Multi-working-condition friction torque measurement test bed of self-adaptive rolling bearing

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of bearing detection equipment, and particularly relates to a multi-working-condition friction torque measurement test bed of a self-adaptive rolling bearing. The X, Y and Z three-degree-of-freedom design of the guide device not only is suitable for a bearing experiment, but also can be suitable for a disc-shaped sample friction experiment. In an existing test bed, a supporting element for supporting a bearing is difficult to adapt to bearings of different sizes, and the clamp designed by the invention can clamp the bearings of different sizes and ensure that the bearings and a clamp body are concentric. A carbon brush is usually used as a power-up device of a bearing in a test bench. The conductive slip ring is used for powering up the bearing, and a better powering-up mode is designed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of bearing testing equipment, and in particular relates to a multi-condition friction torque measurement test bench for adaptive rolling bearings. Background Technology

[0002] Rolling bearings are critical basic components in military, aerospace, and other fields. Operating under complex conditions such as varying electric fields, temperature fields, and loads, they often experience fluctuations in frictional torque or even lubrication failure, thus affecting the stable operation of critical equipment. Furthermore, the bearings used in different fields and equipment are not entirely the same. Therefore, a bearing friction torque measurement test bench is needed that can adapt to various rolling bearings and simulate complex conditions such as electric fields, temperature fields, and loads to study the frictional performance of bearings used in different equipment under typical operating conditions. Due to the limitations of bearing size variations, existing test benches are often only applicable to one type of bearing, resulting in poor versatility. Therefore, this invention aims to design a bearing friction torque measurement test bench that can adapt to various rolling bearings and simulate complex operating conditions. The shortcomings of existing technologies are: ① The support elements in the test bench that support the bearings are difficult to adapt to bearings of different sizes; often, a different support element needs to be customized for each bearing size. Specifically, the inner ring of the bearing is mounted on the shaft, and different types of bearings have different inner diameters, therefore, shafts with different diameters need to be customized for different types of bearings. The outer ring of the bearing is installed in the bearing housing. Different types of bearings have different outer diameters, therefore bearing housings with different bore diameters need to be customized for different types of bearings. ② The test bench uses carbon brushes as the power supply device, which come into contact with the high-speed rotating surface, resulting in severe wear. The generated wear debris will contaminate the bearing testing environment and affect the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problems solved by this invention are: ① A fixture that can be adapted to bearings of various sizes. ② An integrated conductive slip ring as an energizing device, whose electrodes move synchronously with the rotating surface, has no wear, a long service life, causes minimal pollution to the bearing working environment, and can achieve extremely high rotational speeds.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is: An adaptive rolling bearing multi-condition friction torque measurement test bench includes a frame 1, a support frame 2, a guide device 3, a loading device 4, a detection device 5, an oil supply device 6, a bearing to be tested 7, a fixture 8, a drive device 9, and a conductive slip ring 10.

[0005] The XYZ three-degree-of-freedom design of the guiding device makes it suitable not only for bearing experiments but also for friction experiments on disc-shaped samples. Existing test benches use support elements that are difficult to accommodate bearings of different sizes. The fixture designed in this invention can hold bearings of different sizes while ensuring concentricity between the bearing and the fixture. Test benches often use carbon brushes as the power supply for the bearings. This invention uses conductive slip rings to power the bearings, providing a better power supply method. The XYZ three-axis adjustment of the guiding device 3 can be achieved through other mechanical mechanisms as long as linear motion can be realized.

[0006] The first, second, third, and fourth guide rail bearings, as well as the drive bearing, are angular contact ball bearings capable of withstanding axial and radial loads. Other bearings suitable for guiding and loading devices can also be substituted. Multiple specially shaped blades are synchronously controlled by a rotatable drive ring. When the drive ring rotates, its inner inclined or curved grooves interact with pins on each blade, while the pins at the other end of the blades are confined in the radial straight grooves of the outer fixed ring. This decomposes the rotational motion of the drive ring into coordinated radial linear motion of all blades—when the drive ring rotates in one direction, all blades slide synchronously towards the center, causing the central aperture to smoothly contract; when the drive ring rotates in the opposite direction, the blades slide synchronously outward, causing the central aperture to expand. This achieves centering and clamping of the bearings, replacing the function of a clamp for centering and clamping the bearing being tested. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the left view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the oil supply unit in operation; Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the location and connection of the transparent cover; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the entire transparent cover; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of each part of the fixture; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the clamping rotary disk, rotating rod, double-sided connecting blocks, and clamping parts of the fixture; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the threaded rod, the first connecting block, the nut, the second connecting block, and the rotating disk of the clamp.

[0008] Among them, 1-frame; 2-support frame; 3-guide device; 31-Z-direction linear guide rail; 311-first support body of guide rail; 312-first motor of guide rail; 313-first coupling of guide rail; 314-first spring retaining ring of guide rail; 315-first bearing of guide rail; 316-first lead screw of guide rail; 317-first slider of guide rail; 32-X-direction linear guide rail; 321-second support body of guide rail; 322-second motor of guide rail; 323-second coupling of guide rail; 324-second spring retaining ring of guide rail; 325-second bearing of guide rail; 326-second lead screw of guide rail. 327-Second slider of guide rail; 33-Y-direction linear guide rail; 331-Third support body of guide rail; 332-Third motor of guide rail; 333-Third coupling of guide rail; 334-Third spring retaining ring of guide rail; 335-Third bearing of guide rail; 336-Third lead screw of guide rail; 337-Third slider of guide rail; 34-Guide rail connecting plate; 4-Loading device; 41-Loading device connecting plate; 42-Loading linear guide rail; 421-Fourth support body of guide rail; 422-Fourth motor of guide rail; 423-Fourth coupling of guide rail; 424-Fourth spring retaining ring of guide rail; 42 5-Fourth bearing of guide rail, 426-Fourth lead screw of guide rail, 427-Fourth slider of guide rail, 43-Loading contact part, 431-Loading connecting block, 432-Pressure head connecting block, 433-Loading pressure head; 5-Detection device, 51-Force sensor, 52-Torque sensor; 6-Oil supply device, 61-Oil supply contact head, 62-Oil inlet pipe, 63-Oil outlet pipe, 64-Oil groove; 7-Bearing under test, 71-Inner ring of bearing under test, 72-Cage of bearing under test, 73-Outer ring of bearing under test; 8-Clamp, 81-Clamping body, 82-Clamp 83-Rotating rod, 84-Double-sided connecting block, 85-Clamping part, 86-Threaded rod, 87-First connecting block, 88-Nut, 89-Second connecting block; 9-Drive device, 91-Drive motor, 92-Drive coupling, 93-Main shaft, 94-Drive spring retaining ring, 95-Drive bearing; 10-Conductive slip ring, 101-Conductive slip ring wire; 11-Loading rotating disk; 12-Insulating disk; 13-Transparent cover, 131-First transparent cover, 1311-First connection point, 132-Second transparent cover, 1321-Second connection point. Detailed Implementation

[0009] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0010] Example An adaptive rolling bearing multi-condition friction torque measurement test bench, such as Figure 1 As shown, the present invention mainly includes a frame 1; a support frame 2; a guide device 3; a loading device 4; a detection device 5; an oil supply device 6; a bearing to be detected 7; a clamp 8; a drive device 9; and a conductive slip ring 10.

[0011] Taking the plane containing rack 1 as the XY plane, with the Z-axis perpendicular to the XY plane and pointing upwards, according to... Figure 1 In the coordinate axis direction, the guide device 3 is divided into X-axis linear guide rail 32, Y-axis linear guide rail 33, and Z-axis linear guide rail 31. X-axis linear guide rail 32 can guide the loading device 4 and the detection device 5 to move within a certain range in the front-back direction, Y-axis linear guide rail 33 can guide movement in the left-right direction, and Z-axis linear guide rail 31 can guide movement in the up-down direction.

[0012] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the Z-axis linear guide 31 is divided into a first guide rail support 311, a first guide rail motor 312, a first guide rail coupling 313, a first guide rail spring retaining ring 314, a first guide rail bearing 315, a first guide rail lead screw 316, and a first guide rail slider 317. The first motor 312 of the guide rail is bolted to the first support body 311 of the guide rail; a pair of first bearings 315 of the guide rail are respectively installed in two holes of corresponding sizes in the first support body 311 of the guide rail, and the corresponding holes of the first support body 311 of the guide rail are provided with bosses, which have the function of restricting the first bearings 315 of the guide rail to move to one end; a threaded hole of the first slider 317 of the guide rail mates with the thread of the first lead screw 316 of the guide rail, and the first slider 317 of the guide rail is installed on the first lead screw 326 of the guide rail; the first lead screw 316 of the guide rail with the first slider 317 of the guide rail is installed in the holes of the pair of first bearings 315 of the guide rail; a pair of first spring retaining rings 314 of the guide rail are respectively fixed to both ends of the first lead screw 326 of the guide rail and are close to the pair of first bearings 315 of the guide rail, which restricts the first bearings 315 of the guide rail to move to one end. The other end moves, thus completely limiting the first bearing 315 of the guide rail; the first coupling 313 of the guide rail connects the first motor 312 of the guide rail and the first lead screw 316 of the guide rail, completely restricting the axial and radial movement of the first lead screw 316 of the guide rail, ensuring that when the first motor 312 of the guide rail moves, it can drive the first lead screw 316 of the guide rail to rotate, thereby driving the first slider 317 of the guide rail on the first lead screw 316 to move linearly. The first motor 312 can drive the first slider 317 of the guide rail to move linearly in the opposite direction when it rotates forward or backward; the connection points between the two ends of the first lead screw 316 and the first coupling 313 of the guide rail, the first spring retaining ring 314 of the guide rail, and the first bearing 315 of the guide rail are not threaded, while the other positions are threaded. The threaded parts are the range of motion of the first slider 317 of the guide rail.

[0013] like Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the X-axis linear guide 32 is divided into a second guide rail support 321, a second guide rail motor 322, a second guide rail coupling 323, a second guide rail spring retaining ring 324, a second guide rail bearing 325, a second guide rail lead screw 326, and a second guide rail slider 327. The second guide rail motor 322 is bolted to the second guide rail support 321. A pair of second guide rail bearings 325 are respectively installed in two corresponding holes in the second guide rail support 321. The corresponding holes in the second guide rail support 321 have bosses that restrict the second guide rail bearings 325 from moving to one end. A threaded hole of the second guide rail slider 327 mates with the thread of the second guide rail screw 326, allowing the second guide rail slider 327 to be installed on the second guide rail screw 326. The second guide rail screw 326 with the second guide rail slider 327 is installed in the holes of the pair of second guide rail bearings 325. A pair of second guide rail spring retaining rings 324 are respectively fixed to both ends of the second guide rail screw 326 and closely fitted to the pair of second guide rail bearings 325, thus restricting the movement of the second guide rail bearings 325 towards one end. The other end moves, thus completely limiting the second bearing 325 of the guide rail; the second coupling 323 of the guide rail connects the second motor 322 of the guide rail and the second lead screw 326 of the guide rail, completely restricting the axial and radial movement of the second lead screw 326 of the guide rail, ensuring that when the second motor 322 of the guide rail moves, it can drive the second lead screw 326 of the guide rail to rotate, thereby driving the second slider 327 of the guide rail on the second lead screw 326 to move linearly. The second motor 322 can drive the second slider 327 of the guide rail to move linearly in the opposite direction when it rotates forward or backward; the connection points between the two ends of the second lead screw 326 and the second coupling 323 of the guide rail, the second spring retaining ring 324 of the guide rail, and the second bearing 325 of the guide rail are not threaded, while the other positions are threaded. The threaded parts are the range of motion of the second slider 327 of the guide rail.

[0014] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the Y-axis linear guide 33 is divided into the third support body 331, the third motor 332, the third coupling 333, the third spring retaining ring 334, the third bearing 335, the third lead screw 336, and the third slider 337. The third motor 332 is bolted to the third support body 331 of the guide rail; a pair of third bearings 335 are respectively installed in two corresponding holes in the third support body 331 of the guide rail, and the corresponding holes in the third support body 331 of the guide rail have bosses, which have the function of restricting the third bearings 335 from moving to one end; a threaded hole of the third slider 337 of the guide rail mates with the thread of the third lead screw 336 of the guide rail, and the third slider 337 of the guide rail is installed on the second lead screw 326 of the guide rail; the third lead screw 336 of the guide rail with the third slider 337 of the guide rail is installed in the holes of the pair of third bearings 335 of the guide rail; a pair of third spring retaining rings 334 of the guide rail are respectively fixed to both ends of the third lead screw 336 of the guide rail and are close to the pair of third bearings 335 of the guide rail, which restricts the third bearings 335 from moving to one end. The other end moves, thus completely limiting the third bearing 335 of the guide rail; the third coupling 333 of the guide rail connects the third motor 332 of the guide rail and the third lead screw 336 of the guide rail, completely restricting the axial and radial movement of the third lead screw 336 of the guide rail, ensuring that when the third motor 332 of the guide rail moves, it can drive the third lead screw 336 of the guide rail to rotate, thereby driving the third slider 337 of the guide rail on the third lead screw 336 to move linearly. The forward or reverse rotation of the third motor 332 can drive the third slider 337 of the guide rail to move linearly in the opposite direction; the connection points between the two ends of the third lead screw 336 and the third coupling 333 of the guide rail, the third spring retaining ring 334 of the guide rail, and the third bearing 335 of the guide rail are not threaded, while other positions are threaded. The threaded parts are the range of motion of the third slider 337 of the guide rail.

[0015] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the first support body 311 of the Z-axis linear guide 31 is bolted to the upright plate of the frame 1; the first slider 317, the second slider 327, and the third slider 337 are each tapped with additional threaded holes; the guide connecting plate 34 is bolted to the first slider 317 and the second support body 321, so that when the first slider 317 moves in the Z-axis linear motion, it drives the X-axis linear guide 32 to move in the Z-axis linear motion simultaneously; the second slider 327 of the X-axis linear guide 32 is bolted to the third support body 331 of the Y-axis linear guide 33, so that when the second slider 327 moves in the X-axis linear motion, it drives the Y-axis linear guide 33 to move in the X-axis linear motion simultaneously; when the first slider 317 of the Z-axis linear guide 31 moves in the Z-axis linear motion, the Y-axis linear guide 33 can also move in the Z-axis linear motion.

[0016] The loading device 4 can apply axial loads of different magnitudes to the bearing 7 being tested. The loading device 4 consists of a loading device connecting plate 41, a loading linear guide rail 42, and a loading contact part 43. The third slider 337 of the Y-direction linear guide rail 33 is connected to the loading device connecting plate 41 of the loading device 4 with bolts. This allows the loading device connecting plate 41 of the loading device 4 to move in the Y-direction when the third slider 337 moves in the Y-direction. When the first slider 317 of the Z-direction linear guide rail 31 moves in the Z-direction and the second slider 327 of the X-direction linear guide rail 32 moves in the X-direction, the loading device connecting plate 41 can also move in the X and Z directions. Therefore, the loading device 4 and the connected testing device 5 can both move in the XYZ directions to adjust their positions.

[0017] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the loading linear guide 42 is divided into the fourth support body 421, the fourth motor 422, the fourth coupling 423, the fourth spring retaining ring 424, the fourth bearing 425, the fourth lead screw 426, and the fourth slider 427. The fourth motor 422 is bolted to the fourth support body 421. A pair of fourth bearings 425 are respectively installed in two corresponding holes in the fourth support body 421. The corresponding holes in the fourth support body 421 have bosses that restrict the fourth bearings 425 from moving to one end. A threaded hole of the fourth slider 427 mates with the thread of the fourth lead screw 426, allowing the slider 427 to be installed on the lead screw 426. The fourth lead screw 426 with the slider 427 is installed in the holes of the pair of fourth bearings 425. A pair of fourth spring retaining rings 424 are respectively fixed to both ends of the fourth lead screw 426 and closely fitted to the pair of fourth bearings 425, restricting the fourth bearings 425 from moving to one end. The other end moves, thus completely limiting the fourth bearing 425 of the guide rail; the fourth coupling 423 of the guide rail connects the fourth motor 422 of the guide rail and the fourth lead screw 426 of the guide rail, completely restricting the axial and radial movement of the fourth lead screw 426 of the guide rail, ensuring that when the fourth motor 422 of the guide rail moves, it can drive the fourth lead screw 426 of the guide rail to rotate, thereby driving the fourth slider 427 of the guide rail on the fourth lead screw 426 to move linearly. The fourth motor 422 can drive the fourth slider 427 of the guide rail to move linearly in the opposite direction when it rotates forward or backward; the connection points between the two ends of the fourth lead screw 426 and the fourth coupling 423 of the guide rail, the fourth spring retaining ring 424 of the guide rail, and the fourth bearing 425 of the guide rail are not threaded, while other positions are threaded. The threaded parts are the range of motion of the fourth slider 427 of the guide rail.

[0018] The installation principle of the loaded linear guide 42 is the same as that of the XYZ direction linear guides 31, 32, and 33; The loading device connecting plate 41 is connected to the fourth support body 421 of the loading linear guide rail 42 using bolts; the loading contact part 43 is divided into a loading connecting block 431, a pressure head connecting block 432, and a loading pressure head 433; the loading connecting block 431 is bolted to the pressure head connecting block 432; one end of the loading pressure head 433 is a spherical pressure head, and the other end is threaded, with the threaded part screwed into the threaded hole of the pressure head connecting block 432; the fourth slider 427 of the guide rail has another threaded hole, and the fourth slider 427 of the guide rail is connected to the other threaded hole on the loading connecting block 431 of the loading contact part 43 using bolts. The loading device connecting plate 41 is connected to the force sensor 51 of the detection device 5 by bolts; according to Figure 1 The coordinate axis shows that the fourth motor 422 of the loading linear guide 42 drives the fourth slider 427 of the guide rail to move linearly in the Z direction. When the fourth slider 427 of the guide rail moves linearly in the negative Z direction, the loading contact part 43 also moves in the same direction. Then, the loading head 433 in the loading contact part 43 will contact the force sensor 51. The speed of the fourth motor 422 on the loading linear guide 42 determines the magnitude of the load applied by the loading head 433 in the loading contact part 43. The faster the speed of the fourth motor 422, the faster the speed of the loading head 433, the greater the force of the contact force sensor 51, and thus the greater the load transmitted to the detected bearing 7. Otherwise, the load is smaller.

[0019] The detection device 5 consists of a force sensor 51 and a torque sensor 52. The force sensor 51 can accurately measure the load applied by the loading device 4; to study bearing lubrication behavior, it is necessary to detect the bearing's frictional torque, and the torque sensor 52 is used to detect this frictional torque. Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, after the force sensor 51 is connected to the loading device connecting plate 41 of the loading device 4, the torque sensor 52 is connected to the force sensor 51 with bolts; the oil supply contact head 61 of the oil supply device 6 is connected to the torque sensor 52 with bolts; the loading head 433, the force sensor 51, the torque sensor 52 and the oil supply contact head 61 need to be concentric to ensure that the load on the bearing 7 under test is uniformly transferred when it is concentric with the four components.

[0020] The bearing under test 7 consists of an inner ring 71, a cage 72, and an outer ring 73. The bearing under test 7 is a radial bearing, a common type of rolling bearing, as shown in the image. Figure 5 As shown, the inner ring 71, cage 72, and outer ring 73 of the bearing under test are concentrically nested, and the rolling elements of the bearing under test 7 are embedded in the cage 72. The bearing under test 7 is guided by the outer ring.

[0021] Fixture 8 is used to position the bearing, such as Figure 8The fixture is divided into a clamping body 81, a clamping rotating disk 82, a rotating rod 83, a double-sided connecting block 84, a clamping part 85, a threaded rod 86, a first connecting block 87, a nut 88, and a second connecting block 89. The upper part of the clamping rotating disk 82 has three evenly spaced grooves, and the lower part is in the form of a ring, as shown... Figure 5 As shown, the annular portion of the fixture rotary disk 82 is connected to the central hole of the fixture body 81.

[0022] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the clamp body 81 has three evenly distributed bosses, and the angle between the line connecting every two bosses and the center point of the clamp body 81 is 120°; the protruding ends of the three rotating rods 83 are respectively connected to the holes of the three bosses of the clamp body 81; the two protruding ends of the three double-sided connecting blocks 84 are respectively connected to the holes on the upper and lower sides of the three slots of the clamp rotating disk 82; the three rotating rods respectively pass through the middle slot of the double-sided connecting blocks 84; the two protruding ends of the three clamping parts 85 are respectively connected to the holes on the upper and lower sides of the slots of the three rotating rods.

[0023] like Figure 8 , Figure 10 As shown, the fixture body 81 has another boss, and the protruding end of the first connecting block 87 is connected to the hole of the other boss of the fixture body 81; the threaded rod 86 is screwed into the threaded hole of the first connecting block 87 and into the threaded hole of the nut 88, and the nut 88 is close to the first connecting block 87, which serves to limit the threaded rod 86; the threaded hole of the second connecting block 89 is connected to the threaded rod 86, and the protruding end of the second connecting block 89 is connected to the hole of the protruding part of the fixture rotating disk 82.

[0024] Tightening the end of the threaded rod 86 causes the second connecting block 89 to move linearly on the threaded rod 86, while simultaneously rotating and driving the fixture rotating disk 82 to rotate. The rotating disk 82 drives the connected double-sided connecting block 84 to rotate, and the double-sided connecting block 84 moves linearly on the rotating rod 83. Because the rotating rod 83 is restricted by the holes of the evenly distributed bosses on the fixture body 81, it cannot move linearly and can only rotate. Therefore, the rotating rod 83 will drive the clamping part 85 to rotate. The fixture 8 can clamp bearings of various sizes. According to the size of the bearing 7 to be tested, tightening the threaded rod 86 will adjust the restriction range of the three clamping parts 85. When the bearing 7 to be tested is placed in the middle of the three clamping parts, due to the 120° boss distribution design of the fixture body 81, after the bearing 7 to be tested is clamped by the three clamping parts, the bearing 7 to be tested will automatically remain concentric with the center hole of the fixture body 81. The threads of the threaded rod 86, the first connecting block 87, the nut 88, and the second connecting block 89 are all locking threads. This ensures that only the rotation of the threaded rod 86 can drive the rotation of the fixture rotary disk 82, thus preventing the rotation of the fixture rotary disk 82 from causing the threaded rod 86 to rotate.

[0025] The drive unit 9 consists of a drive motor 91, a drive coupling 92, a main shaft 93, a drive spring retaining ring 94, and a drive bearing 95. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the lower part of the support frame 2 is connected to the frame 1 by bolts, and the support frame 2 is fixed in place; the hole of the conductive slip ring 10 passes through the surface of the main shaft 93, and the conductive slip ring 10 has a threaded hole, which can be fixed to the main shaft 93 by bolts; the drive coupling 92 connects the main shaft 93 with the conductive slip ring 10 installed to the drive motor 91, completely restricting the axial and radial movement of the main shaft 93, ensuring that the drive motor 91 can drive the main shaft 93 to rotate when it moves; the drive bearing 95 is installed in the center hole of the rotating disk 11, and the main shaft 93 passes through the center hole of the drive bearing 95, with the end face of the main shaft 93 coinciding with the end face of the center hole of the rotating disk; two drive spring retaining rings 94 are fixed on the main shaft 93, completely restricting the axial movement of the drive bearing 95; the rotation of the main shaft 93 drives the rotating disk 11 to rotate; the main shaft 93 should be concentric with the center hole of the support frame 2, thereby making the rotating disk 11 concentric with the center hole of the support frame 2.

[0026] There is a boss at the center of the platform on the upper part of the support frame 2. The center hole of the insulating disk 12 passes through the main shaft 93 and is placed on the boss of the support frame 2. The insulating disk 12 is placed under the rotating disk 11 and the upper end face of the insulating disk 12 should be close to the lower end face of the rotating disk 11. The center hole of the insulating disk 12 should be concentric with the center hole of the support frame 2. The support frame 2 and the insulating disk 12 are connected by bolts passing through the lower end face of the upper platform of the support frame 2. After clamping the bearing 7 to be tested, the clamp 8 is placed on the platform on the upper part of the support frame 2. The center hole of the clamp 8 should be concentric with the center hole of the support frame 2. The support frame 2 and the clamp 8 are connected by bolts passing through the lower end face of the upper platform of the support frame 2.

[0027] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 The lower end of the conductive slip ring 10 is fixed and connected to the power supply. The upper conductive slip ring wire 101 passes through the hole in the platform of the rotating disk 11. Double-sided tape is used to attach the conductive slip ring wire 101 of the conductive slip ring 10 to the side of the outer ring 73 of the bearing being tested. When the spindle 93 rotates, the conductive slip ring wire 101 of the conductive slip ring 10 will spiral around the surface of the spindle 93. The conductive slip ring wire 101 rotates together with the outer ring 73 of the bearing being tested. Adjusting the power supply will apply different voltages to the rotating disk 11. There is a boss at the center of the upper end face of the rotating disk 11 platform. The inner ring 71 of the bearing being tested, clamped by the fixture 8, needs to be covered with double-sided tape and placed on this boss. The inner ring 71 of the bearing being tested is then attached to the end face of the boss using double-sided tape. The surfaces of the rotating disk 11, fixture 8, spindle 93, and support frame 2 should be insulated to prevent current from flowing everywhere and affecting the power supply to the bearing being tested 7.

[0028] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 The position of the oil supply contact head 61 of the oil supply device 6 is adjusted by the guide device 3, so that the lower end face of the oil supply contact head 61 presses tightly against the upper end face of the outer ring 73 of the bearing under test. The threaded rod 86 of the clamp 8 is turned, and the clamping part 85 releases the bearing under test 7. Then the rotating disk 11 rotates, and the inner ring 71 of the bearing under test rotates with the rotating disk 11. The speed of the spindle 93 is adjusted to simulate different working speeds of the bearing. At this time, the outer ring 73 of the bearing under test does not move. Since the bearing under test 7 is guided by the outer ring, the inner ring 71 of the bearing under test actively drives the cage 72 of the bearing under test to rotate. Although the outer ring 73 of the bearing under test is fixed, it has a tendency to move. The torque sensor 52 can measure the friction torque by contacting the outer ring 73 of the bearing under test through the oil supply contact head 61. If the guide device 3 adjusts the position of the oil supply contact head 61 so that the oil supply contact head 61 is concentric with the bearing under test 7, the measured friction torque is the friction torque of the bearing under test 7 when it is uniformly stressed. Because the guide device 3 has three degrees of freedom (XYZ), its motion trajectory can be flexibly designed. The guide device 3 is not only suitable for bearing experiments, but also for friction experiments on disc-shaped samples.

[0029] The oil supply device 6 consists of an oil supply contact head 61, an oil inlet pipe 62, an oil outlet pipe 63, and an oil tank 64. For example... Figure 5 As shown, when the lower end face of the oil supply contact head 61 is pressed tightly against the upper end face of the outer ring 73 of the bearing under test, the oil hole in the oil supply contact head 61 is above the gap between the inner ring 71 of the bearing under test and the cage 72 of the bearing under test; the oil inlet pipe 62 is connected to an external oil pump, and lubricating oil can be directionally input from the oil pump into the oil hole of the oil supply contact head 61, and then into the bearing under test 7, simulating different oil supply conditions when the bearing under test 7 is working; the oil tank 64 is placed in the gap between the rotating disk 11 and the rotating disk 82 of the fixture to collect the lubricating oil flowing out when the bearing under test 7 is working, and the surface of the oil tank 64 should be insulated; the oil outlet pipe 63 is installed in the oil tank 64, and the oil outlet pipe 64 is connected to an external oil pump to transport the lubricating oil stored in the oil tank 64 back to the oil pump.

[0030] like Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, when adjusting the temperature, the first transparent cover 131 and the second transparent cover 132 of the transparent cover 13 need to be connected to the two protrusions away from the center of the platform on the upper part of the support frame 2, respectively. The inner surfaces of the first transparent cover 131 and the second transparent cover 132 are semi-cylindrical. The first connection 1311 of the first transparent cover 131 and the second connection 1321 of the second transparent cover 132 are connected together by bolts to form the entire cylindrical surface. The first transparent cover 131 has two holes, one above the other. The oil outlet pipe 63 extends from the upper hole to connect to the external oil pump. The external heating or cooling plate can enter the transparent cover 13 from the lower hole and needs to be fixed to the inner surface of the transparent cover 13 to adjust the temperature of the bearing working environment. Installing the transparent cover when adjusting the temperature can reduce the air circulation inside and outside the working space and increase the speed and accuracy of temperature adjustment. The upper and lower holes are staggered to make better use of space. The transparent design of the cover is for observing the bearing's operation. The cover should be made of a material with good thermal conductivity and should be insulated to prevent the current in the heating and cooling wires from affecting the bearing's operation.

[0031] The upright plate of frame 1 is supported by ribs to enhance its support performance; the base of frame 1 is tapped with threaded holes so that the test bench can be connected to other components.

[0032] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-working-condition friction torque measurement test bench for adaptive rolling bearings, characterized in that: The measurement test bench comprises a rack, a support frame, a guide device, a loading device, a detection device, an oil supply device, a detected bearing, a clamp, a driving device and a conductive slip ring. 2.The multi-working-condition friction torque measurement test bench for adaptive rolling bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide device comprises an X-direction linear guide rail, a Y-direction linear guide rail and a Z-direction linear guide rail; The guide device can guide the loading device and the detection device to move in the X, Y and Z directions. 3.The multi-working-condition friction torque measurement test bench for adaptive rolling bearings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Z-direction linear guide rail comprises a guide rail first support body, a guide rail first motor, a guide rail first coupling, a guide rail first spring retainer, a guide rail first bearing, a guide rail first lead screw and a guide rail first sliding block; The guide rail first motor is bolted to the guide rail first support body; A pair of guide rail first bearings are respectively installed in two corresponding holes of the guide rail first support body, and a boss is arranged in the corresponding hole of the guide rail first support body to limit the movement of the guide rail first bearings to one end; A threaded hole of the guide rail first sliding block is matched with the threads of the guide rail first lead screw, and the guide rail first sliding block is installed on the guide rail first lead screw; the guide rail first lead screw with the guide rail first sliding block is installed in the holes of the pair of guide rail first bearings; a pair of guide rail first spring retainers are fixed to the two ends of the guide rail first lead screw and tightly contact the pair of guide rail first bearings, which limits the movement of the guide rail first bearings to the other end and completely limits the guide rail first bearings; The guide rail first coupling connects the guide rail first motor and the guide rail first lead screw, completely limiting the axial and radial movement of the guide rail first lead screw, ensuring that the guide rail first motor can drive the guide rail first lead screw to rotate when the guide rail first motor moves, and further driving the guide rail first sliding block on the guide rail first lead screw to move linearly; the forward or reverse rotation of the guide rail first motor can drive the guide rail first sliding block to move linearly in the opposite direction; The connections between the two ends of the guide rail first lead screw, the guide rail first coupling, the guide rail first spring retainers and the guide rail first bearings are not threaded, and the other positions are threaded, and the threaded positions are the range in which the guide rail first sliding block can move. 4.The multi-working-condition friction torque measurement test bench for adaptive rolling bearings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The X-direction linear guide rail comprises a guide rail second support body, a guide rail second motor, a guide rail second coupling, a guide rail second spring retainer, a guide rail second bearing, a guide rail second lead screw and a guide rail second sliding block; The guide rail second motor is bolted to the guide rail second support body; A pair of guide rail second bearings are respectively installed in two corresponding holes of the guide rail second support body, and a boss is arranged in the corresponding hole of the guide rail second support body to limit the movement of the guide rail second bearings to one end; One threaded hole of the guide rail second sliding block is matched with the threaded part of the guide rail second screw rod, so as to install the guide rail second sliding block on the guide rail second screw rod; the guide rail second screw rod with the guide rail second sliding block is installed in the holes of the pair of guide rail second bearings; the pair of guide rail second spring retainer rings are respectively fixed at the two ends of the guide rail second screw rod and tightly contact the pair of guide rail second bearings, which limits the guide rail second bearings from moving to the other end, thereby completely limiting the guide rail second bearings; the guide rail second coupling connects the guide rail second motor and the guide rail second screw rod, completely limiting the axial and radial movement of the guide rail second screw rod, so as to ensure that the guide rail second motor can drive the guide rail second screw rod to rotate when the guide rail second motor moves, thereby driving the guide rail second sliding block on the guide rail second screw rod to move linearly; the forward rotation or reverse rotation of the guide rail second motor can drive the guide rail second sliding block to move linearly in the opposite direction; the connection parts of the two ends of the guide rail second screw rod with the guide rail second coupling, the guide rail second spring retainer ring and the guide rail second bearing are not threaded, and the other positions are threaded, and the threaded positions are the range in which the guide rail second sliding block can move.

5. The multi-working-condition friction torque measuring test bed for adaptive rolling bearings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The Y-direction linear guide rail comprises a guide rail third support body, a guide rail third motor, a guide rail third coupling, a guide rail third spring retainer ring, a guide rail third bearing, a guide rail third screw rod and a guide rail third sliding block; The guide rail third motor is connected to the guide rail third support body by means of bolts; The pair of guide rail third bearings are respectively installed in the two corresponding holes of the guide rail third support body, and the corresponding holes of the guide rail third support body are provided with bosses, which limit the guide rail third bearings from moving to one end; one threaded hole of the guide rail third sliding block is matched with the threaded part of the guide rail third screw rod, so as to install the guide rail third sliding block on the guide rail second screw rod; the guide rail third screw rod with the guide rail third sliding block is installed in the holes of the pair of guide rail third bearings; the pair of guide rail third spring retainer rings are respectively fixed at the two ends of the guide rail third screw rod and tightly contact the pair of guide rail third bearings, which limits the guide rail third bearings from moving to the other end, thereby completely limiting the guide rail third bearings; the guide rail third coupling connects the guide rail third motor and the guide rail third screw rod, completely limiting the axial and radial movement of the guide rail third screw rod, so as to ensure that the guide rail third motor can drive the guide rail third screw rod to rotate when the guide rail third motor moves, thereby driving the guide rail third sliding block on the guide rail third screw rod to move linearly, and the forward rotation or reverse rotation of the guide rail third motor can drive the guide rail third sliding block to move linearly in the opposite direction; the connection parts of the two ends of the guide rail third screw rod with the guide rail third coupling, the guide rail third spring retainer ring and the guide rail third bearing are not threaded, and the other positions are threaded, and the threaded positions are the range in which the guide rail third sliding block can move.

6. The multi-working-condition friction torque measuring test bed for adaptive rolling bearings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide rail first support body of the Z-direction linear guide rail is connected to the vertical plate of the rack by means of bolts; The guide rail first slider, the guide rail second slider and the guide rail third slider are respectively threaded with another threaded hole, and the guide rail connecting plate is connected to the guide rail first slider and the guide rail second support body by bolts, which makes the guide rail first slider drive the X-direction linear guide rail to move in the Z-direction when the guide rail first slider moves in the Z-direction; the guide rail second slider of the X-direction linear guide rail is connected to the guide rail third support body of the Y-direction linear guide rail by bolts, which makes the guide rail second slider drive the Y-direction linear guide rail to move in the X-direction when the guide rail second slider moves in the X-direction, and the guide rail first slider of the Z-direction linear guide rail moves in the Z-direction, and the Y-direction linear guide rail also moves in the Z-direction; The loading device is used for applying different sizes of axial loads to the bearing to be detected; The loading device comprises a loading device connecting plate, a loading linear guide rail and a loading contact part; The guide rail third slider of the Y-direction linear guide rail is connected to the loading device connecting plate of the loading device by bolts, which makes the guide rail third slider drive the loading device connecting plate of the loading device to move in the Y-direction when the guide rail third slider moves in the Y-direction, and the loading device connecting plate also moves in the X and Z directions when the guide rail first slider of the Z-direction linear guide rail moves in the Z-direction and the guide rail second slider of the X-direction linear guide rail moves in the X-direction, so that the loading device and the detection device connected thereto can move in the X, Y and Z directions to adjust the position.

7. The self-adaptive multi-working-condition friction torque measuring test bench for rolling bearings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The loading linear guide rail comprises a guide rail fourth support body, a guide rail fourth motor, a guide rail fourth coupling, a guide rail fourth spring retainer, a guide rail fourth bearing, a guide rail fourth screw rod and a guide rail fourth slider; The guide rail fourth motor is connected to the guide rail fourth support body by bolts; a pair of guide rail fourth bearings are respectively installed in the corresponding holes of the guide rail fourth support body, and the corresponding holes of the guide rail fourth support body are provided with bosses to limit the movement of the guide rail fourth bearings to one end; one threaded hole of the guide rail fourth slider is matched with the threads of the guide rail fourth screw rod to install the guide rail fourth slider on the guide rail fourth screw rod; the guide rail fourth screw rod with the guide rail fourth slider is installed in the holes of the pair of guide rail fourth bearings; a pair of guide rail fourth spring retainers are fixed to the two ends of the guide rail fourth screw rod and tightly contact the pair of guide rail fourth bearings, which limits the movement of the guide rail fourth bearings to the other end and completely limits the guide rail fourth bearings; the guide rail fourth coupling connects the guide rail fourth motor and the guide rail fourth screw rod, completely limiting the axial and radial movement of the guide rail fourth screw rod, ensuring that the guide rail fourth motor can drive the guide rail fourth screw rod to rotate, and further drive the guide rail fourth slider on the guide rail fourth screw rod to move linearly, and the forward or reverse rotation of the guide rail fourth motor can drive the guide rail fourth slider to move linearly in the opposite direction; the connection parts of the guide rail fourth screw rod, the guide rail fourth coupling, the guide rail fourth spring retainer and the guide rail fourth bearing at the two ends of the guide rail fourth screw rod are not threaded, and the other positions are threaded, and the threaded positions are the movement range of the guide rail fourth slider.

8. The self-adaptive multi-working-condition friction torque measuring test bench for rolling bearings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The loading device connecting plate is connected to the fourth guide rail support of the loading linear guide rail by bolts; The loading contact part comprises a loading connecting block, a pressure head connecting block and a loading pressure head; The loading connecting block is connected to the pressure head connecting block by bolts; One end of the loading pressure head is a spherical pressure head, and the other end is partially threaded, and the threaded part is screwed into the threaded hole of the pressure head connecting block; The fourth guide rail slider has another threaded hole, and the fourth guide rail slider is connected to the loading connecting block of the loading contact part through the other threaded hole by bolts; The loading device connecting plate is connected to the force sensor of the detection device by bolts; The fourth guide rail motor of the loading linear guide rail drives the fourth guide rail slider to move linearly in the Z direction, and when the fourth guide rail slider moves linearly in the negative direction of the Z axis, the loading contact part also moves in the same direction, so that the loading pressure head in the loading contact part contacts the force sensor; the rotation speed of the fourth guide rail motor of the loading linear guide rail determines the size of the load applied by the loading pressure head in the loading contact part, the faster the rotation speed of the fourth guide rail motor, the faster the movement speed of the loading pressure head, the greater the force of the force sensor, and the greater the load transmitted to the bearing being detected, otherwise the load is smaller; The detection device comprises a force sensor and a torque sensor; The force sensor is used to measure the size of the load applied by the loading device; The torque sensor is used to detect the friction torque of the bearing; After the force sensor is connected to the loading device connecting plate of the loading device, the torque sensor and the force sensor are connected together by bolts; The oil supply device comprises an oil supply contact head, an oil inlet pipeline, an oil outlet pipeline and an oil tank; The oil supply contact head of the oil supply device is connected to the torque sensor by bolts; The loading pressure head, the force sensor, the torque sensor and the oil supply contact head are concentric; The bearing being detected comprises a bearing inner ring, a bearing retainer and a bearing outer ring; The bearing inner ring, the bearing retainer and the bearing outer ring are concentrically nested, and the rolling elements of the bearing being detected are embedded in the bearing retainer; The bearing being detected adopts an outer ring guiding mode.

9. The multi-working-condition friction torque measuring test bed for adaptive rolling bearings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The clamp is used for positioning the bearing, and the clamp comprises a clamp body, a clamp rotating disc, a rotating rod, a double-sided connecting block, a clamping part, a threaded rod, a first connecting block, a nut and a second connecting block; The upper part of the clamp rotating disc is uniformly provided with a groove, and the lower part is in the form of a circular ring, and the circular ring part of the clamp rotating disc is connected to the center hole of the clamp body; The clamp body has a uniformly distributed boss, and the angle between each boss and the connecting line of the center point of the clamp body is °; the protruding ends of the rotating rods are respectively connected to the holes of the bosses of the clamp body, the two ends of the double-sided connecting block are respectively connected to the holes on the upper and lower sides of the groove of the clamp rotating disc, and the rotating rods pass through the slots in the middle of the double-sided connecting block; the two ends of the clamping part are respectively connected to the holes on the upper and lower sides of the slots of the rotating rods. The first connecting block is connected to the other boss of the clamp body, the threaded rod is screwed into the threaded hole of the first connecting block, and the nut is tightly attached to the first connecting block to limit the threaded rod. The end of the threaded rod is twisted, the second connecting block is sleeved on the threaded rod to move linearly, and the second connecting block rotates to drive the clamp rotary disc to rotate; the clamp rotary disc rotates to drive the connected double-side connecting block to rotate, and the double-side connecting block is sleeved on the rotary rod to move linearly; the rotary rod is limited by the holes of the bosses uniformly distributed on the clamp body and can only rotate, so the rotary rod drives the clamping part to rotate; The clamp can clamp bearings of various sizes, the threaded rod is twisted to adjust the clamping range of the clamping part according to the size of the bearing to be detected; the bearing to be detected is placed in the clamping part, and the bearing to be detected is automatically kept concentric with the center hole of the clamp body due to the design of the bosses distributed on the clamp body. The threads of the threaded rod, the first connecting block, the nut and the second connecting block are all locking threads, which ensure that only the threaded rod can drive the clamp rotary disc to rotate, and prevent the clamp rotary disc from rotating to drive the threaded rod to rotate. The driving device comprises a driving motor, a driving coupling, a main shaft, a driving spring retainer and a driving bearing. The rod part of the lower part of the support frame is connected to the rack through bolts, and the support frame is fixed; the hole of the conductive slip ring passes through the surface of the main shaft, the conductive slip ring has a threaded hole, and the conductive slip ring is fixed on the main shaft through bolts; the driving coupling connects the main shaft provided with the conductive slip ring and the driving motor, completely limiting the axial and radial movement of the main shaft, ensuring that the driving motor can drive the main shaft to rotate when moving; the driving bearing is installed in the center hole of the load rotary disc, the main shaft passes through the center hole of the driving bearing, and the end surface of the main shaft coincides with the end surface of the center hole of the load rotary disc; the driving spring retainer is fixed on the main shaft and completely limits the axial movement of the driving bearing; the main shaft rotates to drive the load rotary disc to rotate; the main shaft should be concentric with the center hole of the support frame, so that the load rotary disc is concentric with the center hole of the support frame; The center of the platform of the upper part of the support frame has a boss, the center hole of the insulating disc passes through the main shaft and is placed on the boss of the support frame, the insulating disc is placed below the load rotary disc, and the upper end surface of the insulating disc should be tightly attached to the lower end surface of the load rotary disc; the center hole of the insulating disc should be concentric with the center hole of the support frame; the bolts pass through the connection between the support frame and the insulating disc from the lower end surface of the platform of the upper part of the support frame; the clamp clamps the bearing to be detected and is placed on the platform of the upper part of the support frame, the center hole of the clamp should be concentric with the center hole of the support frame, and the bolts pass through the connection between the support frame and the clamp from the lower end surface of the platform of the upper part of the support frame.

10. The multi-working-condition friction torque measuring test bed for self-adaptive rolling bearings according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lower end of the conductive slip ring is fixed and connected with the power supply, and the conductive slip ring wire at the upper end passes through the hole of the load rotating disc platform, and the conductive slip ring wire of the conductive slip ring is adhered to the side of the detected bearing outer ring by double-sided adhesive tape; when the main shaft rotates, the conductive slip ring wire of the conductive slip ring will spiral around the surface of the main shaft, and the conductive slip ring wire rotates with the detected bearing outer ring, and the power supply is adjusted to apply different voltages to the load rotating disc; The upper end surface of the load rotating disc platform has a boss at the center position, and the detected bearing inner ring of the detected bearing clamped by the clamp needs to be placed on the boss with double-sided adhesive tape, and the detected bearing inner ring is adhered to the end surface of the boss through the double-sided adhesive tape; The load rotating disc, the clamp, the main shaft and the support frame surface should be insulated to prevent current from flowing everywhere and affecting the power supply to the detected bearing; The position of the oil supply contact head of the oil supply device is adjusted by the guide device, so that the lower end surface of the oil supply contact head tightly presses the upper end surface of the detected bearing outer ring, the threaded rod of the clamp is twisted, and the detected bearing is released at the clamping position; then the load rotating disc rotates, the detected bearing inner ring rotates with the load rotating disc, the speed of the main shaft is adjusted, the simulation of different working speeds of the bearing is realized, and the detected bearing outer ring is not moving at this time; since the detected bearing adopts the outer ring guiding mode, the detected bearing inner ring actively drives the detected bearing retainer to rotate, the detected bearing outer ring is fixed but has a movement trend, and the torque sensor can measure the friction torque by contacting the detected bearing outer ring through the oil supply contact head; If the guide device adjusts the position of the oil supply contact head, the oil supply contact head is concentric with the detected bearing, and the measured friction torque is the friction torque when the detected bearing is uniformly stressed; When the lower end surface of the oil supply contact head tightly presses the upper end surface of the detected bearing outer ring, the oil hole in the oil supply contact head is above the gap between the detected bearing inner ring and the detected bearing retainer; the oil inlet pipeline is connected with the oil pump, lubricating oil can be input from the oil pump to the oil hole of the oil supply contact head, and then to the detected bearing, so as to simulate different oil supply conditions of the detected bearing during work; the oil tank is placed in the gap between the load rotating disc and the clamp rotating disc, and collects the lubricating oil flowing out of the detected bearing during work; the surface of the oil tank should be insulated; the oil outlet pipeline is installed in the oil tank, and the oil outlet pipeline is connected with the oil pump to transport the lubricating oil stored in the oil tank back to the oil pump; When adjusting the temperature, the first transparent cover and the second transparent cover of the transparent cover are respectively connected to the platforms away from the center of the upper part of the support frame; the inner surfaces of the first transparent cover and the second transparent cover are semicylindrical surfaces, the first connecting part of the first transparent cover and the second connecting part of the second transparent cover are connected by bolts to form a whole cylindrical surface; two holes are punched on the first transparent cover, the oil outlet pipeline extends out of the upper hole and is connected with the oil pump, and the external heating sheet or refrigeration sheet can enter the transparent cover from the lower hole and needs to be fixed on the inner surface of the transparent cover to adjust the temperature of the bearing working environment; the vertical plate of the rack is provided with a rib plate support to enhance the support performance of the vertical plate.

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