Ordered charging intelligent control terminal and system for flexible adjustment of power grid load

Abstract

The invention discloses an orderly charging intelligent control terminal and system for power grid load flexible adjustment, and relates to the technical field of intelligent charging scheduling, and the intelligent control terminal comprises a main control module, and a power supply module, a CP signal interaction module, a wireless communication module, a mechanical locking module, a fault self-healing module and a state monitoring module which are electrically connected with the main control module; the power supply module converts alternating current of a charging pile into direct current for energy supply, the CP signal interaction module collects original CP signals and generates analog signals to adjust charging current, the wireless communication module achieves data interaction with a central control system, the mechanical locking module fixes a terminal and a charging gun, and the fault self-healing module switches straight-through to guarantee charging when having a fault. The system comprises a central regulation and control system and a plurality of intelligent control terminals, the central regulation and control system monitors the load of the power distribution network and issues differentiated instructions, the intelligent control terminals execute regulation, high requirements are preferentially guaranteed in combination with a charging emergency degree coefficient, flexible regulation of the load of the power grid is achieved in cooperation with a load smoothing algorithm, and the safety of the power grid and user requirements are balanced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent charging scheduling, in particular to an orderly charging intelligent control terminal and system for flexible regulation of power grid load. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the background of rapid development of new energy automobile industry, the number of electric vehicles is growing in scale, and the charging demand poses a significant challenge to the stable operation of distribution network. When a large number of electric vehicles are connected to the distribution network for charging, especially during peak consumption period, the peak-valley difference of power grid load will be further expanded, causing problems such as overload of distribution network line, voltage drop of node, temperature exceeding of distribution transformer, etc., which not only increases the power grid loss, but also may exceed the carrying limit of local distribution network, forcing the power grid to invest additional resources to increase installed capacity and transform power distribution equipment, and seriously reduces the efficiency of power grid operation.

[0003] From the perspective of charging facilities, the inherent defects of national standard 7kW AC charging pile as the mainstream equipment further aggravate the load pressure of power grid: on the one hand, this type of charging pile defaults to maximum power output for charging, and lacks dynamic power regulation capability, which is easy to form load superposition during peak consumption period, and hides the hidden danger of overloading operation of power grid; on the other hand, there are many charging pile manufacturers, and each manufacturer adopts different communication protocols and control methods, which makes it difficult for charging piles of different brands and models to be included in a unified regulation system, and unable to form a collaborative load regulation capability, which is difficult to meet the demand of power grid for flexible control of load. At the same time, the traditional charging mode is difficult to balance the safety of power grid and the charging experience of users. If a simple power limiting measure is taken, it will affect the normal charging demand of users. Under this background, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can be compatible with multiple brands of charging piles, has flexible power regulation function and can guarantee the continuity of charging, so as to realize the flexible regulation of distribution network load, ensure the safe and stable operation of power grid, and meet the differentiated charging demand of users.

[0004] Therefore, the prior art has the problems of large peak-valley difference of power grid load, difficulty in unified regulation of charging piles and lack of dynamic power regulation capability. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the problems of large peak-valley difference of power grid load, difficulty in unified regulation of charging piles and lack of dynamic power regulation capability in the prior art, the present application discloses an orderly charging intelligent control terminal and system for flexible regulation of power grid load, which can effectively solve the above technical problems.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: An orderly charging intelligent control terminal for flexible regulation of power grid load, comprising: a main control module, and a power supply module, a CP signal interaction module, a wireless communication module, a mechanical lock module and a fault self-healing module electrically connected with the main control module. The power supply module is used for converting alternating current of an external charging pile into direct current required for operation of each module of the intelligent control terminal. The CP signal interaction module is used for collecting original CP signals of the external charging pile and generating adaptive analog CP signals according to the load regulation instruction of the main control module, so as to regulate the charging current. The wireless communication module is used for data interaction with an external central regulation system, receiving a load threshold instruction and feeding back charging state data. The mechanical locking module is used for forming fixed connection between the intelligent control terminal and a charging gun of the external charging pile. The fault self-recovery module is used for automatically switching to a straight-through state when the intelligent control terminal fails, so that the original CP signals of the external charging pile are directly transmitted to an electric vehicle, thereby ensuring that the charging function is not affected.

[0007] Preferably, the power supply module comprises an AC-DC conversion unit, a voltage conversion unit and a voltage stabilizing unit. The AC-DC conversion unit is used for converting alternating current of an external charging pile into first direct current. The voltage conversion unit is used for converting the first direct current into positive and negative direct current, so as to supply power to the CP signal interaction module. The voltage stabilizing unit is used for converting the first direct current into low-voltage direct current, so as to supply power to the main control module and the wireless communication module.

[0008] Preferably, the CP signal interaction module comprises a signal acquisition unit, a signal generation unit and a signal switching unit. The signal acquisition unit is used for acquiring a PWM duty cycle of original CP signals of an external charging pile, so as to obtain charging drive current and start state information. The signal generation unit is used for generating an analog CP signal with a preset PWM duty cycle according to the regulation instruction of the main control module, so as to realize stepwise regulation of the charging current. The signal switching unit is used for switching to analog CP signal output when the intelligent control terminal normally operates, and switching to original CP signal output when the intelligent control terminal fails.

[0009] Preferably, the main control module is built-in with a charging demand evaluation algorithm, which is used for calculating a charging urgency coefficient according to current electric quantity, target electric quantity and planned departure time of an electric vehicle. The charging urgency coefficient=(target electric quantity-current electric quantity) / (planned departure time-current time)×dynamic weight, and the dynamic weight is adjusted in real time according to a power grid load level issued by an external central regulation system.

[0010] Preferably, the mechanical locking module comprises a locking drive unit, a lock tongue structure and a position detection unit. The locking driving unit is electrically connected with the master control module, and is used to drive the locking tongue structure to extend or retract, so as to realize locking or unlocking with the charging gun. The position detection unit is used to detect the real-time position of the locking tongue structure, and feed back a detection signal to the master control module, so as to ensure the reliability of the locking state.

[0011] Preferably, the fault self-recovery module comprises a fault detection unit and a signal straight-through unit. The fault detection unit is used to monitor the power supply state, communication state and signal processing state of each module of the intelligent control terminal, and generate a fault signal when an abnormality is detected. The signal straight-through unit is used to automatically conduct the CP signal path between the external charging pile and the electric vehicle after receiving the fault signal, so that the original CP signal is directly transmitted.

[0012] Preferably, a state monitoring module is further included, which is electrically connected with the master control module, and is used to collect charging voltage, charging current, module temperature and power data, and transmit the data to the master control module. The master control module judges whether there is an abnormality in the charging process according to the data, and triggers the fault self-recovery module to act if there is an abnormality.

[0013] Preferably, an orderly charging system for flexible regulation of power grid load comprises a central control system and a plurality of orderly charging intelligent control terminals as described above. The central control system establishes data connection with each orderly charging intelligent control terminal through a wireless communication module. The central control system is used to monitor the load data of the power distribution network in real time, and issues differentiated control instructions to each orderly charging intelligent control terminal when the load data approaches a safety threshold. Each orderly charging intelligent control terminal adjusts the charging current of the corresponding charging pile according to the control instructions, so as to realize flexible regulation of the load of the power distribution network.

[0014] Preferably, the central control system comprises a load monitoring module, a control decision module and a data interaction module. The load monitoring module is used to collect transformer temperature, line current, node voltage and total charging power data of the power distribution network. The control decision module is used to determine the upper limit of the total power of the power distribution network according to the load data, and develop a priority control scheme in combination with the charging urgency coefficients fed back by each orderly charging intelligent control terminal, so as to preferentially guarantee high-urgency charging demand. The data interaction module is used to issue control instructions to each orderly charging intelligent control terminal, and receive charging state feedback data, so as to generate a load control report.

[0015] Preferably, the central control system also incorporates a load smoothing algorithm, which is used to dynamically adjust the charging power allocation ratio of each terminal based on the control execution results of each orderly charging intelligent control terminal, so as to keep the total load curve of the distribution network stable and avoid generating new power fluctuations.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention addresses the core problems of large peak-valley differences in grid load, difficulty in unified control of charging piles, and lack of dynamic power adjustment capabilities in existing technologies. This technical solution constructs a complete solution through a layered design of terminal hardware adaptation and intelligent system collaboration: At the hardware level, the orderly charging intelligent control terminal uses a mechanical locking module to achieve reliable connection with different brands of national standard 7kW AC charging piles. Its locking drive unit drives the locking tongue structure to extend or retract, and the position detection unit ensures stable connection, breaking the limitations of hardware differences between manufacturers; simultaneously, the CP signal interaction module uniformly collects the PWM duty cycle of the original CP signal of each charging pile through the signal acquisition unit, and then the signal generation unit generates an adapted analog signal according to the instructions of the main control module, without relying on manufacturer-specific communication protocols, solving the problem of difficulty in unified control of charging piles from the bottom layer; at the system level, the load monitoring module of the central control system collects load data such as transformer temperature and line current in the distribution network in real time. When the data approaches the safety threshold, the control decision module combines the charging urgency coefficient fed back by each intelligent control terminal (… Based on the vehicle's current battery level, target battery level, planned departure time, and grid load level (dynamically calculated), differentiated control instructions are formulated and issued via wireless communication module. After receiving the instructions, the intelligent control terminal uses the CP signal interaction module to implement stepped adjustment of the charging current. For example, during peak electricity consumption, the charging power of vehicles with low to medium urgency (battery level > 50%) is reduced from 7kW to 2kW, while ensuring that vehicles with high urgency (battery level < 20%) are charged at near-maximum power. This is further combined with the load smoothing algorithm of the central control system to dynamically optimize the power allocation ratio and avoid new load fluctuations. In this process, the peak-valley difference of the grid load is effectively reduced by accurately reducing unnecessary peak loads and rationally allocating off-peak charging resources. Through unified signal interaction and dynamic power adjustment, the charging pile has the ability to flexibly respond to grid control, ultimately achieving a dual guarantee of grid safety and stability and user charging needs. This reduces the cost of adding installed capacity and upgrading transmission and distribution equipment due to grid load fluctuations, and improves the user charging experience by prioritizing high urgency needs, forming a virtuous cycle of interaction between the grid, terminal, and user. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be derived from the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the ordered charging system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the intelligent charging control terminal of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle and wiring of the intelligent charging control terminal of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the signal interaction between the intelligent charging control terminal of the present invention and the charging pile and electric vehicle. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate this embodiment, some parts in the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] This embodiment uses the electric vehicle charging load management of a medium-sized urban residential community as an application scenario. The community has a centralized charging area with multiple national standard 7kW AC charging piles of different brands, serving hundreds of electric vehicle users in the community. In daily use, the peak charging period is from evening to night. When a large number of vehicles charge at the same time, it often leads to a surge in the load of the community's power distribution network. This may not only cause the load rate of the distribution transformer to exceed the safe range, but also, due to the differences in charging pile brands and the lack of unified control methods, there will be unreasonable situations where some vehicles with urgent charging needs cannot be charged efficiently, while some vehicles with sufficient power are charged at maximum power. To solve this problem, this embodiment deploys a complete solution of a central control system + multiple orderly charging intelligent control terminals to achieve flexible adjustment of the power grid load and precise matching of user charging needs.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-4An orderly charging intelligent control terminal for flexible regulation of power grid load includes: a main control module, and a power supply module, a CP signal interaction module, a wireless communication module, a mechanical locking module and a fault self-healing module electrically connected to the main control module; The power supply module is used to convert the AC power from the external charging pile into DC power required for the operation of each module of the intelligent control terminal; The CP signal interaction module is used to collect the original CP signal from the external charging pile and generate an adapted analog CP signal according to the load control command of the main control module to adjust the charging current. The wireless communication module is used to interact with the external central control system, receive load threshold instructions and feed back charging status data; The mechanical locking module is used to form a fixed connection between the intelligent control terminal and the charging gun of the external charging pile; The fault self-healing module is used to automatically switch to a direct-through state when the intelligent control terminal malfunctions, so that the original CP signal of the external charging pile is directly transmitted to the electric vehicle, ensuring that the charging function is not affected.

[0024] The power supply module includes an AC-DC conversion unit, a voltage conversion unit, and a voltage regulation unit; The AC-DC conversion unit is used to convert the AC power from the external charging pile into the first DC power. The voltage conversion unit is used to convert the first DC power into positive and negative DC power to power the CP signal interaction module; The voltage regulator unit is used to convert the first DC power into low-voltage DC power to power the main control module and the wireless communication module.

[0025] The CP signal interaction module includes a signal acquisition unit, a signal generation unit, and a signal switching unit; The signal acquisition unit is used to acquire the PWM duty cycle of the original CP signal of the external charging pile and obtain charging drive current and start-up status information. The signal generation unit is used to generate a simulated CP signal with a preset PWM duty cycle according to the control instructions of the main control module, so as to realize the step adjustment of the charging current. The signal switching unit is used to switch to analog CP signal output when the intelligent control terminal is operating normally, and to switch to original CP signal output when a fault occurs.

[0026] The main control module has a built-in charging demand assessment algorithm, which is used to calculate the charging urgency coefficient based on the electric vehicle's current battery level, target battery level, and planned departure time. The charging urgency coefficient is calculated as (target power level - current power level) / (planned departure time - current time) × dynamic weight. The dynamic weight is adjusted in real time according to the power grid load level issued by the external central control system.

[0027] The mechanical locking module includes a locking drive unit, a locking tongue structure, and a position detection unit; The locking drive unit is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to drive the locking tongue structure to extend or retract, thereby locking or unlocking with the charging gun. The position detection unit is used to detect the real-time position of the locking tongue structure and feed the detection signal back to the main control module to ensure reliable locking.

[0028] The fault self-healing module includes a fault detection unit and a signal pass-through unit; The fault detection unit is used to monitor the power supply status, communication status and signal processing status of each module of the intelligent control terminal, and generates a fault signal when an abnormality is detected. The signal direct connection unit is used to receive a fault signal and automatically connect the CP signal path between the external charging pile and the electric vehicle, so that the original CP signal can be transmitted directly.

[0029] It also includes a status monitoring module, which is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to collect charging voltage, charging current, module temperature and power data, and transmit the data to the main control module. The main control module determines whether there is an abnormality in the charging process based on the data. If there is an abnormality, the fault self-healing module is triggered.

[0030] An orderly charging system for flexible regulation of power grid load includes a central control system and multiple orderly charging intelligent control terminals as described above; The central control system and each of the orderly charging intelligent control terminals establish a data connection through a wireless communication module. The central control system is used to monitor the load data of the distribution network in real time. When the load data approaches the safety threshold, it issues differentiated control instructions to each of the orderly charging intelligent control terminals. Each of the aforementioned orderly charging intelligent control terminals adjusts the charging current of the corresponding charging pile according to the control instructions, thereby realizing flexible adjustment of the power distribution network load.

[0031] The central control system includes a load monitoring module, a control decision module, and a data interaction module. The load monitoring module is used to collect data on transformer temperature, line current, node voltage, and total charging power of the distribution network. The control decision module is used to determine the total power limit of the distribution network based on load data, and, in conjunction with the charging urgency coefficient fed back by each of the orderly charging intelligent control terminals, formulate a priority control scheme to prioritize the charging needs of high urgency. The data interaction module is used to send control commands to each of the orderly charging intelligent control terminals, receive charging status feedback data, and generate a load control report.

[0032] The central control system also has a built-in load smoothing algorithm. The algorithm is used to dynamically adjust the charging power allocation ratio of each terminal according to the control execution results of each orderly charging intelligent control terminal, so as to keep the total load curve of the distribution network stable and avoid generating new power fluctuations.

[0033] As the core control unit of the intelligent control terminal, the main control module uses a high-performance microcontroller as its core chip and has multiple interface expansion capabilities. It can simultaneously establish stable electrical connections with multiple modules such as power supply, CP signal interaction, and wireless communication, realizing real-time data reception, processing, and command issuance. Its built-in charging demand assessment algorithm is the key to achieving differentiated charging control. This algorithm obtains three core data of electric vehicles: current battery level, target battery level, and planned departure time. It calculates the charging urgency of each vehicle according to the formula: Charging urgency coefficient = (Target battery level - Current battery level) / (Planned departure time - Current time) × Dynamic weight. The dynamic weight is issued by the central control system based on the real-time load level of the distribution network. The higher the load level, the lower the weight value, thus balancing the grid load pressure and user charging demand. For example, when the grid load is at a high level, the dynamic weight of vehicles with sufficient battery power and later departure time will be appropriately reduced, and the urgency coefficient will decrease accordingly, so that vehicles with higher urgency will be prioritized in subsequent control.

[0034] The power supply module provides stable power to all modules of the intelligent control terminal. It consists of three parts: an AC-DC conversion unit, a voltage conversion unit, and a voltage regulator unit. Each unit works together to achieve power conversion and adaptation.

[0035] After the AC-DC conversion unit is connected to the AC power provided by the external charging pile, it converts the AC power into DC power through a dedicated conversion circuit. The unit adopts efficient power conversion technology and can maintain stable conversion efficiency within different voltage fluctuation ranges, ensuring that subsequent units receive continuous power input.

[0036] The voltage conversion unit receives the first DC power output from the AC-DC conversion unit and converts it into positive and negative DC power through circuit structures such as a charge pump. This bidirectional DC power is specifically used to power the CP signal interaction module, meeting the special requirements of the signal processing circuit in the module for power supply polarity and voltage value, and ensuring the accuracy of CP signal acquisition, generation and switching.

[0037] The voltage regulator unit also takes the first DC power as input and converts it into low-voltage DC power through low-dropout linear voltage regulation and other technologies. This low-voltage DC power mainly powers the main control module and the wireless communication module. It has high voltage stability and low ripple coefficient, which can effectively avoid the interference of voltage fluctuations on the data processing of the main control module and the signal transmission of the wireless communication module, and ensure the stable operation of the entire intelligent control terminal logic control part.

[0038] The CP signal interaction module is the core execution module for realizing charging current regulation. It consists of a signal acquisition unit, a signal generation unit, and a signal switching unit. Through precise processing of the CP signal, it realizes dynamic regulation of charging power.

[0039] The signal acquisition unit collects the raw CP signal output by the external charging pile in real time, and focuses on extracting the PWM duty cycle information of the signal. By analyzing the PWM duty cycle, it can not only accurately obtain the current charging drive current of the charging pile, but also determine the start-up status of the charging pile, such as whether it is in normal charging, standby or fault state, and transmit this information to the main control module in real time to provide data for subsequent control decisions.

[0040] The signal generation unit generates an analog CP signal with a preset PWM duty cycle based on the load control command issued by the main control module. Different PWM duty cycles correspond to different charging current values. By adjusting the size of the PWM duty cycle, the charging current can be adjusted in a step-by-step manner. For example, when it is necessary to reduce the charging power, an analog CP signal with a lower PWM duty cycle is generated; when it is necessary to increase the charging power, an analog CP signal with a higher PWM duty cycle is generated. This allows for precise control of the charging current and adaptation to the grid load control requirements.

[0041] The signal switching unit is responsible for switching between the analog CP signal and the original CP signal. When the intelligent control terminal is operating normally, the switching unit switches the signal path to the analog CP signal output, so that the charging pile charges according to the regulated current. When the intelligent control terminal malfunctions, such as the main control module is abnormal or the power supply is interrupted, the switching unit will automatically switch the signal path to the original CP signal output to ensure that the charging pile can continue to charge electric vehicles in the original mode and avoid charging interruption due to terminal failure.

[0042] The wireless communication module serves as a bridge for data interaction between the intelligent control terminal and the external central control system. It possesses stable wireless communication capabilities. This module establishes a connection with the central control system through specific wireless communication technologies (such as 4G and IoT). On the one hand, it receives load threshold commands, dynamic weights, and other control parameters issued by the central control system in real time. On the other hand, it feeds back charging status data collected by the intelligent control terminal, such as charging current, voltage, current battery level of the electric vehicle, and module operating temperature, to the central control system. To ensure the security and reliability of data transmission, the module also incorporates data encryption and verification mechanisms to prevent data from being tampered with or lost during transmission, thus ensuring the accuracy and stability of data interaction throughout the entire control system.

[0043] The mechanical locking module is used to achieve a stable connection between the smart control terminal and the external charging pile charging gun. It consists of a locking drive unit, a locking tongue structure and a position detection unit to ensure that the terminal will not be affected by accidental detachment during the charging process, thus ensuring that the charging and control will not be affected.

[0044] The locking drive unit is electrically connected to the main control module. After receiving the locking or unlocking command from the main control module, it drives the locking tongue structure to extend and retract. When the smart control terminal needs to be installed, the drive unit drives the locking tongue to extend and embed into the corresponding lock hole of the charging pile charging gun to achieve locking between the two. When the terminal needs to be removed, the drive unit drives the locking tongue to retract and release the locking state.

[0045] The locking tongue structure is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant material. Its size and shape are precisely designed to perfectly fit the locking hole of the national standard 7kW AC charging pile charging gun. After locking, the fit gap between the locking tongue and the locking hole is small, which can effectively resist external pulling force and ensure the stability of the connection.

[0046] The position detection unit uses a miniature sensor to detect the position of the bolt structure in real time and feeds the detection signal back to the main control module. If the bolt is not fully extended or retracted, the main control module will promptly issue a prompt signal to remind the staff to check the installation and ensure that the locking state is reliable, so as to avoid safety hazards or affect the control function due to unstable connection.

[0047] The fault self-healing module is the key to ensuring the continuity of the charging function. It consists of a fault detection unit and a signal pass-through unit. It can respond quickly when the intelligent control terminal malfunctions, ensuring that the charging process is not interrupted.

[0048] The fault detection unit comprehensively monitors the operating status of each module of the intelligent control terminal, including the voltage output of the power supply module, the communication connection of the wireless communication module, and the signal processing of the CP signal interaction module. Once an abnormality is detected in a module (such as the power supply voltage exceeding the normal range, communication interruption, signal processing error, etc.), a fault signal is immediately generated and transmitted to the signal pass-through unit and the main control module.

[0049] After receiving the fault signal sent by the fault detection unit, the signal direct connection unit quickly takes action and automatically connects the CP signal direct connection between the external charging pile and the electric vehicle. At this time, the original CP signal of the charging pile can be directly transmitted to the electric vehicle, and the charging pile continues to charge in the original mode, unaffected by the fault of the intelligent control terminal. At the same time, the main control module will report the fault information to the central control system through the wireless communication module, so that the staff can troubleshoot and repair in a timely manner.

[0050] The status monitoring module is electrically connected to the main control module and is responsible for collecting key data during the charging process in real time. This module collects data such as charging voltage, charging current, operating temperature of each module in the intelligent control terminal, and charging power through various sensors, and transmits this data to the main control module in real time. The main control module analyzes and judges the received data. If abnormal data is found, such as excessively high or low charging voltage, excessive current fluctuation, or module temperature exceeding the safe range, it is determined that there is an abnormality in the charging process and immediately triggers the fault self-healing module to ensure charging safety and functional stability. For example, when the module temperature is detected to be too high, the main control module judges that there may be an overheating risk, triggers the fault self-healing module to switch to the original CP signal output, and at the same time reduces the charging power or suspends charging. The charging mode is readjusted after the temperature returns to normal.

[0051] The central control system adopts a layered architecture, consisting of hardware devices and software modules. The hardware part is based on an industrial control computer, equipped with a high-performance processor, sufficient memory and storage devices to ensure that the system can efficiently process large amounts of data and concurrent instructions. At the same time, it establishes connections with intelligent monitoring devices of the distribution network, such as transformer temperature sensors, line current transformers, node voltage monitors, and various intelligent control terminals through various interfaces. The software part is developed based on a mature operating system and integrates functional modules such as load monitoring, control decision-making, and data interaction. The modules work together to achieve real-time monitoring and precise control of the distribution network load.

[0052] The load monitoring module connects with the distribution network's intelligent monitoring equipment to collect key load data of the distribution network in real time, including transformer temperature, line current, node voltage, and the total charging power of all charging piles. The collected data is preprocessed, such as filtered and verified, and then stored and displayed in a specific format. Staff can view the load status of the distribution network in real time through the system interface. At the same time, the module will also compare the collected load data with preset safety thresholds. When the data approaches or exceeds the threshold, an early warning signal will be issued immediately, triggering subsequent control procedures.

[0053] Based on load data collected by the load monitoring module and parameters such as the rated capacity and safe operation requirements of the distribution network, the control decision module first determines the upper limit of the total power that the distribution network can currently withstand. Then, it receives the electric vehicle charging urgency coefficients fed back by each intelligent control terminal and sorts all charging demands in descending order of urgency. On this basis, it formulates a priority control plan: prioritizing high-urgency charging demands and allocating sufficient charging power to ensure that these vehicles can complete charging before their scheduled departure time; for medium- and low-urgency charging demands, the charging power is appropriately reduced or the charging time is staggered from peak load periods, thereby controlling the total charging power within the range that the distribution network can withstand. In addition, the module also has a built-in load smoothing algorithm that dynamically adjusts the charging power allocation ratio of each terminal based on the control execution results of each intelligent control terminal, avoiding drastic fluctuations in the total load curve of the distribution network due to excessive power adjustment, and ensuring that the load curve remains stable.

[0054] The data interaction module is responsible for issuing instructions and receiving data between the central control system and various intelligent control terminals. On the one hand, it sends differentiated control instructions formulated by the control decision module, such as the charging power limit and dynamic weight adjustment value of each intelligent control terminal, to the corresponding intelligent control terminal according to a specific communication protocol. On the other hand, it receives charging status data and fault information from each intelligent control terminal in real time and transmits this data to the load monitoring module and the control decision module, providing a basis for optimizing load monitoring and control schemes. At the same time, the data interaction module also generates load control reports regularly, which include the distribution network load change trend, control instruction execution status, charging statistics, fault handling records, etc. Staff can use the reports to fully understand the system operation status and provide a reference for subsequent system optimization and management.

[0055] Complete system workflow: Before the daily charging peak arrives, the central control system and each intelligent control terminal initiate the initialization process. The load monitoring module of the central control system begins to collect initial load data of the distribution network and sets safety thresholds for various load parameters. The control decision module initializes the control algorithm and parameters to prepare for subsequent decisions. The data interaction module establishes communication connections with each intelligent control terminal and confirms that the connection status is normal. After each intelligent control terminal is powered on, the power supply module completes the power conversion and provides a stable power supply to the main control module, CP signal interaction module, and other modules. The main control module initializes each peripheral module and detects the module's operating status. Under the command of the main control module, the mechanical locking module drives the locking tongue to extend and lock with the charging gun of the charging pile. After the position detection unit confirms that the locking is in place, it feeds back the status to the main control module. The wireless communication module establishes a connection with the central control system and reports the terminal initialization completion status.

[0056] As the number of charging users gradually increases, the load monitoring module of the central control system continuously collects data such as transformer temperature, line current, node voltage, and total charging power of the distribution network, and transmits it to the control decision module in real time. The control decision module compares this data with preset safety thresholds. When it detects that a certain data is approaching the safety threshold, it determines that the distribution network load is about to exceed the safe range and immediately triggers the early warning mechanism. The early warning signal is displayed on the system interface to remind staff to pay attention; at the same time, the control decision module initiates the control process to prepare for the formulation of differentiated control plans.

[0057] The control and decision-making module calculates the upper limit of the total charging power that the distribution network can currently withstand based on the current distribution network load data. Then, it receives the electric vehicle charging urgency coefficient fed back by each intelligent control terminal through the wireless communication module, sorts all charging demands in descending order of urgency, and formulates specific control schemes based on the total power upper limit and the demand sorting results: allocating higher charging power to high urgency charging demands to ensure efficient charging; allocating lower charging power to medium and low urgency charging demands, or arranging them to charge during off-peak hours. At the same time, the scheme is optimized through a load smoothing algorithm to ensure that the power adjustment of each intelligent control terminal does not cause excessive fluctuations in the total load.

[0058] The data interaction module will send the differentiated control instructions formulated by the control decision module to the corresponding intelligent control terminals one by one according to the identification information of each intelligent control terminal. The instructions will clearly include parameters such as the upper limit of charging power and the PWM duty cycle adjustment value that each intelligent control terminal needs to execute.

[0059] After receiving the control command, the wireless communication module of the intelligent control terminal transmits it to the main control module. The main control module parses the command and sends a signal generation command to the CP signal interaction module. The signal generation unit of the CP signal interaction module generates a simulated CP signal with a corresponding PWM duty cycle according to the command. The signal switching unit maintains the output of the simulated signal, so that the charging pile charges the electric vehicle according to the controlled current. At the same time, the status monitoring module collects data such as charging current, voltage, and module temperature in real time and feeds them back to the main control module. The main control module analyzes the data. If it finds that the actual charging status deviates from the control command, it adjusts the PWM duty cycle of the CP signal in time to ensure that the control command is executed accurately.

[0060] During system operation, if the fault detection unit of a certain intelligent control terminal detects a module abnormality, such as abnormal voltage output of the power supply module or wireless communication interruption, it immediately generates a fault signal and transmits it to the signal pass-through unit and the main control module. After receiving the fault signal, the signal pass-through unit quickly reconnects the original CP signal path and switches to the original CP signal output to ensure that the charging pile continues to charge electric vehicles. The main control module reports the fault information to the central control system through the wireless communication module (if communication is not interrupted), or, if communication is interrupted, issues a fault prompt through local indicator lights and buzzers. After receiving the fault information, the central control system displays the location and fault type of the faulty terminal on the system interface. At the same time, the control decision module readjusts the total power allocation scheme, allocating the original power quota of the faulty terminal to other normal terminals to ensure that the total load of the distribution network is still controlled within a safe range. After receiving the fault prompt, the staff promptly goes to the site to investigate and repair the faulty terminal. After the repair is completed, the terminal restarts and reconnects to the system, restoring normal control functions.

[0061] As the peak charging period ends and the number of charging users gradually decreases, the total load of the distribution network continues to decline. When the load monitoring module of the central control system detects that the distribution network load data is below the safety threshold by a certain margin and it is expected that the load will not exceed the threshold again, it sends a control release signal to the control decision module. The control decision module generates an instruction to restore maximum power charging and sends it to each intelligent control terminal through the data interaction module. After receiving the instruction, the CP signal interaction module of the intelligent control terminal stops generating the simulated CP signal. Although the signal switching unit still maintains the simulated signal output mode, the generation unit will generate a simulated CP signal corresponding to the maximum power (equivalent to the original CP signal), so that the charging pile returns to the maximum power charging mode. After all electric vehicles have finished charging and the user unplugs the charging gun, the mechanical locking module of the intelligent control terminal, under the instruction of the main control module, drives the locking tongue to retract, releases the lock with the charging gun, and then enters the standby state, waiting for the next charging and control process.

[0062] This technical solution significantly reduces transformer load rate in grid load regulation, ensures stable line current and node voltage, effectively avoids distribution network overload and voltage drop, and improves operational stability and safety. In terms of charging pile control, it achieves unified management of charging piles of different brands, with timely response and precise power adjustment, solving the problems of traditional management models. In terms of user experience, high-urgency charging needs are prioritized, and users with medium to low urgency can also learn about the charging progress through system push notifications, ultimately completing charging on time with high user satisfaction. The fault self-healing function effectively avoids charging interruptions and enhances service reliability. This solution has significant effects in grid load flexible regulation, charging pile management, and user demand guarantee, and is suitable for electric vehicle charging management in scenarios such as residential communities and commercial complexes, with broad promotion value.

[0063] The same or similar labels correspond to the same or similar parts; The terms used to describe positional relationships in the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this patent. Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent control terminal for orderly charging for flexible regulation of power grid load, characterized in that, include: The main control module, and a power supply module, a CP signal interaction module, a wireless communication module, a mechanical locking module and a fault self-healing module electrically connected to the main control module; The power supply module is used to convert the AC power from the external charging pile into DC power required for the operation of each module of the intelligent control terminal; The CP signal interaction module is used to collect the original CP signal from the external charging pile and generate an adapted analog CP signal according to the load control command of the main control module to adjust the charging current. The wireless communication module is used to interact with the external central control system, receive load threshold instructions and feed back charging status data; The mechanical locking module is used to form a fixed connection between the intelligent control terminal and the charging gun of the external charging pile; The fault self-healing module is used to automatically switch to a direct-through state when the intelligent control terminal malfunctions, so that the original CP signal of the external charging pile is directly transmitted to the electric vehicle, ensuring that the charging function is not affected.

2. The orderly charging intelligent control terminal for flexible regulation of power grid load as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply module includes an AC-DC conversion unit, a voltage conversion unit, and a voltage regulation unit; The AC-DC conversion unit is used to convert the AC power from the external charging pile into the first DC power. The voltage conversion unit is used to convert the first DC power into positive and negative DC power to power the CP signal interaction module; The voltage regulator unit is used to convert the first DC power into low-voltage DC power to power the main control module and the wireless communication module.

3. The orderly charging intelligent control terminal for flexible regulation of power grid load as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The CP signal interaction module includes a signal acquisition unit, a signal generation unit, and a signal switching unit; The signal acquisition unit is used to acquire the PWM duty cycle of the original CP signal of the external charging pile and obtain charging drive current and start-up status information. The signal generation unit is used to generate a simulated CP signal with a preset PWM duty cycle according to the control instructions of the main control module, so as to realize the step adjustment of the charging current. The signal switching unit is used to switch to analog CP signal output when the intelligent control terminal is operating normally, and to switch to original CP signal output when a fault occurs.

4. The intelligent charging control terminal for flexible regulation of power grid load as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main control module has a built-in charging demand assessment algorithm, which is used to calculate the charging urgency coefficient based on the electric vehicle's current battery level, target battery level, and planned departure time. The charging urgency coefficient is calculated as (target power level - current power level) / (planned departure time - current time) × dynamic weight. The dynamic weight is adjusted in real time according to the power grid load level issued by the external central control system.

5. The orderly charging intelligent control terminal for flexible regulation of power grid load as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical locking module includes a locking drive unit, a locking tongue structure, and a position detection unit; The locking drive unit is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to drive the locking tongue structure to extend or retract, thereby locking or unlocking with the charging gun. The position detection unit is used to detect the real-time position of the locking tongue structure and feed the detection signal back to the main control module to ensure reliable locking.

6. The orderly charging intelligent control terminal for flexible regulation of power grid load as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fault self-healing module includes a fault detection unit and a signal pass-through unit; The fault detection unit is used to monitor the power supply status, communication status and signal processing status of each module of the intelligent control terminal, and generates a fault signal when an abnormality is detected. The signal direct connection unit is used to receive a fault signal and automatically connect the CP signal path between the external charging pile and the electric vehicle, so that the original CP signal can be transmitted directly.

7. The intelligent charging control terminal for flexible regulation of power grid load as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a status monitoring module, which is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to collect charging voltage, charging current, module temperature and power data, and transmit the data to the main control module. The main control module determines whether there is an abnormality in the charging process based on the data. If there is an abnormality, the fault self-healing module is triggered.

8. An ordered charging system for flexible regulation of power grid load, characterized in that, Includes a central control system and multiple intelligent charging control terminals as described in any one of claims 1-7; The central control system and each of the orderly charging intelligent control terminals establish a data connection through a wireless communication module. The central control system is used to monitor the load data of the distribution network in real time. When the load data approaches the safety threshold, it issues differentiated control instructions to each of the orderly charging intelligent control terminals. Each of the aforementioned orderly charging intelligent control terminals adjusts the charging current of the corresponding charging pile according to the control instructions, thereby realizing flexible adjustment of the power distribution network load.

9. The orderly charging system for flexible regulation of power grid load as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The central control system includes a load monitoring module, a control decision module, and a data interaction module. The load monitoring module is used to collect data on transformer temperature, line current, node voltage, and total charging power of the distribution network. The control decision module is used to determine the total power limit of the distribution network based on load data, and, in conjunction with the charging urgency coefficient fed back by each of the orderly charging intelligent control terminals, formulate a priority control scheme to prioritize the charging needs of high urgency. The data interaction module is used to send control commands to each of the orderly charging intelligent control terminals, receive charging status feedback data, and generate a load control report.

10. The orderly charging system for flexible regulation of power grid load as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The central control system also has a built-in load smoothing algorithm. The algorithm is used to dynamically adjust the charging power allocation ratio of each terminal according to the control execution results of each orderly charging intelligent control terminal, so as to keep the total load curve of the distribution network stable and avoid generating new power fluctuations.

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