Laser processing system and method for cylindrical workpiece

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and particularly relates to a laser processing system and method for a cylindrical workpiece, the laser processing system comprises a control module, a workbench, a laser emission unit, a reflection block and a positioning mechanism which are fixedly mounted on the workbench, and a scanning galvanometer fixedly mounted above the reflection block; an inverted-cone-frustum-shaped inner hole is formed in the reflection block, and a reflection layer is arranged on the inner wall of the inner hole; the positioning mechanism is used for fixing the cylindrical workpiece, so that the cylindrical workpiece is coaxial with the inner hole; the laser emitting unit is used for emitting laser to the scanning galvanometer, and the laser is reflected by the scanning galvanometer and then is reflected to the peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece through the reflecting layer; the laser emitting unit can adjust the focal length of emitted laser; the control module is used for controlling the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer, starting and stopping of the laser emitting unit and the focal length of emitted laser according to input laser drop point path information of any elevation on the peripheral face of the cylindrical workpiece and pre-stored laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane of the elevation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser processing technology, and specifically relates to a laser processing system and method for cylindrical workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] Laser processing technology utilizes the interaction between laser beams and matter to perform cutting, welding, surface treatment, drilling, and micromachining on materials (including metals and non-metals). As an advanced manufacturing technology, laser processing has been widely applied in important sectors of the national economy such as automobiles, electronics, electrical appliances, aerospace, metallurgy, and machinery manufacturing, playing an increasingly important role in improving product quality, labor productivity, automation, pollution reduction, and reducing material consumption.

[0003] Existing laser processing systems for cylindrical workpieces typically involve fixing the workpiece to a rotating fixture and using the fixture to drive the workpiece to rotate around its central axis to coordinate with the laser emitted by the laser processing equipment. However, this method of using a rotating fixture and laser processing equipment together limits the continuity and accuracy of the laser's path on the workpiece's outer surface. This is due to factors such as the coordination accuracy between the rotating fixture's rotation and the laser processing equipment's scanning actions (including laser source start / stop, laser scanning angle adjustment, and laser focal length adjustment), the axial installation accuracy of the workpiece on the rotating fixture, and the axial positioning accuracy of the rotating fixture when driving the workpiece to rotate. As a result, existing laser processing systems for cylindrical workpieces often suffer from technical problems such as complex control, high equipment costs, and difficulty in guaranteeing laser processing accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a laser processing system and method for cylindrical workpieces, which solves the technical problems of existing laser processing systems for cylindrical workpieces, such as complex control, high equipment cost, and difficulty in ensuring laser processing accuracy.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a laser processing system for cylindrical workpieces, including a control module, a worktable, a laser emitting unit, a reflector block and a positioning mechanism fixedly installed on the worktable, and a scanning galvanometer fixedly installed above the reflector block; The reflective block has a through-hole that extends vertically. The through-hole is shaped like an inverted frustum, and a reflective layer is provided on the inner wall of the through-hole. The positioning mechanism is disposed in the inner hole and is used to fix the cylindrical workpiece so that the cylindrical workpiece is coaxial with the inner hole. The laser emitting unit is used to emit laser light into the scanning galvanometer. The laser light is reflected by the scanning galvanometer and then reflected by the reflective layer onto the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece that has been positioned. The laser emitting unit can adjust the focal length of the emitted laser light. The control module pre-stores laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane at each elevation. The laser control information includes a first mapping relationship between the coordinates of the landing point of the laser reflected by the reflective layer on the corresponding elevation plane and the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer; and a second mapping relationship between the landing point coordinates and the target value of the laser focal length. The control module is used to control the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer, the start and stop of the laser emitting unit, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit based on the laser landing point path information at any elevation on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece and the pre-stored laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane at that elevation.

[0006] By setting the reflector block and the scanning galvanometer, the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit can be reflected by the scanning galvanometer and then by the reflective layer onto the outer circumferential surface of the positioned cylindrical workpiece. Then, the control module obtains the deflection angle-time information of the scanning galvanometer, the start / stop-time information of the laser emitting unit, and the focal length-time information corresponding to the horizontal plane at any elevation on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece, based on the input laser path information at any elevation and the pre-stored laser control information corresponding to that elevation. This allows the control unit to control the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer, the start / stop of the laser emitting unit, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit, respectively, based on the obtained deflection angle-time information, start / stop-time information, and focal length-time information corresponding to that elevation. This enables the laser emitting unit to achieve the desired effect when using the laser on the cylindrical workpiece provided by this invention. The processing system can precisely control the laser path reflected to the cylindrical workpiece at any elevation on its outer circumference based on the laser path information at any elevation. This is achieved by controlling the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer, the start / stop of the laser emitting unit, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit. The system no longer relies on the coordination between the rotation of the rotating fixture and the scanning action of the laser processing equipment. Instead, it can complete laser processing of various elevations on the outer circumference of the cylindrical workpiece simply by adjusting the scanning action of the laser processing equipment (including the laser emitting unit and the scanning galvanometer) (including adjusting the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer, the start / stop of the laser emitting unit, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit). Compared to existing laser processing systems for cylindrical workpieces, this system offers advantages such as simpler control, lower equipment cost, and higher laser processing accuracy.

[0007] Both the first mapping relationship and the second mapping relationship can be established by calibration testing using a calibration board. Since the method of calibrating the target landing point coordinates and target focal length of the scanning laser using a calibration board is a conventional technique in this field, it will not be described in detail here.

[0008] The acquisition of the laser landing point path information is a conventional technology in this field and can be obtained using the marking path generation software of the existing laser marking machine. By importing the drawings of the elevations to be processed on the outer circumference of the cylindrical workpiece into the software, the laser landing point path information of any elevation on the outer circumference of the cylindrical workpiece (that is, the horizontal plane of any elevation on the cylindrical workpiece) can be generated.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning mechanism is a pneumatic chuck, which is used to clamp and fix the bottom end of the cylindrical workpiece so that the cylindrical workpiece is coaxial with the inner hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the laser emitting unit includes a laser and a focusing module arranged sequentially along a first horizontal direction; The laser is used to generate laser light. The laser light is emitted from the laser along the first horizontal direction, passes through the focusing module, and is incident on the scanning galvanometer. The focusing module is used to focus the incident laser light and also to adjust the focal length of the laser light emitted through it.

[0011] Furthermore, the focusing module includes a beam expander assembly and a focusing lens arranged sequentially along the first horizontal direction; The beam expander assembly is disposed on the side close to the laser, and the focusing lens is disposed on the side close to the scanning galvanometer; the beam expander assembly can adjust its beam expansion magnification.

[0012] By having the control module control the beam expander assembly to adjust its beam expansion ratio, the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit can be adjusted.

[0013] Furthermore, the beam expander assembly includes a fixedly mounted linear motion component, and a plano-concave lens and a convex lens arranged sequentially along the first horizontal direction. The plano-concave lens is disposed on the side closer to the laser, and the convex lens is disposed on the side closer to the focusing lens; the plano-concave lens is mounted on the linear motion component; The linear motion component is used to drive the plano-concave lens to slide back and forth linearly along the first horizontal direction.

[0014] The linear motion component drives the plano-concave lens to slide back and forth linearly along the first horizontal direction to adjust the distance between the convex lens and the plano-concave lens in the first horizontal direction. This allows the control module to adjust the beam expansion ratio of the beam expander assembly by controlling the linear motion mechanism, thereby adjusting the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit.

[0015] Based on the laser processing system for cylindrical workpieces provided by the present invention, the present invention also provides a laser processing method for cylindrical workpieces; The laser processing method includes: fixing a cylindrical workpiece on a positioning mechanism so that the cylindrical workpiece is coaxial with the inner hole of the reflector block; The laser path information of each elevation on the outer circumference of the cylindrical workpiece is input into the control module; The control module controls the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer, the start and stop of the laser emitting unit, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit, based on the input laser landing path information for each elevation and the pre-stored laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane at each elevation, so as to complete the laser processing of each elevation on the outer circumference of the cylindrical workpiece.

[0016] Furthermore, the method for completing laser processing at various elevations of the cylindrical workpiece includes: The control module obtains the deflection angle-time information of the scanning galvanometer, the start / stop-time information of the laser emitting unit, and the focal length-time information corresponding to each elevation based on the laser landing path information of each elevation and the pre-stored laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane of each elevation. The control module controls the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer, the start / stop of the laser emitting unit, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit according to the deflection angle-time information, start / stop-time information, and focal length-time information corresponding to any elevation, so as to complete the laser processing on the outer circumference surface of the cylindrical workpiece at that elevation.

[0017] Furthermore, methods for obtaining deflection angle-time information and start / stop-time information corresponding to any elevation include: The control module obtains the deflection angle-time information and start / stop-time information corresponding to the elevation based on the laser landing path information of the input elevation and the first mapping relationship between the landing coordinates of the laser reflected by the reflective layer of the reflective block on the corresponding elevation plane and the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer in the pre-stored laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane of the elevation.

[0018] Furthermore, methods for obtaining focal length-time information corresponding to any elevation include: The control module obtains the focal length-time information corresponding to the elevation based on the laser landing path information of the input elevation and the second mapping relationship between the landing coordinates of the laser reflected by the reflective layer of the reflective block on the corresponding elevation plane and the laser focal length target value in the pre-stored laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane of the elevation.

[0019] Furthermore, the control module pre-stores a third mapping relationship between the focal length value of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit and the distance between the plano-concave lens and the convex lens of the beam expander assembly of the focusing module of the laser emitting unit in the first horizontal direction. The method by which the control module controls the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit based on the focal length-time information corresponding to any obtained elevation includes: The control module obtains the distance-time information of the plano-concave lens and the convex lens in the first horizontal direction based on the focal length-time information corresponding to the obtained elevation and the pre-stored third mapping relationship. The control module controls the linear motion component of the beam expander assembly to drive the plano-concave lens to move along the first horizontal direction based on the obtained distance-time information, so as to control the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the laser processing system for the cylindrical workpiece in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the worktable, reflector block, and positioning mechanism in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the laser emitting unit in Example 1; Among them, 1—worktable, 2—laser emitting unit, 3—reflector block, 4—positioning mechanism, 5—scanning galvanometer, 6—cylindrical workpiece; 2.1—Laser, 2.2—Linear motion component, 2.3—Planar-concave lens, 2.4—Convex lens, 2.5—Focusing lens; 3.1 — Reflective layer. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Example 1: like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment 1 provides a laser processing system for cylindrical workpieces, including a control module, a worktable 1, a laser emitting unit 2, a reflector block 3 and a positioning mechanism 4 fixedly installed on the worktable 1, and a scanning galvanometer 5 fixedly installed above the reflector block 3. The reflective block 3 has a through-hole that runs vertically through the hole. The hole is shaped like an inverted frustum cone, and a reflective layer 3.1 is provided on the inner wall of the hole. The positioning mechanism 4 is set inside the inner hole. The positioning mechanism 4 is used to fix the cylindrical workpiece 6 so that the cylindrical workpiece 6 is coaxial with the inner hole. Laser emitting unit 2 is used to emit laser light into scanning galvanometer 5. The laser light is reflected by scanning galvanometer 5 and then reflected by reflective layer 3.1 onto the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece 6 that has been positioned (the laser light path is as follows). Figure 1 (As shown by the dashed arrow in the image); Laser emitting unit 2 can adjust the focal length of the emitted laser. The control module pre-stores laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane at each elevation. The laser control information includes the first mapping relationship between the landing point coordinates of the laser reflected by the reflective layer 3.1 on the corresponding elevation plane and the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer 5; and the second mapping relationship between the landing point coordinates and the target value of the laser focal length. The control module is used to control the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer 5, the start and stop of the laser emitting unit 2, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2, based on the laser landing path information at any elevation on the outer periphery of the cylindrical workpiece 6 and the pre-stored laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane at that elevation.

[0024] By setting up a reflector block 3 and a scanning galvanometer 5, the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2 can be reflected by the scanning galvanometer 5 and then by the reflective layer 3.1 onto the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece 6 that has been positioned. Then, the control module obtains the deflection angle-time information of the scanning galvanometer 5, the start / stop-time information of the laser emitting unit 2, and the focal length-time information of the corresponding horizontal plane based on the input laser landing path information at any elevation on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece 6 and the pre-stored laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane at that elevation. This allows the control unit to control the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer 5, the start / stop of the laser emitting unit 2, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2 based on the obtained deflection angle-time information, start / stop-time information, and focal length-time information corresponding to the elevation, thereby enabling the laser processing of the cylindrical workpiece provided by this invention. The system can precisely control the laser path reflected to the cylindrical workpiece 6 at any elevation on its outer circumference based on the laser path information at any elevation. This is achieved by controlling the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer 5, the start / stop of the laser emitting unit 2, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2. The system no longer relies on the coordination between the rotation of the rotating fixture and the scanning action of the laser processing equipment. It can complete laser processing of the cylindrical workpiece 6 at various elevations on its outer circumference simply by adjusting the scanning action of the laser processing equipment (including the laser emitting unit 2 and the scanning galvanometer 5) (including adjusting the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer 5, the start / stop of the laser emitting unit 2, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2). Compared to existing laser processing systems for cylindrical workpieces, this system offers advantages such as simpler control, lower equipment cost, and higher laser processing accuracy.

[0025] The first and second mapping relationships can both be established by calibration testing using a calibration board. Since the method of using a calibration board to calibrate the target landing point coordinates and target focal length of the scanning laser is a conventional technique in this field, it will not be described in detail here.

[0026] Among them, the acquisition of laser landing point path information is a conventional technology in this field, which can be obtained by using the marking path generation software of the existing laser marking machine. By importing the drawings of each elevation on the outer circumference of the cylindrical workpiece 6 into the software, the laser landing point path information of any elevation on the outer circumference of the cylindrical workpiece 6 (that is, the horizontal plane of any elevation on the cylindrical workpiece 6) can be generated.

[0027] The control of the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer 5 includes controlling the first deflection angle value of the X-axis galvanometer 5 using the X-axis galvanometer motor of the scanning galvanometer 5, and controlling the second deflection angle value of the Y-axis galvanometer 5 using the Y-axis galvanometer motor of the scanning galvanometer 5.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment 1, as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the reflector block 3 is shaped like a frustum and is made of quartz glass. The inner wall of the inner hole of the reflector block 3 is coated to form a reflective layer 3.1, so that the reflective layer 3.1 can reflect laser light.

[0029] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the positioning mechanism 4 is a pneumatic chuck, which is used to clamp and fix the bottom end of the cylindrical workpiece 6, so that the cylindrical workpiece 6 is coaxial with the inner hole.

[0030] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the laser emitting unit 2 includes a laser 2.1 and a focusing module arranged sequentially along the first horizontal direction; Laser 2.1 is used to generate laser light. The laser light is emitted from laser 2.1 along the first horizontal direction, passes through the focusing module, and is incident on the scanning galvanometer 5. The focusing module is used to focus the incident laser light and also to adjust the focal length of the laser light emitted through it.

[0031] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the focusing module includes a beam expander assembly and a focusing lens 2.5 arranged sequentially along the first horizontal direction; The beam expander assembly is located on the side closer to the laser 2.1, and the focusing lens 2.5 is located on the side closer to the scanning galvanometer 5; the beam expander assembly can adjust its beam magnification.

[0032] By controlling the beam expander assembly to adjust its beam magnification using the control module, the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2 can be adjusted.

[0033] Specifically, in this embodiment 1, as follows Figure 3 As shown, the beam expander assembly includes a fixedly mounted linear motion component 2.2, and a plano-concave lens 2.3 and a convex lens 2.4 arranged sequentially along the first horizontal direction; The plano-concave lens 2.3 is positioned on the side closer to the laser 2.1, and the convex lens 2.4 is positioned on the side closer to the focusing lens 2.5; the plano-concave lens 2.3 is mounted on the linear motion component 2.2; The linear motion component 2.2 is used to drive the plano-concave lens 2.3 to slide linearly back and forth along the first horizontal direction.

[0034] The linear motion component 2.2 drives the plano-concave lens 2.3 to slide back and forth linearly along the first horizontal direction, thereby adjusting the distance between the convex lens 2.4 and the plano-concave lens 2.3 in the first horizontal direction. This allows the control module to adjust the beam expansion ratio of the beam expander assembly by controlling the linear motion mechanism, and thus adjust the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2.

[0035] Example 2: Based on the laser processing system for cylindrical workpieces provided in Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 provides a laser processing method for cylindrical workpieces; The laser processing method includes: fixing the cylindrical workpiece 6 on the positioning mechanism 4, so that the cylindrical workpiece 6 is coaxial with the inner hole of the reflector block 3; The laser path information of each elevation on the outer circumference of the cylindrical workpiece 6 is input into the control module; The control module controls the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer 5, the start and stop of the laser emitting unit 2, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2, based on the laser landing path information of each elevation input and the laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane of each elevation, so as to complete the laser processing of each elevation on the outer circumference of the cylindrical workpiece 6.

[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment 2, the method for completing laser processing of the cylindrical workpiece 6 at various elevations includes: The control module obtains the deflection angle-time information of the scanning galvanometer 5, the start / stop-time information of the laser emitting unit 2, and the focal length-time information of each elevation based on the laser landing path information of each elevation and the pre-stored laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane of each elevation. The control module controls the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer 5, the start / stop of the laser emitting unit 2, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2, respectively, based on the deflection angle-time information, start / stop-time information, and focal length-time information corresponding to any elevation, so as to complete the laser processing of the cylindrical workpiece 6 at that elevation on its outer circumference.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment 2, the method for obtaining the deflection angle-time information and start / stop-time information corresponding to any elevation includes: The control module obtains the deflection angle-time information and start / stop-time information corresponding to the elevation based on the laser landing path information of the input elevation and the first mapping relationship between the landing coordinates of the laser reflected by the reflective layer 3.1 of the reflective block 3 on the corresponding elevation plane and the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer 5 in the pre-stored laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane of the elevation.

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment 2, the method for obtaining focal length-time information corresponding to any elevation includes: The control module obtains the focal length-time information corresponding to the elevation based on the laser landing point path information of the input elevation and the second mapping relationship between the landing point coordinates of the laser reflected by the reflective layer 3.1 of the reflective block 3 on the corresponding elevation plane and the laser focal length target value in the pre-stored laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane of the elevation.

[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment 2, a third mapping relationship is pre-stored in the control module between the focal length value of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2 and the distance values ​​of the plano-concave lens 2.3 and convex lens 2.4 of the beam expander assembly of the focusing module of the laser emitting unit 2 in the first horizontal direction; The method by which the control module controls the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2 based on the focal length-time information corresponding to any obtained elevation includes: Based on the obtained focal length-time information corresponding to the elevation and the pre-stored third mapping relationship, the control module obtains the distance-time information of the plano-concave lens 2.3 and the convex lens 2.4 in the first horizontal direction; Based on the obtained distance-time information, the control module controls the linear motion component 2.2 of the beam expander assembly to drive the plano-concave lens 2.3 to move along the first horizontal direction, so as to control the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2.

[0040] The laser processing system and method for cylindrical workpieces provided by this invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. By setting up a reflector block 3 and a scanning galvanometer 5, the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2 can be reflected by the scanning galvanometer 5 and then by the reflective layer 3.1 onto the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece 6 that has been positioned. Then, the control module obtains the deflection angle-time information of the scanning galvanometer 5, the start / stop-time information of the laser emitting unit 2, and the focal length-time information of the corresponding horizontal plane based on the input laser landing path information at any elevation on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece 6 and the pre-stored laser control information of the horizontal plane corresponding to the elevation. This allows the control unit to control the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer 5, the start / stop of the laser emitting unit 2, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2 based on the obtained deflection angle-time information, start / stop-time information, and focal length-time information corresponding to the elevation, thereby enabling the laser processing of the cylindrical workpiece provided by this invention to achieve the desired effect. The laser processing system can precisely control the path of the laser reflected onto the outer circumference of the cylindrical workpiece 6 at any elevation based on the laser path information at any elevation on the outer circumference surface of the cylindrical workpiece 6. This is achieved by controlling the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer 5, the start / stop of the laser emitting unit 2, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2. It no longer relies on the coordination between the rotation of the rotating fixture and the scanning action of the laser processing equipment. Laser processing of various elevations on the outer circumference surface of the cylindrical workpiece 6 can be completed simply by adjusting the scanning action of the laser processing equipment (including the laser emitting unit 2 and the scanning galvanometer 5) (including adjusting the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer 5, the start / stop of the laser emitting unit 2, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2). Compared to existing laser processing systems for cylindrical workpieces, this system offers advantages such as simpler control, lower equipment cost, and higher laser processing precision.

[0041] 2. By controlling the beam expander assembly to adjust its beam expansion magnification, the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2 can be adjusted.

[0042] 3. The plano-concave lens 2.3 is driven to slide back and forth linearly along the first horizontal direction by the linear motion component 2.2 to adjust the distance between the convex lens 2.4 and the plano-concave lens 2.3 in the first horizontal direction. This allows the control module to adjust the beam expansion ratio of the beam expander assembly by controlling the linear motion mechanism, thereby adjusting the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit 2.

[0043] The above are merely specific application examples of the present invention and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. All technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser processing system of a cylindrical workpiece, characterized by: The laser processing system comprises a control module, a workbench, a laser emitting unit, a reflecting block fixedly installed on the workbench, a positioning mechanism, and a scanning galvanometer fixedly installed above the reflecting block. The reflecting block is provided with an inner hole penetrating through the reflecting block in the up-down direction, and the inner hole is in the shape of an inverted circular truncated cone. The positioning mechanism is arranged in the inner hole and is used for fixing a cylindrical workpiece so that the cylindrical workpiece is coaxial with the inner hole. The laser emitting unit is used for emitting laser to the scanning galvanometer, and the laser is reflected by the scanning galvanometer and then reflected by the reflecting layer to the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece after positioning. The control module pre-stores laser control information corresponding to each elevation horizontal plane, and the laser control information comprises a first mapping relationship between the landing point coordinates of the laser reflected by the reflecting layer on the corresponding elevation horizontal plane and the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer, and a second mapping relationship between the landing point coordinates and the target value of the focal length of the laser. The control module is used for controlling the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer, the start-stop of the laser emitting unit, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit according to the input laser landing point path information of any elevation on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece and the pre-stored laser control information corresponding to the elevation horizontal plane.

2. The laser processing system of a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 1, characterized by: The positioning mechanism is a pneumatic chuck, which is used for clamping and fixing the bottom end of the cylindrical workpiece so that the cylindrical workpiece is coaxial with the inner hole.

3. The laser processing system of a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 1, characterized by: The laser emitting unit comprises a laser and a focusing module arranged in sequence along a first horizontal direction. The laser is used for generating laser, and the laser is emitted from the laser along the first horizontal direction, passes through the focusing module, and is incident on the scanning galvanometer.

4. The laser processing system of a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 3, characterized by: The focusing module comprises a beam expander assembly and a focusing mirror arranged in sequence along the first horizontal direction. The beam expander assembly is arranged on the side close to the laser, and the focusing mirror is arranged on the side close to the scanning galvanometer.

5. The laser processing system of a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 4, characterized by: The beam expander assembly comprises a fixed linear motion member, a plano-concave lens, and a convex lens arranged in sequence along the first horizontal direction. The plano-concave lens is arranged on the side close to the laser, and the convex lens is arranged on the side close to the focusing mirror. The linear motion member is used for driving the plano-concave lens to slide linearly and reciprocally along the first horizontal direction.

6. A method of laser processing a cylindrical workpiece, characterized by: The laser processing method is based on the laser processing system of any one of claims 1-5. The laser processing method comprises fixing the cylindrical workpiece on the positioning mechanism so that the cylindrical workpiece is coaxial with the inner hole of the reflecting block. The laser landing point path information of each elevation on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece is input to the control module. The control module controls the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer, the start-stop of the laser emission unit, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emission unit according to the input laser landing point path information of each elevation and the pre-stored laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane of each elevation, so as to complete the laser processing on each elevation of the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece.

7. The laser processing method of a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 6, characterized by: The method for completing the laser processing on each elevation of the cylindrical workpiece comprises: The control module obtains the deflection angle-time information of the scanning galvanometer, the start-stop-time information of the laser emission unit, and the focal length-time information of the laser emitted by the laser emission unit corresponding to each elevation according to the input laser landing point path information of each elevation and the pre-stored laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane of each elevation; The control module controls the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer, the start-stop of the laser emission unit, and the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emission unit according to the deflection angle-time information, the start-stop-time information, and the focal length-time information corresponding to any elevation, so as to complete the laser processing on the elevation of the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece.

8. The laser processing method of a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 7, wherein, The method for obtaining the deflection angle-time information and the start-stop-time information corresponding to any elevation comprises: The control module obtains the deflection angle-time information and the start-stop-time information corresponding to the elevation according to the first mapping relationship between the landing point coordinates of the laser reflected by the reflection layer of the reflection block on the corresponding elevation plane and the deflection angle of the scanning galvanometer in the laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane of the elevation pre-stored in the laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane of the elevation pre-stored in the laser control information corresponding to the elevation input.

9. The laser processing method of a cylindrical workpiece according to Claim 7, wherein, The method for obtaining the focal length-time information corresponding to any elevation comprises: The control module obtains the focal length-time information corresponding to the elevation according to the second mapping relationship between the landing point coordinates of the laser reflected by the reflection layer of the reflection block on the corresponding elevation plane and the laser focal length target value in the laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane of the elevation pre-stored in the laser control information corresponding to the horizontal plane of the elevation pre-stored in the laser control information corresponding to the elevation input.

10. The laser processing method of a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 7, characterized by: The control module pre-stores the third mapping relationship between the focal length value of the laser emitted by the laser emission unit and the distance value of the flat-concave lens and the convex lens of the beam expander lens assembly of the focusing module of the laser emission unit in the control module; The method for controlling the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emission unit by the control module according to the obtained focal length-time information corresponding to any elevation comprises: The control module obtains the distance-time information of the flat-concave lens and the convex lens in the first horizontal direction according to the obtained focal length-time information corresponding to the elevation and the pre-stored third mapping relationship; The control module controls the linear motion member of the beam expander lens assembly to drive the flat-concave lens to move along the first horizontal direction according to the obtained distance-time information, so as to control the focal length of the laser emitted by the laser emission unit.

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