A marine battery charging guidance device based on a national standard DC charging pile

Abstract

A marine battery charging guidance device based on a national standard DC charging pile belongs to the field of marine DC charging technology. It includes an MCU, an isolated RS485 communication chip, an optocoupler-isolated DI control interface, a relay-isolated DO control interface, a charging pile control interface, and an EEPROM connected to the MCU. The first channel of the isolated RS485 communication chip serves as the BMS communication interface, and the second channel serves as the external control system communication interface. The optocoupler-isolated DI control interface corresponds to charging enable, device reset, and custom functions. The relay-isolated DO control interface corresponds to charging gun access status, charging status, charging pile alarm, and BMS alarm. The charging pile control interface includes a CAN interface and a CC2 interface. Advantages: It can guide the charging of DC charging piles and has an external control interface, allowing the external control system to effectively manage the entire battery charging process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine DC charging technology, specifically relating to a marine battery charging guidance device based on a national standard DC charging pile. Background Technology

[0002] The national standard DC charging pile is a standard in the automotive industry, mainly used for replenishing the power of electric vehicles, and follows relevant automotive industry specifications. Currently, there are no clear national standards for the charging portion of marine batteries. There are currently two common charging methods for marine batteries:

[0003] One approach involves charging the battery via AC shore power, through an AC distribution board, a household inverter, an AC / DC converter, a DC busbar, and a DC / DC converter. However, this method suffers from complex energy transfer steps, significant energy loss, and relatively low charging power, failing to meet the shipbuilding industry's demands for rapid charging and energy efficiency.

[0004] The second method involves directly connecting a vehicle-mounted BMS (Battery Management System) to a charging station for charging. This method involves a point-to-point interconnection between the BMS and the charging station. During charging, it is impossible to comprehensively consider the working status of other ship equipment outside the battery. Furthermore, since the BMS is vehicle-mounted, its internal control logic and external system interfaces cannot be fully matched with the ship's management system. Therefore, this technical approach has certain system incompatibility issues and cannot meet the overall control requirements of the ship.

[0005] Third, a marine energy storage BMS is used for blind charging with a regular charger. This method relies solely on the BMS for internal current, voltage, and temperature detection and protection, and the charger for current limiting. There is no interaction between the two ends, so this technical approach also has significant safety risks.

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned existing technology, it is necessary to improve the charging structure of existing marine batteries. To this end, the applicant has made a useful design, and the technical solution to be introduced below is produced in this context. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a marine battery charging guidance device based on a national standard DC charging pile, which guides the charging of the battery by connecting to the DC charging pile, and also has an external control interface, allowing an external control system to effectively manage the entire battery charging process.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved by providing a marine battery charging guidance device based on a national standard DC charging pile. The device includes an MCU, an isolated RS485 communication chip, an optocoupler-isolated DI control interface, a relay-isolated DO control interface, a charging pile control interface, and an EEPROM connected to the MCU. The isolated RS485 communication chip has two channels: the first channel serves as the BMS communication interface for collecting battery pack information connected to the BMS, and the second channel serves as the communication interface for an external control system. The optocoupler-isolated DI control interface and the relay-isolated DO control interface are respectively connected to the external control system. The optocoupler-isolated DI control interface corresponds to charging enable, device reset, and custom functions. The relay-isolated DO control interface corresponds to charging gun access status, charging status, charging pile alarm, and BMS alarm. The charging pile control interface includes a CAN interface and a CC2 interface, which controls the charging gun to charge the battery pack. The EEPROM is used to store the configuration parameters of this device.

[0009] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the charging pile control interface has two channels, which can independently connect to two charging piles and control the two charging piles to charge the battery pack together.

[0010] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the CAN interface is used for CAN communication to control the charging process of the charging pile according to national standards; the CC2 interface is used to receive the CC2 charging gun insertion signal, collect the CC2 signal, and confirm whether the charging gun is correctly inserted.

[0011] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the CAN interface adopts an isolated CAN transceiver chip; the CC2 interface acquires the CC2 signal through an operational amplifier and an analog isolation chip, and then through an ADC chip.

[0012] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the BMS is a marine energy storage BMS.

[0013] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the BMS is a vehicle BMS, which is communicatively connected to an external control system.

[0014] In a further specific embodiment of the present invention, the optocoupler-isolated DI control interface adopts an ORPC-3H7C isolation optocoupler; the relay-isolated DO control interface adopts an HFD4 / 5 relay.

[0015] In a further specific embodiment of the present invention, the optocoupler-isolated DI control interface has four channels, including a charging enable interface, a device reset interface, a first custom function interface, and a second custom function interface. The first and second custom function interfaces are used for function expansion. When the charging enable interface input is low and the charging gun is detected to be correctly inserted, it is determined that the battery pack is currently being charged. If there is no abnormality, the charging pile is guided to charge the battery pack according to the national standard charging process. When the charging enable interface input is low, it is determined that the current battery pack is in a discharging state. If it is already in the charging process, the normal stop charging process is executed according to the national standard. If charging has not started, it directly jumps to the stop charging state. When the device reset interface input is low, the current charging process is ended first, and then a soft reset is performed.

[0016] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the relay-isolated DO control interface has four channels, including a charging gun connection status contact, a charging status contact, a charging pile alarm contact, and a BMS alarm contact. When the charging gun is connected, the input voltage of CC2 is detected through the CC2 interface. The connection status of the charging gun is determined based on the CC2 voltage. If the voltage is within the threshold range, the charging gun connection status contact is closed, indicating that the charging gun is connected. If the voltage is not within the threshold range, the charging gun connection status contact is open, indicating that the charging gun is not connected. When the charging enable interface outputs... When the input is low and the charging gun is correctly inserted, charging begins. If the battery is not fully charged, the charging status contact closes, indicating that charging is in progress. If the battery pack is fully charged, the charging status contact opens, indicating that charging is complete. After the charging gun is plugged in, if an alarm message is detected in the charging pile via the national standard charging message, the charging pile alarm contact closes. If there is no alarm message in the charging pile, the charging pile alarm contact opens. When the RS485 communication with the BMS is connected and a charging alarm is detected in the BMS, the BMS alarm contact closes. If no charging alarm is detected in the BMS, the BMS alarm contact opens.

[0017] Due to the aforementioned structure, this invention offers the following advantages compared to existing technologies: it enables charging guidance via DC charging piles to charge the battery, while also providing an external control interface that allows for effective management of the entire battery charging process by an external control system; it solves the drawback of marine energy storage BMSs being unable to directly charge standard charging piles; it addresses the issues of vehicle-mounted BMSs being unable to comprehensively consider the working status of other shipboard equipment outside the battery, and the inability of vehicle-mounted BMS internal control logic and external system interfaces to fully match the ship management system; and it enables dual-gun charging, improving charging efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a topology diagram illustrating an application example of the present invention connected to a marine energy storage BMS and an international DC charging station.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a topology diagram illustrating an application example of the present invention when connected to a vehicle BMS, a ship management system, and a national standard DC charging pile.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a topology diagram of an application example of the present invention using dual-gun charging. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the description of the embodiments is not a limitation on the technical solution. Any formal but not substantive changes made based on the concept of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the following description, all directional (or orientational) concepts involving up, down, left, right, front, and back refer to the position of the figure being described, and are intended to facilitate public understanding. Therefore, they should not be construed as a special limitation on the technical solution provided by this invention.

[0024] The purpose of this invention is to provide a marine battery charging guidance device based on a national standard DC charging pile. This device guides the battery pack to the DC charging pile for charging, and also provides an external control interface, allowing an external control system (such as a ship management system) to effectively manage the entire battery charging process.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 This invention relates to a marine battery charging guidance device based on a national standard DC charging pile, comprising an MCU, and an isolated RS485 communication chip, an optocoupler-isolated DI (Digital Input) control interface, a relay-isolated DO (Digital Output) control interface, a charging pile control interface, and an EEPROM connected to the MCU. The MCU uses a Huada HC32F4A0, which has an ARM Cortex-M4 core, a maximum clock speed of 240MHz, two CAN channels, ten USART channels, and 2MB Flash, fully meeting the functional and performance requirements of this device. The optocoupler-isolated DI control interface uses an ORPC-3H7C isolated optocoupler; the relay-isolated DO control interface uses an HFD4 / 5 relay.

[0026] The aforementioned isolated RS485 communication chip has two channels. The first channel serves as the communication interface to the BMS, using the RS485 interface to collect battery pack information connected to the BMS. The second channel is used as the communication interface with an external control system, receiving status information and control commands from the external control system. RS485 is a commonly used industrial interface, widely applied, and highly compatible, making it suitable as the communication method for this application.

[0027] The charging pile control interface has two channels, which can independently connect to two charging piles and control the charging of the battery pack by the two charging piles. Each charging pile control interface includes one CAN interface for CAN communication and control of the charging process according to national standards, and one CC2 interface for receiving the CC2 charging gun insertion signal, collecting the CC2 signal, and confirming whether the charging gun is correctly inserted. Here, the CAN communication uses the isolated CAN transceiver chip CTM1051AMG. The CC2 signal is passed through an operational amplifier and an analog isolation chip, and then acquired by a 16-bit ADC chip. In this embodiment, the analog acquisition uses the SGM8249 operational amplifier and the SMG51652H8 high-precision ADC chip. The EEPROM uses the FM24C256A, an 8KB EEPROM chip, used to store the configuration parameters of this device.

[0028] The aforementioned optocoupler-isolated DI control interface has four channels, defined as a charging enable interface, a device reset interface, a first custom function interface, and a second custom function interface. Two "custom function" inputs are reserved here for function expansion. All four interfaces are connected to an external control system to realize hard-point control input. Specifically:

[0029] S11) When the charging enable interface input is low and the charging gun is correctly inserted, the guiding device determines that the battery pack is currently being charged. If there is no abnormality, the charging pile will start charging the battery pack according to the national standard charging process. When the charging enable interface input is low, the guiding device determines that the battery pack is currently in a discharging state. If it is already in the charging process, the normal stop charging process will be executed according to the national standard. If charging has not started, it will directly jump to the stop charging state.

[0030] S12) When the device reset interface input is low, the guiding device first ends the current charging process and then performs a soft reset.

[0031] The aforementioned relay-isolated DO control interface also has four channels: a charging gun connection status contact, a charging status (charging in progress / charging complete) contact, a charging pile alarm contact, and a BMS alarm contact, which connect to and output corresponding signals to an external control system. Specifically:

[0032] S21) When the charging gun is connected, the guiding device detects the input voltage of CC2 through the CC2 interface and determines whether the charging gun is connected correctly based on the CC2 voltage. If the voltage is within the threshold range, the charging gun connection status contact is closed, indicating that the charging gun is connected. If the voltage is not within the threshold range, the charging gun connection status contact is open, indicating that the charging gun is not connected.

[0033] S22) When the charging enable interface input is low and the charging gun is correctly inserted, charging begins. If the battery is not fully charged, the charging status contact closes to indicate "charging in progress". If the battery pack is fully charged, the charging status contact opens to indicate "charging complete".

[0034] S23) After the charging gun is plugged in, if an alarm message is detected in the charging pile through the national standard charging message, the alarm contact of the charging pile will be closed; if there is no alarm message in the charging pile, the alarm contact of the charging pile will be opened.

[0035] S24) When the RS485 communication of the BMS is connected and a charging alarm is detected in the BMS, the BMS alarm contact is closed. If no charging alarm is detected in the BMS, the BMS alarm contact is opened.

[0036] Figure 2 This illustration demonstrates an application example of the present invention in conjunction with a marine energy storage BMS and a national standard DC charging pile. One of the two isolated RS485 communication chips is connected to the marine energy storage BMS, and one of the two charging pile control interfaces is connected to the charging pile, which is connected to the battery pack, which in turn is connected to the marine energy storage BMS. Marine energy storage BMSs are typically used in box-type power supplies and do not have the ability to directly interact and control national standard charging piles, but they do have an RS485 communication port. In this embodiment, the RS485 port of the isolated RS485 communication chip reads the current voltage, temperature, maximum allowable charging current, maximum allowable charging voltage, alarm status, fire protection system, ventilation system, and other necessary charging control conditions of the marine energy storage BMS. Simultaneously, the MCU needs to monitor the CC2 and CAN signals of the charging pile control interface. When both the charging pile and the marine energy storage BMS are ready for charging, the device begins the process of handshaking, preparing, and charging with the DC charging pile according to the national standard charging control procedure, and stops the charging process in a timely manner based on the battery's full charge status. This embodiment addresses the pain point that marine energy storage BMS cannot be directly charged by national standard charging piles.

[0037] Figure 3This illustration demonstrates an application example of the present invention in conjunction with a vehicle-mounted BMS, a ship management system, and a standard DC charging pile. In this embodiment, one of the two isolated RS485 communication chips is connected to the communication interface of the ship management system, and one of the two charging pile control interfaces is connected to the charging pile, which charges the battery pack. The vehicle-mounted BMS is connected to both the battery pack and the ship management system. An optocoupler-isolated DI control interface is connected to the DO output of the ship management system; a relay-isolated DO control interface is connected to the DI input of the ship management system. Since the vehicle-mounted BMS cannot comprehensively consider the operating status of other ship equipment outside the battery, and because the BMS is vehicle-mounted, its internal control logic and external system interfaces cannot be fully matched with the ship management system, this embodiment uses an external ship management system to comprehensively collect the ship system's operating status, BMS status, and charging pile status, and then the ship management system manages the charging process uniformly. The ship management system obtains the current battery status by communicating with the vehicle-mounted BMS. After collecting information from other ship equipment and making a comprehensive judgment, it controls the charging guidance device via RS485 communication to guide the charging pile to charge the battery pack. The ship management system can also execute custom control logic through the optocoupler-isolated DI control interface and obtain the working status of the charging guidance device through the relay-isolated DO control interface.

[0038] Figure 4 This illustration demonstrates an application example of dual-gun charging based on the present invention. In this embodiment, one of the two isolated RS485 communication chips is connected to a BMS (Body Management System), which can be either marine or automotive. The other chip is connected to the communication interface of the ship management system. Two charging pile control interfaces are each connected to a charging pile, and the two charging piles jointly charge a battery pack, which is controlled and managed by the BMS. An optocoupler-isolated DI control interface is connected to the DO output of the ship management system; a relay-isolated DO control interface is connected to the DI input of the ship management system. Since the capacity of marine batteries is typically more than 10 times larger than that of passenger car batteries (a single containerized battery can reach 2000kWh), single-gun charging cannot meet the demands of fast charging. This embodiment configures two charging interfaces, allowing independent charging guidance to two charging piles while simultaneously charging a battery pack, doubling the efficiency of the original single-gun charging.

[0039] This invention solves the drawback that marine energy storage BMS cannot be directly charged by national standard charging piles, and solves the problem that vehicle BMS cannot comprehensively consider the working status of other ship equipment outside the battery, and that the internal control logic and external system interface of vehicle BMS cannot be fully matched with the ship management system. It can also realize dual-gun charging to improve charging efficiency, thus achieving the purpose of the invention.

Claims

1. A battery charging guide device for ships based on a national standard DC charging pile, characterized by: The application relates to a BMS (Battery Management System) for a battery pack, which comprises an MCU, and an isolated RS485 communication chip, an optocoupler isolated DI control interface, a relay isolated DO control interface, a charging pile control interface and an EEPROM connected with the MCU, wherein the isolated RS485 communication chip has two paths, the first path is used as a communication interface of the BMS to collect battery pack information connected with the BMS, and the second path is used as a communication interface of an external control system, the optocoupler isolated DI control interface and the relay isolated DO control interface are connected with the external control system, the optocoupler isolated DI control interface corresponds to charging permission, device reset and self-defined functions, the relay isolated DO control interface corresponds to charging gun access state, charging state, charging pile alarm and BMS alarm, the charging pile control interface comprises a CAN interface and a CC2 interface, the charging pile control interface controls the charging gun to charge the battery pack, and the EEPROM is used for storing configuration parameters of the device.

2. The battery charging guide device for ships based on the national standard DC charging pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging pile control interface has two paths, can independently connect two charging piles, and controls the two charging piles to jointly charge the battery pack.

3. The battery charging guide device for ships based on the national standard DC charging pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The CAN interface is used for CAN communication and carries out national standard charging process control on the charging pile; and the CC2 interface is used for receiving a CC2 charging gun insertion signal, collecting the CC2 signal, and confirming whether the charging gun is correctly inserted.

4. The battery charging guide device for ships based on the national standard DC charging pile according to claim 3, characterized in that: The CAN interface adopts an isolated CAN transceiver chip; and the CC2 interface collects the CC2 signal through an operational amplifier and an analog quantity isolation chip and then through an ADC chip.

5. The battery charging guide device for ships based on the national standard DC charging pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The BMS is a marine energy storage BMS.

6. The battery charging guide device for ships based on the national standard DC charging pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The BMS is a vehicle BMS, which is in communication connection with the external control system.

7. The battery charging guide device for ships based on the national standard DC charging pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optocoupler isolated DI control interface adopts an ORPC-3H7C isolation optocoupler; and the relay isolated DO control interface adopts an HFD4 / 5 relay.

8. The battery charging guide device for ships based on the national standard DC charging pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optocoupler isolated DI control interface has four paths, including a charging permission interface, a device reset interface, a first self-defined function interface and a second self-defined function interface, the first and second self-defined function interfaces are used as function expansion, when the charging permission interface input is low and the charging gun is correctly inserted, it is determined that the battery pack is currently being charged, if there is no abnormal condition, the charging pile is guided to charge the battery pack according to the national standard charging process, when the charging permission interface input is low, it is determined that the battery pack is in a discharging state, if the charging process has been started, the normal charging process is stopped according to the national standard, if the charging has not been started, the charging is directly stopped; when the device reset interface input is low, the current charging process is ended, and then soft reset is carried out.

9. The battery charging guide device for marine use based on the national standard DC charging pile according to claim 7, characterized in that: The relay isolation type DO control interface has four paths, including a charging gun access state contact, a charging state contact, a charging pile alarm contact and a BMS alarm contact; when the charging gun is accessed, the input voltage of the CC2 interface is detected through the CC2, whether the charging gun is correctly accessed is determined according to the CC2 voltage, if the voltage is within the threshold range, the charging gun access state contact is closed, indicating that the charging gun has been accessed, if the voltage is not within the threshold range, the charging gun access state contact is disconnected, indicating that the charging gun has not been accessed; when the charging permission interface input is low and the charging gun is correctly inserted, charging is started, if it is not full, the charging state contact is closed, indicating that the charging is in progress, if the battery pack is full, the charging state contact is disconnected, indicating that the charging is completed; after the charging gun is inserted, if the charging pile alarm information is recognized through the national standard charging message, the charging pile alarm contact is closed, if the charging pile has no alarm information, the charging pile alarm contact is disconnected; when the RS485 communication of the BMS is accessed, and the charging alarm of the BMS is recognized, the BMS alarm contact is closed, if the charging alarm of the BMS is not recognized, the BMS alarm contact is disconnected.

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