A multi-purpose drill

Abstract

The utility model provides a multipurpose drill seeder belongs to seeder technical field, including frame, fixed installation on frame's air blowing type seed metering device and install the disc type seeding leg of frame rear end. Disc type seeding leg includes mounting plate, H-shaped board, outer scraper and inner scraper, mounting plate equidistance installation is in the rear end of frame, the bottom of mounting plate is rotatory installation with two pairings of ditching disc, mounting plate is fixedly arranged with H-shaped board, the inside of connecting block fixedly installed left and right ends of H-shaped board is slidably connected with arc guide rod, the rear end of arc guide rod is fixedly installed with outer scraper respectively, and the outer side surface of adjacent ditching disc is matched with outer scraper respectively, and the front end of arc guide rod is inclined to the direction away from ditching disc, and the utility model can solve the problem that the existing technology's drill seeder has the problem of insufficient buffer, scraper is vulnerable to damage, poor soil scraping effect and poor seeding uniformity when cleaning the soil adhered to the ditching disc.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of seeding machines, in particular to a multipurpose drill seeder. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of large-scale agricultural planting, the drill seeder, as the core planting equipment, is widely used in the seeding operation of wheat, corn, vegetables and other crops due to its high seeding efficiency and uniform plant spacing control advantage. The existing drill seeder includes a frame, a seed metering device, a furrowing mechanism and a pressing mechanism and other core components. Its working principle is that the frame is moved by a traction device, the furrowing mechanism forms a planting trench in the soil, the seed metering device quantitatively delivers seeds into the trench, and then the subsequent processes such as pressing are completed to finish the seeding operation. With the development of agricultural technology, the existing drill seeder has realized the transition from manual assisted seeding to mechanized and automated seeding, effectively reducing the labor intensity, improving the planting efficiency and meeting the standardization and high efficiency requirements of large-scale agricultural production for seeding operation.

[0003] The furrowing disc, as the core component of the furrowing mechanism, forms a planting trench by rotating and cutting the soil. However, its inner and outer side surfaces are prone to contact and adhere to wet soil and sticky soil during operation. When the soil is wet and sticky, soil particles will adhere closely to the inner and outer side surfaces of the furrowing disc. With the extension of operation time, the adhered soil will gradually accumulate and thicken, causing multiple chain problems. Firstly, the soil accumulation changes the effective working diameter of the furrowing disc, causing deviations in the depth and width of the planting trench, destroying the consistency of the seed planting depth, and further affecting the seed germination rate and seedling growth uniformity. Secondly, the accumulated soil easily blocks the gaps between the furrowing discs and the seed delivery channel, causing seed falling obstruction and uneven plant spacing, and even causing seedling gaps and broken ridges in severe cases. Thirdly, soil adhesion increases the rotating resistance of the furowering disc, not only reducing the operation efficiency and increasing the energy consumption, but also possibly causing overload damage to the furrowing disc bearing and triggering equipment failure.

[0004] Referring to the authorized announcement No. CN221532090U, the announcement date is August 16, 2024, and the name is a self-adjusting soil scraping device for a seeding machine, which includes two installation assemblies, the two installation assemblies are respectively arranged on both sides of the furrowing disc, the top end of the installation assembly is used for detachable connection with the furrowing support, and the bottom end is used for clamping connection with the soil scraping plate, the top end of the soil scraping plate is connected with the middle surface of the installation assembly, one end of the soil scraping plate close to the installation assembly is provided with a spring assembly, the spring assembly is used for pushing the soil scraping plate close to the installation assembly, and the bottom end of the furrowing support is used for rotatingly installing the furrowing disc.

[0005] According to the technical scheme, when the soil scraping plate is deformed or worn, the soil scraping plate is pushed to the surface of the furrower by the spring assembly, so that the impurities on the surface of the furrower cannot pass through the gap of the damaged soil scraping plate. In actual use, since the moving direction of the soil scraping plate is nearly perpendicular to the side surface of the furrower, the rotating furrower drives the soil to continuously push the soil scraping plate in the circumferential direction. The pushing direction of the soil on the soil scraping plate is nearly perpendicular to the moving direction of the soil scraping plate. The instantaneous impact force generated by the rigid contact between the soil and the soil scraping plate cannot be effectively buffered. The instantaneous impact force directly acts on the soil scraping plate, which can easily cause the deformation of the soil scraping plate, the loosening of the bolts or the cracking of the mounting frame, thereby reducing the cleaning effect. Moreover, the soil adhered to the inner side of the furrower cannot be buffered and cleaned, and the soil adhered to the inner side of the furrower can interfere with the falling path of the seeds, thereby affecting the uniformity of the seed planting. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the present application provides a multi-purpose drill seeder to solve the problems of the prior art, such as insufficient buffering, easy damage of the scraper, poor soil scraping effect, and poor uniformity of planting.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a multi-purpose drill seeder, which comprises a frame, a pneumatic seed metering device fixedly installed on the frame, and a disc-type seeding leg installed at the rear end of the frame.

[0008] The disc-type seeding leg comprises a mounting plate, a U-shaped plate, an outer scraping plate and an inner scraping plate. The mounting plate is installed at the rear end of the frame at equal intervals. Two pairs of furrowers are rotatably installed at the bottom of the mounting plate. The U-shaped plate is fixedly installed on the mounting plate. The inner ends of the connecting blocks fixedly installed at the left and right ends of the U-shaped plate are slidably connected with arc-shaped guide rods. The outer scraping plates are fixedly installed at the rear ends of the arc-shaped guide rods. The outer scraping plates are arranged in cooperation with the outer sides of the adjacent furrowers. The front ends of the arc-shaped guide rods are inclined away from the furrowers. The outer arcs of the arc-shaped guide rods are sleeved with arc-shaped springs. The rear side of the U-shaped plate is fixedly installed with a limiting plate. The limiting plate is vertically slidably connected with connecting columns. The inner scraping plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting column and cooperates with the inner sides of the adjacent two furrowers. The connecting column is sleeved with a straight spring. The two ends of the straight spring abut against the inner scraping plate and the limiting plate, respectively.

[0009] A material guide pipe is fixedly installed on the mounting plate. The seed discharge ports of the pneumatic seed metering device are in communication with the upper ends of the corresponding material guide pipes through hoses.

[0010] By adopting the technical scheme, when the furrow disc rotates to open a ditch, the soil adhered to the outer side of the furrow disc contacts the outer scraper, the soil with weak adhesion is directly scraped off by the outer scraper, the soil with strong adhesion pushes the outer scraper to drive the arc-shaped guide rod to slide and extrude the arc-shaped spring, the reaction force of the arc-shaped spring increases with the increase of the compression amount, and at the same time, the arc-shaped guide rod tilts and slides away from the furrow disc, driving the outer scraper to move away from the furrow disc to assist the soil separation; the inner scraper is attached to the inner side of the furrow disc under the support of the straight spring, and a small amount of soil adhered to the inner side of the furrow disc is scraped off, thereby reducing the soil adhesion on the inner and outer sides of the furrow disc, maintaining the smooth rotation of the furrow disc and the ditch opening effect, and effectively avoiding the deformation and damage of the outer scraper due to excessive impact force.

[0011] Optionally, the rear end of the inner scraper is fixedly installed with a covering plate, and the two pair of furrow discs are located on the inner sides of the left and right ends of the covering plate.

[0012] By adopting the technical scheme, the covering plate moves synchronously with the frame, and the inclined structures at the left and right ends of the covering plate push the soil on the upper sides of the two sides of the ditch into the inside of the ditch, thereby quickly covering the soil of the seeds falling into the ditch and preventing the seeds from being exposed on the surface of the soil to affect germination.

[0013] Optionally, the front end of the inner scraper is fixedly installed with an extension pipe, and the lower ends of the material guide pipes are respectively in sliding fit with the inner walls of the corresponding extension pipes.

[0014] By adopting the technical scheme, after the seeds enter the extension pipe through the material guide pipe, the extension pipe guides the seeds to the bottom of the ditch, reduces the movement of the seeds between the two furrow discs, and when the soil on the outside of the ditch is gathered, the covering plate is pushed upward by the soil support to move the inner scraper upward, drives the extension pipe to move upward relative to the material guide pipe, reduces the probability of soil adhering to the bottom of the extension pipe, the material guide pipe scrapes off a small amount of soil at the lower end of the extension pipe, ensures the accuracy of the seed feeding position, improves the uniformity of the planting plant spacing, and avoids the influence of soil gathering on seed feeding.

[0015] Optionally, the lower end of the side wall of the extension pipe is uniformly provided with exhaust holes in the circumferential direction.

[0016] By adopting the technical scheme, after the airflow conveying the seeds in the material guide pipe enters the extension pipe, the airflow is discharged in advance through the exhaust holes in the lower end of the side wall, the seeds fall to the ditch in the extension pipe by gravity, the probability of the seeds moving in the ditch with the airflow is reduced, and the uniformity of seeding is further improved.

[0017] Optionally, an arc-shaped protective plate is fixedly installed on the mounting plate, the arc-shaped protective plate is located above the two pair of furrow discs and extends to the front side of the furrow discs, and is used for blocking the soil from entering between the two pair of furrow discs.

[0018] By adopting the technical scheme, the arc-shaped protective plate is arranged above the two matched furrow discs when the frame advances to dig furrows, so that the soil raised or scattered in the operation process is blocked from entering between the two furrow discs, and the accuracy of the seed feeding position is prevented from being affected by the soil entering between the furrow discs.

[0019] Optionally, a support frame is fixedly installed on the mounting plate, a roller is rotatably arranged at the rear end of the support frame, the roller is arranged corresponding to the front and rear of the furrow disc, an L-shaped scraper is fixedly installed on the support frame, the L-shaped scraper is arranged corresponding to the outer arc surface of the upper end of the roller, and an elastic strip is installed on the support frame, the rear end of the elastic strip is located at the rear side of the roller and is arranged corresponding to the front and rear of the roller.

[0020] By adopting the technical scheme, the roller moves and rotates with the mounting plate, and the soil backfilled in the furrow is compacted, the L-shaped scraper continuously scrapes the soil adhered to the surface of the roller when the roller rolls, and the elastic strip loosens the surface layer of the compacted soil, so that the seedbed is not compacted and is conducive to seed germination and soil breaking, and the effect of soil adhesion on compaction is avoided.

[0021] Optionally, the rear end of the frame is hingedly connected with an upper connecting frame and a lower connecting frame, the upper connecting frame and the lower connecting frame are vertically arranged corresponding to each other, the mounting plate is hingedly connected with the vertically corresponding upper connecting frame and lower connecting frame, and the rear end of the upper connecting frame and the front end of the vertically corresponding lower connecting frame are connected with a tension spring.

[0022] By adopting the technical scheme, when the frame advances, the mounting plate forms a four-bar linkage profiling structure with the frame through the upper connecting frame and the lower connecting frame, the tension spring provides continuous tension, the mounting plate rises and falls with the terrain, the limiting strip on the lower connecting frame limits the excessive deformation of the four-bar linkage profiling structure, the uniformity of the seeding depth is ensured, and the stability of the seeding quality is ensured.

[0023] Optionally, a front driving harrow is rotatably arranged at the front end of the frame in a linear array.

[0024] By adopting the technical scheme, the front driving harrow is driven by the power output shaft of the tractor, the soil is deeply harrowed during the advancement of the frame, the soil structure is improved, good soil conditions are created for seed germination, and the emergence rate is improved.

[0025] Optionally, a heavy-duty wolf tooth roller is rotatably arranged on the frame, and the heavy-duty wolf tooth roller is located at the rear side of the front driving harrow.

[0026] By adopting the technical scheme, when the frame advances, the heavy-duty wolf tooth roller is driven to rotate by the friction of the soil, the soil clumps harrowed by the front driving harrow are crushed, a flat seedbed is formed, and favorable conditions are provided for subsequent seeding operations.

[0027] Optionally, the upper end of the frame is fixedly provided with a fertilizer applicator, and the lower end of the frame is provided with a furrow opener, and the discharge pipe of the fertilizer applicator extends into the furrow opener, and the furrow opener and the disc seeding leg are staggered in the left-right direction.

[0028] By adopting the above technical scheme, the fertilizer applicator discharges fertilizer through electric control, and the fertilizer is conveyed into the furrow opener through the discharge pipe, the furrow opener performs strip side-dressing, and the furrow opener and the disc seeding leg are staggered in the left-right direction, do not interfere with each other in the seeding operation, provide nutrients for the seed root in time, guarantee the growth demand of the seed, and avoid interference between fertilization and seeding.

[0029] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] 1. Through the cooperation of the outer scraper, the arc-shaped guide rod and the arc-shaped spring, the outer scraper can automatically give way and elastically reset when subjected to soil resistance, the arc-shaped guide rod slides obliquely away from the furrow disc, drives the outer scraper away from the furrow disc to assist soil separation, thereby realizing automatic scraping of the soil adhered to the outer side of the furrow disc, ensuring smooth rotation of the furrow disc and stable furrowing effect, and effectively avoiding deformation and damage of the outer scraper due to excessive impact, and the cooperation of the inner scraper and the outer scraper respectively removes the soil adhered to the inner and outer sides of the furrow disc, keeps the furrow disc clean, prevents blockage or resistance caused by soil accumulation, and improves the reliability and continuity of the whole machine operation.

[0031] 2. After the seeds enter the extension pipe through the material guide pipe, the extension pipe guides the seeds to the bottom of the groove, reduces the movement of the seeds between the two furrow discs, and the airflow conveying the seeds in the material guide pipe is discharged in advance through the exhaust hole at the lower end of the side wall after entering the extension pipe, the seeds fall to the groove in the extension pipe relying on gravity, further reduces the probability of the seeds moving in the airflow in the groove, ensures the accurate seed discharge position, and improves the uniformity of the seed spacing.

[0032] 3. The soil covering plate moves synchronously with the frame, and the inclined structures at the left and right ends of the soil covering plate push the soil on the upper sides of the two sides of the groove into the groove, quickly completes the soil covering of the seeds falling into the groove, prevents the seeds from being exposed on the soil surface to affect germination, when the soil on the outside of the groove is accumulated, the soil supporting pushes the inner scraper upward, drives the extension pipe to move upward relative to the material guide pipe, reduces the probability of the soil adhering to the bottom of the extension pipe, and enables the material guide pipe to scrape a small amount of soil at the lower end of the extension pipe, avoiding affecting the normal discharge of the seeds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic view of a multi-purpose strip seeder of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2Figure 1 is a schematic view of an equiaxed side structure of a multipurpose drill seeder of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 Figure 2 is a schematic view of a front drive harrow structure of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 Figure 3 is a schematic view of a disc type seeding leg and a press wheel structure of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 Figure 4 is a schematic view of a rear planar structure of a disc type seeding leg of the present application;

[0038] Figure 6 Figure 5 is a schematic view of a mounting plate, a material guide pipe and an extension pipe structure of the present application;

[0039] Figure 7 Figure 6 is a schematic view of an outer scraper, an arc-shaped guide rod and a connecting block structure of the present application.

[0040] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 1, frame; 2, air blowing type seed metering device; 3, disc type seeding leg; 31, mounting plate; 32, L-shaped plate; 33, outer scraper; 34, inner scraper; 35, furrowing disc; 4, arc-shaped guide rod; 5, arc-shaped spring; 6, limiting plate; 7, connecting column; 8, straight spring; 9, material guide pipe; 10, covering plate; 11, extension pipe; 12, air outlet hole; 13, arc-shaped protection plate; 14, support frame; 15, press wheel; 16, L-shaped scraper; 17, upper connecting frame; 18, lower connecting frame; 19, front drive harrow; 20, heavy-duty wolf tooth roller; 21, fertilizer applicator; 22, furrowing device; 23, elastic strip; 24, tension spring; 25, connecting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Figures 1-7 The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application.

[0042] Reference Signs List Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3The embodiment provides a strip seeding machine, which comprises a rack 1, an air-blowing seed metering device 2 and a disc type seeding leg 3, the air-blowing seed metering device 2 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the rack 1, the disc type seeding leg 3 is installed at the rear end of the rack 1, a material guide pipe 9 is fixedly installed on a mounting plate 31, the seed discharge ports of the air-blowing seed metering device 2 are communicated with the upper ends of corresponding material guide pipes 9 through hoses (the air-blowing seed metering device 2 is internally provided with a precision seed metering disc and is connected with an air pump to generate stable airflow and realize quantitative discharge of seeds, which is prior art and will not be described in detail here), seeds are accelerated and blown into the hoses under the action of airflow, are transported to the grooves formed in the disc type seeding leg 3 through the material guide pipes 9, and are accelerated and transported relying on airflow, so that the retention of the seeds in the pipelines is reduced and the seed metering continuity is ensured.

[0043] A front driving harrow 19 is rotationally arranged in a linear array at the front end of the rack 1 and is driven by the power output shaft of a tractor, breaks the hardening layer and loosens the ploughed layer during forward movement, improves the air permeability and water retention of the soil, creates a good soil environment for seed germination, and thus improves the emergence rate, a heavy-duty wolf tooth roller 20 is rotationally arranged on the rack 1 and is located at the rear side of the front driving harrow 19, is driven to rotate by the friction of the soil during forward movement of the rack 1, crushes and breaks the large-diameter soil clumps after deep harrowing, combs the ploughed layer into a fine and uniform state, and provides a flat and loose seedbed foundation for subsequent seeding operation, a fertilizer applicator 21 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the rack 1, a furrow opener 22 is arranged at the lower end of the rack 1, the furrow opener 22 is formed by the staggered cooperation of two symmetrically and obliquely arranged disc-shaped rotating discs in a V-shaped furrow opening structure, opens furrows in the soil by embedding the rotating discs into the soil, and the discharge pipe of the fertilizer applicator 21 extends into the furrow opener 22, so that the rack 1 drives the furrow opener 22 to move and open furrows in the soil, the fertilizer applicator 21 realizes fertilization by electric control, the fertilizer enters the furrow opener 22 through the discharge pipe, and side fertilization of the seedling belt is realized, so that seedling burning caused by direct contact between the fertilizer and the seeds is avoided, the roots of the seeds can quickly contact the nutrients after germination, and the growth demand of the seedling stage is met. The furrow opener 22 and the disc type seeding leg 3 are arranged in a staggered manner in the left-right direction, so that the fertilization and seeding processes do not interfere with each other.

[0044] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 4 The disc type seeding leg 3 comprises a mounting plate 31, two pair of opening discs 35 are rotationally installed at the bottom of the mounting plate 31, the front ends of the two pair of opening discs 35 are close to each other on the lower side and the rear ends are away from each other on the upper side, and a V-shaped structure is formed (referring to Figure 5), for quickly pushing the soil outward to open the trench during rotation, the rear end of the frame 1 is respectively hinged with an upper connecting frame 17 and a lower connecting frame 18, the upper connecting frame 17 and the lower connecting frame 18 are vertically corresponding, the mounting plate 31 is respectively hinged with the vertically corresponding upper connecting frame 17 and the lower connecting frame 18, the rear end of the upper connecting frame 17 and the front end of the vertically corresponding lower connecting frame 18 are connected with the tension spring 24, the mounting plate 31, the upper connecting frame 17, the lower connecting frame 18 and the frame 1 form a four-bar linkage profiling structure, cooperating with the tension of the tension spring 24, the four-bar linkage profiling structure can follow the ups and downs of the terrain during operation to ensure the consistency of the seeding depth, the lower connecting frame 18 is provided with a limiting strip limiting the mounting plate 31, for preventing the four-bar linkage profiling structure from over-deformation.

[0045] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the disc type seeding leg 3 further comprises an L-shaped plate 32, an outer scraper 33 and an inner scraper 34, the L-shaped plate 32 is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate 31, the left and right ends of the L-shaped plate 32 are respectively fixedly provided with a connecting block 25, the inside of the connecting block 25 is slidably connected with an arc-shaped guide rod 4, the rear end of the arc-shaped guide rod 4 is respectively fixedly installed with the outer scraper 33, the outer scraper 33 is respectively arranged in cooperation with the outer side of the adjacent trenching disc 35, in order to ensure the stability of the outer scraper 33 during use, the number of the arc-shaped guide rod 4 slidably arranged in the inside of the connecting block 25 is two, the front end of the arc-shaped guide rod 4 is provided with a protruding block, for avoiding the separation of the arc-shaped guide rod 4 from the connecting block 25 during sliding, the front end of the arc-shaped guide rod 4 is obliquely arranged away from the trenching disc 35 (referring to Figure 5 and Figure 7 ), the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped guide rod 4 is sleeved with an arc-shaped spring 5, the two ends of the arc-shaped spring 5 are respectively abutted with the outer scraper 33 and the connecting block 25.

[0046] During the trenching process, the outer side of the trenching disc 35 will usually adhere to part of the soil, when the soil adhered to the trenching disc 35 rotates to the outer scraper 33, the soil with weak adhesion will be directly removed by the outer scraper 33, when the soil with strong adhesion, the outer scraper 33 will slide through the arc-shaped guide rod 4 and press the arc-shaped spring 5 under the pushing action of the soil, the impact force of the soil is absorbed by the elastic buffering action of the arc-shaped spring 5, avoiding the deformation and damage of the outer scraper 33 due to the excessive instantaneous impact force, as the compression amount of the arc-shaped spring 5 gradually increases, the pushing force of the outer scraper 33 on the soil gradually increases, so that the soil is separated from the surface of the trenching disc 35, since the front end of the arc-shaped guide rod 4 is obliquely arranged away from the trenching disc 35, when the arc-shaped guide rod 4 slides along the inside of the connecting block 25, it will drive the outer scraper 33 to move away from the trenching disc 35, thereby assisting the separation of the soil from the outer side wall of the trenching disc 35, significantly improving the cleaning effect, avoiding the uneven trenching width and irregular trench shape of the trenching disc 35 caused by the accumulation of adhered soil, avoiding the influence of the adhered soil on the trenching effect of the trenching disc 35.

[0047] With reference to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The rear side of the L-shaped plate 32 is fixedly installed with a limiting plate 6, the inside of the limiting plate 6 is vertically and slidingly connected with a connecting column 7, the inner scraper plate 34 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting column 7 and cooperates with the inner side of the two adjacent furrowing discs 35, for scraping the soil adhered to the inner side of the furrowing disc 35, the connecting column 7 is sleeved with a straight spring 8, the two ends of the straight spring 8 respectively abut against the inner scraper plate 34 and the limiting plate 6, in the process of the furrowing disc 35 rotating to furrow, the inner scraper plate 34 continuously scrapes the soil adhered to the inner side of the furrowing disc 35 (especially the fine soil embedded in the gap of the disc surface during the furrowing process) under the supporting action of the straight spring 8, avoids the inner soil accumulation to affect the matching precision of the two furrowing discs 35, ensures the stability of the V-shaped furrowing structure, and further ensures the regularity of the seeding furrow type.

[0048] With reference to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The rear end of the inner scraper plate 34 is fixedly installed with a covering plate 10, the covering plate 10 is in a door-shaped structure, the two matched furrowing discs 35 are located at the inner sides of the left and right ends of the covering plate 10, the left and right ends of the covering plate 10 are obliquely arranged away from the inner scraper plate 34 (forming an expanded structure), the covering plate 10 moves with the rack 1, after the seed sowing is completed, the covering plate 10 pushes the loose soil on the two sides of the groove to the groove by using the oblique end part, realizes the rapid covering of the seed, avoids the problems of bird pecking, wind drying or reduced germination rate caused by the seed exposed on the soil surface, and ensures the uniformity of the covering thickness.

[0049] With reference to Figure 5 and Figure 6The front end of the inner scraper 34 is fixedly installed with an extension pipe 11, the lower end of the material guide pipe 9 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the corresponding extension pipe 11 respectively, the vertical length of the lower end of the material guide pipe 9 is greater than the maximum upward stroke of the extension pipe 11, so that the lower end of the material guide pipe 9 is always located in the extension pipe 11 and in sliding fit with the inner wall of the extension pipe 11 during the upward and downward movement of the extension pipe 11, the extension pipe 11 is used for guiding the seeds, so that the seeds are closer to the bottom of the groove, the probability of the seeds moving between the two furrow discs 35 under the action of the airflow is reduced, the seed discharging position is more accurate, and the uniformity of the seed spacing is ensured; when the soil accumulated outside the groove is relatively much, the inner scraper 34 is pushed to move upward under the support of the soil, so as to drive the extension pipe 11 to lift upward, avoid the blockage of the lower end of the extension pipe 11 caused by the adhesion of the backfill soil in the groove, and at the same time, the material guide pipe 9 slides downward relative to the extension pipe 11, so as to scrape and clean a small amount of soil adhered to the lower end of the extension pipe 11, reduce the soil accumulation, and the lower end of the side wall of the extension pipe 11 is uniformly provided with an exhaust hole 12 in the circumferential direction, the diameter of the exhaust hole 12 is 2-3 mm, and the exhaust hole 12 is used for discharging the airflow in the material guide pipe 9 in advance, so that the seeds are discharged in the extension pipe 11 by gravity, the seed landing point is completely avoided from being deviated due to the airflow in the groove, and the uniformity of the seeding is further improved.

[0050] With reference to Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the mounting plate 31 is fixedly installed with an arc-shaped protection plate 13, the arc-shaped protection plate 13 is located above the two pair of furrow discs 35 and extends to the front side of the furrow discs 35, is used for blocking the soil and sundries splashed in the furrowing process from entering the paired gap of the two furrow discs 35, avoids the gap from being blocked, affects the rotation flexibility of the furrow discs 35, and protects the interface of the inner extension pipe 11 and the material guide pipe 9 from being impacted by the soil.

[0051] With reference to Figure 4 , the mounting plate 31 is fixedly installed with a support frame 14, the rear end of the support frame 14 is rotatably provided with a roller 15, the roller 15 is arranged in front of and behind the furrow disc 35 in a corresponding manner, the support frame 14 is fixedly installed with an L-shaped scraper 16, the L-shaped scraper 16 is arranged in cooperation with the outer arc surface of the upper end of the roller 15, the L-shaped scraper 16 is used for scraping the soil adhered to the surface of the roller 15 in real time during the rolling of the roller 15, avoids the soil accumulation from causing the uneven pressure of the roller 15, ensures the consistency of the compacting effect, and the support frame 14 is installed with an elastic strip 23, the rear end of the elastic strip 23 is located at the rear side of the roller 15 and is arranged in front of and behind the roller 15 in a corresponding manner.

[0052] The rolling wheel 15 moves forward along with the mounting plate 31, and in the process of moving, the rolling wheel 15 rotates to compact the backfilled soil in the groove, so that the soil is in close contact with the seeds, the required water supply for seed germination is ensured, and the soil conservation capacity is improved. The elastic strip 23 is made of spring steel material, and under the action of soil friction, the elastic strip 23 generates reciprocating elastic deformation to lightly scrape and comb the surface layer of the compacted soil, breaks the surface hardening trend, and keeps the surface layer of the seedbed in a loose state, which is beneficial to the seed germination and soil breaking and reduces the soil water evaporation, thereby providing favorable conditions for the growth of seedlings.

[0053] The implementation principle of the multi-purpose drill seeder according to the embodiment of the application is as follows:

[0054] The frame 1 is connected with an external tractor, the tractor drags the frame 1 to move, the front driving harrow 19 is driven by the power output shaft of the tractor to process the soil by deep harrowing, so as to create good soil conditions for seed germination. The heavy-duty wolf tooth roller 20 located at the rear side of the front driving harrow 19 rotates synchronously under the action of soil friction to crush and break the soil clods after deep harrowing. At the same time, the fertilizer applicator 21 is started by electric control, the fertilizer is transported to the inside of the furrow opener 22 at the lower end of the frame 1 through the discharge pipe, and the furrow opener 22 performs side-body fertilization of the seedling belt.

[0055] In the process of moving forward, the mounting plate 31 can move up and down along with the terrain through the four-link profiled structure formed by the upper connecting frame 17, the lower connecting frame 18 and the frame 1, and the tension of the tension spring 24, so as to ensure the consistency of the seeding depth. When the two pair of furrow discs 35 at the bottom of the mounting plate 31 rotate, the V-shaped furrow discs 35 push the soil outward, and the furrowing operation is quickly completed. In this process, the outer scrapers 33 at the left and right ends of the L-shaped plate 32 are always attached to the outer side of the furrow disc 35 under the cooperation of the arc-shaped guide rod 4 and the arc-shaped spring 5. When the outer side of the furrow disc 35 adheres to the soil, the soil with weak adhesion is directly removed by the outer scraper 33, and the soil with strong adhesion pushes the outer scraper 33 to drive the arc-shaped guide rod 4 to slide and press the arc-shaped spring 5. As the compression amount of the arc-shaped spring 5 increases, the pushing force of the outer scraper 33 on the soil gradually increases, and at the same time, the arc-shaped guide rod 4 slides obliquely away from the furrow disc 35, which helps the soil to separate from the outer side of the furrow disc 35, so as to avoid the adhesion of the soil affecting the furrowing effect. At the same time, the inner scraper 34 continuously scrapes off a small amount of soil adhered to the inner side of the furrow disc 35 under the support of the connecting column 7 and the straight spring 8, so as to ensure the smooth rotation of the furrow disc 35. When the inner scraper 34 encounters stubborn adhesion or sundries, the inner scraper 34 can move upward and compress the straight spring 8, so as to absorb the impact force through the elastic deformation of the straight spring 8, thereby avoiding the damage of the inner scraper 34. At the same time, the reaction force of the straight spring 8 makes the inner scraper 34 always attached to the inner side of the furrow disc 35, so as to ensure the continuity of the scraping effect.

[0056] When the air-blowing seed metering device 2 is started, the seeds are accelerated by the stable air flow generated by the air pump, enter the guide pipe 9 through the hose, and are then transported to the extension pipe 11 in front of the inner scraper 34. The extension pipe 11 is in sliding fit with the guide pipe 9, which can make the seeds closer to the bottom of the furrow, reduce the probability of the seeds moving between the two furrow openers 35, and ensure the uniformity of the plant spacing. The exhaust holes 12 at the lower end of the side wall of the extension pipe 11 discharge the air flow that transports the seeds in advance, so that the seeds are discharged by gravity, and the movement of the seeds in the furrow along with the air flow is further avoided. After the seeds fall into the furrow, the cover plate 10 moves with the frame 1, pushes the soil on the two sides of the furrow to the inside of the furrow, completes the covering of the seeds, and prevents the seeds from being exposed on the surface of the soil.

[0057] The rolling wheel 15 rotates with the forward movement of the frame 1, compacts the soil backfilled in the furrow, and the L-shaped scraper 16 on the support frame 14 continuously cleans the soil adhered to the outer arc surface of the upper end of the rolling wheel 15, so as to avoid the influence of the soil on the compaction effect. The elastic strip 23 at the rear side of the rolling wheel 15 loosens the surface layer of the compacted soil, so that the seedbed is not compacted, and provides favorable conditions for the seed to break through the soil and grow vigorously.

[0058] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "setting" should be understood broadly, and the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A multi-purpose row seeder, comprising a frame (1), an air-blowing seed metering device (2) fixedly mounted on the frame (1), and a disc-type seeding leg (3) mounted at the rear end of the frame (1), characterized in that: The disc-type seeding leg (3) includes a mounting plate (31), a U-shaped plate (32), an outer scraper (33), and an inner scraper (34). The mounting plate (31) is installed at equal intervals at the rear end of the frame (1). Two paired furrowing discs (35) are rotatably installed at the bottom of each mounting plate (31). The U-shaped plate (32) is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (31). Arc-shaped guide rods (4) are slidably connected inside the connecting blocks (25) fixedly installed at both ends of the U-shaped plate (32). The outer scraper (33) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the arc-shaped guide rod (4). The outer scraper (33) is respectively matched with the outer side of the adjacent furrowing disc (35). The front end of the arc-shaped guide rod (4) moves away from the furrowing disc (35). 5) is inclined in direction. The outer arc surface of the arc guide rod (4) is sleeved with an arc spring (5). The rear side of the U-shaped plate (32) is fixedly installed with a limiting plate (6). The limiting plate (6) is vertically slidably connected with a connecting column (7). The inner scraper (34) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting column (7) and cooperates with the inner side of the two adjacent trenching discs (35). The connecting column (7) is sleeved with a straight spring (8). The two ends of the straight spring (8) abut against the inner scraper (34) and the limiting plate (6) respectively. The mounting plate (31) is fixedly installed with a guide pipe (9). The seed discharge port of the air-blowing seed metering device (2) is connected to the upper end of the corresponding guide pipe (9) through a hose.

2. A multi-purpose drill-seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner scraper (34) is fixedly installed with a soil covering plate (10) at its rear end. Two paired trenching discs (35) are located on the inner sides of the left and right ends of the soil covering plate (10). The left and right ends of the soil covering plate (10) are inclined to the side away from the inner scraper (34).

3. A multi-purpose drill-seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: An extension tube (11) is fixedly installed at the front end of the inner scraper (34), and the lower end of the guide tube (9) slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the corresponding extension tube (11).

4. A multi-purpose drill-seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the side wall of the extension tube (11) is provided with exhaust holes (12) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

5. The multi-purpose drill-seeder of claim 1, wherein: An arc-shaped protective plate (13) is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (31). The arc-shaped protective plate (13) is located above the two paired trenching discs (35) and extends to the front side of the trenching discs (35) to prevent soil from entering between the two paired trenching discs (35).

6. A multi-purpose drill-seeder according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: A support frame (14) is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (31). A pressing wheel (15) is rotatably installed at the rear end of the support frame (14). The pressing wheel (15) is arranged in a front-to-back correspondence with the trenching disc (35). An L-shaped scraper (16) is fixedly installed on the support frame (14). The L-shaped scraper (16) is matched with the upper end of the outer arc surface of the pressing wheel (15). An elastic strip (23) is installed on the support frame (14). The rear end of the elastic strip (23) is located on the rear side of the pressing wheel (15) and is arranged in a front-to-back correspondence with the pressing wheel (15).

7. The multi-purpose drill-seeder of claim 1, wherein: The rear end of the rack (1) is respectively hinged with an upper connecting frame (17) and a lower connecting frame (18), the upper connecting frame (17) and the lower connecting frame (18) are vertically corresponding, the mounting plate (31) is respectively hinged with the vertically corresponding upper connecting frame (17) and the lower connecting frame (18), and the rear end of the upper connecting frame (17) and the front end of the vertically corresponding lower connecting frame (18) are connected with a tension spring (24).

8. The multi-purpose drill-seeder of claim 1, wherein: The front end of the rack (1) is linearly arrayed and rotatably provided with a front driving harrow (19).

9. A multi-purpose drill-seeder according to claim 8, characterized in that: A heavy-duty wolf tooth roller (20) is rotatably arranged on the rack (1), and the heavy-duty wolf tooth roller (20) is located at the rear side of the front driving harrow (19).

10. The multi-purpose drill-seeder of claim 1, wherein: A fertilizer applicator (21) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the rack (1), and an opener (22) is arranged at the lower end of the rack (1), a discharge pipe of the fertilizer applicator (21) extends into the opener (22), and the opener (22) and the disc type seeding leg (3) are arranged in a staggered manner in the left-right direction.

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