Digital supply chain financial intelligent risk control method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a digital supply chain financial intelligent risk control method and system, and relates to the technical field of supply chain management, and the system comprises a certificate generation module, a state locking module, a request receiving module, a legality verification module, a risk decision module, and an instruction execution module. According to the invention, a control right digital certificate is generated and bound on a physical storage unit in a chaining manner; using the smart contract as a physical control right scheduling center, verifying the operation request through the encrypted variable and executing state transition; calculating a dynamic risk value according to the storage node state and the transaction record, and comparing the dynamic risk value with a dynamic risk threshold in real time; when the dynamic risk value exceeds the preset dynamic risk threshold value, certificate freezing and equipment locking are automatically executed, real-time response of risk disposal is achieved, and the problems that in the prior art, storage certificates and physical control rights are separated, and risk model staticizing and risk closed-loop execution is delayed are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of supply chain management technology, and in particular to a digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control method and system. Background Technology

[0002] With the digital transformation of supply chain finance, enterprise inventory, warehouse materials, and transportation nodes are gradually being fully connected to IoT devices, forming a digital warehousing system that is perceptible, traceable, and verifiable. However, there are still three main problems in the existing warehousing finance risk control system.

[0003] First, the separation of physical control over stored goods from digital certificates leads to a disconnect between on-chain financing certificates and offline warehousing control, potentially resulting in inconsistencies between ownership of goods and cash flow. Second, in traditional solutions, smart contracts are only used for payment and settlement logic and cannot penetrate the execution layer to control equipment. Consequently, physical locking operations cannot be directly triggered through on-chain logic in the event of abnormal events. Third, risk warning mechanisms often rely on manual review or static model judgment, failing to dynamically adjust thresholds or freezing strategies based on real-time changes in warehousing data, logistics node status, and financing activities. This results in a delayed response from the risk control system, making it difficult to promptly prevent default risks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control method and system, which solves the problems of separation of warehousing vouchers and physical control, static risk models, and delayed risk closed-loop execution in the prior art. It realizes automatic voucher freezing and equipment locking when the dynamic risk value exceeds the preset dynamic risk threshold, achieving real-time response for risk disposal.

[0005] This application provides an intelligent risk control method for digital supply chain finance, which is applied to an intelligent risk control system for digital supply chain finance, including: Create a unique digital credential of control for each physical storage unit. The digital credential of control contains the identifier of the physical storage unit and the identifier of the IoT device to which the physical storage unit is bound. The initial state of the control digital certificate is locked in a smart contract on the consortium blockchain, establishing a physical control scheduling relationship between the control digital certificate, the smart contract, and IoT devices; The smart contract receives physical operation requests for physical storage units, and the physical operation requests contain operation instructions; The smart contract verifies the legality of the physical operation request. After the verification is successful, it executes the state transition of the control digital certificate and generates IoT control instructions based on the control digital certificate after the state transition. The smart contract receives or calculates and generates a risk signal. Based on the risk signal, the smart contract automatically executes the transfer of the frozen state of the digital certificate of control, and the transfer of the frozen state generates a freeze instruction. IoT devices acquire IoT control commands or freeze commands and execute the physical operations corresponding to the IoT control commands or freeze commands.

[0006] Furthermore, the establishment of the physical control scheduling relationship between the control digital certificate, smart contract, and IoT device includes: Write the address of the smart contract and the unique identifier of the digital credential of control into the protected storage area of ​​the IoT device; The IoT device is configured to receive and execute only instructions from the smart contract address that contain a digital credential identifier of valid control.

[0007] Furthermore, the smart contract verifies the legality of physical operation requests, including: Extract the request entity identity, operation type, and data signature from the physical operation request; The smart contract verifies whether the requesting entity has the permission to perform the operation type based on the preset access control policy. After the authorization is verified, the smart contract uses the public key corresponding to the requesting entity's identity to verify the validity of the data signature.

[0008] Furthermore, the step of creating a unique digital credential of control for a physical storage unit includes: The unique identifier for the digital control certificate is generated using the following formula. : ; in, A unique identifier for a digital certificate of control; It is a reversibly verifiable homomorphic encryption function; A unique hardware code for a physical storage unit; A unique network identifier for IoT devices; || indicates a concatenation operation of the encoded data. It is a control parameter vector that defines the set of legal operation permissions.

[0009] Furthermore, the IoT device acquires IoT control commands or freeze commands, including: After executing the state transition, the smart contract writes the generated IoT control instructions or freeze instructions into the specific state data of the consortium blockchain; IoT devices periodically poll specific state data or receive state change events from smart contracts through a subscription mechanism in order to obtain IoT control instructions or freeze instructions.

[0010] Furthermore, the step of the smart contract receiving or calculating and generating risk signals includes: The smart contract periodically triggers a risk assessment function, which calculates the dynamic risk value of the current storage unit according to the following formula. : ; In dynamic risk value Exceeding the preset dynamic risk threshold At that time, a risk signal is generated; in, For the evaluation period The cumulative risk value within; For the current time, The start time; Real-time market value of assets; The amount of the pledged financing; It is a Sigmoid function; The frequency of IoT operations for the storage unit; This is the anomaly function for the frequency of operation; Scoring of default events input from external data sources; and These are the weighting coefficients for asset value volatility risk and default risk, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, after the step of verifying the validity of the data signature, the method further includes: The check hash of the operation request is calculated using the following formula. : ; The smart contract will calculate The hash is compared with the request hash carried in the physical operation request, and the verification is considered successful only if the two match; in, To verify the hash; A collision-resistant cryptographic hash function; The public key used to request the identity of the entity; Operation type; A function that maps operation types to fixed-length codes; This is a bitwise XOR operation; For the business data requested in the operation; The timestamp at the time of the request; This is a vector dot product operation for two hash values.

[0012] Furthermore, the automatic execution of the transfer of the frozen state of the digital credential for control includes: Upon receiving a risk signal, the smart contract immediately invokes its own freeze function without relying on any external manual confirmation. The freeze function modifies the status attribute of the control digital credential to "frozen" and disables the verification logic for all physical operation requests that are not of the "unfrozen" type. The transfer of frozen status is packaged as a transaction and recorded on the consortium blockchain.

[0013] Furthermore, the dynamic risk threshold This is determined by the following functional relationship: ; in, For dynamic risk thresholds; For predefined nonlinear mapping functions; The baseline risk threshold; Credit rating data for the financing entity; This refers to market volatility data for the industry in which the warehousing assets are located.

[0014] This application provides a digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control system to implement a digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control method, including: a voucher generation module, a status locking module, a request receiving module, a legality verification module, a risk decision-making module, and an instruction execution module; The credential generation module is used to create a unique digital credential of control for a physical storage unit. The digital credential of control includes the identifier of the physical storage unit and the identifier of the IoT device bound to the physical storage unit. The state locking module is used to lock the initial state of the control digital certificate in the smart contract on the consortium blockchain, and establish the physical control scheduling relationship between the control digital certificate, the smart contract and the IoT device. The request receiving module is used for smart contracts to receive physical operation requests for physical storage units, and the physical operation requests include operation instructions. The legality verification module is used to verify the legality of physical operation requests by smart contracts. After the verification is passed, the state transition of the control digital certificate is executed, and IoT control instructions are generated based on the control digital certificate after the state transition. The risk decision module is used for smart contracts to receive or calculate and generate risk signals. Based on the risk signals, the smart contracts automatically execute the transfer of the frozen state of the digital certificate of control, and the transfer of the frozen state generates a freeze instruction. The instruction execution module is used for IoT devices to obtain IoT control instructions or freeze instructions, and to execute the physical operations corresponding to the IoT control instructions or freeze instructions.

[0015] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: This application provides a digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control method and system. First, it generates a unique digital control certificate for each physical storage unit, using real-time data hashes from IoT devices as the binding condition to ensure the certificate's uniqueness and anti-counterfeiting capabilities. This solves the problem of separation of ownership and certificate in traditional warehousing finance, giving warehousing assets a traceable digital identity. Second, it uses smart contracts to schedule and arbitrate physical control. Any warehousing operation, such as outbound, inventory, or transfer, must first be verified through encrypted verification variables within the contract. Only after successful verification is an on-chain state transition signal triggered to the device layer. This ensures operational compliance and transparent execution by constructing a unique and legitimate path for digital control. Furthermore, through dynamic risk assessment, the smart contract calculates a dynamic risk value based on the state vector of the storage node, time-series transaction records, and historical default characteristics, and compares it with a dynamic risk threshold in real time. When the dynamic risk value exceeds the preset dynamic risk threshold, the corresponding digital control certificate is automatically frozen, and the physical locking of the storage equipment is triggered through the IoT control link, achieving a closed-loop risk management system without human intervention.

[0016] In this process, a trusted mapping between digital credentials and physical assets, seamless integration of smart contracts and device control, and immediate closed-loop response to risk events were achieved, which improved the security and capital turnover efficiency of supply chain finance business, and also enhanced the risk control level of digital supply chain finance. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A flowchart of a digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control system provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] This application provides a digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control method and system, solving the problems of separation between warehousing vouchers and physical control, static risk models, and delayed risk closed-loop execution in existing technologies. It generates and binds digital control vouchers to physical warehousing units on the blockchain; uses smart contracts as the scheduling center for physical control, verifies operation requests and executes state transitions through encrypted variables; and finally, calculates a dynamic risk value based on the warehousing node status and transaction records, comparing it in real time with a dynamic risk threshold. When the dynamic risk value exceeds the preset dynamic risk threshold, it automatically freezes vouchers and locks equipment, achieving real-time response in risk management.

[0019] In existing supply chain finance risk control systems, warehousing vouchers typically exist independently in a centralized database, lacking a real-time binding relationship with physical warehousing units, resulting in a disconnect between vouchers and physical goods. Smart contracts, in most applications, are only used for accounting transactions or event triggering, failing to directly interface with the physical control chain, causing on-chain risk commands to fail to trigger actual equipment operations. Furthermore, risk warning mechanisms often rely on fixed thresholds or empirical parameters, unable to automatically adjust risk standards based on changes in warehousing status, easily leading to delayed risk responses or misjudgments.

[0020] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control method and system. This method generates binding hashes from IoT data, creates digital control certificates, and registers them on the blockchain. Subsequently, smart contracts are used to encrypt and verify operation requests and perform state transitions, forming a controlled execution channel. Finally, dynamic risk values ​​are continuously calculated from the time-series data of warehousing nodes and compared in real-time with dynamic risk thresholds. When the dynamic risk value exceeds a preset dynamic risk threshold, certificate freezing and physical locking operations are automatically triggered, enabling immediate closure of risk events. This ensures consistency between the on-chain certificates, contract logic, and the control status of physical equipment in warehousing finance, guaranteeing that the risk control process is automated, verifiable, and traceable, thereby improving the operational security and trustworthiness of the supply chain finance system.

[0021] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides a digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control method, which is applied to a digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control system, including: Create a unique digital credential of control for each physical storage unit. The digital credential of control contains the identifier of the physical storage unit and the identifier of the IoT device to which the physical storage unit is bound. The initial state of the control digital certificate is locked in the smart contract on the consortium blockchain. The mapping record of the control digital certificate is registered in the state storage area of ​​the consortium blockchain, and the physical control scheduling relationship between the control digital certificate, the smart contract and the IoT device is established. The smart contract receives physical operation requests for physical storage units, and the physical operation requests contain operation instructions; The smart contract verifies the legality of the physical operation request. After the verification is successful, it executes the state transition of the control digital certificate and generates IoT control instructions based on the control digital certificate after the state transition. The smart contract receives or calculates and generates a risk signal. Based on the risk signal, the smart contract automatically executes the transfer of the frozen state of the digital certificate of control, and the transfer of the frozen state generates a freeze instruction. IoT devices acquire IoT control commands or freeze commands and execute the physical operations corresponding to the IoT control commands or freeze commands.

[0023] In this embodiment, a digital credential record is first created in the consortium blockchain to identify each physical storage unit. This credential is generated based on the unique hardware code of the storage unit and its corresponding IoT device identifier.

[0024] After generation, the smart contract interface is called to write the initial state of the credential into the state storage of the consortium blockchain smart contract.

[0025] The smart contract establishes a three-way scheduling mapping between the digital credential ID, the contract address, and the device MAC address based on the mapping table in the system configuration file.

[0026] When an operation request data packet from an external platform is detected, the smart contract module parses the identity of the requesting entity, the operation type, and the accompanying signature information.

[0027] The built-in verification function calls the credential state machine to execute the state change logic, updates the credential state field, and generates a control instruction frame to be written to the contract state cache.

[0028] Subsequently, when a risk signal is received, the smart contract automatically triggers the freeze function, generates freeze status change data, and writes it to the on-chain storage area.

[0029] IoT devices periodically read or subscribe to smart contract state change events through a secure communication channel, receive control or freeze commands, and execute corresponding physical operations.

[0030] Furthermore, the establishment of the physical control scheduling relationship between the control digital certificate, smart contract, and IoT device includes: Write the address of the smart contract and the unique identifier of the digital credential of control into the protected storage area of ​​the IoT device; The IoT device is configured to receive and execute only instructions from the smart contract address that contain a digital credential identifier of valid control.

[0031] In this embodiment, during the initial registration phase of the IoT device, the smart contract block address and the unique identifier of the credential are written into the device's secure storage area through a trusted initialization channel.

[0032] Before receiving an instruction, the access control module in the device firmware calls the built-in verification function to extract the credential identifier and the contract address field from the instruction and perform a full match comparison with the local storage content.

[0033] Subsequent operations are allowed only if a match is found. This mechanism is implemented by the internal logic circuitry of the device's security chip to prevent data packets from unauthorized sources from being executed.

[0034] Furthermore, the smart contract verifies the legality of physical operation requests, including: Extract the request entity identity, operation type, and data signature from the physical operation request; The smart contract verifies whether the requesting entity has the permission to perform the operation type based on the preset access control policy. After the authorization is verified, the smart contract uses the public key corresponding to the requesting entity's identity to verify the validity of the data signature.

[0035] In this embodiment, when an operation request enters the smart contract logic layer, the user identification code, operation command code, and signature field are first extracted from the request message.

[0036] The contract maintains an access control list internally, using hash mapping to quickly determine whether the identity matches the allowed operation type.

[0037] If a match is found, the signature verification function is executed using the public key corresponding to that identity to confirm the signature's validity. The hash algorithm, signature algorithm, and key length used in the verification process are consistent with the blockchain system parameters to ensure consistency and security.

[0038] Furthermore, the step of creating a unique digital credential of control for a physical storage unit includes: The unique identifier for the digital control certificate is generated using the following formula. : ; in, A unique identifier for a digital certificate of control; It is a reversibly verifiable homomorphic encryption function used to generate identifiers and support subsequent specific verifications in the ciphertext state; A unique hardware code for a physical storage unit; A unique network identifier for IoT devices; || indicates a concatenation operation of the encoded data. It is a control parameter vector that defines the set of legal operation permissions.

[0039] In this embodiment, the identifier generation function is called when creating the credential. The input parameters include the hardware code of the storage unit, the network identifier of the IoT device, and the permission parameter vector.

[0040] Calculated It is stored in encrypted form in the consortium blockchain and bound to the contract address.

[0041] The credential generation algorithm uses a uniform output bit width to ensure that all generated identifiers are comparable on the blockchain.

[0042] In this step, all input parameters are in binary bits, and the output identifier is also in binary bits, with the data length remaining consistent.

[0043] Furthermore, the IoT device acquires IoT control commands or freeze commands, including: After executing the state transition, the smart contract writes the generated IoT control instructions or freeze instructions into the specific state data of the consortium blockchain; IoT devices periodically poll specific state data or receive state change events from smart contracts through a subscription mechanism in order to obtain IoT control instructions or freeze instructions.

[0044] In this embodiment, when the smart contract executes a state transition, it generates a control or freeze instruction and stores the instruction content in a specified state variable in the consortium blockchain.

[0045] The device firmware is configured with a timed polling task to periodically query the target status variable values ​​from the chain nodes.

[0046] If a status update is detected, the device parses the instruction frame structure and writes it to the execution buffer, and then the driver control interface module completes the operation.

[0047] The device can also receive state change events pushed by the contract through the event subscription module, enabling real-time response.

[0048] Furthermore, the step of the smart contract receiving or calculating and generating risk signals includes: The smart contract periodically triggers a risk assessment function, which calculates the dynamic risk value of the current storage unit according to the following formula. : ; In dynamic risk value Exceeding the preset dynamic risk threshold At that time, a risk signal is generated; in, For the evaluation period The cumulative risk value within; For the current time, The start time; Real-time market value of assets; The amount of the pledged financing; This is a sigmoid function used to calculate the margin of safety for an asset's value; The frequency of IoT operations for the storage unit; This is an operation frequency anomaly function calculated based on Z-Score or similar algorithms; The default event score input from external data sources is obtained by automatically accumulating the quantitative value based on the count of confirmed default events recorded on the blockchain; and These are the weighting coefficients for asset value volatility risk and default risk, respectively.

[0049] In this embodiment, real-time market value of assets and amount of pledged financing are collected in each assessment period, and the data are obtained and standardized through a network interface.

[0050] Calculate the asset safety margin value Combined with the operation frequency anomaly function By performing integral calculations, the cumulative risk value over the period is obtained. .

[0051] when Exceeding the threshold At that time, the risk module automatically generates a risk signal data packet and calls the smart contract interface to submit it for execution.

[0052] The default event score The acquisition method is as follows: a "default event log table" is preset in the consortium blockchain ledger. Whenever any storage unit triggers an event such as contract default, regulatory freeze, or judicial enforcement, the smart contract records a timestamped event entry. The risk module periodically reads the most recent event from the log table. Event count within each evaluation period and calculate In other words, the default event score is equal to the cumulative number of confirmed default events.

[0053] Furthermore, after the step of verifying the validity of the data signature, the method further includes: The check hash of the operation request is calculated using the following formula. : ; The smart contract will calculate The hash is compared with the request hash carried in the physical operation request, and the verification is considered successful only if the two match; in, To verify the hash; A collision-resistant cryptographic hash function; The public key used to request the identity of the entity; Operation type; A function that maps operation types to fixed-length codes; This is a bitwise XOR operation; For the business data requested in the operation; The timestamp at the time of the request; This is a vector dot product operation for two hash values.

[0054] In this embodiment, after the signature verification is completed, two hash operations are performed in sequence: first, the hash value of the XOR result of the public key and the operation type code is calculated; second, the hash value of the operation data concatenated with the timestamp is calculated.

[0055] Finally, the hash vector dot product is performed to generate the check hash. .

[0056] Smart contract comparison on-chain If the hash field in the request data matches, the request is allowed to continue.

[0057] Furthermore, the automatic execution of the transfer of the frozen state of the digital credential for control includes: Upon receiving a risk signal, the smart contract immediately invokes its own freeze function without relying on any external manual confirmation. The freeze function modifies the status attribute of the control digital credential to "frozen" and disables the verification logic for all physical operation requests that are not of the "unfrozen" type. The transfer of frozen status is packaged as a transaction and recorded on the consortium blockchain.

[0058] In this embodiment, when a risk signal is detected, the smart contract directly calls the freeze function interface without human interaction.

[0059] The freeze function modifies the value of the voucher status field to the freeze flag and updates the access control table.

[0060] The frozen transaction is encapsulated and written into the consortium blockchain transaction block. When the device detects the frozen flag during the next status poll, it immediately stops executing subsequent control commands.

[0061] Furthermore, the dynamic risk threshold This is determined by the following functional relationship: ; in, For dynamic risk thresholds; For predefined nonlinear mapping functions; The baseline risk threshold; Credit rating data for the financing entity; This refers to market volatility data for the industry in which the warehousing assets are located.

[0062] In this embodiment, the credit rating data of the financing entity is read from the credit rating database. Read industry volatility data and the set benchmark threshold Input nonlinear function together .

[0063] Calculate the output dynamic threshold This threshold is used as the boundary for real-time risk assessment in the risk calculation module.

[0064] Predefined nonlinear mapping functions include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following specific implementable forms: Sigmoid function, Tanh function, or ReLU function, used to map the risk index to a standardized risk value in the [0,1] interval.

[0065] During the deployment phase, users select any one of the functions from the configuration file as the dynamic threshold generation function, with the specific selection determined based on the company's risk control strategy. All parameters of this function are fixed constants and cannot be dynamically modified after deployment to ensure the determinism of the algorithm and its regulatory verifiability.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this application provides a digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control system to implement the digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control method, including: a voucher generation module, a status locking module, a request receiving module, a legality verification module, a risk decision module, and an instruction execution module; The credential generation module is used to create a unique digital credential of control for a physical storage unit. The digital credential of control includes the identifier of the physical storage unit and the identifier of the IoT device bound to the physical storage unit. The state locking module is used to lock the initial state of the control digital certificate in the smart contract on the consortium blockchain, register the mapping record of the control digital certificate in the state storage area of ​​the consortium blockchain, and establish the physical control scheduling relationship between the control digital certificate, the smart contract and the Internet of Things device. The request receiving module is used for smart contracts to receive physical operation requests for physical storage units, and the physical operation requests include operation instructions. The legality verification module is used to verify the legality of physical operation requests by smart contracts. After the verification is passed, the state transition of the control digital certificate is executed, and IoT control instructions are generated based on the control digital certificate after the state transition. The risk decision module is used for smart contracts to receive or calculate and generate risk signals. Based on the risk signals, the smart contracts automatically execute the transfer of the frozen state of the digital certificate of control, and the transfer of the frozen state generates a freeze instruction. The instruction execution module is used for IoT devices to obtain IoT control instructions or freeze instructions, and to execute the physical operations corresponding to the IoT control instructions or freeze instructions.

[0067] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0068] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product.

[0069] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the modules and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0070] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.

[0071] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0072] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control method, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: a unique control right digital credential is created for the physical storage unit, the control right digital credential containing the identity of the physical storage unit and the identity of the Internet of Things device bound to the physical storage unit; the initial state of the control right digital credential is locked in a smart contract on a consortium chain, establishing a physical control right scheduling relationship among the control right digital credential, the smart contract and the Internet of Things device; the smart contract receives a physical operation request for the physical storage unit, the physical operation request containing an operation instruction; the smart contract verifies the legality of the physical operation request, and after verification, executes a state transition of the control right digital credential and generates an Internet of Things control instruction based on the control right digital credential after the state transition; the smart contract receives or calculates a risk signal, and based on the risk signal, automatically executes a frozen state transition of the control right digital credential, which generates a frozen instruction; the Internet of Things device obtains the Internet of Things control instruction or the frozen instruction, and executes a physical operation corresponding to the Internet of Things control instruction or the frozen instruction.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The establishment of the physical control right scheduling relationship among the control right digital credential, the smart contract and the Internet of Things device comprises: writing the address of the smart contract and the unique identifier of the control right digital credential into a protected storage area of the Internet of Things device; wherein the Internet of Things device is configured to only receive and execute instructions from the smart contract address containing the valid control right digital credential identifier.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The smart contract verifying the legality of the physical operation request comprises: extracting the request entity identity, operation type and data signature in the physical operation request; the smart contract verifying whether the request entity identity has the permission to execute the operation type according to a preset access control policy; after the permission is verified, the smart contract verifies the validity of the data signature using the public key corresponding to the request entity identity.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The step of creating a unique control right digital credential for the physical storage unit comprises: A unique identifier for the control rights digital credential is generated by the following equation : ； wherein, is a unique identifier for the control rights digital credential; is a homomorphic encryption function for reversible verification; is a unique hardware encoding for the physical storage unit; is a unique network identification for the IoT device; || denotes concatenation operation; is a control parameter vector defining a set of legal operation permissions.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The Internet of Things device obtaining the Internet of Things control instruction or the frozen instruction comprises: after the smart contract executes the state transition, the generated Internet of Things control instruction or frozen instruction is written into specific state data of the consortium chain; the Internet of Things device periodically polls the specific state data or receives state change events of the smart contract through a subscription mechanism to obtain the Internet of Things control instruction or the frozen instruction.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The step of the smart contract receiving or calculating a risk signal comprises: The smart contract periodically triggers a risk assessment function, which calculates a dynamic risk value for the current storage unit according to the following formula : ； at a dynamic risk value exceeding a preset dynamic risk threshold a risk signal is generated; wherein, to evaluate the period cumulative risk value within; is the current time, is the starting time; is the real-time market value of the asset; is the amount of collateral financing; is a Sigmoid function; is the IoT operating frequency of the warehouse unit; is the operating frequency anomaly function; is the default event score input by the external data source; and are the weight coefficients of the asset value fluctuation risk and the default risk, respectively.

7. The intelligent risk control method for digital supply chain finance as described in claim 3, characterized in that, after the step of verifying the validity of the data signature, the method further comprises: A verification hash for the operation request is calculated by the following equation : ； The smart contract will compute Compare the computed result with the request hash carried in the physical operation request. Only when the two are consistent, the verification is considered to pass. wherein, is a check hash; is a collision-resistant cryptographic hash function; is a public key of the requesting entity identity; is an operation type; is a function that maps operation types to fixed-length encodings; is a bitwise XOR operation; is the service data of the operation request; is a timestamp at the time of the request; is a vector dot product operation on two hash values.

8. The intelligent risk control method for digital supply chain finance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic execution of the frozen state transition of the control right digital credential comprises: after receiving the risk signal, the smart contract immediately calls its frozen function without relying on any external manual confirmation; the frozen function modifies the state attribute of the control right digital credential to "frozen", and invalidates all physical operation request verification logics of the "unfrozen" type; the frozen state transition is packaged and recorded on the consortium chain as a transaction.

9. The intelligent risk control method for digital supply chain finance as described in claim 6, characterized in that, the dynamic risk threshold is determined by the following functional relationship: ； wherein, is a dynamic risk threshold; is a predefined non-linear mapping function; is a benchmark risk threshold; is credit rating data of the financing subject; is market volatility data of the industry in which the warehousing asset is located.

10. A digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control system for implementing the digital supply chain finance intelligent risk control method of any one of claims 1-9. comprise: a credential generation module, a state locking module, a request receiving module, a legality verification module, a risk decision module and an instruction execution module; The credential generation module is configured to create a unique control right digital credential for the physical storage unit, and the control right digital credential contains the identity of the physical storage unit and the identity of the Internet of Things device bound to the physical storage unit. The state locking module is configured to lock the initial state of the control right digital credential in a smart contract on the alliance chain, and establish a physical control right scheduling relationship among the control right digital credential, the smart contract, and the Internet of Things device. The request receiving module is configured to receive a physical operation request for the physical storage unit by the smart contract, and the physical operation request contains an operation instruction. The legality verification module is configured to verify the legality of the physical operation request by the smart contract, and after the verification is passed, perform a state transition of the control right digital credential, and generate an Internet of Things control instruction based on the control right digital credential after the state transition. The risk decision module is configured to receive or calculate a risk signal by the smart contract, and the smart contract automatically performs a frozen state transition of the control right digital credential based on the risk signal, and the frozen state transition generates a frozen instruction. The instruction execution module is configured to obtain the Internet of Things control instruction or the frozen instruction by the Internet of Things device, and execute a physical operation corresponding to the Internet of Things control instruction or the frozen instruction.

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