Display device

Abstract

This application relates to a display device comprising: a substrate, a pixel definition layer, and multiple light-emitting units; the pixel definition layer is disposed on the substrate and has multiple opening regions; the multiple light-emitting units are disposed within the multiple opening regions; each light-emitting unit includes a cathode, a light-emitting functional layer, and an anode unit; the display device further comprises: multiple microcups disposed in the pixel definition layer, each microcup containing a photothermal conversion particle assembly, the photothermal conversion particle assembly in the microcup being used to perform photothermal conversion to achieve self-heating of the display device. This display device solves the problem of high power consumption in existing OLED display devices based on electrothermal conversion principles for heating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of OLED display technology, and more particularly to a display device. Background Technology

[0002] The light-emitting principle of OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display devices is as follows: the cathode migrates electrons to the light-emitting functional layer, and the anode unit migrates holes to the light-emitting functional layer. Electrons and holes recombine in the light-emitting functional layer to form excitons, which excite the light-emitting functional layer to emit light. If the ambient temperature is too low, the mobility of electrons and holes will decrease, and the recombination rate of excitons will also decrease, thus affecting the luminous efficiency of the light-emitting functional layer in the OLED display device. This will lead to a deterioration in the display effect of the OLED display device or even failure to work. Therefore, when the ambient temperature is too low, the OLED display device needs to be heated to ensure the luminous efficiency of the light-emitting functional layer of the OLED display device in low-temperature environments, thereby ensuring that the OLED display device can display normally.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used self-heating method for OLED display devices generally involves creating a conductive circuit inside or on a specific area of ​​the OLED display device, passing current through the conductive circuit, and causing the conductive circuit to perform electrothermal conversion to generate heat, thereby heating the OLED display device. Heating the OLED display device based on the electrothermal conversion principle requires a large current and consumes a large amount of power. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a display device to solve the problem of high power consumption in the heating of OLED display devices based on the principle of electrothermal conversion in the prior art.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a display device, the display device comprising: a substrate, a pixel definition layer, and a plurality of light-emitting units; the pixel definition layer is disposed on the substrate and has a plurality of opening regions; the plurality of light-emitting units are disposed within the plurality of opening regions; the light-emitting unit includes a cathode, a light-emitting functional layer, and an anode unit; the display device further comprises: a plurality of microcups disposed in the pixel definition layer, the microcups containing a positively charged photothermal conversion particle assembly, the photothermal conversion particle assembly in the microcups being used to perform photothermal conversion to achieve self-heating of the display device.

[0006] Optionally, the display device further includes: a color filter containing black matrix units, each anode unit in the pixel definition layer being transparent, a microcup corresponding to each anode unit, the microcup being disposed directly below the corresponding anode unit, and the photothermal conversion particles in the microcup being used to perform photothermal conversion on the light emitted by the light-emitting functional layer directly above.

[0007] Optionally, the display device further includes: a color filter, the color filter not containing black matrix units, each anode unit in the pixel definition layer being opaque, the microcup being disposed directly below the spacer region of two adjacent light-emitting functional layers and located between two adjacent anode units, and the photothermal conversion particle combination in the microcup being used to perform photothermal conversion on ambient light from the color filter.

[0008] Optionally, the microcup further comprises a negatively charged total internal reflection particle assembly, the total internal reflection particle assembly including: a first total internal reflection particle and a second total internal reflection particle, wherein the number of the first total internal reflection particles is greater than the number of the second total internal reflection particles, the weight of the first total internal reflection particles is less than the weight of the second total internal reflection particles, and the charge of the first total internal reflection particles is greater than the charge of the second total internal reflection particles. The display device further includes: a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes, wherein the first electrodes correspond one-to-one with the microcup and are disposed directly above the top of the microcup, and the second electrodes correspond one-to-one with the microcup. An electrode is positioned directly below the bottom of the microcup. When the microcup is in a first non-heating mode, the first electrode directly above the microcup receives a first positive current signal, and the second electrode directly below the microcup receives a first negative current signal. This drives the first and second totally internally reflected particles in the microcup to move to the top of the microcup, causing them to reflect all the first incident light rays to the light-emitting functional layer directly above. The first incident light rays are the portion of the light emitted from the light-emitting functional layer directly above the microcup that is incident on the microcup.

[0009] Optionally, the photothermal conversion particle combination includes: a first photothermal conversion particle, a second photothermal conversion particle, and a third photothermal conversion particle. The number of the first photothermal conversion particles is less than the number of the second photothermal conversion particles, the number of the second photothermal conversion particles is less than the number of the third photothermal conversion particles, the weight of the first photothermal conversion particles is less than the weight of the second photothermal conversion particles, the weight of the second photothermal conversion particles is less than the weight of the third photothermal conversion particles, the charge of the first photothermal conversion particles is greater than the charge of the second photothermal conversion particles, and the charge of the second photothermal conversion particles is greater than the charge of the third photothermal conversion particles. When the microcup is in a first heating mode, the first electrode directly above the microcup is used to receive a second negative current signal, and the second electrode directly below the microcup is used to receive a second positive current signal. The absolute value of the second negative current signal is less than the absolute value of the first negative current signal, and the second positive current signal is less than the first positive current signal, thereby driving the first photothermal conversion particles in the microcup to move to the top of the microcup, so that the first photothermal conversion particles in the microcup interact with the first photothermal conversion particles. A1% of the incident light ray undergoes photothermal conversion. In the second heating mode, the first electrode corresponding to the microcup receives a third negative current signal, and the second electrode corresponding to the microcup receives a second positive current signal. The absolute value of the third negative current signal is less than the absolute value of the first negative current signal and greater than the absolute value of the second negative current signal, driving the first and second photothermal conversion particles in the microcup to move to the top of the microcup, causing them to perform photothermal conversion on B1% of the first incident light ray, where B1 is greater than A1. In the third heating mode, the first electrode corresponding to the microcup receives the first negative current signal, and the second electrode corresponding to the microcup receives the first positive current signal, driving the first, second, and third photothermal conversion particles in the microcup to move to the top of the microcup, causing them to perform photothermal conversion on C1% of the first incident light ray, where C1 is greater than B1.

[0010] Optionally, the display device further includes: a plurality of first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors, the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors being disposed on the surface of the display device, each of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors corresponding to a first electrode, and the output terminal of each first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor being connected to the corresponding first electrode; wherein, when the microcup is in the first non-heating mode, the input terminal of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive a third positive current signal, and the movable friction part of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup does not move, so that the output terminal of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor outputs the first positive current signal; when the microcup is in the first heating mode, the input terminal of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive a fourth negative current signal, and the movable friction part of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to move... The first displacement value is moved so that the output terminal of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor outputs the second negative current signal; when the microcup is in the second heating mode, the input terminal of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive the fourth negative current signal, and the movable friction part of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to move the second displacement value so that the output terminal of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor outputs the third negative current signal, the second displacement value being greater than the first displacement value; when the microcup is in the third heating mode, the input terminal of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive the fourth negative current signal, and the movable friction part of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to move the third displacement value so that the output terminal of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor outputs the first negative current signal, the third displacement value being greater than the second displacement value.

[0011] Optionally, the microcup further includes negatively charged light-absorbing particles. The display device further includes: a plurality of third electrodes, a plurality of fourth electrodes, a plurality of fifth electrodes, and a plurality of sixth electrodes. Each third electrode corresponds to one of the microcups and is positioned directly above the top of the corresponding microcup. Each fourth electrode corresponds to one of the microcups and is positioned directly below the bottom of the corresponding microcup. Each fifth electrode corresponds to one of the microcups and is positioned on the outer side of the first sidewall of the corresponding microcup. Each sixth electrode corresponds to one of the microcups and is positioned on the outer side of the second sidewall of the corresponding microcup. The microcup is in a second non-heated state. In this formula, the third electrode, the fourth electrode, the fifth electrode, and the sixth electrode corresponding to the microcup are all used to receive a fourth positive current signal to drive the light-absorbing particles in the microcup to move to the top, bottom, first sidewall, and second sidewall of the microcup, so that the light-absorbing particles in the microcup absorb all of the second incident light and all of the third incident light. The second incident light is the light incident on the microcup from the ambient light of the color filter, and the third incident light is the light emitted from the light-emitting functional layer adjacent to the microcup.

[0012] Optionally, the photothermal conversion particle assembly includes: a fourth photothermal conversion particle, a fifth photothermal conversion particle, and a sixth photothermal conversion particle. The number of fourth photothermal conversion particles is less than the number of fifth photothermal conversion particles, the number of fifth photothermal conversion particles is less than the number of sixth photothermal conversion particles, the weight of the fourth photothermal conversion particle is less than the weight of the fifth photothermal conversion particle, the weight of the fifth photothermal conversion particle is less than the weight of the sixth photothermal conversion particle, and the electric charge of the fourth photothermal conversion particle is greater than the electric charge of the fifth photothermal conversion particle. The charge of the fourth photothermal conversion particle is greater than that of the sixth photothermal conversion particle, and the photothermal conversion efficiency of the fourth photothermal conversion particle is less than that of the fifth photothermal conversion particle, which in turn is less than that of the sixth photothermal conversion particle. In the fourth heating mode, the third electrode corresponding to the microcup receives a fifth negative current signal to drive the fourth photothermal conversion particle in the microcup to move to the top of the microcup, causing the fourth photothermal conversion particle in the microcup to perform photothermal conversion on A2% of the second incident light. The fourth electrode, the fifth electrode corresponding to the microcup, and the sixth electrode corresponding to the microcup are all used to receive the fourth positive current signal to drive the light-absorbing particles in the microcup to move to the bottom, the first sidewall, and the second sidewall of the microcup, so that the light-absorbing particles in the microcup absorb all of the third incident light. When the microcup is in the fifth heating mode, the third electrode corresponding to the microcup is used to receive the sixth negative current signal, the absolute value of which is greater than the absolute value of the fifth negative current signal, to drive the fourth positive current signal in the microcup. The photothermal conversion particles and the fifth photothermal conversion particle move to the top of the microcup, so that the fourth photothermal conversion particles and the fifth photothermal conversion particles in the microcup perform photothermal conversion on B2% of the second incident light. The fourth electrode, the fifth electrode, and the sixth electrode corresponding to the microcup are all used to receive the fourth positive current signal to drive the light-absorbing particles in the microcup to move to the bottom of the microcup, the first sidewall of the microcup, and the second sidewall of the microcup, so that the light-absorbing particles in the microcup absorb all of the third incident light, and B2 is greater than A2.When the microcup is in the sixth heating mode, the third electrode corresponding to the microcup receives a seventh negative current signal. The absolute value of the seventh negative current signal is greater than the absolute value of the sixth negative current signal. This drives the fourth, fifth, and sixth photothermal conversion particles in the microcup to move to the top of the microcup, causing them to perform photothermal conversion on the C2% of the second incident light. The fourth, fifth, and sixth electrodes corresponding to the microcup also receive the fourth positive current signal, driving the light-absorbing particles in the microcup to move to the bottom, first sidewall, and second sidewall of the microcup. This causes the light-absorbing particles to absorb all of the third incident light, where C2 is greater than B2.

[0013] Optionally, the plurality of third electrodes are divided into multiple groups of third electrodes, and the display device further includes: a plurality of heat-conducting plates, one heat-conducting plate corresponding to a group of third electrodes, and the heat-conducting plate covering the top of all the third electrodes in the corresponding group of third electrodes.

[0014] Optionally, the display device further includes: a plurality of second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors, the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors being disposed on the surface of the display device, each of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors corresponding to a third electrode, and the output terminal of each second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor being connected to the corresponding third electrode; wherein, when the microcup is in the second non-heating mode, the input terminal of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive a fifth positive current signal, and the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is not moved, so that the output terminal of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor outputs the fourth positive current signal; when the microcup is in the fourth heating mode, the input terminal of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive an eighth negative current signal, and the movable friction part of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to move the... The fourth displacement value causes the output terminal of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor to output the fifth negative current signal. When the microcup is in the fifth heating mode, the input terminal of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive the eighth negative current signal, and the movable friction part of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to move the fifth displacement value, so that the output terminal of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor outputs the sixth negative current signal, and the fifth displacement value is greater than the fourth displacement value. When the microcup is in the sixth heating mode, the input terminal of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive the eighth negative current signal, and the movable friction part of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to move the sixth displacement value, so that the output terminal of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor outputs the seventh negative current signal, and the sixth displacement value is greater than the fifth displacement value.

[0015] In this embodiment, compared to the prior art of heating OLED display devices based on the principle of electrothermal conversion, this application sets microcuplets in the pixel definition layer of the display device. The photothermal conversion particles in the microcuplets combine to perform photothermal conversion to self-heat the display device. This method does not require a large current and has low power consumption, thereby solving the problem of high power consumption in the prior art of heating OLED display devices based on the principle of electrothermal conversion. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an OLED display device in the prior art;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flexible, light-transmitting triboelectric transistor in the prior art.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the display device when the microcup provided in the embodiment of this application is configured according to the first setting method;

[0023] Figure 5(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device provided in the embodiment of this application when the microcup is set in the first setting method and the microcup is in the first non-heating mode;

[0024] Figure 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device provided in the embodiment of this application when the microcup is set in the first setting method and the microcup is in the first heating mode;

[0025] Figure 5(c) is a schematic diagram of the display device provided in the embodiment of this application when the microcup is set in the first setting method and the microcup is in the second heating mode;

[0026] Figure 5(d) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device provided in the embodiment of this application when the microcup is set in the first setting method and the microcup is in the third heating mode;

[0027] Figure 6(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor provided in the embodiment of this application when the movable friction part is not moved.

[0028] Figure 6(b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor provided in the embodiment of this application when the movable friction part moves by a first displacement value.

[0029] Figure 6(c) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor provided in the embodiment of this application when the movable friction part moves by a second displacement value.

[0030] Figure 6(d) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor provided in the embodiment of this application when the movable friction part moves by a third displacement value.

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the display device when the microcup provided in the embodiment of this application is configured according to the second setting method;

[0032] Figure 8(a) is a schematic diagram of the display device provided in the embodiment of this application when the microcup is set in the second setting method and the microcup is in the second non-heating mode;

[0033] Figure 8(b) is a schematic diagram of the display device provided in the embodiment of this application when the microcup is set in the second setting method and the microcup is in the fourth heating mode;

[0034] Figure 8(c) is a schematic diagram of the display device provided in the embodiment of this application when the microcup is set in the second setting method and the microcup is in the fifth heating mode;

[0035] Figure 8(d) is a schematic diagram of the display device provided in the embodiment of this application when the microcup is set in the second setting method and the microcup is in the sixth heating mode;

[0036] Figure 9(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor provided in the embodiment of this application when the movable friction part is not moved.

[0037] Figure 9(b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor provided in the embodiment of this application when the movable friction part moves by a fourth displacement value.

[0038] Figure 9(c) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor provided in the embodiment of this application when the movable friction part moves by a fifth displacement value.

[0039] Figure 9(d) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor provided in the embodiment of this application when the movable friction part moves by a sixth displacement value.

[0040] The symbols in the attached image are explained as follows:

[0041] 10. Microcup; 11. First electrode; 12. Second electrode; 13. Third electrode; 14. Fourth electrode; 15. Fifth electrode; 16. Sixth electrode; 17. Heat-conducting plate; 20. Functional thin film; 21. Cover layer; 22. Black matrix unit; 23. Color resist; 24. Thin film; 25. Encapsulation layer; 26. Cathode; 27. Pixel definition layer; 28. Light-emitting functional layer; 29. ​​Anode unit; 30. Driving backplane; 31. Substrate; 32. Support film; 40. Flexible substrate; 41. Gate; 42. Gate insulating layer; 43. Semiconductor layer; 44. Source; 45. Seventh electrode; 46. Eighth electrode; 47. Flexible substrate; 48. Trigger layer. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed.

[0044] The terms used in this application are explained below.

[0045] Existing OLED display devices: such as Figure 1As shown, the internal structure of a prior art OLED display device includes: a functional film 20, an overcoat 21 (OC), a color filter, a thin film 24, an encapsulation layer 25, a cathode 26, a pixel define layer 27 (PDL), multiple light-emitting units, a drive backplane 30 (Drive BP), a substrate 31 (PI Substrate), and a support film 32. The pixel define layer 27 has multiple openings, and multiple light-emitting units are disposed within these openings. Each light-emitting unit includes a cathode 26, an organic light-emitting layer 28 (Organic Light - Emitting Layer), and an anode 29. The color filter includes a black matrix unit 22 (BM). The display consists of a matrix (26) and a color resist (23). The cathode (26) is a semi-transparent, semi-reflective film, while the anode unit (29) is generally an opaque film with high reflectivity. Light emitted from the light-emitting layer (28) that enters the anode unit (29) is reflected back to the light-emitting layer (28) to improve the display effect. The black matrix unit is used to prevent light crosstalk, such as... Figure 1 As shown, two adjacent light-emitting functional layers 28 emit light of different colors. For example, one light-emitting functional layer 28 emits red light and the other emits green light. For the light-emitting functional layer 28 that emits red light, part of the red light enters the color resist 23 directly above this light-emitting functional layer 28, while the other part of the red light is blocked by the black matrix unit 22. This avoids the other part of the red light entering the color resist 23 directly above the adjacent light-emitting functional layer 28, thereby avoiding the problem of light crosstalk.

[0046] Flexible transparent triboelectric transistor: The structure and working principle of the flexible transparent triboelectric transistor are as follows.

[0047] Structure of flexible transparent triboelectric transistors: such as Figure 2As shown, the flexible transparent triboelectric transistor includes: a flexible substrate 40, a thin-film transistor, and a triboelectric generator. The thin-film transistor includes: a gate 41 formed on the flexible substrate 40; a gate insulating layer 42 formed on the gate 41; a semiconductor layer 43 formed on the gate insulating layer 42; a source 44 and a drain. The source 44 and drain are formed on opposite sides of the semiconductor layer 43 and form an ohmic contact with the semiconductor layer 43. A conductive channel with a width of 60 μm is formed in the semiconductor layer 43 between the source 44 and the drain. The triboelectric generator includes: A seventh electrode 45 and an eighth electrode 46 are arranged side-by-side, along with a movable friction part. The seventh electrode 45 and the eighth electrode 46 are formed on a flexible substrate 40 and are insulated from each other. The movable friction part is opposite to the seventh electrode 45 and the eighth electrode 46 and includes a flexible substrate 47 and a friction layer 48. The seventh electrode 45 is connected to the source 44 or the drain of the thin-film transistor, and the eighth electrode 46 is connected to the gate 41 of the thin-film transistor. The gate 41, the gate insulating layer 42, the semiconductor layer 43, the source 44, and the drain are all made of thin-film materials. Figure 2 In this configuration, since the seventh electrode 45 is connected to the source 44 of the thin-film transistor, the input terminal of the flexible transparent triboelectric transistor is the source 44, and the output terminal of the flexible transparent triboelectric transistor is the drain. Conversely, if the seventh electrode 45 is connected to the drain of the thin-film transistor, the input terminal of the flexible transparent triboelectric transistor is the drain, and the output terminal of the flexible transparent triboelectric transistor is the source. Figure 2 Not shown.

[0048] Working principle of flexible transparent triboelectric transistors: Figure 2 In Chinese, "+" represents a positive charge and "-" represents a negative charge, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the movable friction part (flexible substrate 47 and friction layer 48) can slide between the seventh electrode 45 and the eighth electrode 46 under the action of external force, thereby forming a potential difference between the seventh electrode 45 and the eighth electrode 46. In the initial state, the friction layer 48 is in close contact with the seventh electrode 45. Due to the different electron binding capabilities, the surface of the friction layer 48 carries a negative charge, and the seventh electrode 45 carries an equal amount of positive charge. At this time, the positive and negative charges on the upper and lower friction surfaces are in a balanced state, so the voltage of the gate 41 is 0, and the width of the conductive channel between the source 44 and the drain is not affected. Under the action of external force, the movable friction part (flexible substrate 47 and friction layer 48) moves towards the eighth electrode 46. Under the induction of the negative charge on the friction layer 48, the negative charge on the eighth electrode 46 flows towards the gate 41. Due to the lack of negative charge restraint, the positive charge on the seventh electrode 45 flows towards the source 44. Therefore, a positive potential difference acts on the gate 41 and the source 44 of the organic thin film transistor, causing the width of the conductive channel between the source 44 and the drain to increase, and the source drain current to increase. The source drain current increases with the increase of the displacement value d of the movable friction part.

[0049] To address the issue of high power consumption in existing technologies for heating OLED display devices based on electrothermal conversion, this application provides a display device capable of self-heating.

[0050] The aforementioned display device includes: a substrate, a pixel definition layer, and a plurality of light-emitting units; the pixel definition layer is disposed on the substrate and has a plurality of opening areas; the plurality of light-emitting units are disposed within the plurality of opening areas; the light-emitting unit includes a cathode, a light-emitting functional layer, and an anode unit.

[0051] Figure 3 This application provides a display device, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the above-mentioned display device includes:

[0052] Multiple microcup 10s are disposed in the pixel definition layer. Each microcup 10 contains a positively charged photothermal conversion particle assembly. The photothermal conversion particle assembly in the microcup 10 is used to perform photothermal conversion to achieve self-heating of the display device.

[0053] Specifically, the pixel definition layer is provided with multiple opening areas, and multiple light-emitting units are set in the multiple opening areas. The light-emitting unit includes an anode unit, a light-emitting functional layer, and a cathode. By placing the microcup in the pixel definition layer, the cathode, the light-emitting functional layer, and the anode unit can be precisely heated to ensure the electron mobility, hole mobility, and exciton recombination rate under low temperature conditions. This, in turn, ensures the luminous efficiency of the light-emitting functional layer of the display device under low temperature conditions, thereby ensuring that the display device can display normally under low temperature conditions.

[0054] Through the above embodiments, compared with the prior art of heating OLED display devices based on the principle of electrothermal conversion, this application sets microcuplets in the pixel definition layer of the display device. The photothermal conversion particles in the microcuplets combine to perform photothermal conversion to self-heat the display device. This method does not require a large current and has low power consumption, thereby solving the problem of high power consumption in the prior art of heating OLED display devices based on the principle of electrothermal conversion.

[0055] The aforementioned display device further includes: a color filter, and in an optional embodiment, the microcup is arranged in a first manner, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the color filter includes a black matrix unit 22, each anode unit 29 in the pixel definition layer 27 is light-transmitting, the microcup 10 corresponds one-to-one with the anode unit 29, the microcup 10 is disposed directly below the corresponding anode unit 29, and the photothermal conversion particle combination in the microcup 10 is used to perform photothermal conversion on the light emitted by the light-emitting functional layer 28 directly above.

[0056] In this embodiment, the color filter includes a black matrix unit. Each anode unit in the pixel definition layer of the existing OLED display device is replaced with a light-transmitting material. Each microcup is placed directly below the corresponding anode unit. The photothermal conversion particles in the microcup perform photothermal conversion on the light emitted by the light-emitting functional layer directly above, so as to self-heat the display device.

[0057] In the case where the microcup is disposed in the display device according to the first setting method described above, in an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG5(a), the microcup 10 further includes a negatively charged total internal reflection particle combination, the total internal reflection particle combination including: a first total internal reflection particle X and a second total internal reflection particle Y, the number of the first total internal reflection particles X is greater than the number of the second total internal reflection particles Y, the weight of the first total internal reflection particles X is less than the weight of the second total internal reflection particles Y, and the charge of the first total internal reflection particles X is greater than the charge of the second total internal reflection particles Y. The display device further includes: a plurality of first electrodes 11 and a plurality of second electrodes 12, the first electrodes 11 corresponding one-to-one with the microcup 10, the first electrodes 11 being disposed directly above the top of the microcup 10, the second electrodes 12 corresponding one-to-one with the microcup 10, and the second electrodes 12 being disposed directly below the bottom of the microcup 10.

[0058] Specifically, the first electrode corresponding to the microcup is located directly below the anode unit corresponding to the microcup. A light-transmitting insulating plate needs to be set between the first electrode and the anode unit. The current signals of the first electrode and the second electrode can be provided by the drive backplate of the display device, and both are light-transmitting electrodes.

[0059] As shown in Figure 5(a), when the microcup 10 is in the first non-heating mode, the first electrode 11 directly above the microcup 10 is used to receive the first positive current signal, and the second electrode 12 directly below the microcup 10 is used to receive the first negative current signal, so as to drive the first total internal reflection particle X and the second total internal reflection particle Y in the microcup 10 to move to the top of the microcup 10, so that the first total internal reflection particle X and the second total internal reflection particle Y in the microcup 10 reflect all the first incident light rays to the light-emitting functional layer directly above. The first incident light rays are the portion of the light rays emitted by the light-emitting functional layer directly above the microcup that are incident on the microcup.

[0060] Specifically, the first total reflection particle and the second total reflection particle are made of a material that has total reflection properties for light, as shown in Figure 5(a). The photothermal conversion particle combination includes: the first photothermal conversion particle A, the second photothermal conversion particle B and the third photothermal conversion particle C. The materials of the first photothermal conversion particle A, the second photothermal conversion particle B and the third photothermal conversion particle C are all graphene.

[0061] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 5(a), when the microcup 10 is in the first non-heating mode, the first electrode 11 directly above the microcup 10 is used to receive the first positive current signal, and the second electrode 12 directly below the microcup 10 is used to receive the first negative current signal. At this time, the first electrode 11 directly above the microcup 10 has a strong positive charge (+++), and the second electrode 12 directly below the microcup 10 has a strong negative charge (---). The first totally internally reflected particle X and the second totally internally reflected particle Y in the microcup 10 are rapidly attracted to the top of the microcup 10 by the first electrode 11 with a strong positive charge. X and the second total internal reflection particle Y reflect all the first incident light rays to the light-emitting functional layer directly above the microcup, thereby improving the display effect. At this time, the microcup 10 can replace the reflection function of the anode unit in the existing OLED display device. The first photothermal conversion particle A, the second photothermal conversion particle B and the third photothermal conversion particle C in the microcup 10 are quickly attracted to the bottom of the microcup 10 by the second electrode 12 with strong negative charge. IL1 represents the first incident light ray, and RL1 represents the part of the first incident light ray that is reflected to the light-emitting functional layer directly above by the first total internal reflection particle X and the second total internal reflection particle Y in the microcup 10.

[0062] When the microcup is disposed in the display device according to the first setting method described above, in an optional embodiment, as shown in Figures 5(b), 5(c), and 5(d), the photothermal conversion particle combination includes: a first photothermal conversion particle A, a second photothermal conversion particle B, and a third photothermal conversion particle C. The number of the first photothermal conversion particles A is less than the number of the second photothermal conversion particles B, the number of the second photothermal conversion particles B is less than the number of the third photothermal conversion particles C, the weight of the first photothermal conversion particles A is less than the weight of the second photothermal conversion particles B, the weight of the second photothermal conversion particles B is less than the weight of the third photothermal conversion particles C, the charge of the first photothermal conversion particles A is greater than the charge of the second photothermal conversion particles B, and the charge of the second photothermal conversion particles B is greater than the charge of the third photothermal conversion particles C.

[0063] As shown in Figure 5(b), when the microcup 10 is in the first heating mode, the first electrode 11 directly above the microcup 10 is used to receive the second negative current signal, and the second electrode 12 directly below the microcup 10 is used to receive the second positive current signal. The absolute value of the second negative current signal is less than the absolute value of the first negative current signal, and the second positive current signal is less than the first positive current signal, so as to drive the first photothermal conversion particle A in the microcup 10 to move to the top of the microcup 10, so that the first photothermal conversion particle A in the microcup 10 performs photothermal conversion on the A1% of the first incident light.

[0064] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5(b), when the microcup 10 is in the first thermal mode, the first electrode 11 directly above the microcup 10 is used to receive the second negative current signal, and the second electrode 12 directly below the microcup 10 is used to receive the second positive current signal. The absolute value of the second negative current signal is less than the absolute value of the first negative current signal, and the second positive current signal is less than the first positive current signal. The first electrode 11 directly above the microcup 10 has a weak negative charge (-), and the second electrode 12 directly below the microcup 10 has a weak positive charge (+). At this time, the first totally internally reflected particle X in the microcup 10, because it has a strong negative charge and is lightweight and moves quickly, will be affected by the second electrode. The first photothermal particle 12 is quickly attracted to the bottom of the microcup 10. The second totally negatively charged particle Y, due to its weak negative charge and heavy weight, moves slowly. The first electrode 11, also with a weak negative charge, has little repulsive effect on the second totally negatively charged particle Y, so its position remains relatively stable, located slightly above the bottom. The first photothermal conversion particle A, due to its strong positive charge and light weight, moves quickly and is rapidly attracted to the top of the microcup 10 by the first electrode 11. The second photothermal conversion particle B, with a slightly weaker positive charge and slightly heavier weight than the first photothermal conversion particle A, moves more slowly than the first photothermal conversion particle A. The third photothermal conversion particle C, due to its weakest positive charge and heavy weight, moves slowly. The second electrode 12, with its weak positive charge, has little repulsive effect on the third photothermal conversion particle C. Therefore, the position of the third photothermal conversion particle C remains essentially unchanged, located slightly below. In summary, the arrangement of particles in the microcup 10 from top to bottom is: first photothermal conversion particle A → second total internal reflection particle Y → second photothermal conversion particle B → third photothermal conversion particle C → first total internal reflection particle X. At this time, the first photothermal conversion particle A in the microcup 10 performs photothermal conversion on A1% of the first incident light to self-heat the display device. The first incident light (… 100-A1)% is reflected by the second total internal reflection particle Y in the microcup 10 to the light-emitting functional layer directly above the microcup to improve the display effect. Here, (100-A1) is greater than A1. Therefore, the first photothermal conversion particle A in the microcup 10 performs photothermal conversion on a small portion of the first incident light to self-heat the display device. Most of the first incident light is reflected by the second total internal reflection particle Y in the microcup 10 to the light-emitting functional layer directly above the microcup to improve the display effect. IL1 represents the first incident light, and RL1 represents the portion of the first incident light that is reflected by the second total internal reflection particle Y in the microcup 10 to the light-emitting functional layer directly above.

[0065] As shown in Figure 5(c), when the microcup 10 is in the second heating mode, the first electrode 11 corresponding to the microcup 10 is used to receive the third negative current signal, and the second electrode 12 corresponding to the microcup 10 is used to receive the second positive current signal. The absolute value of the third negative current signal is less than the absolute value of the first negative current signal and greater than the absolute value of the second negative current signal, so as to drive the first photothermal conversion particle A and the second photothermal conversion particle B in the microcup 10 to move to the top of the microcup 10, so that the first photothermal conversion particle A and the second photothermal conversion particle B in the microcup 10 perform photothermal conversion on B1% of the first incident light, where B1 is greater than A1.

[0066] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5(c), when the microcup 10 is in the second thermal mode, the first electrode 11 corresponding to the microcup 10 is used to receive the third negative current signal, and the second electrode 12 corresponding to the microcup 10 is used to receive the second positive current signal. The absolute value of the third negative current signal is less than the absolute value of the first negative current signal and greater than the absolute value of the second negative current signal. The first electrode 11 directly above the microcup 10 has a medium-strong negative charge (--), and the second electrode 12 directly below the microcup 10 has a weak positive charge (+). The first totally reflected particle X is still at the bottom of the microcup 10, the second totally reflected particle Y will move slightly downwards but still remain in the middle position, the second photothermal conversion particle B will be attracted by the second electrode 12 and accelerate upwards, and together with the first photothermal conversion particle A, it will be located at the top of the microcup 10. The third photothermal conversion particle C will move slightly upwards and be located in the middle position. In summary, the arrangement order of the particles in the microcup 10 from top to bottom is: first photothermal conversion particle A → second photothermal conversion particle B → third photothermal conversion particle C → second photothermal conversion particle C. Two totally internally reflected particles Y + third photothermal conversion particles C → first totally internally reflected particles X. At this time, the first photothermal conversion particles A and the second photothermal conversion particles B in the microcup 10 perform photothermal conversion on B1% of the first incident light to self-heat the display device. (100-B1)% of the first incident light is reflected by the second totally internally reflected particles Y in the microcup 10 to the light-emitting functional layer directly above the microcup to improve the display effect. Here, B1 is greater than A1 and B1 is greater than (100-B1). Therefore, the first photothermal conversion particles A and the second photothermal conversion particles B in the microcup 10 perform photothermal conversion on most of the first incident light to self-heat the display device. A small part of the first incident light is reflected by the second totally internally reflected particles Y in the microcup 10 to the light-emitting functional layer directly above the microcup to improve the display effect. IL1 represents the first incident light and RL1 represents the part of the first incident light that is reflected by the second totally internally reflected particles Y in the microcup 10 to the light-emitting functional layer directly above.

[0067] Specifically, the microcup generates more heat in the second heating mode than it does in the first heating mode.

[0068] As shown in Figure 5(d), when the microcup 10 is in the third heating mode, the first electrode 11 corresponding to the microcup 10 is used to receive the first negative current signal, and the second electrode 12 corresponding to the microcup 10 is used to receive the first positive current signal, so as to drive the first photothermal conversion particle A, the second photothermal conversion particle B and the third photothermal conversion particle C in the microcup 10 to move to the top of the microcup 10, so that the first photothermal conversion particle A, the second photothermal conversion particle B and the third photothermal conversion particle C in the microcup 10 perform photothermal conversion on the first incident light C1%, where C1 is greater than B1.

[0069] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5(d), when the microcup 10 is in the third heating mode, the first electrode 11 corresponding to the microcup 10 is used to receive the first negative current signal, and the second electrode 12 corresponding to the microcup 10 is used to receive the first positive current signal. The first electrode 11 directly above the microcup 10 has a strong negative charge (---), and the second electrode 12 directly below the microcup 10 has a strong positive charge (+++). At this time, the second totally reflected particle Y will be attracted by the strong attractive force of the second electrode 12 and accelerate downward, and together with the first totally reflected particle X, it will be located at the bottom of the microcup 10. The first electrode 11, with its strong negative charge, will attract the third photothermal conversion particle C to accelerate upward, and together with the first photothermal conversion particle A and the second photothermal conversion particle B, it will be located at the bottom of the microcup 10. In summary, the microcup 10... The arrangement of particles in cup 10 from top to bottom is: first photothermal conversion particle A → second photothermal conversion particle B → third photothermal conversion particle C → second total internal reflection particle Y → first total internal reflection particle X. At this time, the first photothermal conversion particle A, the second photothermal conversion particle B, and the third photothermal conversion particle C in microcup 10 perform photothermal conversion on C1% of the first incident light to self-heat the display device. (100-C1)% of the first incident light is reflected by the second total internal reflection particle Y in microcup 10 to the light-emitting functional layer directly above the microcup to improve the display effect. Here, C1 is greater than B1, and C1 is greater than (100-C1). Therefore, the first photothermal conversion particle A, the second photothermal conversion particle B, and the third photothermal conversion particle X in microcup 10... The majority of the first incident light is converted into photothermal energy to self-heat the display device. A small portion of the first incident light is reflected by the second total internal reflection particle Y in the microcup 10 to the light-emitting functional layer directly above the microcup to improve the display effect. IL1 represents the first incident light. The portion of the first incident light that is reflected by the second total internal reflection particle Y in the microcup 10 to the light-emitting functional layer directly above is not shown.

[0070] Specifically, the heat generated by the microcup in the third heating mode is greater than the heat generated by the microcup in the second heating mode.

[0071] In this embodiment, by adjusting the magnitude of the current received by the first electrode directly above the microcup and the magnitude of the current received by the second electrode directly below the microcup, the microcup can be controlled to be in different heating modes, thereby controlling the amount of heat energy generated by the microcup and thus controlling the self-heating temperature of the display device.

[0072] In the case where the microcup is disposed in the display device according to the first setting method described above, in an optional embodiment, the display device further includes: a plurality of first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors, the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors are disposed on the surface of the display device, the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors correspond one-to-one with the first electrodes, and the output terminals of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors are connected to the corresponding first electrodes.

[0073] Specifically, the display device can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, etc. For example, if the display device is a mobile phone, the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor can be disposed on the back cover of the mobile phone.

[0074] Specifically, the current signal at the input terminal of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor can be provided by the drive backplane of the display device.

[0075] In the first non-heating mode, when the microcup is in the first non-heating mode, the input terminal of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive the third positive current signal, and the movable friction part of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup does not move, so that the output terminal of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor outputs the first positive current signal to the first electrode directly above the microcup.

[0076] Specifically, based on the working principle of the flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor, when the movable friction part of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor does not move, the current at the input terminal of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor cannot reach the output terminal of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor. Therefore, the third positive current signal is greater than the first positive current signal.

[0077] Specifically, in Figure 6(a), the first flexible substrate PET11 is the flexible substrate of the movable friction part of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor, and the first flexible substrate PET12 is the flexible substrate of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor. When the movable friction part of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor does not move, as shown in Figure 6(a), the first flexible substrate PET11 does not move relative to the first flexible substrate PET12.

[0078] When the microcup is in the first heating mode, the input terminal of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive the fourth negative current signal, and the movable friction part of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to move the first displacement value, so that the output terminal of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor outputs the second negative current signal.

[0079] When the microcup is in the second heating mode, the input terminal of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive the fourth negative current signal, and the movable friction part of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to move the second displacement value, so that the output terminal of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor outputs the third negative current signal, and the second displacement value is greater than the first displacement value.

[0080] When the microcup is in the third heating mode, the input terminal of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive the fourth negative current signal, and the movable friction part of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to move the third displacement value, so that the output terminal of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor outputs the first negative current signal, and the third displacement value is greater than the second displacement value.

[0081] Specifically, based on the working principle of the flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor, when the movable friction part of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor moves, the current from the input terminal of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor to the output terminal of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor will increase. However, it will still not all reach the output terminal. Therefore, the absolute value of the fourth negative current signal is greater than the absolute value of the second negative current signal, and greater than the absolute value of the third negative current signal, and greater than the absolute value of the first negative current signal.

[0082] Specifically, based on the working principle of the flexible triboelectric transistor, the greater the displacement value of the movable friction part of the first flexible triboelectric transistor, the greater the current from the input terminal of the first flexible triboelectric transistor to the output terminal of the first flexible triboelectric transistor, that is, the greater the current output from the output terminal of the first flexible triboelectric transistor to the first electrode. In Figures 6(b), 6(c), and 6(d), the first flexible substrate PET11 is the flexible substrate of the movable friction part of the first flexible triboelectric transistor, and the first flexible substrate PET12 is the flexible substrate of the first flexible triboelectric transistor. When the movable friction part of the first flexible triboelectric transistor moves by the first displacement value, as shown in Figure 6(b), the first... A flexible substrate PET11 moves a first displacement value relative to a first flexible substrate PET12. At this time, the output terminal of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor outputs a second negative current signal. When the movable friction part of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor moves a second displacement value, as shown in Figure 6(c), the first flexible substrate PET11 moves a second displacement value relative to the first flexible substrate PET12. At this time, the output terminal of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor outputs a third negative current signal. When the movable friction part of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor moves a third displacement value, as shown in Figure 6(d), the first flexible substrate PET11 moves a third displacement value relative to the first flexible substrate PET12. At this time, the output terminal of the first flexible transparent triboelectric transistor outputs a first negative current signal.

[0083] Specifically, the display device can be divided into multiple regions. A first flexible, light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the first electrode of each region is disposed in the corresponding region on the surface of the display device. For example, the display device is divided into regions P1 and P2. The first flexible, light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the first electrode of region P1 is disposed in region Q1 on the surface of the display device, and the first flexible, light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the first electrode of region P2 is disposed in region Q2 on the surface of the display device. A user can slide and rub their finger in region Q1. By controlling the displacement of the movable friction part of the first flexible, light-transmitting triboelectric transistor, the self-heating temperature of region P1 can be flexibly controlled. Similarly, a user can slide and rub their finger in region Q2. By controlling the displacement of the movable friction part of the first flexible, light-transmitting triboelectric transistor, the self-heating temperature of region P2 can be flexibly controlled.

[0084] In this embodiment, the change in the current of the first electrode directly above the microcup directly affects the heating mode of the microcup, and thus the degree of self-heating of the display device. Therefore, the heating mode of the microcup can be controlled by controlling the current of the first electrode directly above the microcup, thereby controlling the degree of self-heating of the display device. A first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor is disposed on the surface of the display device. The current of the first electrode is controlled by the displacement value of the rubble-movable part of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor. The user can slide and rub his finger in the area where the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor is disposed. By controlling the displacement of the rubble-movable part of the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor, the self-heating temperature of the display device can be flexibly controlled.

[0085] The aforementioned display device further includes a color filter. In an optional embodiment, in a second arrangement of the microcup, the color filter does not include black matrix units, such as... Figure 7 As shown, each anode unit 29 in the pixel definition layer 27 is opaque. The microcup 10 is disposed directly below the spacer area between two adjacent light-emitting functional layers 28 and between two adjacent anode units 29. The photothermal conversion particle combination in the microcup 10 is used to perform photothermal conversion on ambient light from the color filter.

[0086] In this embodiment, the black matrix unit in the color filter of the existing OLED display device is deleted, each anode unit in the pixel definition layer is opaque, and the microcup is placed directly below the spacer area between two adjacent light-emitting functional layers and between two adjacent anode units. The photothermal conversion particles in the microcup are used to perform photothermal conversion on the ambient light from the color filter to self-heat the display device.

[0087] When the microcup is arranged in the display device according to the second arrangement described above, as shown in FIG8(a), in an optional embodiment, the microcup 10 further includes negatively charged light-absorbing particles, and the display device further includes: a plurality of third electrodes 13, a plurality of fourth electrodes 14, a plurality of fifth electrodes 15 and a plurality of sixth electrodes 16. The third electrodes 13 correspond one-to-one with the microcup 10 and are located directly above the top of the corresponding microcup 10. The fourth electrodes 14 correspond one-to-one with the microcup 10 and are located directly below the bottom of the corresponding microcup 10. The fifth electrodes 15 correspond one-to-one with the microcup 10 and are located on the outer side of the first sidewall of the corresponding microcup 10. The sixth electrodes 16 correspond one-to-one with the microcup 10 and are located on the outer side of the second sidewall of the corresponding microcup 10.

[0088] Specifically, the current signals of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth electrodes can be provided by the drive backplate of the display device, and all of them are light-transmitting electrodes.

[0089] As shown in Figure 8(a), when the microcup 10 is in the second non-heating mode, the third electrode 13, the fourth electrode 14, the fifth electrode 15, and the sixth electrode 16 corresponding to the microcup 10 are all used to receive a fourth positive current signal to drive the light-absorbing particles in the microcup 10 to move to the top, bottom, first sidewall, and second sidewall of the microcup 10, so that the light-absorbing particles in the microcup 10 absorb all of the second incident light and all of the third incident light. The second incident light is the light from the ambient light of the color filter that is incident on the microcup 10, and the third incident light is the light emitted from the light-emitting functional layer adjacent to the microcup 10 that is incident on the microcup 10.

[0090] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, ambient light passes through the functional film 20 and the cover layer 21 to reach the color filter.

[0091] Specifically, the light-absorbing particles are made of black carbon black resin balls, as shown in Figure 8(a). The photothermal conversion particle combination includes: fourth photothermal conversion particle A, fifth photothermal conversion particle B and sixth photothermal conversion particle C. The fourth photothermal conversion particle A is made of manganese dioxide, the fifth photothermal conversion particle B is made of carbon nanotubes, and the sixth photothermal conversion particle C is made of graphene. The fourth photothermal conversion particle A, the fifth photothermal conversion particle B and the sixth photothermal conversion particle C are repelled by the positively charged (+) third electrode 13, fourth electrode 14, fifth electrode 15 and sixth electrode 16 and are all located inside the microcup 10.

[0092] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG8(a), when the microcup 10 is in the second non-heating mode, the third electrode 13, the fourth electrode 14, the fifth electrode 15, and the sixth electrode 16 corresponding to the microcup 10 are all used to receive the fourth positive current signal. The third electrode 13 directly above the top of the microcup 10, the fourth electrode 14 directly below the bottom of the microcup 10, the fifth electrode 15 on the outer side of the first sidewall of the microcup 10, and the sixth electrode 16 on the outer side of the second sidewall of the microcup 10 are all positively charged (+). At this time, the light-absorbing particles X in the microcup 10 are attracted by the third electrode 13, the fourth electrode 14, the fifth electrode 15 on the outer side of the first sidewall of the microcup 10, and the sixth electrode 16 on the outer side of the second sidewall of the microcup 10. Electrode 14, fifth electrode 15, and sixth electrode 16 attract and gather at the top, bottom, first sidewall, and second sidewall of microcup 10. The light-absorbing particles X at the top of microcup 10 absorb all of the second incident light, while the light-absorbing particles X at the bottom, first sidewall, and second sidewall absorb all of the third incident light, thus avoiding optical crosstalk. In this case, microcup 10 can replace the function of the black matrix unit in the existing OLED display device. IL2 represents the second incident light, and IL3 represents the third incident light.

[0093] When the microcup is arranged in the display device according to the second arrangement described above, as shown in Figures 8(b), 8(c), and 8(d), in an optional embodiment, the photothermal conversion particle combination includes: a fourth photothermal conversion particle A, a fifth photothermal conversion particle B, and a sixth photothermal conversion particle C. The number of the fourth photothermal conversion particles A is less than the number of the fifth photothermal conversion particles B, the number of the fifth photothermal conversion particles B is less than the number of the sixth photothermal conversion particles C, the weight of the fourth photothermal conversion particles A is less than the weight of the fifth photothermal conversion particles B, the weight of the fifth photothermal conversion particles B is less than the weight of the sixth photothermal conversion particles C, the charge of the fourth photothermal conversion particles A is greater than the charge of the fifth photothermal conversion particles B, the charge of the fifth photothermal conversion particles B is greater than the charge of the sixth photothermal conversion particles C, the photothermal conversion efficiency of the fourth photothermal conversion particles A is less than the photothermal conversion efficiency of the fifth photothermal conversion particles B, and the photothermal conversion efficiency of the fifth photothermal conversion particles B is less than the photothermal conversion efficiency of the sixth photothermal conversion particles C.

[0094] As shown in Figure 8(b), when the microcup 10 is in the fourth heating mode, the third electrode 13 corresponding to the microcup 10 is used to receive the fifth negative current signal to drive the fourth photothermal conversion particle A in the microcup 10 to move to the top of the microcup 10, so that the fourth photothermal conversion particle A in the microcup 10 performs photothermal conversion on the second incident light A2%. The fourth electrode 14, the fifth electrode 15, and the sixth electrode 16 corresponding to the microcup 10 are all used to receive the fourth positive current signal to drive the light-absorbing particles in the microcup 10 to move to the bottom of the microcup 10, the first sidewall of the microcup 10, and the second sidewall of the microcup 10, so that the light-absorbing particles in the microcup 10 absorb all of the third incident light.

[0095] Specifically, as shown in Figure 8(b), when the microcup 10 is in the fourth heating mode, the third electrode 13 corresponding to the microcup 10 is used to receive the fifth negative current signal, and the fourth electrode 14, the fifth electrode 15, and the sixth electrode 16 corresponding to the microcup 10 are all used to receive the fourth positive current signal. The third electrode 13 directly above the top of the microcup 10 has a weak negative charge (-), and the fourth electrode 14 directly below the bottom of the microcup 10 and the fifth electrode on the outer side of the first sidewall of the microcup 10 are also present. Both electrode 15 and the sixth electrode 16 on the outer side of the second sidewall of microcup 10 are positively charged (+). At this time, the light-absorbing particles X in microcup 10, because they are strongly negatively charged, will be repelled by the third electrode 13 to the bottom, first sidewall, and second sidewall of microcup 10. The third photothermal conversion particles A, because they are strongly positively charged and lightweight and move quickly, will be rapidly attracted to the top of microcup 10 by the third electrode 13. The fourth photothermal conversion particles B, because they are slightly charged... Weaker than the third photothermal conversion particle A, and slightly heavier than the third photothermal conversion particle A, therefore its movement is slower than the third photothermal conversion particle A. The sixth photothermal conversion particle C, due to its weakest positive charge and heavy weight, also moves slowly. Since the third electrode 13 has a weak negative charge (-), its repulsive effect is minimal, so its position remains essentially unchanged in the middle. In summary, the order of particles in the microcup 10 from top to bottom is: third photothermal conversion particle A → fourth photothermal conversion particle B → sixth photothermal conversion particle C. C → light-absorbing particle X. At this time, the fourth photothermal conversion particle A in the microcup 10 performs photothermal conversion on A2% of the second incident light to self-heat the display device. A2 is less than (100-A2). Therefore, the fourth photothermal conversion particle A in the microcup 10 performs photothermal conversion on a small part of the second incident light to self-heat the display device. All of the third incident light is absorbed by the light-absorbing particle X in the microcup 10 to avoid light crosstalk. IL2 represents the second incident light and IL3 represents the third incident light.

[0096] As shown in Figure 8(c), when the microcup 10 is in the fifth heating mode, the third electrode 13 corresponding to the microcup 10 is used to receive the sixth negative current signal. The absolute value of the sixth negative current signal is greater than the absolute value of the fifth negative current signal, so as to drive the fourth photothermal conversion particle A and the fifth photothermal conversion particle B in the microcup 10 to move to the top of the microcup 10, so that the fourth photothermal conversion particle A and the fifth photothermal conversion particle B in the microcup 10 perform photothermal conversion on B2% of the second incident light. The fourth electrode 14, the fifth electrode 15, and the sixth electrode 16 corresponding to the microcup 10 are all used to receive the fourth positive current signal, so as to drive the light-absorbing particles in the microcup 10 to move to the bottom of the microcup 10, the first sidewall of the microcup 10, and the second sidewall of the microcup 10, so that the light-absorbing particles in the microcup 10 absorb all of the third incident light, and B2 is greater than A2.

[0097] Specifically, the microcup generates more heat in the fifth heating mode than it does in the fourth heating mode.

[0098] Specifically, as shown in Figure 8(c), when the microcup 10 is in the fifth heating mode, the third electrode 13 corresponding to the microcup 10 is used to receive the sixth negative current signal. The absolute value of the sixth negative current signal is greater than the absolute value of the fifth negative current signal. The fourth electrode 14, the fifth electrode 15, and the sixth electrode 16 corresponding to the microcup 10 are all used to receive the fourth positive current signal. The third electrode 13 directly above the top of the microcup 10 has a medium-strong negative charge (--), and the fourth electrode 14 directly below the bottom of the microcup 10 has a medium-strong negative charge (--). 4. The fifth electrode 15 on the outer side of the first sidewall of the microcup 10 and the sixth electrode 16 on the outer side of the second sidewall of the microcup 10 are both positively charged (+). At this time, the light-absorbing particles X in the microcup 10 are still located at the bottom, the first sidewall, and the second sidewall of the microcup 10. However, due to the increased negative charge of the third electrode 13, the light-absorbing particles X at the top, the first sidewall, and the junction of the second sidewall of the microcup 10 will be repelled away from the top of the microcup 10 due to the repulsive effect of the third electrode 13. As the particle moves upward, the fifth photothermal conversion particle B is attracted by the third electrode 13 and accelerates upward, joining the fourth photothermal conversion particle A at the top of the microcup 10. The sixth photothermal conversion particle C moves slightly upward to the middle position. In summary, the order of particles in the microcup 10 from top to bottom is: fourth photothermal conversion particle A → fifth photothermal conversion particle B → sixth photothermal conversion particle C → light-absorbing particle X. At this time, most of the incident light generated by the ambient light from the screen will be absorbed by particles A and B and converted into heat energy. At this point, the fourth photothermal conversion particle X in the microcup 10... Thermal conversion particle A and fifth photothermal conversion particle B perform photothermal conversion on B2% of the second incident light to self-heat the display device. B2 is greater than A2 and greater than (100-B2). Therefore, the fourth photothermal conversion particle A and fifth photothermal conversion particle B in the microcup 10 perform photothermal conversion on most of the second incident light to self-heat the display device. All of the third incident light is absorbed by the light-absorbing particle X in the microcup 10 to avoid light crosstalk. IL2 represents the second incident light and IL3 represents the third incident light.

[0099] As shown in Figure 8(d), when the microcup 10 is in the sixth heating mode, the third electrode 13 corresponding to the microcup 10 is used to receive the seventh negative current signal. The absolute value of the seventh negative current signal is greater than the absolute value of the sixth negative current signal, so as to drive the fourth photothermal conversion particle A, the fifth photothermal conversion particle B, and the sixth photothermal conversion particle C in the microcup 10 to move to the top of the microcup 10, so that the fourth photothermal conversion particle A, the fifth photothermal conversion particle B, and the sixth photothermal conversion particle C in the microcup 10 perform photothermal conversion on the second incident light C2%. The fourth electrode 14, the fifth electrode 15, and the sixth electrode 16 corresponding to the microcup 10 are all used to receive the fourth positive current signal, so as to drive the light-absorbing particles in the microcup 10 to move to the bottom of the microcup 10, the first sidewall of the microcup 10, and the second sidewall of the microcup 10, so that the light-absorbing particles in the microcup 10 absorb all of the third incident light, and C2 is greater than B2.

[0100] Specifically, the microcup generates more heat in the sixth heating mode than it does in the fifth heating mode.

[0101] Specifically, as shown in Figure 8(d), when the microcup 10 is in the sixth heating mode, the third electrode 13 corresponding to the microcup 10 is used to receive the seventh negative current signal. The absolute value of the seventh negative current signal is greater than the absolute value of the sixth negative current signal. The fourth electrode 14, the fifth electrode 15, and the sixth electrode 16 corresponding to the microcup 10 are all used to receive the fourth positive current signal. The third electrode 13 directly above the top of the microcup 10 has a strong negative charge (---), and the fourth electrode 14 directly below the bottom of the microcup 10 has a strong negative charge (---). 4. The fifth electrode 15 on the outer side of the first sidewall of the microcup 10 and the sixth electrode 16 on the outer side of the second sidewall of the microcup 10 are both positively charged (+). At this time, the light-absorbing particles X in the microcup 10 are still located at the bottom, the first sidewall, and the second sidewall of the microcup 10. However, due to the continued increase in the negative charge of the third electrode 13, the light-absorbing particles X at the top, the first sidewall, and the junction of the second sidewall of the microcup 10 will be driven away from the microcup 10 by the stronger repulsive effect of the third electrode 13. As the particle moves upwards towards the top, the sixth photothermal conversion particle C will be attracted by the third electrode 13 and accelerate upwards, joining the fourth photothermal conversion particle A and the fifth photothermal conversion particle B at the top of the microcup 10. In summary, the order of particles in the microcup 10 from top to bottom is: fourth photothermal conversion particle A → fifth photothermal conversion particle B → sixth photothermal conversion particle C → light-absorbing particle X. At this time, most of the incident light generated by the ambient light from the screen will be absorbed by particles A and B and converted into heat energy. At this point, the fourth photothermal conversion particle A, the fifth photothermal conversion particle B, the sixth photothermal conversion particle C, and the sixth photothermal conversion particle C in the microcup 10 will be attracted by the third electrode 13 and accelerate upwards, joining the fourth photothermal conversion particle A and the fifth photothermal conversion particle B at the top of the microcup 10. The fifth photothermal conversion particle B and the sixth photothermal conversion particle C perform photothermal conversion on C2% of the second incident light. C2 is greater than B2 and greater than (100-C2). Therefore, the fourth photothermal conversion particle A, the fifth photothermal conversion particle B, and the sixth photothermal conversion particle C in the microcup 10 perform photothermal conversion on most of the second incident light to self-heat the display device. All of the third incident light is absorbed by the light-absorbing particle X in the microcup 10 to avoid light crosstalk. IL2 represents the second incident light and IL3 represents the third incident light.

[0102] In this embodiment, by adjusting the magnitude of the current received by the third electrode directly above the microcup and adjusting the magnitude of the current received by the third electrode directly below the microcup, the microcup can be controlled to be in different heating modes, thereby controlling the amount of heat energy generated by the microcup and thus controlling the self-heating temperature of the display device.

[0103] When the microcup is arranged in the display device according to the second configuration described above, in an optional embodiment, the plurality of third electrodes are divided into multiple groups of the third electrodes, as shown in Figures 8(a), 8(b), 8(c), and 8(d). The display device further includes:

[0104] Multiple heat-conducting plates 17, one of the heat-conducting plates 17 corresponding to a group of the third electrodes 13, the heat-conducting plate 17 covering the top of all the third electrodes 13 in the corresponding group of the third electrodes 13.

[0105] Specifically, the heat-conducting plate can be made of graphene.

[0106] In this embodiment, the display device can be divided into multiple regions. The second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the third electrode of each region is disposed in the corresponding region on the surface of the display device. For example, the display device is divided into regions P3 and P4. The second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the third electrode of region P3 is disposed in region Q3 on the surface of the display device, and the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the third electrode of region P4 is disposed in region Q4 on the surface of the display device. The user can slide and rub his finger in region Q3. By controlling the friction displacement, the self-heating temperature of region P3 can be flexibly controlled. The user can slide and rub his finger in region Q4. By controlling the friction displacement, the self-heating temperature of region P4 can be flexibly controlled. Since the ambient light is uneven, a heat-conducting plate is disposed on the top of the third electrode of a region to ensure that the temperature of each position in the region is uniform when the region is self-heated.

[0107] In an optional embodiment, the display device further includes: a plurality of second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors, the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors being disposed on the surface of the display device, the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors corresponding one-to-one with the third electrode, and the output terminals of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors being connected to the corresponding third electrode.

[0108] Specifically, the display device can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, etc. For example, if the display device is a mobile phone, the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor can be disposed on the back cover of the mobile phone.

[0109] Specifically, the current signal at the input terminal of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor can be provided by the drive backplane of the display device.

[0110] Wherein, when the microcup is in the second non-heating mode, the input terminal of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive the fifth positive current signal, and the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is not moved, so that the output terminal of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor outputs the fourth positive current signal.

[0111] Specifically, based on the working principle of the flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor, when the movable friction part of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor does not move, the current at the input terminal of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor cannot reach the output terminal of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor. Therefore, the fifth positive current signal is greater than the fourth positive current signal.

[0112] Specifically, in Figure 9(a), the second flexible substrate PET21 is the flexible substrate of the movable friction part of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor, and the second flexible substrate PET22 is the flexible substrate of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor. When the movable friction part of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor does not move, as shown in Figure 9(a), the second flexible substrate PET21 does not move relative to the second flexible substrate PET22.

[0113] When the microcup is in the fourth heating mode, the input terminal of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive the eighth negative current signal, and the movable friction part of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to move the fourth displacement value, so that the output terminal of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor outputs the fifth negative current signal.

[0114] When the microcup is in the fifth heating mode, the input terminal of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive the eighth negative current signal, and the movable friction part of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to move the fifth displacement value, so that the output terminal of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor outputs the sixth negative current signal, and the fifth displacement value is greater than the fourth displacement value.

[0115] When the microcup is in the sixth heating mode, the input terminal of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to receive the eighth negative current signal, and the movable friction part of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor corresponding to the microcup is used to move the sixth displacement value, so that the output terminal of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor outputs the seventh negative current signal, and the sixth displacement value is greater than the fifth displacement value.

[0116] Specifically, based on the working principle of the flexible transparent triboelectric transistor, when the movable friction part of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor moves, the current from the input terminal of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor to the output terminal of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor will increase. However, it will still not all reach the output terminal. Therefore, the absolute value of the eighth negative current signal is greater than the absolute value of the seventh negative current signal.

[0117] Specifically, based on the working principle of the flexible triboelectric transistor, the greater the displacement value of the movable friction part of the second flexible triboelectric transistor, the greater the current from the input terminal of the second flexible triboelectric transistor to the output terminal, that is, the greater the current output from the output terminal of the second flexible triboelectric transistor to the first electrode. In Figures 9(b), 9(c), and 9(d), the second flexible substrate PET21 is the flexible substrate of the movable friction part of the second flexible triboelectric transistor, and the second flexible substrate PET22 is the flexible substrate of the second flexible triboelectric transistor. When the movable friction part of the second flexible triboelectric transistor moves to the fourth displacement value, as shown in Figure 9(b), the... When the second flexible substrate PET21 moves a fourth displacement relative to the second flexible substrate PET22, the output terminal of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor outputs a fifth negative current signal. When the movable friction part of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor moves a fifth displacement, as shown in Figure 9(c), the second flexible substrate PET21 moves a fifth displacement relative to the second flexible substrate PET22, and the output terminal of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor outputs a sixth negative current signal. When the movable friction part of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor moves a sixth displacement, as shown in Figure 9(d), the second flexible substrate PET21 moves a sixth displacement relative to the second flexible substrate PET22, and the output terminal of the second flexible transparent triboelectric transistor outputs a seventh negative current signal.

[0118] Specifically, the display device can be divided into multiple regions. The second flexible, light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the third electrode of each region is disposed in the corresponding region on the surface of the display device. For example, the display device is divided into regions P3 and P4. The second flexible, light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the third electrode of region P3 is disposed in region Q3 on the surface of the display device, and the second flexible, light-transmitting triboelectric transistor corresponding to the third electrode of region P4 is disposed in region Q4 on the surface of the display device. A user can slide and rub their finger in region Q3. By controlling the displacement of the movable friction part of the second flexible, light-transmitting triboelectric transistor, the self-heating temperature of region P3 on the display device can be flexibly controlled. Similarly, a user can slide and rub their finger in region Q4. By controlling the displacement of the movable friction part of the second flexible, light-transmitting triboelectric transistor, the self-heating temperature of region P4 on the display device can be flexibly controlled.

[0119] In this embodiment, the change in the current of the third electrode directly above the microcup directly affects the heating mode of the microcup, and thus the degree of self-heating of the display device. Therefore, the heating mode of the microcup can be controlled by controlling the current of the third electrode directly above the microcup, thereby controlling the degree of self-heating of the display device. A second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor is disposed on the surface of the display device. The current of the third electrode is controlled by the displacement value of the rubble-movable part of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor. The user can slide and rub his finger in the area where the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor is disposed. By controlling the displacement of the rubble-movable part of the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistor, the self-heating temperature of the display device can be flexibly controlled.

[0120] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0121] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized in that, The display device includes: a substrate, a pixel definition layer, and a plurality of light-emitting units; the pixel definition layer is disposed on the substrate and has a plurality of opening areas; the plurality of light-emitting units are disposed within the plurality of opening areas; each light-emitting unit includes a cathode, a light-emitting functional layer, and an anode unit; the display device further includes: Multiple microcuplets are disposed in the pixel definition layer. Each microcuplet contains a photothermal conversion particle assembly, which is used to perform photothermal conversion to achieve self-heating of the display device. The display device further includes: a color filter, the color filter comprising a black matrix unit, the anode unit being light-transmitting, the microcup corresponding to the anode unit one-to-one, the microcup being disposed directly below the corresponding anode unit, and the photothermal conversion particle assembly being used to perform photothermal conversion on the light emitted by the light-emitting functional layer; The microcup also includes a total reflection particle assembly, and the display device further includes: a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes, wherein the first electrodes correspond one-to-one with the microcup and are disposed directly above the top of the microcup, and the second electrodes correspond one-to-one with the microcup and are disposed directly below the bottom of the microcup.

2. The display device according to claim 1, further comprising: A color filter, characterized in that the color filter does not contain a black matrix unit, the anode unit is opaque, the microcup is disposed directly below the spacer region of two adjacent light-emitting functional layers and is located between two adjacent anode units, and the photothermal conversion particle assembly is used to perform photothermal conversion on ambient light from the color filter.

3. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, When the microcup is in the first non-heating mode, the total internal reflection particle assembly in the microcup is driven to move to the top of the microcup, reflecting all the first incident light rays to the light-emitting functional layer directly above it. The first incident light rays are the portion of the light rays emitted by the light-emitting functional layer directly above the microcup that are incident on the microcup.

4. The display device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The photothermal conversion particle assembly includes: a first photothermal conversion particle, a second photothermal conversion particle, and a third photothermal conversion particle; In the first heating mode, the first photothermal conversion particles in the microcup are driven to move to the top of the microcup to perform photothermal conversion on the A1% of the first incident light. When the microcup is in the second heating mode, the first photothermal conversion particle and the second photothermal conversion particle in the microcup are driven to move to the top of the microcup to perform photothermal conversion on B1% of the first incident light, where B1 is greater than A1; When the microcup is in the third heating mode, the first photothermal conversion particle, the second photothermal conversion particle and the third photothermal conversion particle in the microcup are driven to move to the top of the microcup to perform photothermal conversion on C1% of the first incident light, where C1 is greater than B1.

5. The display device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The display device further includes: a plurality of first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors, the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors being disposed on the surface of the display device, the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors corresponding one-to-one with the first electrodes, the first flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors including an input terminal, a movable friction part and an output terminal, the output terminal being connected to the corresponding first electrode; When the microcup is in the first non-heating mode, the input terminal is used to receive the third positive current signal, the movable friction part does not move, and the output terminal outputs the first positive current signal. When the microcup is in the first heating mode, the input terminal is used to receive the fourth negative current signal, and the movable friction part is used to move the first displacement value so that the output terminal outputs the second negative current signal. When the microcup is in the second heating mode, the input terminal is used to receive the fourth negative current signal, and the movable friction part is used to move the second displacement value so that the output terminal outputs the third negative current signal, and the second displacement value is greater than the first displacement value. When the microcup is in the third heating mode, the input terminal is used to receive the fourth negative current signal, and the movable friction part is used to move the third displacement value so that the output terminal outputs the first negative current signal, and the third displacement value is greater than the second displacement value.

6. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microcup also contains light-absorbing particles. The display device further includes: a plurality of third electrodes, a plurality of fourth electrodes, a plurality of fifth electrodes, and a plurality of sixth electrodes. The third electrodes correspond one-to-one with the microcup and are disposed directly above the top of the corresponding microcup. The fourth electrodes correspond one-to-one with the microcup and are disposed directly below the bottom of the corresponding microcup. The fifth electrodes correspond one-to-one with the microcup and are disposed on the outer side of the first sidewall of the corresponding microcup. The sixth electrodes correspond one-to-one with the microcup and are disposed on the outer side of the second sidewall of the corresponding microcup. In the second non-heating mode, the light-absorbing particles in the microcup are driven to move to the top, bottom, first sidewall, and second sidewall of the microcup, so that the light-absorbing particles in the microcup absorb the second and third incident light rays. The second incident light ray is the light ray incident on the microcup from the ambient light of the color filter, and the third incident light ray is the light ray incident on the microcup from the light-emitting functional layer adjacent to the microcup.

7. The display device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The photothermal conversion particle assembly includes: a fourth photothermal conversion particle, a fifth photothermal conversion particle, and a sixth photothermal conversion particle; In the fourth heating mode, the fourth photothermal conversion particles in the microcup are driven to move to the top of the microcup to perform photothermal conversion on the A2% of the second incident light, and the light-absorbing particles in the microcup are driven to move to the bottom of the microcup, the first sidewall of the microcup, and the second sidewall of the microcup to absorb the third incident light. When the microcup is in the fifth heating mode, the fourth and fifth photothermal conversion particles in the microcup are driven to move to the top of the microcup to perform photothermal conversion on B2% of the second incident light. The light-absorbing particles in the microcup are driven to move to the bottom of the microcup, the first sidewall of the microcup, and the second sidewall of the microcup to absorb the third incident light, where B2 is greater than A2. When the microcup is in the sixth heating mode, the fourth, fifth, and sixth photothermal conversion particles in the microcup are driven to move to the top of the microcup to perform photothermal conversion on the C2% of the second incident light. The light-absorbing particles in the microcup are driven to move to the bottom, the first sidewall, and the second sidewall of the microcup to absorb the third incident light, where C2 is greater than B2.

8. The display device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The display device further includes: dividing the plurality of third electrodes into multiple groups of third electrodes; Multiple heat-conducting plates, one heat-conducting plate corresponding to a group of third electrodes, the heat-conducting plate covering the top of all the third electrodes in the corresponding group of third electrodes.

9. The display device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The display device further includes: a plurality of second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors, the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors being disposed on the surface of the display device, the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors corresponding one-to-one with the third electrode, the second flexible light-transmitting triboelectric transistors including an input terminal, a movable friction part and an output terminal, the output terminal being connected to the corresponding third electrode; When the microcup is in the second non-heating mode, the input terminal is used to receive the fifth positive current signal, the movable friction part does not move, and the output terminal outputs the fourth positive current signal. When the microcup is in the fourth heating mode, the input terminal is used to receive the eighth negative current signal, and the movable friction part is used to move the fourth displacement value so that the output terminal outputs the fifth negative current signal. When the microcup is in the fifth heating mode, the input terminal is used to receive the eighth negative current signal, and the movable friction part is used to move the fifth displacement value so that the output terminal outputs the sixth negative current signal, and the fifth displacement value is greater than the fourth displacement value. When the microcup is in the sixth heating mode, the input terminal is used to receive the eighth negative current signal, and the movable friction part is used to move the sixth displacement value so that the output terminal outputs the seventh negative current signal, and the sixth displacement value is greater than the fifth displacement value.

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