Planting method for relieving wheat drought based on SiQDs seed dressing and halophilic bacillus combined application

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for relieving wheat drought based on SiQDs seed dressing and halophilic bacillus combined application, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting. The invention discloses a planting method for relieving wheat drought based on combined application of SiQDs (silicon quantum dots) seed dressing and halophilic bacillus, which comprises the following steps: carrying out seed dressing treatment on wheat seeds by using SiQDs, then planting the wheat seeds subjected to seed dressing in soil, and applying a halophilic bacillus inoculant during the growth period of wheat. Through combined application of SiQDs and halophilic bacillus GS127, wheat root development under drought stress can be better promoted, the content of proline and soluble sugar in wheat bodies is improved, the content of malondialdehyde is reduced, the drought tolerance of wheat is enhanced, wheat growth is effectively promoted, the yield and the water utilization efficiency are improved, and the application potential in agricultural wheat arid region production is extremely good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, and more specifically to a planting method for alleviating wheat drought based on the combined application of SiQDs seed dressing and halophilic Bacillus. Background Technology

[0002] Arid regions cover approximately 41% of the global land area, and with climate change, the frequency and intensity of drought stress are intensifying. By 2100, the area affected by drought is projected to expand by 4%-8%, posing a serious threat to global food production. Drought severely threatens agricultural production, particularly during the critical and highly sensitive seed germination stage of the plant life cycle. Water shortage inhibits seed osmosis, thereby reducing seed germination rate and vigor. In later growth stages, drought limits photosynthesis, disrupts osmotic regulation, and significantly reduces biomass accumulation. Furthermore, drought disrupts redox homeostasis, leading to excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which in turn triggers membrane lipid peroxidation and the production of malondialdehyde, ultimately impairing plant growth. Wheat ( Triticum aestivum Bacillus halotolerans Wheat (L.) is the world's second-largest cereal crop and is particularly vulnerable to drought, currently affecting approximately 15% of global wheat production. Therefore, developing effective drought mitigation strategies is crucial for ensuring global food security. This research seeks to identify more efficient and environmentally friendly technologies to reduce the negative impacts of drought stress on wheat growth, achieve stable increases in wheat yield, and provide strong support for ensuring food security and sustainable agricultural development in arid regions.

[0003] Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element in the Earth's crust. It can promote the absorption of water and nutrients by plants, increase the accumulation of osmotic substances such as proline, and enhance antioxidant defense. Silicon-based nanomaterials have been successfully applied as activators in crops such as rice and cucumber, promoting rapid seed germination, improving seedling vigor, and enhancing growth. Silicon quantum dots are a new generation of silicon nanomaterials with a particle size of less than 10 nm. They possess high stability, excellent biocompatibility, and good water solubility. Their ultra-small size allows them to penetrate plant cell walls and enter seeds to exert their effects.

[0004] Bacillus plays a key role in the process of plant resistance to drought stress. This strain can help plants cope with drought stress through various ways, which are as follows: (1) It has the functions of dissolving phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen fixation, etc., to supply more nutrients for plants in drought stress environment, and help them grow. For example, Bacillus can secrete organic acids and phosphoric acid solubilizing enzymes to convert the phosphorus in the soil that is difficult to be absorbed into available forms, supplement the key nutrients for plants growing under water shortage conditions, and ensure the normal development of their basic metabolic activities. (2) It can secrete hormones such as indole acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinin. Among them, IAA is involved in the regulation process of plant growth and development, and can promote the growth of plant roots under drought stress, so that the roots are more developed and the extension range is wider, thereby strengthening the plant's ability to absorb and utilize water and nutrients in the deep soil, and improving its drought resistance. (3) It can produce 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase. When plants encounter drought stress, a large amount of ethylene will accumulate in the body, and high ethylene concentration will inhibit plant growth, causing leaf wilting, growth retardation and other problems. ACC deaminase can degrade the precursor of ethylene, ACC, effectively reducing the ethylene content in the plant body and reducing the inhibitory effect of drought on plant growth. (4) It can produce extracellular polysaccharide (EPS). EPS can form a protective film around the plant roots, reduce soil water evaporation, and also improve the soil aggregate structure and enhance the soil water retention capacity; in addition, EPS can adhere to the surface of plant cells, reduce the water loss rate of cells, help plants maintain normal physiological functions in water-deficient environment, and significantly improve the drought resistance. Bacillus can reduce the oxidative damage of plants under drought stress by synergistically regulating the above-mentioned multiple mechanisms, and maintain the normal growth and metabolism of plants, which provides an important solution for coping with drought climate and improving agricultural production in drought areas.

[0005] Therefore, it is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to provide a planting method for relieving drought of wheat based on combined application of SiQDs seed dressing and halophilic Bacillus. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the present application provides a planting method for relieving drought of wheat based on combined application of SiQDs seed dressing and halophilic Bacillus. The combined application of silicon quantum dots and halophilic Bacillus can reduce oxidative damage under drought stress by adjusting multiple mechanisms.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: A planting method for relieving drought of wheat based on combined application of SiQDs seed dressing and halophilic Bacillus, comprising the following steps: (1) Preparation of SiQDs: 1 mL of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) and 0.8 g of sodium citrate were added to 20 mL of ultrapure water under vigorous stirring, stirred for 5 min to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution was transferred to a 100 mL polytetrafluoroethylene-lined stainless steel autoclave, heated at 170°C for 12 h; after cooling to room temperature, the solution was purified by dialysis (dialysis bag molecular weight = 500 Da) for 24 h, and the water was replaced every 4 h; the purified SiQDs were obtained by vacuum freeze-drying.

[0008] (2) SiQDs combined with halophilic Bacillus GS127 to alleviate drought stress of wheat: The wheat seeds were treated with 500 mg / L SiQDs solution, and the dosage ratio was 1 L SiQDs solution for 5 kg of wheat seeds; the treated wheat seeds were planted in soil, and halophilic Bacillus GS127 with OD600 of 0.8 was sprayed at one month and five months after sowing, with a dosage of 10 L per mu each time. The halophilic Bacillus GS127 Figure 1 has a preservation number of CCTCC NO: M20252329, which has been preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) located in Wuhan, China, and the preservation date is October 24, 2025, and the classification name is Figure 2 GS127.

[0009] Further, the method is applied to improve the yield of wheat under drought conditions.

[0010] Further, the method is applied to improve the water use efficiency of wheat under drought conditions.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present disclosure provides a planting method for relieving drought of wheat based on SiQDs seed treatment and combined application of halophilic Bacillus. Silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) are used for wheat seed treatment, and then the treated wheat seeds are planted in soil, and halophilic Bacillus inoculant is applied during the growth of wheat. A combined application system of SiQDs and halophilic Bacillus GS127 is constructed, the combined application of the two is evaluated for its effect on relieving drought stress of wheat through pot experiment, and the application effect is further verified through field experiment. It is found that the combined application of SiQDs and halophilic Bacillus GS127 can better promote the root development of wheat under drought stress, increase the content of proline and soluble sugar in wheat, reduce the content of malondialdehyde, enhance the drought resistance of wheat, effectively promote the growth of wheat and improve the yield and water use efficiency, and has excellent application potential in agricultural wheat drought area production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings required to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only constitute the embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of the provided drawings.

[0013] Figure 3 Transmission electron microscope image of SiQDs.

[0014] Figure 4 Fourier infrared spectrum image of SiQDs.

[0015] Figure 5 X-ray photoelectron spectrogram; wherein, A represents the full spectrum of SiQDs; B represents the C 1s fine spectrum of SiQDs; C represents the O 1s fine spectrum of SiQDs; D represents the Si 2p fine spectrum of SiQDs.

[0016] Figure 6 Photo of wheat pot experiment treated by SiQDs combined with halophilic Bacillus GS127.

[0017] Figure 7 Graph of wheat growth index determination results treated by SiQDs combined with halophilic Bacillus GS127; wherein, A represents the column chart of wheat plant height treated by SiQDs combined with halophilic Bacillus GS127; B represents the column chart of fresh weight of underground part of wheat; C represents the column chart of fresh weight of aboveground part of wheat.

[0018] Figure 8 Scanning graph of root system morphology of wheat treated by SiQDs combined with halophilic Bacillus GS127.

[0019] Figure 9 Graph of the influence of SiQDs combined with halophilic Bacillus GS127 treatment on root system morphology of wheat; wherein, A represents the column chart of total length of root system; B represents the column chart of root surface area; C represents the column chart of root volume; D represents the column chart of root tip number.

[0020] Figure 10 Graph of determination results of proline content in tissues of wheat treated by SiQDs combined with halophilic Bacillus GS127; wherein, A represents the column chart of proline (Pro) content in stems and leaves of wheat; B represents the column chart of proline (Pro) content in root system of wheat.

[0021] Figure 11 Graph of determination results of soluble sugar content in tissues of wheat treated by SiQDs combined with halophilic Bacillus GS127; wherein, A represents the column chart of soluble sugar content in stems and leaves of wheat; B represents the column chart of soluble sugar content in root system of wheat.

[0022] Figure 12 Figure of determination results of malondialdehyde content of wheat tissue treated by SiQDs combined with Halobacillus sp. GS127; wherein, A represents a column chart of malondialdehyde (MDA) content of wheat stems and leaves; B represents a column chart of malondialdehyde (MDA) content of wheat roots.

[0023] Bacillus halotolerans Figure of pot experiment of wheat treated by SiQDs combined with Halobacillus sp. GS127 at a mature stage.

[0024] Bacillus halotolerans Figure of field experiment of wheat treated by SiQDs combined with Halobacillus sp. GS127; A represents a column chart of wheat yield; B represents a column chart of water use efficiency of wheat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] PKO inorganic phosphorus solid medium, Mengjina organic phosphorus solid medium, CAS solid medium and Kings liquid medium are all purchased from Haibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0027] Example 1 Screening of growth-promoting bacteria and characterization of SiQDs synthesis (I) Strain isolation and purification Soil samples were collected in Gansu dry land, LB liquid medium was prepared, 5 g of fresh soil sample was taken in the medium for culture, and the culture was enriched on a shaking table for 1 day. The bacterial solution was gradiently diluted and coated, and then inverted in an incubator for culture for 3-7 days. The growth of the colonies was observed and recorded, and single colonies with different morphologies, sizes and colors were picked and streaked on corresponding solid plates for culture. Streaking and purification were repeated until pure strains were isolated. The strains were preserved in glycerol and stored in a-80℃ refrigerator.

[0028] (II) Strain identification The purified bacterial plate with multiple lines was taken, a single colony was picked in a super-clean bench, dissolved in 10 μL sterile water, 1 μL of which was taken as a template for PCR amplification, and universal primers 27F (5'- AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTC-3'; SEQ ID NO. 1) and 1492R (5'- CGGCTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3'; SEQ ID NO. 2) were used for PCR amplification. The PCR stock solution was sent to Xi'an Qikai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. for sequencing, and the sequencing results are shown as SEQ ID NO. 3. The obtained sequence was compared on the NCBI website to obtain the species information of each strain.

[0029]

[0030] (Three) screening of functional strains 1) screening of phosphorus-solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing strains The glycerol-preserved strains were inoculated into LB liquid medium for activation, and were shaken in a 180 r / min, 28℃ shaker until the bacterial solution was turbid. The bacterial solution was centrifuged at 6000 r / min for 8 min, and the bacterial cells were collected, washed twice with sterile water, and the OD 600 of the bacterial solution was adjusted to about 0.8 with sterile water. 10 μL of the bacterial solution was added dropwise to PKO inorganic phosphorus solid medium, Mengjina organic phosphorus solid medium, and CAS solid medium, and each treatment was repeated three times. The culture was incubated at 28℃ for 3-7 d. Whether transparent circles appeared on each solid medium was observed. If transparent circles appeared, it was proved that the strain had the ability to dissolve inorganic phosphorus, organic phosphorus, and produce siderophores. The diameters (D) of the transparent circles and the diameters (d) of the colonies were recorded, and the ratio of the two diameters (D / d) was used to judge the size of the strain's various abilities.

[0031] 2) screening of EPS-producing strains (1) The ability of the strains to produce EPS was quantitatively determined by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. The glucose standard curve was drawn, with glucose concentration as the horizontal coordinate and OD 490 as the vertical coordinate.

[0032] (2) The strains stored in -80℃ glycerol tubes were activated, diluted, and spread on LB solid medium plates, which were incubated at 28℃ for 3 d. The colonies were observed for "stickiness" with a loop. If there was stickiness, it was preliminarily considered that the strain might produce EPS. The above-mentioned potential EPS-producing strains were cultured in a 180 r / min, 28℃ shaker for 2 d. The bacterial suspension was centrifuged, and 2 mL of supernatant was collected in a centrifuge tube. Anhydrous ethanol was added at a ratio of 1:3, and the mixture was placed in a 4℃ refrigerator for alcohol precipitation overnight. Each treatment was repeated three times. The corresponding strains that appeared as precipitates in the centrifuge tubes were observed and recorded. The precipitates were further centrifuged and dried, and then dissolved in deionized water. Concentrated sulfuric acid and 6% phenol solution were added in sequence, and a yellow reaction was observed. The OD 490 was measured, and the EPS-producing ability of the corresponding strain was calculated according to the above-mentioned glucose standard curve.

[0033] 3) screening of IAA-producing strains (1) Different concentration gradients of IAA solution were prepared. Salkowski colorimetric solution was prepared by mixing 35% HClO4 and 0.5 mol / L FeCl3 at a ratio of 50:1. The IAA solution of each concentration gradient was mixed with the colorimetric solution in equal volume, and the mixture was reacted in the dark for 30 min. The OD 530 was measured. The standard curve was drawn with IAA solution concentration as the horizontal coordinate and OD 530 as the vertical coordinate.

[0034] (2) Take OD 600 about 0.8. Each bacterial liquid was inoculated into Kings liquid medium with an inoculation amount of 1%, and tryptophan with a concentration of 0.2 g / L was added, and the shaker was cultured for 3 d. The bacterial suspension was centrifuged to collect the supernatant, and the supernatant was mixed with the colorimetric liquid in equal volume, and reacted in the dark for 30 min. Each 3 repeats. Observe whether the mixed liquid is pink, if pink appears, it is an IAA-producing strain. Record the corresponding strain with pink, and measure OD 530 , to obtain the IAA concentration of the supernatant.

[0035] 4) Screening of ACC deaminase-producing bacterial strains (1) Qualitative: strains that can grow in ADF medium with ACC as the only nitrogen source are preliminarily determined to have the ability to produce ACC deaminase. Each 3 repeats. ADF medium formula: KH2PO4 4 g / L, Na2HPO4 6 g / L, MgSO4 0.2 g / L, glucose 2 g / L, gluconic acid 2 g / L, citric acid 2 g / L, ACC 0.3 g / L, trace element solution 10 mL / L. Trace element solution formula: KI 0.83 mg / L, H3BO3 6.2 mg / L, MnSO4 22.3 mg / L, ZnSO4 8.6 mg / L, Na2MoO4 0.25 mg / L, CuSO4 0.025 mg / L, CoCl2 0.025 mg / L.

[0036] (2) Quantitative: the amount of α-ketobutyric acid produced per milligram of bacterial protein per hour (µmol) is defined as the activity of ACC deaminase enzyme produced by the strain, with a unit of U / mL. Take the strain preliminarily determined to have the ability to produce ACC deaminase, activate it in LB liquid medium, centrifuge to collect the bacterial cells, wash them twice with 0.1 mol / L Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), resuspend them in ADF liquid medium, and shake the bed for 2-3 d. Collect the bacterial cells, wash them again with Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) twice. Mix the obtained bacterial cells with 0.1 mol / L Tris-HCl (pH 8.5) and pure toluene, and ultrasonicate to obtain crude enzyme solution. React the crude enzyme solution with ACC, and finally measure OD 540 . Prepare a standard solution of α-ketobutyric acid, and draw a standard curve. In addition, the content of bacterial protein is determined by Coomassie brilliant blue method, and finally the activity of ACC deaminase produced by each strain is calculated.

[0037] 5) Functional strain As shown in Table 1, a total of 1 functional strain was screened, and 1 bacterial strain was used for subsequent pot experiment.

[0038] Table 1 Functional strain

[0039] Note: "-" means that the strain does not have this function.

[0040] According to the NCBI alignment, GS127 is a halophilic Bacillus sp. Figures 1-3 The accession number of GS127 is CCTCC NO: M 20252329, which has been preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) located in Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, on October 24, 2025, and is named as Figure 1 GS127.

[0041] (Four) Preparation of SiQDs: Under vigorous stirring, 1 mL of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) and 0.8 g of sodium citrate were added to 20 mL of ultrapure water, and stirred for 5 min to obtain a mixed solution. The mixed solution was transferred to a 100 mL polytetrafluoroethylene-lined stainless steel autoclave, heated at 170°C for 12 h. After cooling to room temperature, the solution was purified by dialysis (molecular weight = 500 Da) for 24 h, and the water was replaced every 4 h. The solid SiQDs were obtained by vacuum freeze-drying.

[0042] SiQDs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FITR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results are shown in Figure 2 .

[0043] As shown in Figure 3 , the size of SiQDs in the TEM image was about 0.21 nm. Figure 3 FTIR showed that there were abundant hydrophilic groups on the surface of SiQDs, and the characteristic peaks corresponded to Si-N (830 cm -1 ), Si-O (1080 cm -1 ), C-O (1460 cm -1 ), C=O (1590 cm -1 ), and N-H / O-H (3440 cm -1 ). Figure 3 XPS analysis results. XPS analysis confirmed the presence of Si, C, O, N, and Na ( Figure 3 A). High-resolution C 1s spectrum showed characteristic peaks of C-C (binding energy: 284.8 eV) and C=O (288.3 eV) ( Figure 3 B). In the high-resolution O 1s spectrum, peaks corresponding to Si-O (531.8 eV) and C=O (535.7 eV) were observed ( Figure 4C). The Si 2p spectrum also shows a peak of Si-O (102.4 eV) Figure 5 D).

[0044] Example 2 Pot experiment of SiQDs combined with halophilic Bacillus GS127 to relieve drought stress of wheat 1) Test plant: wheat (Taime 2513). Culture conditions: 16 h light / 8 h dark, temperature 25 °C day / 20 °C night, artificial control of water. Test soil: collected from the Dongyang test base in Jincheng, Shanxi.

[0045] (1) Select small and uniform grain-filled wheat seeds, disinfect the seeds with a 5% concentration of NaClO solution, and after disinfection, rinse repeatedly with distilled water three times. After disinfection, seed dressing is performed with 500 mg / L SiQDs at 1 L solution, 5 kg of wheat seeds.

[0046] (2) The soil is divided into pots, 2 kg per pot, and the wheat seeds are planted in the soil. The soil moisture is adjusted by adding tap water to reach the normal water content (60% of the field water holding capacity) and the drought water content (40% of the field water holding capacity). After one week of growth, thinning is performed, and three uniform seedlings with good growth are retained.

[0047] (3) After thinning, bacterial liquid inoculation is performed. Halophilic Bacillus GS127 is inoculated into LB medium and cultured at 28 °C, 180 r / min for 24 h to obtain a bacterial liquid. The OD of the bacterial liquid is adjusted to about 0.8. The bacterial liquid is inoculated by root irrigation, and the inoculation amount of each seedling is 10 mL, i.e. the inoculation amount of bacterial liquid for each pot of plants is 30 mL. 600

[0048] To verify the effect of SiQDs combined with halophilic Bacillus GS127 on the aboveground and underground parts of wheat plants under drought, five treatment groups were set up, namely: (1) control: normal treatment group (60% of the field water holding capacity); (2) drought: drought stress (40% of the field water holding capacity); (3) silicon quantum dots: drought stress (40% of the field water holding capacity) + SiQDs; (4) halophilic Bacillus: drought stress (40% of the field water holding capacity) + halophilic Bacillus GS127; (5) silicon quantum dots + halophilic Bacillus: drought stress (40% of the field water holding capacity) + SiQDs + halophilic Bacillus GS127. Each group has 6 replicates. After 4 weeks, the aboveground and underground parts of the wheat plants are collected for determination of relevant indicators.

[0049] 2) Determination results: The growth indicators of wheat (plant height, fresh weight), root development (total root length, root tip number, total root volume, total root surface area) are determined.​

[0050] The results of the wheat growth index determination are shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the figures, the biomass of the leaves and roots of the wheat treated with SiQDs combined with Halobacillus GS127 under drought stress increased significantly.

[0051] The scanning images of the root system of the wheat under different treatments are shown in Figures 8-10 .

[0052] The results of the determination of the root system development index of the wheat are shown in Figure 11 . The treatment of SiQDs combined with Halobacillus GS127 significantly promoted the root system development, increased the total root length, root tip number, total root surface area, and total root volume under drought stress.

[0053] The contents of proline, soluble sugar, and malondialdehyde were determined using a kit purchased from Beijing Solabio Science and Technology Co., Ltd. The results are shown in Figure 12 . Osmotic adjustment substances play a core role in regulating plant metabolic activities and maintaining the stability of osmotic pressure in the body as key factors for plants to respond to drought stress. Drought stress can lead to a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in wheat tissues, and wheat can enhance its adaptability to drought environment by accumulating osmotic adjustment substances. The study found that the combined application of SiQDs and Halobacillus can effectively reduce the content of malondialdehyde in wheat tissues, thereby reducing lipid peroxidation damage; at the same time, this combined treatment can also promote the synthesis and accumulation of proline and soluble sugar in wheat, thereby strengthening the reserve of osmotic adjustment substances and ultimately improving the drought resistance of wheat.

[0054] The photos of the mature stage of the wheat treated with SiQDs combined with Halobacillus GS127 are shown in ​ . Under drought stress, the wheat spikes are small; under the combined treatment, the wheat spikes are more full.

[0055] Example 3: Field application of SiQDs combined with Halobacillus GS127 to relieve drought stress in wheat 1) Select uniform and disease-free wheat seeds (Taime 2513) for planting in the semi-arid agricultural area of Dongyang Experimental Base in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, and divide the planting area into plots with an area of 30 m 2 (3.0 m x 10.0 m), with a buffer zone of 0.5 m between adjacent plots.

[0056] Four treatments were set up in the experiment, which were: (1) Control: no additional fertilizer was applied; (2) Bacillus halodurans: Bacillus halodurans GS127 (10 L / acre) was applied alone; (3) SiQDs: SiQDs was used for seed dressing; (4) SiQDs + Bacillus halodurans: Bacillus halodurans GS127 (10 L / acre) and SiQDs were applied in combination. SiQDs seed dressing for wheat: SiQDs was used at a concentration of 500 mg / L, 1 L solution, 5 kg of wheat seeds were used for seed dressing. Four replicates were set up for each treatment. All treatment groups were sown with the same amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer as basal fertilizer before planting. Bacillus halodurans GS127 (OD600 of the bacterial solution was 0.8) was applied by spraying one month and five months after wheat planting, and the amount used was 10 L per mu each time.

[0057] 2) Determination results: The results of the field yield and water use efficiency of wheat treated with SiQDs combined with Bacillus halodurans GS127 are shown in ​ and Table 2. The yield and water use efficiency of wheat treated with SiQDs combined with Bacillus halodurans GS127 were significantly increased under drought stress.

[0058] Table 2

[0059] The above description of disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to carry out or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for planting wheat to alleviate drought stress by combined application of SiQDs seed dressing and halophilic Bacillus sp., characterized in that, Comprising the following steps: (1) Preparation of SiQDs: 1 mL of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and 0.8 g of sodium citrate were added to 20 mL of ultrapure water under vigorous stirring, and stirred for 5 min to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution was transferred to a 100 mL polytetrafluoroethylene-lined stainless steel autoclave, heated at 170°C for 12 h; after cooling to room temperature, the solution was purified by dialysis for 24 h, and the water was replaced every 4 h; the purified SiQDs were obtained by vacuum freeze-drying; the dialysis bag used for dialysis had a molecular weight of 500 Da; (2) SiQDs combined with Halobacillus GS127 to relieve drought stress on wheat: 500 mg / L of SiQDs solution was used to treat wheat seeds, with a dosage ratio of 1 L of SiQDs solution to 5 kg of wheat seeds; the treated wheat seeds were planted in soil, and Halobacillus GS127 with an OD600 of 0.8 was sprayed one month and five months after sowing, with a dosage of 10 L per mu each time; The preservation number of the Halobacillus GS127 is CCTCC NO: M 20252329.

2. Use of the method of claim 1 to increase wheat yield under drought conditions.

3. Use of the method of claim 1 to increase water use efficiency of wheat under drought conditions.

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