Inclined stirring friction powder deposition additive manufacturing device and process

Abstract

The invention provides an inclined friction stir powder deposition additive manufacturing device and process, the inclined friction stir powder deposition additive manufacturing process comprises an inclined device and a deposition process, the inclined device is designed to incline a whole stirring head, incline a deposition part at the bottom of the stirring head and incline a supporting table, and the deposition process comprises a deposition step matched with the inclined device. The graphic device is used in cooperation with a vertical milling machine, and the stirring head is installed in a spindle taper hole of the milling and drilling machine. The device is high in flexibility, can be installed in a user-defined mode so that the deposition efficiency and the deposition quality can be improved conveniently, is used for additive manufacturing of various materials, and aims at improving the deposition quality and efficiency of additive components. The design of the vertical grooves in the bottom of the stirring head is used for promoting powder flowing, meanwhile, good metallurgical bonding between a substrate and powder raw materials is achieved in a deposition area, and therefore material adding is better achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid-state friction stir additive manufacturing, specifically to an inclined friction stir powder deposition additive manufacturing apparatus and process. Background Technology

[0002] Solid-state friction stir additive manufacturing (SSM) technology, developed based on friction stir welding and additive manufacturing techniques, is a new technology for forming and manufacturing large, lightweight metal parts. Because the deposition zone in SSM is entirely composed of weld nuclei from the friction stir weld, these nuclei are sequentially stacked during the friction stir process. As a solid-state deposition additive manufacturing process, the deposited sample does not exhibit various melting and solidification defects such as porosity, cracks, and alloy element burn-off common in molten additive manufacturing. It boasts a higher recrystallization fraction, achieving a fully dense, fine equiaxed grain structure and excellent mechanical properties. This provides a forming route for metal additive manufacturing that is applicable to a wide range of materials, offers good overall component performance, is highly efficient, and low-cost. This technology has become one of the research hotspots in the field of advanced forming and manufacturing both domestically and internationally.

[0003] Friction stir deposition (FSD), using powder-based feedstock, can address the future demand for large-scale additive manufacturing equipment. It offers a simple raw material addition method and achieves high deposition quality. However, the shape of the stirring head, various process parameters, and the plastic flow characteristics of different alloy compositions are key factors influencing the interfacial bonding mechanism and defect formation in FSD layers. Furthermore, it is susceptible to the influence of platform and substrate flatness, leading to uneven deposition, inconsistent deposition quality, and significant challenges in controlling powder flow rate.

[0004] Therefore, an inclined friction stir powder deposition additive manufacturing device was designed. Since the entire working method is inclined at a certain angle, the powder is spread on the inclined surface, and there is no need to consider the powder flow rate. The problem of difficult powder addition is solved by the inclination and friction stirring and vibration between the stirring head and the substrate (horizontal friction stir powder additive manufacturing requires an additional pressure device as a feeding system, and the replenishment of materials is more difficult and cumbersome). It also solves the problems of the influence of the flatness of the stage and substrate, uneven deposition caused by powder flow rate, and inconsistent deposition quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes an inclined friction stir powder deposition additive manufacturing apparatus and process, which solves the problems of uneven deposition, inconsistent deposition quality, and high difficulty in controlling powder flow rate that are currently applied to friction stir powder deposition additive manufacturing, which are easily affected by powder flow rate, platform, and substrate flatness.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an inclined friction stir powder deposition additive manufacturing apparatus and process, wherein the inclined apparatus includes a special groove on the side of the stirring head, an overall inclination of the stirring head, an inclination of the bottom of the stirring head for deposition, and an inclination of the support plate.

[0007] The tilting device includes a special groove on the side of the stirring head, the overall tilting of the stirring head, the tilting of the bottom of the stirring head for the deposition part, and the tilting of the support plate.

[0008] Preferably, the grooves on the side of the stirring head are configured as eight slots on the surface of the deposition portion. This promotes powder flow, good powder metallurgy bonding, and a more uniform and smooth deposition surface.

[0009] Preferably, the inclined friction stir powder deposition additive manufacturing apparatus mainly includes an inclined stirring head, an inclined bottom part of the stirring head for deposition, and an inclined support plate, wherein the inclination of the stirring head is provided by the robotic arm of the milling machine, and the stirring head is held by the robotic arm by a matching fixture.

[0010] Preferably, the inclination of the sedimentation portion at the bottom of the stirring head is such that the sedimentation portion at the bottom of the stirring head is tilted upwards at a certain angle to match the inclination of the overall tilting device, with a maximum of 5 degrees and a maximum of 15 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the support platform is tilted at a certain angle to match the tilting device, with a maximum tilt of 45 degrees. The tilted surface is provided with four screw holes for fixing the base plate, and the bottom is detachably connected to the base through two openings.

[0012] Preferably, the support platform is made of heat-insulating and pressure-resistant material to stabilize the frictional heat gradient caused by stirring friction and improve the strength uniformity of the material.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages and technical effects: Compared with existing related technologies, the machine used in this invention can be modified from a common milling machine or friction stir welding equipment, which simplifies the equipment requirements and facilitates the installation of other parts. During use, the substrate surface is first stirred and rubbed by the stirring head against the substrate, generating frictional heat to preheat the substrate to the softening temperature of the powder material and substrate material, ensuring good metallurgical bonding between the substrate and the deposited material and the quality of the additive manufacturing area. Subsequently, powder raw materials are manually added in the direction of the stirring head's advance. Compared with existing related technologies, this optimizes the powder adding method, eliminating the need to stop the machine to replenish powder or rod material, thus improving deposition efficiency. The frictional heat and shear plastic deformation generated by the stirring head against the substrate and powder raw materials soften the material, which is then deposited on the substrate to obtain a deposition layer with refined grains. Simultaneously, multi-layer deposition can be performed layer by layer to obtain the desired additive manufacturing component. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an inclined stirring friction powder deposition additive manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the shape of the stirring head involved in the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the shape of the support platform involved in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 The milling machine used in this invention

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Stirring head; 2. Support platform; 3. Milling machine platform; 11. Side tilt of the stirring head; 12. Groove on the side of the stirring head; 13. Overall tilt of the stirring head; 21. Opening on the side of the support platform for fixing the substrate; 22. Tilt of the support platform; 23. Opening on the support platform for fixing to the milling machine or welding equipment platform. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides an inclined friction stir powder deposition additive manufacturing apparatus, comprising a substrate fixed to a support platform by bolts, a support platform fixed to a milling machine platform by bolts, and an inclined stirring head, an inclined friction surface of the stirring head, a groove on the friction surface of the stirring head, and an inclined support platform surface, all mounted on a milling machine robot arm by a fixture.

[0022] In practice, the support platform is fixed to the milling machine platform with bolts. The angle of the milling machine robot arm is adjusted, and the milling machine platform is moved so that the inclined stirring head is at a suitable angle and distance from the substrate on the support platform. The power is turned on, the stirring head control knob is turned, and the milling machine platform is started to stir and rub the substrate back and forth in the horizontal direction to increase the flatness and roughness of the deposition surface. When the temperature reaches above 170°C, powder is pre-spread on the inclined surface. The distance between the stirring head and the substrate is adjusted, and the stirring head control knob is turned again to manually add powder on the inclined surface along the direction of the stirring head. Then, multi-layer deposition and multi-pass deposition are performed in sequence. It should be noted that the deposition direction of adjacent deposition layers is opposite to ensure good metallurgical bonding at the interface.

[0023] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tilted friction stir powder deposition additive manufacturing apparatus and process characterized by Inclination device and deposition process; The inclination device includes a stirring head side vertical groove arrangement, an inclination of the stirring head as a whole, an inclination of the stirring head side for the deposition part, and an inclination of the support table.

2. According to claim 1, the stirring head side groove arrangement is eight slotted for the deposition part.

3. According to claim 1, the inclined friction powder deposition additive manufacturing device mainly includes an inclination of the stirring head as a whole, an inclination of the stirring head bottom for the deposition part, and an inclination of the support table, wherein the inclination of the stirring head as a whole is provided by the mechanical arm of the milling machine, and the stirring head is installed in the taper hole of the main shaft of the drilling and milling machine.

4. According to claim 2, the inclination of the stirring head bottom for the deposition part is that the part of the stirring head side for the deposition is inclined at a certain angle from the stirring head bottom upwards, with the maximum not exceeding 5 degrees and the highest not exceeding 15 mm.

5. According to claim 2, the inclination of the support plate is that the support plate is arranged at a certain angle, with the maximum not exceeding 45 degrees, and the inclined surface is provided with four screw holes for fixing the substrate, and the bottom is detachably connected to the pedestal through two holes.

6. According to claim 3, the material of the stirring head as a whole is q135 steel, and after heat treatment, the surface microhardness can reach 55-60 HV.

7. According to claim 6, the support plate is made of heat-insulating and pressure-resistant material.

Images