High-extreme-pressure emulsified cutting fluid and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal working fluids, and particularly relates to a high-extreme-pressure emulsified cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof. The high-extreme-pressure emulsified cutting fluid is prepared by uniformly mixing a cutting fluid working fluid and an ionic liquid at room temperature, the cutting fluid working fluid is prepared by uniformly mixing a cutting fluid stock solution and water at room temperature. The cutting fluid stock solution is prepared from the following components: tetrameric ricinoleate, pentaerythritol oleate, trimethylolpropane oleate, an emulsifier, barium petroleum sulfonate, sodium petroleum sulfonate, zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, sebacic acid, triethanolamine, ethanolamine, a bactericide, a defoaming agent, alcohol ether carboxylic acid, benzotriazole, boric acid and the balance of water. The high-extreme-pressure emulsified cutting fluid has good lubricating property, the lubricating property and the extreme pressure property of the emulsified cutting fluid are remarkably improved by introducing the ionic liquid, and the maximum non-seizure load PB value can reach 2708N.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of metal processing fluid, and particularly relates to a high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a milky white cutting fluid composition with significantly improved lubricity, extreme pressure and wear resistance by adding an ionic liquid, which can be applied to the mechanical processing of high-hardness aluminum, titanium alloy and other metals. BACKGROUND

[0002] Cutting fluid plays an important role in mechanical processing, such as cooling, lubrication, cleaning and rust prevention. The milky white cutting fluid, usually a microemulsion, is widely used in turning, milling, grinding and other processing technologies due to its good cooling, cleaning and lubricity. The traditional microemulsion cutting fluid is usually composed of mineral oil, emulsifier, lubricant, rust inhibitor, bactericide and defoamer. However, the milky white cutting fluid of the prior art has some inherent shortcomings: 1. Its lubricity and extreme pressure are still insufficient compared with semi-synthetic or synthetic cutting fluid, which is difficult to meet the needs of high-strength processing; 2. The traditional extreme pressure agent added to improve lubricity has poor environmental performance, is prone to spoilage, and has corrosion effect on non-ferrous metals; 3. The stability of the system, especially under hard water conditions and after long-term storage, is prone to problems such as delamination and oil separation.

[0003] Ionic liquid is a molten salt in liquid state at room temperature or near room temperature, which has unique advantages such as low vapor pressure, good thermal stability, strong solubility and designable structure. In recent years, our research group has tried to apply ionic liquid as an additive in the field of lubrication. Chinese patent CN116574555A discloses several alcohol amine phosphate ionic liquid combinations. Previous research (CN116947654A) found that alcohol amine phosphate ionic liquid has good oil solubility and can effectively improve the extreme pressure and lubricity of base oil, showing excellent tribological properties. Previous research (CN116143829A) found that protonic ionic liquid prepared with alkyl amine as organic cation and phosphate as organic anion can be used as a base oil additive to greatly improve the comprehensive performance of the base oil. However, there is no mature product reported on the use of this ionic liquid as a high-efficiency additive to complex with the traditional microemulsion cutting fluid system to solve the problem of difficult to balance lubricity and stability.

[0004] Therefore, it is of important industrial application value to develop an environmentally friendly emulsified cutting fluid with excellent lubricity, extreme pressure, stability and long service life. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application aims to provide a high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof.The cutting fluid significantly improves the lubrication, friction reduction and extreme pressure performance of the working fluid by adding a specific type of ionic liquid in situ in a traditional microemulsion system.

[0006] The present application further provides the application of the high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: A high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid is prepared by uniformly mixing a cutting fluid working fluid and an ionic liquid at room temperature.

[0008] Specifically, in the high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid, the mass ratio of the cutting fluid working fluid to the ionic liquid is 200: (1-5).

[0009] Specifically, the ionic liquid is an alcohol amine phosphate ester ionic liquid.

[0010] Specifically, the cutting fluid working fluid is prepared by uniformly mixing a cutting fluid stock solution and water at room temperature.

[0011] Specifically, in the cutting fluid working fluid, the mass fraction of the cutting fluid stock solution is 2-8%.

[0012] Specifically, the cutting fluid stock solution is composed of the following components in weight percentage: 8-25% tetrameric ricinoleic acid ester, 8-25% pentaerythritol oleate, 8-25% trimethylolpropane oleate, 15-25% emulsifier, 4-8% barium petroleum sulfonate, 4-8% sodium petroleum sulfonate, 3-6% zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, 0.06-1% sebacic acid, 1-2% triethanolamine, 0.02-0.05% ethanolamine, 1-4% bactericide, 0.06-1% defoamer, 0.02-0.07% alcohol ether carboxylic acid, 0.01-0.02% benzotriazole, 0.01-0.02% boric acid, and the balance being water.

[0013] Further preferably, the cutting fluid stock solution is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 8% to 25% tetrapalmitate, 8% to 25% pentaerythritol oleate, 8% to 25% trimethylolpropane oleate, 20% to 25% emulsifier, 4% to 6% barium petroleum sulfonate, 4% to 6% sodium petroleum sulfonate, 4% to 5% zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, 0.06% to 1% sebacic acid, 1% to 2% triethanolamine, 0.02% to 0.05% ethanolamine, 2% to 4% bactericide, 0.06% to 1% defoamer, 0.02% to 0.07% alcohol ether carboxylic acid, 0.01% to 0.02% benzotriazole, 0.01% to 0.02% boric acid, and the balance being water.

[0014] Specifically, when preparing the cutting fluid stock solution, the raw materials are mixed and stirred at 60 to 80°C for 2 to 6 hours according to the above mass percentage.

[0015] Specifically, when using the cutting fluid stock solution, the cutting fluid stock solution is mixed with water at room temperature to prepare a cutting fluid working solution.

[0016] Specifically, when preparing the high-EP emulsified cutting fluid, the cutting fluid working solution is mixed with the ionic liquid at room temperature to obtain the high-EP emulsified cutting fluid; the mass percentage of the cutting fluid working solution in the high-EP emulsified cutting fluid is 2 to 8%.

[0017] Further, the emulsifier is one or more of a butyl ether compound, a polysorbate, an octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and a Span.

[0018] Further, the emulsifier is one or more of Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60, Tween 80, Span 20, Span 40, Span 60, and Span 80, preferably Tween 80.

[0019] Further, the phosphate ester is one or more of bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, dibutyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, isopropyl phosphate, and tris (4-nonylphenyl) phosphite, preferably bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate.

[0020] Further, the alkyl alcohol amine is one or more of triisopropanolamine, diethanolamine, N-butyl diethanolamine, and N,N-dimethyl ethanolamine, preferably N-butyl diethanolamine.

[0021] Further, the bactericide is one or more of MBK (oxazoline heterocyclic compound), MBM (N,N'-methylene bis morpholine), NS-MBM (bis morpholine methane derivative), MBO (3,3'-methylene bis (5-methyl oxazoline)), BK (1,3, 5-tris (2-hydroxyethyl)-hexahydrotriazine), and BIT (1,2-benzisothiazoline-3-ketone).

[0022] Further, the defoaming agent is an organic silicon defoaming agent (such as T932, TL-56N, ac005, ac006), a polyether defoaming agent (such as GP glycerol polyether, GPE polyoxyethylene ether, or PPG polypropylene glycol), a polyether modified organic silicon defoaming agent (such as BYK-044, THIX-299), or a mineral oil defoaming agent (such as DF-681F, MO2163).

[0023] Further, based on one general inventive concept, the present application also provides a preparation method of the high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid, comprising the following steps: 1) First, mix and stir the raw materials of the cutting fluid stock solution according to the above mass percentage at 60-80°C for 2-6h, to obtain the cutting fluid stock solution; 2) Then, mix and stir the cutting fluid stock solution and water at room temperature to obtain the cutting fluid working solution; 3) Finally, mix and stir the cutting fluid working solution and ionic liquid at room temperature to obtain the high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid.

[0024] Specifically, in the high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid, the mass ratio of the cutting fluid working solution to the ionic liquid is 200: (1-5).

[0025] Specifically, the ionic liquid is an alcohol amine phosphate ionic liquid.

[0026] Specifically, in the cutting fluid working solution, the mass percentage of the cutting fluid stock solution is 2-8%.

[0027] Further, based on one general inventive concept, the present application also provides a preparation method of the alcohol amine phosphate ionic liquid, comprising the following steps: 0.05-0.2 mol of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (as anion) is mixed with an equimolar amount of N-butyldiethanolamine (as a cation) of the anion (bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate) and 30-50 g of acetonitrile. The mixture is placed in a reaction vessel and heated under reflux at 70-90 °C for 16-24 h. The acetonitrile is then removed by vacuum distillation at 50-70 °C using a rotary evaporator. Finally, the mixture is vacuum-dried in a vacuum drying oven at 70-90 °C for 12-24 h to obtain the ionic liquid.

[0028] Furthermore, the high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid prepared by this invention can be used for machining high-hardness metals or alloys such as aluminum and titanium alloys.

[0029] Furthermore, the tribological properties of the prepared high extreme pressure emulsion cutting fluid were tested using a four-ball friction tester (MS-10A).

[0030] Specifically, during tribological performance testing, the testing conditions of the friction testing machine are as follows: the temperature is room temperature; the load is one or more of 147N, 196N, 294N, 343N, and 392N, more preferably 196N; the rotational speed is one or more of 1200r / min, 1450r / min, and 1700r / min, more preferably 1450r / min; and the time is 30~50min, more preferably 30min.

[0031] Furthermore, based on a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides the application of the high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid in metal or alloy cutting, grinding or machining.

[0032] Specifically, the metals mentioned are aluminum, titanium, copper, etc.

[0033] Specifically, the alloy is one or more of the following: copper alloy, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, zinc-copper alloy, nickel-copper alloy, and tin-copper alloy.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: 1. Excellent lubricity and extreme pressure properties: Ionic liquids can form a strong adsorption film and reaction film on the friction surface, which greatly reduces the coefficient of friction and achieves maximum non-seize load. P B Its value far exceeds that of traditional cutting fluids, reaching up to 2000N or more, effectively improving extreme pressure performance.

[0035] 2. Stability and long-term effectiveness: The addition of ionic liquids helps stabilize the oil-water interface, improves the hard water resistance and long-term storage stability of microemulsions, and ionic liquids have good antibacterial and thermal stability, which helps extend the service life of cutting fluids and reduce the frequency of fluid changes.

[0036] 3. Environmental protection and safety: the selected ionic liquid does not contain harmful elements such as sulfur and chlorine, is friendly to the environment, and is safer for operating workers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 Maximum non-galling load for examples 1-9 in the present application P B FIG. Figure 2 Friction coefficient curve of the cutting fluid prepared in examples 1-3 in the present application; Figure 3 Friction coefficient curve of the cutting fluid prepared in examples 4-6 in the present application; Figure 4 Friction coefficient curve of the cutting fluid prepared in examples 7-9 in the present application; Figure 5 Abrasion spot diameter and average abrasion spot diameter of the cutting fluid prepared in examples 1-2, examples 4-5 and examples 7-8 in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in a clear and complete manner. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] The instrument equipment used in the following embodiments is commercially available conventional instrument equipment unless otherwise specified. The other reagents and materials used are commercially available conventional reagent materials unless otherwise specified. The experimental methods involved in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0040] The room temperature in the following embodiments refers to 25±5℃.

[0041] In the present application, a four-ball friction tester (MS-10A) is used to test the tribological properties of the prepared cutting fluid.

[0042] The steel ball used in the test is a Φ=12.7mm GCr15 bearing steel ball. The test conditions of the friction tester are as follows: temperature is room temperature, load is 196N; speed is 1450r / min; time is 30min.

[0043] In the present application, the ionic liquid used is an alcohol amine phosphate ionic liquid, and the specific preparation method is as follows: 0.05 mol of bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (brand 45881A, Shanghai Titan Science and Technology Co., Ltd.) is added to a 500 ml round-bottom flask as an anion, and 0.05 mol of N-butyl diethanolamine (brand 11413A, Shanghai Titan Science and Technology Co., Ltd.) is added as a cation, then 30 g of acetonitrile is added and mixed, heated to reflux at 80°C in a heat collecting magnetic stirrer (equipment model DF-101S), and the temperature is kept for 16-24 h, then acetonitrile is removed by vacuum distillation at 60°C using a rotary evaporator, and finally vacuum is applied for 12-24 h at 80°C in a vacuum drying box to obtain an alcohol amine phosphate ionic liquid.

[0044] Example 1 Example 1 provides a high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid, which is prepared by the following steps: The preparation method of the cutting fluid stock solution 1 is as follows: the raw materials are sequentially added to a reaction kettle, heated to 60°C and stirred for 3 h to make the raw materials fully mixed and uniform, and a transparent and uniform cutting fluid stock solution 1 is obtained. The mass percentage of each raw material is as follows: 8%-10% tetrapolymerized ricinoleic acid ester (brand 204P, Nanjing Kai Lian New Material Co., Ltd.), 20%-22% pentaerythritol oleate (brand 2719E, Nanjing Kai Lian New Material Co., Ltd.), 20%-22% trimethylolpropane oleate (brand 3219T, Nanjing Kai Lian New Material Co., Ltd.), 4%-6% barium petroleum sulfonate (CAS No. 70984-10-0, Hubei Wande Chemical Co., Ltd.), 4%-6% sodium petroleum sulfonate (CAS No. 68608-26-4, Hubei Wande Chemical Co., Ltd.), 4%-6% zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, 0.6%-1% sebacic acid (CAS No. 111-20-6, Hubei Wande Chemical Co., Ltd.), 1%-2% triethanolamine, 0.4%-0.6% ethanolamine, 0.01%-0.02% benzotriazole, 0.01%-0.02% boric acid, 20%-22% emulsifier (Tween 80), 2.5%-4% bactericide MBM, 0.02%-0.07% alcohol ether carboxylic acid (brand AEC-9Na, Wanhua Supply Chain Service Co., Ltd.), 0.04%-0.08% defoamer (brand ac006, Hefei Xi Yi New Material Technology Trade Co., Ltd.), and the balance is tap water.

[0045] The cutting fluid stock solution 1 is mixed with tap water to prepare a cutting fluid working solution 20 g, and is shaken uniformly, wherein the mass percentage of the cutting fluid stock solution 1 is 5%, and the mass percentage of tap water is 95%. The tribological performance is tested by a four-ball friction tester (MS-10A), and the test conditions are room temperature, load 196 N, rotation speed 1450 r / min, and time 30 min.

[0046] Test results are as follows Figure 2 As shown, the diameter of the wear scar on the surface of the steel ball was measured using an optical microscope, and the test results are as follows. Figure 5 As shown. The maximum non-seize load of the obtained cutting fluid. P B Values ​​such as Figure 1 As shown, it is 981N, which has good extreme pressure performance.

[0047] The commercial brand names or CAS numbers of tetrameric castor oil oleate, pentaerythritol oleate, trimethylolpropane oleate, barium petroleum sulfonate, sodium petroleum sulfonate, sebacic acid, alcohol ether carboxylic acid, and defoamer in the following examples are the same as in Example 1.

[0048] Example 2 Example 2 provides a high extreme pressure emulsion cutting fluid. The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that: In Example 2, 0.1 g of ionic liquid was added to the 20 g cutting fluid working fluid prepared in Example 1 and shaken thoroughly. Its tribological properties were tested using a four-ball friction tester (MS-10A) under the following conditions: room temperature, load 196 N, rotation speed 1450 r / min, and time 30 min.

[0049] Test results are as follows Figure 2 As shown, the diameter of the wear scar on the surface of the steel ball was measured using an optical microscope, and the test results are as follows. Figure 5 As shown. The maximum non-seize load of the obtained cutting fluid. P B Values ​​such as Figure 1 As shown, the value is 1403N. It can be seen that adding a small amount of ionic liquid to this cutting fluid can effectively improve the lubrication performance of the solution.

[0050] Example 3 Example 3 provides a high extreme pressure emulsion cutting fluid. The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that: In Example 3, 0.2 g of ionic liquid was added to the 20 g cutting fluid working fluid prepared in Example 1 and shaken thoroughly. Its tribological properties were tested using a four-ball friction tester (MS-10A) under the following conditions: room temperature, load 196 N, rotation speed 1450 r / min, and time 30 min.

[0051] Test results are as follows Figure 2 As shown, the maximum non-seize load of the obtained cutting fluid P B Values ​​such as Figure 1 As shown, the value is 2207N. It can be seen that adding a significant amount of ionic liquid to this cutting fluid effectively improves the extreme pressure performance of the solution, but slightly increases the coefficient of friction.

[0052] Example 4 Example 4 provides a high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid, which is prepared by the following steps: The preparation method of the cutting fluid stock solution 2 is as follows: each raw material is sequentially added in a reaction kettle, heated to 60°C and stirred for 3h to make each raw material fully mixed and uniform, and a transparent and uniform cutting fluid stock solution 2 is obtained. The mass percentage of each raw material is as follows: 20%-22% tetrapalmitolein, 8%-10% pentaerythritol oleate, 20%-22% trimethylolpropane oleate, 4%-6% barium petroleum sulfonate, 4%-6% sodium petroleum sulfonate, 4%-6% zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, 0.6%-1% sebacic acid, 1%-2% triethanolamine, 0.4%-0.6% ethanolamine, 0.01%-0.02% benzotriazole, 0.01%-0.02% boric acid, 20%-22% emulsifier (Tween 80), 2.5%-4% bactericide MBM, 0.02%-0.07% alcohol ether carboxylic acid, 0.04%-0.08% defoamer ac006, and the balance is tap water.

[0053] The cutting fluid stock solution 2 is mixed with tap water to prepare a cutting fluid working solution 20g, and is shaken uniformly, wherein the mass percentage of the cutting fluid stock solution 2 is 5% and the mass percentage of tap water is 95%. A four-ball friction tester (MS-10A) is used to test the tribological properties, and the test conditions are room temperature, load 196N, rotation speed 1450r / min, and time 30min.

[0054] The test results are shown in Figure 3 The wear scar diameter on the surface of the steel ball is tested by an optical microscope, and the test results are shown in Figure 5 The maximum seizure-free load of the obtained cutting fluid is 1050N, as shown in P B Figure 1 which has good extreme pressure performance.

[0055] Example 5 Example 5 provides a high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid, and the difference between Example 5 and Example 4 is as follows: Example 5 adds 0.1g of ionic liquid to the 20g cutting fluid working solution prepared in Example 4, and shakes uniformly. A four-ball friction tester (MS-10A) is used to test the tribological properties, and the test conditions are room temperature, load 196N, rotation speed 1450r / min, and time 30min.

[0056] The test results are shown in Figure 3 The wear scar diameter on the surface of the steel ball is tested by an optical microscope, and the test results are shown in Figure 5 The maximum seizure-free load of the obtained cutting fluid is P ​B The value is 1776N as shown in Figure 1 It can be seen that the addition of a small amount of ionic liquid in the cutting fluid can effectively improve the lubricating performance of the solution.

[0057] Example 6 Example 6 provides a high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid, which is different from example 4 in that: Example 6 adds 0.2g of ionic liquid to the 20g cutting fluid working fluid prepared in example 4, and shakes uniformly. The tribological properties are tested by a four-ball friction tester (MS-10A), and the test conditions are room temperature, load 196N, speed 1450r / min, and time 30min.

[0058] The test results are shown in Figure 3 The maximum non-seizure load of the obtained cutting fluid is P B The value is 2335N as shown in Figure 1 It can be seen that the addition of more ionic liquid in the cutting fluid can effectively improve the extreme pressure performance of the solution, but the friction coefficient is slightly increased.

[0059] Example 7 Example 7 provides a high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid, which is prepared by the following steps: The preparation method of the cutting fluid stock solution 3 is: adding each raw material in the reaction kettle in turn, heating to 60℃ and stirring for 3h, so that each raw material is fully mixed and uniform, and a transparent and uniform cutting fluid stock solution 3 is obtained; The mass percentage of each raw material is: 20%~22% tetrapalmitoleate, 20%~22% pentaerythritol oleate, 8%~10% trimethylolpropane oleate, 4%~6% barium petroleum sulfonate, 4%~6% sodium petroleum sulfonate, 4%~6% zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, 0.6%~1% sebacic acid, 1%~2% triethanolamine, 0.4%~0.6% ethanolamine, 0.01%~0.02% benzotriazole, 0.01%~0.02% boric acid, 20%~22% emulsifier (Tween 80), 2.5%~4% bactericide MBM, 0.02%~0.07% alcohol ether carboxylic acid, 0.04%~0.08% defoaming agent ac006, and the balance is tap water.

[0060] The cutting fluid stock solution 3 is mixed with tap water to prepare a cutting fluid working solution 20g, and is shaken uniformly, wherein the mass percentage of the cutting fluid stock solution 3 is 5%, and the mass percentage of the tap water is 95%. The tribological properties are tested by a four-ball friction tester (MS-10A), and the test conditions are room temperature, load 196N, speed 1450r / min, and time 30min.

[0061] The test results are shown in Figure 4As shown, the diameter of the wear scar on the surface of the steel ball was measured using an optical microscope, and the test results are as follows. Figure 5 As shown. The maximum non-seize load of the obtained cutting fluid. P B Values ​​such as Figure 1 As shown, it is 1050N and has good extreme pressure performance.

[0062] Example 8 Example 8 provides a high extreme pressure emulsion cutting fluid. The difference between Example 8 and Example 7 is that: In Example 8, 0.1 g of ionic liquid was added to the 20 g cutting fluid working fluid prepared in Example 7 and shaken thoroughly. Its tribological properties were tested using a four-ball friction tester (MS-10A) under the following conditions: room temperature, load 196 N, rotation speed 1450 r / min, and time 30 min.

[0063] Test results are as follows Figure 4 As shown, the diameter of the wear scar on the surface of the steel ball was measured using an optical microscope, and the test results are as follows. Figure 5 As shown. The maximum non-seize load of the obtained cutting fluid. P B Values ​​such as Figure 1 As shown, the value is 1874N. It can be seen that adding a small amount of ionic liquid to this cutting fluid can effectively improve the lubrication performance of the solution.

[0064] Example 9 Example 9 provides a high extreme pressure emulsion cutting fluid. The difference between Example 9 and Example 7 is that: In Example 9, 0.2 g of ionic liquid was added to the 20 g cutting fluid working fluid prepared in Example 7 and shaken thoroughly. Its tribological properties were tested using a four-ball friction tester (MS-10A) under the following conditions: room temperature, load 196 N, rotation speed 1450 r / min, and time 30 min.

[0065] Test results are as follows Figure 4 As shown. The maximum non-seize load of the obtained cutting fluid. P B Values ​​such as Figure 1 As shown, the value is 2708N. It can be seen that adding a significant amount of ionic liquid to this cutting fluid effectively improves the extreme pressure performance of the solution, but slightly increases the coefficient of friction.

[0066] The products prepared in Examples 1-2, 4-5, and 7-8 were subjected to performance analysis according to the test methods of the national standard GB / T6144-2010 for synthetic cutting fluids. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0067] Table 1: Performance Test Results of Cutting Fluid As shown in Table 1, all six cutting fluids meet national standards. Adding a small amount of ionic liquid to the cutting fluid does not affect the performance of the working fluid and can effectively improve the extreme pressure performance and lubrication performance of the cutting fluid, resulting in a high-extrusion emulsified cutting fluid.

[0068] Based on the test results of Examples 1-9 (see...) Figure 1 It can be seen that after adding an alcoholamine phosphate ionic liquid to the cutting fluid, the maximum non-seize load is reduced. P B The values ​​were all improved, indicating that the addition of ionic liquids greatly improved the extreme pressure performance of the cutting fluid.

[0069] Based on the test results of Examples 1-9 (see...) Figures 2-5 The results show that adding a small amount of ionic liquid to the cutting fluid improves both tribological and wear-resistant properties, but excessive ionic liquid can negatively impact lubrication performance. This indicates that adding a small amount of ionic liquid can enhance the lubrication performance and stability of the cutting fluid.

[0070] In summary, this invention successfully prepared a high-extreme-pressure emulsion cutting fluid with excellent comprehensive performance, outstanding lubrication extreme-pressure performance and stability, and is also environmentally friendly and safe, by introducing an ionic liquid with a specific structure into a microemulsion cutting fluid system. This cutting fluid can be applied to the machining of metals such as aluminum alloys and titanium alloys, has a wide range of engineering applications, and has good application prospects.

[0071] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention, as well as its advantages. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid, characterized by, The high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid is prepared by mixing the cutting fluid working solution and the ionic liquid uniformly at room temperature. The ionic liquid is an alcohol amine phosphate ester ionic liquid. The cutting fluid working solution is prepared by mixing the cutting fluid stock solution and water uniformly at room temperature.

2. The high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid according to claim 1, wherein The mass ratio of the cutting fluid working solution to the ionic liquid in the high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid is 200: (1-5). The mass percentage of the cutting fluid stock solution in the cutting fluid working solution is 2-8%.

3. The high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, The cutting fluid stock solution is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 8-25% tetrameric ricinoleic acid ester, 8-25% pentaerythritol oleate, 8-25% trimethylolpropane oleate, 15-25% emulsifier, 4-8% barium petroleum sulfonate, 4-8% sodium petroleum sulfonate, 3-6% zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, 0.06-1% sebacic acid, 1-2% triethanolamine, 0.02-0.05% ethanolamine, 1-4% bactericide, 0.06-1% defoamer, 0.02-0.07% alcohol ether carboxylic acid, 0.01-0.02% benzotriazole, 0.01-0.02% boric acid, and the balance being water.

4. The high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, The cutting fluid stock solution is prepared by mixing the raw materials in the above mass percentage at 60-80°C and stirring for 2-6 hours.

5. The high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The emulsifier is one or more of butyl ether compounds, polysorbate, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, and Span.

6. The high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The emulsifier is one or more of Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60, Tween 80, Span 20, Span 40, Span 60, and Span 80.

7. The high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The phosphate ester is one or more of bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate ester, dibutyl phosphate ester, triethyl phosphate ester, isopropyl phosphate ester, and tris (4-nonylphenyl) phosphite ester. The alkyl alcohol amine is one or more of triisopropyl alcohol amine, diethanol amine, N-butyl diethanol amine, and N,N-dimethyl ethanol amine. The bactericide is one or more of MBK, MBM, NS-MBM, MBO, BK, and BIT. The defoamer is an organic silicon defoamer, a polyether defoamer, a polyether modified organic silicon defoamer, or a mineral oil defoamer.

8. The high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, The high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid is prepared by the following steps: 1) First, mix the raw materials of the cutting fluid stock solution in the above mass percentage at 60-80°C and stir for 2-6 hours to obtain the cutting fluid stock solution; 2) Then, mix the cutting fluid stock solution and water uniformly at room temperature to obtain the cutting fluid working solution; 3) Finally, mix the cutting fluid working solution and the ionic liquid uniformly at room temperature to obtain the high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid.

9. The high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The preparation method of the alcohol amine phosphate ester ionic liquid comprises the following steps: Mix 0.05-0.2 mol of bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, an equal amount of N-butyl diethanolamine, and 30-50 g of acetonitrile, place them in a reaction vessel, heat them to reflux at 70-90°C, maintain the temperature for 16-24 h, remove the acetonitrile by distillation under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator at 50-70°C, and then vacuumize in a vacuum drying box at 70-90°C for 12-24 h to obtain the ionic liquid.

10. The use of the high extreme pressure emulsified cutting fluid according to claim 1 or 2 in metal or alloy cutting, grinding or mechanical machining.

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