Water quality full-spectrum monitoring method and device in complex river basin

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of water quality monitoring, in particular to a water quality full-spectrum monitoring method and device in a complex river basin, the water quality full-spectrum monitoring device in the complex river basin comprising a detector and a spectrometer, the detector comprising a shell, the shell having a water sample channel and a pure water channel, a switching part being arranged in the shell, two light path channels being arranged in parallel in the switching part, the two light path channels being capable of communicating with the water sample channel and the pure water channel respectively; a light source, a first plano-convex lens, two second plano-convex lenses and two receiving members being further arranged in the shell. By alternately connecting the light path channels with the water sample channel and the pure water channel, the first plano-convex lens and the two second plano-convex lenses can be alternately abraded by impurities in the water body in the complex river basin, so as to reduce the abrasion rate; meanwhile, by taking two adjacent detection data as a group and comparing with each other, the abrasion degree of the lenses in the two light path channels can be obtained, and the subsequent process can be eliminated, so as to improve the accuracy of the water quality detection result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water quality monitoring technology, and in particular to a method and equipment for full-spectrum water quality monitoring in complex watersheds. Background Technology

[0002] Full-spectrum water quality monitoring is a rapid, reagent-free, online method for detecting the light absorption characteristics of various chemical components in water using spectral technology. Its core principle is based on the Lambert-Beer law: when light penetrates a water sample containing absorbing substances, the absorbance is directly proportional to the substance concentration and the optical path length. By scanning a wide wavelength range, multiple parameter spectral fingerprints can be acquired simultaneously, enabling real-time monitoring of various water quality indicators such as COD, BOD, TOC, turbidity, color, total suspended solids, nitrate, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, UV254, and SUVA.

[0003] In related technologies, such as Chinese patent CN215678084U, a full-spectrum water quality detection device based on a plano-convex lens is disclosed. This device includes a housing, a light source, and two miniature spectrometers. The housing has a through-hole detection cavity and an optical path channel. A plano-convex lens A is sealed at the left end of the housing, a plano-convex lens B is coaxially sealed at the right end of the detection cavity, and a plano-convex lens C is coaxially sealed at the right end of the optical path channel. In use, the light source emits visible light, which is then diverged by the plano-convex lens A to form parallel light. One beam passes through the detection cavity and is then converged by the plano-convex lens B to one of the miniature spectrometers. The other beam passes through the optical path channel as reference light and is then converged by the plano-convex lens C to the other miniature spectrometer. The miniature spectrometers analyze the absorbance of the water sample in the detection cavity based on the intensity of the transmitted light, thereby achieving the purpose of monitoring the water quality.

[0004] However, when the aforementioned full-spectrum water quality detection device based on plano-convex lenses is used to monitor water bodies in complex watersheds, the solid impurities contained in the water bodies can easily cause wear on the surfaces of plano-convex lenses A, B, and C, resulting in large errors in the water quality measurement data and affecting the judgment of water quality in complex watersheds. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method and equipment for full-spectrum water quality monitoring in complex watersheds, addressing the problem of large measurement data errors in current water body monitoring processes.

[0006] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A full-spectrum water quality monitoring device for complex watersheds includes a detector and a spectrometer. The detector is configured to perform spectral tests on water bodies and pure water in the complex watershed; the spectrometer is configured to analyze the spectral test results of water bodies and pure water in the complex watershed.

[0008] The detector includes a housing with a water sample channel and a pure water channel. The water sample channel is configured to pass through complex water bodies, and the pure water channel is configured to pass through pure water. A switching unit is located inside the housing, passing through both the water sample channel and the pure water channel and capable of rotating around its own axis. Two optical paths are arranged parallel to each other within the switching unit, each capable of communicating with the water sample channel and the pure water channel respectively. The housing also includes a light source, a first plano-convex lens, two second plano-convex lenses, and two receivers. The first plano-convex lens is fixed to the switching unit and simultaneously blocks one end of both optical paths, with its convex surface facing the light source. The two second plano-convex lenses are both fixed to the switching unit and respectively block the other end of the two optical paths, with their convex surfaces facing the two receivers respectively. The receivers are configured to receive visible light and are electrically connected to the spectrometer.

[0009] Furthermore, each optical path channel is equipped with a cleaning unit that contacts the side wall of the optical path channel and can slide along the water sample channel and the pure water channel to clean impurities adhering to the side walls of the two optical path channels.

[0010] Furthermore, each cleaning section and the side wall of the optical path channel are equipped with at least one roller brush, which can rotate around its own axis.

[0011] Furthermore, the cleaning unit can slide along the water sample channel and the pure water channel under the impetus of complex water bodies or pure water; both the water sample channel and the pure water channel are equipped with elastic elements at the ends away from the inlet, and the elastic elements can form a stop with the cleaning unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic element is a spring.

[0013] Furthermore, vibrators are installed at the ends of both the water sample channel and the pure water channel away from the inlet. The vibrators are configured to drive the complex water body in the water sample channel and the pure water in the pure water channel to vibrate.

[0014] Furthermore, the vibrator generates vibrations based on the principle of ultrasound.

[0015] Furthermore, the light source is a pulsed xenon lamp.

[0016] Furthermore, the detector also includes a first drive component configured to provide a driving force for the rotation of the switching unit.

[0017] This invention also provides a method for full-spectrum water quality monitoring in complex watersheds, employing a full-spectrum water quality monitoring device for complex watersheds. The method for full-spectrum water quality monitoring in complex watersheds includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. Introduce complex water bodies into the water sampling channel; introduce pure water into the pure water channel;

[0019] S2. Start the light source. The light source emits visible light. The visible light is diverged by the first plano-convex lens to form parallel light. Part of the parallel light passes through the water sample channel and the optical path channel, and is converged by one of the second plano-convex lenses to one of the receivers. Part of the parallel light passes through the pure water channel and the optical path channel, and is converged by another second plano-convex lens to another receiver.

[0020] S3. The spectrometer processes the visible light received by the receiver to obtain the light intensity of the water sample and the light intensity of pure water, and analyzes the light intensity of the water sample using the light intensity of pure water as a reference.

[0021] S4. Drive the switching unit to rotate, switching the optical path channel connecting the water sample channel and the pure water channel;

[0022] S5. Repeat steps S1-S2-S4 at least once, and each time process the visible light received by the receiver with a spectrometer to obtain the light intensity of the water sample and the light intensity of pure water.

[0023] S6. Taking two adjacent detection data as a group, the absolute value obtained by subtracting the previous pure water light intensity / water sample light intensity from the next water sample light intensity / pure water light intensity corresponding to the first and second plano-convex lenses is used to determine the influence of plano-convex lens wear on the transmitted light intensity. This value is then used to correct the next water sample light intensity / pure water light intensity corresponding to the first and second plano-convex lenses. The absolute value obtained by subtracting the previous pure water light intensity / water sample light intensity from the next water sample light intensity / pure water light intensity corresponding to the first and second plano-convex lenses is used to determine the influence of plano-convex lens wear on the transmitted light intensity. This value is then used to correct the next water sample light intensity / pure water light intensity corresponding to the first and second plano-convex lenses. The corrected next pure water light intensity is then used as a reference to analyze the corrected next water sample light intensity.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0025] This invention relates to a method and device for full-spectrum water quality monitoring in complex watersheds. By setting up a switching unit and utilizing its motion characteristics, two optical path channels can be alternately connected to the water sample channel and the pure water channel. This allows the first plano-convex lens and the two second plano-convex lenses to be alternately subjected to wear from solid impurities in the complex watershed. This reduces the wear rate of the first and second plano-convex lenses, while also improving their service life and the accuracy of water quality detection results. Furthermore, by taking two adjacent detection data sets and comparing them, the influence of lens wear on parallel light within the two optical path channels can be obtained and discarded in subsequent analysis, further improving the accuracy of water quality detection results. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a full-spectrum water quality monitoring device in a complex watershed provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the detector for a full-spectrum water quality monitoring device in a complex watershed provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the detector for a full-spectrum water quality monitoring device in a complex watershed provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 4 A front view schematic diagram of the detector structure of the full-spectrum water quality monitoring device in a complex watershed provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view along the AA direction;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Sectional view along the BB direction;

[0032] Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the cleaning section, roller brush, and second drive assembly of the full-spectrum water quality monitoring device in complex watersheds provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the cleaning section, roller brush, and second drive assembly of the full-spectrum water quality monitoring device in complex watersheds provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 9 A front view of the cleaning section, roller brush, and second drive assembly of the water quality full-spectrum monitoring device in complex watersheds provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Cross-sectional view along the CC direction;

[0036] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point Z in the middle;

[0037] Figure 12 for Figure 9 DD-direction cross-sectional view;

[0038] Figure 13 An exploded view of the detector components of a full-spectrum water quality monitoring device in a complex watershed, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] in:

[0040] 1. Detector; 11. Housing; 1101. Circular tube section; 1102. Square tube section; 11021. Water sample channel; 11022. Pure water channel; 11023. Inlet; 11024. Outlet; 1103. Circular tube section; 1104. Top cover; 1105. First fixing ring; 11051. First ring platform; 1106. Second fixing ring; 11061. Second ring platform; 1107. Base plate; 12. Switching unit; 1201. Optical path channel; 13. Light source; 14. First plano-convex... 15. Lens; 16. Second plano-convex lens; 17. Receiver; 18. First drive assembly; 19. First drive motor; 10. First gear; 10. Ring gear; 11. Cleaning section; 12. Plug; 13. Spring; 14. Roller brush; 15. Central shaft; 16. Brush bristles; 17. Second drive assembly; 18. Second drive motor; 19. Second gear; 10. Third gear; 11. Fourth gear; 11. Vibrator;

[0041] 2. Spectrometer. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0043] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage," unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0044] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0045] The following reference Figures 1 to 13 The present invention describes a full-spectrum water quality monitoring device for complex watersheds, which is particularly suitable for monitoring the water quality of complex watersheds, and of course, it is also suitable for monitoring the water quality of other water bodies.

[0046] Specifically, the water quality full-spectrum monitoring equipment in complex watersheds is configured to include detector 1 and spectrometer 2. Detector 1 is configured to perform spectral tests on water bodies and pure water in complex watersheds; spectrometer 2 is configured to analyze the spectral test results of water bodies and pure water in complex watersheds.

[0047] The detector 1 includes a housing 11, which has a vertical three-section structure, comprising a cylindrical section 1101 on the upper side, a square cylindrical section 1102 in the middle, and a cylindrical section 1103 on the lower side. A top cover 1104 is sealed at the top of the cylindrical section 1101, and the top cover 1104 is threadedly connected to the cylindrical section 1103 for easy disassembly. The bottom end of the cylindrical section 1101 is inserted into the top of the square cylindrical section 1102. A first fixing ring 1105 is threaded into the bottom end of the cylindrical section 1101. A first ring platform 11051 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the first fixing ring 1105, located below the bottom end of the cylindrical section 1101 and... The square tube section 1102 forms a stop fit for easy disassembly; the top of the cylindrical section 1103 is open and inserted into the bottom of the square tube section 1102; the bottom of the square tube section 1102 is sealed with a base plate 1107, which is simultaneously fitted onto the cylindrical section 1103 and detachably connected to the square tube section 1102 by screws; a second fixing ring 1106 is threaded into the top of the cylindrical section 1103, and a second ring platform 11061 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the second fixing ring 1106. The second ring platform 11061 is located above the top of the cylindrical section 1103 and the base plate 1107, and forms a stop fit for easy disassembly.

[0048] A water sample channel 11021 and a pure water channel 11022 are formed within the square tube section 1102. Both the water sample channel 11021 and the pure water channel 11022 extend horizontally in the left-right direction and are arranged at intervals in the front-back direction. An inlet 11023 is formed at the left end of both the water sample channel 11021 and the pure water channel 11022. Two outlets 11024 are formed at the top of the square tube section 1102, located to the right of the circular tube section 1101. The two outlets 11024 are arranged horizontally at intervals in the front-back direction and are respectively connected to the water sample channel 11021. 21. The pure water channel 11022 is connected, the inlet 11023 of the water sample channel 11021 is connected to the complex water body, and the outlet 11024 of the water sample channel 11021 is connected to the complex water body, so that the water sample channel 11021 can pass through the complex water body and facilitate the formation of a complete flow path. The inlet 11023 of the pure water channel 11022 is connected to the pure water tank, and the outlet 11024 of the pure water channel 11022 is connected to the pure water tank, so that the pure water channel 11022 can pass through pure water and facilitate the formation of a complete flow path.

[0049] Two optical path channels 1201 are also formed within the square tube section 1102. The two optical path channels 1201 are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction. The optical path channel 1201 has a cross-shaped structure and has a vertical section and a horizontal section. The vertical section extends through the vertical direction, and the horizontal section extends through the horizontal direction. It is located at the same height as the water sample channel 11021 and the pure water channel 11022, so that the two optical path channels 1201 can be connected to the water sample channel 11021 and the pure water channel 11022 respectively through the horizontal section.

[0050] The housing 11 also includes a light source 13, a first plano-convex lens 14, two second plano-convex lenses 15, and two receivers 16. The light source 13 is positioned near the bottom of the circular tube section 1101, above the first fixing ring 1105, and facing downwards. The light source 13 can be configured as a pulsed xenon lamp. The first plano-convex lens 14 simultaneously blocks the tops of the two optical path channels 1201, with its convex surface facing upwards towards the light source 13, facilitating the dispersion of the visible light emitted by the light source 13 into parallel light. The two... The receivers 16 are all fixedly installed inside the cylindrical section 1103 and arranged side by side, corresponding vertically to the two optical path channels 1201 respectively. The receivers 16 are used to receive visible light. The two second plano-convex lenses 15 are respectively sealed at the bottom of the two optical path channels 1201 and are arranged with their convex surfaces facing downwards towards the receivers 16, so as to facilitate the convergence of parallel light onto the receivers 16. The receivers 16 are electrically connected to the spectrometer 2, so that the spectrometer 2 can process the visible light received by the receivers 16.

[0051] During the testing process, the water from the complex watershed is first introduced into the water sampling channel 11021 through the inlet 11023. After passing through the water sampling channel 11021, it is discharged from the outlet 11024 of the water sampling channel 11021, achieving continuous flow. At the same time, pure water is introduced into the pure water channel 11022 through the inlet 11023. After passing through the pure water channel 11022, it is discharged from the outlet 11024 of the pure water channel 11022, achieving continuous flow.

[0052] Then, the light source 13 is activated, emitting visible light from top to bottom. The visible light is diverged by the first plano-convex lens 14 to form parallel light. Part of the parallel light passes through the water sample channel 11021 and the optical path channel 1201, and is converged by one of the second plano-convex lenses 15 onto one of the receivers 16. Part of the parallel light passes through the pure water channel 11022 and the optical path channel 1201, and is converged by another second plano-convex lens 15 onto another receiver 16. The spectrometer 2 processes the visible light received by the receiver 16 to obtain the light intensity of the water sample and the light intensity of the pure water. Using the light intensity of the pure water as a reference, the light intensity of the water sample is analyzed to obtain the water quality of the complex watershed.

[0053] While the above process enables the monitoring of water quality in complex watersheds, the core difference between complex watersheds and conventional water bodies lies in the complexity of their composition and the diversity of pollutants. In addition to dissolved pollutants, they often contain large amounts of suspended particulate matter, silt, algae, and other solid impurities. These substances continuously come into contact with the key optical components of the equipment under the influence of water flow. Among them, the first plano-convex lens 14 and the two second plano-convex lenses 15, because they directly participate in the optical path transmission and are in direct contact with the complex watershed, are the most significantly affected components.

[0054] Specifically, solid pollutants in complex water bodies can cause physical friction on the surfaces of the first plano-convex lens 14 and the two second plano-convex lenses 15. After long-term use, these surfaces are prone to wear, damaging their optical flatness and causing a decrease in the focusing accuracy of the optical path. The beam that should be precisely focused will diverge or deviate, causing the intensity of the light signal reaching the receiver 16 to deviate from the theoretical value. Ultimately, this results in a large deviation between the spectral data output by the monitoring equipment and the actual conditions of the complex water body, making the water quality judgment based on this data unreliable and unable to meet the accuracy and stability requirements of monitoring complex water bodies.

[0055] Based on this, in the water quality full-spectrum monitoring device for complex watersheds provided in this embodiment of the invention, a switching part 12 is further provided inside the outer shell 11. The switching part 12 is a cylindrical structure, vertically arranged, and simultaneously passes through the water sample channel 11021 and the pure water channel 11022. The switching part 12 is located inside the square cylindrical section 1102, between the first fixing ring 1105 and the second fixing ring 1106, and simultaneously forms a sealed rotational connection with the first fixing ring 1105 and the second fixing ring 1106; the two optical paths are connected... Channel 1201 is located within switching section 12 and is symmetrically arranged about the axis of switching section 12; a first plano-convex lens 14 is fixedly installed on the top of switching section 12, so as to simultaneously block the top of the two optical path channels 1201; two second plano-convex lenses 15 are fixedly installed on the bottom of switching section 12, so as to respectively block the bottom of the two optical path channels 1201; switching section 12 can rotate around its own axis, so that the two optical path channels 1201 can alternately connect with water sample channel 11021 and pure water channel 11022.

[0056] To facilitate the provision of driving force for the rotation of the switching part 12, the detector 1 also includes a first driving assembly 17, which includes a first driving motor 1701. The first driving motor 1701 is disposed inside the square tube section 1102 with its motor shaft facing downwards, and a first gear 1702 is fixedly sleeved on the motor shaft. A ring tooth 1703 is provided on the bottom circumferential side wall of the switching part 12, and the ring tooth 1703 meshes with the first gear 1702 to realize the rotation of the switching part 12.

[0057] During the testing process, the water from the complex watershed is first introduced into the water sampling channel 11021 through the inlet 11023. After passing through the water sampling channel 11021, it is discharged from the outlet 11024 of the water sampling channel 11021, achieving continuous flow. At the same time, pure water is introduced into the pure water channel 11022 through the inlet 11023. After passing through the pure water channel 11022, it is discharged from the outlet 11024 of the pure water channel 11022, achieving continuous flow.

[0058] Then, spectral tests were performed on the complex watershed water body and pure water: the light source 13 was activated, and the light source 13 emitted visible light from top to bottom. The visible light was diverged by the first plano-convex lens 14 to form parallel light. Part of the parallel light passed through the water sample channel 11021 and the optical path channel 1201, and was converged by the first second plano-convex lens 15 to one of the receivers 16; part of the parallel light passed through the pure water channel 11022 and the optical path channel 1201, and was converged by the second second plano-convex lens 15 to another receiver 16; the spectrometer 2 processed the visible light received by the receiver 16 to obtain the light intensity a11 of the water sample and the light intensity a12 of the pure water, and analyzed the light intensity a11 of the water sample with the light intensity a12 of the pure water as a reference to obtain the water quality of the complex watershed water body.

[0059] It should be noted that at this point, a11 = A1 - b11 - C1, a12 = A1 - b12, where A1 is the light intensity transmitted through pure water when the first plano-convex lens 14 and the second plano-convex lens 15 are unworn; b11 is the effect of wear on the first plano-convex lens 14 and the first and second plano-convex lenses 15 due to impurities in the complex watershed on the transmitted light intensity; C1 is the effect of solid impurities in the current complex watershed on the transmitted light intensity; and b12 is the effect of wear on the first plano-convex lens 14 and the second plano-convex lens 15 due to pure water flow on the transmitted light intensity. Since the first plano-convex lens 14 and the second plano-convex lens 15 are being used for the first time, they are not worn. Therefore, b11 = 0, b12 = 0, meaning a11 is only affected by solid impurities in the complex watershed on the transmitted light intensity, reflecting the true water quality of the complex watershed.

[0060] Then, the input of complex water bodies and pure water is disconnected; then, the first drive motor 1701 is started, and the first drive motor 1701 drives the first gear 1702 to rotate. When the first gear 1702 rotates, it drives the switching part 12 to rotate 180 degrees through meshing with the ring gear 1703. When the switching part 12 rotates, it simultaneously drives the first plano-convex lens 14, the two optical path channels 1201 and the two second plano-convex lenses 15 to rotate, so that the first plano-convex lens 14 and the first second plano-convex lens 15 correspond to the pure water channel 11022, and the first plano-convex lens 14 and the second second plano-convex lens 15 correspond to the water sample channel 11021. At the same time, the optical path channel 1201 is alternately connected to the water sample channel 11021 and the pure water channel 11022.

[0061] Then, the process of inputting complex watershed water and pure water, and performing spectral tests on the complex watershed water and pure water is repeated to obtain the light intensity a21 of the water sample and the light intensity a22 of the pure water. At this point, without considering the wear of the plano-convex lens by the pure water, the light intensity a21 of the water sample is the true value. However, since the solid impurities contained in the complex watershed water have caused wear to the first plano-convex lens 14 and the first and second plano-convex lenses 15, the light intensity a22 of the pure water is inaccurate. If the light intensity a22 of the pure water is used as a reference to analyze the light intensity a21 of the water sample, it will lead to an inaccurate understanding of the complex watershed water. To avoid misjudging the water quality of the water body, the light intensity of the water sample a11 is subtracted from the light intensity of the pure water a22. The absolute value obtained is the influence of the wear of the first plano-convex lens 14 and the first and second plano-convex lenses 15 on the transmitted light intensity. At this time, the influence of the wear of the first plano-convex lens 14 and the first and second plano-convex lenses 15 on the transmitted light intensity is used to correct the pure water light intensity a22, so as to obtain the true pure water light intensity a22. Then, using the corrected pure water light intensity a22 as a reference, the light intensity a21 of the water sample is analyzed, so as to accurately obtain the water quality of the complex water body.

[0062] Considering the wear and tear on the plano-convex lenses caused by pure water, the light intensity a21 of the water sample is inaccurate. Using the pure water light intensity a22 as a reference for analyzing the water sample light intensity a21 would lead to misjudgments of the water quality in complex watersheds. Therefore, subtracting the pure water light intensity a12 from the water sample light intensity a21 yields the absolute value representing the influence of the wear on the first plano-convex lens 14 and the second plano-convex lens 15 on the transmitted light intensity. Correcting the water sample light intensity a21 with this influence allows us to obtain the true water sample light intensity a21. Furthermore, the presence of solid impurities in the complex watershed has already affected the first plano-convex lens 14 and the second plano-convex lens 15. Wear and tear cause the pure water light intensity a22 to be inaccurate. If the pure water light intensity a22 is used as a reference to analyze the water sample light intensity a21, it will lead to misjudgment of the water quality of the complex watershed. Therefore, the absolute value obtained by subtracting the water sample light intensity a11 from the pure water light intensity a22 is the influence of the wear of the first plano-convex lens 14 and the first and second plano-convex lenses 15 on the transmitted light intensity. The pure water light intensity a22 can be corrected by the influence of the wear of the first plano-convex lens 14 and the first and second plano-convex lenses 15 on the transmitted light intensity, so as to obtain the true pure water light intensity a22. At this time, the corrected pure water light intensity a22 is used as a reference to analyze the corrected water sample light intensity a21, so as to accurately obtain the water quality of the complex watershed.

[0063] In a further embodiment, since both optical paths 1201 are connected to the water sample channel 11021, when the water in the complex watershed flows within the optical path channel 1201, the solid impurities it contains are easily adhered to the sidewalls of the optical path channel 1201. As a result, during subsequent detection, these impurities adhering to the sidewalls of the optical path channel 1201 are easily mixed into the water in the complex watershed or pure water, thereby affecting the transmission of parallel light and thus affecting the accuracy of the water quality detection results of the complex water body.

[0064] Based on this, in the water quality full-spectrum monitoring device in complex watersheds provided in the embodiments of the present invention, a cleaning part 18 is inserted into each optical path channel 1201. The cleaning part 18 is a square column structure, vertically arranged, and fills the optical path channel 1201, so that the cleaning part 18 can be closely attached to the side wall of the optical path channel 1201. The cleaning part 18 can slide along the horizontal section of the optical path channel 1201, so as to slide along the water sample channel 11021 and the pure water channel 11022, which facilitates the cleaning of impurities adhering to the side walls of the two optical path channels 1201 during the sliding process.

[0065] To enable the cleaning section 18 to slide, it can be configured to slide along the water sample channel 11021 and the pure water channel 11022 under the push of complex water bodies or pure water. Both the water sample channel 11021 and the pure water channel 11022 are provided with elastic elements at the ends away from the inlet 11023. The elastic elements can be provided with springs 19 and are horizontally arranged so that they can form a stop with the cleaning section 18, which facilitates the provision of driving force for the cleaning section 18 to return to the optical path channel 1201.

[0066] Initially, such as Figure 5 As shown, the cleaning unit 18 is located at the left end of the optical path channel 1201.

[0067] During use, complex watershed water and pure water are introduced into the water sample channel 11021 and pure water channel 11022 respectively through the two inlets 11023. Driven by the complex watershed water and pure water, the two cleaning parts 18 move from left to right. By contacting the side wall of the optical path channel 1201 with the cleaning parts 18, the impurities adhering to the side wall of the two optical path channels 1201 can be cleaned. When the cleaning parts 18 move to contact the spring 19, the spring 19 is compressed as the cleaning parts 18 continue to move. When the cleaning parts 18 move to the right side of the outlet 11024, the complex watershed water in the water sample channel 11021 and the water in the pure water channel 11022 are partially discharged through the outlet 11024.

[0068] It should be noted that, in order to avoid contaminating the pure water tank, the outlet 11024 of the pure water channel 11022 is a three-way structure, with one end connected to the pure water tank and the other end connected to the outside. This facilitates the discharge of pure water containing solid impurities in the complex watershed by adjusting the outlet 11024 of the pure water channel 11022 to the outside when cleaning impurities adhering to the side wall of the optical path channel 1201.

[0069] After the test is completed, the flow of water and pure water in the complex watershed is stopped, the spring 19 is released, and the cleaning part 18 is moved to the right end of the horizontal section of the optical path channel 1201. This ensures that the cleaning part 18 does not interfere with the water sample channel 11021 and the pure water channel 11022 during the rotation of the switching part 12.

[0070] It should be noted that, in order to avoid the impact on the optical path transmission caused by solid impurities adhering to the surfaces of the first plano-convex lens 14 and the second plano-convex lens 15, the water sample channel 11021 and the pure water channel 11022 are cleaned before each monitoring session.

[0071] In a further embodiment, to improve the cleaning effect on the sidewall of the optical path channel 1201, each cleaning part 18 can be provided with a roller brush 110 on its side. The roller brush 110 has a central shaft 11001 and a plurality of bristles 11002 disposed on the central shaft 11001. The central shaft 11001 is arranged parallel to the cleaning part 18, and the bristles 11002 are arranged perpendicular to the central shaft 11001. The roller brush 110 can rotate around its own axis, which facilitates the contact between the bristles 11002 and the sidewall of the optical path channel 1201, thereby facilitating further cleaning of the impurities adhering to the sidewall of the optical path channel 1201.

[0072] To facilitate the driving force for the rotation of the roller brush 110, the cleaning section 18 is designed with a hollow structure inside and an open end, with a plug 1801 sealing the open end. The detector 1 also includes a second drive assembly 111, which includes a second drive motor 11101. The second drive motor 11101 is located inside the cleaning section 18, with its motor shaft parallel to the cleaning section 18 and opposite to the plug 1801. A second gear 11102 is fixedly sleeved on the motor shaft of the second drive motor 11101. Four third gears 11103 are provided inside the cleaning section 18, located at the four corners of the cleaning section 18 and meshing with the second gears 11102. A fourth gear 11104 is fixedly sleeved on each central shaft 11001, and the fourth gear 11104 meshes with the third gear 11103, thereby realizing the rotation of the roller brush 110.

[0073] As the cleaning section 18 moves along the horizontal section of the optical path channel 1201, the second drive motor 11101 is started. The second drive motor 11101 drives the second gear 11102 to rotate. The second gear 11102 drives the roller brush 110 to rotate through the third gear 11103 and the fourth gear 11104, thereby cleaning the impurities adhering to the side wall of the optical path channel 1201 through the brush bristles 11002.

[0074] In other embodiments, to enable the cleaning section 18 to slide, two drive cylinders can be provided in the square tube section 1102, and the output shafts of the two drive cylinders are respectively fixed on the two cleaning sections 18, so that the cleaning section 18 can be driven to slide along the horizontal section of the optical path channel 1201.

[0075] Understandably, the drive cylinder can be any of the following: hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or electric cylinder.

[0076] In other embodiments, to improve the cleaning effect on the sidewalls of the optical path channel 1201, a vibrator 112 can be provided at the ends of the water sample channel 11021 and the pure water channel 11022 away from the inlet 11023. The vibrator 112 is configured to drive the complex water body in the water sample channel 11021 and the pure water in the pure water channel 11022 to vibrate, thereby loosening the impurities adhering to the sidewalls of the optical path channel 1201, improving the scraping effect when the cleaning part 18 moves, and thus improving the cleaning effect on the sidewalls of the optical path channel 1201.

[0077] Specifically, the vibrator 112 generates vibration based on the principle of ultrasound.

[0078] In other embodiments, the vibrator 112 may also generate vibration based on the principle of mechanical vibration.

[0079] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for full-spectrum water quality monitoring in complex watersheds, employing a full-spectrum water quality monitoring device for complex watersheds. The method for full-spectrum water quality monitoring in complex watersheds includes the following steps:

[0080] S1. Introduce complex water bodies into water sampling channel 11021; introduce pure water into pure water channel 11022;

[0081] Specifically, water from complex watersheds is introduced into water sampling channel 11021 through inlet 11023. After passing through water sampling channel 11021, it is discharged from outlet 11024, achieving continuous flow. At the same time, pure water is introduced into pure water channel 11022 through inlet 11023. After passing through pure water channel 11022, it is discharged from outlet 11024, achieving continuous flow.

[0082] S2. Start the light source 13. The light source 13 emits visible light. The visible light is diverged by the first plano-convex lens 14 to form parallel light. Part of the parallel light passes through the water sample channel 11021 and the optical path channel 1201, and is converged by one of the second plano-convex lenses 15 to one of the receivers 16. Part of the parallel light passes through the pure water channel 11022 and the optical path channel 1201, and is converged by another second plano-convex lens 15 to another receiver 16.

[0083] S3. The spectrometer 2 processes the visible light received by the receiver 16 to obtain the light intensity of the water sample and the light intensity of pure water, and analyzes the light intensity of the water sample with the light intensity of pure water as a reference.

[0084] S4. Drive the switching unit 12 to rotate, switching the optical path channel 1201 connecting the water sample channel 11021 and the pure water channel 11022;

[0085] Specifically, the first drive motor 1701 is started, which drives the gear to rotate. When the gear rotates, it drives the switching part 12 to rotate 180 degrees through meshing with the ring gear 1703. When the switching part 12 rotates, it simultaneously drives the first plano-convex lens 14, the two optical path channels 1201 and the two second plano-convex lenses 15 to rotate, so that the first plano-convex lens 14 and the first second plano-convex lens 15 correspond to the pure water channel 11022, and the first plano-convex lens 14 and the second second plano-convex lens 15 correspond to the water sample channel 11021. At the same time, the optical path channel 1201 is alternately connected to the water sample channel 11021 and the pure water channel 11022.

[0086] S5. Repeat steps S1-S2-S4 at least once, and each time process the visible light received by receiver 16 through spectrometer 2 to obtain the light intensity of water sample and pure water.

[0087] S6. Taking two adjacent detection data as a group, the absolute value obtained by subtracting the previous pure water light intensity / water sample light intensity from the next water sample light intensity / pure water light intensity corresponding to the first plano-convex lens 14 and the first second plano-convex lens 15 is used to determine the influence of plano-convex lens wear on the transmitted light intensity. This value is then used to correct the next water sample light intensity / pure water light intensity corresponding to the first plano-convex lens 14 and the first second plano-convex lens 15. The absolute value obtained by subtracting the previous pure water light intensity / water sample light intensity from the next water sample light intensity / pure water light intensity corresponding to the first plano-convex lens 14 and the second second plano-convex lens 15 is used to determine the influence of plano-convex lens wear on the transmitted light intensity. This value is then used to correct the next water sample light intensity / pure water light intensity corresponding to the first plano-convex lens 14 and the second second plano-convex lens 15. The corrected next pure water light intensity is then used as a reference to analyze the corrected next water sample light intensity.

[0088] Specifically, by eliminating the impact of wear on the plano-convex lens on the transmitted light intensity, the light intensity of the water sample and / or the light intensity of pure water are corrected to ensure the accuracy of the water quality test results.

[0089] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0090] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water quality full-spectrum monitoring device for complex watersheds, characterized in that, The water quality full-spectrum monitoring equipment in complex watersheds includes a detector and a spectrometer. The detector is configured to perform spectral tests on water bodies and pure water in complex watersheds; the spectrometer is configured to analyze the spectral test results of water bodies and pure water in complex watersheds. The detector includes a housing with a water sample channel and a pure water channel. The water sample channel is configured to pass through complex water bodies, and the pure water channel is configured to pass through pure water. A switching unit is located inside the housing, passing through both the water sample channel and the pure water channel and capable of rotating around its own axis. Two optical paths are arranged parallel to each other within the switching unit, each capable of communicating with the water sample channel and the pure water channel respectively. The housing also includes a light source, a first plano-convex lens, two second plano-convex lenses, and two receivers. The first plano-convex lens is fixed to the switching unit and simultaneously blocks one end of both optical paths, with its convex surface facing the light source. The two second plano-convex lenses are both fixed to the switching unit and respectively block the other end of the two optical paths, with their convex surfaces facing the two receivers respectively. The receivers are configured to receive visible light and are electrically connected to the spectrometer.

2. The water quality full-spectrum monitoring equipment in complex watersheds according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each optical path channel is equipped with a cleaning unit that contacts the side wall of the optical path channel and can slide along the water sample channel and the pure water channel to clean impurities adhering to the side walls of the two optical path channels.

3. The water quality full-spectrum monitoring device in complex watersheds according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least one roller brush is provided at the contact point between each cleaning section and the side wall of the optical path channel. The roller brush can rotate around its own axis.

4. The water quality full-spectrum monitoring equipment in complex watersheds according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cleaning unit can slide along the water sample channel and the pure water channel under the impetus of complex water bodies or pure water; elastic elements are provided at the ends of the water sample channel and the pure water channel away from the inlet, and the elastic elements can form a stop with the cleaning unit.

5. The water quality full-spectrum monitoring device in complex watersheds according to claim 4, characterized in that, The elastic element is a spring.

6. The water quality full-spectrum monitoring device in complex watersheds according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the water sample channel and the pure water channel are equipped with vibrators at the ends furthest from the inlet. The vibrators are configured to drive the complex water body in the water sample channel and the pure water in the pure water channel to vibrate.

7. The water quality full-spectrum monitoring device in complex watersheds according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vibrator generates vibrations based on the principle of ultrasound.

8. The water quality full-spectrum monitoring device in complex watersheds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light source is a pulsed xenon lamp.

9. The water quality full-spectrum monitoring device in complex watersheds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detector also includes a first drive assembly configured to provide a driving force for the rotation of the switching unit.

10. A method for full-spectrum water quality monitoring in complex watersheds, characterized in that, Using the full-spectrum water quality monitoring equipment for complex watersheds as described in claim 1, the method for full-spectrum water quality monitoring in complex watersheds includes the following steps: S1. Introduce complex water bodies into the water sampling channel; introduce pure water into the pure water channel; S2. Start the light source. The light source emits visible light. The visible light is diverged by the first plano-convex lens to form parallel light. Part of the parallel light passes through the water sample channel and the optical path channel, and is converged by one of the second plano-convex lenses to one of the receivers. Part of the parallel light passes through the pure water channel and the optical path channel, and is converged by another second plano-convex lens to another receiver. S3. The spectrometer processes the visible light received by the receiver to obtain the light intensity of the water sample and the light intensity of pure water, and analyzes the light intensity of the water sample using the light intensity of pure water as a reference. S4. Drive the switching unit to rotate, switching the optical path channel connecting the water sample channel and the pure water channel; S5. Repeat steps S1-S2-S4 at least once, and each time process the visible light received by the receiver with a spectrometer to obtain the light intensity of the water sample and the light intensity of pure water. S6. Taking two adjacent detection data as a group, the absolute value obtained by subtracting the previous pure water light intensity / water sample light intensity from the next water sample light intensity / pure water light intensity corresponding to the first and second plano-convex lenses is used to determine the influence of plano-convex lens wear on the transmitted light intensity. This value is then used to correct the next water sample light intensity / pure water light intensity corresponding to the first and second plano-convex lenses. The absolute value obtained by subtracting the previous pure water light intensity / water sample light intensity from the next water sample light intensity / pure water light intensity corresponding to the first and second plano-convex lenses is used to determine the influence of plano-convex lens wear on the transmitted light intensity. This value is then used to correct the next water sample light intensity / pure water light intensity corresponding to the first and second plano-convex lenses. The corrected next pure water light intensity is then used as a reference to analyze the corrected next water sample light intensity.

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