk density (1.76 kg / m³) and high compressive strength (15.2 MPa), but extremely low specific capacitance (0.03 F / g), indicating almost no energy storage function. Comparative Example 2 added porous lightweight aggregate (expanded vitrified microspheres) but no conductor precursor. Therefore, its bulk density was significantly reduced (0.83 kg / m³), and its compressive strength decreased to 9.1 MPa. However, its specific capacitance remained extremely low (0.02 F / g), indicating that while it was lightweight, it lacked energy storage function.

[0073] Examples 1-4 simultaneously added porous lightweight aggregate and conductive precursor, which significantly improved the specific capacitance while maintaining lightweight and mechanical properties. In other words, it not only meets the functional requirements but also has electrochemical energy storage function, forming a gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material.

[0074] In practical applications, the gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material 4 of the present invention is fixed on a light steel keel or wooden keel base 1. A coating 2 is applied to the outer surface of the gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material to form an interior partition wall, ceiling, or cabinet partition. The positive and negative electrode 3 leads from the material are connected in parallel and / or series to the building's energy network (such as photovoltaic panels, mains power grid) and loads (such as lighting, sockets), ultimately realizing the storage and release of energy.

[0075] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the examples, but the scope of protection of the present invention should not be limited thereto. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any changes made within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material, characterized in that, The raw material components, by weight, are as follows: 40-60 parts of gypsum-based cementitious material, 10-30 parts of conductor precursor, 20-40 parts of porous lightweight aggregate, 0.1-0.5 parts of chemical admixture, and 40-60 parts of mixing water; The raw material components of the conductor precursor include: carbon nanomaterials, alkali metal sulfates, anionic surfactants, and water. The preparation process of the conductor precursor includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare an anionic surfactant solution with a mass ratio of 0.2-0.5%. Add the carbon nanomaterials to 100 parts by weight of the anionic surfactant solution and sonicate them in a cell ultrasonic disperser for 1 hour to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion. Step 2: Weigh the alkali metal sulfate according to the mass ratio of carbon nanomaterials to alkali metal sulfates of 1:9 to 3:7, prepare a clear and transparent saturated alkali metal sulfate solution, and slowly add the saturated salt solution dropwise to the carbon nanomaterial dispersion under magnetic stirring at 500 r / min, and continue stirring for 1 hour to form a uniform mixed solution. Step 3: Place the well-mixed solution from the previous step into a reaction vessel, heat it at 140℃~180℃ for 12 hours, wash the black gel-like substance 3~5 times, centrifuge and filter it, and dry it at 60℃~80℃ for 12 hours to obtain the conductor precursor powder. The preparation method of gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material includes the following steps: Step 1: Mix the gypsum-based cementitious material, conductor precursor, and porous lightweight aggregate in dry powder form at a stirring speed of 100 r / min to obtain a dry powder mixture. Step 2: Disperse the chemical additives evenly in the mixing water to obtain the mixing solution; Step 3: Add the dry powder mixture to the mixing liquid and stir evenly at a stirring speed of 300 r / min to obtain a slurry. Then, shape it and cure it at room temperature to obtain a gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material.

2. The gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gypsum-based cementitious material uses calcium sulfate hemihydrate obtained by calcining desulfurized gypsum and phosphogypsum as raw materials.

3. The gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous lightweight aggregate is one or more of expanded vitrified microspheres, closed-cell perlite, or foam glass microspheres with a fineness of 30-50 mesh; the thermal conductivity of expanded vitrified microspheres is 0.028-0.054 W / (m·K); the thermal conductivity of closed-cell perlite is 0.047-0.054 W / (m·K); and the thermal conductivity of foam glass microspheres is 0.04-0.056 W / (m·K).

4. The gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical admixture is a mixture of polycarboxylic acid solution with a solid content of ≥35% and a protein retarder, with a mass ratio of polycarboxylic acid solution to protein retarder of 4:

1.

5. The gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon nanomaterial is any one of carboxylated carbon nanotubes, graphene, or carbon black.

6. The gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material according to claim 5, characterized in that: Carboxylated carbon nanotubes have a diameter of 1–2 nm, a length of 10–30 μm, and a specific surface area of ​​450–650 m². 2 / g, conductivity >10⁵ S / m; graphene thickness 0.5–4 nm, sheet diameter D 50 15–35 μm, specific surface area 650–900 m² 2 / g, electrical conductivity >105 S / m; carbon black particle size 20-30 nm, specific surface area 450-600 m² 2 / g, conductivity >100S / m.

7. The gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Alkali metal sulfates are lithium sulfate or sodium sulfate.

8. The gypsum-based lightweight energy storage integrated building material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anionic surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate.

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