Internal combustion locomotive air filtration control system and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an internal combustion locomotive air filtration control system and method. The control system comprises a sensor module, a control module and an air inlet adjusting mechanism. The sensor module is used for collecting the air inlet flow, the air inlet temperature, the air inlet humidity, the pressure of the air inlet end and the pressure of the air outlet end of the filter and transmitting data to the control module. The control module outputs a control signal to the air inlet adjusting mechanism according to the data output by the sensor module so as to adjust the air inlet sectional area of the air inlet of the filter. The air inlet adjusting mechanism is arranged at the air inlet of the filter and adjusts the air inlet sectional area of the air inlet of the filter according to the control signal. According to the technical scheme, the filtering efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of automotive electronics, and in particular to an air filter control system and control method for an internal combustion locomotive. BACKGROUND

[0002] The air filter system is one of the important protection devices for the diesel engine of the internal combustion locomotive, and is responsible for filtering and cleaning the air entering the combustion chamber of the diesel engine. One important reason for the wear of the cylinder liner of the diesel engine is the high content of sand and dust in the air in the road conditions, and the sand and dust entering the combustion chamber causes wear. Therefore, improving the air quality entering the diesel engine can improve and ensure the reliability of the diesel engine of the internal combustion locomotive and prolong its service life.

[0003] The air filter system of the internal combustion locomotive is generally divided into three levels: the first level is a pre-filter, which filters branches, leaves and other debris; the second level filter filters larger particles of dust in the air, and the third level filter is a fine filter. Clean air after filtration enters the combustion chamber of the diesel engine. The second level filter usually uses an inertial filter, which uses the principle of centrifugal force to achieve rough filtration for medium / large particles (such as sand and dust, soil particles) in the air with a particle size of 1-100 μm.

[0004] However, the existing air filter system of the internal combustion locomotive has low filtering efficiency. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an air filter control system and control method for an internal combustion locomotive, which improves the filtering efficiency of the filtering control system.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present application, an air filter control system for an internal combustion locomotive is provided, the control system comprising a sensor module, a control module and an air intake adjusting mechanism;

[0007] The sensor module is used to collect the air intake flow, air intake temperature, air intake humidity, pressure at the air intake end and pressure at the air outlet end of the filter, and transmit the data to the control module;

[0008] The control module is used to output a control signal to the air intake adjusting mechanism according to the data output by the sensor module, so as to adjust the air intake cross-sectional area of the air intake port of the filter;

[0009] The air intake adjusting mechanism is arranged at the air intake port of the filter and is used to adjust the air intake cross-sectional area of the air intake port of the filter according to the control signal.

[0010] Optionally, the sensor module comprises an air flow sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor;

[0011] An air flow sensor is installed in the main air intake duct of the filter to measure the air intake flow of the filter and transmit the air intake flow data to the control module.

[0012] The temperature sensor is installed in the filter's main air intake pipe to measure the temperature of the filter's main air intake pipe and transmit the intake temperature data to the control module.

[0013] The humidity sensor is installed in the filter's main air intake duct to measure the temperature of the filter's main air intake duct and transmit the intake air humidity data to the control module;

[0014] The first pressure sensor is installed at the air inlet of the filter to measure the pressure at the air inlet of the filter and transmit the pressure data at the air inlet to the control module.

[0015] The second pressure sensor is installed at the air outlet of the filter to measure the pressure at the air outlet of the filter and transmit the pressure data at the air outlet to the control module.

[0016] Optionally, the control module includes a data acquisition unit, a data calculation unit, and a control signal generation unit;

[0017] The data acquisition unit is connected to the sensor module to acquire the intake air flow rate data, intake air temperature data, intake air humidity data, intake end pressure data and outlet end pressure data output by the sensor module, and transmits them to the data calculation unit.

[0018] The data calculation unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to calculate the air velocity based on the intake flow rate data, intake cross-sectional area, intake temperature data and intake humidity data, and transmit the air velocity to the control signal generation unit; wherein, the intake temperature and intake humidity are used to determine the correction coefficient for correcting the air velocity, and the intake temperature and intake humidity are positively correlated with the correction coefficient.

[0019] Alternatively, the data calculation unit calculates the air velocity based on the pressure data at the inlet and outlet, and transmits the air velocity data to the control signal generation unit.

[0020] The control signal generation unit is used to generate control signals based on the airflow rate.

[0021] Optionally, the control module may also include a drive unit;

[0022] The drive unit is connected to the control signal generation unit and the intake adjustment mechanism, and is used to generate a drive signal according to the control signal. The drive signal is used to drive the intake adjustment mechanism.

[0023] Optionally, the air intake regulating mechanism includes an electrically adjustable damper.

[0024] Optionally, the control system may also include a position sensor;

[0025] The position sensor connects the intake regulating mechanism and the data acquisition unit to detect the position signal of the intake regulating mechanism and transmit it to the control module. The control module is used to verify whether the execution action of the intake regulating mechanism is consistent with the received control signal based on the position signal.

[0026] Optionally, the control module may also include a safety protection unit;

[0027] The safety protection unit connects the data acquisition unit and the control signal generation unit to determine whether the position signal is lower than the first threshold. If so, it sends a first alarm signal to the control signal generation unit.

[0028] The safety protection unit is also used to determine whether the difference between the pressure data at the intake end and the pressure data at the outlet end is higher than the second threshold. If so, it sends a second alarm signal to the control signal generation unit.

[0029] According to another aspect of the present invention, an air filter control method for internal combustion locomotives is provided, applicable to the control system of any embodiment of the present invention, the control method comprising:

[0030] The sensor module measures the intake air flow, intake air temperature, intake air humidity, intake pressure and outlet pressure, and transmits the data to the control module.

[0031] The control module outputs control signals to the intake adjustment mechanism based on the data to adjust the intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter's intake port;

[0032] The intake regulating mechanism adjusts the intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter intake port according to the control signal.

[0033] Optionally, before the sensor module measures the intake air flow rate, intake air temperature, intake air humidity, intake end pressure, and outlet end pressure, and transmits the data to the control module, it also includes:

[0034] In a laboratory environment, the air velocity and filtration efficiency corresponding to different air intake flow rates were determined by wind tunnel tests. Based on the test results, a three-dimensional database model of air intake flow rate, air velocity and filtration efficiency was established, and the air velocity when the filtration efficiency is greater than or equal to the third threshold was selected as the target air velocity.

[0035] The control module outputs control signals to the intake adjustment mechanism based on the data to adjust the intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter's intake port, including:

[0036] The control module calculates the airflow velocity based on the data, determines whether the airflow velocity is equal to the target airflow velocity, and if they are not equal, calculates the target airflow cross-sectional area of ​​the filter inlet based on the target airflow velocity, generates a control signal based on the target airflow cross-sectional area, and outputs it to the airflow regulating mechanism.

[0037] Optionally, the control method further includes: during the cold start phase, the control module delays a preset time to start adjusting the air inlet cross-sectional area of ​​the filter and corrects the target air flow rate according to the air inlet temperature;

[0038] At a preset altitude, the control module adjusts the target airflow rate based on the intake temperature, intake pressure, and exhaust pressure.

[0039] The technical solution of this invention collects the inlet air flow rate, inlet air temperature, inlet air humidity, inlet pressure, and outlet pressure of the filter through a sensor module, and transmits the data to a control module. The control module outputs a control signal to the inlet adjustment mechanism based on the data from the sensor module, and the inlet adjustment mechanism adjusts the inlet cross-sectional area of ​​the filter according to the control signal. This technical solution, by collecting data on the inlet air flow rate, inlet air temperature, inlet air humidity, inlet pressure, and outlet pressure of the filter, calculates the air velocity in real time. When the air velocity does not match the target air velocity, the control module outputs a control signal to adjust the inlet cross-sectional area of ​​the filter, thereby adjusting the air velocity and improving the filtration efficiency of the filtration control system.

[0040] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air filter control system for an internal combustion locomotive provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another internal combustion locomotive air filter control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another internal combustion locomotive air filter control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of an air filter control method for an internal combustion locomotive provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a combustion engine air filter control system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to ensuring the cleanliness of the intake air of various locomotive engines. For example, it uses filters to purify the intake air and prevent impurities such as sand and dust from damaging the engine. This embodiment does not impose any limitations on this. Figure 1 As shown, the air filter control system for an internal combustion locomotive includes a sensor module 110, a control module 120, and an intake regulating mechanism 130.

[0049] Sensor module 110 is used to collect the inlet air flow rate, inlet air temperature, inlet air humidity, inlet pressure, and outlet pressure of the filter, and transmit the data to control module 120. Control module 120 outputs a control signal to inlet adjustment mechanism 130 based on the data output by sensor module 110, thereby adjusting the inlet cross-sectional area of ​​the filter's inlet. Inlet adjustment mechanism 130 is located at the filter's inlet and is used to adjust the inlet cross-sectional area of ​​the filter's inlet according to the control signal.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, the filter refers to the key purification device in the air filtration control system of an internal combustion engine that filters intake air impurities and ensures normal engine operation. For example, it can be an inertial filter, which is mainly for medium / large particles with a diameter of 1-100μm in the air and uses the principle of centrifugal force to achieve coarse filtration.

[0051] Sensor module 110 refers to a module capable of measuring physical parameters within the filter's duct. For example, sensor module 110 can be installed at at least one of the filter's inlet, intake duct, and outlet. Sensor module 110 may include multiple sensors, which can respectively measure intake flow rate, intake temperature, intake humidity, intake pressure, and outlet pressure. Intake flow rate refers to the volume or mass of air entering the filter per unit time, reflecting the flow rate of the intake air. Intake temperature refers to the temperature of the air entering the filter, affecting air density. Intake humidity refers to the moisture content in the air entering the filter, affecting air viscosity. Intake pressure refers to the air pressure on the intake side of the filter, reflecting the stability of the intake system's supply pressure. Outlet pressure refers to the air pressure on the outlet side of the filter; the difference between this pressure and the intake pressure is a core indicator for determining the degree of filter blockage. The physical parameters within the filter's duct provide a basis for calculating air velocity; for example, air velocity can be calculated based on intake flow rate, intake temperature, and intake humidity, or based on the intake and outlet pressures.

[0052] The control module 120 refers to a control component that can receive data output from the sensor module 110 and output control signals. For example, the control module 120 calculates the current airflow velocity based on at least one of the following data: airflow rate, airflow temperature, airflow humidity, airflow pressure at the airflow end, and airflow pressure at the airflow end. If the current airflow velocity does not match the target airflow velocity, it outputs a control signal to adjust the airflow cross-sectional area of ​​the filter inlet, thereby adjusting the airflow velocity. The target airflow velocity refers to the rated rotational speed at which the expected filtration efficiency is achieved.

[0053] The intake regulating mechanism 130 refers to a component that can adjust the intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter according to the control signal. The intake cross-sectional area is related to the opening degree of the intake regulating mechanism 130. Controlling the size of the intake cross-sectional area can regulate the air flow rate.

[0054] Specifically, the sensor module 110 is installed at the air inlet, duct, or outlet of the filter. The sensor module 110 collects data from the filter. The sensor module 110 is connected to the control module 120 and transmits the collected filter data to the control module 120. The control module 120 is connected to the air intake regulating mechanism 130. The control module 120 calculates the air velocity based on the collected filter data and outputs a control signal based on the magnitude of the air velocity. The air intake regulating mechanism 130 adjusts the air intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter's air inlet according to the control signal, thereby adjusting the air velocity so that the air velocity of the filter matches the target air velocity under any operating condition, thereby improving the filter's filtration efficiency.

[0055] According to the technical solution of this embodiment of the invention, a sensor module collects the inlet air flow rate, inlet air temperature, inlet air humidity, inlet pressure, and outlet pressure of the filter, and transmits the data to a control module. The control module outputs a control signal to the inlet adjustment mechanism based on the data from the sensor module. The inlet adjustment mechanism adjusts the inlet cross-sectional area of ​​the filter's inlet according to the control signal. This technical solution collects the inlet air flow rate, inlet air temperature, inlet air humidity, inlet pressure, and outlet pressure data of the filter, calculates the air velocity in real time, and when the air velocity does not match the target air velocity, the control module outputs a control signal to adjust the inlet cross-sectional area of ​​the filter's inlet, thereby adjusting the air velocity. This ensures that the air velocity of the filter matches the target air velocity under any operating condition, improving the filter's filtration efficiency.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another internal combustion locomotive air filter control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, optionally, the sensor module 110 includes an air flow sensor 111, a temperature sensor 112, a humidity sensor 113, a first pressure sensor 114, and a second pressure sensor 115;

[0057] An air flow sensor 111 is installed in the main air inlet duct of the filter to measure the airflow rate and transmit the airflow rate data to the control module 120. A temperature sensor 112 is installed in the main air inlet duct of the filter to measure the temperature of the main air inlet duct and transmit the air temperature data to the control module 120. A humidity sensor 113 is installed in the main air inlet duct of the filter to measure the temperature of the main air inlet duct and transmit the air humidity data to the control module 120. A first pressure sensor 114 is installed at the air inlet of the filter to measure the pressure at the air inlet end and transmit the pressure data to the control module 120. A second pressure sensor 115 is installed at the air outlet of the filter to measure the pressure at the air outlet end and transmit the pressure data to the control module 120.

[0058] Among them, air flow sensor 111 is a device used to detect the airflow rate in the main air intake pipe of the filter; temperature sensor 112 is a device used to detect the air temperature in the main air intake pipe; temperature sensor 113 is a device used to measure the air humidity in the main air intake pipe; first pressure sensor 114 is a device used to measure the pressure at the air intake end of the filter; and second pressure sensor 115 is a device used to measure the pressure at the air outlet end of the filter. Air flow sensor 111, temperature sensor 112, and temperature sensor 113 are installed inside the main air intake pipe of the filter; first pressure sensor 114 is installed at the air inlet of the filter; and second pressure sensor 115 is installed at the air outlet of the filter. Through the air flow sensor 111, temperature sensor 112, humidity sensor 113, first pressure sensor 114, and second pressure sensor 115 in sensor module 110, real-time data of the main air intake pipe of the filter can be obtained, facilitating the control system to adjust the air intake cross-sectional area in real time to improve filtration efficiency.

[0059] Optionally, the control module 120 includes a data acquisition unit 121, a data calculation unit 122, and a control signal generation unit 123;

[0060] Data acquisition unit 121 is connected to sensor module 110 and is used to acquire intake flow rate data, intake temperature data, intake humidity data, intake end pressure data, and outlet end pressure data output by sensor module 110, and transmit them to data calculation unit 122. Data calculation unit 122 is connected to data acquisition unit 121 and is used to calculate air velocity based on intake flow rate data, intake cross-sectional area, intake temperature data, and intake humidity data, and transmit the air velocity to control signal generation unit 123; wherein, intake temperature and intake humidity are used to determine correction coefficients for correcting air velocity, and intake temperature and intake humidity are positively correlated with correction coefficients. Alternatively, data calculation unit 122 calculates air velocity based on intake end pressure data and outlet end pressure data, and transmits the air velocity data to control signal generation unit 123. Control signal generation unit 123 is used to generate control signals based on air velocity.

[0061] The data acquisition unit 121 refers to a circuit module that can receive data output by the sensor module 110. For example, the data acquisition unit 121 may include an analog-to-digital converter to read the intake flow rate data, intake temperature data, intake humidity data, intake pressure data and outlet pressure data of the sensor module 110. The data acquisition unit 121 can perform digital filtering on the data and output stable data.

[0062] The data calculation unit 122 refers to a module that can calculate the air velocity based on the data output by the data acquisition unit 121. For example, the data calculation unit 122 can calculate the air velocity V based on the intake air flow rate data, intake air temperature data, and intake air humidity data. Where Q refers to the intake airflow rate and A refers to the actual intake cross-sectional area. This refers to the correction factor. The correction factor is a numerical value used to adjust airflow velocity data. Intake temperature affects air density, and intake humidity affects air viscosity. Intake temperature and humidity are positively correlated with the correction factor. For example, by measuring intake temperature and humidity, airflow velocity can be corrected, improving the accuracy of the airflow velocity data. Alternatively, when airflow sensor 111 fails, the intake flow rate can be obtained based on the difference between the pressure at the intake and outlet ends. , It refers to the difference between the pressure at the inlet and outlet ends, and then the air velocity is calculated.

[0063] The control signal generation unit 123 refers to a component that can generate control signals based on air velocity data. For example, the control signal generation unit 123 stores a velocity-filtration efficiency relationship mapping table, selects the velocity corresponding to a filtration efficiency of 80% as the target air velocity, receives the air velocity data output by the data calculation unit 122 and determines whether the air velocity is equal to the target air velocity. If they are not equal, the air velocity needs to be adjusted to improve the filtration efficiency. Then, the control signal generation unit 123 generates and outputs a control signal.

[0064] Specifically, the data acquisition unit 121 receives data from the sensor module 110 and transmits it to the data calculation unit 122. The data calculation unit 122 calculates the airflow velocity based on the data and transmits the airflow velocity data to the control signal generation unit 123. The control signal generation unit 123 generates a corresponding control signal based on the airflow velocity. By generating a control signal based on the airflow velocity, the airflow velocity is made close to or equal to the target airflow velocity, improving the filtration efficiency of the internal combustion locomotive under actual operating conditions. For example, under conditions such as low-speed operation, light load conditions, and differences in wind resistance on different lines, the intake airflow is at a non-rated velocity, resulting in low filtration efficiency. This embodiment of the invention can dynamically adjust the airflow velocity under actual operating conditions, ensuring that the airflow velocity of the filter meets the target airflow velocity under any operating condition. Improved filtration efficiency helps extend the service life of the fine filter and enhances the reliability and economy of various locomotives in complex environments. The control module 120 can be a control chip, and the data acquisition unit 121, data calculation unit 122 and control signal generation unit 123 can be integrated onto the control chip.

[0065] Optionally, the control module 120 may also include a drive unit 124;

[0066] The drive unit 124 is connected to the control signal generation unit 123 and the intake regulating mechanism 130, and is used to generate a drive signal according to the control signal. The drive signal is used to drive the intake regulating mechanism 130.

[0067] The drive unit 124 is a component that can convert control signals into drive signals that can be recognized and responded to by the intake actuator 130. The drive signal has a greater driving capability than the control signal. The drive unit 124 may include a drive motor to provide power support for the mechanical action of the intake regulating mechanism 130 to adjust the intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter. The drive unit 124 can also be used as overcurrent protection to prevent the drive motor from stalling.

[0068] Optionally, the intake regulating mechanism 130 includes an electrically adjustable damper.

[0069] Among them, the electric regulating damper is the actuating component of the air intake regulating mechanism 130. It is a device that controls the air intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter by adjusting the opening degree through electric drive. For example, the electric regulating damper is installed at the front end of the air intake of the filter. The electric regulating damper is composed of an aluminum alloy frame and stainless steel blades. It is driven by the drive unit 124 and can continuously adjust the air intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter.

[0070] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another internal combustion locomotive air filter control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Optionally, based on any of the above embodiments, the control system further includes a position sensor 140.

[0071] The position sensor 140 is connected to the intake regulating mechanism 130 and the data acquisition unit 121. It is used to detect the position signal of the intake regulating mechanism 130 and transmit it to the control module 120. The control module 120 is used to verify whether the execution action of the intake regulating mechanism 130 is consistent with the received control signal based on the position signal.

[0072] The air filtration control system includes a filter 10 and a baffle 11, with air entering the filter along the first direction x.

[0073] The position sensor 140 is a device used to detect the position status of the moving parts of the intake regulating mechanism 130 and convert it into an electrical signal for feedback. For example, the position sensor 140 can be a potentiometer or a Hall sensor. The position sensor 140 is connected to the rotating shaft of the intake regulating mechanism 130, detects the actual position data such as the linear displacement or rotation angle of the rotating shaft, and feeds the actual position data back to the control module 120. The control module 120 can indirectly determine the intake regulating mechanism 130's performance based on the actual position data and the target position data. The target position data refers to the ideal position state that the intake regulating mechanism 130 needs to achieve under the control signal. If the actual position data and the target position data of the intake regulating mechanism 130 are not equal or the difference between them exceeds a certain range, the control module 120 outputs a control signal again to adjust the intake regulating mechanism 130.

[0074] Optionally, the control module 120 may also include a safety protection unit 125;

[0075] The safety protection unit 125 is connected to the data acquisition unit 121 and the control signal generation unit 123. It is used to determine whether the position signal is lower than a first threshold. If so, it sends a first alarm signal to the control signal generation unit 123. The safety protection unit 125 is also used to determine whether the difference between the pressure data at the inlet end and the pressure data at the outlet end is higher than a second threshold. If so, it sends a second alarm signal to the control signal generation unit 123.

[0076] The safety protection unit 125 is a component that can perform status detection and generate early warning prompts based on the data output by the sensor module 110. When there is an abnormality in the data, the safety protection unit 125 sends an alarm signal to the control signal generation unit 123. The control signal generation unit 123 outputs a control signal based on the alarm signal to adjust the intake adjustment mechanism 130 to ensure the safety of the control system.

[0077] The first threshold can be the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the filter's inlet to ensure normal operation of the control system. When the filter's inlet cross-sectional area is lower than the first threshold, there is a risk of insufficient airflow, abnormal operation of the control system, or equipment damage. The second threshold can be the safe upper limit of the pressure difference between the filter's inlet and outlet ends. Exceeding the second threshold means that the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet ends is abnormal, which may lead to risks such as filter blockage or system malfunction.

[0078] Specifically, the safety protection unit 125 is connected to the data acquisition unit 121. Based on the position signal fed back by the position sensor 140, it determines whether the position exceeds a first threshold. If so, the safety protection unit 125 sends a first alarm signal to the control signal generation unit 123. The control signal generation unit 123 generates a control signal based on the first alarm signal to adjust the opening of the air intake adjustment mechanism 130, thereby preventing the air intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter from being too small and reducing the reliability of the control system. The safety protection unit 125 also determines whether the difference between the pressure at the air intake end output by the first pressure sensor 114 and the pressure at the air outlet end output by the second pressure sensor 115 exceeds a second threshold. If so, the safety protection unit 125 sends a second alarm signal to the control signal generation unit 123. The control signal generation unit 123 generates a control signal based on the second alarm signal, and the air intake adjustment mechanism 130 adjusts the air intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter to keep the pressure difference between the air intake end and the air outlet end within a safe range. Optionally, when the data acquisition unit 121 fails to acquire the intake air flow data, it indicates that the air flow sensor 111 may be faulty. At this time, the control module 120 calculates the intake air flow based on the difference between the pressure at the intake end and the pressure at the outlet end, and adjusts the intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter.

[0079] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating an air filter control method for an internal combustion locomotive provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This control method is applied to the control system of any embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the control methods include:

[0080] S101, the sensor module measures the intake air flow, intake air temperature, intake air humidity, intake end pressure and outlet end pressure, and transmits the data to the control module.

[0081] In this embodiment of the invention, the sensor module includes an air flow sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a first pressure sensor, and a second pressure sensor. The sensor module can collect the intake air flow, intake air temperature, intake air humidity, intake end pressure, and outlet end pressure every 100ms, and output the collected data to the control module for calculating the air velocity.

[0082] S102. The control module outputs a control signal to the intake adjustment mechanism based on the data to adjust the intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter's intake port.

[0083] In this embodiment of the invention, the control module includes a data acquisition unit, a data calculation unit, and a control signal generation unit. The data acquisition unit is connected to the sensor module, acquires the intake flow rate data, intake temperature data, intake humidity data, intake end pressure data, and outlet end pressure data output by the sensor module, and transmits them to the data calculation unit. The data calculation unit is connected to the data acquisition unit, calculates the air velocity based on the intake flow rate data, intake cross-sectional area, intake temperature data, and intake humidity data, and transmits the air velocity to the control signal generation unit. Alternatively, the data calculation unit calculates the air velocity based on the intake end pressure data and outlet end pressure data, and transmits the air velocity data to the control signal generation unit. The control signal generation unit generates a control signal based on the air velocity and transmits it to the intake adjustment mechanism, which can adjust the intake cross-sectional area according to the control signal.

[0084] S103. The intake adjustment mechanism adjusts the intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter intake port according to the control signal.

[0085] In this embodiment of the invention, the intake adjustment mechanism is connected to the control module and adjusts the intake cross-sectional area according to the control signal. By adjusting the size of the intake cross-sectional area, the intake flow rate is adjusted, thereby adjusting the air velocity. Through dynamic adaptive adjustment, the filtration control system tracks changes in actual working conditions and improves filtration efficiency.

[0086] Optionally, before the sensor module measures the intake air flow rate, intake air temperature, intake air humidity, intake end pressure, and outlet end pressure, and transmits the data to the control module, it also includes:

[0087] In a laboratory environment, the air velocity and filtration efficiency corresponding to different intake flow rates were determined by wind tunnel tests. Based on the test results, a three-dimensional database model of intake flow rate, air velocity and filtration efficiency was established, and the air velocity when the filtration efficiency is greater than or equal to the third threshold was selected as the target air velocity.

[0088] Wind tunnel testing refers to an experimental method that studies the relationship between air velocity and filtration efficiency when air is moving relative to air in an artificially simulated airflow environment. Through multiple simulations, a three-dimensional database model of intake flow rate, air velocity, and filtration efficiency can be established. This model contains a correspondence between these parameters; for example, a filtration efficiency of 80% corresponds to a set of intake flow rate and air velocity values. The third threshold refers to the minimum filtration efficiency standard required to guarantee the filter's effectiveness. For instance, a minimum filtration efficiency of 80% ensures the filter's filtration performance. The air velocity at which the filtration efficiency is greater than or equal to the third threshold is selected as the target air velocity. At this target air velocity, the filter's filtration efficiency can reach the 80% standard. If the air velocity is lower than the target air velocity, the filter's efficiency will decrease.

[0089] The control module outputs control signals to the intake adjustment mechanism based on the data to adjust the intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter's intake port, including:

[0090] The control module calculates the airflow velocity based on the data, determines whether the airflow velocity is equal to the target airflow velocity, and if they are not equal, calculates the target airflow cross-sectional area of ​​the filter inlet based on the target airflow velocity, generates a control signal based on the target airflow cross-sectional area, and outputs it to the airflow regulating mechanism.

[0091] The target intake cross-sectional area refers to the filter's intake cross-sectional area that ensures the airflow velocity reaches the target airflow velocity. When the airflow velocity is not equal to the target airflow velocity, the control module calculates the target intake cross-sectional area based on the target airflow velocity. For example... ,in, For the target air intake cross-sectional area, For air intake flow rate, The target airflow velocity is used, and a control signal is generated based on the target cross-sectional area. This control signal includes instructions regarding the opening degree of the intake regulating mechanism, for example... ,in, This refers to the opening degree of the intake adjustment mechanism that allows the filter's intake cross-sectional area to reach the target intake cross-sectional area. This refers to the actual intake cross-sectional area. The intake regulating mechanism adjusts the intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter according to the control signal to adjust the airflow velocity to achieve the target airflow velocity, thereby ensuring the filtration effect of the filter. Optionally, the intake regulating mechanism can perform smooth adjustment according to the control algorithm. Sudden changes in the electric regulating damper can cause airflow impact. For example, fuzzy logic algorithms or proportional-integral-derivative (PID) algorithms can be used to output the control signal.

[0092] For example, the target airflow velocity when the filtration efficiency is greater than or equal to 80% is: The airflow rate of the filter Current actual air intake cross-sectional area Correction factor The air velocity can then be calculated based on the intake flow rate, intake cross-sectional area, and correction factor. At this time, the air velocity With the target airflow velocity If they are not equal, the control module calculates the target intake cross-sectional area. , Then the intake cross-sectional area needs to be adjusted to The airflow velocity can reach the target airflow velocity. Optionally, the opening degree of the intake regulating mechanism can be calculated using the target intake cross-sectional area and the current actual intake cross-sectional area. , , The control module generates corresponding control signals based on the calculated data to adjust the air intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter.

[0093] Optionally, the sensor module periodically detects real-time data, and the control module periodically calculates the data, for example, detecting and calculating once every 100ms. If the airflow velocity is equal to the target airflow velocity, the intake regulating mechanism is controlled to maintain its opening; if the airflow velocity is not equal to the target airflow velocity, the opening of the intake regulating mechanism is controlled to adjust the intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter. By dynamically adjusting the intake cross-sectional area of ​​the filter, The filtration efficiency is restored from 30%-40% to over 80%. The improved filtration efficiency reduces the amount of dust penetrating the downstream fine filter by 60%-70%, reduces the cylinder wear rate of the diesel engine, improves the reliability of the diesel engine, reduces the cost of replacing the fine filter on the locomotive, and reduces labor and economic costs.

[0094] Optionally, the control method further includes: during the cold start phase, the control module delays a preset time to start adjusting the air inlet cross-sectional area of ​​the filter and corrects the target air flow rate according to the air inlet temperature.

[0095] At a preset altitude, the control module adjusts the target airflow rate based on the intake temperature, intake pressure, and exhaust pressure.

[0096] The cold start phase refers to the process of starting the internal combustion engine for the first time after it has been shut down and its temperature has dropped to ambient temperature, gradually warming it up to a stable operating state. During the cold start phase, the temperature is low, the intake air flow requirement is low, and the air density is high. Therefore, the control module needs to delay the opening of the intake air regulating mechanism to prevent malfunctions. As the temperature gradually rises, the control module adjusts the target air flow rate based on the intake air temperature, improving the robustness of the air filter control system's filtration efficiency during the cold start phase.

[0097] When the altitude reaches the preset altitude, the air density will decrease. For example, at an altitude of 3000m, the air density is 70% of that at sea level. At this time, the control module corrects the target air flow rate based on the intake temperature, intake pressure and exhaust pressure to improve the robustness of the air filtration control system in high-altitude environments.

[0098] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and no limitation is imposed herein.

[0099] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An air filter control system for an internal combustion locomotive, characterized in that, The control system comprises a sensor module, a control module and an air intake adjusting mechanism. The sensor module is configured to collect air intake flow, air intake temperature, air intake humidity, pressure at the air intake end and pressure at the air outlet end of the filter and transmit the data to the control module. The control module is configured to output a control signal to the air intake adjusting mechanism according to the data output by the sensor module, so as to adjust the air intake cross-sectional area of the air intake port of the filter. The air intake adjusting mechanism is arranged at the air intake port of the filter and is configured to adjust the air intake cross-sectional area of the air intake port of the filter according to the control signal.

2. The control system of claim 1, wherein, The sensor module comprises an air flow sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor. The air flow sensor is arranged at the air intake main pipeline of the filter and is configured to measure the air intake flow of the filter and transmit the air intake flow data to the control module. The temperature sensor is arranged at the air intake main pipeline of the filter and is configured to measure the temperature of the air intake main pipeline of the filter and transmit the air intake temperature data to the control module. The humidity sensor is arranged at the air intake main pipeline of the filter and is configured to measure the temperature of the air intake main pipeline of the filter and transmit the air intake humidity data to the control module. The first pressure sensor is arranged at the air intake port of the filter and is configured to measure the pressure at the air intake end of the filter and transmit the pressure data at the air intake end to the control module. The second pressure sensor is arranged at the air outlet port of the filter and is configured to measure the pressure at the air outlet end of the filter and transmit the pressure data at the air outlet end to the control module.

3. The control system of claim 1, wherein, The control module comprises a data acquisition unit, a data calculation unit and a control signal generation unit. The data acquisition unit is connected to the sensor module and is configured to acquire the air intake flow data, air intake temperature data, air intake humidity data, pressure data at the air intake end and pressure data at the air outlet end output by the sensor module and transmit the data to the data calculation unit. The data calculation unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and is configured to calculate the air flow rate according to the air intake flow data, air intake cross-sectional area, air intake temperature data and air intake humidity data and transmit the air flow rate to the control signal generation unit; wherein the air intake temperature and the air intake humidity are used to determine a correction coefficient for correcting the air flow rate, and the air intake temperature and the air intake humidity are positively correlated with the correction coefficient. Alternatively, the data calculation unit calculates the air flow rate according to the pressure data at the air intake end and the pressure data at the air outlet end and transmits the air flow rate data to the control signal generation unit. The control signal generation unit is configured to generate a control signal according to the air flow rate.

4. The control system of claim 1, wherein, The control module further comprises a driving unit. The driving unit is connected to the control signal generation unit and the air intake adjusting mechanism and is configured to generate a driving signal according to the control signal, wherein the driving signal is used to drive the air intake adjusting mechanism.

5. The control system of claim 1, wherein, The air intake adjusting mechanism comprises an electrically-driven adjusting damper.

6. The control system of claim 1, wherein, The control system further comprises a position sensor. The position sensor connects the air intake adjusting mechanism and the data acquisition unit, and is used for detecting a position signal of the air intake adjusting mechanism and transmitting the position signal to the control module.

7. The control system of claim 1, wherein, The control module further comprises a safety protection unit. The safety protection unit connects the data acquisition unit and the control signal generation unit, and is used for judging whether the position signal is lower than a first threshold value, and if yes, sending a first alarm signal to the control signal generation unit. The safety protection unit is further used for judging whether a difference between the pressure data of the air intake end and the pressure data of the air outlet end is higher than a second threshold value, and if yes, sending a second alarm signal to the control signal generation unit.

8. An internal combustion engine vehicle air cleaner control method characterized by, The control method is applied to the control system according to any one of claims 1-7, and the control method comprises: The sensor module measures the air intake flow, the air intake temperature, the air intake humidity, the pressure of the air intake end and the pressure of the air outlet end, and transmits the data to the control module; The control module outputs a control signal to the air intake adjusting mechanism according to the data, so as to adjust the air intake sectional area of the air intake port of the filter; The air intake adjusting mechanism adjusts the air intake sectional area of the air intake port of the filter according to the control signal.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized by, Before the sensor module measures the air intake flow, the air intake temperature, the air intake humidity, the pressure of the air intake end and the pressure of the air outlet end, and transmits the data to the control module, the method further comprises: In a laboratory environment, the air flow rate and the filtration efficiency corresponding to different air intake flows are determined through a wind tunnel test, a three-dimensional database model of the air intake flow, the air flow rate and the filtration efficiency is established according to the test results, and the air flow rate when the filtration efficiency is greater than or equal to a third threshold value is selected as a target air flow rate; The control module outputs a control signal to the air intake adjusting mechanism according to the data, so as to adjust the air intake sectional area of the air intake port of the filter, and the method comprises: The control module calculates the air flow rate according to the data, judges whether the air flow rate is equal to the target air flow rate, if not, calculates a target air intake sectional area of the air intake port of the filter based on the target air flow rate, generates a control signal according to the target air intake sectional area, and outputs the control signal to the air intake adjusting mechanism.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized by The method further comprises: In a cold start stage, the control module delays a preset time to start adjusting the air intake sectional area of the air intake port of the filter, and corrects the target air flow rate according to the air intake temperature; In a preset altitude environment, the control module corrects the target air flow rate according to the air intake temperature, the pressure of the air intake end and the pressure of the air outlet end.

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