Numerically-controlled machine tool with multi-component cooperation function and cutting machining method of numerically-controlled machine tool
By optimizing the functional timing, spatial layout, and signal interaction of CNC machine tools, the problem of motion conflict in multi-functional collaborative operations was solved, achieving high-precision and high-efficiency CNC machine tool processing and improving processing autonomy and stability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511665692.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-09
AI Technical Summary
When existing CNC machine tools operate in a multi-functional collaborative manner, there are problems such as the easy occurrence of motion conflicts between the start-up and operation of functional modules, which leads to reduced tool gripping accuracy, increased positioning error, and decreased stability of detection signals, thus affecting machining accuracy and efficiency.
By optimizing the timing of functions, spatial layout, and signal interaction mechanisms, a multi-functional collaborative control logic is constructed to ensure the independent space and collaborative operation of the dust collection device, the tool gripping, CCD positioning, vertical probe detection, and fixture clamping, thereby reducing interference and achieving fully automated and efficient dust collection.
It has improved the machining accuracy and efficiency of CNC machine tools, reduced the production line interruption rate, increased the yield rate and market competitiveness, and filled the technical gap in functional collaborative scheduling.
Smart Images
Figure CN121290168A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC machine tools, and more specifically to a CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative functions and a cutting machining method thereof. Background Technology
[0002] In CNC machine tool machining of precision parts, functions such as automatic tool change, CCD positioning, vertical probe detection, automatic dust extraction and spraying, and worktable clamping need to work together to ensure a smooth machining process. However, existing technologies have unresolved defects in the timing coordination, layout, and signal interaction of these functions: different functional modules are prone to conflicting actions during startup and operation. For example, during automatic tool change, the airflow from the dust extraction device causes the tool gripping position to shift. Actual production line testing shows that the tool gripping accuracy is reduced by about 10% under this condition compared to the ideal state (without the dust extraction and spraying device in normal operation). CCD positioning, with worktable fixture clamping, causes the positioning of precision parts. Testing shows that the positioning error is significantly increased compared to when there is no CCD positioning, significantly reducing positioning accuracy. During vertical probe detection, the dust extraction function and dust adhesion affect the stability of the detection position and signal acquisition, leading to a significant increase in the false judgment rate. There is currently no technical solution to effectively optimize these multi-functional coordination defects, severely restricting the autonomy and overall efficiency of CNC machine tool machining. Therefore, it is urgent to optimize the multi-functional collaborative mechanism through technological innovation, solve operational problems, improve the stability and efficiency of CNC machine tool processing, and fill the gap in the application of this technology. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This application aims to overcome the technical problems existing in the background art by providing a CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative functions and a cutting method thereof. Addressing the shortcomings of existing machine tool processing where automatic tool changing, CCD positioning, vertical probe detection, automatic dust collection, and fixture clamping functions operate in tandem due to timing conflicts, accuracy interference, and limited efficiency, this application aims to construct a multi-functional collaborative control logic: by optimizing function timing scheduling, spatial layout, and machine tool signal interaction mechanisms; by making the dust collection device compatible with automatic tool changing to avoid interference from the dust collection hood and platform fixtures on tool grasping; by cooperating with CCD positioning to suppress precision component positioning caused by fixture clamping to ensure accuracy; and by cooperating with vertical probe detection to reduce interference from airflow and dust on signal acquisition, ultimately achieving fully automated and efficient dust collection throughout the entire process, improving the autonomy, stability, and high efficiency of CNC machine tool processing.
[0004] The specific technical solution is as follows: A CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function is characterized in that the CNC machine tool is provided with a crossbeam, a moving guide rail is provided on the crossbeam, a moving component is attached to the moving guide rail, and a machining spindle, a vertical probe, a CCD component and an automatic dust suction spray device provided on the front of the moving component all move left and right along the moving guide rail with the moving component. The CNC machine tool's worktable is equipped with a tool magazine and a moving guide rail, and the machining fixture moves back and forth on the machine tool along the moving guide rail. A vertical probe is installed in front of the machining spindle, a CCD component is installed on the right side of the machining spindle, and an automatic dust suction and spray device is installed behind the CCD component. The tool magazine, CCD component, vertical probe, automatic dust suction and spray device, and machining fixture each have their own independent space on the machine tool. The machine tool has a multi-functional timing model that clearly defines the state switching sequence of tool changing, CCD component positioning, vertical probe detection, automatic dust extraction and spraying device, and automatic clamping within the machining cycle.
[0005] Furthermore, the machining spindle is equipped with cutting tools for cutting the workpiece; a vertical probe is used to detect the machining accuracy of the product.
[0006] Furthermore, the machining fixture is used to clamp and fix the workpiece; the tool magazine stores cutting tools for tool changing.
[0007] Furthermore, the CCD component is used for visual positioning; the automatic dust-collecting spray device is used to spray during processing for cooling and lubrication, and to clean up debris and dust generated during processing.
[0008] This application also provides a method for machining using a CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function as described above, characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) Processing preparation stage 11) Workpiece clamping: Place the precision parts to be processed in the machining fixture. The fixture uses positioning pins and vacuum adsorption to achieve high-precision clamping and fixation of the workpiece, ensuring uniformity of the machining datum. 12) Initial positioning, including: 121) CCD vision positioning: After startup, it quickly acquires the positioning points on the workpiece surface, compares them with the preset standard origin, and feeds back the X / Y deviation data of the machine tool to the control system of the CNC machine tool; 122) Vertical probe intervention: The vertical probe probes the machining feature points on the workpiece surface, accurately measures the actual mounting height of the workpiece, and automatically generates coordinate compensation values based on CCD data to correct the machining path and ensure the accuracy of the machining starting point; 2) Processing execution stage 21) Tool changer: According to the machining process, the tool magazine rotates to the corresponding tool position according to the program instructions. Through the tool changing mechanism, the CNC machine tool running X / Y / Z axes, the machining spindle, and the automatic dust extraction and spraying device, automatic tool changing is completed, connecting different milling processes. 22) Milling: The machining spindle drives the cutting tool to rotate at high speed and mill the workpiece along the compensated machining path; the vertical probe monitors tool wear and workpiece deformation in real time during the machining process and dynamically adjusts the cutting parameters; 23) Automatic dust suction spray assistance: During machining, the automatic dust suction spray device is activated, using negative pressure adsorption and tool head spray cooling to promptly remove milling debris and dust, preventing debris from scratching or accumulating on the workpiece surface, affecting tool heat dissipation and product performance, maintaining a clean machining environment, and ensuring milling accuracy; when changing tools, the automatic dust suction device opens and closes to avoid interference with the tool magazine and spindle tool changing.
[0009] 3) Finishing stage of processing After the workpiece is processed, the vertical probe performs a full inspection of the workpiece dimensions again. The inspection data is uploaded to the machine tool control system and compared with the standard parameters to determine the processing qualification. Qualified workpieces enter the next process, while unqualified products are processed.
[0010] Furthermore, the surface machining features of the workpiece include edges, process holes, positioning pins, and grooves.
[0011] Furthermore, the cutting tool rotates at a high speed of over 10,000 r / min.
[0012] The beneficial technical effects of this application are as follows: 1) Improved precision through collaboration. The CNC machine tool of this application resolves the timing conflicts of existing machine tool functions, reduces interference from tool changes on the cutting tool, minimizes the automatic error caused by dust in precision parts, improves the detection stability of the vertical detection probe, and ensures machining accuracy; 2) Optimized processing efficiency. The CNC machine tool of this application features fully automated dust collection and multi-functionality, enhancing the autonomy of CCD component detection and processing, reducing production line interruption rate, improving processing efficiency and the yield rate of precision parts, and reducing costs; 3) Technological breakthrough: The CNC machine tool of this application fills the gap in functional collaborative scheduling (timing, space, signal), provides a solution for the intelligent upgrading of CNC machining, avoids infringement, builds technical barriers, and enhances market competitiveness; Attached Figure Description Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function according to this application; Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of a CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function according to this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function, including a CCD assembly, a vertical probe, an automatic dust extraction and spraying device, and a machining spindle. Figure 4 This application contains a three-view drawing of a CNC machine tool CCD, a vertical probe, an automatic dust extraction and spraying device, and a machining spindle, which are designed to have multi-component collaborative functions. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a tool magazine for a CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function according to this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a worktable fixture for a CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function according to this application.
[0013] Figure label: 1. Machining spindle; 2. Vertical probe; 3. Tool magazine; 4. Machining fixture; 5. CCD assembly; 6. Automatic dust extraction and spraying device. Detailed Implementation
[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1-6 The present invention will now be described in further detail. It should be understood that the specific details described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
[0015] To address the shortcomings of multi-functional collaborative operations involving automatic tool changers, CCD components, vertical probes, automatic dust extraction, and table fixture clamping and positioning in CNC machine tool processing, the following technical approach is adopted, the details of which are as follows: Timing-based collaborative scheduling: Establish a multi-functional timing model to clarify the state switching (start / run / standby / reset) of tool changing, CCD positioning, probe detection, automatic dust collection, and automatic clamping within the machining cycle, avoid action conflicts, and form dedicated timing control; Space layout optimization: The tool changing mechanism, CCD component, vertical probe, dust suction channel and workbench fixture are reconstructed in 3D to ensure independent space for each function and to achieve compact integration of equipment, filling the patent gap in the industry's space layout. Signal processing innovation: Using electromagnetic shielding, encoding and decoding, and synchronous touch algorithms, we construct an anti-interference signal interaction environment and provide patented signal processing methods.
[0016] The above technical solutions will overcome the limitations of existing technologies, enhance the autonomy and overall efficiency of CNC machine tool processing, and strengthen competitive advantages.
[0017] from Figure 1 As can be seen, a CNC machine tool with an automatic dust collection device is provided with a crossbeam, a moving guide rail is provided on the crossbeam, and a moving component is attached to the moving guide rail. The machining spindle 1, vertical probe 2, CCD component 5 and automatic dust collection spray device 6, which are located on the front of the moving component, all move left and right along the moving guide rail with the moving component. The CNC machine tool has a tool magazine 3 and a moving guide rail on its worktable, and the machining fixture 4 moves back and forth on the machine tool along the moving guide rail. A vertical probe 2 is installed in front of the machining spindle 1, a CCD component 5 is installed on the right side of the machining spindle 1, and an automatic dust collection device 6 is installed behind the CCD component 5. The tool magazine 3, CCD component 5, vertical probe 2, automatic dust collection device 6 and machining fixture 4 each have their own independent space on the machine tool. The machine tool has a multi-functional timing model that clearly defines the state switching timing of tool changing, CCD component positioning, vertical probe detection, automatic dust collection device, and automatic clamping within the machining cycle.
[0018] Furthermore, the machining spindle 1 is equipped with cutting tools for cutting the workpiece; the vertical probe 2 is used to detect the machining accuracy of the product.
[0019] Furthermore, the machining fixture 4 is used to clamp and fix the workpiece; the tool magazine 3 stores cutting tools for tool changing.
[0020] Furthermore, the CCD component 5 is used for visual positioning; the automatic dust-collecting spray device 6 is used to spray during processing for cooling and lubrication, and to clean up debris and dust generated during processing.
[0021] This application also provides a method for machining using a CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function as described above, characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) Processing preparation stage 11) Workpiece clamping: Place the precision parts to be processed (taking PCB substrate as an example, the precise height of the copper pillar and the depth and width of the groove need to be milled) in the processing fixture 4. The processing fixture 4 achieves high-precision clamping and fixing of the workpiece through positioning pins and vacuum adsorption, ensuring the uniformity of the processing datum. 12) Initial positioning, including: 121) CCD vision positioning: After startup, it quickly acquires the positioning points on the workpiece surface, compares them with the preset standard origin, and feeds back the X / Y deviation data of the machine tool to the control system of the CNC machine tool; 122) Vertical probe 2 intervention: Vertical probe 2 probes the workpiece surface machining feature points (such as edges, process holes, positioning posts, grooves), accurately measures the actual installation height of the workpiece, and automatically generates coordinate compensation values by combining CCD data to correct the machining path and ensure the accuracy of the machining starting point; 2) Processing execution stage 21) Tool magazine tool change: According to the machining process (rough milling first, then finish milling), the tool magazine 3 rotates to the corresponding tool position (such as rough milling cutter, finish milling cutter) according to the program instructions. Through the tool changing mechanism, the CNC machine tool running X / Y / Z axis, the machining spindle 1, and the automatic dust extraction and spraying device 6, the automatic tool change is completed, connecting different milling processes. 22) Milling: The machining spindle 1 drives the tool to rotate at high speed (up to 10,000 r / min or more) and mills the workpiece along the compensated machining path; the vertical probe 2 monitors the tool wear and workpiece deformation in real time during the machining process and dynamically adjusts the cutting parameters. 23) Automatic dust suction spray assistance: During machining, the automatic dust suction spray device 6 closes and starts dust suction. It uses negative pressure adsorption and tool head spray cooling to remove milling debris and dust in a timely manner, avoiding debris scratching, accumulating on the workpiece surface, affecting tool heat dissipation and product performance, maintaining a clean machining environment, and ensuring milling accuracy. When changing tools, the automatic dust suction spray device 6 opens and the dust suction is turned off to avoid tool magazine 3 and machining spindle 1 tool changing interference. 3) Finishing stage of processing After the workpiece is processed, vertical probe 2 performs a full inspection of the workpiece dimensions (such as the height of the copper column and the depth and width of the groove). The inspection data is uploaded to the system and compared with standard parameters to determine the processing qualification. Qualified workpieces proceed to the next process, while unqualified products await further processing. For example, an alarm may be triggered or a defective product channel may be added.
[0022] Furthermore, the surface machining features of the workpiece include edges, process holes, positioning pins, and grooves.
[0023] Furthermore, the cutting tool rotates at a high speed of over 10,000 r / min.
[0024] The above embodiments focus on the milling process of precision components (PCB substrates). The CNC machine tool of this application can be extended to processes such as drilling and tapping. By adjusting the tool magazine tool type and spindle configuration, optimizing the probe detection points and CCD recognition algorithm, the multi-component collaborative logic can be reused to adapt to more precision machining needs.
[0025] The effectiveness of the cutting process using the CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function described above was verified: 1) Improved machining accuracy Through the coordinated compensation of CCD and vertical probe, the milling dimensional tolerance of the workpiece is controlled within ±0.02mm, which improves the accuracy by 30% compared with traditional CNC machine tool processing; the surface roughness Ra value reaches 0.8μm, meeting the process requirements of high-end precision parts.
[0026] 2) Efficiency optimization The automatic tool changer reduces the tool change time to 5 seconds per cycle. Combined with real-time monitoring and adaptive adjustment of the machining process, the single-workpiece milling cycle and production efficiency are increased by 30%. Automatic dust extraction reduces the frequency of manual chip cleaning and reduces auxiliary time by 40%.
[0027] 3) Guaranteed yield rate The entire process of inspection by CCD and vertical probes can promptly intercept poorly clamped or abnormally processed workpieces. Combined with automatic dust extraction, the batch yield rate has increased from 90% to 98%, reducing production costs and stabilizing production quality.
[0028] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function, characterized in that, The CNC machine tool is equipped with a crossbeam, a moving guide rail is mounted on the crossbeam, and a moving component is mounted on the moving guide rail. The machining spindle, vertical probe, CCD assembly, and automatic dust extraction spray device located on the front of the moving component all move left and right along the moving guide rail with the moving component. The CNC machine tool's worktable is equipped with a tool magazine and a moving guide rail, and the machining fixture moves back and forth on the machine tool along the moving guide rail. A vertical probe is installed in front of the machining spindle, a CCD component is installed on the right side of the machining spindle, and an automatic dust suction and spray device is installed behind the CCD component. The tool magazine, CCD component, vertical probe, automatic dust suction and spray device, and machining fixture each have their own independent space on the machine tool. The machine tool has a multi-functional timing model that clearly defines the state switching sequence of tool changing, CCD component positioning, vertical probe detection, automatic dust extraction and spraying device, and automatic clamping within the machining cycle.
2. A CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The machining spindle is equipped with cutting tools for cutting the workpiece; the vertical probe is used to detect the machining accuracy of the product.
3. A CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The machining fixture is used to clamp and fix the workpiece; the tool magazine stores cutting tools for tool changing.
4. A CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The CCD component is used for visual positioning; the automatic dust-collecting spray device is used to spray during processing for cooling and lubrication, and to clean up debris and dust generated during processing.
5. A method for cutting machining using a CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Processing preparation stage 11) Workpiece clamping: Place the precision parts to be processed in the machining fixture. The machining fixture uses positioning pins and vacuum adsorption to achieve high-precision clamping and fixing of the workpiece, ensuring uniformity of machining datum. 12) Initial positioning, including: 121) CCD vision positioning: After startup, it quickly acquires the positioning points on the workpiece surface, compares them with the preset standard origin, and feeds back the X / Y deviation data of the machine tool to the control system of the CNC machine tool; 122) Vertical probe intervention: The vertical probe probes the machining feature points on the workpiece surface, accurately measures the actual installation height of the workpiece, and automatically generates coordinate compensation values based on CCD data to correct the machining path and ensure the accuracy of the machining starting point; 2) Processing execution stage 21) Tool changer: According to the machining process, the tool magazine rotates to the corresponding tool position according to the program instructions. Through the tool changing mechanism, the CNC machine tool running X / Y / Z axes, the machining spindle, and the automatic dust extraction and spraying device, automatic tool changing is completed, connecting different milling processes. 22) Milling: The machining spindle drives the cutting tool to rotate at high speed and mill the workpiece along the compensated machining path; the vertical probe monitors tool wear and workpiece deformation in real time during the machining process and dynamically adjusts the cutting parameters; 23) Automatic dust suction spray assistance: During machining, the automatic dust suction spray device closes and starts suction, using negative pressure adsorption and tool head spray cooling to promptly remove milling debris and dust, preventing debris from scratching or accumulating on the workpiece surface, affecting tool heat dissipation and product performance, maintaining a clean machining environment, and ensuring milling accuracy; when changing tools, the automatic dust suction spray device opens and the suction is closed to avoid interference between the tool magazine and the machining spindle during tool changing; 3) Finishing stage of processing After processing is completed, the vertical probe performs a full inspection of the workpiece dimensions again. The inspection data is uploaded to the system and compared with the standard parameters to determine the processing qualification. Qualified workpieces enter the next process, while unqualified products are processed.
6. The method for cutting machining using a CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The surface machining features of a workpiece include edges, process holes, locating posts, and grooves.
7. The method for cutting machining using a CNC machine tool with multi-component collaborative function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cutting tool rotates at a high speed of over 10,000 r / min.