Method for repairing shafting copper bush and shafting

Abstract

The invention relates to a shafting copper sleeve repairing method and shafting, the shafting comprises a steel shaft and a copper sleeve arranged on the steel shaft in a shrinkage fit mode, the repairing method comprises the steps that a groove body in the copper sleeve is repaired, and the groove body comprises at least one of a key groove and an annular groove; the method for repairing the groove body on the copper sleeve comprises the following steps of: determining a grooving area on the copper sleeve; the grooving area of the copper sleeve and the old groove body are machined, and a fatigue layer is removed; according to laser cladding process parameters, the cladding process is adopted, cladding additive filling is conducted on the old groove body obtained after machining treatment, so that a cladding functional layer is formed, and the outer circle of the copper sleeve obtained after additive filling forms a whole arc face; and according to the pattern requirement, finish machining is conducted on the outer circle of the copper bush obtained after material adding, and machining and groove buckling are conducted on the grooving area obtained after finish machining treatment, so that a new groove body is formed. According to the method, resources are saved, parts do not need to be replaced, meanwhile, through finish machining, the butt joint precision of shafting equipment can be controlled to be out of tolerance, and the problem that butt joint cannot be achieved is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of shaft system repair and processing technology, and in particular to a method for repairing a shaft system copper sleeve and a shaft system. Background Technology

[0002] The shafting system includes the propeller shaft, stern shaft, intermediate shaft, thrust shaft, etc.; a typical structure of the propeller shaft is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, a typical structure of a stern shaft is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, each component includes a copper sleeve 1, a steel shaft 2, and a detachable coupling 3. The steel shafts of the propeller shaft and stern shaft are made of carbon steel, carbon manganese steel, or alloy steel. The copper sleeve is made of copper and is generally produced using centrifugal casting. According to relevant standards and specifications, the minimum thickness of the copper sleeve is 3.5–5 mm, and the maximum thickness can reach over 25 mm. It is fitted onto the steel shaft using a hot-fitting method, i.e., the copper sleeve is heated to approximately 300°C, then fitted into the appropriate position and allowed to cool and tighten, securing it firmly to the shaft to ensure a tight fit with a certain interference fit. After the copper sleeve is fitted onto the shaft, subsequent finishing processes such as machining the shaft system and other connecting parts, and the outer diameter of the copper sleeve, are performed.

[0003] Based on the above manufacturing situation, after the shaft system has been in use for a period of time, repairing the shaft system copper sleeve will be difficult if any of the following situations occur: a) The copper sleeve is not long enough. One possible reason is that the shaft system needs to be improved, which leads to insufficient length. For example, new equipment needs to be added, and the new equipment needs to be connected to the outer circle of the copper sleeve through a keyway or ring groove. However, the original length of the copper sleeve does not have a suitable groove for the new equipment to be connected, which does not meet the new equipment's requirements for the length of the copper sleeve; b) The keyway, ring groove, etc. on the copper sleeve have changed in use due to improvement requirements, and the positions of the keyway and ring groove need to be readjusted on the copper sleeve.

[0004] Traditional shaft repair methods include two approaches: one is to machine and remove the copper bushing before replacing it with a new one; the other is to replace the entire shaft system after it becomes unusable. Both methods have the following problems: a) resource waste; b) long production cycles; c) after the new copper bushing is fitted onto the steel shaft, the shaft system will bend and deform, resulting in problems such as excessive shaft runout, excessive accuracy in docking with other shaft systems, or even inability to dock; d) replacing the entire shaft system is costly, time-consuming, and also has the problem of excessive accuracy in docking with other shaft systems or inability to dock. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method for repairing a shaft system copper sleeve and a shaft system, in order to solve the problems of resource waste and connection accuracy in related technologies where the shaft system is either partially replaced (e.g., the copper sleeve is removed by machining and replaced with a new copper sleeve) or completely replaced (e.g., the entire shaft system is replaced after the original shaft system is scrapped).

[0006] In a first aspect, a repairing method of a shafting copper bush is provided, the shafting includes a steel shaft and a copper bush sleeved on the steel shaft, and the repairing method includes: repairing a groove on the copper bush, the groove including at least one of a key groove and a ring groove; wherein the repairing of the groove on the copper bush includes: determining a grooving area on the copper bush; machining the grooving area and the old groove of the copper bush to remove a fatigue layer; applying a laser cladding process to the old groove after the machining treatment according to laser cladding process parameters to form a cladding functional layer and to fill the old groove with additive material, so that the outer circle of the copper bush after the additive material is formed as a whole with a circular arc surface; finishing the outer circle of the copper bush after the additive material according to a pattern requirement, and machining a new groove in the grooving area after the finishing treatment to form a new groove.

[0007] In some embodiments, the laser cladding process parameters include a molten pool diameter of 2-5 mm, a scanning speed of 15-40 mm / s, a power of 2000-5000 W, and a spiral line for cladding.

[0008] In some embodiments, the cladding functional layer is made of a copper-based alloy material containing Sn: 9-11%, Zn: 1-3%, impurities ≤1.5%, and the balance being copper in terms of mass percentage; or the cladding functional layer is made of an aluminum bronze alloy material containing Al: 8.0-10.0%, Mn: 1.5-2.5%, and the balance being copper in terms of mass percentage.

[0009] In some embodiments, if the old groove is at least partially located in the grooving area, the method further includes, before the filling with additive material, machining the old groove with a preset angle chamfering treatment.

[0010] In some embodiments, the preset angle is 45°.

[0011] In some embodiments, the repairing method further includes lengthening the copper bush to obtain a lengthened segment and machining a new groove on the lengthened segment.

[0012] In some embodiments, the lengthening of the copper bush to obtain a lengthened segment and the machining of a new groove on the lengthened segment include: ​Machining the fatigue layer of the lengthened region on the outer wall of the steel shaft and the connecting region on the outer wall of the copper sleeve which connects with the lengthened region, and machining the connecting region into a bevel part to obtain a machining region; the lengthened region is a region covered by the lengthened section of the copper sleeve on the steel shaft; According to the laser cladding process parameters, sequentially cladding on the machining region to form a cladding bonding layer, a cladding support layer, a cladding functional layer and a cladding functional protection layer to obtain a cladding additive structure, the cladding additive structure constitutes the lengthened section of the copper sleeve, the laser cladding process parameters include: a molten pool diameter of 2-5 mm, a scanning speed of 15-40 mm / s, a power of 2000-5000 W, and cladding according to a spiral line; According to the pattern requirements, machining a new slot on the cladding additive structure to form a new slot body.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cladding additive structure includes a cladding bonding layer, a cladding support layer, a cladding functional layer and a cladding functional protection layer; The cladding bonding layer covers the lengthened region and the bevel part; The cladding support layer is located above the cladding bonding layer, the surface of the cladding support layer close to the steel shaft is the inner surface of the cladding support layer, the surface of the cladding support layer away from the steel shaft is the outer surface of the cladding support layer, and the inner surface of the cladding support layer and the outer surface of the cladding support layer are coaxial, and the transition surface away from one end of the bevel part is formed between the inner surface of the cladding support layer and the outer surface of the cladding support layer; The cladding functional layer covers the outer surface of the cladding support layer and a part of the cladding bonding layer located on the bevel part; The cladding functional protection layer covers the laminated structure formed by the cladding bonding layer, the cladding support layer and the cladding functional layer, and the copper sleeve.

[0014] In some embodiments, the thickness of the cladding bonding layer is 2±0.4 mm, the thickness of the cladding functional layer is 2±0.4 mm, the thickness of the cladding functional protection layer is 2±0.4 mm, and the thickness of the cladding support layer is the total thickness of the cladding additive structure-6 mm; And / or, the cladding bonding layer is an iron-based alloy material, the iron-based alloy material contains C≤0.03%, Si≤1%, Mn≤2%, S≤0.03%, P≤0.045%, Cr: 16-18%, Ni: 10-14%, Mo: 2-3%, and the balance is Fe in terms of mass percentage; And / or, the cladding support layer is a nickel-based alloy material containing, in mass percentage, Cr: 14.5-16.5%, Mo: 15-17%, Fe: 4-7%, C≤0.01%, Si≤0.08%, Co≤2.5%, Mn≤1%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.03%, W: 3-4.5%, V≤0.035%, and the balance of Ni; And / or, the cladding functional layer is a copper-based alloy material containing, in mass percentage, Sn: 9-11%, Zn: 1-3%, impurities≤1.5%, and the balance of copper; or, the cladding functional layer is an aluminum bronze alloy material containing, in mass percentage, Al: 8.0-10.0%, Mn: 1.5-2.5%, and the balance of copper. And / or, the cladding functional protection layer is a copper-based alloy material containing, in mass percentage, Sn: 9-11%, Zn: 1-3%, impurities≤1.5%, and the balance of copper; or, the cladding functional protection layer is an aluminum bronze alloy material containing, in mass percentage, Al: 8.0-10.0%, Mn: 1.5-2.5%, and the balance of copper.

[0015] In a second aspect, a shafting is provided, which is repaired by the method for repairing a shafting copper bushing according to any one of the above.

[0016] The technical scheme provided in the present application has the following beneficial effects: In the prior art, the shafting is either partially replaced (such as replacing a new copper bushing after machining removal of the copper bushing) or entirely replaced (such as replacing the entire shafting after scrapping the original shafting), which not only causes resource waste, but also causes docking problems. The present application repairs the original shafting, specifically, using a cladding process to perform additive manufacturing on the old groove body of the original shafting, forms a cladding additive structure after filling the old groove body with additive manufacturing, and then performs finishing machining and re-machining of the selected grooving area to form a new groove body. Compared with the partial replacement or entire replacement scheme, the present application not only saves resources and does not need to replace parts, but also controls the docking precision of the shafting equipment to overcome the problem of being unable to dock. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1A schematic view of a propeller shaft is shown in FIG. 1; Figure 2 A schematic view of a stern shaft is shown in FIG. 2; Figure 3 A schematic view of lengthening the copper sleeve is shown in FIG. 3; Figure 4 A schematic view of screwing a groove on the lengthened section of the copper sleeve is shown in FIG. 4.

[0019] In the figure: 1, copper sleeve; 2, steel shaft; 3, detachable coupling; 4, groove; 10, cladding bonding layer; 11, cladding support layer; 12, cladding functional layer; 13, cladding functional protection layer; 100, inclined surface; 110, transition surface; A, lengthened region; B, connection region. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, Figure 3 and Figure 4 The embodiments of the present application provide a repair method for a copper sleeve of a shafting, the shafting comprising a steel shaft 2 and a copper sleeve 1 sleeved on the steel shaft 2, the repair method comprising: repairing a groove 4 on the copper sleeve 1, the groove 4 comprising at least one of a key groove and a ring groove, and / or lengthening the copper sleeve 1 to obtain a lengthened section and screwing a groove on the lengthened section to form a new groove 4. The above two repair schemes can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0022] For example, if the length of the copper sleeve is insufficient due to the improvement demand of the shafting, such as the need to install new equipment, the new equipment needs to be combined with the outer circle of the copper sleeve through a gear groove, but there is no suitable groove on the original length of the copper sleeve for the gear of the new equipment to engage, which does not meet the length demand of the copper sleeve for the new equipment, the copper sleeve needs to be lengthened and a groove is screwed on the lengthened section, then the scheme of "lengthening the copper sleeve 1 to obtain a lengthened section and screwing a groove on the lengthened section to form a new groove 4" can be adopted.

[0023] For example, if the key groove, ring groove and the like on the copper sleeve change in use position due to the improvement demand, the key groove, ring groove and the like need to be adjusted in position on the copper sleeve, then the scheme of "repairing a groove 4 on the copper sleeve 1" can be adopted.

[0024] Wherein, the repairing of the groove 4 on the copper bush 1 comprises the following steps: 101: Determine the grooving area on the copper bush 1, which is the area where the new groove 4 is located; 102: Machine the grooving area of the copper bush 1 and the old groove 4 to remove the fatigue layer.

[0025] 103: Perform a penetration inspection on the machined area.

[0026] In step 103, the penetration inspection is performed on the original shaft system.

[0027] 104: According to the laser cladding process parameters, use the cladding process to perform additive filling on the old groove 4 after machining treatment to form a cladding functional layer 12, so that the outer circle of the additive copper bush 1 forms a circular arc surface as a whole.

[0028] 105: According to the drawing requirements, finish machining the outer circle of the additive copper bush 1, and machine the grooves in the grooving area after finish machining to form the new groove 4.

[0029] 106: Perform a penetration inspection again.

[0030] In step 106, the penetration inspection is performed on the additive cladding, and if necessary, the area where the new groove 4 is located can also be inspected.

[0031] In the existing scheme, the shaft system is either partially replaced (such as replacing the new copper bush after machining removal) or completely replaced (such as replacing the shaft system as a whole after the original shaft system is scrapped), which not only wastes resources but also causes docking problems. The present application repairs the original shaft system, specifically using a cladding process to perform additive cladding treatment on the old groove of the original shaft system. After additive cladding filling the old groove, a cladding additive structure is formed, and finish machining is performed. At the same time, new grooves are formed by re-machining grooves in the selected grooving area. Compared with the partial replacement or complete replacement scheme, the present application not only saves resources and does not need to replace parts, but also controls the docking tolerance of the shaft system equipment through finish machining, overcoming the problem of being unable to dock.

[0032] The present application can control the deformation amount by using a cladding process to perform additive cladding treatment on the original shaft system, and the deformation amount control precision is higher. After layer-by-layer cladding is completed, the deformation of each part of the shaft section can be controlled within 0.03mm, and the roundness is within 0.2mm. The additive cladding structure can reserve a mechanical machining allowance of 1-2mm (the allowance can be adjusted according to demand as appropriate), which saves energy and resources and effectively solves the problem of large shaft system deformation caused by traditional copper bush replacement process.

[0033] The laser cladding process parameters include: a molten pool diameter of 2-5 mm, a scanning speed of 15-40 mm / s, a power of 2000-5000 W, and cladding in a spiral line.

[0034] The cladding functional layer 12 is made of a copper-based alloy material, which can significantly improve the surface quality and has excellent wear resistance.

[0035] Further, if the old groove body 4 is at least partially located in the slotting area, that is, if the new groove body 4 and the old groove body 4 intersect or overlap, the method further comprises: chamfering the old groove body 4 at a preset angle before additive filling, so as to facilitate subsequent construction.

[0036] Referring to FIGS. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The copper sleeve 1 is lengthened to obtain a lengthened section, and a fastening groove is formed on the lengthened section to form a new groove body 4, including the following steps: 201: The fatigue layer of the lengthened area A on the outer wall of the steel shaft 2 and the connecting area B on the outer wall of the copper sleeve 1 are machined and removed, and the connecting area B is machined into an inclined surface part 100 to obtain a machined area.

[0037] In Figure 3 , it can be seen that a lengthened area A is determined on the outer circle of the steel shaft 2, and the surface fatigue layer is removed by machining. Similarly, a connecting area B is determined on the outer circle of the copper sleeve 1, and the surface fatigue layer is removed by machining. At the same time, in order to better overlap the additive, the connecting area B is further machined to form an inclined surface part 100 at one end of the connecting area B close to the lengthened area A.

[0038] 202: sequentially cladding in the machining region according to laser cladding process parameters to form a cladding bonding layer 10, a cladding support layer 11, a cladding functional layer 12 and a cladding functional protection layer 13, to obtain a cladding additive structure, the cladding additive structure constitutes the lengthened section of the copper bush 1, and the laser cladding process parameters include: a molten pool diameter of 2-5 mm, a scanning speed of 15-40 mm / s, a power of 2000-5000 W, and cladding in a spiral line.

[0039] Referring to Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the cladding additive structure includes the cladding bonding layer 10, the cladding support layer 11, the cladding functional layer 12 and the cladding functional protection layer 13.

[0040] Through reasonable selection of laser cladding process parameters and process route design, the problem of carbon penetration in the cladding process is solved, the cladding bonding layer 10 has a small thickness and is not prone to defects, and the mechanical properties of the substrate are not affected. The cladding additive structure is fully metallurgically combined with the substrate, and no heat treatment is required after laser cladding. It can be understood that for the above-mentioned substrate, when the cladding additive structure is combined with the steel shaft 2, the substrate is the steel shaft 2, and when the cladding additive structure is combined with the copper bush 1, the substrate is the copper bush 1.

[0041] 203: machining a clamping groove on the cladding additive structure according to the requirements of the drawing to form a new groove body 4.

[0042] Referring to Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the cladding bonding layer 10 is the bottom layer of the cladding additive structure, and the cladding bonding layer 10 covers the lengthened region A and the inclined surface part 100; the cladding bonding layer 10 is cladded on the steel shaft 2, and its main role is to isolate the carbon elements in the steel shaft 2, so that they are difficult or unable to diffuse into the cladding support layer 11, preventing the effects of carburizing on the performance of the cladding additive structure. When cladding, the cladding heat affected zone depth of the cladding bonding layer 10 is not more than 0.02-0.05 mm, which can ensure that the steel shaft 2 is basically not affected.

[0043] Machining a clamping groove to form a new groove body 4 has multiple optional means, such as, for example, after cladding the cladding bonding layer 10, the cladding support layer 11, the cladding functional layer 12 and the cladding functional protection layer 13 to obtain the cladding additive structure, a groove can be clamped on the cladding additive structure. For another example, a groove can be clamped on the cladding bonding layer 10 after cladding the cladding bonding layer 10, a groove can be clamped on the cladding support layer 11 after cladding the cladding support layer 11, a groove can be clamped on the cladding functional layer 12 after cladding the cladding functional layer 12, and a groove can be clamped on the cladding functional protection layer 13 after cladding the cladding functional protection layer 13.

[0044] The cladding support layer 11 is located on the cladding bonding layer 10, the surface of the cladding support layer 11 close to the steel shaft 2 is the inner surface of the cladding support layer 11, the surface of the cladding support layer 11 away from the steel shaft 2 is the outer surface of the cladding support layer 11, the boundary of the cladding support layer 11 away from the inclined surface part 100 does not expose to the outside of the cladding bonding layer 10, so that the inner surface of the cladding support layer 11 and the outer surface of the cladding support layer 11 form an inclined transition surface 110 away from one end of the inclined surface part 100, and the inner surface of the cladding support layer 11 is coaxial with the outer surface of the cladding support layer 11.

[0045] The cladding functional layer 12 covers the outer surface of the cladding support layer 11 and part of the cladding bonding layer 10 located on the inclined surface part 100, and does not cover the transition surface 110 of the cladding support layer 11.

[0046] The cladding functional protection layer 13 covers the laminated structure formed by the cladding bonding layer 10, the cladding support layer 11 and the cladding functional layer 12, and the copper sleeve 1, that is, the cladding functional protection layer 13 covers the laminated structure and part of the copper sleeve 1, so that the contact position between the laminated structure and the copper sleeve 1 is covered by the cladding functional protection layer 13.

[0047] The cladding functional layer 12 and the cladding functional protection layer 13 have wear resistance and mechanical properties comparable to the original copper sleeve, and have a small potential difference with the original copper sleeve.

[0048] The cladding functional protection layer 13 covers the contact position between the laminated structure and the copper sleeve 1, which has the advantages of: on the one hand, it can ensure the coaxiality during subsequent processing, and on the other hand, the laminated structure and the copper sleeve 1 have different materials and exist potential corrosion in seawater, and the cladding functional protection layer 13 can prevent potential corrosion.

[0049] During cladding, the thickness of the cladding bonding layer 10 is controlled to be 2±0.4mm; the thickness of the cladding functional layer 12 is 2±0.4mm, and the outer surface after additive is slightly lower than the outer surface of the original copper sleeve, so as to reserve space for the cladding functional protection layer 13; the thickness of the cladding functional protection layer 13 is 2±0.4mm, and the thickness of 1mm-2mm is reserved for subsequent finishing, and the thickness of the cladding support layer 11 is the total thickness of the cladding additive structure minus 6mm.

[0050] For the cladding bonding layer 10, the cladding support layer 11, the cladding functional layer 12 and the cladding functional protection layer 13, the raw materials are all alloy powders, so they can be cladded by layer-by-layer cladding process.

[0051] The layer-by-layer cladding process comprises: spreading a layer of alloy powder, cladding according to the laser cladding process parameters, cleaning the surface oxide after each layer of cladding is completed, and eliminating the released residual stress, then spreading a layer of alloy powder again, continuing to cladding according to the laser cladding process parameters, and so on, to perform layer-by-layer cladding; after each preset number of layers is cladded, machining on the machine tool to restore the surface flatness, and performing a penetration inspection to confirm the surface quality of the cladded part, without cracks and porosity defects. If there are defects, the cladded part is removed by machining and re-cladded.

[0052] The means for eliminating the released residual stress can be various, such as using ultrasonic vibration to eliminate the released residual stress.

[0053] The preset number of layers can be determined according to actual needs, such as 3-4 layers.

[0054] It can be understood that each layer of the cladded bonding layer 10, the cladded support layer 11, the cladded functional layer 12 and the cladded functional protective layer 13 has a certain thickness, and the thickness is small, so the preset number of layers can be determined based on the total thickness of the cladded additive structure and the thickness of each layer of the alloy powder. For example, the total thickness of the cladded additive structure is 8mm, and the thickness of each layer of the alloy powder is 0.8mm, so the layer-by-layer cladding process needs to be performed a total of 10 times, and the residual stress release and penetration inspection are performed after the third, sixth and tenth cladding.

[0055] It can be seen that the layer-by-layer cladding process of the present application can prevent the penetration cracks in the heat-affected zone of the substrate, the additive structure defects and the internal stress problems in the cladded additive process, and avoid the problems of low mechanical properties of the additive structure and the warping and cracking of the additive structure.

[0056] The cladded bonding layer 10 is an iron-based alloy material, which contains C≤0.03%, Si≤1%, Mn≤2%, S≤0.03%, P≤0.045%, Cr: 16-18%, Ni: 10-14%, Mo: 2-3%, and the balance of Fe, in terms of mass percentage.

[0057] The cladded support layer 11 is a nickel-based alloy material, which contains Cr: 14.5-16.5%, Mo: 15-17%, Fe: 4-7%, C≤0.01%, Si≤0.08%, Co≤2.5%, Mn≤1%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.03%, W: 3-4.5%, V≤0.035%, and the balance of Ni, in terms of mass percentage.

[0058] The cladding functional layer 12 adopts a copper-based alloy material, which can obviously improve the surface quality and has excellent wear resistance. The copper-based alloy material contains Sn: 9-11%, Zn: 1-3%, impurities: less than or equal to 1.5%, and the balance is copper in terms of mass percentage. Alternatively, the cladding functional layer 12 adopts an aluminum bronze alloy material, which improves the wear resistance of the copper sleeve and enables the copper sleeve to have a longer service life. The aluminum bronze alloy material contains Al: 8.0-10.0%, Mn: 1.5-2.5%, and the balance is copper in terms of mass percentage.

[0059] The cladding functional layer 12 adopts a copper-based alloy material, which can obviously improve the surface quality and has excellent wear resistance. The copper-based alloy material contains Sn: 9-11%, Zn: 1-3%, impurities: less than or equal to 1.5%, and the balance is copper in terms of mass percentage. Alternatively, the cladding functional layer 12 adopts an aluminum bronze alloy material, which improves the wear resistance of the copper sleeve and enables the copper sleeve to have a longer service life. The aluminum bronze alloy material contains Al: 8.0-10.0%, Mn: 1.5-2.5%, and the balance is copper in terms of mass percentage.

[0060] Further, the application also provides a shafting repaired by the repair method of the shafting copper sleeve.

[0061] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. Unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", and "connection" should be broadly understood, for example, it can be a fixed connection, or a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0062] It should be noted that, in the present application, the relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

[0063] The foregoing is merely illustrative of the principles of the application and various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. The above embodiments are illustrative, and not restrictive, of the scope of the application.

Claims

1. A method of repairing a shafting brass bushing, characterized by, The shaft system comprises a steel shaft (2) and a copper sleeve (1) sleeved on the steel shaft (2), and the repairing method comprises: repairing a groove (4) on the copper sleeve (1), the groove (4) comprising at least one of a key groove and a ring groove; wherein the repairing of the groove (4) on the copper sleeve (1) comprises: determining a grooving area on the copper sleeve (1); machining the grooving area and the old groove (4) of the copper sleeve (1) to remove the fatigue layer; according to laser cladding process parameters, using a cladding process to perform additive filling on the old groove (4) after machining treatment to form a cladding functional layer (12), so that the outer circle of the copper sleeve (1) after additive forms a circular arc surface as a whole; according to the requirements of the drawing, finishing the outer circle of the copper sleeve (1) after additive, and machining a buckle groove in the grooving area after finishing treatment to form a new groove (4).

2. The repairing method of the shaft system copper sleeve according to claim 1, wherein: the laser cladding process parameters comprise: a molten pool diameter of 2-5 mm, a scanning speed of 15-40 mm / s, a power of 2000-5000 W, and cladding in a spiral line.

3. The repairing method of the shaft system copper sleeve according to claim 1, wherein: the cladding functional layer (12) uses a copper-based alloy material, and the copper-based alloy material contains Sn: 9-11%, Zn: 1-3%, impurities ≤1.5%, and the balance is copper in terms of mass percentage; or the cladding functional layer (12) uses an aluminum bronze alloy material, and the aluminum bronze alloy material contains Al: 8.0-10.0%, Mn: 1.5-2.5%, and the balance is copper in terms of mass percentage.

4. The repairing method of the shaft system copper sleeve according to claim 1, wherein: if the old groove (4) is at least partially located in the grooving area, before performing additive filling, the method further comprises: performing chamfer machining treatment on the old groove (4) at a preset angle.

5. The repairing method of the shaft system copper sleeve according to claim 4, wherein: the preset angle is 45°.

6. The repairing method of the shaft system copper sleeve according to claim 1, wherein: the repairing method further comprises: lengthening the copper sleeve (1) to obtain a lengthened section, and machining a buckle groove on the lengthened section to form a new groove (4).

7. The repairing method of the shaft system copper sleeve according to claim 6, wherein: the lengthening of the copper sleeve (1) to obtain a lengthened section and the machining of a buckle groove on the lengthened section to form a new groove (4) comprises: machining the fatigue layer of a lengthening area (A) on the outer wall of the steel shaft (2) and a connecting area (B) on the outer wall of the copper sleeve (1) connected with the lengthening area (A) to remove the fatigue layer, and machining the connecting area (B) into a bevel part (100) to obtain a machined area; the lengthening area (A) is an area covered by the lengthened section of the copper sleeve (1) on the steel shaft (2). According to the laser cladding process parameters, sequentially cladding in the machining area to form a cladding bonding layer (10), a cladding support layer (11), a cladding functional layer (12) and a cladding functional protection layer (13), and obtain a cladding additive structure, the cladding additive structure constitutes the lengthened section of the copper bush (1), and the laser cladding process parameters include: a molten pool diameter of 2-5 mm, a scanning speed of 15-40 mm / s, a power of 2000-5000 W, and cladding in a spiral line; According to the pattern requirements, machining a buckle groove on the cladding additive structure to form a new groove body (4).

8. The repair method of the shafting copper bush according to claim 7, characterized in that: the cladding additive structure includes the cladding bonding layer (10), the cladding support layer (11), the cladding functional layer (12) and the cladding functional protection layer (13); the cladding bonding layer (10) covers the lengthened area (A) and the inclined surface part (100); the cladding support layer (11) is located above the cladding bonding layer (10), the surface of the cladding support layer (11) close to the steel shaft (2) is the inner surface of the cladding support layer (11), the surface of the cladding support layer (11) away from the steel shaft (2) is the outer surface of the cladding support layer (11), the inner surface of the cladding support layer (11) and the outer surface of the cladding support layer (11) are coaxial, and an inclined transition surface (110) is formed between the inner surface of the cladding support layer (11) and the outer surface of the cladding support layer (11) away from one end of the inclined surface part (100); the cladding functional layer (12) covers the outer surface of the cladding support layer (11) and a part of the cladding bonding layer (10) located on the inclined surface part (100); the cladding functional protection layer (13) covers the laminated structure formed by the cladding bonding layer (10), the cladding support layer (11) and the cladding functional layer (12), and the copper bush (1).

9. The repair method of the shafting copper bush according to claim 7, characterized in that: the thickness of the cladding bonding layer (10) is 2±0.4 mm, the thickness of the cladding functional layer (12) is 2±0.4 mm, the thickness of the cladding functional protection layer (13) is 2±0.4 mm, and the thickness of the cladding support layer (11) is the total thickness of the cladding additive structure-6 mm; and / or, the cladding bonding layer (10) is an iron-based alloy material, and the iron-based alloy material contains C≤0.03%, Si≤1%, Mn≤2%, S≤0.03%, P≤0.045%, Cr: 16-18%, Ni: 10-14%, Mo: 2-3%, and the balance is Fe in terms of mass percentage. And / or, the cladding support layer (11) is a nickel-based alloy material, which contains Cr: 14.5-16.5%, Mo: 15-17%, Fe: 4-7%, C≤0.01%, Si≤0.08%, Co≤2.5%, Mn≤1%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.03%, W: 3-4.5%, V≤0.035%, the balance being Ni, in mass percentage; And / or, the cladding functional layer (12) is a copper-based alloy material, which contains Sn: 9-11%, Zn: 1-3%, impurities≤1.5%, the balance being copper, in mass percentage; or, the cladding functional layer (12) is an aluminum bronze alloy material, which contains Al: 8.0-10.0%, Mn: 1.5-2.5%, the balance being copper, in mass percentage; And / or, the cladding functional protection layer (13) is a copper-based alloy material, which contains Sn: 9-11%, Zn: 1-3%, impurities≤1.5%, the balance being copper, in mass percentage; or, the cladding functional protection layer (13) is an aluminum bronze alloy material, which contains Al: 8.0-10.0%, Mn: 1.5-2.5%, the balance being copper, in mass percentage.

10. A shafting characterized by: It is repaired by the repairing method of the shafting copper bush according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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