Flame-retardant cooling liquid, method for preparing the same, submerged energy storage device, data center, and electric device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of energy storage safety, and particularly discloses a fire-retardant cooling liquid, a preparation method thereof, an immersion type energy storage device, a data center and an electric equipment. By introducing specific modifiers, i.e. at least one of liquid halogenated alkanes containing 2-6 carbon atoms, liquid halogenated alkenes, liquid halogenated ketones and liquid halogenated cycloalkanes containing 3-6 carbon atoms, into base oil, the system viscosity is effectively reduced, the heat dissipation performance is improved, the insulation performance of the base oil is significantly improved, and the fire resistance of the base oil is further enhanced. Therefore, the application can consider environmental protection and safety, significantly improve the heat management efficiency of the cooling liquid, and has a good application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage safety technology, specifically to a flame-retardant coolant and its preparation method, an immersion energy storage device, a data center, and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] As the core of immersion energy storage devices and immersion liquid-cooled data centers, the thermophysical properties of coolant directly affect the operating performance of lithium battery systems and data centers. Currently, the coolants used in immersion thermal management systems at home and abroad are mainly divided into: fluorinated liquids, hydrocarbons, esters, and silicone oils. The basic principles for their selection mainly include: (1) high insulation performance to ensure non-conductivity; (2) excellent thermal conductivity to ensure timely heat dissipation; (3) excellent flame retardant performance to prevent the spread of thermal runaway; (4) material compatibility to avoid corrosion of materials in lithium battery systems; and (5) no irritating odor, which is conducive to large-scale preparation and application. In addition, with the increasing severity of global climate change and environmental problems, improving the biodegradability rate of coolant, ensuring that coolant decomposes quickly in the environment, and reducing pollution and damage to the environment are receiving increasing attention.

[0003] However, existing coolants struggle to achieve high biodegradability while simultaneously maintaining high heat dissipation, high insulation, and high flame retardancy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, one object of this invention is to provide a flame-retardant coolant that, while possessing high biodegradability, also exhibits high heat dissipation performance, high insulation performance, and high flame-retardant performance.

[0005] Specifically, the first aspect of the present invention provides a flame-retardant coolant, comprising a base oil and a modifier;

[0006] The base oil includes one or more of silicone oil, synthetic ester, and natural ester;

[0007] The modifier is a liquid, and the modifier includes one or more of the following: haloalkanes containing 2-6 carbon atoms, haloolefins containing 2-6 carbon atoms, haloketones containing 2-6 carbon atoms, and halocycloalkanes containing 3-6 carbon atoms.

[0008] Related technologies have developed a coolant with both good flame retardancy and high electrical insulation by modifying mineral oil for flame retardancy. However, mineral oil suffers from poor biodegradability and is difficult to decompose in the natural environment, failing to meet the energy storage market's demand for highly biodegradable coolants. Compared to mineral oil, base oils such as silicone oil, synthetic esters, and natural esters have superior biodegradability, but their higher viscosity leads to insufficient heat dissipation performance, making it difficult to meet the high-efficiency heat dissipation requirements of immersion energy storage cooling systems; furthermore, the insulation properties of these base oils still need further improvement. This invention introduces a specific modifier into the base oil, namely at least one of liquid haloalkanes, liquid haloolefins, liquid haloketones, or liquid halocycloalkanes containing 2-6 carbon atoms, effectively reducing the system viscosity, improving heat dissipation performance, and significantly enhancing the insulation properties of the base oil while maintaining its high biodegradability, and further strengthening its flame retardancy. Therefore, this invention significantly improves the thermal management efficiency of coolant while taking into account both environmental protection and safety, and has good application prospects.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the modifier contains at least four halogen atoms.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the modifier includes one or more of tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, 1,2-dibromo-1-chloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1,2-dibromohexafluoropropane, hexachloroacetone, hexachloropropylene, hexachlorobutadiene, 1,4-dibromooctafluorobutane, 1,2-dibromohexafluorocyclobutane, 2,3-dichlorooctafluorobutane, 1,2-dichlorohexafluorocyclohexane, and 1,6-dibromoperfluorohexane.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the modifier includes one or more of tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, 1,2-dibromohexafluoropropane, hexachloroacetone, hexachloropropylene, hexachlorobutadiene, and 1,4-dibromooctafluorobutane.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, based on 100 parts by weight of the flame-retardant coolant, the amount of the base oil is 5-95 parts by weight, and the amount of the modifier is 5-95 parts by weight.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, based on 100 parts by weight of the flame-retardant coolant, the amount of the base oil is 20-80 parts by weight, and the amount of the modifier is 20-80 parts by weight.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the silicone oil includes at least one of hydrogen-containing silicone oil, dimethyl silicone oil, and modified silicone oil; the synthetic ester includes at least one of polyol ester, diester, and phosphate ester; and the natural ester includes at least one of plant-based ester oil, animal-based ester oil, and natural ester modified oil.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a flame-retardant coolant according to the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0016] The base oil and modifier are mixed to obtain the flame-retardant coolant;

[0017] The base oil includes one or more of silicone oil, synthetic ester, and natural ester;

[0018] The modifier is a liquid, and the modifier includes one or more of the following: haloalkanes containing 2-6 carbon atoms, haloolefins containing 2-6 carbon atoms, and haloketones containing 2-6 carbon atoms.

[0019] The method of this invention is simple, has low production cost, and is suitable for large-scale industrial application. The flame-retardant coolant prepared by the method of this invention has high biodegradability while also possessing high heat dissipation and high insulation performance, resulting in better safety and environmental protection, and promising application prospects.

[0020] A third aspect of the present invention provides an immersion energy storage device, comprising the flame-retardant coolant of the first aspect of the present invention or the flame-retardant coolant obtained by the method of the second aspect of the present invention.

[0021] Because of the use of the aforementioned flame-retardant coolant, the immersion energy storage device of the present invention has all the advantages of the flame-retardant coolant, which will not be elaborated here.

[0022] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a data center comprising the flame-retardant coolant of the first aspect of the present invention or the flame-retardant coolant obtained by the method of the second aspect of the present invention.

[0023] Because of the use of the aforementioned flame-retardant coolant, the data center of the present invention possesses all the advantages of the flame-retardant coolant, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0024] The fifth aspect of the present invention provides an electrical device, including the immersion energy storage device of the third aspect of the present invention or the data center of the fourth aspect of the present invention.

[0025] Because of the use of the aforementioned flame-retardant coolant, the electrical equipment of the present invention possesses all the advantages of the flame-retardant coolant, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. These embodiments are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0028] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. "Multiple" means two or more. Throughout this document, the terms "comprising" or "including" are open-ended expressions, meaning they include the contents specified in this invention but do not exclude other aspects.

[0029] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0030] While mineral oil possesses excellent low viscosity and insulation properties, its poor biodegradability makes it difficult to degrade effectively in the natural environment, potentially causing pollution to soil, water, and the atmosphere. Silicone oil, synthetic esters, and natural esters, on the other hand, exhibit good biodegradability, but suffer from issues such as high viscosity, poor heat dissipation, inadequate insulation performance, and flammability, making them unsuitable for the high-efficiency heat dissipation and safety requirements of submerged energy storage systems.

[0031] To address the aforementioned limitations, this invention uses highly biodegradable insulating oil as the base oil. By modifying it, while maintaining the high biodegradability of the base oil, the viscosity of the system is effectively reduced, the heat dissipation performance is improved, and the insulation performance of the base oil is significantly enhanced. At the same time, its flame retardancy is further improved, thereby achieving a multi-effect synergistic optimization of environmental protection, safety, and heat dissipation.

[0032] Specifically, the first aspect of the present invention provides a flame-retardant coolant, comprising a base oil and a modifier;

[0033] The base oil includes one or more of silicone oil, synthetic ester, and natural ester;

[0034] The modifier is a liquid, and the modifier includes one or more of the following: haloalkanes containing 2-6 carbon atoms, haloolefins containing 2-6 carbon atoms, haloketones containing 2-6 carbon atoms, and halocycloalkanes containing 3-6 carbon atoms.

[0035] This invention uses at least one of the following as modifiers: liquid haloalkanes containing 2-6 carbon atoms, liquid haloolefins, liquid haloketones, and liquid halocycloalkanes containing 3-6 carbon atoms. This overcomes problems such as high viscosity of the base oil, poor heat dissipation, insufficient insulation performance, and flammability. Specifically, the modifier molecules of this invention are small in size and can be uniformly dispersed in the intermolecular spaces of the base oil, breaking the entanglement and strong interactions between base oil molecules and reducing internal frictional resistance during molecular motion. Furthermore, the modifier itself has low viscosity; its addition to the base oil reduces the overall viscosity, thereby improving the fluidity of the flame-retardant coolant and further enhancing overall heat dissipation performance by strengthening convective heat dissipation. Additionally, the small-molecule halogenated compounds can physically adsorb and encapsulate trace amounts of polar impurities (such as carboxylic acids produced by ester hydrolysis) already present in the base oil, inhibiting their ionization into charge carriers, thereby reducing conductive pathways in the system and improving insulation performance. Moreover, the modifier of this invention can release halogen free radicals, interrupting combustion, and simultaneously generating inert gases to isolate oxygen, thereby improving the flame-retardant performance of the system.

[0036] In some embodiments, the haloalkane contains 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms.

[0037] In some embodiments, the haloolefin contains 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms.

[0038] In some embodiments, the haloolefin may be a monoolefin, diene, or polyolefin.

[0039] In some embodiments, the haloketone contains 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms.

[0040] In some embodiments, the halocycloalkanes contain 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms.

[0041] In some embodiments, the modifier contains at least four halogen atoms. This allows for better modification of the base oil, further improving its heat dissipation, insulation, and flame retardant properties, while maintaining high biodegradability.

[0042] In some specific embodiments, the modifier contains 4, 6, 8, or 10 halogen atoms.

[0043] In some embodiments, the halogen atom includes one or more of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.

[0044] In some specific embodiments, the halogen atom includes one or more of fluorine, chlorine, and bromine.

[0045] In some specific embodiments, the halogen atom comprises a chlorine atom, or the halogen atom comprises fluorine and bromine atoms. When the halogen atom comprises fluorine and bromine atoms, the number of bromine atoms is 1 or 2. Therefore, the liquid modifier has good compatibility with the base oil, which is beneficial for uniform dispersion of the coolant and avoids system stratification due to poor compatibility, which would lead to decreased heat dissipation, insulation, and flame retardancy.

[0046] In some specific embodiments, the modifier includes one or more of the following: haloalkanes containing 2-6 carbon atoms, haloolefins containing 2-6 carbon atoms, and haloketones containing 2-6 carbon atoms.

[0047] In some specific embodiments, the modifier includes one or more of tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, 1,2-dibromo-1-chloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, 1,2-dibromohexafluoropropane, hexachloroacetone, hexachloropropylene, hexachlorobutadiene, 1,4-dibromooctafluorobutane, 1,2-dibromohexafluorocyclobutane, 2,3-dichlorooctafluorobutane, 1,2-dichlorohexafluorocyclohexane, and 1,6-dibromoperfluorohexane. This allows for better modification of the base oil, further improving its heat dissipation, insulation, and flame retardant properties, while maintaining high biodegradability.

[0048] In some specific embodiments, the modifier has a symmetrical molecular structure, thereby having extremely low molecular polarity (or even nonpolarity) and being less prone to ionization to generate free charges, further improving the insulation performance of the coolant.

[0049] In some specific embodiments, the modifier contains 2-4 carbon atoms, for example, 2, 3, or 4 carbon atoms. The modifier includes one or more of tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, 1,2-dibromohexafluoropropane, hexachloroacetone, hexachloropropylene, hexachlorobutadiene, and 1,4-dibromooctafluorobutane. The modifier exhibits good compatibility with the base oil, which facilitates uniform dispersion of the coolant, further improving the heat dissipation, insulation, and flame retardant properties of the base oil, while maintaining high biodegradability. In related technologies, adding flame retardants to base oils typically leads to a significant deterioration in properties such as insulation. However, adding an appropriate amount of the modifier of this invention not only does not degrade the insulation properties of the base oil but also significantly improves them.

[0050] In some embodiments, based on 100 parts by weight of the flame-retardant coolant, the amount of base oil is 5-95 parts by weight, and the amount of modifier is 5-95 parts by weight. If the amount of modifier is too small, the improvement in the heat dissipation and flame-retardant properties of the base oil is not significant; if the amount of modifier is too large, the insulation properties of the coolant deteriorate due to the insufficient amount of base oil.

[0051] In some specific embodiments, based on 100 parts by weight of the flame-retardant coolant, the amount of the base oil is 5 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 25 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 45 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight, 55 parts by weight, 60 parts by weight, 65 parts by weight, 70 parts by weight, 75 parts by weight, 80 parts by weight, 85 parts by weight, 90 parts by weight, or 95 parts by weight.

[0052] In some specific embodiments, based on 100 parts by weight of the flame-retardant coolant, the amount of the modifier is 5 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 25 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 45 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight, 55 parts by weight, 60 parts by weight, 65 parts by weight, 70 parts by weight, 75 parts by weight, 80 parts by weight, 85 parts by weight, 90 parts by weight, or 95 parts by weight.

[0053] In some specific embodiments, based on 100 parts by weight of the flame-retardant coolant, the amount of the base oil is 20-80 parts by weight, and the amount of the modifier is 20-80 parts by weight. This allows the flame-retardant coolant to possess high biodegradability while also maintaining high heat dissipation and high insulation properties, resulting in better overall performance.

[0054] In some embodiments, the silicone oil includes at least one of hydrogen-containing silicone oil, dimethyl silicone oil, and modified silicone oil. As a specific example, the modified silicone oil includes one or more of amino-modified silicone oil, hydroxyl-modified silicone oil, epoxy-modified silicone oil, long-chain alkane-modified silicone oil, olefin-modified silicone oil, and fluorinated silicone oil. This allows for the formation of a flame-retardant coolant with good biodegradability.

[0055] In some embodiments, the synthetic ester comprises at least one of a polyol ester, a diester, and a phosphate ester. As specific examples, the polyol ester comprises one or more of pentaerythritol oleate, pentaerythritol tetraoctanoate, pentaerythritol tetradecanoate, dipentaerythritol hexanonanoate, trimethylolpropane oleate, trimethylolpropane trioctanoate, trimethylolpropane tridecanoate, neopentyl glycol diheptanoate, neopentyl glycol didecanoate, and neopentyl glycol dioctanoate. The diester comprises one or more of dibutyl adipate, diisooctyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, diisooctyl azelate, diisooctyl sebacate, di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, and diisooctyl azelate. The phosphate ester comprises one or more of trioctyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, hexadecyl phosphate, and glyceryl phosphate. Thus, a flame-retardant coolant with good biodegradability can be formed.

[0056] In some embodiments, the natural ester includes at least one of plant-based ester oils, animal-based ester oils, and naturally modified ester oils. As specific examples, the plant-based ester oil includes one or more of soybean oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower seed oil, palm oil, and castor oil. The animal-based ester oil includes one or more of beef hoof oil, tallow, and lard. The naturally modified ester oil includes one or more of rapeseed oil methyl ester, soybean oil methyl ester, palm oil methyl ester, epoxidized soybean oil, epoxidized linseed oil, and tallow methyl ester. Thus, a flame-retardant coolant with good biodegradability can be formed.

[0057] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a flame-retardant coolant according to the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0058] The base oil and modifier are mixed to obtain the flame-retardant coolant;

[0059] The base oil includes one or more of silicone oil, synthetic ester, and natural ester;

[0060] The modifier is a liquid, and the modifier includes one or more of the following: haloalkanes containing 2-6 carbon atoms, haloolefins containing 2-6 carbon atoms, and haloketones containing 2-6 carbon atoms.

[0061] The method of this invention is simple, has low production cost, and is suitable for large-scale industrial application. The flame-retardant coolant prepared by the method of this invention has high biodegradability while also possessing high heat dissipation and high insulation performance, resulting in better safety and environmental protection, and promising application prospects.

[0062] In some embodiments, the mixing temperature can be 40°C-60°C, for example, 40°C, 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, or 60°C. Optimizing the mixing temperature helps to ensure that the components in the flame-retardant coolant are mixed evenly to form a homogeneous system, thus avoiding the deterioration of coolant performance caused by uneven mixing.

[0063] In some embodiments, the mixing time can be 5h-12h, for example, 5h, 7h, 9h, 10h or 12h. By limiting the mixing time within the above range, it can be ensured that the base oil and modifier are fully mixed, and that each component has sufficient time to diffuse throughout the mixture, thereby promoting the uniform dissolution of the modifier into the base oil.

[0064] In some embodiments, the mixing is carried out under stirring. The stirring rate can be 600 r / min to 1000 r / min, for example, 600 r / min, 700 r / min, 800 r / min, 900 r / min or 1000 r / min. This invention does not impose any particular limitation on the mixing method; other commonly used methods can also be used in this invention.

[0065] A third aspect of the present invention provides an immersion energy storage device, comprising the flame-retardant coolant of the first aspect of the present invention or the flame-retardant coolant obtained by the method of the second aspect of the present invention.

[0066] Because of the use of the aforementioned flame-retardant coolant, the immersion energy storage device of the present invention has all the advantages of the flame-retardant coolant, which will not be elaborated here.

[0067] In some embodiments, the submersible energy storage device includes a housing, an energy storage structure disposed within the housing, and a flame-retardant coolant filled within the housing.

[0068] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a data center comprising the flame-retardant coolant of the first aspect of the present invention or the flame-retardant coolant obtained by the method of the second aspect of the present invention.

[0069] Because of the use of the aforementioned flame-retardant coolant, the data center of the present invention possesses all the advantages of the flame-retardant coolant, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0070] The data center is a physical facility designed for centralized storage, processing, and exchange of data, including servers, storage devices, network equipment, and supporting systems (such as power supply systems and cooling systems). It is the core infrastructure for cloud computing and internet services. The cooling system may include the aforementioned flame-retardant coolant for server heat dissipation.

[0071] The fifth aspect of the present invention provides an electrical device, including the immersion energy storage device of the third aspect of the present invention or the data center of the fourth aspect of the present invention.

[0072] Because of the use of the aforementioned flame-retardant coolant, the electrical equipment of the present invention possesses all the advantages of the flame-retardant coolant, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0073] The present invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0076] The flame-retardant coolant of Example 1 was tested for insulation and safety performance.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 80 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 20 parts by weight of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0079] The flame-retardant coolant of Example 2 was tested for insulation and safety performance.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 20 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 80 parts by weight of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0082] The insulation and safety performance of the flame-retardant coolant in Example 3 were tested.

[0083] Example 4

[0084] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 95 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 5 parts by weight of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0085] The physicochemical properties and safety performance of the flame-retardant coolant in Example 4 were tested.

[0086] Example 5

[0087] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 5 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 95 parts by weight of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0088] The insulation and safety performance of the flame-retardant coolant in Example 5 were tested.

[0089] Example 6

[0090] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 99 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 1 part by weight of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0091] The flame-retardant coolant of Example 6 was tested for insulation and safety performance.

[0092] Example 7

[0093] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 1 part by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 99 parts by weight of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0094] The flame-retardant coolant of Example 7 was tested for insulation and safety performance.

[0095] Example 8

[0096] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 80 parts by weight of dimethyl silicone oil and 20 parts by weight of tetrachloroethylene are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0097] The flame-retardant coolant of Example 8 was tested for insulation and safety performance.

[0098] Example 9

[0099] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 60 parts by weight of trioctyl phosphate and 40 parts by weight of hexachloroacetone are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0100] The flame-retardant coolant of Example 9 was tested for insulation and safety performance.

[0101] Example 10

[0102] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 40 parts by weight of soybean oil and 60 parts by weight of hexachloropropylene are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0103] The flame-retardant coolant of Example 10 was tested for insulation and safety performance.

[0104] Example 11

[0105] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of 1,2-dibromohexafluoropropane are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0106] The flame-retardant coolant of Example 11 was tested for insulation and safety performance.

[0107] Example 12

[0108] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of hexachlorobutadiene are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0109] The flame-retardant coolant of Example 12 was tested for insulation and safety performance.

[0110] Example 13

[0111] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of 1,4-dibromooctafluorobutane are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0112] The flame-retardant coolant of Example 13 was tested for insulation and safety performance.

[0113] Example 14

[0114] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of 1,1,2-trichloroethane are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0115] The flame-retardant coolant of Example 14 was tested for insulation and safety performance.

[0116] Example 15

[0117] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of 1,2-dichlorohexafluorocyclohexane are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0118] The flame-retardant coolant of Example 15 was tested for insulation and safety performance.

[0119] Example 16

[0120] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of 2,3-dichlorooctafluorobutane are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0121] The flame-retardant coolant of Example 16 was tested for insulation and safety performance.

[0122] Example 17

[0123] This embodiment provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of 1,2-dibromohexafluorocyclobutane are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0124] The flame-retardant coolant of Example 17 was tested for insulation and safety performance.

[0125] Comparative Example 1

[0126] This comparative example provides a modified coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 60 parts by weight of No. 25 mineral oil and 40 parts by weight of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the modified coolant.

[0127] Insulation and safety performance tests were conducted on the flame-retardant coolant of Comparative Example 1.

[0128] Comparative Example 2

[0129] This comparative example provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of hexachloroethane (solid) are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0130] Insulation and safety performance tests were conducted on the flame-retardant coolant of Comparative Example 2.

[0131] Comparative Example 3

[0132] This comparative example provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of dibromomethane are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0133] Insulation and safety performance tests were conducted on the flame-retardant coolant of Comparative Example 3.

[0134] Comparative Example 4

[0135] This comparative example provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of chlorinated paraffin-42 (containing 42% chlorine, which is a halogenated flame retardant with more than 6 carbon atoms) are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0136] Insulation and safety performance tests were conducted on the flame-retardant coolant of Comparative Example 4.

[0137] Comparative Example 5

[0138] This comparative example provides a flame-retardant coolant, which is prepared by the following method: 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of ammonium polyphosphate are weighed and mixed at 45°C and 800 r / min for 6 hours to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

[0139] Insulation and safety performance tests were conducted on the flame-retardant coolant of Comparative Example 5.

[0140] Table 1 below lists the relevant parameters of the above embodiments and comparative examples.

[0141] Table 1

[0142]

[0143] Performance testing

[0144] (1) Physicochemical performance tests: The biodegradability, kinematic viscosity, and breakdown voltage of the flame-retardant coolants prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were tested according to the test methods in GB / T 21801, GB / T 265, and GB / T 507, respectively. The test results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0145] (2) Safety performance test: Five 100% SOC battery cells (rated capacity 45Ah, operating voltage range 2.5-4.2V) were placed in a cell support in series to simulate a five-cell series module. The middle cell was overcharged, and the module was fixed with a clamp. The module was immersed in coolant. After setting, it was continuously charged at 1C until overcharging triggered thermal runaway. Charging was then stopped, and the coolant was observed to see if there was any combustion or explosion. The test results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0146] Table 2

[0147]

[0148] Results and Discussion:

[0149] By comparing the above examples and comparative examples, it can be seen that the present invention, by introducing specific modifiers into the base oil, effectively reduces the viscosity of the system, improves the heat dissipation performance, and significantly improves the insulation performance of the base oil while maintaining the high biodegradability of the base oil, and further enhances its flame retardancy.

[0150] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0151] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flame-retardant coolant, characterized in that, Composed of base oil and modifier; the flame-retardant coolant includes one of the following: (1) Based on 100 parts by weight of the flame retardant coolant, the flame retardant coolant is composed of 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane; (2) Based on 100 parts by weight of the flame retardant coolant, the flame retardant coolant is composed of 80 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 20 parts by weight of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane; (3) Based on 100 parts by weight of the flame retardant coolant, the flame retardant coolant is composed of 20 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 80 parts by weight of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane; (4) Based on 100 parts by weight of the flame retardant coolant, the flame retardant coolant is composed of 40 parts by weight of soybean oil and 60 parts by weight of hexachloropropylene; (5) Based on 100 parts by weight of the flame retardant coolant, the flame retardant coolant is composed of 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of 1,2-dibromohexafluoropropane. (6) Based on 100 parts by weight of the flame retardant coolant, the flame retardant coolant is composed of 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of hexachlorobutadiene. (7) Based on 100 parts by weight of the flame retardant coolant, the flame retardant coolant is composed of 60 parts by weight of pentaerythritol oleate and 40 parts by weight of 1,4-dibromooctafluorobutane.

2. A method for preparing the flame-retardant coolant according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The base oil and modifier are mixed to obtain the flame-retardant coolant.

3. A submersible energy storage device, characterized in that, Includes the flame-retardant coolant as described in claim 1 or the flame-retardant coolant obtained by the method described in claim 2.

4. A data center, characterized in that, Includes the flame-retardant coolant as described in claim 1 or the flame-retardant coolant obtained by the method described in claim 2.

5. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, This includes the immersion energy storage device as described in claim 3 or the data center as described in claim 4.

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