A water-driven generator based on oxide / carbon material composite power generation material and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a water-vapor generator based on oxide / carbon material composite power generation material and a preparation method and application thereof, relates to the technical field of sustainable clean energy power generation, and comprises oxide / carbon material composite power generation material and two electrode pieces, the two ends of the oxide / carbon material composite power generation material are in contact with the electrode pieces respectively, one end of the oxide / carbon material composite power generation material is attached with a water collecting device, and the water collecting device is used for collecting water in air to the oxide / carbon material composite power generation material. The power density of the water-vapor generator reaches 31.85 W / m 2 , and the problems of integration, water source and low power of the current water-vapor power generation device are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a hydroelectric generator based on oxide / carbon composite power generation material, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of sustainable clean energy power generation technology. Background Technology

[0002] Among the many technologies, the emergence of water photovoltaic technology has attracted considerable attention because it can generate electricity directly from the interaction between materials and various forms of water (including moisture, raindrops, waves, and water evaporation). Water resources cover 71% of the Earth's surface and contain enormous energy in the field of clean energy.

[0003] However, water-powered photovoltaic generators driven by moisture, raindrops, and waves still have some drawbacks. For example, these power generation methods produce intermittent, pulsed electrical signals and have high environmental requirements, which seriously affect their practical applications.

[0004] Water evaporation-driven power generation offers an efficient strategy for harvesting energy from the surrounding environment due to its advantages of independent operation in various environments and continuous DC output. Since Guo Wanlin's team first demonstrated that evaporation-driven water molecule flow can generate continuous voltage and current under environmental conditions through functionalized porous carbon black membranes, a series of materials for directly harvesting electricity from water evaporation have been developed.

[0005] Compared to other clean energy sources, hydroelectric power generation utilizes the evaporation of ambient water or moisture to generate electricity, offering the advantage of a wide range of applications. In an evaporation-induced generator (EPG), an electrical double layer (EDL) is created on the channel walls when the solution and materials come into contact. Ions selectively pass through micro / nano channels driven by water evaporation. The directional separation of anions and cations generates a flow current (Istr) and a flow potential. According to electrokinetic theory, the high ion mobility within the channel leads to a high flow current.

[0006] Recently, some reports have described the development of high-output-voltage water evaporation-driven generators using metal oxides as materials for water evaporation power generation. Compared to other materials, the voltage output has been improved by nearly an order of magnitude. However, due to the poor conductivity of metal oxides, the output current of water evaporation-driven generators based on metal oxides is extremely low, resulting in an overall output power that is far lower than that of traditional carbon materials and other materials. Traditional carbon materials, on the other hand, have stable physicochemical properties and a significant advantage in current output. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a hydroelectric generator based on oxide / carbon composite power generation materials, its preparation method, and its application, with a power density reaching 31.85 W / m³. 2This solves the current problems of integration, water source, and low power in hydroelectric power generation devices.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hydroelectric generator based on an oxide / carbon composite power generation material, comprising an oxide / carbon composite power generation material and two electrode components, wherein both ends of the oxide / carbon composite power generation material are in contact with the electrode components respectively, and a water collection device is attached to one end of the oxide / carbon composite power generation material, the water collection device being used to collect moisture from the air onto the oxide / carbon composite power generation material.

[0010] Furthermore, in the oxide / carbon composite power generation material, the oxide includes one or more of metal oxides and non-metal oxides; the carbon material includes one or more of zero-dimensional carbon materials, one-dimensional carbon materials, and two-dimensional carbon materials.

[0011] Furthermore, the electrode is made of one or more of carbon, silver, gold, copper, zinc, and tin.

[0012] Furthermore, the water collection device uses a moisture-absorbing material, which is one or more of hygroscopic inorganic salts and hygroscopic organic polymers.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a hydroelectric generator based on oxide / carbon composite power generation material as described in any one of the above claims, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Preparation of oxide / carbon composite power generation materials;

[0015] By contacting both ends of the oxide / carbon composite power generation material with the electrode components and attaching a water collection device to one end of the oxide / carbon composite power generation material, a hydrovolt generator based on the oxide / carbon composite power generation material is obtained.

[0016] Furthermore, the preparation method of the oxide / carbon composite power generation material includes:

[0017] An oxide / carbon material dispersion was obtained by uniformly dispersing the oxide and carbon materials in water.

[0018] A thickener is added to an oxide / carbon material dispersion to obtain a substrate slurry;

[0019] The substrate slurry is formed into a porous one-dimensional structure through additive and subtractive material technology, and then oxide / carbon composite power generation material is obtained through solvent shrinkage and annealing treatment.

[0020] Furthermore, the thickener is one or more of carbomer, cellulose, and F127;

[0021] And / or, the reagent used for solvent shrinkage is one or more of deionized water, ethanol, and acetone.

[0022] Furthermore, the mass ratio of oxide to carbon material in the substrate slurry is 0.1~10:1, and the mass ratio of oxide / carbon material dispersion to thickener is 0.1~10:1.

[0023] Furthermore, the additive and subtractive manufacturing technology is one of 3D printing technology, casting technology, or cryogenic casting technology;

[0024] And / or, the freeze-drying time of the additive / subtractive material technology is 12~24h;

[0025] And / or, the annealing parameters include annealing at a heating rate of 1 to 10 °C for 0.5 to 10 h within the range of 200 to 500 °C.

[0026] Thirdly, the present invention also provides an application of a hydrovoltaic generator based on oxide / carbon composite power generation material, including its use for power generation;

[0027] During the power generation process, moisture in the air is collected by a water collection device and transferred to the oxide / carbon composite power generation material.

[0028] Moisture evaporates naturally on the surface of the oxide / carbon composite power generation material, generating current and voltage, and transmitting the current and voltage to the electrode components;

[0029] Current and voltage are transmitted to the outside through electrodes.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0031] The hydroelectric generator based on the oxide / carbon composite material provided in this invention achieves a semi-hydrophilic state on the material surface through solvent shrinkage. This design significantly reduces ineffective evaporation caused by moisture accumulation in the capillary transport region, making the entire device structure a precursor region, allowing all moisture to participate in effective evaporation for power generation. Ultimately, the charge transfer per unit volume of the material is significantly improved. Furthermore, the effective composite of oxide and carbon materials using additive and subtractive manufacturing techniques combines the advantages of high charge transfer of oxides and high charge transport efficiency of carbon materials, enabling the device to achieve a power density of 31.85 W / m³. 2 Compared to traditional water evaporation-driven generators, this technology improves upon traditional methods by more than two orders of magnitude, and to some extent solves the problems of integration, water source, and low power in current water-based photovoltaic power generation devices. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for preparing a hydrovolt generator based on an oxide / carbon composite power generation material in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a water evaporation-driven generator based on an oxide / carbon composite power generation material, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and should be understood to include values ​​close to those ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0036] For the purposes of this specification and the appended claims, unless otherwise stated, all expressions, percentages, or proportions, and other numerical values ​​used in this specification and the appended claims, are to be understood to be modified by the term "about" in all cases. Furthermore, all scopes disclosed herein include their endpoints and can be combined independently.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This embodiment provides a hydro-voltaic generator based on alumina / carbon nanotube composite power generation material, and its preparation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0039] A1. Preparation of substrate slurry

[0040] 200 nm alpha alumina particles were dispersed in deionized water to prepare a 1 mol / L dispersion, and hydrophilic multi-walled carbon nanotubes were dispersed in deionized water to prepare a 1 mol / L dispersion.

[0041] Take 1 mL of alumina dispersion and 7.5 mL of hydrophilic multi-walled carbon nanotube dispersion and stir thoroughly for 30 min. While stirring, add 2.5 g of 2 wt% carbomer 940 gel to the mixed solution and add 2 wt% sodium hydroxide solution dropwise to adjust the viscosity of the slurry to prepare an alumina / carbon nanotube composite slurry. The mass ratio of alumina to carbon nanotubes in the alumina / carbon nanotube composite slurry is 1.1:1.

[0042] A2. Preparation of alumina / carbon nanotube composite power generation materials

[0043] Using a direct-write 3D printer, the alumina / carbon nanotube composite slurry prepared in step A1 was injected, and a 1-10 cm fine wire structure was prepared by printing with a 550 μm needle. The printing speed was 40 mm / s, and the extrusion pressure was 80 kPa, to obtain alumina / carbon nanotube composite fine wires.

[0044] The alumina / carbon nanotube composite wire was placed in liquid nitrogen for 10-30 minutes and then freeze-dried in a freeze dryer for 12 hours to obtain an alumina / carbon nanotube composite wire with a porous structure.

[0045] Shrinkage solvent (deionized water) was dropped onto the surface of alumina / carbon nanotube composite fine wire with a porous structure. After complete absorption, the wire was allowed to air dry naturally at room temperature before annealing. The annealing temperature was 250 ℃, the annealing heating rate was 1 ℃ / min, and the annealing time was 0.5 h, finally yielding alumina / carbon nanotube composite power generation material.

[0046] A3. Preparation of water collection device

[0047] At room temperature, mix 100 g of deionized water with 10 g of acrylamide (AM) monomer using a magnetic stirrer for 10 min until the monomer is completely dissolved.

[0048] While continuously stirring, 6 mg of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) was added as a crosslinking agent and 15 mg of ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator.

[0049] Finally, 15 µL of N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) was added as an accelerator and quickly poured into the template. The mixture was then cured at room temperature for 1 day to form a PAM hydrogel (a type of hygroscopic organic polymer).

[0050] The PAM hydrogel was dried in an oven at 60°C for 3 days and then swollen in a 0.4 g / mL LiCl solution at room temperature for one day to obtain a hygroscopic hydrogel.

[0051] A4. Preparation of hydro-voltaic generators based on alumina / carbon nanotube composite power generation materials

[0052] The alumina / carbon nanotube composite power generation material prepared in step A2 is assembled onto a silver electrode, with the silver electrode contacting both ends of the alumina / carbon nanotube composite power generation material. A water collection device prepared in step A3 is then attached to one end of the alumina / carbon nanotube composite power generation material, ultimately resulting in a hydroelectric generator based on the alumina / carbon nanotube composite power generation material. Figure 2 As shown.

[0053] Comparative Example 1:

[0054] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of alumina to carbon nanotubes in the alumina / carbon nanotube composite slurry is 0.1:1.

[0055] Comparative Example 2:

[0056] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of alumina to carbon nanotubes in the alumina / carbon nanotube composite slurry is 0.5:1.

[0057] Comparative Example 3:

[0058] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of alumina to carbon nanotubes in the alumina / carbon nanotube composite slurry is 5:1.

[0059] Comparative Example 4:

[0060] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the mass ratio of alumina to carbon nanotubes in the alumina / carbon nanotube composite slurry is 10:1.

[0061] The following tests were conducted on the hydro-voltaic power generation applications of the hydro-voltaic generators based on alumina / carbon nanotube composite materials prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4. The test steps are as follows:

[0062] The positive and negative electrodes (the negative electrode is the one connected to the end covered with the water collection device) of the hydro-volt generator based on alumina / carbon nanotube composite power generation material were connected to a current source meter. The electrical performance test results are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Table 1: Electrical performance test results of the hydroelectric generators in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-4

[0064]

[0065] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the voltage gradually increases with the increase of alumina content, the current density gradually increases with the increase of carbon nanotube content, and the power density first increases and then decreases with the mass ratio of the two. The power density reaches its maximum value when the mass ratio of alumina / carbon nanotube reaches 1.1.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] This embodiment provides a hydro-volt generator based on a silicon oxide / carbon black composite power generation material, the preparation method of which specifically includes the following steps:

[0068] B1. Preparation of substrate slurry

[0069] 80 nm silica particles were dispersed in deionized water to prepare a 1 mol / L dispersion, and hydrophilic carbon black was dispersed in deionized water to prepare a 1 mol / L dispersion.

[0070] Take 1 mL of silica dispersion and 7.5 mL of hydrophilic carbon black dispersion and stir thoroughly for 30 min. While stirring, add F127 thickener to the mixed solution to adjust the viscosity of the slurry and prepare a silica / carbon black composite slurry. The mass ratio of silica to carbon black in the silica / carbon black composite slurry is 0.7:1.

[0071] B2. Preparation of silicon dioxide / carbon black composite power generation materials

[0072] Using the mold casting method, the silica / carbon black composite slurry prepared in step B1 is injected to cast and prepare a one-dimensional fine wire structure with a length of 1~10cm. The structure is then placed in liquid nitrogen for freezing for 10~30min, transferred to a freeze dryer for freeze drying for 24h, and after molding, silica / carbon black composite fine wire with a one-dimensional porous structure is obtained.

[0073] Shrinkage solvent (ethanol) was dropped onto the surface of a porous silica / carbon black composite fine wire. After complete absorption, the wire was allowed to air dry at room temperature and then annealed. The annealing temperature was 300 °C, the heating rate was 3 °C / min, and the annealing time was 5 h, resulting in a silica / carbon black composite power generation material.

[0074] B3. Preparation of water collection device

[0075] Dissolve 10g of calcium chloride powder in 100mL of deionized water to prepare a calcium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.1g / mL. After evaporation and concentration, a high-concentration calcium chloride concentrate is prepared. The concentrate is then collected using a porous sponge to obtain a water collection device.

[0076] B4. Preparation of hydro-voltaic generators based on silicon dioxide / carbon black composite power generation materials

[0077] The silicon oxide / carbon black composite power generation material prepared in step B2 is assembled on a copper electrode, and the copper electrode is in contact with both ends of the silicon oxide / carbon black composite power generation material. The water collection device prepared in step B3 is then attached to one end of the silicon oxide / carbon black composite power generation material to finally obtain a hydrovolt generator based on the silicon oxide / carbon black composite power generation material.

[0078] Comparative Example 5:

[0079] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that the mass ratio of silicon oxide to carbon black in the silicon oxide / carbon black composite slurry is 0.1:1.

[0080] Comparative Example 6:

[0081] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that the mass ratio of silicon oxide to carbon black in the silicon oxide / carbon black composite slurry is 0.5:1.

[0082] Comparative Example 7:

[0083] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that the mass ratio of silicon oxide to carbon black in the silicon oxide / carbon black composite slurry is 5:1.

[0084] Comparative Example 8:

[0085] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that the mass ratio of silicon oxide to carbon black in the silicon oxide / carbon black composite slurry is 10:1.

[0086] The following tests were conducted on the hydrovoltaic power generation applications of the silicon oxide / carbon black composite power generation materials prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 5-8. The test steps are as follows:

[0087] The positive and negative electrodes (the negative electrode is the one connected to the end covered with the water collection device) of the hydrovolt generator based on silicon oxide / carbon black composite power generation material were connected to a current source meter. The electrical performance test results are shown in Table 2.

[0088] Table 2: Electrical performance test results of the hydroelectric generators in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 5-8

[0089]

[0090] As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the voltage gradually increases with the increase of silicon oxide content, the current density gradually increases with the increase of carbon black content, and the power density first increases and then decreases with the mass ratio of the two. The power density reaches its maximum value when the mass ratio of silicon oxide / carbon black reaches 0.7.

[0091] Example 3

[0092] This embodiment provides a hydroelectric generator based on titanium dioxide / graphene composite power generation material, and its preparation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0093] C1. Preparation of substrate slurry:

[0094] 100 nm titanium dioxide was dispersed in deionized water to prepare a 1 mol / L dispersion, and hydrophilic graphene was dispersed in deionized water to prepare a 1 mol / L dispersion.

[0095] Take 5 mL of titanium dioxide dispersion and 7.5 mL of hydrophilic graphene dispersion and stir thoroughly for 30 min. Add cellulose to the mixed solution to adjust the viscosity of the slurry and prepare a titanium dioxide / graphene composite slurry. The mass ratio of titanium dioxide to graphene in the titanium dioxide / graphene composite slurry is 4.5:1.

[0096] C2. Preparation of titanium dioxide / graphene composite power generation materials

[0097] Using the cryogenic casting method, the titanium oxide / graphene composite slurry prepared in step C1 is injected into a PET wire groove template to obtain titanium oxide / graphene composite fine wires.

[0098] Titanium oxide / graphene composite wires, together with a PET template, were placed in liquid nitrogen and frozen for 10-30 minutes. They were then transferred to a freeze dryer and freeze-dried for 24 hours. After removing the PET template, titanium oxide / graphene composite wires with a porous structure were obtained.

[0099] A shrinkage solvent (acetone) was dropped onto the surface of a porous titanium oxide / graphene composite filament. After complete absorption, the filament was allowed to air dry naturally at room temperature before annealing. The annealing temperature was 500 °C, the heating rate was 10 °C / min, and the annealing time was 10 h, resulting in a titanium oxide / graphene composite power generation material.

[0100] C3. Preparation of water collection device

[0101] At room temperature, mix 100 g of deionized water with 10 g of acrylamide (AM) monomer using a magnetic stirrer for 10 min until the monomer is completely dissolved.

[0102] While continuously stirring, 6 mg of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) was added as a crosslinking agent and 15 mg of ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator.

[0103] Finally, 15 µL of N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) was added as a promoter and quickly poured into the template, where it was cured at room temperature for 1 day to form a PAM hydrogel.

[0104] The PAM hydrogel was dried in an oven at 60°C for 3 days and then swollen in a 0.4 g / mL LiCl solution at room temperature for one day to obtain a hygroscopic hydrogel.

[0105] C4. Fabrication of hydroelectric generators based on titanium dioxide / graphene composite power generation materials

[0106] The titanium dioxide / graphene composite power generation material prepared in step C2 is assembled on a zinc electrode, with the zinc electrode in contact with both ends of the titanium dioxide / graphene composite power generation material. The water collection device prepared in step C3 is then attached to one end of the titanium dioxide / graphene composite power generation material to finally obtain a hydrovolt generator based on the titanium dioxide / graphene composite power generation material.

[0107] Comparative Example 9:

[0108] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the mass ratio of titanium oxide to graphene in the titanium oxide / graphene composite slurry is 0.1:1.

[0109] Comparative Example 10:

[0110] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the mass ratio of titanium oxide to graphene in the titanium oxide / graphene composite slurry is 0.5:1.

[0111] Comparative Example 11:

[0112] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the mass ratio of titanium oxide to graphene in the titanium oxide / graphene composite slurry is 1:1.

[0113] Comparative Example 12:

[0114] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the mass ratio of titanium oxide to graphene in the titanium oxide / graphene composite slurry is 10:1.

[0115] The following tests were conducted on the application of the titanium dioxide / graphene composite power generation materials prepared in Example 3 and Comparative Examples 9-12 in hydrovoltaic power generation. The test steps are as follows:

[0116] The positive and negative electrodes (the negative electrode is the one connected to the end covered with the water collection device) of the hydrovolt generator based on titanium dioxide / graphene composite power generation material were connected to a current source meter. The electrical performance test results are shown in Table 3.

[0117] Table 3: Electrical performance test results of the hydroelectric generators in Example 3 and Comparative Examples 9-12

[0118]

[0119] As can be seen from the data in Table 3, the voltage gradually increases with the increase of titanium oxide content, the current density gradually increases with the increase of graphene content, and the power density first increases and then decreases with the mass ratio of the two. The power density reaches its maximum value when the mass ratio of titanium oxide / graphene reaches 4.5.

[0120] The water-voltaic generator based on oxide / carbon composite power generation material prepared in this invention eliminates the functional partitioning of "water conveyance-power generation" in the traditional structure, making the entire device a leading region. This full-structure coverage characteristic minimizes water accumulation, making water utilization close to 100%, and significantly improving the amount of charge transfer per unit volume. It achieves high voltage, high current density, and high output power density, while also possessing high portability and excellent power generation performance, providing a key solution for the practical application of water evaporation power generation technology.

[0121] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a hydroelectric generator based on an oxide / carbon composite power generation material, characterized in that, The hydro-volt generator based on oxide / carbon composite power generation material includes oxide / carbon composite power generation material and two electrode components. The two ends of the oxide / carbon composite power generation material are in contact with the electrode components respectively, and a water collection device is attached to one end of the oxide / carbon composite power generation material. The water collection device is used to collect moisture in the air onto the oxide / carbon composite power generation material. The method for preparing the hydrovolt generator based on oxide / carbon composite power generation material includes the following steps: Preparation of oxide / carbon composite power generation materials, including: An oxide / carbon material dispersion was obtained by uniformly dispersing the oxide and carbon materials in water. A thickener is added to an oxide / carbon material dispersion to obtain a substrate slurry; The substrate slurry is formed into a porous one-dimensional structure through additive and subtractive material technology, and then oxide / carbon composite power generation material is obtained through solvent shrinkage and annealing treatment. By contacting both ends of the oxide / carbon composite power generation material with the electrode components and attaching a water collection device to one end of the oxide / carbon composite power generation material, a hydrovolt generator based on the oxide / carbon composite power generation material is obtained.

2. The method for preparing a hydroelectric generator based on oxide / carbon composite power generation material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the oxide / carbon composite power generation material, the oxide includes one or more of metal oxides and non-metal oxides; the carbon material includes one or more of zero-dimensional carbon materials, one-dimensional carbon materials, and two-dimensional carbon materials.

3. The method for preparing a hydroelectric generator based on oxide / carbon composite power generation material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode is made of one or more of the following materials: carbon, silver, gold, copper, zinc, and tin.

4. The method for preparing a hydroelectric generator based on oxide / carbon composite power generation material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water collection device uses a moisture-absorbing material, which is one or more of hygroscopic inorganic salts and hygroscopic organic polymers.

5. The method for preparing a hydroelectric generator based on oxide / carbon composite power generation material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickener is one or more of carbomer, cellulose, and F127; And / or, the reagent used for solvent shrinkage is one or more of deionized water, ethanol, and acetone.

6. The method for preparing a hydroelectric generator based on oxide / carbon composite power generation material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of oxide to carbon material in the substrate slurry is 0.1~10:1, and the mass ratio of oxide / carbon material dispersion to thickener is 0.1~10:

1.

7. The method for preparing a hydroelectric generator based on oxide / carbon composite power generation material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The additive and subtractive material technology is one of 3D printing technology, mold casting technology, or cryogenic casting technology; And / or, the freeze-drying time of the additive / subtractive material technology is 12~24h; And / or, the annealing parameters include annealing at a heating rate of 1 to 10 °C for 0.5 to 10 h within the range of 200 to 500 °C.

8. The application of a hydro-voltaic generator based on oxide / carbon composite power generation material prepared by the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Including for power generation; During the power generation process, moisture in the air is collected by a water collection device and transferred to the oxide / carbon composite power generation material. Moisture evaporates naturally on the surface of the oxide / carbon composite power generation material, generating current and voltage, and transmitting the current and voltage to the electrode components; Current and voltage are transmitted to the outside through electrodes.

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