A nerve monitoring monopolar electrocoagulation hook and surgical instrument for thyroid surgery

Abstract

This application relates to a monopolar electrocoagulation hook and surgical instrument for nerve monitoring in thyroid surgery, belonging to the field of medical device technology. The electrocoagulation hook includes a nerve detection component installed at the front end of the handle, with an internal insulating tube containing a smoke-absorbing channel and a sliding hole. A rod is slidably inserted into the sliding hole and connected to an external power source. A hook, bent opposite to the rod, forms an electrocoagulation surface on the surface of the hook facing away from the smoke-absorbing channel. A primary heat-conducting component is provided on the hook, avoiding the electrocoagulation surface and thermally connected to it. A secondary heat-conducting component is provided on the rod, with one end thermally connected to the primary component and the other end extending into the smoke-absorbing channel. This two-stage heat conduction and dissipation design allows the heat generated during electrocoagulation to be rapidly conducted through the heat-conducting component and dissipated through the smoke-absorbing channel, thereby reducing the risk of heat diffusion to adjacent nerves and tissues and improving the safety and stability of the procedure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a nerve monitoring monopolar electrocoagulation hook and surgical instrument for thyroid surgery. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, monopolar electrocoagulation hooks are widely used in endoscopic thyroid surgery due to their advantages of flexible operation and integrated hemostasis and cutting. However, a prominent problem remains in clinical use: during continuous point pressing or sweeping cutting, local heat accumulation easily occurs at the blade tip, leading to a significant increase in blade temperature and uncontrollable heat diffusion. Because the anatomical space around the thyroid gland is narrow, and the recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands are adjacent to the surgical area, heat diffusion can easily cause irreversible damage to these important structures. However, existing electrocoagulation hooks primarily focus on meeting basic electrocutting and electrocoagulation functions, lacking effective means for blade tip heat management and directional conduction in their structural design. This makes precise control of the thermal effect difficult, especially during prolonged or high-frequency operations. Therefore, how to effectively suppress blade tip overheating and reduce the risk of heat diffusion while ensuring coagulation efficiency has become a pressing technical challenge that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a monopolar electrocoagulation hook for nerve monitoring and a surgical instrument for thyroid surgery, which at least partially solves the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a monopolar electrocoagulation hook for nerve monitoring in thyroid surgery is provided, comprising:

[0005] The nerve probe is configured to be mounted on the front end of the handle of a single-polar surgical instrument for nerve monitoring in thyroid surgery;

[0006] An insulating tube is installed inside the nerve detection device. An axial smoking channel and a sliding hole are provided on the insulating tube. The sliding hole and the smoking channel are spaced apart.

[0007] The rod and hook are provided. The rod is slidably inserted into the sliding hole and configured to be electrically connected to an external power source. The hook is located at the end of the rod away from the insulating tube and is bent relative to the rod. The hook is axially aligned with the front opening of the smoking channel. The surface of the hook facing away from the smoking channel is an electrocoagulation surface.

[0008] A primary heat-conducting component is disposed on the hook body and avoids the electrocoagulation surface; the primary heat-conducting component is thermally connected to the electrocoagulation surface.

[0009] A secondary heat-conducting component is provided on the rod body. One end of the secondary heat-conducting component is thermally connected to the primary heat-conducting component, and the other end extends into the smoking channel.

[0010] Optionally, the primary heat-conducting component includes a heat-conducting rod and a heat dissipation part, wherein a plurality of mounting cavities are spaced apart along the length direction of the hook body, and a heat-conducting rod is installed in each mounting cavity;

[0011] The hook body has a groove on the surface opposite to the electrocoagulation surface and along the length of the hook body. The groove is connected to multiple mounting cavities. One part of the heat dissipation part is embedded in the groove, and the other part of the heat dissipation part is located outside the groove and faces the smoking channel.

[0012] The first end of the heat-conducting rod is close to the electrocondensation surface, and the other end is connected to the heat dissipation part.

[0013] Optionally, the primary heat-conducting component further includes a first heat dissipation fin, which is disposed along the length of the heat dissipation part on the outer wall of the heat dissipation part facing the smoke channel;

[0014] A strip-shaped slit is formed on the outer wall of the heat dissipation part along its own length direction. One side edge of the first heat dissipation fin is embedded in the strip-shaped slit, and the other side edge faces the smoke channel.

[0015] Optionally, the secondary heat-conducting component includes a heat-conducting connection, a heat-conducting strip, and a second heat dissipation fin, wherein a side groove is provided on the side of the rod near the smoke channel and along the extension direction of the rod, and the heat-conducting strip is embedded in the side groove;

[0016] The first end of the heat-conducting connection is connected to the heat dissipation part, the second end of the heat-conducting connection is connected to the heat-conducting strip, and the surface of the connection between the rod and the hook is separated from the heat-conducting connection.

[0017] The second heat dissipation fin is connected to the end of the heat-conducting strip away from the heat-conducting connection, and a portion of the second heat dissipation fin extends into the smoke-absorbing channel.

[0018] Optionally, the inner wall of the side groove is covered with a heat insulation layer, and the heat-conducting strip is attached to the surface of the heat insulation layer.

[0019] Optionally, an axially connected channel is provided on the insulating tube body between the smoking channel and the sliding hole. The connected channel connects the sliding hole and the smoking channel and has an open end. The second heat dissipation fin is slidably inserted into the connected channel along the axial direction, and a portion of the second heat dissipation fin extends into the smoking channel after passing through the connected channel, and the rod body is limited to circumferentially rotating relative to the sliding hole.

[0020] Optionally, it also includes a thermal resistance element, which is disposed at the connection between the rod and the hook to prevent some of the heat generated by the electrocoating surface from being conducted from the hook to the rod.

[0021] Optionally, the thermal resistance element includes an insulating layer and a sealing isolation layer. An annular groove is provided on the surface of the connection between the rod body and the hook body. The insulating layer covers the inner surface of the annular groove, and the sealing isolation layer covers the groove opening surface of the annular groove. A portion of the sealing isolation layer is embedded in the annular groove and adheres to the insulating layer. The width of the sealing isolation layer is greater than the groove width of the annular groove.

[0022] According to a second aspect of this application, a neuro-monopolar surgical instrument for thyroid surgery is provided, comprising the neuro-monopolar electrocoagulation hook for thyroid surgery described in the first aspect.

[0023] Optionally, it also includes a handle, an electromyography (EMG) socket, and a lead wire. The thyroid surgery nerve monitoring monopolar electrocoagulation hook is installed at the front end of the handle, and the handle and the EMG socket are electrically connected via a lead wire.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] 1. This application incorporates primary and secondary heat-conducting components on the hook and rod respectively, with the two components thermally connected. This allows the heat generated during electrocoagulation and cutting on the electrocoagulation surface to be conducted along a specific heat-conducting path and dissipated step by step. The primary heat-conducting component is positioned away from the electrocoagulation surface, ensuring that the normal function of electrocoagulation and cutting is not affected to a certain extent. Simultaneously, it rapidly transfers heat to the hook's position away from the nerve, reducing the risk of heat diffusion to sensitive tissues such as the recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands. The secondary heat-conducting component is located on the rod and connected to the smoke extraction channel, allowing some heat to directly enter the smoke extraction channel through the heat dissipation components. Under the negative pressure of the smoke extraction, heat is efficiently carried away, further accelerating the temperature reduction rate. This tiered heat conduction and dissipation design not only effectively controls local overheating of the electrocoagulation surface but also reduces the risk of secondary damage caused by increased instrument surface temperature during surgery, balancing the dual requirements of cutting efficiency and tissue protection, thereby improving surgical safety and reliability.

[0026] 2. The placement of the second heat dissipation fin allows it to penetrate deep into the smoke extraction channel, enabling direct contact between its surface and the negative pressure airflow. This significantly improves heat dissipation efficiency, allowing heat conducted from the electrocoagulation surface to the heat-conducting components to be removed more quickly. This helps reduce the overall temperature of the electrocoagulation hook, minimizing the risk of heat diffusion to sensitive tissues such as the nerve side and parathyroid gland, thus improving thermal management performance. On the other hand, in terms of structural function, since both the rod and the sliding hole have circular cross-sections, without an auxiliary limiting mechanism, the rod is prone to circumferential rotation relative to the sliding hole during long-term use, causing deviation in the operating direction and affecting the accuracy of the surgical procedure. The second heat dissipation fin, inserted into the connecting channel and forming a stable fit with the channel wall, to a certain extent restricts the relative rotation of the rod and the sliding hole, thereby maintaining the directional consistency of the rod and operational stability. This dual-functional design not only improves the instrument's thermal control performance but also increases structural reliability, giving it high comprehensive application value. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the thyroid surgery nerve monitoring monopolar surgical instrument provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the thyroid surgery nerve monitoring monopolar electrocoagulation hook and the handle provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the monopolar electrocoagulation hook for nerve monitoring in thyroid surgery provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the monopolar electrocoagulation hook for nerve monitoring in thyroid surgery provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of part A in the image.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0035] 1. Neural detection device;

[0036] 2. Insulating tube body; 21. Smoking passage; 22. Sliding hole; 23. Connecting passage;

[0037] 3. Rod body; 31. Side groove; 311. Insulation layer;

[0038] 4. Hook body; 41. Electrocoating surface; 42. Mounting cavity; 43. Insert groove; 44. Annular groove;

[0039] 5. Primary heat-conducting component; 51. Heat-conducting rod; 52. Heat dissipation section; 521. Strip-shaped slot; 53. First heat dissipation fin;

[0040] 6. Secondary heat-conducting component; 61. Heat-conducting connection; 62. Heat-conducting strip; 63. Second heat dissipation fin;

[0041] 7. Thermal resistance component; 71. Insulating layer; 72. Sealing and isolation layer;

[0042] 8. Handle;

[0043] 9. Electromyography socket; 91. Wire. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0045] In the first aspect, this application provides a monopolar electrocoagulation hook for nerve monitoring during thyroid surgery. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The electrocoagulation hook includes a nerve detection component 1, an insulating tube 2, a rod 3, a hook 4, a primary heat-conducting component 5, and a secondary heat-conducting component 6.

[0046] For example, the nerve detector 1 is installed at the front end of the handle 8 of the surgical instrument to detect the state of the nerves near the thyroid gland in conjunction with the monitoring system during the operation.

[0047] Exemplarily, the insulating tube 2 is disposed inside the nerve detector 1. The insulating tube 2 has an axially oriented smoking channel 21 and a sliding hole 22, with a certain distance maintained between the sliding hole 22 and the smoking channel 21. The rod 3 is slidably inserted into the sliding hole 22 and can be electrically connected to an external power source to supply current to the hook 4. The hook 4 is installed at the end of the rod 3 away from the insulating tube 2 and has a certain bending angle with the axial direction of the rod 3. The hook 4 faces the front opening of the smoking channel 21, and an electrocoagulation surface 41 is formed on the side of the hook 4 away from the smoking channel 21.

[0048] For example, the rod 3 is a variable diameter rod, that is, the diameter of the part of the rod 3 that slides in the sliding hole 22 is greater than the diameter of the part of the rod 3 that connects to the hook 4.

[0049] It is understandable that the smoke extraction channel 21 can promptly remove the smoke generated during electrocoagulation cutting operations on the hook 4, ensuring a clear surgical field under endoscopy. The telescopic design of the rod 3 within the sliding hole 22 allows its extension length to be adaptively adjusted according to the surgical situation, facilitating the surgeon to maintain a suitable electrocoagulation cutting state during operations at different depths or angles.

[0050] For example, the primary heat-conducting component 5 is disposed on the hook body 4 and avoids the electrocoagulation surface 41, and the primary heat-conducting component 5 has a thermally conductive connection with the electrocoagulation surface 41. The heat generated during the electrocoagulation cutting process accumulates on the surface of the electrocoagulation surface 41. The primary heat-conducting component 5 can quickly guide the accumulated heat to the non-electrocoagulation working side of the hook body 4 during the current flow or for a certain period of time after the current is turned off, and transfer it to the end away from the nerve through the structural shape of the primary heat-conducting component 5 itself. Furthermore, the primary heat-conducting component 5 is disposed in the area away from the electrocoagulation surface 41, so as not to affect the normal cutting or coagulation function of the electrocoagulation surface 41, while forming a beneficial directional flow effect in the heat transfer direction, causing the heat to tend to migrate along the distal end of the hook body 4 away from the electrocoagulation surface 41, thereby reducing the tendency to diffuse towards the recurrent laryngeal nerve or parathyroid gland to a certain extent.

[0051] For example, the secondary heat-conducting component 6 is disposed on the rod body 3 and is located away from the electrocoagulation surface 41. The secondary heat-conducting component 6 forms a thermally conductive connection with the primary heat-conducting component 5. One end of the secondary heat-conducting component 6 contacts the primary heat-conducting component 5, and the other end extends into the smoke channel 21. Through this design, the heat transferred from the primary heat-conducting component 5 can continue to be conducted to the secondary heat-conducting component 6, and the negative pressure suction inside the smoke channel 21 can achieve a faster dissipation effect. The part of the secondary heat-conducting component 6 on the rod body 3 and extending into the smoke channel 21 can fully contact the airflow in the channel, and use the flow of the airflow to further remove the conducted heat. Therefore, with the cooperation of the two-stage heat conduction path, the temperature rise of the electrocoagulation surface 41 can be suppressed to a certain extent, the heat diffusion range is reduced, and the risk of damage to peripheral nerves and glands due to overheating is reduced.

[0052] Thus, under the aforementioned structural relationship, the primary heat-conducting component 5 plays a crucial role in the rapid transfer of localized heat from the electrocoagulation surface 41. Its heat-conducting material and its connection method with the hook body 4 directly affect the heat transfer efficiency. Preferably, a metal or composite material with high thermal conductivity and a certain degree of biocompatibility is used, such as copper alloy, silver alloy, or a high thermal conductivity aluminum alloy insert with an insulating layer. The secondary heat-conducting component 6 needs to have a longer extension on the rod body 3 to ensure sufficient contact with the airflow inside the smoke extraction channel 21, and further improve heat transfer efficiency by increasing the heat dissipation area. The smoke extraction channel 21 not only removes smoke during surgery but also forms an additional cooling path through its cooperation with the secondary heat-conducting component 6, playing a dual role in the surgical setting.

[0053] Through the cooperation of the nerve detection component 1, insulating tube 2, rod 3, hook 4, primary heat conduction component 5, and secondary heat conduction component 6, the electrocoagulation hook in this embodiment, while possessing conventional cutting and coagulation functions, provides a two-stage heat conduction and dissipation path in its structure. This accelerates the temperature drop rate of the electrocoagulation surface 41 and directs the heat diffusion direction further away from the nerve, reducing the possibility of heat acting on the recurrent laryngeal nerve or parathyroid gland. Overall, this is beneficial to improving the safety and controllability of electrocoagulation cutting.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the primary heat-conducting component 5 includes a heat-conducting rod 51 and a heat dissipation part 52. The heat-conducting rod 51 is disposed inside the hook body 4. Multiple mounting cavities 42 are spaced apart inside the hook body 4 along the length direction of the hook body 4. Each mounting cavity 42 is equipped with a heat-conducting rod 51, and the length direction of the mounting cavity 42 is perpendicular to the length direction of the hook body 4.

[0055] Furthermore, the first end of the heat-conducting rod 51 is close to the electrocondensing surface 41, and the other end is connected to the heat dissipation part 52. The heat dissipation part 52 is arranged on the side of the hook body 4 away from the electrocondensing surface 41. A groove 43 is formed on the surface of the hook body 4 along its length. The groove 43 communicates with multiple mounting cavities 42. A part of the heat dissipation part 52 is embedded in the groove 43, and another part is exposed on the surface of the hook body 4 and faces the smoke extraction channel 21. Specifically, a heat insulation layer is provided on the inner surface of the groove 43. The part of the heat dissipation part 52 located in the groove 43 is in contact with the heat insulation layer. This can effectively prevent the heat on the heat dissipation part 52 from returning to the hook body 4 during the heat transfer process, thereby improving the guiding performance of heat transfer.

[0056] It is understandable that, through this structure, the electrocoagulation surface 41 will generate significant heat during the coagulation process due to the high-frequency current. The heat-conducting rod 51, with its high thermal conductivity, can transfer localized heat to the heat dissipation part 52 in a short time when it comes into contact with the vicinity of the electrocoagulation surface 41, reducing the tendency for heat to continuously accumulate in the area of ​​the electrocoagulation surface 41. The heat dissipation part 52 maintains a thermally conductive connection with the heat-conducting rod 51 and is partially exposed on the outer surface of the hook body 4, positioned on the side away from the nerve. Therefore, during heat conduction, heat is preferentially transferred to the side away from the nerve and diffuses there, which helps to inhibit heat diffusion towards the nerve to a certain extent, thereby reducing the risk of nerve overheating.

[0057] For example, the heat dissipation part 52 and the heat conduction rod 51 can be made of metals with good thermal conductivity and biocompatibility, such as copper alloys, silver alloys or high thermal conductivity aluminum alloys. These materials can improve the heat transfer rate and have a certain mechanical strength, making them suitable for stable use in the miniaturized structure of electrocoagulation hooks.

[0058] In some embodiments, the primary heat-conducting component 5 further includes a first heat dissipation fin 53. The first heat dissipation fin 53 is disposed along the length of the heat dissipation portion 52 on the outer wall of the heat dissipation portion 52 facing the smoke extraction channel 21. A strip-shaped slit 521 is also formed on the outer wall of the heat dissipation portion 52 along its own length. One edge of the heat dissipation fin can be embedded in the strip-shaped slit 521, while the other edge faces the smoke extraction channel 21. In this structure, the first heat dissipation fin 53 maintains reliable thermal contact with the heat dissipation portion 52, and heat can continue to be conducted from the heat dissipation portion 52 to the heat dissipation fin. Since the first heat dissipation fin 53 is a thin sheet structure, it has a larger heat dissipation area within a limited volume, thereby helping to release more heat in the same amount of time.

[0059] Meanwhile, the first heat dissipation fin 53 is exposed on the outer wall of the hook body 4, directly opposite the smoking channel 21, allowing it to exchange heat with the negative pressure airflow generated within the smoking channel 21 during surgery. This airflow accelerates the heat dissipation efficiency of the fins. The heat dissipation fins are preferably made of high thermal conductivity metals or alloys, ensuring high mechanical strength while conducting heat. In addition to its heat dissipation function, the first heat dissipation fin 53, being a thin sheet structure, allows the edge of the first heat dissipation part 52, which is away from the electrocoagulation surface 41, to assist in lifting, manipulating, or lightly cutting the internal thyroid tissue during surgery when the side of the hook body 4 away from the heat dissipation surface 41 contacts the tissue. This versatility provides operational convenience in the confined anatomical space of the thyroid gland.

[0060] In summary, this embodiment introduces multiple heat-conducting rods 51 inside the hook body 4 to rapidly conduct the localized heat generated by the electrocoagulation surface 41 to the heat dissipation part 52. Combined with the heat dissipation part 52 on the side opposite to the electrocoagulation surface 41 and its corresponding first heat dissipation fins 53, heat can achieve directional migration and diffusion within a shorter path. Further dissipation occurs under the negative pressure of the smoke channel 21. The overall structure helps control the degree of temperature accumulation on the electrocoagulation surface 41, reducing the risk of heat spreading laterally to the recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands. Simultaneously, the heat dissipation part 52 and the first heat dissipation fins 53 not only provide heat conduction and dissipation functions but also assist in tissue manipulation and separation operations to a certain extent, making the instrument more practical during surgery.

[0061] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the secondary heat-conducting component 6 includes a heat-conducting connection part 61, a heat-conducting strip 62, and a second heat dissipation fin 63. A side groove 31 is machined along the extension direction of the rod 3 on the side of the rod body 3 near the smoke channel 21. The heat-conducting strip 62 is embedded in the side groove 31. The first end of the heat-conducting connection part 61 is thermally connected to the heat dissipation part 52, and the second end is thermally connected to the heat-conducting strip 62. The surface at the connection between the rod body 3 and the hook body 4 is separated from the heat-conducting connection part 61, thereby ensuring the guiding nature of the heat conduction path from the primary heat-conducting component 5 to the secondary heat-conducting component 6. The second heat dissipation fin 63 is connected to the end of the heat-conducting strip 62 away from the heat-conducting connection part 61, and a portion of the second heat dissipation fin 63 extends outward into the interior of the smoke channel 21.

[0062] In this structure, after the primary heat-conducting component 5 transfers the heat generated by the electrocondensing surface 41 to the heat dissipation part 52, some of the heat is further conducted to the heat-conducting strip 62 via the heat-conducting connection part 61. The heat-conducting strip 62 then transfers the heat to the second heat dissipation fin 63. Since the second heat dissipation fin 63 extends into the smoke channel 21, it can directly exchange heat with the negative pressure airflow in the smoke channel 21. Therefore, the heat is more fully diffused and carried away in the secondary path, thereby accelerating the cooling process of the electrocondensing surface 41 to a certain extent. This makes the temperature change of the electrocondensing surface 41 relatively stable during repeated opening and closing, and it is not easy for continuous heating to occur. This is beneficial to reducing the risk of thermal damage to the adjacent recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid gland. The heat-conducting connection part 61 and the heat-conducting strip 62 can be made of metal materials with good thermal conductivity, such as high thermal conductivity copper alloy, silver alloy or high thermal conductivity aluminum alloy. These materials can quickly transfer locally accumulated heat and maintain good thermal conductivity within a limited volume. The second heat dissipation fin 63 is also preferably made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity and structural stability, such as copper alloy or high-strength aluminum alloy, so as to ensure heat dissipation efficiency and mechanical support.

[0063] In some embodiments, the inner wall surface of the side groove 31 is covered with a heat insulation layer 311, and the heat-conducting strip 62 is attached to the surface of the heat insulation layer 311. Due to the presence of the heat insulation layer 311, there is an isolation structure between the heat-conducting strip 62 and the rod 3 during the heat transfer process, so that the heat transfer path is kept between the heat-conducting strip 62 and the heat dissipation direction, and it is not easy for the heat to be transferred back to the rod 3 body. This is beneficial to enhance the directionality and stability of heat conduction, avoid the re-accumulation of heat inside the metal of the rod 3, and thus reduce the reverse heat flow to the electrocoating surface 41 area. The material of the heat insulation layer 311 can be a high-temperature resistant and low-thermal-conductivity polymer or ceramic material, such as polyimide film, alumina coating, or silica thin layer. These materials have good insulation and heat resistance properties in medical device applications, and can maintain a reliable heat insulation effect when the heat-conducting strip 62 is tightly attached, without affecting the overall assembly tightness.

[0064] In some embodiments, an axially connected channel 23 is provided on the insulating tube 2 between the smoke-absorbing channel 21 and the sliding hole 22. The connected channel 23 connects the sliding hole 22 and the smoke-absorbing channel 21, and the distal end of the connected channel 23 is open. The second heat dissipation fin 63 is slidably inserted into the connected channel 23 along the axial direction, and part of the structure extends into the smoke-absorbing channel 21 after passing through the connected channel 23. Furthermore, the outer diameter of the heat-conducting strip 62 is smaller than the width of the connected channel 23, so that the heat-conducting strip 62 can also slide normally into the connected channel 23, avoiding jamming when the telescopic rod 3 is extended.

[0065] It is understandable that this arrangement allows the second heat dissipation fins 63 to penetrate deeper into the smoke extraction channel 21, interacting more effectively with the negative pressure airflow and improving heat dissipation. Furthermore, the second heat dissipation fins 63 and the connecting channel 23 work together to restrict the relative rotation between the rod 3 and the sliding hole 22, thus providing a limiting effect. Because the rod 3 and hook 4 are very small, typically only a few millimeters in size, and to ensure both manufacturing efficiency and usability, they must be machined with circular cross-sections. Since both the rod 3 and the sliding hole 22 have circular cross-sections, this could potentially cause the rod 3 to rotate relative to the sliding hole 22, leading to uncontrolled rotation after prolonged use. In other words, since both the rod 3 and the sliding hole 22 have circular cross-sections, without an auxiliary limiting structure, the rod 3 may experience uncontrolled circumferential rotation after long-term use, affecting the accuracy of intraoperative procedures. When the second heat dissipation fin 63 is inserted into the connecting channel 23, its edge forms a stable guiding fit with the channel wall, thereby restricting the circumferential rotation of the rod 3 and the sliding hole 22. This helps maintain the operational stability and directional consistency of the rod 3 during use. Thus, the second heat dissipation fin 63 not only plays a role in thermal management but also provides additional technical functionality in terms of structural stability.

[0066] Therefore, through the aforementioned secondary heat-conducting component 6, the heat generated by the electrocoagulation surface 41 can be conducted to the heat dissipation part 52 via the primary heat-conducting component 5, and then to the smoke-dissipating channel 21 via the heat-conducting connection part 61, the heat-conducting strip 62, and the second heat dissipation fin 63, forming a two-stage continuous heat conduction and multi-path heat dissipation structure, allowing heat to be gradually transferred and dissipated between different structures. The first level of heat dissipation mainly relies on the heat dissipation part 52 to diffuse on the side away from the nerve, while the second level of heat dissipation relies on the heat-conducting strip 62 and the second heat dissipation fin 63 extending into the smoke-dissipating channel 21 for deeper guided heat dissipation. The combination of the two allows heat to be dissipated away from the nerve in a short time, and the airflow in the smoke-dissipating channel 21 carries away the heat. At the same time, the setting of the heat insulation layer 311 ensures that the heat conduction path is not easily transmitted back to the rod 3, and the sliding insertion structure of the connecting channel 23 and the second heat dissipation fin 63 enhances the stability of the rod 3 during surgical operations. The entire structure has a combined beneficial effect in terms of thermal control and operational control. This overall solution can, to some extent, reduce the continuous heating trend of the electrocoagulation surface 41, reduce the risk of lateral heat diffusion, and provide protection for nerves and surrounding tissues.

[0067] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The thyroid surgery nerve monitoring monopolar electrocoagulation hook also includes a thermal resistance element 7. This element 7 is located at the connection between the rod 3 and the hook 4. It is used to regulate the direction of heat conduction during electrocoagulation on the electrocoagulation surface 41, preventing the heat released from the electrocoagulation surface 41 from being transferred over a large area to the rod 3. This allows the main heat transfer direction to be concentrated primarily within the primary heat-conducting component 5 inside the hook 4. Since the rod 3 is a crucial part connecting the electrocoagulation hook to the external power source, and its internal metal has strong electrical conductivity, without the thermal resistance element 7 for isolation, some heat might be conducted along the rod 3 to the handle 8. This would not only hinder the stable use of the surgical instrument but also potentially affect the effective heat collection by the heat-conducting component. Therefore, adding the thermal resistance element 7 at the connection between the rod 3 and the hook 4 helps to create a zoned heat management system, ensuring that more of the heat generated by the hook 4 is directed to the primary heat-conducting component 5 and the secondary heat-conducting component 6, thereby enhancing heat dissipation efficiency and maintaining the temperature of the electrocoagulation surface 41 within a suitable range.

[0068] For example, the thermal resistance element 7 includes an insulating layer 71 and a sealing isolation layer 72. An annular groove 44 is machined on the surface of the connection between the rod body 3 and the hook body 4. The insulating layer 71 is tightly covered on the inner surface of the annular groove 44, and the sealing isolation layer 72 is covered at the opening of the annular groove 44. A portion of the sealing isolation layer 72 is embedded inside the annular groove 44 and adheres to the surface of the insulating layer 71. Since the annular groove 44 is an annular groove structure, if it is used directly exposed, it is easy to generate electric field concentration under the action of high-frequency electrical energy during surgery, thereby increasing the risk of electrical leakage. Therefore, by setting the insulating layer 71 on the inner surface, the charge accumulation phenomenon can be reduced to a certain extent, making the electrocoagulation process more stable, and improving the safety of the instrument in the clinical environment.

[0069] For example, the sealing isolation layer 72 covers the surface of the groove and its width is greater than the groove width of the annular groove 44. Therefore, it can not only cover the groove but also enhance the sealing performance, thereby reducing the possibility of thyroid tissue or fluid entering the interior of the annular groove 44 during operation and reducing cleaning and functional risks caused by residue accumulation.

[0070] It is understandable that the insulating layer 71 is attached to the inner surface of the annular groove 44, forming an electrically insulating isolation layer to prevent current leakage due to the uneven surface of the exposed metal, thereby improving the stability of the electrocoagulation energy concentration on the electrocoagulation surface 41. Simultaneously, the sealing isolation layer 72, located at the opening of the annular groove 44, acts as a barrier against heat, limiting the heat flow along the conduction path and preventing excessive lateral diffusion into the rod body 3. It also prevents heat from diffusing from the uneven surface of the annular groove 44 to the lateral nerves, instead forming the main heat transfer path in the direction of the heat-conducting rod 51. This structural design facilitates the directional conduction and dissipation of heat. Therefore, the heat generated during the electrocoagulation process on the electrocoagulation surface 41 can more effectively enter the heat-conducting components for transfer and dissipation, without generating excessive heat accumulation on the surface of the rod body 3.

[0071] It is worth noting that, in terms of material selection, the insulating layer 71 can be made of materials such as polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, or alumina ceramic coating. These materials all have the characteristics of high temperature resistance, arc impact resistance, and good electrical insulation properties, enabling them to exist stably in high-frequency electrical energy environments and not easily fail due to repeated thermal cycling. The sealing and isolation layer 72 can be made of flexible and high-temperature resistant polymer materials such as silicone rubber, fluororubber, and medical-grade polyurethane. These materials are often used as seals in medical device applications, maintaining good mechanical sealing performance while also having a certain thermal resistance effect, thus acting as a barrier at the compact front end of the electrocoagulation hook.

[0072] In summary, this embodiment adds a thermal resistance element 7 at the connection between the rod 3 and the hook 4. Specifically, the thermal resistance element 7 is configured as an insulating layer 71 within the annular groove 44 and a sealing isolation layer 72 at the groove opening. This effectively blocks and guides the heat generated by the hook 4 along the conduction path, ensuring that most of the heat is conducted to the heat-conducting components rather than being ineffectively transferred to the rod 3. This reduces the impact of surgical instrument heating on the operation and further enhances safety. The insulating layer 71 avoids the risk of electrical leakage, and the sealing isolation layer 72 improves sealing and thermal barrier performance. The combination of these two elements enhances the overall performance of the instrument in terms of thermal management and electrical safety, meeting the needs for precise electrocoagulation and heat diffusion control in thyroid constriction surgery.

[0073] Secondly, combining Figures 1 to 5 A neuro-monopolar surgical instrument for thyroid surgery is provided, including a first aspect of a neuro-monopolar electrocoagulation hook for thyroid surgery.

[0074] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The surgical instrument also includes a handle 8, an electromyography socket 9, and a lead wire 91. A thyroid surgery nerve monitoring monopolar electrocoagulation hook is installed at the front end of the handle 8, and the handle 8 and the electromyography socket 9 are electrically connected through the lead wire 91.

[0075] It is understandable that the handle 8, as the component directly operated by the doctor, needs to have a certain ergonomic design to allow the doctor to stably control the direction and force of the hook 4 within the confined anatomical space of the thyroid gland. By setting an electromyography socket 9 at the rear end of the handle 8 and electrically connecting it to the electrocoagulation hook via a wire 91, the electrophysiological signals of the target nerve can be collected simultaneously during the electrocoagulation cutting process. The wire 91, as the transmission path, can be a medical wire with flexibility and good shielding performance, which can withstand repeated bending and reduce the impact of external electromagnetic interference on signal acquisition, thereby ensuring the sensitivity and reliability of nerve monitoring to a certain extent.

[0076] Meanwhile, the electrocoagulation hook is mounted on the front end of the handle 8, ensuring the overall compactness and ease of operation of the instrument. The handle 8 is electrically connected to the electromyography socket 9 via a wire 91, allowing nerve monitoring and electrocoagulation functions to be performed collaboratively within a single instrument. This integrated design allows surgeons to switch between electrocoagulation and nerve monitoring during surgery without frequent instrument changes, thereby improving surgical efficiency and reducing the risk of thermal damage to important structures such as the recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands. Therefore, this structure not only meets the needs of thyroid surgery for electrocoagulation cutting and hemostasis but also takes into account the real-time monitoring requirements of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, making the surgical procedure safer and more reliable.

[0077] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0078] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0079] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0080] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A monopolar electrocoagulation hook for nerve monitoring in thyroid surgery, characterized in that, include: The nerve probe (1) is configured to be mounted on the front end of the handle (8) of the nerve monitoring monopolar surgical instrument for thyroid surgery; An insulating tube (2) is installed inside the nerve detector (1). The insulating tube (2) is axially provided with a smoking channel (21) and a sliding hole (22). The sliding hole (22) and the smoking channel (21) are spaced apart. The rod (3) and hook (4) are provided. The rod (3) is slidably inserted into the sliding hole (22) and configured to be electrically connected to an external power source. The hook (4) is located at the end of the rod (3) away from the insulating tube (2) and is bent relative to the rod (3). The hook (4) is axially aligned with the front opening of the smoking channel (21). The surface of the hook (4) facing away from the smoking channel (21) is an electrocoagulation surface (41). A primary heat-conducting component (5) is disposed on the hook body (4) and avoids the electrocoating surface (41). The primary heat-conducting component (5) is thermally connected to the electrocoating surface (41). The primary heat-conducting component (5) includes a heat-conducting rod (51) and a heat dissipation part (52). A plurality of mounting cavities (42) are spaced apart along the length direction of the hook body (4). A heat-conducting rod (51) is installed in each mounting cavity (42). A groove (43) is formed on the surface of the hook body (4) away from the electrocoating surface (41) and along the length direction of the hook body (4). The groove (43) communicates with the plurality of mounting cavities (42) simultaneously. A part of the heat dissipation part (52) is embedded in the groove. (43) Inside, another part of the heat dissipation part (52) is located outside the groove (43) and faces the smoke passage (21). The first end of the heat-conducting rod (51) is close to the electrocondensation surface (41), and the other end is connected to the heat dissipation part (52). The primary heat-conducting component (5) also includes a first heat dissipation fin (53). The first heat dissipation fin (53) is disposed on the outer wall of the heat dissipation part (52) facing the smoke passage (21) along the length direction of the heat dissipation part (52). A strip-shaped slit (521) is opened on the outer wall of the heat dissipation part (52) along its own length direction. One side edge of the first heat dissipation fin (53) is embedded in the strip-shaped slit (521), and the other side edge faces the smoke passage (21). A secondary heat-conducting component (6) is disposed on the rod body (3). One end of the secondary heat-conducting component (6) is thermally connected to the primary heat-conducting component (5), and the other end extends into the smoke-smoking channel (21). The secondary heat-conducting component (6) includes a heat-conducting connection part (61), a heat-conducting strip (62), and a second heat dissipation fin (63). A side groove (31) is provided on the side of the rod body (3) near the smoke-smoking channel (21) and along the extension direction of the rod body (3). The heat-conducting strip (62) is embedded in the side groove (31). The first end of the heat-conducting connection part (61) is connected to the heat dissipation part (52), and the second end of the heat-conducting connection part (61) is connected to the heat-conducting strip (62). The surface of the connection between the rod body (3) and the hook body (4) is separated from the heat-conducting connection part (61). The second heat dissipation fin (63) is connected to the end of the heat-conducting strip (62) away from the heat-conducting connection (61), and a portion of the second heat dissipation fin (63) extends into the smoke-smoking channel (21). An axially connected channel (23) is provided on the insulating tube (2) between the smoke-smoking channel (21) and the sliding hole (22). The connected channel (23) connects the sliding hole (22) with the smoke-smoking channel (21) and is open at the end. The second heat dissipation fin (63) is slidably inserted into the connected channel (23) along the axial direction, and a portion of the second heat dissipation fin (63) extends into the smoke-smoking channel (21) after passing through the connected channel (23), and limits the rod (3) to rotate circumferentially relative to the sliding hole (22).

2. The monopolar electrocoagulation hook for nerve monitoring in thyroid surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the side groove (31) is covered with a heat insulation layer (311), and the heat-conducting strip (62) is attached to the surface of the heat insulation layer (311).

3. A monopolar electrocoagulation hook for nerve monitoring in thyroid surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, It also includes a thermal resistance element (7), which is located at the connection between the rod body (3) and the hook body (4) to prevent some of the heat generated by the electrocoagulation surface (41) from being conducted from the hook body (4) to the rod body (3).

4. The monopolar electrocoagulation hook for nerve monitoring in thyroid surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thermal resistance element (7) includes an insulating layer (71) and a sealing isolation layer (72). An annular groove (44) is provided on the surface of the connection between the rod body (3) and the hook body (4). The insulating layer (71) is covered on the inner surface of the annular groove (44). The sealing isolation layer (72) is covered on the groove opening surface of the annular groove (44). Part of the sealing isolation layer (72) is embedded in the annular groove (44) and is in contact with the insulating layer (71). The width of the sealing isolation layer (72) is greater than the groove width of the annular groove (44).

5. A single-polar surgical instrument for nerve monitoring in thyroid surgery, characterized in that, Includes the thyroid surgery nerve monitoring monopolar electrocoagulation hook as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The unipolar surgical instrument for nerve monitoring in thyroid surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a handle (8), an electromyography socket (9), and a wire (91). The thyroid surgery nerve monitoring monopolar electrocoagulation hook is installed at the front end of the handle (8), and the handle (8) and the electromyography socket (9) are electrically connected through the wire (91).

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