Rapid heating leveling agent for terylene and preparation method of rapid heating leveling agent

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of textile printing and dyeing, and particularly relates to a rapid heating leveling agent for polyester and a preparation method of the rapid heating leveling agent. The rapid heating leveling agent for terylene provided by the invention is mainly composed of anionic polyester, isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, a solvent, a defoaming agent and deionized water. The prepared rapid heating leveling agent for terylene can well balance the dispersity and migration property of the leveling agent, meanwhile, compared with other leveling agents, the leveling agent can better adapt to a rapid heating process, still has excellent migration property and high-temperature dispersity under the rapid heating condition, and can be used for preparing a high-temperature-resistant leveling agent for terylene. The dye is easier to diffuse and uniformly migrate from the dye liquor to the inside of the fiber, and the dyeing defect rate of the polyester cloth cover can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of textile printing and dyeing technology, specifically relating to a rapid heating leveling agent for polyester and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In textile dyeing, uniform dyeing is a crucial indicator of dyeing and finishing technology and a key factor in evaluating textile quality. Polyester fiber, due to its high strength, high elasticity, and ease of processing, has become the fastest-growing and most widely used of the three major synthetic fibers. Because of its compact molecular structure, numerous crystalline regions, strong hydrophobicity, and lack of active groups to bind with dyes, polyester is difficult to dye at room temperature and pressure, requiring high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. High-temperature leveling agents remain stable at high temperatures, helping fibers to absorb dye evenly, and are indispensable auxiliaries in the polyester dyeing process. With the development of dyeing technology, higher performance requirements have been placed on polyester high-temperature leveling agents.

[0003] Patent document CN117005063A discloses a high-efficiency, rapid-heating polyester fiber and its blended dyeing leveling agent. This high-efficiency, rapid-heating polyester fiber comprises component A and component B. The production method of component A includes: mixing terephthalic anhydride and natural fibers, adding nano-titanium dioxide, melting, and treating at 185-195 °C for 1-2 h; then adding a molten mixture of terephthalic acid ester and ethylene glycol, and a crosslinking agent; and treating at 191-203 °C for ~3 h to obtain component A. The production method of component B includes: melting natural fibers, adding a nano-composition, mixing, and treating at 220-250 °C for 1-2 h to obtain component B. This leveling agent not only gives polyester fibers greater adsorption, catalytic, and bactericidal capabilities; it also enhances the fiber's mechanical properties, abrasion resistance, and weather resistance, extending the fiber's service life.

[0004] Patent document CN118360810A discloses a rapid dyeing leveling agent for polyester blended fabrics, its preparation method, and its application. This leveling agent mainly consists of potassium pentaerythritol sulfate and potassium polyether polyol sulfonate. The raw materials for preparing the potassium pentaerythritol sulfate include at least pentaerythritol, sulfur trioxide, urea, and water; the raw materials for preparing the potassium polyether polyol sulfonate include at least polyether polyol, sulfur trioxide, urea, and water. By optimizing the leveling agent formulation system, the provided leveling agent can achieve rapid heating and increased production capacity while avoiding color unevenness and ensuring dyeing effect.

[0005] Patent document CN119390958A discloses a multifunctional polyester-based high-temperature leveling agent and its preparation method. This leveling agent mainly consists of an ester exchange catalyst, a polyol, an esterification catalyst, stearic acid, a solvent, hydrophilic polyether segments, and benzene-containing polyester segments. This leveling agent exhibits excellent dispersion and solubilization stability across the entire temperature range, effectively accelerating the heating rate and increasing production speed. Simultaneously, it effectively prevents wrinkles and abrasions caused by rapid heating of the fabric, imparting good hydrophilicity and softness to the fabric.

[0006] However, current high-temperature leveling agents have relatively simple compositions and limited varieties. They still suffer from drawbacks in high-temperature dyeing processes, such as difficulty adapting to rapid temperature increases and insufficient migration and dispersibility at high temperatures. Therefore, improving the overall performance of high-temperature leveling agents through screening composite surfactants, optimizing formulations, and innovating dyeing processes remains a key research challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a rapid-heating leveling agent for polyester and its preparation method. This leveling agent exhibits stronger dyeing effects compared to other leveling agents, maintaining good migration and high-temperature dispersibility even under rapid heating conditions. It is adaptable to rapid heating processes and can effectively reduce color unevenness on polyester fabrics.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: This invention provides a rapid heating leveling agent for polyester, comprising the following components and their weight proportions: 15-25 parts anionic polyester, 10-20 parts isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate, 15-30 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5-10 parts isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 10-25 parts solvent, 0.05-0.2 parts defoamer, and 30-55 parts deionized water.

[0009] Furthermore, the total amount of the anionic polyester and isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate is used in a weight ratio of 7:4 to the total amount of isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

[0010] Furthermore, the weight ratio of the anionic polyester to isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate is 5:2.

[0011] Furthermore, the weight ratio of the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate to the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is 1:1.

[0012] Furthermore, the solvent is isopropanol or ethylene glycol monobutyl ether.

[0013] Furthermore, the defoamer is an organosilicone defoamer.

[0014] Furthermore, the rapid heating leveling agent for polyester comprises the following components and their weight proportions: 25 parts anionic polyester, 10 parts isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate, 10 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 10 parts isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 10 parts isopropanol, 0.1 parts defoamer, and 34.9 parts deionized water.

[0015] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the aforementioned rapid heating leveling agent for polyester, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Add anionic polyester, isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the solvent and stir until homogeneous to obtain a mixture; Step S2: Mix isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and deionized water evenly to obtain a mixture; Step S3: Mix the mixture obtained in step S1 with the mixture obtained in step S2, then add the defoamer and stir evenly to obtain the final product.

[0016] Currently, existing polyester high-temperature leveling agents rely on relatively simple surfactants. While single nonionic leveling agents exhibit excellent migration properties, they tend to aggregate at high temperatures. Single anionic leveling agents possess strong dispersibility but insufficient migration properties, failing to meet the demands for high-performance leveling agents. To address these issues, the inventors have optimized the formulation to provide a polyester high-temperature leveling agent that exhibits excellent retarded dyeing properties, superior migration properties, and good dispersibility under high-temperature conditions, while also being environmentally friendly and pollution-free. The rapid-heating leveling agent for polyester provided by this invention primarily consists of anionic polyester, isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate as main raw materials. The interaction of these components effectively balances the dispersibility and migration properties of the leveling agent, enabling it to adapt to rapid-heating processes and effectively reducing color variations in polyester fabrics.

[0017] The rapid-heating leveling agent provided by this invention is composed of anionic and nonionic surfactants. The interaction of these components ensures that the leveling agent maintains excellent migration and high-temperature dispersibility even under rapid heating conditions. Specifically, the synergistic effect of the anionic and ester groups on the molecular chains of the anionic polyester and isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate effectively increases the retarding properties of the leveling agent, effectively controlling the adsorption rate of dye on the fiber surface and preventing uneven dyeing caused by premature deposition. Meanwhile, the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether form oxygen bonds with dye molecules through the oxygen atoms on the polyoxyethylene bonds, thus achieving a retarding effect. Simultaneously, the anionic polyester and isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate exhibit excellent dispersibility, forming a strong negative charge layer on the surface of dye particles. This maintains the stable dispersion of the dye through electrostatic repulsion, resulting in excellent dispersibility and solubilization, reducing dye aggregation, and making it a high-performance high-temperature leveling agent for polyester.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the rapid heating leveling agent for polyester provided by this invention has the following advantages: (1) The rapid heating leveling agent for polyester provided by the present invention has excellent slow dyeing properties, can effectively control the adsorption rate of dye on the fiber surface, and can prevent the problem of uneven dyeing caused by premature deposition.

[0019] (2) The rapid heating leveling agent for polyester provided by the present invention has super strong migration dyeing ability. It can not only enhance the interaction between dye molecules and fiber molecules, making the dye adhere more firmly to the fiber and reducing the migration and diffusion of dye, but also help to improve problems such as edge difference, page difference, section difference and batch difference in the dyeing process.

[0020] (3) The rapid heating leveling agent for polyester provided by the present invention does not contain toxic and harmful substances such as APEO, has good water solubility and high safety, and leaves virtually no residue after dyeing and washing the fabric. It avoids direct contact between chemical substances and human skin and is a green and environmentally friendly high-temperature leveling agent.

[0021] (4) The rapid heating leveling agent for polyester provided by the present invention can be well adapted to the rapid heating process, saving 30-40 minutes per batch of fabric, effectively shortening the dyeing time and reducing production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a comparison diagram of the rapid heating process of the leveling agent prepared in Example 2 and the traditional process. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall apply. Where the manufacturers of reagents or instruments are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In this invention: the anionic polyester refers to anionic polyester with anionic functional groups and a benzene ring and ester group structure. The isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate is prepared by the esterification reaction of isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether with oleate. Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO) is also known as polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether. The isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (i-OE3S) is an anionic nonionic surfactant, synthesized from isooctyl alcohol, ethylene oxide, and sulfur trioxide through ethoxylation and sulfation reactions.

[0025] Example 1: A rapid heating leveling agent for polyester The rapid heating leveling agent for polyester consists of the following components and their weight proportions: 15 parts anionic polyester, 15 parts isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate, 15 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 10 parts isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 10 parts isopropanol, 0.1 parts silicone defoamer, and 34.9 parts deionized water.

[0026] Preparation method: Step S1: At room temperature and pressure, anionic polyester, isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether are added to a solvent and stirred until homogeneous to obtain a mixture. Step S2: Mix isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and deionized water evenly to obtain a mixture; Step S3: Mix the mixture obtained in step S1 with the mixture obtained in step S2, then add the defoamer and stir evenly to obtain the final product.

[0027] Example 2: A rapid heating leveling agent for polyester The rapid heating leveling agent for polyester consists of the following components and their weight proportions: 25 parts anionic polyester, 10 parts isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate, 10 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 10 parts isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 10 parts isopropanol, 0.1 parts silicone defoamer, and 34.9 parts deionized water.

[0028] The preparation method is similar to that in Example 1.

[0029] Example 3: A rapid heating leveling agent for polyester The rapid heating leveling agent for polyester consists of the following components and their weight proportions: 20 parts anionic polyester, 15 parts isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate, 10 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 10 parts isooctyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 10 parts isopropanol, 0.1 parts silicone defoamer, and 34.9 parts deionized water.

[0030] The preparation method is similar to that in Example 1.

[0031] Comparative Example 1: A rapid heating leveling agent for polyester The rapid heating leveling agent for polyester consists of the following components and their weight proportions: 35 parts anionic polyester, 10 parts isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate, 10 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 10 parts isopropanol, 0.1 parts silicone defoamer, and 34.9 parts deionized water.

[0032] The preparation method is similar to that in Example 1.

[0033] The difference from Example 2 is that isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate was not added, and the content of anionic polyester was increased.

[0034] Comparative Example 2: A rapid heating leveling agent for polyester The rapid heating leveling agent for polyester consists of the following components and their weight proportions: 25 parts anionic polyester, 20 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 10 parts isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 10 parts isopropanol, 0.1 parts silicone defoamer, and 34.9 parts deionized water.

[0035] The preparation method is similar to that in Example 1.

[0036] The difference from Example 2 is that: no isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate was added, and the content of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether was increased.

[0037] Experimental Example 1: Test of the retarding performance of a rapid heating leveling agent for polyester. 1. Experimental Method: The retarding properties of the rapid-heating leveling agents for polyester prepared in Examples 1, 2, 3, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 were tested. The testing method was as follows: a liquor ratio of 1:10, dyeing at temperatures below 40 °C, and heating at 2.0 °C / min to 80 °C, 90 °C, 100 °C, 110 °C, 120 °C, and 130 °C, holding at each temperature for 30 min. One sample was taken from each temperature setting, washed with water, dried, and the K / S value was measured to compare the retarding properties and color matching synchronization. A blank control group was used without any leveling agent, and 90% cashew nut ether was used as a conventional high-temperature leveling agent.

[0038] 2. Experimental Results: The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0039] Table 1. Test results of the retarding performance of rapid heating leveling agents for polyester. Fabric K / S value 80 ℃ 90 ℃ 100 ℃ 110 ℃ 120 ℃ 130 ℃ × 30 min Blank control group 0.964 1.680 3.629 6.993 13.070 13.100 Conventional high-temperature leveling agent 0.919 1.503 3.550 7.068 12.607 12.988 Example 1 0.780 1.357 3.199 6.6400 11.105 11.649 Example 2 0.646 1.128 2.843 6.179 10.561 10.654 Example 3 0.760 1.332 3.124 6.578 11.282 11.495 Comparative Example 1 0.905 1.514 3.539 7.052 12.364 12.364 Comparative Example 2 0.895 1.483 3.416 6.913 12.587 12.671 As shown in Table 1, the rapid heating leveling agent for polyester provided by the present invention has excellent slow dyeing properties, which can effectively control the adsorption rate of dye on the fiber surface and prevent uneven dyeing caused by premature deposition.

[0040] Experiment Example 2: Dyeing performance test of rapid heating leveling agent for polyester 1. Experimental Method: The retarding properties of the rapid-heating leveling agents for polyester prepared in Examples 1, 2, 3, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 were tested. The testing method was as follows: a liquor ratio of 1:10, dyeing at temperatures below 40 °C, and heating at 2.0 °C / min to 80 °C, 90 °C, 100 °C, 110 °C, 120 °C, and 130 °C, holding at each temperature for 30 min. One sample was taken from each temperature setting, washed with water, dried, and the K / S value was measured to compare the retarding properties and color matching synchronization. A blank control group was used without any leveling agent, and 90% cashew nut ether was used as a conventional high-temperature leveling agent.

[0041] 2. Experimental Results: The experimental results are shown in Table 2.

[0042] Table 2. Test results of migration performance of rapid heating leveling agent for polyester.

[0043] As shown in Table 2, the rapid heating leveling agent for polyester provided by this invention has super strong migration dyeing properties. It can not only enhance the interaction between dye molecules and fiber molecules, making the dye adhere more firmly to the fiber and reducing dye migration and diffusion, but also help improve problems such as edge-to-center difference, page difference, section difference, and batch difference in the dyeing process.

[0044] Experiment Example 3: High-Temperature Dispersibility Test of Rapid Heating Leveling Agent for Polyester 1. Experimental Method: The high-temperature dispersion properties of the rapid heating leveling agents for polyester prepared in Examples 1, 2, 3, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 were determined. The testing method followed HG / T 4261-2022 "Determination of High-Temperature Dispersibility of Leveling Agents for Polyester in Textile Dyeing and Finishing Auxiliaries". The rating results were from level 1 to level 5, with level 5 being the best.

[0045] 2. Experimental Results: The experimental results are shown in Table 3.

[0046] Table 3. High-temperature dispersibility test results of rapid heating leveling agents for polyester. Group High temperature dispersibility Example 1 Level 4-5 Example 2 Level 5 Example 3 Level 5 Comparative Example 1 Level 3-4 Comparative Example 2 Level 4 As shown in Table 3, the rapid heating leveling agent for polyester provided by the present invention has excellent high-temperature dispersibility, which can effectively prevent the leveling agent from agglomerating and improve the leveling effect.

[0047] Experiment Example 4: Rapid Heating Process of Rapid Heating Leveling Agent for Polyester 1. Experimental Method: The rapid heating process of Example 2 is compared with the heating process of traditional leveling agents.

[0048] 2. Experimental Results: Experimental results are as follows Figure 1 As shown.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a comparison diagram of the rapid heating process for the leveling agent prepared in Example 2 and the traditional process. Figure 1 It is known that, compared with the traditional rapid heating process, the rapid heating leveling agent for polyester provided by this invention is more adaptable to the rapid heating process, saving 30-40 minutes per batch of fabric, which can effectively shorten the dyeing time and reduce production costs.

[0050] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid heating leveling agent for polyester, characterized by, The following ingredients and their weight parts are included: Anionic polyester 15-25 parts, isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate 10-20 parts, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 15-30 parts, isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate 5-10 parts, solvent 10-25 parts, defoaming agent 0.05-0.2 parts, deionized water 30-55 parts.

2. The rapid heating leveling agent for polyester as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The total amount of the anionic polyester and isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and the total amount of the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether have a weight ratio of 7:

4. ​ 3. The rapid heating leveling agent for polyester as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The weight ratio of the anionic polyester and isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate is 5:

2. ​ 4. The rapid heating levelling agent for polyester as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the rapid heating levelling agent for polyester is a mixture of 2-3% of the compound of formula (I) and 97-98% of the compound of formula (II). The weight ratio of the isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is 1:

1.

5. The rapid heating leveling agent for polyester as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The solvent is isopropyl alcohol or ethylene glycol monobutyl ether.

6. The rapid heating levelling agent for polyester as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The defoaming agent is a silicone defoaming agent.

7. The rapid heating leveling agent for polyester fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the rapid heating leveling agent is used in combination with a dye. The following ingredients and their weight parts are included: Anionic polyester 25 parts, isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate 10 parts, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 10 parts, isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate 10 parts, isopropyl alcohol 10 parts, defoaming agent 0.1 parts, deionized water 34.9 parts.

8. The preparation method of the rapid heating leveling agent for polyester as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The following steps are included: Step S1, add anionic polyester, isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether oleate, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the solvent, stir until uniform, to obtain a mixture; Step S2, mix isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and deionized water until uniform, to obtain a mixture solution; Step S3, mix the mixture obtained in step S1 and the mixture solution obtained in step S2, then add defoaming agent, stir until uniform, and it is obtained.

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