An ultra-deep vertical shaft jumbo shaft sinking platform system and a method of using the same

Abstract

A rack-and-gear type well sinking platform system for ultra-deep vertical shafts and its usage method are disclosed. The system comprises: a rack-and-gear mechanism including a strip support plate and racks mounted on the strip support plate; a gear climbing mechanism installed at the edge of the climbing support plate, including a connecting frame and a drive device; the connecting frame is mounted on the climbing support plate via a connecting assembly; the drive device is mounted on the connecting frame, and its output end is equipped with a drive gear; the drive gear meshes with the racks; and a support shoe stabilizing mechanism installed at the edge of the support shoe, including an inner guide support assembly and an outer support shoe stabilizing assembly, the outer support shoe stabilizing assembly including a support shoe cylinder and a stabilizing support shoe. The method utilizes the gear climbing mechanism and the support shoe stabilizing mechanism to fix the well sinking platform's position within the well wall; the gear climbing mechanism drives the entire well sinking platform to move up and down within the well wall. This invention enables the well sinking platform to autonomously and continuously rise and fall and be fixed at any position within the well, meeting the construction requirements of ultra-deep vertical shafts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of mine shaft construction equipment, specifically relating to an ultra-deep vertical shaft toothed rail type shaft sinking platform system and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] A sinking platform is the working platform for sinking operations inside a vertical shaft. Traditional sinking platforms use ground-based stabilizing wire ropes for suspension and lifting. As the sinking depth increases, the suspension load also increases, making it difficult to select the right suspension wire ropes and ground-based stabilizing mechanisms for ultra-deep vertical shafts. To solve this technical problem, beam-socket or support-shoe stepping sinking platforms have emerged. These platforms rely on beam-sockets or support shoes on the shaft wall for suspension and fixation within the shaft, and use hydraulic cylinders between the beam-sockets or support shoes to extend and retract, achieving vertical lifting operations within the shaft. Both of these methods have certain limitations. For the beam-socket method, the main limitation is that the continuous lifting and step distance requires a large number of pre-reserved beam-sockets, and high positional accuracy is required. Furthermore, a large number of pre-reserved beam-sockets can negatively impact the shaft wall quality. The support-shoe method has lower load-bearing reliability; sufficient contact friction requires adequate tension, which is highly detrimental to the longitudinal and circumferential stress safety of the concrete shaft wall. In addition, the above two well lifting methods that use stepping cylinders for extension and retraction have the disadvantage of low stepping efficiency, making it difficult to meet the construction needs of frequent lifting and lowering of the well sinking platform inside the well.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an ultra-deep vertical shaft rack-type sinking platform system and its usage method that combines reliability, suspension force, and lifting efficiency, so as to meet the future needs of ultra-deep vertical shaft sinking platform suspension and lifting in the well. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides an ultra-deep vertical shaft rack-type sinking platform system and its usage method. This system employs a multi-layered platform structure, featuring a compact structure, high stability, strong climbing drive force, and excellent in-well positioning. It innovates the traditional in-well fixing and lifting methods for sinking platforms, enabling not only reliable fixing at any position but also autonomous continuous lifting and lowering of the sinking platform within the well, effectively meeting the future needs of ultra-deep vertical shaft sinking construction in my country. This rack-type method offers higher reliability and continuous lifting capability compared to beam-and-socket or support-shoe methods, and is an effective way to solve the technical challenges of suspending sinking platforms in future ultra-deep vertical shaft construction.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an ultra-deep vertical shaft rack-type well sinking platform system, including a well sinking platform, a rack mechanism, a gear climbing mechanism, and a support shoe stabilizing mechanism.

[0006] The well drilling platform includes a climbing support plate and a support shoe support plate that are distributed at intervals between the upper and lower parts;

[0007] Multiple toothed rail mechanisms are circumferentially spaced on the inner side of the well wall; the toothed rail mechanism extends vertically and includes a strip support plate and toothed rails mounted on the strip support plate;

[0008] Multiple pairs of gear climbing mechanisms are distributed correspondingly to multiple toothed rail mechanisms and are installed at the edge of the climbing support plate; the gear climbing mechanism includes a connecting frame and a driving device; the connecting frame is installed on the climbing support plate through a connecting assembly; the driving device is installed on the connecting frame, and a driving gear is installed at its output end; the driving gear meshes with the toothed rail.

[0009] Multiple support shoe stabilizing mechanisms and multiple toothed rail mechanisms are staggered and installed circumferentially at intervals on the edge of the support shoe support plate; the support shoe stabilizing mechanism includes an inner guide support assembly and an outer support shoe stabilizing assembly; the inner guide support assembly is installed on the support shoe support plate; the outer support shoe stabilizing assembly includes a support shoe cylinder and a stabilizing support shoe, the support shoe cylinder is installed on the inner guide support assembly, and the stabilizing support shoe is installed on the piston rod end of the support shoe cylinder, for pressing against or disengaging from the well wall under the drive of the support shoe cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to meet the needs of shaft drilling operations, a working plate is also included; the working plate is located between the climbing support plate and the support shoe plate, and the working plate and the climbing support plate, as well as the working plate and the support shoe plate, are fixedly connected by multiple columns.

[0011] Furthermore, to improve stability during the climbing or descending process, the gear mechanism includes two gears that are spaced apart; each pair of gear climbing mechanisms is mounted opposite each other at the upper and lower ends of the climbing support plate; the gear climbing mechanism includes two drive devices; the connecting frame is located on the outer side of the climbing support plate in the axial direction; the two drive devices are mounted opposite each other at both ends of the connecting frame and are distributed correspondingly to the two gears.

[0012] Furthermore, in order to provide both an installation foundation and shock absorption for the connecting frame, the connecting assembly includes a servo cylinder and a shock-absorbing connecting rod; the servo cylinder and the shock-absorbing connecting rod are distributed radially from the inside out; the cylinder end of the servo cylinder is hinged to the climbing support plate via hinge seat one, and its piston rod end is hinged to the connecting frame via hinge seat two; one end of the shock-absorbing connecting rod is hinged to the climbing support plate via hinge seat three, and its other end is connected to the connecting frame via hinge seat four.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the inner guide support assembly includes an arc-shaped support, guide support blocks, and an L-shaped support beam; the arc-shaped support is fixedly installed on the outer edge of the support plate; multiple guide support blocks are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped support, the guide support blocks extend radially along their length direction, their inner ends are fixedly connected to the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped support, their outer ends have a sloping edge structure with the outer edge higher than the inner edge, and a guide groove extending slopingly with the outer edge higher than the inner edge is opened at the center of their outer ends; the upper end of the vertical section of the L-shaped support beam is fixedly connected to the lower end of the arc-shaped support, and its horizontal section extends radially outward;

[0014] The outer support shoe stabilizing plate assembly also includes an outer guide plate; the stabilizing plate support shoe has an arc-shaped plate structure and is located on the outside of the arc-shaped support; multiple outer guide plates are distributed correspondingly to multiple guide support blocks, the outer end of the outer guide plate is fixedly connected to the inner arc surface of the stabilizing plate support shoe, its inner end is a sloping structure with the outer side higher than the inner side, and its inner end is slidably inserted into the guide groove; multiple support shoe cylinders are correspondingly arranged below the multiple outer guide plates, the support shoe cylinders are inclined with the outer side higher than the inner side, the end of the cylinder is fixedly installed on the horizontal section of the L-shaped support beam, and the end of the piston rod is hinged to the lower end of the outer guide plate.

[0015] In this technical solution, for the support shoe stabilizing mechanism, an arc-shaped support is fixedly installed on the support shoe support plate on the inner side, which can provide a common mounting base for the guide support block and the L-shaped support beam. A guide groove is opened along the outer end of the guide support block, which can provide a guide track for the outer guide plate installed on the inner side of the stabilizing support shoe. Based on this, multiple guide support blocks are fixedly installed on the outer side of the arc-shaped support, and multiple outer guide plates are fixedly installed on the inner side of the stabilizing plate support shoe. Multiple support shoe cylinders mounted on the L-shaped support beam are hinged to the lower ends of the multiple outer guide plates. The extension of these cylinders pushes the outer guide plates along the guide grooves on the guide support blocks, allowing them to slide quickly outwards at an angle. This enables the stabilizing plate support shoe to act stably and efficiently against the well wall. Simultaneously, the guide support blocks provide stable radial support force to the stabilizing plate support shoe, which is tightened against the well wall. Through the combined action of the guide support blocks and the support shoe cylinders, the stabilizing plate support shoe can act stably against the well wall, providing significant friction. This mechanism allows for rapid radial locking to prevent the sinking platform from stalling and sliding down in case of slippage during lifting.

[0016] Furthermore, in order to effectively constrain the lifting trajectory of the well sinking platform within the well and achieve effective control over the orientation of the well sinking platform within the well, the gear mechanism also includes a strip guide rail; the strip guide rail is located between two gear rails, extends vertically, and is fixedly installed on a strip support plate; the inner side of the strip support plate is provided with two strip grooves spaced apart, and the two gear rails are fixedly installed inside the two strip grooves; the outer side of the connecting frame has a guide beam, the outer side of which has a vertical guide groove, and is slidably fitted onto the outer side of the strip guide rail through the vertical guide groove.

[0017] Furthermore, in order to ensure a reliable power supply and to monitor the suspension status of the drilling platform in real time to prevent unexpected situations such as the drilling platform slipping due to slowdown, a hydraulic pump station, an acceleration sensor, and a controller are also included.

[0018] The driving device is a hydraulic motor; the hydraulic pump station is installed on the climbing support plate and is connected to multiple support shoe cylinders, multiple servo cylinders and multiple driving devices through multiple high-pressure oil pipes respectively.

[0019] The acceleration sensor is mounted on the well drilling platform, and the controller is connected to both the acceleration sensor and the hydraulic pump station.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the edge portion of the climbing support plate is provided with multiple climbing mechanism installation spaces at positions corresponding to multiple gear rail mechanisms; multiple pairs of gear climbing mechanisms are correspondingly arranged in the multiple climbing mechanism installation spaces; the edge portion of the support shoe plate is provided with multiple plate stabilizing mechanism installation spaces at positions offset from the multiple gear rail mechanisms; multiple support shoe plate stabilizing mechanisms are correspondingly arranged in the multiple plate stabilizing mechanism installation spaces.

[0021] In this invention, multiple toothed rail mechanisms are installed on the inner surface of the well wall, and each strip support plate in the toothed rail mechanism is equipped with a toothed rail, which provides a climbing foundation for the gear climbing mechanism. The main body of the well sinking platform consists of climbing support plates and support shoe plates distributed at intervals, forming a multi-layered platform support structure. The climbing support plates can be used as the installation foundation for the gear climbing mechanism, and the support shoe plates can be used as the installation foundation for the support shoe stabilization mechanism. Furthermore, since the well sinking platform is subjected to dynamic loads such as rock grabbers during operation, a support shoe stabilization mechanism is installed on the lowest support shoe plate of the climbing support plates, effectively ensuring the safety of the well sinking platform during fixed well sinking operations. For the gear climbing mechanism, the drive unit is mounted on the connecting frame, and the connection between the connecting frame and the climbing support plate is established using connecting components. This facilitates the use of connecting components to provide shock absorption and buffering for the connecting frame, thereby helping to reduce the disturbance amplitude of the drive unit to the climbing support plate during operation. By installing a drive gear that meshes with the rack and pinion on the drive unit, the climbing or lowering motion of the well sinking platform can be conveniently achieved by using the forward or reverse rotation of the drive gear.

[0022] This invention utilizes a drive device to drive a drive gear, which meshes with a pre-embedded toothed rail in the well wall. This achieves an innovative method for the climbing and lowering of the well sinking platform. The toothed rail-driven climbing or lowering method features strong stability, high reliability, large load-bearing capacity, and good construction adaptability. At the same time, the pre-embedded toothed rail can effectively transfer the suspended load of the well sinking platform to the well wall and surrounding rock, significantly reducing the suspended load of the ground wire rope and even eliminating the dependence on the suspended wire rope. Furthermore, this invention enables rapid and continuous lifting and lowering of the well sinking platform, better adapting to the needs of changing well sinking construction procedures. Meanwhile, this invention utilizes a support shoe cylinder in conjunction with a guide support block to apply radial pressure to the stabilizing and tightening mechanism of the sinking platform. This not only achieves suspension and fixation under normal conditions but also provides a safety interlocking function during lifting and lowering using multiple stabilizing and tightening mechanisms, effectively preventing the sinking platform from slipping and sliding down uncontrollably. Furthermore, this invention can also utilize a servo cylinder to apply radial pressure to the gear climbing mechanism, ensuring that the drive gear on the drive device closely adheres to the gear rail. This, in turn, improves the suspension and fixation effect of the sinking platform within the well through the cooperation of multiple pairs of gear climbing mechanisms and multiple support shoe stabilizing mechanisms. This invention enables the fixing and continuous lifting and lowering of the sinking platform at any position within the well in ultra-deep vertical shafts, providing a reliable solution to the problems of difficult suspension and low lifting efficiency of sinking platforms in ultra-deep vertical shafts.

[0023] This system employs a multi-layered platform structure, characterized by its compact design, high stability, strong climbing drive, and excellent in-well positioning. Its innovative in-well fixing and lifting method not only ensures reliable fixation at any position but also enables autonomous and continuous lifting of the drilling platform within the well, effectively meeting the future needs of ultra-deep vertical shaft drilling construction. Compared to existing beam-and-socket or shoe-type stepping drilling platforms, this system significantly improves lifting efficiency and reliability, solving the suspension problem of deep vertical shaft drilling platforms and providing a reliable guarantee for safe and efficient deep vertical shaft construction.

[0024] This invention also provides a method for using an ultra-deep vertical shaft rack-type sinking platform system, which includes the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Embed a strip support plate with a toothed rail into the concrete of the well wall;

[0026] Step 2: When the well wall is constructed to the predetermined depth, the well sinking platform is connected by a stabilizing rope. The well sinking platform is then hoisted to the upper end of the strip support plate using a suspension system. After assembly and debugging, the drive gear is made to mesh with the gear rail.

[0027] Step 3: When the wellbore enters the normal construction cycle and the sinking hoist reaches the predetermined construction position, simultaneously control multiple support shoe cylinders to extend to the set length, drive multiple stabilizing support shoes to tighten the well wall in the circumferential direction, and suspend and fix the sinking hoist in the predetermined construction position in the well; after the sinking hoist is fixed in position, tighten the stabilizing rope and maintain the required tension.

[0028] Step 4: After completing the construction at the previous predetermined construction position, simultaneously control multiple support shoe cylinders to retract to the set length, so that multiple stabilizing support shoes are distributed with gaps between them and the well wall; simultaneously control multiple drive devices to start working; when it is necessary to move the well sinking platform downward, drive multiple drive gears to move downward along the toothed rail, and simultaneously lower the stabilizing rope; when it is necessary to move the well sinking platform upward, drive multiple drive gears to crawl upward along the toothed rail, and simultaneously raise the stabilizing rope.

[0029] Step 5: Upon reaching the next predetermined construction position, control multiple drive devices to stop working. Simultaneously, control multiple support shoe cylinders to extend to a set length, driving multiple stabilizing support shoes to tighten the well wall in the circumferential direction, suspending and fixing the well sinking hoist at the predetermined construction position inside the well. After the well sinking hoist is fixed in position, tighten the stabilizing rope and maintain the required tension.

[0030] Step Six: Repeat Steps Four and Five multiple times until construction at all designated locations is completed.

[0031] Furthermore, in order to automatically and promptly take locking safety measures in the event of an unexpected stall and sag during the lifting process, in steps three and five, an acceleration sensor is used to collect the acceleration signal of the drilling platform in real time. The controller determines whether a stall and sag has occurred based on the changes in the acceleration signal. When a stall and sag occurs, the controller controls the hydraulic pump station to operate, synchronously driving multiple support shoe cylinders to extend to a set length, so that multiple stabilizing support shoes tighten the well wall in the circumferential direction, achieving rapid locking and positioning at the current height position.

[0032] This invention provides a method for using an ultra-deep vertical shaft rack-type sinking platform system. During fixed-position construction, multiple support shoe stabilizing mechanisms, in conjunction with multiple pairs of gear climbing mechanisms, achieve suspended fixation of the sinking platform within the shaft, effectively ensuring the reliability of the sinking platform's positioning. Simultaneously, during climbing or descending, multiple gear climbing mechanisms achieve continuous lifting and lowering movements. Through pre-embedded racks, the suspended load of the sinking platform is effectively transferred to the shaft wall and surrounding rock via meshing, improving suspension reliability and lifting efficiency. This system effectively adapts to the needs of frequent lifting and fixing of the sinking platform within the shaft, solving the problem of low efficiency in beam-socket or support shoe step-type lifting systems, which cannot meet the requirements of rapid vertical shaft construction.

[0033] The method is simple to implement. Compared with the well wall beam socket or support shoe method, the toothed rail method has high reliability and continuous lifting capability. It can reliably fix the well sinking platform at any construction position in the well and realize the continuous climbing and lowering action of the well sinking platform in the well, which significantly improves the efficiency and safety of lifting. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the lifting platform system inside the well wall in this invention;

[0035] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-section;

[0036] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Cross-section Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the support shoe cylinder and the stabilizer support shoe in this invention;

[0038] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Cross-section Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gear climbing mechanism in this invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is an assembly diagram of the strip support plate and the strip guide rail in this invention;

[0041] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Drilling platform; 2. Gear climbing mechanism; 3. Support shoe stabilizing mechanism; 4. Climbing support plate; 5. Support shoe support plate; 6. Climbing mechanism installation space; 7. Connecting frame; 8. Drive unit; 9. Shock-absorbing connecting rod; 10. Servo cylinder; 11. Gear mechanism; 12. Well wall; 13. Gear; 14. Drive gear; 15. Strip support plate; 16. Stabilizing mechanism installation space; 17. Inner guide support assembly; 18. Outer support shoe stabilizing assembly; 19. Arc-shaped support; 20. 21. Guide support block; 22. L-shaped support beam; 23. Guide chute; 24. Stabilizing support shoe; 25. Outer guide plate; 26. Support shoe cylinder; 27. Strip guide rail; 28. Guide beam; 29. ​​Vertical guide chute; 30. Strip groove; 31. Hydraulic pump station; 32. Working plate; 33. Ring beam; 34. Internal support frame; 35. Suspension point; 36. Main beam; 37. Longitudinal beam; 38. Auxiliary beam; 39. Anchor bolt; 40. Vertical reinforcing steel bar; 41. Stabilizing rope; 42. Column. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will be further described below.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides an ultra-deep vertical shaft rack-type drilling platform system, including a drilling platform 1, a rack mechanism 11, a gear climbing mechanism 2, and a support shoe stabilizing mechanism 3;

[0045] The well drilling platform 1 includes a climbing support plate 4 and a support shoe support plate 5 that are distributed at intervals between the upper and lower parts. Preferably, the support shoe support plate 5 is coaxially fixedly connected to the lower part of the climbing support plate 4 by a column 41.

[0046] Multiple toothed rail mechanisms 11 are circumferentially spaced on the inner side of the well wall 12; the toothed rail mechanism 11 extends vertically and includes a strip support plate 15 and toothed rails 13 mounted on the strip support plate 15.

[0047] Multiple pairs of gear climbing mechanisms 2 are distributed correspondingly to multiple toothed rail mechanisms 11 and are installed at the edge of the climbing support plate 4; the gear climbing mechanism 2 includes a connecting frame 7 and a driving device 8; the connecting frame 7 is installed on the climbing support plate 4 through a connecting assembly; the driving device 8 is installed on the connecting frame 7, and a driving gear 14 is installed at its output end; the driving gear 14 meshes with the toothed rail 13.

[0048] Multiple support shoe stabilizing mechanisms 3 and multiple toothed rail mechanisms 11 are staggered and installed circumferentially at the edge of the support shoe support plate 5; the support shoe stabilizing mechanism 3 includes an inner guide support assembly 17 and an outer support shoe stabilizing assembly 18; the inner guide support assembly 17 is installed on the support shoe support plate 5; the outer support shoe stabilizing assembly 18 includes a support shoe cylinder 25 and a stabilizing support shoe 23, the support shoe cylinder 25 is installed on the inner guide support assembly 17, and the stabilizing support shoe 23 is installed on the piston rod end of the support shoe cylinder 25, for pressing against or disengaging from the well wall 12 under the drive of the support shoe cylinder 25; as a preferred embodiment, the stabilizing support shoe 23 is made of shaped steel material.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, the inner guide support assembly 17 includes an arc-shaped support 19, guide support blocks 20, and an L-shaped support beam 21. The arc-shaped support 19 is fixedly installed on the outer edge of the support plate 5. Multiple guide support blocks 20 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped support 19. The guide support blocks 20 extend radially along their length direction, and their inner ends are fixedly connected to the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped support 19. Their outer ends have a sloping structure with the outer edge higher than the inner edge, and a guide groove 22 extending slopingly with the outer edge higher than the inner edge is provided at the center of the outer end. The upper end of the vertical section of the L-shaped support beam 21 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the arc-shaped support 19, and its horizontal section extends radially outward.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment, the outer support shoe plate stabilizing assembly 18 further includes an outer guide plate 24; the plate stabilizing support shoe 23 has an arc-shaped plate structure and is located outside the arc-shaped support 19; multiple outer guide plates 24 are distributed correspondingly to multiple guide support blocks 20, the outer ends of the outer guide plates 24 are fixedly connected to the inner arc surface of the plate stabilizing support shoe 23, the inner ends are inclined structures with the outer side higher than the inner side, and the inner ends are slidably inserted into the guide groove 22; multiple support shoe cylinders 25 are correspondingly arranged below the multiple outer guide plates 24, the support shoe cylinders 25 are inclined with the outer side higher than the inner side, the end of the cylinder is fixedly installed on the horizontal section of the L-shaped support beam 21, and the end of the piston rod is hinged to the lower end of the outer guide plate 24. In this way, by extending and retracting the support shoe cylinder 25, the stabilizing support shoe 23 can be inserted into the gap between the support shoe support plate 5 and the well wall 12, or the stabilizing support shoe 23 can be pulled out from the gap between the support shoe support plate 5 and the well wall 12.

[0051] For the support shoe stabilizing mechanism 3, an arc-shaped support 19 is fixedly installed on the support shoe support plate 5 on the inner side, which can provide a common mounting base for the guide support block 20 and the L-shaped support beam 21. A guide groove 22 is opened at the outer end of the guide support block 20, which can provide a guide track for the outer guide plate 24 installed on the inner side of the stabilizing support shoe 23. Based on this, multiple guide support blocks 20 are fixedly installed on the outer side of the arc-shaped support 19, and multiple outer guide plates 24 are fixedly installed on the inner side of the stabilizing support shoe 23. Then, multiple support shoe cylinders 25 installed on the L-shaped support beam 21 are hinged to the lower ends of the multiple outer guide plates 24. The extension action of the multiple support shoe cylinders 25 can push the multiple outer guide plates 24 to slide out quickly along the guide grooves 22 on the multiple guide support blocks 20. This allows the stabilizing support shoe 23 to act stably and efficiently on the well wall. At the same time, the multiple guide support blocks 20 can provide stable radial support force for the stabilizing support shoe 23 that supports the well wall. Thus, through the joint cooperation of the multiple guide support blocks 20 and the multiple support shoe cylinders 25, the stabilizing support shoe 23 can act stably on the well wall and provide great friction. This combination allows for rapid radial locking to achieve a locking function in case of slippage during lifting, effectively preventing the well drilling platform 1 from stalling and sliding down.

[0052] As a preferred option, multiple climbing support plates 4 can be used, distributed in pairs at intervals, and fixedly connected by multiple columns 41; at the same time, each climbing support plate 4 can be equipped with multiple gear climbing mechanisms 2, so as to meet the requirements of large load suspension.

[0053] To meet the needs of shaft drilling operations, a working plate 31 is also included. The working plate 31 is located between the climbing support plate 4 and the support shoe plate 5, and the working plate 31 and the climbing support plate 4, as well as the working plate 31 and the support shoe plate 5, are fixedly connected by multiple columns 41. Preferably, there are multiple working plates 31, which are distributed in pairs and fixedly connected to each other by multiple columns 41.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, the climbing support plate 4, the support shoe plate 5, and the working plate 31 are all beam-grid structures, including a ring beam 32 and an internal support frame 33. The internal support frame 33 is fixedly connected to the inside of the ring beam 32, and multiple suspension points 34 are provided on the internal support frame 33. The specific structure of the internal support frame 33 can be adjusted according to the specific well drilling equipment layout. As a preferred embodiment, the internal support frame 33 includes a main crossbeam 35, a longitudinal beam 36, and an auxiliary crossbeam 37. Two main crossbeams 35 are fixedly connected to the inside of the ring beam 32 in a front-to-back manner. Two longitudinal beams 36 are fixedly connected between the two main crossbeams 35 at intervals. Multiple auxiliary crossbeams 37 are respectively fixedly connected between the longitudinal beams 36 and the ring beam 32.

[0055] To improve stability during the climbing or descending process, the toothed mechanism 11 includes two toothed rails 13, which are distributed at intervals.

[0056] Meanwhile, each pair of gear climbing mechanisms 2 is installed opposite each other at the upper and lower ends of the climbing support plate 4; the gear climbing mechanism 2 includes two drive devices 8; the connecting frame 7 is located on the outer side of the climbing support plate 4 in the axial direction; the two drive devices 8 are installed opposite each other at the two ends of the connecting frame 7 and are distributed correspondingly with the two toothed rails 13, and each of the output ends of the two drive devices 8 is equipped with a drive gear 14, and the two drive gears 14 mesh with the two toothed rails 13 respectively; more preferably, there is a set pressure meshing force between the drive gear 14 and the toothed rail 13 so as to effectively bear the load of vertical shaft drilling suspension.

[0057] To provide both an installation foundation and shock absorption for the connecting frame, the connecting assembly includes a servo cylinder 10 and a shock-absorbing connecting rod 9. The servo cylinder 10 and the shock-absorbing connecting rod 9 are distributed radially from the inside out, and their two ends are movably connected to the climbing support plate 4 and the connecting frame 7, respectively. Specifically, the cylinder end of the servo cylinder 10 is hinged to the climbing support plate 4 via a hinge seat one, and its piston rod end is hinged to the connecting frame 7 via a hinge seat two. One end of the shock-absorbing connecting rod 9 is hinged to the climbing support plate 4 via a hinge seat three, and its other end is connected to the connecting frame 7 via a hinge seat four.

[0058] In order to effectively constrain the lifting trajectory of the well sinking platform 1 in the well and achieve effective control of the orientation of the well sinking platform 1 in the well, the gear mechanism 11 also includes a strip guide rail 26.

[0059] The strip guide rail 26 is located between two toothed rails 13, extends vertically, and is fixedly installed on the strip support plate 15. The inner side of the strip support plate 15 is provided with two strip grooves 29 spaced apart, and the width of the strip grooves 29 is greater than the thickness of the drive gear 14. The two toothed rails 13 are fixedly installed inside the two strip grooves 29. Correspondingly, the outer side of the connecting frame 7 has a guide beam 27. The outer side of the guide beam 27 is provided with a vertical guide groove 28, and it is slidably fitted on the outer side of the strip guide rail 26 through the vertical guide groove 28. The strip guide rail 26 plays a guiding role.

[0060] As a preferred embodiment, the well wall 12 is a reinforced concrete structure or a plain concrete structure. When it is a reinforced concrete structure, the strip support plate 15 and the vertical reinforcing steel bars 39 in the well wall 12 can be fixedly connected to each other by welding. When it is a plain concrete structure, the strip support plate 15 is anchored to the inner side of the well wall 12 by multiple anchor rods 38 that are distributed at intervals along the length direction.

[0061] In order to ensure a reliable power supply and to monitor the suspension status of the drilling platform in real time to prevent unexpected situations such as the drilling platform slipping down, a hydraulic pump station 30, an acceleration sensor and a controller are also included.

[0062] The drive device 8 is a hydraulic motor; of course, as an alternative, the drive device 8 can also be a geared motor.

[0063] The hydraulic pump station 30 is installed on the climbing support plate 4 and is connected to multiple support shoe cylinders 25, multiple servo cylinders 10 and multiple drive devices 8 through multiple high-pressure oil pipes respectively.

[0064] The acceleration sensor is installed on the well drilling platform 1, and the controller is connected to the acceleration sensor and the hydraulic pump station 30 respectively.

[0065] As a further preferred option, it also includes a battery pack, which can be installed on the climbing support plate 4 to supply power to the electrical equipment; even more preferably, it also includes well drilling equipment such as water tanks, horizontal pumps, and rock grabbers arranged on the climbing support plate 4, the support plate 5, or the working plate 31 to meet the needs of well drilling operations.

[0066] As a preferred embodiment, the edge portion of the climbing support plate 4 is provided with multiple climbing mechanism installation spaces 6 at positions corresponding to multiple toothed rail mechanisms 11; multiple pairs of gear climbing mechanisms 2 are correspondingly arranged in the multiple climbing mechanism installation spaces 6; wherein, the multiple pairs of gear climbing mechanisms 2 adopt a synchronous control method to effectively ensure the posture of the well sinking platform 1 in the well. The specific number of gear climbing mechanisms 2 is increased or decreased according to the suspension load of the well sinking platform and the space inside the well. As a further preferred embodiment, the number of gear climbing mechanisms 2 is 3 pairs.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, the edge portion of the support plate 5 is provided with multiple mounting spaces 16 for stabilizing mechanisms at a position offset from the multiple toothed rail mechanisms 11; multiple support plate stabilizing mechanisms 3 are correspondingly arranged in the multiple mounting spaces 16 for stabilizing mechanisms. As a preferred embodiment, the number of support plate stabilizing mechanisms 3 is 2.

[0068] In this invention, multiple toothed rail mechanisms 11 are installed on the inner side of the well wall 12, and each strip support plate 15 of the toothed rail mechanism 11 is provided with two toothed rails 13, which can provide a climbing foundation for the gear climbing mechanism 2. The main body of the well sinking platform 1 is composed of climbing support plates 4 and support shoe support plates 5 distributed at intervals, forming a multi-layer plate support structure. The climbing support plates 4 can be used as the installation foundation for the gear climbing mechanism 2, and the support shoe support plates 5 can be used as the installation foundation for the support shoe stabilizing mechanism 3. In addition, since the well sinking platform 1 will be subjected to dynamic loads such as rock grabbers during operation, a support shoe stabilizing mechanism 3 is set on the support shoe support plate 5 at the bottom of the climbing support plate 4, which can effectively ensure the safety of the well sinking platform 1 during fixed well sinking operations inside the well. For the gear climbing mechanism 2, the connecting frame 7 serves as a bridge between the two drive devices 8. The servo cylinder 10 and the shock-absorbing connecting rod 9 connect the climbing support plate 4 and the connecting frame 7. The extension and retraction of the servo cylinder 10 synchronously drives the two drive devices 8 to move closer to or further away from the well wall. Simultaneously, the shock-absorbing connecting rod 9 provides shock absorption and buffering, significantly reducing the disturbance of the drive devices 8 to the climbing support plate 4 during operation. By installing a drive gear 14 meshing with the gear rail 13 on the drive device 8, the forward or reverse rotation of the drive gear 14 can conveniently achieve the climbing or lowering movement of the well sinking platform 1. Furthermore, the extension and retraction of the servo cylinder 10 effectively controls the working clearance between the drive gear 14 and the gear rail 13, allowing the drive gear 14 to fit tightly against the gear rail 13. This ensures the meshing force between the drive gear 14 and the gear rail 13, enabling the well sinking platform to climb or lower and effectively suspend and fix itself in the air.

[0069] This invention utilizes a drive device 8 to drive a drive gear 14, which meshes with a toothed rail 13 embedded in the well wall 12. This achieves an innovative method for the climbing and lowering of the well sinking platform 1. The climbing or lowering method driven by the toothed rail has the characteristics of strong stability, high reliability, large load-bearing capacity, and good construction adaptability. At the same time, the suspended load of the well sinking platform 1 can be effectively transferred to the well wall 12 and the surrounding rock through the embedded toothed rail 13, which greatly reduces the suspended load of the ground wire rope and can even eliminate the dependence on the suspended wire rope. In addition, this invention can realize the rapid and continuous lifting and lowering of the well sinking platform 1, and can better adapt to the needs of the conversion of underground well sinking construction procedures. Meanwhile, this invention utilizes the support shoe cylinder 25 in conjunction with the guide support block 20 to apply radial pressure to the stabilizing and tightening mechanism. This not only achieves suspension and fixation under normal conditions but also provides a safety locking function during lifting and lowering using multiple stabilizing and tightening mechanisms, effectively preventing the sinking platform 1 from slipping down uncontrollably. Furthermore, this invention can also utilize the servo cylinder 10 to apply radial pressure to the gear climbing mechanism 2, ensuring that the drive gear 14 on the drive device 8 is tightly attached to the gear rail 13. This, in turn, improves the suspension and fixation effect of the sinking platform 1 within the well through the cooperation of multiple pairs of gear climbing mechanisms 2 and multiple support shoe stabilizing mechanisms 3. This invention enables the fixing and continuous lifting and lowering of the sinking platform at any position within the well in ultra-deep vertical shafts, providing a reliable solution to the problems of difficult suspension and low lifting efficiency of the sinking platform 1 in ultra-deep vertical shafts.

[0070] This system employs a multi-layered platform structure, characterized by its compact design, high stability, strong climbing drive, and excellent in-well positioning. It innovates the in-well fixing and lifting method for the sinking platform, enabling not only reliable fixing at any position but also autonomous and continuous lifting and lowering of the sinking platform within the well. This effectively meets the future needs of ultra-deep vertical shaft sinking construction. Compared to existing beam-and-socket or shoe-supported stepping sinking platforms, this system significantly improves lifting efficiency and reliability, solving the suspension problem of deep vertical shaft sinking platforms and providing a reliable guarantee for safe and efficient deep vertical shaft construction.

[0071] This invention also provides a method for using an ultra-deep vertical shaft rack-type sinking platform system, which includes the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: Embed a strip support plate 15 with toothed rails 13 in the concrete of the well wall 12. Specifically, the strip support plate 15 is fixedly connected to the vertical reinforcing steel bars 39 in the concrete by welding, and is anchored to the well wall 12 or the rock mass by multiple spaced anchor rods.

[0073] Step 2: When the well wall 12 is constructed to the predetermined depth, the well sinking platform 1 is connected by the stabilizing rope 40. The well sinking platform 1 is hoisted to the upper end of the strip support plate 15 using the suspension system. After assembly and debugging, the drive gear 14 in the gear climbing mechanism 2 is made to mesh with the gear rail 13.

[0074] Step 3: When the wellbore enters the normal construction cycle and the sinking platform 1 reaches the predetermined construction position, the multiple support shoe cylinders 25 in the multiple support shoe stabilizing mechanism 3 are simultaneously controlled to extend to a set length, driving the multiple stabilizing support shoes 23 to tighten the well wall 12 in the circumferential direction. The meshing force between the multiple drive gears 14 and the multiple toothed rails 13 and the friction between the multiple stabilizing support shoes 23 and the well wall 12 are used to suspend and fix the sinking platform 1 in the predetermined construction position in the well. After the sinking platform 1 is fixed in position, the stabilizing rope 40 is tightened and the required tension is maintained.

[0075] Step 4: After completing the construction at the previous predetermined construction position, simultaneously control the multiple support shoe cylinders 25 in the multiple support shoe stabilizing mechanism 3 to retract to a set length, so that the multiple stabilizing support shoes 23 are distributed with gaps between them and the well wall 12; simultaneously control the multiple drive devices 8 in the multiple gear climbing mechanism 2 to start working; when it is necessary to move the sinking platform 1 downward, drive the multiple drive gears 14 to move downward along the gear rail 13, and simultaneously lower the stabilizing rope 40 during the downward movement of the sinking platform 1; when it is necessary to move the sinking platform 1 upward, drive the multiple drive gears 14 to climb upward along the gear rail 13, and simultaneously raise the stabilizing rope 40 during the upward movement of the sinking platform 1.

[0076] Step 5: Upon reaching the next predetermined construction position, control multiple drive devices 8 to stop working. Simultaneously, control multiple support shoe cylinders 25 in multiple support shoe stabilizing mechanisms 3 to extend to a set length, drive multiple stabilizing support shoes 23 to tighten the well wall 12 in the circumferential direction, and use the friction between multiple stabilizing support shoes 23 and the well wall 12 and the meshing force between multiple drive gears 14 and multiple toothed rails 13 to suspend and fix the well sinking platform 1 in the predetermined construction position in the well; after the well sinking platform 1 is fixed in position, tighten the stabilizing rope 40 and maintain the required tension.

[0077] Step Six: Repeat Steps Four and Five multiple times until construction at all designated locations is completed.

[0078] In order to automatically and promptly take locking safety measures in the event of an unexpected stall and slump during the lifting process, in steps three and five, the acceleration signal of the well sinking platform 1 is collected in real time using an acceleration sensor. The controller determines whether a stall and slump has occurred based on the change in the acceleration signal. When a stall and slump occurs, the controller controls the hydraulic pump station 30 to operate, and synchronously drives multiple support shoe cylinders 25 in the multiple support shoe stabilizing mechanism 3 to extend to a set length, so that multiple stabilizing support shoes 23 tighten the well wall 12 in the circumferential direction, thereby achieving rapid locking and positioning at the current height position.

[0079] This invention provides a method for using an ultra-deep vertical shaft rack-type sinking platform system. During fixed-position construction, multiple support shoe stabilizing mechanisms 3, in conjunction with multiple pairs of gear climbing mechanisms 2, achieve suspended fixation of the sinking platform 1 within the shaft, effectively ensuring the reliability of the sinking platform's positioning. Simultaneously, during climbing or descending, multiple gear climbing mechanisms 2 achieve continuous lifting and lowering movements. Through pre-embedded racks 13, the suspended load of the sinking platform 1 is effectively transferred to the shaft wall 12 and surrounding rock via meshing, improving suspension reliability and lifting efficiency. This system effectively adapts to the frequency lifting and fixing requirements of the sinking platform 1 within the shaft, solving the problem of low efficiency in beam-socket or support shoe step-type lifting systems, which cannot meet the needs of rapid vertical shaft construction.

[0080] The method is simple to implement. Compared with the well wall beam socket or support shoe method, the toothed rail method has high reliability and continuous lifting capability. It can reliably fix the well sinking platform at any construction position in the well and realize the continuous climbing and lowering action of the well sinking platform in the well, which significantly improves the efficiency and safety of lifting.

Claims

1. A rack-and-sink system for ultra-deep vertical shafts, comprising a rack-and-sink system (1), wherein the rack-and-sink system (1) comprises vertically spaced climbing support plates (4) and support shoe plates (5); characterized in that, It also includes a gear track mechanism (11), a gear climbing mechanism (2), and a support shoe stabilizing mechanism (3). Multiple toothed rail mechanisms (11) are circumferentially spaced on the inner side of the well wall (12); the toothed rail mechanism (11) extends vertically and includes a strip support plate (15) and a toothed rail (13) mounted on the strip support plate (15). Multiple pairs of gear climbing mechanisms (2) are distributed correspondingly to multiple toothed rail mechanisms (11) and are installed at the edge of the climbing support plate (4); the gear climbing mechanism (2) includes a connecting frame (7) and a driving device (8); the connecting frame (7) is installed on the climbing support plate (4) through a connecting assembly; the driving device (8) is installed on the connecting frame (7) and its output end is equipped with a driving gear (14); the driving gear (14) meshes with the toothed rail (13); Multiple support shoe stabilizing mechanisms (3) and multiple toothed rail mechanisms (11) are staggered and installed at circumferential intervals at the edge of the support shoe support plate (5); the support shoe stabilizing mechanism (3) includes an inner guide support assembly (17) and an outer support shoe stabilizing assembly (18); the inner guide support assembly (17) is installed on the support shoe support plate (5); the outer support shoe stabilizing assembly (18) includes a support shoe cylinder (25) and a stabilizing support shoe (23), the support shoe cylinder (25) is installed on the inner guide support assembly (17), and the stabilizing support shoe (23) is installed at the piston rod end of the support shoe cylinder (25) for pressing against or disengaging from the well wall (12) under the drive of the support shoe cylinder (25). The connecting assembly includes a servo cylinder (10) and a shock-absorbing connecting rod (9); the servo cylinder (10) and the shock-absorbing connecting rod (9) are distributed radially from the inside out; the cylinder end of the servo cylinder (10) is hinged to the climbing support plate (4) through a hinge seat one, and its piston rod end is hinged to the connecting frame (7) through a hinge seat two; one end of the shock-absorbing connecting rod (9) is hinged to the climbing support plate (4) through a hinge seat three, and its other end is connected to the connecting frame (7) through a hinge seat four; The gear mechanism (11) includes two gears (13) spaced apart; each pair of gear climbing mechanisms (2) is mounted on the upper and lower ends of the climbing support plate (4) in a vertically opposite manner; the gear climbing mechanism (2) includes two drive devices (8); the connecting frame (7) is located on the outer side of the climbing support plate (4) in the axial direction; the two drive devices (8) are mounted on the two ends of the connecting frame (7) in a relatively opposite manner and are distributed correspondingly to the two gears (13); Each of the two drive devices (8) has a drive gear (14) installed at its output end, and the two drive gears (14) mesh with two toothed rails (13) respectively; there is a set pressure between the drive gear (14) and the toothed rails (13) to effectively bear the load of vertical shaft drilling suspension. The gear mechanism (11) also includes a strip guide rail (26); the strip guide rail (26) is located between two gear rails (13), extends vertically, and is fixedly installed on a strip support plate (15); the inner side of the strip support plate (15) is provided with two strip grooves (29) spaced apart, and the two gear rails (13) are fixedly installed inside the two strip grooves (29); the outer side of the connecting frame (7) has a guide beam (27), the outer side of the guide beam (27) is provided with a vertical guide groove (28), and slides on the outer side of the strip guide rail (26) through the vertical guide groove (28).

2. The ultra-deep vertical shaft rack-type drilling platform system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a working plate (31); the working plate (31) is located between the climbing support plate (4) and the support shoe plate (5), and the working plate (31) and the climbing support plate (4), and the working plate (31) and the support shoe plate (5) are fixedly connected by multiple columns (41).

3. The ultra-deep vertical shaft rack-type drilling platform system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner guide support assembly (17) includes an arc-shaped support (19), a guide support block (20), and an L-shaped support beam (21). The arc-shaped support (19) is fixedly installed on the outer edge of the support plate (5). Multiple guide support blocks (20) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped support (19). The length direction of the guide support block (20) extends radially, and its inner end is fixedly connected to the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped support (19). Its outer end is a sloping edge structure with the outer edge higher than the inner edge, and a guide groove (22) extending slopingly with the outer edge higher than the inner edge is opened at the center of its outer end. The upper end of the vertical section of the L-shaped support beam (21) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the arc-shaped support (19), and its horizontal section extends radially outward. The outer support shoe plate stabilizing assembly (18) also includes an outer guide plate (24); the plate stabilizing support shoe (23) has an arc-shaped plate structure and is located outside the arc-shaped support (19); multiple outer guide plates (24) are distributed one-to-one with multiple guide support blocks (20), the outer end of the outer guide plate (24) is fixedly connected to the inner arc surface of the plate stabilizing support shoe (23), its inner end is a sloping structure with the outer side higher than the inner side, and its inner end is slidably inserted into the guide groove (22); multiple support shoe cylinders (25) are arranged one-to-one below the multiple outer guide plates (24), the support shoe cylinders (25) are inclined with the outer side higher than the inner side, the end of its cylinder is fixedly installed on the horizontal section of the L-shaped support beam (21), and the end of its piston rod is hinged to the lower end of the outer guide plate (24).

4. The ultra-deep vertical shaft rack-type sinking platform system according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a hydraulic pump station (30), an acceleration sensor, and a controller; The driving device (8) is a hydraulic motor; The hydraulic pump station (30) is installed on the climbing support plate (4) and is connected to multiple support shoe cylinders (25), multiple servo cylinders (10) and multiple drive devices (8) through multiple high-pressure oil pipes respectively; The acceleration sensor is installed on the well drilling platform (1), and the controller is connected to the acceleration sensor and the hydraulic pump station (30) respectively.

5. The ultra-deep vertical shaft rack-type drilling platform system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The edge portion of the climbing support plate (4) is provided with multiple climbing mechanism installation spaces (6) at the positions corresponding to multiple toothed rail mechanisms (11); multiple pairs of gear climbing mechanisms (2) are respectively arranged in the multiple climbing mechanism installation spaces (6); the edge portion of the support plate (5) is provided with multiple stabilizing mechanism installation spaces (16) at the positions offset from the multiple toothed rail mechanisms (11); multiple support plate stabilizing mechanisms (3) are respectively arranged in the multiple stabilizing mechanism installation spaces (16).

6. A method of using an ultra-deep vertical shaft rack-and-sinker system, comprising the ultra-deep vertical shaft rack-and-sinker system as described in claim 5, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Step 1: Embed a strip support plate (15) with a toothed rail (13) in the concrete of the well wall (12). Step 2: When the well wall (12) is constructed to the predetermined depth, the well sinking platform (1) is connected by the stabilizing rope (40), and the well sinking platform (1) is hoisted to the upper end of the strip support plate (15) using the suspension system. After assembly and debugging, the drive gear (14) is made to mesh with the gear rail (13). Step 3: When the wellbore enters the normal construction cycle, when the sinking hoist (1) reaches the predetermined construction position, the hydraulic cylinders (25) of multiple support shoes are simultaneously controlled to extend to a set length, driving multiple stabilizing support shoes (23) to tighten the well wall (12) in the circumferential direction, and suspending and fixing the sinking hoist (1) in the predetermined construction position in the well; after the sinking hoist (1) is fixed in position, tighten the stabilizing rope (40) and maintain the required tension. Step 4: After completing the construction at the previous predetermined construction position, simultaneously control multiple support shoe cylinders (25) to retract to the set length, so that multiple stabilizing support shoes (23) are in a gap distribution with the well wall (12); simultaneously control multiple drive devices (8) to start working; when it is necessary to move the well sinking platform (1) downward, drive multiple drive gears (14) to move downward along the toothed rail (13), and simultaneously lower the stabilizing rope (40); when it is necessary to move the well sinking platform (1) upward, drive multiple drive gears (14) to climb upward along the toothed rail (13), and simultaneously raise the stabilizing rope (40). Step 5: When reaching the next predetermined construction position, control multiple drive devices (8) to stop working. At the same time, control multiple support shoe cylinders (25) to extend to a set length, drive multiple stabilizing support shoes (23) to tighten the well wall (12) in the circumferential direction, and suspend and fix the well sinking hoist (1) in the predetermined construction position in the well. After the well sinking hoist (1) is fixed in position, tighten the stabilizing rope (40) and maintain the required tension. Step Six: Repeat Steps Four and Five multiple times until construction at all designated locations is completed.

7. The method of using the ultra-deep vertical shaft toothed rail type well sinking platform system according to claim 6, characterized in that, In steps three and five, the acceleration signal of the drilling platform (1) is collected in real time using an acceleration sensor. The controller determines whether a stall or slide occurs based on the change in the acceleration signal. When a stall or slide occurs, the controller controls the hydraulic pump station (30) to operate and synchronously drives multiple support shoe cylinders (25) to extend to a set length, so that multiple stable support shoes (23) tighten the well wall (12) in the circumferential direction, thereby achieving rapid locking and positioning at the current height position.

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