Low-voltage power distribution framework and new energy vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle power distribution, in particular to a low-voltage power distribution framework and a new energy vehicle. The low-voltage power distribution framework comprises a vehicle control unit, a low-voltage switching module, a high-voltage power supply module, a low-voltage power supply module, a first low-voltage electric appliance and a second low-voltage electric appliance. The first low-voltage electric appliance is connected with the low-voltage power supply module through the low-voltage switching module, the first end of the vehicle control unit is connected with the feedback end of the high-voltage power supply module, and the second end of the vehicle control unit is connected with the control end of the low-voltage switching module. The high-voltage power supply module supplies power to the first low-voltage electric appliance and the second low-voltage electric appliance when the vehicle is in high voltage, and generates and outputs a feedback signal to the vehicle control unit at the same time; the vehicle control unit generates a low-voltage cut-off signal and transmits the low-voltage cut-off signal And when the low-voltage switching module receives the low-voltage cut-off signal, the low-voltage switching module controls the power supply loop from the low-voltage power supply module to the first low-voltage electric appliance to be cut off. Therefore, the 24V commercial vehicle can be matched with and carry a low-voltage control system of a 12V passenger vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle power distribution technology, and more particularly to a low-voltage power distribution architecture and new energy vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] As the automotive industry gradually moves towards the new energy era, the development of new energy commercial vehicles is also progressing rapidly. Compared to the maturity of new energy technologies for passenger vehicles, the development of core control systems for new energy commercial vehicles (especially the low-voltage control systems for hybrid models) is significantly lagging behind, becoming one of the key bottlenecks restricting the rapid implementation of new energy in commercial vehicles. Passenger vehicles, due to their relatively low low-voltage electrical load, generally have new energy control systems developed based on a 12V low-voltage platform, and the related technologies have been highly matured through long-term verification. Commercial vehicles, however, need to drive higher-power low-voltage electrical equipment, and their low-voltage operating voltage standard is uniformly 24V, making them incompatible with 12V voltage-level electrical equipment.

[0003] Developing a new energy control system adapted to a 24V platform for commercial vehicles would require overcoming technical barriers in multiple areas, including ECU hardware design, software calibration, and system integration, resulting in high development costs and significant technical risks. Simply adding a voltage conversion device to achieve 24V to 12V conversion might lead to unstable power supply to the control system due to fluctuations in conversion efficiency, failing to meet the constant 12V power supply requirements of the commercial vehicle's standby control system.

[0004] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of the present invention and does not represent an admission that the above content is prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a low-voltage power distribution architecture for new energy vehicles, aiming to solve the technical problem of voltage incompatibility between the control systems of new energy commercial vehicles and passenger vehicles in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a low-voltage power distribution architecture, which includes: a vehicle controller, a low-voltage switching module, a high-voltage power supply module, a low-voltage power supply module, a first low-voltage electrical appliance, and a second low-voltage electrical appliance; The voltage amplitudes of the first low-voltage electrical appliance and the second low-voltage electrical appliance are different; The first low-voltage electrical appliance is connected to the low-voltage power supply module through the low-voltage switching module. The first low-voltage electrical appliance is also connected to the high-voltage power supply module. The second low-voltage electrical appliance is also connected to the high-voltage power supply module. The first terminal of the vehicle controller is connected to the feedback terminal of the high-voltage power supply module, and the second terminal of the vehicle controller is connected to the control terminal of the low-voltage switching module. The high-voltage power supply module is used to supply power to the first low-voltage electrical appliance and the second low-voltage electrical appliance when the vehicle is under high voltage, and at the same time generate an output feedback signal to be transmitted to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller is used to generate a low-voltage cutoff signal when it receives the output feedback signal from the high-voltage power supply module, and transmit the low-voltage cutoff signal to the low-voltage switching module. The low-voltage switching module is used to control the power supply circuit from the low-voltage power supply module to the first low-voltage electrical appliance to disconnect when the low-voltage cutoff signal is received.

[0007] Optionally, the vehicle controller is configured to generate a low-voltage turn-on signal when it does not receive an output feedback signal from the high-voltage power supply module, and transmit the low-voltage turn-on signal to the low-voltage switching module; The low-voltage switching module is used to control the power supply circuit from the low-voltage power supply module to the first low-voltage electrical appliance to close when the low-voltage conduction signal is received.

[0008] Optionally, the low-voltage power supply module includes: a first battery cell and a second battery cell; The first battery cell and the second battery cell are also respectively connected to the first low-voltage electrical appliance through the low-voltage switching module; The vehicle controller is used to generate a first battery turn-on signal and a second battery turn-on signal respectively according to the time when the output feedback signal of the high-voltage power supply module is not received, and transmit both the first battery turn-on signal and the second battery turn-on signal to the low-voltage switching module. The low-voltage switching module is used to control the closure of the power supply circuit from the first battery cell to the first low-voltage electrical appliance based on the first battery conduction signal. The low-voltage switching module is also used to control the closure of the power supply circuit from the second battery cell to the first low-voltage electrical appliance based on the second battery conduction signal.

[0009] Optionally, the low-voltage switching module includes: a first to a fourth relay; The first terminal of the first relay is connected to the negative terminal of the first low-voltage electrical appliance, the second terminal of the first relay is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cell, and the control terminal of the first relay is connected to the vehicle controller. The first terminal of the second relay is connected to the negative terminal of the first low-voltage electrical appliance, the second terminal of the second relay is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery cell and the negative terminal of the second battery cell, and the control terminal of the second relay is connected to the vehicle controller. The first terminal of the third relay is connected to the positive terminal of the first low-voltage electrical appliance, the second terminal of the third relay is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery cell and the negative terminal of the second battery cell, and the control terminal of the third relay is connected to the vehicle controller. The first terminal of the fourth relay is connected to the positive terminal of the first low-voltage electrical appliance, the second terminal of the fourth relay is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell, and the control terminal of the fourth relay is connected to the vehicle controller.

[0010] Optionally, the low-voltage switching module is used to drive all of the first to fourth relays to turn off when the low-voltage cutoff signal is received.

[0011] Optionally, the low-voltage switching module is used to drive the first relay to turn on, the second relay to turn off, the third relay to turn on, and the fourth relay to turn off when the first battery turn-on signal is received.

[0012] Optionally, the low-voltage switching module is used to drive the first relay to turn off, the second relay to turn on, the third relay to turn off, and the fourth relay to turn on when the second battery turn-on signal is received.

[0013] Optionally, the vehicle controller is configured to generate the first battery turn-on signal and start timing when it does not receive the output feedback signal from the high-voltage power supply module; The vehicle controller is also used to generate a second battery turn-on signal when the timer reaches a preset switching duration.

[0014] Optionally, the high-voltage power supply module is also used to charge the low-voltage power supply module.

[0015] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a new energy vehicle, which includes the low-voltage power distribution architecture as described above.

[0016] This invention provides a low-voltage power distribution architecture and a new energy vehicle. The low-voltage power distribution architecture includes: a vehicle controller, a low-voltage switching module, a high-voltage power supply module, a low-voltage power supply module, a first low-voltage electrical appliance, and a second low-voltage electrical appliance; the first low-voltage electrical appliance and the second low-voltage electrical appliance have different voltage amplitudes. The first low-voltage electrical appliance is connected to the low-voltage power supply module through the low-voltage switching module, and is also connected to the high-voltage power supply module. The second low-voltage electrical appliance is also connected to the high-voltage power supply module. A first terminal of the vehicle controller is connected to the feedback terminal of the high-voltage power supply module, and a second terminal of the vehicle controller is connected to the control terminal of the low-voltage switching module. The high-voltage power supply module supplies power to the first low-voltage electrical appliance and the second low-voltage electrical appliance when the vehicle is connected to high voltage, and simultaneously generates an output feedback signal that is transmitted to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller generates a low-voltage cutoff signal upon receiving the output feedback signal from the high-voltage power supply module and transmits the low-voltage cutoff signal to the low-voltage switching module. The low-voltage switching module disconnects the power supply circuit from the low-voltage power supply module to the first low-voltage electrical appliance upon receiving the low-voltage cutoff signal. When the vehicle is not connected to high voltage, the low-voltage power supply module can continuously supply power to the first low-voltage electrical appliance, avoiding problems such as data loss and untraceable faults due to lack of power supply. When high voltage is connected, only the high-voltage power supply module provides unified power supply, further ensuring power supply stability. There is no need to redevelop a 24V new energy control system for commercial vehicles; the mature and well-proven 12V passenger vehicle control system can be directly reused. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the low-voltage power distribution architecture of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the low-voltage power distribution architecture of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the low-voltage power distribution architecture of the present invention.

[0019] The following are the reference numerals: 10, Vehicle controller; 20, Low-voltage switching module; 30, High-voltage power supply module; 40, Low-voltage power supply module; 50, First low-voltage electrical appliance; 60, Second low-voltage electrical appliance; B1, First battery cell; B2, Second battery cell; K1, First relay; K2, Second relay; K3, Third relay; K4, Fourth relay.

[0020] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0021] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0024] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the low-voltage power distribution architecture of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the low-voltage power distribution architecture includes: a vehicle controller, a low-voltage switching module, a high-voltage power supply module, a low-voltage power supply module, a first low-voltage electrical appliance, and a second low-voltage electrical appliance. The first low-voltage electrical appliance is connected to the low-voltage power supply module through the low-voltage switching module, and is also connected to the high-voltage power supply module. The second low-voltage electrical appliance is also connected to the high-voltage power supply module. The first terminal of the vehicle controller is connected to the feedback terminal of the high-voltage power supply module, and the second terminal of the vehicle controller is connected to the control terminal of the low-voltage switching module.

[0026] It should be noted that the high-voltage power supply module can be used to supply power to the first low-voltage electrical appliance and the second low-voltage electrical appliance when high voltage is applied to the vehicle, and simultaneously generate an output feedback signal that is transmitted to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller can generate a low-voltage cutoff signal upon receiving the output feedback signal from the high-voltage power supply module and transmit the low-voltage cutoff signal to the low-voltage switching module. The low-voltage switching module can control the power supply circuit from the low-voltage power supply module to the first low-voltage electrical appliance to disconnect upon receiving the low-voltage cutoff signal.

[0027] Understandably, the first low-voltage electrical appliance can be a low-voltage device adapted to a 12V voltage level, including ECUs, sensors, and auxiliary low-voltage electrical appliances in new energy control electrical systems, which need to obtain power through a low-voltage switching module or a high-voltage power supply module. The second low-voltage electrical appliance can be a low-voltage device adapted to a 24V voltage level, which is the standard electrical equipment on the low-voltage platform of commercial vehicles, and directly connects to the high-voltage power supply module to obtain power.

[0028] It should be understood that the vehicle controller can have signal receiving, processing, and transmission functions, and can generate control signals to drive the low-voltage switching module based on the received output feedback signals from the high-voltage power supply module. The low-voltage switching module can be an electronic device with power supply circuit on / off control; its operation is driven by the control signals from the vehicle controller, and it can switch the power supply source of the first low-voltage electrical appliance according to the vehicle's operating conditions. The low-voltage switching module can be implemented using components with switching control functions such as MOSFETs and relays.

[0029] Understandably, the high-voltage power supply module serves as the power supply component after the vehicle is connected to high voltage. It can simultaneously supply power to both the 12V first low-voltage electrical appliances and the 24V second low-voltage electrical appliances. The high-voltage power supply module can internally incorporate a voltage regulator to ensure stable output of both 12V and 24V. Furthermore, when providing stable power, the high-voltage power supply module can generate an output feedback signal to the vehicle controller, informing the controller that the vehicle is in a high-voltage driving state, thereby controlling the switching of power supply to the first low-voltage electrical appliances from the low-voltage power supply module to the high-voltage power supply module. The low-voltage power supply module serves as the power supply component that powers the 12V first low-voltage electrical appliances when the vehicle is not connected to high voltage and is not in motion.

[0030] Furthermore, the vehicle controller can also generate a low-voltage turn-on signal when it does not receive an output feedback signal from the high-voltage power supply module, and transmit the low-voltage turn-on signal to the low-voltage switching module. The low-voltage switching module can control the power supply circuit from the low-voltage power supply module to the first low-voltage electrical appliance to close when it receives the low-voltage turn-on signal.

[0031] It should be noted that when the vehicle is not connected to high voltage, the first low-voltage electrical appliance of 12V is powered by the low-voltage power supply module. When the vehicle is connected to high voltage, the first low-voltage electrical appliance of 12V is powered by the high-voltage power supply module. When the vehicle is not in operation without high voltage, the ECU of the 12V new energy control electrical system needs a constant power connection to ensure data recording and other functions; therefore, it needs to be powered by the 12V low-voltage power supply module. The power requirement at this time is relatively small (generally 30-60W). To prevent unexpected situations in the 24V / 12V system power distribution during operation, after the high-voltage power supply module stabilizes its output, the vehicle controller disconnects the 12V low-voltage power supply connection, but maintains the 24V power supply connection to charge the low-voltage power supply module.

[0032] In this embodiment, the low-voltage power distribution architecture includes: a vehicle controller, a low-voltage switching module, a high-voltage power supply module, a low-voltage power supply module, a first low-voltage electrical appliance, and a second low-voltage electrical appliance; the first low-voltage electrical appliance and the second low-voltage electrical appliance have different voltage amplitudes. The first low-voltage electrical appliance is connected to the low-voltage power supply module through the low-voltage switching module, and is also connected to the high-voltage power supply module. The second low-voltage electrical appliance is also connected to the high-voltage power supply module. The first terminal of the vehicle controller is connected to the feedback terminal of the high-voltage power supply module, and the second terminal of the vehicle controller is connected to the control terminal of the low-voltage switching module. The high-voltage power supply module is used to supply power to the first low-voltage electrical appliance and the second low-voltage electrical appliance when the vehicle is connected to high voltage, and simultaneously generates an output feedback signal that is transmitted to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller is used to generate a low-voltage cutoff signal when it receives the output feedback signal from the high-voltage power supply module, and transmits the low-voltage cutoff signal to the low-voltage switching module. The low-voltage switching module is used to control the power supply circuit from the low-voltage power supply module to the first low-voltage electrical appliance to disconnect when it receives the low-voltage cutoff signal. When the vehicle is not connected to high voltage, the low-voltage power supply module can continuously supply power to the first low-voltage electrical appliance, avoiding problems such as data loss and untraceable faults due to lack of power supply. When high voltage is connected, only the high-voltage power supply module provides unified power supply, further ensuring power supply stability. There is no need to redevelop a 24V new energy control system for commercial vehicles; the mature and well-proven 12V passenger vehicle control system can be directly reused.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the low-voltage power distribution architecture of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the same or similar content as in the first embodiment described above can be referred to the above description and will not be repeated hereafter. The low-voltage power supply module includes: a first battery cell and a second battery cell. The first battery cell and the second battery cell are also respectively connected to the first low-voltage electrical appliance through the low-voltage switching module.

[0034] It should be noted that the vehicle controller can also generate a first battery turn-on signal and a second battery turn-on signal based on the time during which no output feedback signal is received from the high-voltage power supply module, and transmit both signals to the low-voltage switching module. The low-voltage switching module can control the closure of the power supply circuit from the first battery cell to the first low-voltage electrical appliance based on the first battery turn-on signal. The low-voltage switching module can also control the closure of the power supply circuit from the second battery cell to the first low-voltage electrical appliance based on the second battery turn-on signal.

[0035] Understandably, both the first and second battery cells are 12V low-voltage batteries. By designing two sets of battery cells to provide power in turn, the battery life is not affected, the idling time is extended, and the power supply stability is improved.

[0036] It should be understood that the first battery turn-on signal can be a control command from the vehicle controller to control the first battery cell to supply power to the first low-voltage electrical appliance when it does not receive a feedback signal from the high-voltage power supply module, and the second battery turn-on signal can be a control command from the vehicle controller to control the second battery cell to supply power to the first low-voltage electrical appliance when it does not receive a feedback signal from the high-voltage power supply module.

[0037] It should be noted that the vehicle controller can generate the first battery turn-on signal and start timing when it does not receive the output feedback signal from the high-voltage power supply module. The vehicle controller can also generate the second battery turn-on signal when the timing reaches a preset switching duration.

[0038] Specifically, when the vehicle controller records that the time (T1) for the first battery cell to supply power to the first low-voltage 12V electrical appliance differs from the time (T2) for the second battery cell to supply power to the first low-voltage 12V electrical appliance by more than 60 minutes (T1-T2≥60min), the VCU will switch to supplying power to the first low-voltage 12V electrical appliance from the second battery cell the next time high voltage is applied. Similarly, when the vehicle controller records that the time (T2) for the second battery cell to supply power to the first low-voltage 12V electrical appliance differs from the time (T1) for the first battery cell to supply power to the first low-voltage 12V electrical appliance by more than 60 minutes (T2-T1≥60min), the VCU will switch to supplying power to the first low-voltage 12V electrical appliance from the first battery cell the next time high voltage is applied. Upon initial power-on (i.e., when T1=T2), the vehicle controller defaults to controlling power supply from the first battery cell.

[0039] Understandably, when the vehicle controller receives a high-voltage command, it first drives the low-voltage power supply module to switch to a state where the first battery cell or the second battery cell alone supplies power to the first low-voltage electrical appliance, and then the vehicle controller disconnects the 12V power supply output of the high-voltage power supply module.

[0040] In this embodiment, the low-voltage power supply module includes: a first battery cell and a second battery cell; the first battery cell and the second battery cell are also connected to the first low-voltage electrical appliance through the low-voltage switching module; the vehicle controller is used to generate a first battery conduction signal and a second battery conduction signal respectively based on the time during which it does not receive the output feedback signal from the high-voltage power supply module, and transmits both the first battery conduction signal and the second battery conduction signal to the low-voltage switching module; the low-voltage switching module is used to control the closure of the power supply circuit from the first battery cell to the first low-voltage electrical appliance based on the first battery conduction signal; the low-voltage switching module is also used to control the closure of the power supply circuit from the second battery cell to the first low-voltage electrical appliance based on the second battery conduction signal. This allows two sets of battery cells to alternately supply power to the 12V first low-voltage electrical appliance, avoiding a single battery cell from bearing standby power consumption for a long time, extending the overall service life of the low-voltage power supply module, ensuring continuous power supply to the 12V low-voltage electrical appliance when no high-voltage operation is applied, avoiding functional interruption, and ensuring ECU data recording, fault tracing, and other functions.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the low-voltage power distribution architecture of the present invention. Based on the above embodiments, a third embodiment of the low-voltage power distribution architecture of the present invention is proposed. In this embodiment, content that is the same as or similar to that in the above embodiments can be referred to the above description and will not be repeated hereafter. Figure 3 As shown, the low-voltage switching module includes: first to fourth relays.

[0042] It should be noted that the first terminal of the first relay is connected to the negative terminal of the first low-voltage electrical appliance, the second terminal of the first relay is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cell, and the control terminal of the first relay is connected to the vehicle controller. The first terminal of the second relay is connected to the negative terminal of the first low-voltage electrical appliance, the second terminal of the second relay is connected to both the positive and negative terminals of the first and second battery cells, and the control terminal of the second relay is connected to the vehicle controller. The first terminal of the third relay is connected to the positive terminal of the first low-voltage electrical appliance, the second terminal of the third relay is connected to both the positive and negative terminals of the first and second battery cells, and the control terminal of the third relay is connected to the vehicle controller. The first terminal of the fourth relay is connected to the positive terminal of the first low-voltage electrical appliance, the second terminal of the fourth relay is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell, and the control terminal of the fourth relay is connected to the vehicle controller.

[0043] Understandably, relays can have contact switching functionality, enabling them to switch between normally open and normally closed contacts based on signals received from their control terminals. For example, when a high-level signal is received at the control terminal, the normally open contact closes and the normally closed contact opens; conversely, when a low-level signal is received at the control terminal (or no signal is received), the normally open contact opens and the normally closed contact closes.

[0044] In a first possible implementation, the low-voltage switching module can be used to drive all four relays (from the first to the fourth) to turn off upon receiving the low-voltage cutoff signal. This allows the high-voltage power supply module to supply power to the first 12V low-voltage electrical appliance.

[0045] In a second possible implementation, the low-voltage switching module can also be used to drive the first relay to turn on, the second relay to turn off, the third relay to turn on, and the fourth relay to turn off when the first battery turn-on signal is received. This enables the first single battery cell to supply power to the first 12V low-voltage electrical appliance.

[0046] In a third possible implementation, the low-voltage switching module is used to drive the first relay to turn off, the second relay to turn on, the third relay to turn off, and the fourth relay to turn on when the second battery is turned on. This enables the second single battery to supply power to the 12V first low-voltage electrical appliance.

[0047] In this embodiment, the low-voltage switching module includes first to fourth relays. No additional complex voltage conversion or switching chips are required; the independent power supply path for both batteries can be achieved solely through the physical connection of the relays, providing the hardware foundation for independent power supply to each of the two 12V battery cells. When the vehicle is operating at high voltage, the vehicle controller controls all four relays to be in the off state, avoiding power supply conflicts during high-voltage operation and ensuring the power supply stability of the 12V passenger vehicle control system and the 24V commercial vehicle electrical systems. Simultaneously, differentiated relay state combinations are implemented, ensuring that only one battery is powered at a time, achieving conflict-free switching between the two batteries and guaranteeing continuous power supply and battery life.

[0048] In addition, the present invention also discloses a new energy vehicle, which includes the aforementioned low-voltage power distribution architecture.

[0049] Since new energy vehicles adopt all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, they have at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0050] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0053] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

Claims

1. A low-voltage power distribution architecture, characterized in that, The low-voltage power distribution architecture includes: a vehicle controller, a low-voltage switching module, a high-voltage power supply module, a low-voltage power supply module, a first low-voltage electrical appliance, and a second low-voltage electrical appliance; The voltage amplitudes of the first low-voltage electrical appliance and the second low-voltage electrical appliance are different; The first low-voltage electrical appliance is connected to the low-voltage power supply module through the low-voltage switching module. The first low-voltage electrical appliance is also connected to the high-voltage power supply module. The second low-voltage electrical appliance is also connected to the high-voltage power supply module. The first terminal of the vehicle controller is connected to the feedback terminal of the high-voltage power supply module, and the second terminal of the vehicle controller is connected to the control terminal of the low-voltage switching module. The high-voltage power supply module is used to supply power to the first low-voltage electrical appliance and the second low-voltage electrical appliance when the vehicle is under high voltage, and at the same time generate an output feedback signal to be transmitted to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller is used to generate a low-voltage cutoff signal when it receives the output feedback signal from the high-voltage power supply module, and transmit the low-voltage cutoff signal to the low-voltage switching module. The low-voltage switching module is used to control the power supply circuit from the low-voltage power supply module to the first low-voltage electrical appliance to disconnect when the low-voltage cutoff signal is received.

2. The low-voltage power distribution architecture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vehicle controller is used to generate a low-voltage turn-on signal when it does not receive the output feedback signal from the high-voltage power supply module, and transmit the low-voltage turn-on signal to the low-voltage switching module. The low-voltage switching module is used to control the power supply circuit from the low-voltage power supply module to the first low-voltage electrical appliance to close when the low-voltage conduction signal is received.

3. The low-voltage power distribution architecture as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The low-voltage power supply module includes: a first battery cell and a second battery cell; The first battery cell and the second battery cell are also respectively connected to the first low-voltage electrical appliance through the low-voltage switching module; The vehicle controller is used to generate a first battery turn-on signal and a second battery turn-on signal respectively according to the time when the output feedback signal of the high-voltage power supply module is not received, and transmit both the first battery turn-on signal and the second battery turn-on signal to the low-voltage switching module. The low-voltage switching module is used to control the closure of the power supply circuit from the first battery cell to the first low-voltage electrical appliance based on the first battery conduction signal. The low-voltage switching module is also used to control the closure of the power supply circuit from the second battery cell to the first low-voltage electrical appliance based on the second battery conduction signal.

4. The low-voltage power distribution architecture as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The low-voltage switching module includes: first to fourth relays; The first terminal of the first relay is connected to the negative terminal of the first low-voltage electrical appliance, the second terminal of the first relay is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery cell, and the control terminal of the first relay is connected to the vehicle controller. The first terminal of the second relay is connected to the negative terminal of the first low-voltage electrical appliance, the second terminal of the second relay is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery cell and the negative terminal of the second battery cell, and the control terminal of the second relay is connected to the vehicle controller. The first terminal of the third relay is connected to the positive terminal of the first low-voltage electrical appliance, the second terminal of the third relay is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery cell and the negative terminal of the second battery cell, and the control terminal of the third relay is connected to the vehicle controller. The first terminal of the fourth relay is connected to the positive terminal of the first low-voltage electrical appliance, the second terminal of the fourth relay is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery cell, and the control terminal of the fourth relay is connected to the vehicle controller.

5. The low-voltage power distribution architecture as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The low-voltage switching module is used to drive all four relays (from the first to the fourth) to turn off when the low-voltage cutoff signal is received.

6. The low-voltage power distribution architecture as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The low-voltage switching module is used to drive the first relay to turn on, the second relay to turn off, the third relay to turn on, and the fourth relay to turn off when the first battery turn-on signal is received.

7. The low-voltage power distribution architecture as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The low-voltage switching module is used to drive the first relay to turn off, the second relay to turn on, the third relay to turn off, and the fourth relay to turn on when the second battery turn-on signal is received.

8. The low-voltage power distribution architecture as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The vehicle controller is used to generate the first battery turn-on signal and start timing when it does not receive the output feedback signal from the high-voltage power supply module; The vehicle controller is also used to generate a second battery turn-on signal when the timer reaches a preset switching duration.

9. The low-voltage power distribution architecture as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage power supply module is also used to charge the low-voltage power supply module.

10. A new energy vehicle, characterized in that, The new energy vehicle includes: the low-voltage power distribution architecture as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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