Intelligent anti-falling early warning device for overhead working personnel of electric power infrastructure construction

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent anti-falling early warning device for electric power infrastructure construction high-altitude operation personnel, and relates to the field of electric power infrastructure construction high-altitude operation, the intelligent anti-falling early warning device comprises a mounting frame, a wearable part, a mounting mechanism, a top guide block, an instability early warning mechanism, a buffer mechanism, a guide mechanism, a traction rope and a connecting buckle, the wearable part is fixedly connected to the mounting frame and used for carrying the device on the trunk of the human body, and the mounting mechanism is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame. According to the intelligent anti-falling early warning device for the electric power infrastructure overhead working personnel, anti-falling front-arrangement is achieved through graded early warning, compared with an existing anti-falling device which only conducts braking and does not conduct early warning, the intelligent anti-falling early warning device can remind the working personnel to adjust the posture in advance, the falling risk is reduced, impact force can be controlled within the safety range through double braking, and secondary damage is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-altitude operations in power infrastructure construction, specifically an intelligent fall prevention and early warning device for high-altitude workers in power infrastructure construction. Background Technology

[0002] High-altitude operations in power infrastructure construction refer to construction work involving heights of 2 meters or more in power engineering construction. They mainly revolve around the installation, erection, inspection, and maintenance of power infrastructure such as transmission lines, substations, and converter stations. They are characterized by high risk, high complexity, and high specialization. Their core objective is to ensure the quality and progress of power infrastructure projects while guaranteeing personnel safety.

[0003] Currently, safety belt acceleration differential fall arresters are commonly used in high-altitude operations such as power infrastructure construction. However, existing safety belt acceleration differential fall arresters only brake when a fall occurs, which cannot prevent instability. Furthermore, the impact force generated by the instantaneous locking of the differential during braking can easily cause injury to personnel.

[0004] To address the problems raised in the background art, those skilled in the art have proposed an intelligent fall prevention and early warning device for high-altitude workers in power infrastructure construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent fall prevention and early warning device for workers performing high-altitude operations in power infrastructure construction, so as to solve the problems of existing intelligent fall prevention and early warning devices for workers performing high-altitude operations in power infrastructure construction.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent fall protection and early warning device for high-altitude workers in power infrastructure construction, comprising a mounting frame, a wearable component, a mounting mechanism, a top guide block, an instability warning mechanism, a buffer mechanism, a guiding mechanism, a traction rope, and a connecting buckle. The mounting frame provides structural support for the entire device. The wearable component is fixedly connected to the mounting frame and is used to carry the device on the back of the human torso. The mounting mechanism is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame and includes a back plate for integrating internal functional modules and a first mounting base and a second mounting base formed on the back plate. The top guide block... Located on the top side of the mounting frame, the instability warning mechanism is mounted on the first mounting base and is used to mechanically sense and warn of human posture instability. The buffer mechanism is mounted on the second mounting base and is used to provide buffer braking when a fall occurs. The guide mechanism is mounted on the back plate surface between the instability warning mechanism and the buffer mechanism. One end of the traction rope is wound inside the buffer mechanism, and the other end passes through the guide mechanism set on the back plate surface and the top guide block on the top side of the mounting frame in sequence, and is used to connect to the external fixed hanging point. The connecting buckle is set at the shoulder position of the mounting frame and is used to snap with the wearable device.

[0007] Preferably, the mounting mechanism further includes an arc-shaped plate, bolt holes, and a first through slot. The arc-shaped plate is located on both sides of the back plate to conform to the user's body curve. The bolt holes are located on the surfaces of the first mounting base and the second mounting base. The first through slot is located on the surface of the first mounting base and penetrates through the first mounting base and the back plate.

[0008] Preferably, the instability warning mechanism includes a first mounting housing, a universal joint, a rotating shaft, a connecting rod, a return spring, an eccentric block, and a warning triggering component. A first mounting member is provided on the side of the first mounting housing, and the first mounting housing is connected to a first mounting base via the first mounting member. The universal joint is fixed inside the first mounting housing. A connector is provided at the lower end of the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is connected to the universal joint via the connector. The rotating shaft passes through the universal joint and the connector, and is rotatably connected to the inner side of the first mounting housing. The eccentric block is fixed to the upper end of the connecting rod. The return spring is sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod, and the return spring is used to keep the connecting rod and the eccentric block vertical. The warning triggering component is configured to trigger a mechanical warning action when the connecting rod swings beyond a preset threshold due to the tilt of a human body.

[0009] Preferably, the warning triggering component includes a primary warning unit and a secondary warning unit. The primary warning unit includes a cam, a tactile feedback push rod, a tactile feedback block, a rotating component, a side block, an auxiliary spring, and a second through slot. The cam is fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating shaft. The tactile feedback push rod is located on both sides of the cam. The second through slot is opened on the side of the first mounting housing, and the second through slot corresponds to the position of the first through slot. The tactile feedback push rod is located in the first through slot. The rotating component is located at the top and bottom of the tactile feedback push rod, and the tactile feedback push rod is rotatably connected to the second through slot through the rotating component. The tactile feedback block is located in the first through slot, and the tactile feedback block is rotatably connected to the tactile feedback push rod. The side block is located inside the first mounting housing. The auxiliary spring is located on the side of the side block near the tactile feedback push rod, and the two ends of the auxiliary spring abut against the tactile feedback push rod and the side block, respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the secondary early warning unit includes a pressure feedback rod, a rotating support rod, a pressure spring, a pressure sensor, and a placement plate. The placement plate is located inside the first mounting housing. The pressure feedback rod is located on the side of the connecting rod. The rotating support rod is located on the side of the first mounting housing and is fixedly connected to the pressure feedback rod. The rotating support rod is rotatably connected to the first mounting housing. The pressure sensor is located on the top of the placement plate. The pressure spring is located on the pressure sensor. The long end of the pressure feedback rod contacts the connecting rod, and the short end of the pressure feedback rod contacts the top of the pressure spring.

[0011] Preferably, the buffer mechanism includes a positioning housing, a second mounting housing, a second mounting component, a rope inlet hole, a rope outlet hole, a rotating shaft, a drum, a coil spring, a centrifugal mechanical braking assembly, and an eddy current braking assembly. The positioning housing is located on the second mounting base and is fixedly connected to the second mounting base via the second mounting component. The second mounting housing is connected to the positioning housing via the second mounting component. The rotating shaft is rotatably supported on the second mounting housing. The drum is fixed on the rotating shaft and used to wind the traction rope. The coil spring is located at one end of the rotating shaft and used to provide rope winding torque. The rope inlet hole is located at the bottom of the second mounting housing, and the rope outlet hole is located at the top of the second mounting housing. Both the rope inlet hole and the rope outlet hole are used for the normal winding and unwinding of the traction rope.

[0012] Preferably, the centrifugal mechanical braking assembly includes a brake disc, a brake sleeve, a mounting groove, a centrifugal block, a tension spring, and a friction plate. The brake disc is fixedly sleeved onto the surface of the rotating shaft. A brake sleeve is provided on the outer periphery of the brake disc. The brake disc is located inside the brake sleeve. One end of the brake sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second mounting housing. The mounting groove is formed on the circumferential side wall of the brake disc. The centrifugal block is located in the mounting groove. The tension spring is located between the mounting groove and the centrifugal block. Both ends of the tension spring abut against the mounting groove and the centrifugal block, respectively. The friction plate is located on the side of the centrifugal block away from the tension spring.

[0013] Preferably, the eddy current braking assembly includes a protective sleeve, a mounting rod, a permanent magnet array, and a conductor disk. The protective sleeve is located on the side of the braking sleeve away from the second mounting housing. The mounting rod is located between the protective sleeve and the braking sleeve. The permanent magnet array is located inside the protective sleeve. The conductor disk is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft. The conductor disk and the permanent magnet array are arranged in a non-contact manner opposite each other. The conductor disk is a copper or aluminum disc. The permanent magnet array is composed of multiple circumferentially arranged neodymium iron boron magnets.

[0014] Preferably, the guiding mechanism includes a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate, and a guide wheel. The first mounting plate is located between the instability warning mechanism and the buffer mechanism, and the first mounting plate is fixedly connected to the back plate. The second mounting plate is located at the end of the first mounting plate away from the back plate. There are two second mounting plates, and a guide wheel is rotatably connected between the two second mounting plates. The guide wheel is used to guide the traction rope.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. This invention uses an eccentric block to detect when a worker's center of gravity shifts in the first instant. Due to inertia and gravity, the eccentric block causes the connecting rod to swing around the pivot of the universal joint seat. The pivot simultaneously drives the cam to rotate. When the tilt angle reaches the first-level warning threshold, the protruding part of the cam will push the tactile feedback rod, causing the rod to rotate around the rotating component. The tactile feedback block at its top extends along the first and second through slots, lightly touching the worker's back. This tactile feedback does not rely on electricity and can be accurately perceived by workers even in noisy environments such as substations and transmission towers. Compared with sound warnings, which are easily masked by environmental noise, and light warnings, which are not obvious under strong light, tactile warnings are more reliable. When the worker adjusts their posture and returns to vertical, the reset spring drives the connecting rod and eccentric block to reset, the cam returns to center, and the auxiliary spring pulls the tactile feedback rod back, completing the warning reset.

[0017] 2. This invention uses a pressure feedback push rod to provide further early warning of the worker's center of gravity shift. When the worker's tilt angle exceeds the first-level threshold and approaches instability, the swing amplitude of the connecting rod increases further. The connecting rod pushes the long end of the pressure feedback push rod, causing it to rotate around the rotating support rod. At this time, the short end of the pressure feedback push rod presses down on the pressure spring, which transmits the pressure to the pressure sensor. When the pressure value reaches a preset threshold (e.g., 5N), the sensor triggers an audible and visual alarm: emitting a buzzer alarm of ≥90dB, while a red LED flashes. This secondary warning not only provides a strong warning to the worker but also alerts nearby companions to provide timely assistance, forming a dual safety guarantee of "personal perception + companion collaboration." In addition, the signal from the pressure sensor can be transmitted to a ground monitoring terminal via a wireless module to achieve remote real-time monitoring, further reducing the risk of falls.

[0018] 3. When a fall occurs, the worker falls rapidly, and the traction rope is pulled out of the drum at high speed, causing the drum and the rotating shaft to rotate synchronously at high speed. At this time, the brake disc rotates at high speed with the rotating shaft, and the centrifugal block overcomes the tension of the tension spring under the action of centrifugal force and is thrown out from the mounting groove until the friction plate is in close contact with the inner wall of the brake sleeve. The sliding friction force generated between the friction plate and the brake sleeve will form a reverse braking torque on the brake disc, forcibly reducing the rotation speed of the brake disc and the rotating shaft, thereby reducing the rope release speed of the drum. The response time from "fall occurrence" to "initial deceleration" is ≤0.1s, which can quickly curb the high-speed pull-out of the traction rope and prevent the fall speed from increasing further.

[0019] 4. This invention allows the conductor disk to continue rotating within the magnetic field of the permanent magnet array after the rotational speed of the rotating shaft decreases. As the conductor disk cuts the magnetic field lines, eddy currents are generated inside it. These eddy currents are subjected to Ampere force in the magnetic field, and the direction of this Ampere force is opposite to the rotation direction of the conductor disk, forming an "eddy current braking torque." This braking torque continuously and smoothly hinders the rotation of the rotating shaft, causing the unwinding speed of the drum to decrease further until it stops completely. Compared with the traditional pure mechanical braking "instantaneous locking," the "centrifugal + eddy current" dual braking can control the maximum impact force, significantly reducing the impact on the waist and chest of the workers and avoiding secondary injuries such as internal organ damage or fractures. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the mounting frame, the instability warning mechanism, and the buffer mechanism in this invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a front view of the mounting frame in this invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the mounting frame in this invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first mounting housing in this invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the instability early warning mechanism in this invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first mounting housing in this invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the buffer component in this invention;

[0029] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 1. Mounting frame; 2. Wearable component; 3. Mounting mechanism; 301. Back plate; 302. Arc plate; 303. First mounting base; 304. Second mounting base; 305. Bolt hole; 306. First through slot; 4. Top guide block; 5. Instability warning mechanism; 501. First mounting housing; 502. First mounting component; 503. Universal hinge seat; 504. Connector; 505. Rotating shaft; 506. Connecting rod; 507. Return spring; 508. Eccentric block; 509. Pressure feedback push rod; 510. Rotating support rod; 511. Pressure spring; 512. Placement plate; 513. Pressure sensor; 514. Cam; 515. Tactile feedback push rod; 516. Tactile feedback block; 5 17. Rotating component; 518. Side block; 519. Auxiliary spring; 520. Second through slot; 6. Buffer mechanism; 601. Positioning housing; 602. Second mounting housing; 603. Second mounting component; 604. Rope inlet hole; 605. Rope outlet hole; 606. Drum; 607. Rotating shaft; 608. Brake disc; 609. Coil spring; 610. Brake sleeve; 611. Mounting rod; 612. Protective sleeve; 613. Permanent magnet array; 614. Conductor disc; 615. Mounting slot; 616. Centrifugal block; 617. Tension spring; 618. Friction plate; 7. Guide mechanism; 701. First mounting plate; 702. Second mounting plate; 703. Guide wheel; 8. Traction rope; 9. Connecting buckle. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 9 As shown:

[0034] Example 1: This invention provides an intelligent fall protection and early warning device for high-altitude workers in power infrastructure construction, including a mounting frame 1, a wearable component 2, a mounting mechanism 3, a top guide block 4, an instability warning mechanism 5, a buffer mechanism 6, a guiding mechanism 7, a traction rope 8, and a connecting buckle 9. The mounting frame 1 provides structural support for the entire device. The wearable component 2 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 1 and is used to carry the device on the human torso. The mounting mechanism 3 is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 1 and includes a back plate 301 for integrating internal functional modules and a first mounting base 303 and a second mounting base 304 formed on the back plate 301. The top guide block 4 is located at... On the top side of the mounting frame 1, an instability warning mechanism 5 is mounted on the first mounting base 303 to mechanically sense and warn of human posture instability. A buffer mechanism 6 is mounted on the second mounting base 304 to provide buffer braking in the event of a fall. A guide mechanism 7 is mounted on the surface of the back plate 301 between the instability warning mechanism 5 and the buffer mechanism 6. One end of the traction rope 8 is wound inside the buffer mechanism 6, and the other end passes through the guide mechanism 7 on the surface of the back plate 301 and the top guide block 4 on the top side of the mounting frame 1, and is used to connect to the external fixing point. A connecting buckle 9 is located at the shoulder position of the mounting frame 1 to engage with the wearable part 2.

[0035] The mounting frame 1 is made of high-strength 6061 aluminum alloy and processed by T6 heat treatment. This ensures sufficient structural strength to withstand the impact of a fall while also being lightweight to avoid increasing the burden on the worker's torso. The wearable device 2 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 1. The main body is made of double-layer wear-resistant nylon webbing with breathable mesh fabric on the inside, which ensures load-bearing safety while improving comfort during long-term wear. The connecting buckle 9 at the shoulder position is made of engineering plastic PA66 + glass fiber reinforced material, which has good aging resistance and insulation. After being fastened, it can stably fix the device to the human torso and prevent the device from shifting during operation.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mounting mechanism 3 further includes an arc-shaped plate 302, bolt holes 305 and a first through groove 306. The arc-shaped plate 302 is located on both sides of the back plate 301 and is used to conform to the body curve of the user. The bolt holes 305 are located on the surfaces of the first mounting base 303 and the second mounting base 304. The first through groove 306 is located on the surface of the first mounting base 303 and passes through the first mounting base 303 and the back plate 301.

[0037] The backplate 301 is made of carbon fiber composite material, which is both lightweight and resistant to the erosion of complex outdoor environments. The curved plates 302 on both sides of the backplate 301 are made of elastic polyurethane material, which can adaptively fit the torso curves of different workers, reduce the gap between the device and the body during operation, and prevent shaking. The first mounting base 303 and the second mounting base 304 are fixed to the backplate 301 by stainless steel bolts. The inner wall of the bolt hole 305 is provided with a copper bushing to prevent repeated disassembly and assembly from causing thread wear. The first through groove 306 runs through the base and the backplate 301 and is rounded to prevent the components of the subsequent warning assembly from being scratched by the edges when they move.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the guiding mechanism 7 includes a first mounting plate 701, a second mounting plate 702, and a guide wheel 703. The first mounting plate 701 is located between the instability warning mechanism 5 and the buffer mechanism 6, and the first mounting plate 701 is fixedly connected to the back plate 301. The second mounting plate 702 is located at the end of the first mounting plate 701 away from the back plate 301. Two second mounting plates 702 are provided, and the guide wheel 703 is rotatably connected between the two second mounting plates 702. The guide wheel 703 is used to guide the traction rope 8.

[0039] Both the first mounting plate 701 and the second mounting plate 702 are made of 5052 aluminum alloy and are fixed to the back plate 301 by welding. The weld joints are polished to ensure flatness and prevent snagging on work clothes. The guide wheel 703, which is rotatably connected between the two second mounting plates 702, is made of glass fiber reinforced PA66 engineering plastic. The inner wall of the wheel groove is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene to further reduce the coefficient of friction between the traction rope 8 and the wheel groove. The shaft 505 of the guide wheel 703 is made of 304 stainless steel and coated with long-lasting grease to ensure that the guide wheel 703 can rotate smoothly when the traction rope 8 is pulled.

[0040] After the traction rope 8 is led out from the drum 606 of the buffer mechanism 6, it first passes through the groove of the guide wheel 703, and then connects to the external fixed hanging point (such as the angle steel of the transmission tower or the hook of the maintenance platform) through the guide block at the top of the mounting frame 1. The core function of the guide wheel 703 is to change the direction of force on the traction rope 8, so that the traction rope 8 always moves along the straight path of "buffer mechanism 6-guide wheel 703-top guide block 4", avoiding direct contact and friction between the traction rope 8 and components such as the back plate 301 and the mounting base. This can significantly reduce the wear rate of the traction rope 8 and ensure that the tension of the traction rope 8 can be stably transmitted to the buffer mechanism 6, avoiding uneven force during buffer braking due to rope deviation.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, the instability warning mechanism 5 includes a first mounting housing 501, a universal hinge seat 503, a rotating shaft 505, a connecting rod 506, a return spring 507, an eccentric block 508, and a warning trigger assembly. A first mounting member 502 is provided on the side of the first mounting housing 501, and the first mounting housing 501 is connected to a first mounting base 303 via the first mounting member 502. The universal hinge seat 503 is fixed inside the first mounting housing 501. A connector 504 is provided at the lower end of the connecting rod 506, connecting... The rod 506 is connected to the universal joint seat 503 via the connector 504. The rotating shaft 505 passes through the universal joint seat 503 and the connector 504 and is rotatably connected to the inside of the first mounting housing 501. The eccentric block 508 is fixed to the upper end of the connecting rod 506. The return spring 507 is sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod 506. The return spring 507 is used to keep the connecting rod 506 and the eccentric block 508 vertical. The warning triggering component is configured to trigger a mechanical warning action when the connecting rod 506 swings beyond a preset threshold due to the tilt of the human body.

[0042] The first mounting housing 501 is made of insulating ABS engineering plastic, which can effectively isolate induced electricity during power operations and protect internal components. The universal hinge seat 503 inside the housing is made of tin bronze, and the connecting rod 506 is made of 40Cr high-strength steel. The two are connected by a stainless steel rotating shaft 505 to ensure that there is no jamming during rotation. The eccentric block 508 is made of high-density tungsten alloy, and its center of gravity is concentrated, which can sensitively detect the slight tilt of the human body posture. The return spring 507 is made of 65Mn spring steel and is sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod 506. One end abuts against the universal hinge seat 503, and the other end abuts against the bottom of the eccentric block 508. Under normal conditions, the connecting rod 506 and the eccentric block 508 can be kept in a vertical state to ensure the stability of the posture sensing benchmark.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, the warning triggering component includes a primary warning unit and a secondary warning unit. The primary warning unit includes a cam 514, a tactile feedback push rod 515, a tactile feedback block 516, a rotating member 517, a side block 518, an auxiliary spring 519, and a second through slot 520. The cam 514 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating shaft 505. The tactile feedback push rod 515 is located on both sides of the cam 514. The second through slot 520 is opened on the side of the first mounting housing 501, and the second through slot 520 corresponds to the position of the first through slot 306. The tactile feedback push rod 515... Located within the first through slot 306, the rotating member 517 is located at the top and bottom of the tactile feedback rod 515, and the tactile feedback rod 515 is rotatably connected to the second through slot 520 through the rotating member 517. The tactile feedback block 516 is located within the first through slot 306, and the tactile feedback block 516 is rotatably connected to the tactile feedback rod 515. The side block 518 is located inside the first mounting housing 501. The auxiliary spring 519 is located on the side of the side block 518 near the tactile feedback rod 515, and the two ends of the auxiliary spring 519 abut against the tactile feedback rod 515 and the side block 518, respectively.

[0044] Cam 514 is made of 45 steel and hardened to ensure no wear during long-term rotation; tactile feedback push rod 515 is made of 6063 aluminum alloy, and the tactile feedback block 516 at the top is made of soft silicone rubber to avoid stinging when in contact with the human body; auxiliary spring 519 is also made of 65Mn spring steel, which presses the tactile feedback push rod 515 tightly against the edge of cam 514 under normal conditions.

[0045] When a worker slightly tilts due to missteps or shift in center of gravity, the eccentric block 508, due to inertia and gravity, will cause the connecting rod 506 to swing around the pivot 505 of the universal joint seat 503. The pivot 505 will simultaneously drive the cam 514 to rotate. When the tilt angle reaches the first-level warning threshold, the protruding part of the cam 514 will push the tactile feedback rod 515, causing the rod to rotate around the rotating part 517. The tactile feedback block 516 at its top extends along the first through groove 306 and the second through groove 520, lightly touching the worker's back. This tactile feedback does not rely on electricity, and even in noisy environments such as substations and transmission towers, workers can accurately perceive it. Compared with the problem that sound warnings are easily masked by environmental noise and light warnings are not obvious under strong light, tactile warnings are more reliable. When the worker adjusts his posture and returns to vertical, the reset spring 507 drives the connecting rod 506 and the eccentric block 508 to reset, the cam 514 returns to center, and the auxiliary spring 519 pulls the tactile feedback rod 515 back, completing the warning reset.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, the secondary warning unit includes a pressure feedback rod 509, a rotating support rod 510, a pressure spring 511, a pressure sensor 513, and a placement plate 512. The placement plate 512 is located inside the first mounting housing 501. The pressure feedback rod 509 is located on the side of the connecting rod 506. The rotating support rod 510 is located on the side of the first mounting housing 501 and is fixedly connected to the pressure feedback rod 509. The rotating support rod 510 is rotatably connected to the first mounting housing 501. The pressure sensor 513 is located on the top of the placement plate 512. The pressure spring 511 is located on the pressure sensor 513. The long end of the pressure feedback rod 509 contacts the connecting rod 506, and the short end of the pressure feedback rod 509 contacts the top of the pressure spring 511. The unit also includes an audible and visual alarm, which is located on the shoulder of the wearable device 2.

[0047] The pressure feedback rod 509 is made of 7075 aluminum alloy, the rotating support rod 510 is made of 304 stainless steel, the pressure spring 511 is made of precision spring steel, the placement plate 512 is made of flame-retardant ABS plastic, which meets the fire prevention requirements for power operations, and the pressure sensor 513 is a MEMS high-temperature resistant pressure sensor 513, which is connected to the audible and visual alarm through wires.

[0048] When the tilt angle of the worker exceeds the first-level threshold and approaches instability, the swing amplitude of the connecting rod 506 increases further. The connecting rod 506 will push the long end of the pressure feedback rod 509, causing the pressure feedback rod 509 to rotate around the rotating support rod 510. At this time, the short end of the pressure feedback rod 509 will press down on the pressure spring 511. The spring will transmit the pressure to the pressure sensor 513. When the pressure value reaches the preset threshold (e.g., 5N), the sensor will trigger an audible and visual alarm: emitting a buzzer alarm of ≥90dB, while the red LED light flashes. This secondary warning not only provides a strong warning to the worker but also reminds the surrounding companions to provide timely assistance, forming a dual safety guarantee of "personal perception + companion collaboration". In addition, the signal of the pressure sensor 513 can be transmitted to the ground monitoring terminal through a wireless module to realize remote real-time monitoring, further reducing the risk of fall.

[0049] Example 2: This example is basically the same as the previous example, except that the buffer mechanism 6 includes a positioning housing 601, a second mounting housing 602, a second mounting member 603, a rope inlet hole 604, a rope outlet hole 605, a rotating shaft 607, a drum 606, a coil spring 609, a centrifugal mechanical braking assembly, and an eddy current braking assembly. The positioning housing 601 is located on the second mounting base 304, and the positioning housing 601 is fixedly connected to the second mounting base 304 through the second mounting member 603. Body 602 is connected to positioning housing 601 via second mounting member 603. Rotating shaft 607 is rotatably supported on second mounting housing 602. Drum 606 is fixed on rotating shaft 607 for winding traction rope 8. Coil spring 609 is provided at one end of rotating shaft 607 for providing rope winding torque. Rope inlet hole 604 is opened at the bottom of second mounting housing 602, and rope outlet hole 605 is opened at the top of second mounting housing 602. Both rope inlet hole 604 and rope outlet hole 605 are used for normal winding and unwinding of traction rope 8.

[0050] Both the positioning housing 601 and the second mounting housing 602 are made of high-strength cast aluminum alloy, which has high strength and impact resistance after aging treatment, and also has good insulation properties. The rotating shaft 607 is made of 20CrMnTi alloy steel, which can withstand the torque during high-speed rotation. The drum 606 is made of seamless steel pipe with chrome plating, which is both corrosion-resistant and reduces wear when the traction rope 8 is wound. The coil spring 609 is made of flat wire spring steel, and the initial preload is adjustable. Under normal conditions, it can tightly wind the traction rope 8 around the drum 606 to keep the rope taut. The traction rope 8 is made of aramid fiber rope, which is lightweight, wear-resistant, and aging-resistant. It has no metal conductor, which avoids the generation of induced current under high pressure. The edges of the rope inlet hole 604 and the rope outlet hole 605 are equipped with wear-resistant nylon bushings and rounded to prevent the traction rope 8 from being cut and worn by the edge of the hole when pulled out at high speed.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, the centrifugal mechanical braking assembly includes a brake disc 608, a brake sleeve 610, a mounting groove 615, a centrifugal block 616, a tension spring 617, and a friction plate 618. The brake disc 608 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the rotating shaft 607. The brake sleeve 610 is provided on the outer periphery of the brake disc 608. The brake disc 608 is located inside the brake sleeve 610. One end of the brake sleeve 610 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second mounting housing 602. The mounting groove 615 is opened on the circumferential side wall of the brake disc 608. The centrifugal block 616 is located inside the mounting groove 615. The tension spring 617 is located between the mounting groove 615 and the centrifugal block 616. The two ends of the tension spring 617 abut against the mounting groove 615 and the centrifugal block 616, respectively. The friction plate 618 is located on the side of the centrifugal block 616 away from the tension spring 617.

[0052] The brake disc 608 is forged from 45# steel and its hardness and toughness are balanced after quenching and tempering. The brake sleeve 610 is made of gray cast iron with a smooth inner wall to ensure a good fit with the friction pad 618. The centrifugal block 616 is made of high-density cast iron and is evenly distributed circumferentially in the mounting groove 615 of the brake disc 608. The tension spring 617 is a stainless steel spring that tightens the centrifugal block 616 in the mounting groove 615 under normal conditions. The friction pad 618 is made of asbestos-free environmentally friendly friction material that is resistant to high temperatures and has a stable coefficient of friction.

[0053] When the fall occurs, the worker falls rapidly, and the traction rope 8 is pulled out of the drum 606 at high speed, causing the drum 606 and the rotating shaft 607 to rotate synchronously at high speed. At this time, the brake disc 608 rotates at high speed with the rotating shaft 607. Under the action of centrifugal force, the centrifugal block 616 overcomes the tension of the tension spring 617 and is thrown outward from the mounting groove 615 until the friction plate 618 is in close contact with the inner wall of the brake sleeve 610. The sliding friction generated between the friction plate 618 and the brake sleeve 610 will form a reverse braking torque on the brake disc 608, forcibly reducing the rotation speed of the brake disc 608 and the rotating shaft 607, thereby reducing the rope release speed of the drum 606. The response time from "fall occurrence" to "initial deceleration" is ≤0.1s, which can quickly curb the high-speed pull-out of the traction rope 8 and prevent the fall speed from increasing further.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present invention, the eddy current braking assembly includes a protective sleeve 612, a mounting rod 611, a permanent magnet array 613, and a conductor disk 614. The protective sleeve 612 is located on the side of the braking sleeve 610 away from the second mounting housing 602. The mounting rod 611 is located between the protective sleeve 612 and the braking sleeve 610. The permanent magnet array 613 is located inside the protective sleeve 612. The conductor disk 614 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 607. The conductor disk 614 and the permanent magnet array 613 are arranged in a non-contact manner opposite to each other. The conductor disk 614 is a copper or aluminum disc. The permanent magnet array 613 is composed of a plurality of circumferentially arranged neodymium iron boron magnets.

[0055] The protective sleeve 612 is made of insulating ABS plastic, which can protect the internal components from rain and dust intrusion; the mounting rod 611 is made of 304 stainless steel and is circumferentially fixed between the protective sleeve 612 and the brake sleeve 610 to support the protective sleeve 612; the permanent magnet array 613 is composed of N35 neodymium iron boron magnets arranged circumferentially (a total of 12 pieces, with opposite poles facing each other), forming a uniform radial magnetic field; the conductor disk 614 is a copper disc, which is fixedly sleeved at the end of the rotating shaft 607, maintaining a gap of 1-2mm with the permanent magnet array 613;

[0056] When the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 607 decreases under centrifugal braking, the conductor disk 614 continues to rotate in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet array 613 along with the rotating shaft 607. As the conductor disk 614 cuts the magnetic field lines, eddy currents are generated inside it. The eddy currents are subjected to Ampere force in the magnetic field. The direction of this Ampere force is opposite to the rotation direction of the conductor disk 614, forming an "eddy current braking torque". This braking torque will continuously and steadily resist the rotation of the rotating shaft 607, causing the rope unloading speed of the drum 606 to decrease further until it stops completely. Compared with the traditional pure mechanical braking "instantaneous locking", the "centrifugal + eddy current" dual braking can control the maximum impact force to within 3kN (complies with the requirements of GB 24544-2009 "Fall Protection Speed ​​Difference Controller"), significantly reducing the impact on the waist and chest of the workers and avoiding secondary injuries such as internal organ damage or fractures. At the same time, eddy current braking is a non-contact braking with no friction loss.

[0057] Working principle: The worker wears the device on the torso, fastens the shoulder connecting buckle 9, and adjusts the tightness of the wearing part 2; the free end of the traction rope 8 is led out through the top guide block 4 and connected to the external fixed hanging point at the power infrastructure site (it is necessary to confirm that the hanging point has a load-bearing capacity of ≥5kN); check whether the power of the audible and visual alarm and the pressure sensor 513 are normal, and ensure that all components are not loose;

[0058] The coil spring 609 keeps the traction rope 8 taut, and the guide wheel 703 guides the direction of the rope to avoid wear; the eccentric block 508 and the connecting rod 506 of the instability warning mechanism 5 remain vertical under the action of the reset spring 507, and no warning is triggered.

[0059] When a worker slightly tilts due to missteps or shift in center of gravity, the eccentric block 508, due to inertia and gravity, will cause the connecting rod 506 to swing around the pivot 505 of the universal joint seat 503. The pivot 505 will simultaneously drive the cam 514 to rotate. When the tilt angle reaches the first-level warning threshold, the protruding part of the cam 514 will push the tactile feedback rod 515, causing the rod to rotate around the rotating part 517. The tactile feedback block 516 at its top extends along the first through groove 306 and the second through groove 520, lightly touching the worker's back. This tactile feedback does not rely on electricity, and even in noisy environments such as substations and transmission towers, workers can accurately perceive it. Compared with the problem that sound warnings are easily masked by environmental noise and light warnings are not obvious under strong light, tactile warnings are more reliable. When the worker adjusts his posture and returns to vertical, the reset spring 507 drives the connecting rod 506 and the eccentric block 508 to reset, the cam 514 returns to center, and the auxiliary spring 519 pulls the tactile feedback rod 515 back, completing the warning reset.

[0060] When the tilt angle of the worker exceeds the first-level threshold and approaches instability, the swing amplitude of the connecting rod 506 increases further. The connecting rod 506 will push the long end of the pressure feedback rod 509, causing the pressure feedback rod 509 to rotate around the rotating support rod 510. At this time, the short end of the pressure feedback rod 509 will press down on the pressure spring 511. The spring will transmit the pressure to the pressure sensor 513. When the pressure value reaches the preset threshold (e.g., 5N), the sensor will trigger the audible and visual alarm: emitting a buzzer alarm of ≥90dB, while the red LED light flashes. This secondary warning not only provides a strong warning to the worker but also reminds the surrounding companions to provide timely assistance, forming a dual safety guarantee of "personal perception + companion collaboration". In addition, the signal of the pressure sensor 513 can be transmitted to the ground monitoring terminal through the wireless module to realize remote real-time monitoring and further reduce the risk of fall.

[0061] When a fall occurs, the worker falls rapidly, and the traction rope 8 is pulled out of the drum 606 at high speed, causing the drum 606 and the rotating shaft 607 to rotate synchronously at high speed. At this time, the brake disc 608 rotates at high speed with the rotating shaft 607, and the centrifugal block 616 overcomes the tension of the tension spring 617 under the action of centrifugal force and is thrown out from the mounting groove 615 until the friction plate 618 is in close contact with the inner wall of the brake sleeve 610. The sliding friction generated between the friction plate 618 and the brake sleeve 610 will form a reverse braking torque on the brake disc 608, forcibly reducing the rotation speed of the brake disc 608 and the rotating shaft 607, thereby reducing the rope release speed of the drum 606. The response time from "fall occurrence" to "initial deceleration" is ≤0.1s, which can quickly curb the high-speed pull-out of the traction rope 8 and prevent the fall speed from increasing further.

[0062] When the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 607 decreases under centrifugal braking, the conductor disk 614 continues to rotate in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet array 613 along with the rotating shaft 607. As the conductor disk 614 cuts the magnetic field lines, eddy currents are generated inside it. The eddy currents are subjected to Ampere force in the magnetic field. The direction of this Ampere force is opposite to the rotation direction of the conductor disk 614, forming an "eddy current braking torque". This braking torque will continuously and steadily resist the rotation of the rotating shaft 607, causing the rope release speed of the drum 606 to decrease further until it stops completely. Compared with the traditional pure mechanical braking "instantaneous locking", the "centrifugal + eddy current" dual braking can control the maximum impact force to within 3kN (complies with the requirements of GB24544-2009 "Fall Protection Speed ​​Difference Controller"), significantly reducing the impact on the waist and chest of the workers and avoiding secondary injuries such as internal organ damage or fractures.

[0063] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent fall prevention and early warning device for high-altitude workers in power infrastructure construction, characterized in that: The device includes a mounting frame (1), a wearable component (2), a mounting mechanism (3), a top guide block (4), an instability warning mechanism (5), a buffer mechanism (6), a guide mechanism (7), a traction rope (8), and a connecting buckle (9). The mounting frame (1) provides structural support for the entire device. The wearable component (2) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (1) and is used to carry the device on the human torso. The mounting mechanism (3) is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame (1). The mounting mechanism (3) includes a back plate (301) for integrating internal functional modules and a first mounting base (303) and a second mounting base (304) formed on the back plate (301). The top guide block (4) is located on the top side of the mounting frame (1). The instability warning mechanism (5) is a buffer mechanism (6), a guide mechanism (7), a traction rope (8), and a connecting buckle (9). The warning mechanism (5) is installed on the first mounting base (303) and is used to mechanically sense human posture imbalance and provide warning. The buffer mechanism (6) is installed on the second mounting base (304) and is used to provide buffer braking when a fall occurs. The guide mechanism (7) is installed on the surface of the back plate (301) between the instability warning mechanism (5) and the buffer mechanism (6). One end of the traction rope (8) is wound inside the buffer mechanism (6), and the other end passes through the guide mechanism (7) and the top guide block (4) on the top side of the mounting frame (1) on the surface of the back plate (301) in sequence, and is used to connect to the external fixed hanging point. The connecting buckle (9) is set at the shoulder position of the mounting frame (1) and is used to engage with the wearable part (2).

2. The intelligent fall prevention and early warning device for high-altitude workers in power infrastructure construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting mechanism (3) further includes an arc plate (302), bolt holes (305) and a first through groove (306). The arc plate (302) is located on both sides of the back plate (301) to conform to the user's body curve. The bolt holes (305) are located on the surfaces of the first mounting base (303) and the second mounting base (304). The first through groove (306) is located on the surface of the first mounting base (303) and penetrates the first mounting base (303) and the back plate (301).

3. The intelligent fall prevention and early warning device for high-altitude workers in power infrastructure construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The instability warning mechanism (5) includes a first mounting housing (501), a universal hinge seat (503), a rotating shaft (505), a connecting rod (506), a return spring (507), an eccentric block (508), and a warning triggering assembly. A first mounting component (502) is provided on the side of the first mounting housing (501). The first mounting housing (501) is connected to a first mounting base (303) via the first mounting component (502). The universal hinge seat (503) is fixed inside the first mounting housing (501). A connector (504) is provided at the lower end of the connecting rod (506). 6) The shaft (505) is connected to the universal joint seat (503) via the connector (504), and passes through the universal joint seat (503) and the connector (504), and is rotatably connected to the inside of the first mounting housing (501). The eccentric block (508) is fixed to the upper end of the connecting rod (506). The return spring (507) is sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod (506). The return spring (507) is used to keep the connecting rod (506) and the eccentric block (508) vertical. The warning triggering component is configured to trigger a mechanical warning action when the connecting rod (506) swings beyond a preset threshold due to the tilt of the human body.

4. The intelligent fall prevention and early warning device for high-altitude workers in power infrastructure construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The warning triggering component includes a primary warning unit and a secondary warning unit. The primary warning unit includes a cam (514), a tactile feedback push rod (515), a tactile feedback block (516), a rotating component (517), a side block (518), an auxiliary spring (519), and a second through slot (520). The cam (514) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the rotating shaft (505). The tactile feedback push rod (515) is located on both sides of the cam (514). The second through slot (520) is opened on the side of the first mounting housing (501), and the second through slot (520) corresponds to the position of the first through slot (306). The tactile feedback push rod (515) is located in the first through slot (306). Inside 06), the rotating member (517) is located at the top and bottom of the tactile feedback top rod (515), and the tactile feedback top rod (515) is rotatably connected to the second through groove (520) through the rotating member (517). The tactile feedback block (516) is located in the first through groove (306), and the tactile feedback block (516) is rotatably connected to the tactile feedback top rod (515). The side block (518) is located inside the first mounting housing (501). The auxiliary spring (519) is located on the side of the side block (518) close to the tactile feedback top rod (515). The two ends of the auxiliary spring (519) abut against the tactile feedback top rod (515) and the side block (518) respectively.

5. The intelligent fall prevention and early warning device for high-altitude workers in power infrastructure construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The secondary early warning unit includes a pressure feedback rod (509), a rotating support rod (510), a pressure spring (511), a pressure sensor (513), and a placement plate (512). The placement plate (512) is located inside the first mounting housing (501). The pressure feedback rod (509) is located on the side of the mounting rod (611). The rotating support rod (510) is located on the side of the first mounting housing (501) and is fixedly connected to the pressure feedback rod (509). The rotating support rod (510) is rotatably connected to the first mounting housing (501). The pressure sensor (513) is located on the top of the placement plate (512). The pressure spring (511) is located on the pressure sensor (513). The long end of the pressure feedback rod (509) contacts the mounting rod (611), and the short end of the pressure feedback rod (509) contacts the top of the pressure spring (511).

6. The intelligent fall prevention and early warning device for high-altitude workers in power infrastructure construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer mechanism (6) includes a positioning housing (601), a second mounting housing (602), a second mounting component (603), a rope inlet hole (604), a rope outlet hole (605), a rotating shaft (607), a drum (606), a coil spring (609), a centrifugal mechanical braking assembly, and an eddy current braking assembly. The positioning housing (601) is located on the second mounting base (304), and the positioning housing (601) is fixedly connected to the second mounting base (304) via the second mounting component (603). The second mounting housing (602) is connected to the second mounting component (603). Connected to the positioning housing (601), the rotating shaft (607) is rotatably supported on the second mounting housing (602). The drum (606) is fixed on the rotating shaft (607) and used to wind the traction rope (8). The coil spring (609) is located at one end of the rotating shaft (607) and used to provide the rope winding torque. The rope inlet hole (604) is opened at the bottom of the second mounting housing (602), and the rope outlet hole (605) is opened at the top of the second mounting housing (602). Both the rope inlet hole (604) and the rope outlet hole (605) are used for the normal winding and unwinding of the traction rope (8).

7. The intelligent fall prevention and early warning device for high-altitude workers in power infrastructure construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The centrifugal mechanical braking assembly includes a brake disc (608), a brake sleeve (610), a mounting groove (615), a centrifugal block (616), a tension spring (617), and a friction plate (618). The brake disc (608) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the rotating shaft (607). The brake sleeve (610) is provided on the outer periphery of the brake disc (608). The brake disc (608) is located inside the brake sleeve (610). One end of the brake sleeve (610) is connected to the second mounting housing (607). 2) The inner wall is fixedly connected. The mounting groove (615) is opened on the circumferential side wall of the brake disc (608). The centrifugal block (616) is located in the mounting groove (615). The tension spring (617) is located between the mounting groove (615) and the centrifugal block (616). The two ends of the tension spring (617) abut against the mounting groove (615) and the centrifugal block (616) respectively. The friction plate (618) is located on the side of the centrifugal block (616) away from the tension spring (617).

8. The intelligent fall prevention and early warning device for high-altitude workers in power infrastructure construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The eddy current braking assembly includes a protective sleeve (612), a mounting rod (611), a permanent magnet array (613), and a conductor disk (614). The protective sleeve (612) is located on the side of the braking sleeve (610) away from the second mounting housing (602). The mounting rod (611) is located between the protective sleeve (612) and the braking sleeve (610). The permanent magnet array (613) is located inside the protective sleeve (612). The conductor disk (614) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (607). The conductor disk (614) and the permanent magnet array (613) are arranged opposite each other in a non-contact manner. The conductor disk (614) is a copper or aluminum disc. The permanent magnet array (613) is composed of multiple circumferentially arranged neodymium iron boron magnets.

9. The intelligent fall prevention and early warning device for high-altitude workers in power infrastructure construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding mechanism (7) includes a first mounting plate (701), a second mounting plate (702), and a guide wheel (703). The first mounting plate (701) is located between the instability warning mechanism (5) and the buffer mechanism (6), and the first mounting plate (701) is fixedly connected to the back plate (301). The second mounting plate (702) is located at the end of the first mounting plate (701) away from the back plate (301). There are two second mounting plates (702), and a guide wheel (703) is rotatably connected between the two second mounting plates (702). The guide wheel (703) is used to guide the traction rope (8).

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