Fertilizing method for promoting plant growth and increasing phosphate fertilizer utilization rate

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production, and particularly discloses a fertilizing method for promoting plant growth and increasing the phosphate fertilizer utilization rate. According to the method, specific phosphorus sources are applied in stages in a plurality of key growth periods such as 8-leaf expansion, 11-leaf expansion, 17-leaf expansion, a spinning period and a post-spinning period of corn, a fertilizer combination of a nitrogen fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer is matched, and the phosphorus sources are ammonium polyphosphate, monoammonium phosphate, urea phosphate, monopotassium phosphate or acidic potassium phosphate. The fertilizing method provided by the invention can effectively improve the morphological indexes of leaf area, stem diameter, plant height and the like of corn plants, and meanwhile, the total phosphorus content of each organ of the plants is remarkably improved, so that the synergistic improvement of crop growth and phosphate fertilizer utilization rate is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural production, in particular to a fertilization method for promoting plant growth and phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate. BACKGROUND

[0002] Soil fertility is closely related to fertilizer application, and fertilizer directly affects the physical and chemical properties of soil, and further affects the growth, yield and quality of crops. The long-term effect of fertilizer on soil still exists after harvest, and maintaining soil health is the basis for sustainable development of agriculture, and selecting appropriate fertilizer is crucial for maintaining soil fertility.

[0003] Fertilizer directly guarantees the growth and development of plants by providing balanced nutrient support for plant growth; at the same time, fertilizer affects the physical and chemical properties of soil, improves the soil environment, and indirectly creates suitable growth conditions for plants, thereby promoting the healthy growth of plants and affecting their growth status, yield and quality. Phosphorus is essential for plant growth and development, and is involved in many key physiological functions of plants, including photosynthesis, energy conversion and transmission of genetic information. However, in existing agricultural practices, the seasonal utilization rate of phosphorus by crops is low due to the poor mobility of phosphorus in soil, so it is difficult to fully meet the plant's demand for phosphorus, resulting in poor plant root development and affecting plant growth.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a fertilization scheme that can meet the growth needs of plants for agricultural production. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to develop a fertilization scheme that can meet the growth needs of plants, the present application provides a fertilization method for promoting plant growth and phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate. The fertilization method provided by the present application can effectively improve the morphological indexes such as leaf area, stem diameter and plant height of corn plants, and significantly improve the total phosphorus content of various organs of the plants, thereby realizing the synergistic improvement of crop growth and phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate.

[0006] The present application provides a fertilization method for promoting plant growth and phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate, which comprises applying a fertilizer containing a phosphorus source, a nitrogen source and a potassium source at multiple key growth stages of corn; the key growth stages at least include 8-9 leaf stage, 11-12 leaf stage, 17-18 leaf stage, silking stage, 7-8 days after silking and 15-16 days after silking; the phosphorus source is ammonium polyphosphate, monoammonium phosphate, urea phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or acid potassium phosphate; the fertilization method is to dissolve the phosphorus source, nitrogen source and potassium source into polyglutamic acid fermentation broth before application.

[0007] The fertilization method can effectively improve the leaf area, stem diameter, plant height and other morphological indexes of corn plants, and significantly improve the total phosphorus content of each organ of the plants, so as to realize the synergistic improvement of crop growth and phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate.

[0008] Further, the nitrogen source is urea, and the potassium source is potassium chloride.

[0009] Further, when the phosphorus source is ammonium polyphosphate, the method specifically comprises: 0.16 kg-0.20 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.65 kg-0.69 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied per 6 kg of soil at the 8-9 leaf stage; 0.22 kg-0.26 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.61 kg-0.65 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied at the 11-12 leaf stage; 0.16 kg-0.20 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.65 kg-0.69 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied at the 17-18 leaf stage; 0.10 kg-0.14 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.55 kg-0.59 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied at the spinning stage; 0.10 kg-0.14 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.55 kg-0.59 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied at the 7-8 days after spinning; 0.10 kg-0.14 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.42 kg-0.46 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied at the 15-16 days after spinning; And, 0.50 kg-0.54 kg of urea, 0.24 kg-0.28 kg of urea, and 0.24 kg-0.28 kg of urea are applied at the 25-26 days, 35-36 days, and 45-46 days after spinning, respectively.

[0010] Further, when the phosphorus source is monoammonium phosphate, the method specifically comprises: 0.16 kg-0.20 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 0.69 kg-0.73 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied per 6 kg of soil at the 8-9 leaf stage; 0.22 kg-0.26 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 0.66 kg-0.70 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied at the 11-12 leaf stage; Apply 0.16 kg to 0.20 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 0.69 kg to 0.73 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg to 0.32 kg of potassium chloride during the 17-18 leaf expansion stage; During the silking stage, apply 0.10 kg to 0.14 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 0.58 kg to 0.62 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg to 0.32 kg of potassium chloride. Apply 0.10 kg to 0.14 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 0.58 kg to 0.62 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg to 0.32 kg of potassium chloride 7 to 8 days after silking. Apply 0.10 kg to 0.14 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 0.45 kg to 0.49 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg to 0.32 kg of potassium chloride on the 15th to 16th day after silking. Furthermore, urea was applied at 0.50 kg to 0.54 kg, 0.24 kg to 0.28 kg, and 0.24 kg to 0.28 kg on days 25 to 26, 35 to 36, and 45 to 46 after silk production, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, when the phosphorus source is urea phosphate, the method specifically includes: For every 6 kg of soil, apply 0.39 kg to 0.43 kg of urea phosphate, 0.61 kg to 0.65 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg to 0.32 kg of potassium chloride during the 8-9 leaf expansion stage; Apply 0.53 kg to 0.57 kg of urea phosphate, 0.56 kg to 0.60 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg to 0.32 kg of potassium chloride during the 11-12 leaf expansion stage; Apply 0.39 kg to 0.43 kg of urea phosphate, 0.61 kg to 0.65 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg to 0.32 kg of potassium chloride during the 17-18 leaf expansion stage; Apply 0.25 kg to 0.29 kg of urea phosphate, 0.53 kg to 0.57 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg to 0.32 kg of potassium chloride during the silking stage. Apply 0.25 kg to 0.29 kg of urea phosphate, 0.53 kg to 0.57 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg to 0.32 kg of potassium chloride 7 to 8 days after silking. Apply 0.25 kg to 0.29 kg of urea phosphate, 0.40 kg to 0.44 kg of urea, and 0.28 kg to 0.32 kg of potassium chloride on the 15th to 16th day after silking. Furthermore, urea was applied at 0.50 kg to 0.54 kg, 0.24 kg to 0.28 kg, and 0.24 kg to 0.28 kg on days 25 to 26, 35 to 36, and 45 to 46 after silk production, respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, when the phosphorus source is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the method specifically includes: For every 6 kg of soil, apply 0.33 kg to 0.37 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.76 kg to 0.80 kg of urea, and 0.08 kg to 0.12 kg of potassium chloride during the 8-9 leaf expansion stage; Apply 0.44 kg to 0.48 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.76 kg to 0.80 kg of urea, and 0.02 kg to 0.06 kg of potassium chloride during the 11-12 leaf expansion stage; Apply 0.33 kg to 0.37 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.76 kg to 0.80 kg of urea, and 0.08 kg to 0.12 kg of potassium chloride during the 17-18 leaf expansion stage; Apply 0.21 kg to 0.25 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.63 kg to 0.67 kg of urea, and 0.15 kg to 0.19 kg of potassium chloride during the silking stage. Apply 0.21 kg to 0.25 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.63 kg to 0.67 kg of urea, and 0.15 kg to 0.19 kg of potassium chloride 7 to 8 days after silking. Apply 0.21 kg to 0.25 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.50 kg to 0.54 kg of urea, and 0.15 kg to 0.19 kg of potassium chloride on the 15th to 16th day after silking. Furthermore, urea was applied at 0.50 kg to 0.54 kg, 0.24 kg to 0.28 kg, and 0.24 kg to 0.28 kg on days 25 to 26, 35 to 36, and 45 to 46 after silk production, respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, when the phosphorus source is acidic potassium phosphate, the method specifically includes: For every 6 kg of soil, apply 0.33 mL to 0.37 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.76 g to 0.80 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.26 g to 0.30 g of potassium fertilizer during the 8-9 leaf expansion stage; Apply 0.44 mL to 0.48 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.76 g to 0.80 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.35 g to 0.39 g of potassium fertilizer during the 11-12 leaf expansion stage; Apply 0.33 mL to 0.37 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.76 g to 0.80 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.26 g to 0.30 g of potassium fertilizer during the 17-18 leaf expansion stage; During the silking stage, apply 0.21 mL to 0.25 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.63 g to 0.67 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.16 g to 0.20 g of potassium fertilizer. Apply 0.21 mL to 0.25 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.63 g to 0.67 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.16 g to 0.20 g of potassium fertilizer on the 7th to 8th day after silking. Apply 0.21 mL to 0.25 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.50 g to 0.54 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.16 g to 0.20 g of potassium fertilizer on the 15th to 16th day after silking. Furthermore, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied at 0.50 g to 0.54 g, 0.24 g to 0.28 g, and 0.24 g to 0.28 g on days 25 to 26, 35 to 36, and 45 to 46 after silking, respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, the method can increase the leaf area, stem diameter, plant height, or phosphorus content of corn plants.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The specific fertilization scheme of this invention can significantly increase the total leaf area of ​​corn plants, effectively promote the increase of corn stem diameter and plant height, which is better than the blank control group, thereby enhancing the photosynthetic capacity of the plants, improving the lodging resistance of the plants, and helping the plants to build a better growth structure.

[0016] This invention, through phased and precise fertilization, can influence and increase the total phosphorus content in different organs (stems and leaves) of corn plants. At different stages of plant growth (such as the vegetative growth period and the maturity period), different schemes of this invention (such as schemes 5, 1, and 4) can achieve relatively optimal plant phosphorus content. Among them, scheme 6 shows a stable and good phosphorus absorption effect throughout the entire growth period, which is beneficial to the robust growth and development of the plants. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 The effects of different fertilization schemes on the total leaf area of ​​plants.

[0019] Figure 2 The effects of different fertilization schemes on plant stem diameter.

[0020] Figure 3 The effect of different fertilization schemes on plant column height.

[0021] Figure 4 The phosphorus content of the potted plants was determined in the first sample; in the figure, a represents the phosphorus content in the leaves; b represents the phosphorus content in the stems.

[0022] Figure 5 The phosphorus content of the potted plants was determined in the second sampling; in the figure, a represents the phosphorus content in the leaves; b represents the phosphorus content in the stems.

[0023] Figure 6 The phosphorus content of the potted plants was determined in the third sampling; in the figure, a represents the phosphorus content in the leaves; b represents the phosphorus content in the stems. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods, and the materials and reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0025] Example 1: A fertilization method to promote plant growth and improve phosphorus fertilizer utilization. Soil samples were taken from farmland surrounding Xinjiang Changji Huier Company. Surface debris was removed during sampling, and soil samples were taken from 3cm to 9cm below the surface. Three samples from different locations were collected, mixed thoroughly, and sieved through a 5cm sieve. The samples were then air-dried, ground, and sieved through a 5mm sieve for use as test soil. The tested maize variety, Ruipu 909, was purchased from an agricultural supply store. The tested polyglutamic acid fermentation broth was purchased from Xinjiang Meihua Amino Acid Co., Ltd. Six kg of test soil were placed in cylindrical plastic flowerpots (21cm high, 20cm wide), with nine pots used as replicates. Sowing was carried out on August 2nd, with three Ruipu 909 seeds sown in each pot. Seedlings emerged on August 6th, and transplanted to one seedling per pot on August 13th.

[0026] For each potted corn plant, at the 8-leaf stage, dissolve 0.18 kg of ammonium polyphosphate (N:P=18:60), 0.67 kg of urea (total nitrogen 46%), and 0.3 kg of potassium chloride (K2O≥60%) in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid and irrigate. At the 11-leaf stage, dissolve 0.24 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.63 kg of urea, and 0.3 kg of potassium chloride in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid and irrigate. At the 17-leaf stage, dissolve 0.18 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.67 kg of urea, and 0.3 kg of potassium chloride in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid and irrigate. At the silking stage, dissolve 0.12 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.57 kg of urea, and 0.3 kg of potassium chloride in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid and irrigate. Seven days after silking, dissolve 0.12 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.57 kg of urea, and 0.3 kg of potassium chloride in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid and irrigate. The solution was irrigated with 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth; on the 15th day after silking, 0.12 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.44 kg of urea, and 0.3 kg of potassium chloride were dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth and irrigated; on the 25th day after silking, 0.52 kg of urea was dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth and irrigated; on the 35th and 45th days after silking, 0.26 kg of urea was dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth and irrigated.

[0027] Example 2: A fertilization method to promote plant growth and improve phosphorus fertilizer utilization. The tested phosphate fertilizer was monoammonium phosphate, and the rest of the corn planting scheme was the same as in Example 1.

[0028] For each potted corn plant, at the 8-leaf stage, irrigate with a solution of 0.18 kg monoammonium phosphate (N:P=12:61), 0.71 kg urea (total nitrogen 46%), and 0.3 kg potassium chloride (K2O≥60%) dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid; at the 11-leaf stage, irrigate with a solution of 0.24 kg monoammonium phosphate, 0.68 kg urea, and 0.3 kg potassium chloride dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid; at the 17-leaf stage, irrigate with a solution of 0.18 kg monoammonium phosphate, 0.71 kg urea, and 0.3 kg potassium chloride dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid; at the silking stage, irrigate with a solution of 0.12 kg monoammonium phosphate, 0.6 kg urea, and 0.3 kg potassium chloride dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid; 7 days after silking, irrigate with a solution of 0.12 kg monoammonium phosphate, 0.6 kg urea, and 0.3 kg potassium chloride dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid. The solution was irrigated with 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth. On the 15th day after silking, 0.12 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 0.47 kg of urea, and 0.3 kg of potassium chloride were dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth and then irrigated. On the 25th day after silking, 0.52 kg of urea was dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth and then irrigated. On the 35th and 45th days after silking, 0.26 kg of urea was dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth and then irrigated.

[0029] Example 3: A fertilization method to promote plant growth and improve phosphorus fertilizer utilization. The tested phosphate fertilizer was urea phosphate, and the rest of the corn planting scheme was the same as in Example 1.

[0030] For each potted corn plant, at the 8-leaf stage, irrigate with a solution of 0.41 kg urea phosphate (N:P=17:44), 0.63 kg urea (total nitrogen 46%), and 0.3 kg potassium chloride (K2O≥60%) dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid; at the 11-leaf stage, irrigate with a solution of 0.55 kg urea phosphate, 0.58 kg urea, and 0.3 kg potassium chloride dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid; at the 17-leaf stage, irrigate with a solution of 0.41 kg urea phosphate, 0.63 kg urea, and 0.3 kg potassium chloride dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid; at the silking stage, irrigate with a solution of 0.27 kg urea phosphate, 0.55 kg urea, and 0.3 kg potassium chloride dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid; 7 days after silking, irrigate with a solution of 0.27 kg urea phosphate, 0.55 kg urea, and 0.3 kg potassium chloride dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid. 0.27 kg of potassium chloride, 0.42 kg of urea, and 0.3 kg of potassium chloride were dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth for irrigation on the 15th day after silking. 0.52 kg of urea was dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth for irrigation on the 25th day after silking. 0.26 kg of urea was dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth for irrigation on the 35th and 45th days after silking.

[0031] Example 4: A fertilization method to promote plant growth and improve phosphorus fertilizer utilization. The tested phosphate fertilizer was potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the rest of the corn planting scheme was the same as in Example 1.

[0032] For each potted corn plant, at the 8-leaf stage, dissolve 0.35 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (P:K=52:34), 0.78 kg of urea (total nitrogen 46%), and 0.1 kg of potassium chloride (K2O≥60%) in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid and irrigate. At the 11-leaf stage, dissolve 0.46 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.78 kg of urea, and 0.04 kg of potassium chloride in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid and irrigate. At the 17-leaf stage, dissolve 0.35 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.78 kg of urea, and 0.1 kg of potassium chloride in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid and irrigate. At the silking stage, dissolve 0.23 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.65 kg of urea, and 0.17 kg of potassium chloride in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid and irrigate. Seven days after silking, irrigate with 0.23 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.65 kg of urea, and 0.17 kg of potassium chloride. 0.23 kg of potassium chloride, 0.52 kg of urea, and 0.17 kg of potassium chloride were dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth for irrigation. On the 15th day after silking, 0.23 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.52 kg of urea, and 0.17 kg of potassium chloride were dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth for irrigation. On the 25th day after silking, 0.52 kg of urea was dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth for irrigation. On the 35th and 45th days after silking, 0.26 kg of urea was dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth for irrigation.

[0033] Example 5: A fertilization method to promote plant growth and phosphorus fertilizer utilization. The tested phosphate fertilizer was acidic potassium phosphate, and the rest of the corn planting scheme was the same as in Example 1.

[0034] For each potted corn plant, at the 8-leaf stage, dissolve 0.35 mL of acidic potassium phosphate (P:K=520:40), 0.78 g of urea (46% total nitrogen), and 0.28 g of potassium chloride (K2O≥60%) in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid and irrigate. At the 11-leaf stage, dissolve 0.46 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.78 g of urea, and 0.37 g of potassium chloride in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid and irrigate. At the 17-leaf stage, dissolve 0.35 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.78 g of urea, and 0.28 g of potassium chloride in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid and irrigate. At the silking stage, dissolve 0.23 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.65 g of urea, and 0.18 g of potassium chloride in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquid and irrigate. Seven days after silking, irrigate with 0.23 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.65 g of urea, and 0.18 g of potassium chloride. 0.23 g of potassium chloride, 0.52 g of urea, and 0.18 g of potassium chloride were dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth for irrigation. On the 15th day after silking, 0.23 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.52 g of urea, and 0.18 g of potassium chloride were dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth for irrigation. On the 25th day after silking, 0.52 g of urea was dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth for irrigation. On the 35th and 45th days after silking, 0.26 g of urea was dissolved in 10 mL of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth for irrigation.

[0035] Example 6: A fertilization method to promote plant growth and phosphorus fertilizer utilization. The tested phosphate fertilizer was acidic potassium phosphate, and the rest of the corn planting scheme was the same as in Example 1.

[0036] For each potted corn plant, apply the following fertilizers at the 8-leaf stage: 0.35 mL of acidic potassium phosphate (P:K=520:40), 0.78 g of urea (46% total nitrogen), and 0.28 g of potassium chloride (K2O≥60%); at the 11-leaf stage, apply 0.46 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.78 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.37 g of potassium fertilizer; at the 17-leaf stage, apply 0.35 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.78 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.28 g of potassium fertilizer; at the silking stage, apply 0.23 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.65 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.18 g of potassium fertilizer; 7 days after silking, apply 0.23 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.65 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.18 g of potassium fertilizer; 15 days after silking, apply 0.23 mL of acidic potassium phosphate, 0.52 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.18 g of potassium fertilizer; 25 days after silking, apply 0.52 g of nitrogen fertilizer. g; apply nitrogen fertilizer 0.26 g on the 35th day after silking; apply nitrogen fertilizer 0.26 g on the 45th day after silking.

[0037] Comparative Example 1 The corn planting plan is the same as in Example 1; no fertilizer is applied during the corn's 8-leaf stage, 11-leaf stage, 17-leaf stage, silking stage, 7 days after silking, 15 days after silking, 35 days after silking, and 45 days after silking.

[0038] To verify the effect of the fertilization scheme of the present invention on improving the growth and development of maize plants and the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer, three maize plants with similar growth in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1 were collected respectively, and the plant morphological indicators and plant phosphorus content were measured.

[0039] I. Experimental Methods 1. Determination of plant morphological indicators The length and width of the unfolded leaves of the corn plants were measured in cm; the stem diameter and column height of the corn plants were also measured in cm. Measurements were taken on October 3, October 10, October 17, October 24, October 30, and November 5, yielding six sets of data.

[0040] 2. Determination of total phosphorus content in plants using the vanadium-molybdenum yellow colorimetric method. Corn plants were collected on October 17, October 31 and November 14, respectively, and the total phosphorus content in their stem and leaf samples was measured.

[0041] (1) Pretreatment: After collecting the plants, they were dried in an oven at 60℃. The dried plants were classified according to stems and leaves, and crushed with a pulverizer. They were stored at room temperature in self-sealing bags and used to determine the phosphorus content of different organs in corn plants.

[0042] (2) Preparation of the test solution: Weigh 0.25 g of leaves and 0.35 g of stems into digestion tubes, add 5 mL of concentrated H2SO4, and let stand overnight. The next day, add 2 mL of hydrogen peroxide sequentially, and slowly heat the digestion oven to 300℃ to digest the samples. At a digestion oven temperature of 250℃, add 10 drops of hydrogen peroxide every 30 min until the digestion solution becomes transparent or nearly transparent, then continue heating for another 30 min. After cooling, dilute to 50 mL to obtain the test solution. At the same time, add a blank sample (using the same method as above, but without adding plant samples).

[0043] (3) Determination of phosphorus content: Take 2 mL of the test solution, add 2 drops of 6 mol / L NaOH solution, then add 2 mL of ammonium vanadate reagent, and dilute to 10 mL with distilled water in a 10 mL volumetric flask. Stopper the flask and invert it to mix. After 30 min of color development, use a spectrophotometer to measure the color at a wavelength of 450 nm. Zero the instrument with a blank sample (the transmittance of the blank sample is 100% and the absorbance is 0). Take 2 mL of the test solution into a quartz cuvette, place the cuvette in the spectrophotometer, read the absorbance of the test solution, and record it.

[0044] Calculation of phosphorus content: Phosphorus content (g / kg) = C * V * Dilution factor + 10 3 / Sample weight II. Test Results 1. The effect of different fertilization schemes on the total leaf area of ​​plants Before each sampling, the leaf length and width of all unfolded leaves of the corn plant were measured, and the total leaf area of ​​the plant was calculated. The results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, in four sampling tests conducted on October 3rd, 10th, 17th, and 24th, the total leaf area of ​​plants under fertilization scheme No. 6 was significantly higher than that under other fertilization schemes. In two sampling tests conducted on October 30th and November 5th, the total leaf area of ​​plants sampled under fertilization schemes No. 1 through 6 showed relatively small differences compared to the plants sampled under fertilization scheme No. 7 (the blank fertilization scheme), but the total leaf area of ​​plants sampled under fertilization scheme No. 6 was slightly higher than that under fertilization scheme No. 7. Overall, the total leaf area of ​​plants sampled under fertilization scheme No. 6 was generally larger, suggesting that fertilization scheme No. 6 was more effective in promoting leaf area growth in maize plants.

[0045] 2. Effects of different fertilization schemes on stem diameter and column height of plants from Figure 2 It can be seen that the stem diameter of plants sampled on October 3, October 10, October 17, and November 5 was significantly greater under fertilization scheme No. 6 than under other fertilization schemes, and fertilization scheme No. 6 was also more stable; from Figure 3 It can be seen that in the five sampling tests from October 10 to November 5, the plant column height of fertilization schemes No. 5 and No. 6 was similar, which was higher than the plant column height of other fertilization schemes.

[0046] Overall, the plants under fertilization scheme No. 6 had thicker stems, suggesting that it was more effective in promoting stem growth. The plants under fertilization scheme No. 5 had relatively taller stems, suggesting that it was more beneficial for plant growth.

[0047] 3. Total phosphorus content in the plant The first sampling was conducted on October 17, 2024, to determine the effect of different fertilization programs on the phosphorus content of the plants. At this time, the phosphorus content in the stems was generally higher than that in the leaves. Figure 4 As shown in a, sample 1 had the highest phosphorus content in its leaves, reaching 34.45 mg / kg, while sample 6 had the lowest phosphorus content at 17.91 mg / kg. Figure 4 As shown in b, sample 5 had the highest phosphorus content, reaching 48.18 mg / kg, while sample 6 had the lowest phosphorus content in its stem, at 12.51 mg / kg.

[0048] A second sampling was conducted on October 31, 2024, by... Figure 5 a and Figure 5 As shown in b, compared with the phosphorus content data of the first test sample, the phosphorus content in the stem of the second sample was reduced. The phosphorus content in the leaves and stems of the control sample No. 7 fertilization regimen was 8.99 mg / kg and 15.76 mg / kg, respectively; the phosphorus content in the leaves and stems of the corn plants under fertilization regimen No. 5 was the highest, reaching 21.94 mg / kg and 29.11 mg / kg, respectively, which were increased by 70.8% and 43.04% compared with control sample No. 7. The phosphorus content in the leaves and stems of the control regimen was relatively the lowest, showing a significant difference from other samples.

[0049] The third sampling was conducted on November 14, 2024, by... Figure 6 a and Figure 6 As shown in b, the phosphorus content of the plants decreased in the third sampling compared to the first two samplings. The corn plants under fertilization regimen 1 had the highest phosphorus content in their leaves, reaching 23.86 mg / kg, an increase of approximately 87.43% compared to control sample 7. Fertilization regimen 4 had the highest phosphorus content in its stems, also at 23.46 mg / kg, an increase of 15.17% compared to control sample 7. Fertilization regimen 7 had the lowest phosphorus content in both leaves and stems.

[0050] The data in the figure show that different fertilization schemes affect the phosphorus content in different organs of maize plants. Scheme 5 showed the best phosphorus content during the seedling stage (first sampling), while fertilization schemes 1 and 4 showed the best phosphorus content during the flowering and grain ripening stage (second sampling). However, the difference between scheme 6 and the schemes with higher phosphorus content was not significant at any stage. Therefore, it is predicted that fertilization scheme 6 is beneficial to the stable growth and development of maize plants and is the better scheme.

[0051] 4. Effects of different fertilization programs on the dry weight of different organs The dried corn plants were classified into stems and leaves, and then crushed using a pulverizer. They were stored at room temperature in resealable bags, and their weights were weighed and recorded. The dry weights of different organs are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0052] Table 1. Dry weight of maize plant organs under different fertilization schemes during the first sampling. Table 2. Dry weight of maize plant organs under different fertilization schemes in the second sampling. Table 3. Dry weight of maize plant organs under different fertilization schemes in the second sampling. Tables 1, 2, and 3 show the changes in the dry weight of corn plant stems and leaves. Table 1 shows that the leaf and stem weights of fertilization schemes 1, 3, and 4 are low, indicating that these schemes are not conducive to plant growth. The stem weight of fertilization scheme 6 is significantly higher than the other schemes, suggesting that scheme 6 is more conducive to plant growth. Table 2 shows that the leaf and stem weights of fertilization scheme 3 are low, indicating that this scheme is not conducive to plant growth. Although the stem weights of fertilization schemes 1 and 2 are slightly higher than those of schemes 4, 5, and 6, the leaf weights of schemes 1 and 2 are much lower than those of scheme 6, suggesting that scheme 6 is relatively more conducive to plant growth. Table 3 shows that the leaf weights of fertilization schemes 1 and 2 are significantly lower than those of the other schemes, as is the leaf weight of scheme 3. Among schemes 4, 5, and 6, the leaf weight of scheme 6 is significantly higher than the other schemes, while the stem weight is slightly lower than that of scheme 5, suggesting that scheme 6 is relatively more conducive to plant growth. Overall, compared to other methods, fertilization scheme No. 6 is more suitable for the different growth stages of the plants.

[0053] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, once they have learned the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments.

[0054] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A fertilization method for promoting plant growth and phosphorus fertilizer utilization efficiency, characterized by, The fertilization method comprises applying a fertilizer comprising a phosphorus source, a nitrogen source and a potassium source at multiple key growth stages of corn; the key growth stages at least include 8-9 leaf stage, 11-12 leaf stage, 17-18 leaf stage, silking stage, 7-8 days after silking and 15-16 days after silking; the phosphorus source is ammonium polyphosphate, monoammonium phosphate, urea phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or acid potassium phosphate; and the fertilization method is to dissolve the phosphorus source, the nitrogen source and the potassium source into polyglutamic acid fermentation liquor and then apply.

2. The fertilization method according to claim 1, wherein The nitrogen source is urea, and the potassium source is potassium chloride.

3. The fertilization method according to claim 1, wherein When the phosphorus source is ammonium polyphosphate, the method specifically comprises: At the 8-9 leaf stage, 0.16-0.20 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.65-0.69 kg of urea and 0.28-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied per 6 kg of soil; At the 11-12 leaf stage, 0.22-0.26 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.61-0.65 kg of urea and 0.28-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied; At the 17-18 leaf stage, 0.16-0.20 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.65-0.69 kg of urea and 0.28-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied; At the silking stage, 0.10-0.14 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.55-0.59 kg of urea and 0.28-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied; 7-8 days after silking, 0.10-0.14 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.55-0.59 kg of urea and 0.28-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied; 15-16 days after silking, 0.10-0.14 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 0.42-0.46 kg of urea and 0.28-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied; And, 25-26 days, 35-36 days and 45-46 days after silking, 0.50-0.54 kg, 0.24-0.28 kg and 0.24-0.28 kg of urea are applied respectively.

4. The fertilization method according to claim 1, wherein When the phosphorus source is monoammonium phosphate, the method specifically comprises: At the 8-9 leaf stage, 0.16-0.20 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 0.69-0.73 kg of urea and 0.28-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied per 6 kg of soil; At the 11-12 leaf stage, 0.22-0.26 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 0.66-0.70 kg of urea and 0.28-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied; At the 17-18 leaf stage, 0.16-0.20 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 0.69-0.73 kg of urea and 0.28-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied; At the silking stage, 0.10-0.14 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 0.58-0.62 kg of urea and 0.28-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied; At the 8-9 leaf stage, 0.16-0.20 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 0.69-0.73 kg of urea and 0.28-0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied per 6 kg of soil; 0.10 kg~0.14 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 0.58 kg~0.62 kg of urea and 0.28 kg~0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied at 7~8 days after spinning; 0.10 kg~0.14 kg of monoammonium phosphate, 0.45 kg~0.49 kg of urea and 0.28 kg~0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied at 15~16 days after spinning; 0.50 kg~0.54 kg, 0.24 kg~0.28 kg and 0.24 kg~0.28 kg of urea are topdressed at 25~26 days, 35~36 days and 45~46 days after spinning, respectively.

5. The method for promoting plant growth and phosphorus fertilizer utilization according to claim 1, wherein When the phosphorus source is urea phosphate, the method specifically comprises: 0.39 kg~0.43 kg of urea phosphate, 0.61 kg~0.65 kg of urea and 0.28 kg~0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied per 6 kg of soil at 8~9 leaf stage; 0.53 kg~0.57 kg of urea phosphate, 0.56 kg~0.60 kg of urea and 0.28 kg~0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied at 11~12 leaf stage; 0.39 kg~0.43 kg of urea phosphate, 0.61 kg~0.65 kg of urea and 0.28 kg~0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied at 17~18 leaf stage; 0.25 kg~0.29 kg of urea phosphate, 0.53 kg~0.57 kg of urea and 0.28 kg~0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied at spinning stage; 0.25 kg~0.29 kg of urea phosphate, 0.53 kg~0.57 kg of urea and 0.28 kg~0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied at 7~8 days after spinning; 0.25 kg~0.29 kg of urea phosphate, 0.40 kg~0.44 kg of urea and 0.28 kg~0.32 kg of potassium chloride are applied at 15~16 days after spinning; 0.50 kg~0.54 kg, 0.24 kg~0.28 kg and 0.24 kg~0.28 kg of urea are topdressed at 25~26 days, 35~36 days and 45~46 days after spinning, respectively.

6. The fertilization method according to claim 1, wherein When the phosphorus source is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the method specifically comprises: 0.33 kg~0.37 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.76 kg~0.80 kg of urea and 0.08 kg~0.12 kg of potassium chloride are applied per 6 kg of soil at 8~9 leaf stage; 0.44 kg~0.48 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.76 kg~0.80 kg of urea and 0.02 kg~0.06 kg of potassium chloride are applied at 11~12 leaf stage; 0.33 kg~0.37 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.76 kg~0.80 kg of urea and 0.08 kg~0.12 kg of potassium chloride are applied at 17~18 leaf stage; 0.21 kg~0.25 kg of mono-potassium phosphate, 0.63 kg~0.67 kg of urea, and 0.15 kg~0.19 kg of potassium chloride are applied at the silking stage; 0.21 kg~0.25 kg of mono-potassium phosphate, 0.63 kg~0.67 kg of urea, and 0.15 kg~0.19 kg of potassium chloride are applied at the 7th~8th day after silking; 0.21 kg~0.25 kg of mono-potassium phosphate, 0.50 kg~0.54 kg of urea, and 0.15 kg~0.19 kg of potassium chloride are applied at the 15th~16th day after silking; 0.50 kg~0.54 kg, 0.24 kg~0.28 kg, and 0.24 kg~0.28 kg of urea are additionally applied at the 25th~26th day, the 35th~36th day, and the 45th~46th day after silking, respectively.

7. The fertilization method according to claim 1, wherein When the phosphorus source is acid potassium phosphate, the method specifically comprises: 0.33 mL~0.37 mL of acid potassium phosphate, 0.76 g~0.80 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.26 g~0.30 g of potassium fertilizer are applied per 6 kg of soil at the 8th~9th leaf stage; 0.44 mL~0.48 mL of acid potassium phosphate, 0.76 g~0.80 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.35 g~0.39 g of potassium fertilizer are applied at the 11th~12th leaf stage; 0.33 mL~0.37 mL of acid potassium phosphate, 0.76 g~0.80 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.26 g~0.30 g of potassium fertilizer are applied at the 17th~18th leaf stage; 0.21 mL~0.25 mL of acid potassium phosphate, 0.63 g~0.67 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.16 g~0.20 g of potassium fertilizer are applied at the silking stage; 0.21 mL~0.25 mL of acid potassium phosphate, 0.63 g~0.67 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.16 g~0.20 g of potassium fertilizer are applied at the 7th~8th day after silking; 0.21 mL~0.25 mL of acid potassium phosphate, 0.50 g~0.54 g of nitrogen fertilizer, and 0.16 g~0.20 g of potassium fertilizer are applied at the 15th~16th day after silking; 0.50 g~0.54 g, 0.24 g~0.28 g, and 0.24 g~0.28 g of nitrogen fertilizer are additionally applied at the 25th~26th day, the 35th~36th day, and the 45th~46th day after silking, respectively.

8. The fertilization method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein The method can improve the leaf area, stem diameter, plant height, or phosphorus content of the corn plant.

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