Method and device for positioning

Abstract

A method for performing wireless communication by a first device and a device supporting the same are provided. A first device may receive a first reference signal for positioning from a second device, transmit at least one of information or a preferred reference signal configuration related to a preferred time slot to the second device, and determine a position of the second device based on the at least one of the information or the preferred reference signal configuration related to the preferred time slot. A second reference signal for positioning is received from a second device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The disclosure relates to a wireless communication system. BACKGROUND

[0002] 5G NR is a successor technology of long term evolution (LTE), and is a new and completely new mobile communication system having characteristics such as high performance, low latency, high availability, etc. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, including low frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, high frequency (millimeter band) bands above 24 GHz, etc.

[0003] 6G (wireless communication) system has purposes such as (i) very high data rate per device, (ii) very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption of battery-less IoT devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected smart with machine learning capability. The vision of the 6G system can include four aspects such as intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, hologram connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements shown in Table 1 below. That is, Table 1 shows the requirements of the 6G system.

[0004] [Table 1]

[0005] SUMMARY

[0006] TECHNICAL SOLUTION

[0007] In one embodiment, a method for performing wireless communication by a first device is provided. The method can include receiving, from a second device, a first reference signal for positioning, transmitting, to the second device, at least one of information related to a preferred time slot or a preferred reference signal configuration, and receiving, from the second device, a second reference signal for positioning based on the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration.

[0008] In one embodiment, a first device adapted to perform wireless communication is provided. The first device can include at least one transceiver, at least one processor, and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on being executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform operations including receiving, from a second device, a first reference signal for positioning, transmitting, to the second device, at least one of information related to a preferred time slot or a preferred reference signal configuration, and receiving, from the second device, a second reference signal for positioning based on the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration.

[0009] In an embodiment, a processing device adapted to control a first device is provided. The processing device can include at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on being executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform operations including receiving, from a second device, a first reference signal for positioning; transmitting, to the second device, at least one of information related to a preferred time slot or a preferred reference signal configuration; and receiving, from the second device, a second reference signal for positioning based on the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration.

[0010] In an embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions is provided. The instructions, when executed, can cause a first device to perform operations including receiving, from a second device, a first reference signal for positioning; transmitting, to the second device, at least one of information related to a preferred time slot or a preferred reference signal configuration; and receiving, from the second device, a second reference signal for positioning based on the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 A communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system based on an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated.

[0012] Figure 2 An electromagnetic spectrum based on an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated.

[0013] Figure 3 An example of a transparent payload based NTN typical scenario based on an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated.

[0014] Figure 4 An example of a regenerative payload based NTN typical scenario based on an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated.

[0015] Figure 5 An example of a sensing operation based on an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated.

[0016] Figure 6 A structure of a slot of a frame based on an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated.

[0017] Figure 7 An example of a BWP based on an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated.

[0018] Figure 8 A procedure of performing V2X or SL communication by a UE based on a resource allocation mode based on an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated.

[0019] Figure 9An example of an architecture of a 5G system capable of positioning a UE having access rights to a next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) or E-UTRAN is shown based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 10 An example of a network implementing for measuring a location of a UE is shown based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 11 An example of a protocol layer used to support LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) messaging between an LMF and a UE is shown based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 12 An example of a protocol layer used to support NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) PDU transfer between an LMF and a NG-RAN node is shown based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 13 is a diagram for explaining an OTDOA positioning method based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 14 A retransmission procedure is shown based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 15 A method of wireless communication performed by a first apparatus is shown based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 16 A method of wireless communication performed by a second apparatus is shown based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 17 A communication system 1 is shown based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 18 A wireless apparatus is shown based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 19 A signal processing circuit for transmitting a signal is shown based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 20 Another example of a wireless apparatus is shown based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 21 A handheld apparatus is shown based on an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 22 A vehicle or autonomous vehicle is shown based on an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In the disclosure, "A or B" can mean "A only," "B only," or "both A and B." In other words, in the disclosure, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, in the disclosure, "A, B, or C" can mean "A only," "B only," "C only," or "any combination of A, B, and C."

[0034] In the disclosure, a slash ( / ) or a comma used can mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B." Thus, "A / B" can mean "A only," "B only," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C."

[0035] In the disclosure, "at least one of A and B" can mean "A only," "B only," or "both A and B." Also, in the disclosure, the expression "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" can be interpreted as "at least one of A and B."

[0036] Also, in the disclosure, "at least one of A, B, and C" can mean "A only," "B only," "C only," or "any combination of A, B, and C." Also, "at least one of A, B, or C" or "at least one of A, B, and / or C" can mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0037] Also, the parentheses used in the disclosure can mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)," this can mean that "PDCCH" is proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, the "control information" of the disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDDCH" can be proposed as an example of "control information." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)," this can also mean that "PDCCH" is proposed as an example of "control information."

[0038] In the following description, "when, if, or in the case of" can be replaced with "based on."

[0039] The technical features described in one drawing in the disclosure can be implemented respectively, or can be implemented simultaneously.

[0040] In the disclosure, a higher layer parameter can be a parameter configured, pre-configured, or pre-defined for a UE. For example, a base station or a network can transmit a higher layer parameter to a UE. For example, the higher layer parameter can be transmitted through radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0041] In the disclosure, "configured / being configured or defined / being defined" can be interpreted as being configured or preconfigured for the device by pre-defined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or a network. In the disclosure, "configured / being configured or defined / being defined" can be interpreted as being preconfigured for the device.

[0042] The technology described below can be used in various wireless communication systems such as code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), etc. The CDMA can be implemented by a radio technology such as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA) or CDMA-2000. The TDMA can be implemented by a radio technology such as global system for mobile communications (GSM) / general packet radio service (GPRS) / enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE). The OFDMA can be implemented by a radio technology such as institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), long term evolution (LTE), 5G NR, etc.

[0043] The technology proposed in the disclosure can be implemented as a 6G wireless technology, and can be applied to various 6G systems. For example, the 6G system can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0044] Figure 1 A communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system based on an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated. Figure 1 Embodiments of the disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the disclosure.

[0045] In 6G, new network characteristics can be as follows.

[0046] - Satellite integrated network

[0047] - Interconnected intelligence: Unlike previous generations of wireless communication systems, 6G is innovative, and wireless evolution can be updated from "interconnected things" to "interconnected intelligence". AI can be applied in every step of the communication process (or every signal processing process to be described below).

[0048] - Seamless integration of wireless information and energy transfer.

[0049] - Ubiquitous hyper-3D connectivity: Access to network and core network functions for drones and LEO satellites will establish hyper-3D connectivity in 6G ubiquity.

[0050] Among the new network characteristics of 6G, several general requirements are as follows.

[0051] - Small cell networks

[0052] - Ultra-dense heterogeneous networks

[0053] - High-capacity backhaul

[0054] - Radar technology integrated with mobile technology: High-precision positioning through communication (or location-based service) is one of the functions of the 6G wireless communication system. Therefore, a radar system will be integrated with the 6G network.

[0055] - Software and virtualization.

[0056] The following describes the core implementation technologies of the 6G system.

[0057] - Artificial intelligence (AI): When AI is introduced into communication, real-time data transmission can be simplified and improved. AI can use countless analyses to determine a method of performing a complex target task. That is, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delay. Time-consuming operations such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be immediately performed through AI. AI can also play an important role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine. In addition, AI can be instant communication in brain-computer interface (BCI). An AI-based communication system can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radio, self-maintaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0058] - Terahertz (THz) communication: Data rates can be increased by increasing bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-TH communication with a wide bandwidth and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves are referred to as submillimeter radiation, which generally indicates a frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with a corresponding wavelength in the range of 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band range (sub-THz band) is considered as a main part of the THz band for cellular communication. When the sub-THz band is added to the millimeter wave band, the capacity of 6G cellular communication increases. The 300 GHz to 3 THz of the defined THz band is in the far infrared (IR) band. The 300 GHz to 3 THz band is a part of the optical band, but is located at the boundary of the optical band and immediately after the RF band. Therefore, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band has similarity with RF. Figure 2 An electromagnetic spectrum based on an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated. Figure 2Embodiments of the disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. The main features of THz communication include (i) bandwidth that can be widely used to support very high data rates; and (ii) high path loss occurs at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are essential). Narrow beam width produced in high directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a larger number of antenna elements to be integrated with devices and BSs operating in this band. Therefore, advanced adaptive arrangement techniques that can overcome range limitations can be used.

[0059] - Massive MIMO technology (large MIMO)

[0060] - Holographic beamforming (HBF)

[0061] - Optical wireless technology

[0062] - Free space optical (FSO) backhaul network

[0063] - Quantum communication

[0064] - Cell-less communication

[0065] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0066] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0067] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0068] - Big data analytics

[0069] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface

[0070] - Metaverse

[0071] - Blockchain

[0072] - Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs): UAVs or drones will be an important factor in 6G wireless communications. In most cases, high-speed data wireless connectivity can be provided using UAV technology. A base station (BS) entity is installed inside the UAV to provide cellular connectivity. The UAV can have certain functions that are not found in fixed BS infrastructure, such as ease of deployment, strong line-of-sight links, and freedom of mobility control. During emergency situations such as natural disasters, it is economically unfeasible to deploy a terrestrial telecommunication infrastructure, and sometimes it is not possible to provide services in a turbulent environment. The UAV is able to easily handle such situations. The UAV will become a new paradigm in the field of wireless communications. This technology facilitates the three big basic requirements of wireless networks, such as eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC. The UAV is also able to be used for a variety of purposes, such as network connectivity improvement, fire detection, disaster emergency services, safety and monitoring, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and accident monitoring. Therefore, the UAV technology is recognized as one of the most important technologies for 6G communications.

[0073] - Advanced air mobility (AAM): AAM is a higher-order concept of urban air mobility (UAM), which is air transportation that can be used in urban areas, and can refer to a transportation means that includes movement between urban areas and regional hubs.

[0074] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is a core element for establishing an autonomous driving infrastructure, and can be a technology in which vehicles communicate and share with various elements in the road, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I). In order to maximize the performance of autonomous driving and ensure high safety, high transmission speed and low latency technology is required. In addition, in the future, autonomous driving can need to go beyond delivering warning or guidance messages to drivers, and actively intervene in vehicle operation and directly control the vehicle in dangerous situations. For this reason, since the amount of information that needs to be transmitted and received can be enormous, it is expected that autonomous driving will be maximized in 6G, which has a higher transmission speed and lower latency than 5G.

[0075] - Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs): NTNs can refer to a network or network segment that utilizes radio frequency (RF) resources on a satellite (or unmanned aircraft system (UAS) platform). Figure 3 An example of a typical scenario of a transparent payload-based NTN based on an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated. Figure 4 An example of a typical scenario of a regenerative payload-based NTN based on an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated. Figure 3 Or Figure 4 Embodiments of the disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the disclosure. Refer to Figure 3The satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with the UE. The satellite (or UAS platform) can connect to the gateway via a feeder link. The satellite can connect to the data network via the gateway. The beam coverage area refers to the area where the signal transmitted by the satellite can be received. (See reference...) Figure 4 A satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with the UE. A satellite (or UAS platform) connected to the UE can connect to another satellite (or another UAS platform) via an inter-satellite link (ISL). Another satellite (or another UAS platform) can connect to the gateway via a feeder link. Based on regenerated payloads, a satellite can connect to the data network via a gateway and another satellite. If no ISL exists between satellites, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required. Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is merely an example of an NTN scenario, and NTN can be implemented based on various types of scenarios. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can implement transparent or regenerated (with on-board processing) payloads. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) can generate multiple beams over a designated service area based on its field of view. For example, the satellite's (or UAS platform's) field of view can vary depending on the on-board antenna pattern and minimum elevation angle. For example, a transparent payload can include RF filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated by the payload can remain unchanged. For example, a regenerated payload can include RF filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decryption, switching and / or routing, and encoding / modulation. For example, a regenerated payload can be substantially equivalent to equipping a satellite (or UAS platform) with all or part of the base station functionality.

[0076] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology enabler to obtain information about characteristics of an environment and / or objects within the environment, which uses radio frequency to determine distance (range), angle, or instantaneous linear velocity of objects, etc. The radio frequency sensing function can serve as a device-free object positioning, as there is no need for objects to be connected via devices in the network. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can provide a wide range of new functions, such as various object detection, object identification (e.g., vehicles, people, animals, drones), and high-precision positioning, tracking, and activity recognition. For example, wireless sensing services can provide input to different verticals (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), thereby enabling applications that provide, for example, intruder detection, assisted car maneuvering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, health and activity monitoring, etc. In some cases, wireless sensing can also use non-3GPP types of sensors (e.g., radar, camera) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of the wireless sensing service (i.e., sensing operation) can rely on the processing of the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Thus, wireless sensing can have the opportunity to enhance traditional systems from a communication network to a wireless communication and sensing network. Figure 5 An example of a sensing operation based on an embodiment of the disclosure is shown. Figure 5 Embodiments of the disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the disclosure. Specifically, Figure 5 (a) of FIG. 1 shows an example of sensing (e.g., single station sensing) with co-located sensing receiver and sensing transmitter, and Figure 5 (b) of FIG. 1 shows an example of sensing (e.g., double station sensing) with separated sensing receiver and sensing transmitter.

[0077] Radio interface protocol layers between the UE and the network can be classified into a first layer (L1), a second layer (L2), and a third layer (L3) based on the lower three layers of the open system interconnection (OSI) model well-known in the communications system. Among them, the physical (PHY) layer belonging to the first layer provides an information transfer service using a physical channel to the upper layer, and the radio resource control (RRC) layer located at the third layer controls a radio resource between the UE and the network. To this end, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the UE and the BS layer.

[0078] The physical layer provides an information transfer service to an upper layer through a physical channel. The physical layer is connected to a medium access control (MAC) layer, which is an upper layer of the physical layer, through a transport channel. Data is transferred through the transport channel between the MAC layer and the physical layer. Transport channels are classified into data channels for transferring data and control channels for transferring control information in accordance with how and at what timing data is transmitted through the radio interface.

[0079] Data is transferred over a physical channel between different physical layers, i.e., the PHY layer of the transmitter and the PHY layer of the receiver. The physical channel can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and uses time and frequency as radio resources.

[0080] The MAC layer provides services to the radio link control (RLC) layer, which is an upper layer of the MAC layer, via a logical channel. The MAC layer provides a function of mapping multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. The MAC layer also provides a function of logical channel multiplexing by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. The MAC layer provides a data transfer service through a logical channel.

[0081] The RLC layer performs concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of radio link control service data units (RLC SDUs). In order to ensure different quality of services (QoS) required by radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer provides three types of operating modes, i.e., a transparent mode (TM), an unacknowledged mode (UM), and an acknowledged mode (AM). The AM RLC provides error correction through an automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0082] The radio resource control (RRC) layer is defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer is used for the control of configuring, reconfiguring, and releasing a logical channel, a transport channel, and a physical channel associated with a radio bearer (RB). The RB is a logical path provided by the first layer (i.e., the physical layer or PHY layer) and the second layer (i.e., the MAC layer, the RLC layer, the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, and the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer) for data transmission between the UE and the network.

[0083] The functions of the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) in the user plane include the transfer of user data, header compression, and encryption. The functions of the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) in the control plane include the transfer of control plane data and ciphering / integrity protection.

[0084] The service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer is defined only in the user plane. The SDAP layer performs mapping between a quality of service (QoS) flow and a data radio bearer (DRB), and QoS flow ID (QFI) marking in both a DL packet and a UL packet.

[0085] The configuration of the RB means a process for specifying a radio protocol layer and a channel property to provide a particular service and for determining a corresponding detailed parameter and operation method. The RB can then be classified into two types, i.e., a signaling radio bearer (SRB) and a data radio bearer (DRB). The SRB is used as a path for transmitting an RRC message in the control plane, and the DRB is used as a path for transmitting user data in the user plane.

[0086] When an RRC connection is established between an RRC layer of a UE and an RRC layer of an E-UTRAN, the UE is in an RRC connected (RRC_CONNECTED) state, and otherwise, the UE can be in an RRC idle (RRC_IDLE) state. In the case of NR, an RRC inactive (RRC_INACTIVE) state is additionally defined, and a UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state can maintain a connection with a core network while releasing its connection with a BS.

[0087] Data is transmitted from the network to the UE through a downlink transport channel. Examples of the downlink transport channel include a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages of a downlink multicast or broadcast service can be transmitted through the downlink SCH or can be transmitted through a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). In addition, uplink transport channels from the UE to the network include a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages and an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages.

[0088] Examples of a logical channel belonging to a higher layer than the transport channel and mapped to the transport channel can include a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), a multicast traffic channel (MTCH), and the like.

[0089] A radio frame can be used to perform uplink and downlink transmissions. The length of the radio frame is 10 ms, and can be defined as consisting of two half frames (HF). The half frame can include five 1 ms subframes (SF). The subframe (SF) can be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within the subframe can be determined according to a subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols according to a cyclic prefix (CP).

[0090] In the case of using a normal CP, each slot can include 14 symbols. In the case of using an extended CP, each slot can include 12 symbols. Herein, a symbol can include an OFDM symbol (or a CP-OFDM symbol) and a single carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbol (or a discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbol).

[0091] Table 2 shown below represents the number of symbols (N slot symb ) of each slot, the number of slots per frame (N frame,μslot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe ,μ slot ).

[0092] [Table 2]

[0093]

[0094] Figure 6 A structure of a slot of an NR frame according to an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated. Figure 6 Embodiments of the disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the disclosure.

[0095] Referring to Figure 6 , a slot includes a plurality of symbols in a time domain. A carrier includes a plurality of subcarriers in a frequency domain. A resource block (RB) can be defined as a plurality of consecutive subcarriers (e.g., 12 subcarriers) in the frequency domain. A bandwidth part (BWP) can be defined as a plurality of consecutive (physical) resource blocks ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain, and the BWP can correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N BWPs (e.g., 5 BWPs). Data communication can be performed via an activated BWP. Each element can be referred to as a resource element (RE) in a resource grid, and one complex symbol can be mapped to each element.

[0096] A bandwidth part (BWP) can be a contiguous set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) within a given numerology. The PRBs can be selected from a contiguous set of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0097] Figure 7 An example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated. Figure 7 Embodiments of the disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the disclosure. It is assumed that, in Figure 7 Embodiments of the disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the disclosure. It is assumed that, in

[0098] Referring to Figure 7 , a common resource block (CRB) can be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other end thereof. In addition, a PRB can be a resource block numbered within each BWP. Point A can indicate a common reference point of a resource block grid.

[0099] A BWP can be defined by point A, an offset (N start BWP ) with respect to point A, and a bandwidth (N size BWPA point A can be used to configure a BWP. For example, the point A can be an external reference point of PRBs of a carrier, and subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by a network on a corresponding carrier) are aligned in the point A. For example, an offset can be a PRB distance between a lowest subcarrier within a given numerology and the point A. For example, a bandwidth can be a number of PRBs within a given numerology.

[0100] A sidelink synchronization signal (SLSS) can include a primary sidelink synchronization signal (PSSS) and a secondary sidelink synchronization signal (SSSS) as sidelink (SL) specific sequences. The PSSS can be referred to as a sidelink primary synchronization signal (S-PSS), and the SSSS can be referred to as a sidelink secondary synchronization signal (S-SSS). For example, a length-127 M-sequence can be used for the S-PSS, and a length-127 Gold sequence can be used for the S-SSS. For example, a UE can use the S-PSS for initial signal detection and synchronization acquisition. For example, the UE can use the S-PSS and the S-SSS for acquisition of detailed synchronization and for detection of a synchronization signal ID.

[0101] A physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH) can be a (broadcast) channel for transmitting default (system) information that a UE must know first before SL signal transmission / reception. For example, the default information can be information related to a SLSS, a duplex mode (DM), a time division duplex (TDD) uplink / downlink (UL / DL) configuration, information related to a resource pool, a type of application related to a SLSS, a subframe offset, broadcast information, etc. For example, for evaluation of PSBCH performance, a payload size of the PSBCH can be 56 bits including a 24-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC) in NR V2X.

[0102] The S-PSS, the S-SSS, and the PSBCH can be included in a block format (e.g., a SL synchronization signal (SS) / PSBCH block, hereinafter, a sidelink synchronization signal block (S-SSB)) that supports periodic transmission. The S-SSB can have the same numerology (i.e., SCS and CP length) as a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) / physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) in a carrier, and a transmission bandwidth can exist within a (pre-)configured sidelink (SL) BWP. For example, the S-SSB can have a bandwidth of 11 resource blocks (RBs). For example, the PSBCH can exist across 11 RBs. In addition, a frequency location of the S-SSB can be (pre-)configured. Accordingly, a UE does not have to perform hypothesis detection at a frequency to discover the S-SSB in a carrier.

[0103] In the disclosure, the PSCCH can be replaced with a control channel, a physical control channel, a control channel related to sidelink, a physical control channel related to sidelink, etc. In the disclosure, the PSSCH can be replaced with a shared channel, a physical shared channel, a shared channel related to sidelink, a physical shared channel related to sidelink, etc.

[0104] Figure 8 A procedure of performing V2X or SL communication by a UE based on a resource allocation mode according to an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated. Figure 8 Embodiments of the disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the disclosure.

[0105] Referring to Figure 8 (a), under the resource allocation mode 1, the base station can schedule SL resources to be used for SL transmission by the UE. For example, in step S800, the base station can transmit information related to SL resources and / or information related to UL resources to the first UE. For example, the UL resources can include PUCCH resources and / or PUSCH resources. For example, the UL resources can be resources for reporting SL HARQ feedback to the base station.

[0106] For example, the first UE can receive information related to dynamic grant (DG) resources and / or information related to configured grant (CG) resources from the base station. For example, the CG resources can include CG type 1 resources or CG type 2 resources. In the disclosure, the DG resources can be resources configured / allocated to the first UE by the base station through downlink control information (DCI). In the disclosure, the CG resources can be (periodic) resources configured / allocated to the first UE by the base station through DCI and / or RRC message. For example, in the case of CG type 1 resources, the base station can transmit an RRC message including information related to the CG resources to the first UE. For example, in the case of CG type 2 resources, the base station can transmit an RRC message including information related to the CG resources to the first UE, and the base station can transmit DCI related to activation or release of the CG resources to the first UE.

[0107] In step S810, the first UE can transmit a PSCCH (e.g., Sidelink Control Information (SCI) or a first-stage SCI) to the second UE based on the resource scheduling. In step S820, the first UE can transmit a PSSCH (e.g., a second-stage SCI, a MAC PDU, data, etc.) related to the PSCCH to the second UE. In step S830, the first UE can receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second UE. For example, HARQ feedback information (e.g., NACK information or ACK information) can be received from the second UE through the PSFCH. In step S840, the first UE can transmit / report the HARQ feedback information to the base station through a PUCCH or a PUSCH. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station can be information generated by the first UE based on the HARQ feedback information received from the second UE. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station can be information generated by the first UE based on a preconfigured rule. For example, the DCI can be a DCI for SL scheduling.

[0108] Referring to (b) in Figure 8 , under resource allocation mode 2, the UE can determine a SL transmission resource within a SL resource configured by the base station / network or a preconfigured SL resource. For example, the configured SL resource or the preconfigured SL resource can be a resource pool. For example, the UE can autonomously select or schedule a resource for SL transmission. For example, the UE can perform SL communication by autonomously selecting a resource within a configured resource pool. For example, the UE can autonomously select a resource within a selection window by performing a sensing procedure and a resource (re)selection procedure. For example, sensing can be performed in units of subchannels. For example, in step S810, the first UE, which has selected a resource from a resource pool by itself, can transmit a PSCCH (e.g., Sidelink Control Information (SCI) or a first-stage SCI) to the second UE by using the resource. In step S820, the first UE can transmit a PSSCH (e.g., a second-stage SCI, a MAC PDU, data, etc.) related to the PSCCH to the second UE. In step S830, the first UE can receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second UE.

[0109] Referring to Figure 8of (a) or (b), for example, the first UE can transmit the SCI to the second UE through the PSCCH. Alternatively, for example, the first UE can transmit two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCI) to the second UE through the PSCCH and / or the PSSCH. In this case, the second UE can decode the two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCI) to receive the PSSCH from the first UE. In the present disclosure, the SCI transmitted through the PSCCH can be referred to as a first SCI, a first SCI, a first-stage SCI, or a first-stage SCI format, and the SCI transmitted through the PSSCH can be referred to as a second SCI, a second SCI, a second-stage SCI, or a second-stage SCI format.

[0110] For example, the first-stage SCI format can include SCI format 1-A and / or SCI format 1-B, and the second-stage SCI format can include SCI format 2-A, SCI format 2-B, SCI format 2-C, and / or SCI format 2-D.

[0111] Hereinafter, an example of the SCI format 1-A will be described.

[0112] The SCI format 1-A is used to schedule the PSSCH and the second-stage SCI on the PSSCH.

[0113] The following information is transmitted by means of the SCI format 1-A:

[0114] - Priority - 3 bits

[0115] - Frequency resource assignment - ceiling (log2 (N SL subChannel (N SL subChannel +1) / 2) bits; otherwise, when the value of the higher layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured as 3, ceiling log2 (N SL subChannel (N SL subChannel +1) (2N SL subChannel +1) / 6) bits.

[0116] - Time resource assignment - 5 bits when the value of the higher layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured as 2; otherwise, 9 bits when the value of the higher layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured as 3

[0117] - Resource reservation period - ceiling (log2N rsv_period ) bits, where N rsv_period is the number of entries in the higher layer parameter sl-ResourceReservePeriodList; otherwise, 0 bits

[0118] - DMRS pattern - ceiling (log2N pattern ) bits, where N pattern is the number of DMRS patterns configured by the higher layer parameter sl-PSSCH-DMRS-TimePatternList

[0119] - 2nd SCI format - 2 bits

[0120] - Beta_offset indicator - 2 bits, as provided by the higher layer parameter sl-BetaOffsets2ndSCI

[0121] - Number of DMRS ports - 1 bit

[0122] - Modulation and coding scheme - 5 bits

[0123] - Additional MCS table indicator - 1 bit if one MCS table is configured by the higher layer parameter sl-Additional-MCS-Table; 2 bits if two MCS tables are configured by the higher layer parameter sl-Additional-MCS-Table; otherwise, 0 bit

[0124] - PSFCH overhead indication - 1 bit if the higher layer parameter sl-PSFCH-Period = 2 or 4; otherwise, 0 bit

[0125] - Reserved - number of bits determined by the higher layer parameter sl-NumReservedBits, the value of which is set to zero.

[0126] An example of SCI format 2-A will be described below.

[0127] SCI format 2-A is used for the decoding of PSSCH, where HARQ-ACK information includes ACK or NACK, where HARQ-ACK information includes only NACK, or where there is no feedback of HARQ-ACK information, using HARQ operation.

[0128] The following information is transmitted by SCI format 2-A:

[0129] - HARQ process number - 4 bits

[0130] - New data indicator - 1 bit

[0131] - Redundancy version - 2 bits

[0132] - Source ID - 8 bits

[0133] - Destination ID - 16 bits

[0134] - HARQ feedback enabled / disabled indicator - 1 bit

[0135] - Transmission type indicator - 2 bits, as defined in Table 3

[0136] - CSI request - 1 bit

[0137] [Table 3]

[0138]

[0139] An example of SCI format 2-B will be described below.

[0140] SCI format 2-B is used for decoding of PSSCH, using HARQ operation when HARQ-ACK information includes only NACK, or when there is no feedback of HARQ-ACK information.

[0141] The following information is transmitted by SCI format 2-B:

[0142] - HARQ process number - 4 bits

[0143] - New data indicator - 1 bit

[0144] - Redundancy version - 2 bits

[0145] - Source ID - 8 bits

[0146] - Destination ID - 16 bits

[0147] - HARQ feedback enabled / disabled indicator - 1 bit

[0148] - Zone ID - 12 bits

[0149] - Communication range requirement - 4 bits determined by the higher layer parameter sl-ZoneConfigMCR-Index

[0150] Referring to (a) or (b) of Figure 8 In step S830, the first UE can receive the PSFCH. For example, the first UE and the second UE can determine the PSFCH resource, and the second UE can transmit the HARQ feedback to the first UE using the PSFCH resource.

[0151] Referring to Figure 8of (a), in step S840, the first UE can transmit the SL HARQ feedback to the base station through a PUCCH and / or a PUSCH.

[0152] Hereinafter, positioning will be described.

[0153] Figure 9 An example of an architecture in a 5G system capable of positioning a UE accessing a next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) or an E-UTRAN is shown according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Figure 9 Embodiments of can be combined with various embodiments of the disclosure.

[0154] Referring to Figure 9 , the AMF can receive a request for a location service related to a specific target UE from a different entity such as a gateway mobile location center (GMLC) or can determine to initiate a location service in the AMF itself rather than the specific target UE. Then, the AMF can transmit a location service request to a location management function (LMF). Upon receiving the location service request, the LMF can process the location service request and return a processing request including an estimated location of the UE or the like to the AMF. Meanwhile, if the location service request is received from a different entity such as the GMLC other than the AMF, the AMF can transfer the processing request received from the LMF to the different entity.

[0155] A new generation evolved NB (ng-eNB) and a gNB are network elements of the NG-RAN capable of providing measurement results for a location estimation, and can measure radio signals with respect to a target UE, and can transfer a result value to the LMF. In addition, the ng-eNB can control several transmission points (TPs) such as a remote radio head or a PRS dedicated TP supporting a beacon system based on a positioning reference signal (PRS) for E-UTRA.

[0156] The LMF can be connected to an enhanced serving mobile location center (E-SMLC) and the E-SMLC can allow the LMF to access the E-UTRAN. For example, the E-SMLC can allow the LMF to support observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) by using downlink measurement results obtained by a target UE through signals transmitted from gNBs and / or PRS dedicated TPs in the E-UTRAN, which is one of the positioning methods of the E-UTRAN.

[0157] Meanwhile, the LMF can be connected to a SUPL Location Platform (SLP). The LMF can support and manage different location determination services for respective target UEs. The LMF can interact with a serving ng-eNB or a serving gNB for a target UE to obtain location measurement results of the UE. For positioning of the target UE, the LMF can determine a positioning method based on a location service (LCS) client type, a requested quality of service (QoS), a UE positioning capability, a gNB positioning capability, and an ng-eNB positioning capability, etc., and can apply such a positioning method to the serving gNB and / or the serving ng-eNB. In addition, the LMF can determine additional information such as a location estimate value of the target UE and an accuracy of the location estimate and a velocity. The SLP is a Secure User Plane Location (SUPL) entity responsible for user plane positioning.

[0158] The UE can measure downlink signals through the NG-RAN, the E-UTRAN, and / or other sources such as different global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and terrestrial beacon systems (TBS), wireless local access network (WLAN) access points, Bluetooth beacons, a UE barometric sensor, etc. The UE can include an LCS application. The UE can communicate with a network accessible by the UE, or can access the LCS application through another application included in the UE. The LCS application can include measurement and calculation functions required to determine a location of the UE. For example, the UE can include an independent positioning function such as a global positioning system (GPS), and can report a location of the UE independent of NG-RAN transmission. Positioning information thus independently obtained can be used as assistance information for positioning information obtained from the network.

[0159] Figure 10 An example of a network for measuring a location of a UE based on an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated. Figure 10 Embodiments of the disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the disclosure.

[0160] When the UE is in a connection management (CM)-idle state, if the AMF receives a location service request, the AMF can establish a signaling connection with the UE and can request a network trigger service to allocate a specific serving gNB or ng-eNB. In Figure 10 Such an operation procedure is omitted in Figure 10 It can be assumed in

[0161] Reference will be made to Figure 10A detailed description of network operation procedures for measuring a location of a UE is described. In step a1, a 5GC entity such as a GMLC can request a serving AMF to provide a location service for measuring a location of a target UE. However, even if the GMLC does not request the location service, the serving AMF can determine that the location service for measuring the location of the target UE is needed based on step 1b. For example, in order to measure a location of a UE for an emergency call, the serving AMF can determine to directly perform the location service.

[0162] Thereafter, the AMF can transmit a location service request to the LMF based on step 2, and the LMF can initiate a location procedure to obtain location measurement data or location measurement assistance data together with the serving ng-eNB and the serving gNB. In addition, based on step 3b, the LMF can initiate a location procedure for downlink positioning together with the UE. For example, the LMF can transmit assistance data defined in 3GPP TS 36.355, or can obtain a location estimate or a location measurement. Meanwhile, step 3b can be additionally performed after step 3a is performed, or can be performed instead of step 3a.

[0163] In step 4, the LMF can provide a location service response to the AMF. In addition, the location service response can include information on whether a location estimate of the UE is successful and a location estimate value of the UE. Thereafter, if the procedure initiated by step a1 Figure 10 , the AMF can transfer the location service response to a 5GC entity such as a GMLC, and if the procedure initiated by step 1b Figure 10 , the AMF can use the location service response to provide a location service related to an emergency call or the like.

[0164] Figure 11 An example of a protocol layer for supporting LTE positioning protocol (LPP) message transmission between an LMF and a UE based on an embodiment of the disclosure is shown. Figure 11 An embodiment of the disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the disclosure.

[0165] An LPP PDU can be transmitted through a NAS PDU between an AMF and a UE. Referring to Figure 11 , LPP can be terminated between a target device (e.g., a UE in a control plane or a SUPL-enabled terminal (SET) in a user plane) and a location server (e.g., an LMF in a control plane and an SLP in a user plane). LPP messages can be delivered in the form of a transparent PDU through an intermediate network interface by using a suitable protocol such as an NG application protocol (NGAP) through an NG-control plane (NG-C) interface and a NAS / RRC through an NR-Uu interface, etc. The LPP protocol can enable positioning for NR and LTE by using various positioning methods.

[0166] For example, based on the LPP protocol, the target device and the location server can exchange mutual capability information, assistance data for positioning, and / or location information. In addition, the LPP message can be used for the exchange of error information and / or interruption of the LPP procedure.

[0167] Figure 12 An example of a protocol layer for supporting NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) PDU transmission between an LMF and an NG-RAN node based on embodiments of the disclosure is shown. Figure 12 Embodiments of the disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the disclosure.

[0168] NRPPa can be used for information exchange between an NG-RAN node and an LMF. Specifically, NRPPa can exchange an enhanced cell ID (E-CID) for measurement, data for supporting an OTDOA positioning method, and a cell ID, a cell location ID, etc. for a NR cell ID positioning method, which are transmitted from an ng-eNB to an LMF. Even without information about an associated NRPPa transaction, an AMF can route an NRPPa PDU based on a routing ID of an associated LMR through an NG-C interface.

[0169] Procedures of the NRPPa protocol for position and data collection can be classified into two types. The first type is a UE-related procedure for delivering information about a specific UE (e.g., location measurement information, etc.), and the second type is a non-UE-related procedure for delivering information applicable to an NG-RAN node and related TPs (e.g., gNB / ng-eNB / TP timing information, etc.). Both types of procedures can be supported independently or can be supported simultaneously.

[0170] Meanwhile, examples of positioning methods supported in the NG-RAN can include GNSS, OTDOA, enhanced cell ID (E-CID), barometric sensor positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning, and terrestrial beacon system (TBS), uplink time difference of arrival (UTDOA), etc.

[0171] (1) OTDOA (Observed Time Difference of Arrival)

[0172] Figure 13 is a diagram for explaining an OTDOA positioning method based on embodiments of the disclosure. Figure 13 Embodiments of the disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the disclosure.

[0173] The OTDOA positioning method uses the measured timing of downlink signals received by a UE from eNBs, ng-eNBs, and multiple TPs including PRS dedicated TPs. The UE measures the timing of the received downlink signals by using the location assistance data received from a location server. In addition, the location of the UE can be determined based on such measurement results and geometric coordinates of neighboring TPs.

[0174] A UE connected to a gNB can request a measurement gap for OTDOA measurements from a TP. If the UE cannot recognize a single frequency network (SFN) of at least one TP in the OTDOA assistance data, the UE can obtain the SFN of the OTDOA reference cell using an autonomous gap before requesting a measurement gap to perform a reference signal time difference (RSTD) measurement.

[0175] In this context, the RSTD can be defined based on the minimum relative time difference between the boundaries of two subframes received from a reference cell and a measurement cell, respectively. That is, the RSTD can be calculated based on the relative time difference between the start time of a subframe received from a measurement unit and the start time of a subframe of a reference unit closest to the start time of the subframe received from the measurement unit. Meanwhile, the reference cell can be selected by the UE.

[0176] For correct OTDOA measurements, it can be necessary to measure the time of arrival (TOA) of signals received from three or more TPs or BSs geographically distributed. For example, the TOA can be measured for each of TPs 1, 2, and 3, and the RSTD of TPs 1-2, 2-3, and 3-1 can be calculated for the three TOAs. Based on this, geometric hyperbolas can be determined, and the point at which these hyperbolas intersect can be estimated as the location of the UE. In this case, since there can be an accuracy and / or uncertainty of each TOA measurement, the estimated location of the UE can be referred to as a certain range based on measurement uncertainty.

[0177] For example, the RSTD of these two TPs can be calculated based on Equation 1.

[0178] [Equation 1]

[0179] ,

[0180] In this context, c can be the speed of light, {xt, yt} can be the (unknown) coordinates of the target UE, {xi, yi} can be the coordinates of the (known) TPs, and {x1, y1} can be the coordinates of the reference TP (or another TP). In this context, (Ti-T1) can be referred to as a "real time difference (RTD)" as the transmission time offset between two TPs, and ni, n1 can represent a value related to the UE TOA measurement error.

[0181] (2) E-CID (Enhanced Cell ID)

[0182] In a Cell ID (CID) positioning method, a location of a UE can be measured by geographic information of a serving ng-eNB, a serving gNB, and / or a serving cell of the UE. For example, the geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, the serving gNB, and / or the serving cell can be obtained by paging, registration, etc.

[0183] Meanwhile, in addition to the CID positioning method, an E-CID positioning method can use additional UE measurements and / or NG-RAN radio resources, etc. to improve a UE location estimate. In the E-CID positioning method, although some measurement methods used in the measurement control system of the RRC protocol can be used, generally, additional measurements are not performed only for location measurement of the UE. In other words, a measurement configuration or a measurement control message can not be additionally provided to measure a location of the UE. In addition, the UE can not expect an additional measurement operation requested only for location measurement, and can report a measurement value obtained by a measurement method that the UE can perform in a general manner.

[0184] For example, a serving gNB can implement an E-CID positioning method using E-UTRA measurement values provided from a UE.

[0185] Examples of measurement elements that can be used for E-CID positioning can be as follows.

[0186] - UE measurements: E-UTRA Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), E-UTRA Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx time difference, GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) / WLAN Reference Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), UTRAN Common Pilot Channel (CPICH) Received Signal Code Power (RSCP), UTRAN CPICH Ec / Io

[0187] - E-UTRAN measurements: ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference, Timing Advance (TADV), Angle of Arrival (AoA).

[0188] In this document, TADV can be classified as Type 1 and Type 2 as follows.

[0189] TADV Type 1 = (ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference) + (UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx time difference)

[0190] TADV Type 2 = ng-eNB Rx-Tx time difference

[0191] Meanwhile, AoA can be used to measure the direction of the UE. The AoA can be defined as the estimated angle from the BS / TP in a counterclockwise direction relative to the position of the UE. In this case, the geographical reference direction can be north. The BS / TP can use an uplink signal such as a sounding reference signal (SRS) and / or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for AoA measurement. In addition, the larger the arrangement of the antenna array, the higher the measurement accuracy of the AoA. When the element antenna array is arranged at the same interval, the signals received from adjacent antennas can have a constant phase rotation.

[0192] (3) UTDOA (Uplink Time Difference of Arrival)

[0193] UTDOA is a method of determining the position of the UE by estimating the arrival time of the SRS. When the estimated SRS arrival time is calculated, the position of the UE can be estimated by using the serving cell as a reference cell via the time difference of arrival with respect to another cell (or BS / TP). To implement the UTDOA, the E-SMLC can instruct the serving cell of the target UE to instruct the SRS transmission to the target UE. In addition, the E-SMLC can provide configurations such as whether the SRS is periodic / non-periodic, bandwidth, frequency / group / sequence hopping, etc.

[0194] Table 4 shows an example of a reference signal time difference (RSTD). The RSTD in Table 4 can be applied to SL positioning.

[0195] [Table 4]

[0196]

[0197] Table 5 shows an example of a DL PRS reference signal received power (RSRP). The DL PRS RSRP of Table 5 can be applied to SL positioning.

[0198] [Table 5]

[0199]

[0200] Table 6 shows an example of a DL relative signal time difference (RSTD). The DL RSTD of Table 6 can be applied to SL positioning.

[0201] [Table 6]

[0202]

[0203] Table 7 shows an example of a UE Rx-Tx time difference. The UE Rx-Tx time difference of Table 7 can be applied to SL positioning.

[0204] [Table 7]

[0205]

[0206] Table 8 shows the UL relative arrival time (UL RTOA) (T UL-RTOA Examples are shown in Table 8. The UL RTOA can be applied to SL positioning.

[0207] [Table 8]

[0208]

[0209] Table 9 shows an example of the gNB Rx-Tx time difference. The gNB Rx-Tx time difference in Table 9 can be applied to SL positioning.

[0210] [Table 9]

[0211]

[0212] Table 10 shows examples of UL Angle of Arrival (AoA). The UL AoA in Table 10 can be applied to SL positioning.

[0213] [Table 10]

[0214]

[0215] Table 11 shows an example of UL SRS Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP). The UL SRS RSRP in Table 11 can be applied to SL positioning.

[0216] [Table 11]

[0217]

[0218] Meanwhile, one of the next important features of the 5G NR specification is the introduction of a sidelink protocol designed to support interconnectivity between UEs (even when NG-RAN coordination features are unavailable). In the absence of centralized coordination, some form of self-organizing networking should be employed to keep interference within reasonable limits. Semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) is one such approach.

[0219] However, even when mesh network scheduling is in operation, interference cannot be completely controlled, and unpredictable SNR drops may occur. To address these situations, a correction mechanism is crucial that allows retransmissions in the event of a surge in interference. In data transmission scenarios, such mechanisms (i.e., Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ)) are known technologies and have been successfully applied to various communication standards, including 5G NR SL and 6G.

[0220] In addition to data transmission, the SL protocol is also used for positioning tasks, and specific SL positioning reference signals (PRS) have been introduced in a similar way as the DL PRS for the DL protocol. Although the different positioning reference signals are separated in coding and frequency, mutual interference can still have a significant impact on the positioning performance. Reducing such impact is a main topic of the present disclosure.

[0221] Current specifications do not explicitly introduce retransmission procedures and algorithms for positioning reference signal processing. Instead, there are standard repetition mechanisms in the prior art, where the same SL PRS sequence is simply repeated multiple times without considering whether the reception was successful. However, the repetition can significantly increase the interference level and the probability of collisions, which in turn gives the system a negative net gain.

[0222] However, it can be shown that, especially for SL scenarios (where there is a lot of unpredictable interference), the introduction of a retransmission procedure can be beneficial for the positioning accuracy.

[0223] The sidelink protocol is generally planned for scenarios with low or no transmission coordination, which leads to unpredictable interference.

[0224] Unlike data transmission with a CRC that enables the determination of errors, the evaluation of the positioning accuracy is not defined, and a retransmission protocol is not established. Instead, a repetition (blind retransmission) mechanism can be used for the same purpose.

[0225] An interference-aware retransmission mechanism can be more efficient than a blind repetition mechanism and guarantees the target accuracy, regardless of the randomness of the interference.

[0226] In the present disclosure, a retransmission procedure for positioning and an apparatus to support the procedure are proposed. The retransmission decision is made based on a positioning accuracy metric (typically the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR)). Similar to data HARQ, the accumulation of multiple retransmissions can be done by combining the intermediate results to the final result.

[0227] In the present disclosure, for example, at least one of the following parameters can be used for SL PRS transmission. For example, at least one of the following parameters can be configured or pre-configured for a UE. For example, at least one of the following parameters can be received by a UE from a base station. For example, at least one of the following parameters can be received by a UE from an LMF.

[0228] - SL PRS resource set ID

[0229] - SL PRS resource ID list: a list of SL PRS resource IDs in a SL PRS resource set

[0230] - SL PRS resource type: can be set to periodic, aperiodic, semi-persistent, or on-demand

[0231] - Alpha for SL PRS power control

[0232] - P0 for SL PRS power control

[0233] - Pathloss reference for SL PRS power control: can be SL SSB, DL PRS, UL SRS, UL SRS for positioning, PSCCH DMRS, PSSCH DMRS, PSFCH, SL CSI RS, etc.

[0234] For example, a SL PRS resource set for SL PRS transmission can be configured / defined based on at least one of the following parameters.

[0235] - SL PRS resource ID

[0236] - SL PRS comb size: spacing between REs within a symbol where SL PRS is transmitted

[0237] - SL PRS comb offset: index of the first RE where SL PRS is transmitted in the first SL PRS symbol

[0238] - SL PRS comb cyclic shift: cyclic shift used to generate SL PRS sequence

[0239] - SL PRS starting position: index of the first symbol used for SL PRS transmission

[0240] - SL PRS number of symbols: number of symbols used for SL PRS transmission in one slot

[0241] - Frequency domain shift: lowest frequency location (index) in frequency domain where SL PRS is transmitted

[0242] - SL PRS BW: frequency bandwidth used for SL PRS transmission

[0243] - SL PRS resource type: can be set to periodic, aperiodic, semi-persistent, or on-demand

[0244] - SL PRS periodicity: time domain period between SL PRS resources in units of physical slots or logical slots in the resource pool where SL PRS is transmitted

[0245] - SL PRS offset: time-domain offset in units of physical slots or logical slots in the resource pool where the SL PRS is transmitted, from a reference timing to the start of the first SL PRS resource. The reference timing can be SFN=0 or DFN=0, or the time of successful reception or decoding of an RRC / MAC-CE / DCI / SCI related to the SL PRS resource

[0246] - SL PRS sequence ID

[0247] - SL PRS spatial relation: configurable to SL SSB, DL PRS, UL SRS, UL SRS for positioning, PSCCH DMRS, PSSCH DMRS, PSFCH, SL CSI RS, etc.

[0248] - SL PRS CCH: SL PRS control channel can signal SL PRS resource configuration information, resource location, etc.

[0249] Both absolute positioning and relative positioning based on SL PRS processing include an estimate of the time of arrival (ToA) of the received signal. This can be achieved through a variety of algorithms, such as those based on matched filter processing (threshold, peak approximation) or super-resolution algorithms such as the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm. Simple algorithms such as thresholding have a relatively low accuracy, but are extremely robust to changes in noise and interference levels, whose performance mainly depends on the channel implementation. Conversely, MUSIC processing generally has the highest accuracy among the considered algorithms, but is quite sensitive to additional noise (and thus to mutual interference levels).

[0250] Upon reception of the signal, the possible accuracy of the estimate can be determined. The simplest accuracy metric is based on the computation of the SINR of the received signal. A more accurate and complex way can include a MUSIC-specific accuracy metric such as the residual error or the pseudo-spectrum peak width. Based on the accuracy metric, certain measurements can be considered insufficient to achieve the target accuracy, and a retransmission can be requested.

[0251] A key issue with sensing-based semi-persistent scheduling is that sensing can give the interference distribution at the TX side (initiator), while reception occurs at the other side (responder). To solve this issue, the responder can include its preferred time slots in the retransmission request. In this case, the time slot selection (based on sensing) would be done exactly at the place where reception occurs. This would optimize the actual RX SINR, rather than the presumed SINR measured at the TX.

[0252] Furthermore, the message can contain not only the preferred time slots, but also the preferred PRS configuration, such as (but not limited to) comb factor, comb frequency shift, and / or power boost.

[0253] Figure 14 An example retransmission procedure based on the embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 14 The illustrated embodiments can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0254] Referring to Figure 14 In step S1410, an initial SL PRS transmission can be performed from UE1 to UE2 via a positioning channel. At UE2, the SL PRS can be received and processed using a MUSIC algorithm or any other high-accuracy algorithm. In step S1420, if the selected accuracy metric (estimated SINR or MUSIC specific) is less than a predefined threshold, additional retransmission can be needed. In step S1430, as additional information for the retransmission request, UE2 can calculate the preferred time slots for receiving the retransmission based on its own sensing information. In addition to the preferred time slots, a preferred PRS configuration including power boosting can also be sent. In step S1440, the retransmission request along with the preferred time slots can be sent from UE2 to UE1 via a control channel. In step S1450, the SL PRS can be repeated to perform SL PRS retransmission by using the preferred time slots of UE2 in the request message to UE1. The procedure can continue until the retransmission cap is reached or until the required accuracy metric is met.

[0255] To inform the initiating UE of the necessity of retransmission, a specific message should be introduced in the next generation standard. This message should be equivalent to ACK / NACK for data SL transmission, but should be based on the reception and processing of SL PRS.

[0256] In addition, this NACK (retransmission request) message should contain a preferred time slot indicator and / or preferred PRS parameters such as comb factor, frequency shift, and boosting.

[0257] These messaging should be introduced in the sidelink section of the current specification and / or in the next generation specification.

[0258] For example, in a random interference environment, when deciding on retransmission of a particular positioning reference signal to improve time of arrival estimation accuracy, the retransmission request can include a list of preferred time slots for future retransmission. For example, the preferred time slots for retransmission can be determined by a sensing based procedure. For example, the preferred PRS configuration for retransmission can be determined by a message along with other information. For example, the decision on retransmission request is made based on ToA estimation algorithm specific metrics that approximate accuracy based on received signal processing. For example, in one implementation, the accuracy metric can be defined as the SINR estimation result, while in another implementation, as the MUSIC pseudo-spectrum peak width. For example, the retransmission cycle can stop when the required accuracy is reached or a retransmission upper limit is reached. For example, the final estimation result can be obtained by combining the metrics of all previous transmissions and weighted by their respective accuracy. The combined metrics can include, but are not limited to, previous ToA / distance estimation results or MUSIC specific correlation matrix estimation results.

[0259] The benefits are described below.

[0260] To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed scheme, system level simulation studies have been conducted to evaluate the potential gain of introducing PRS retransmission in a benchmark packet flow. The simulation uses a highway V2V scenario (see 3GPP TR 38.901 V17.0.0 (2022-04) “Study on channel models for frequencies from 0.5 to 100 GHz”) with the general simulation assumptions summarized in Table 12.

[0261] [Table 12]

[0262]

[0263] A more detailed description of the simulation assumptions is as follows:

[0264] (1) UE Linking

[0265] - Only PRS “initial” and “reply” transmissions are modeled

[0266] - Traffic model taken from 37.885 (referred to as 3GPP TR 37.885, Study on

[0267] - Each UE belongs to only one link (pairing) throughout the simulation time

[0268] - Pairing UEs are randomly selected from a circular area with a radius of 100 meters

[0269] - "Initial" packet occurs only once per link during a 100ms period

[0270] - Accordingly, "Ack" packet occurs only once per link during a period

[0271] - UEs with "Initial" transmission inside a pair are selected to be constant during the whole simulation time

[0272] - Repetition / retransmission of packets is modeled

[0273] (2) SCI decoding error (Phase 1)

[0274] - Mapping of channel to SCI BLER is performed according to chapter 4.3.2.1 of IEEE 802.16m Evaluation Methodology document

[0275] - If SCI error phase 1 occurs, no positioning value is available for transmission

[0276] (3) Retransmission ("SINR-based")

[0277] - "ACK" / "NACK" packet transmission is not modeled, but its existence is implied

[0278] - If SINRest >= SINRthr, no retransmission is added ("ACK")

[0279] - If SINRest < SINRthr, retransmission is added ("NACK")

[0280] - If SCI is not decoded (no expected "ACK" / "NACK" exists), retransmission is added

[0281] - Maximum number of transmissions for one packet is limited (set to = 3)

[0282] - Minimum value between transmissions of the same packet is set to equal to 2 slots

[0283] - Random scheduler randomly maps transmissions within a selection window

[0284] - Dynamic scheduler and SPS scheduler use slots selected by sensing procedure for retransmission

[0285] (4) Repetition

[0286] - Repetition is blindly added without comparison to some threshold

[0287] (5) Positioning metric combination method:

[0288] - Maximum SINR transmission: distance measurement with transmission having best SINR is taken

[0289] - Transmission combination: distance is calculated with all transmissions according to the MRC method

[0290] Table 13 illustrates additional simulation parameters (e.g. scheduling / traffic model).

[0291] [Table 13]

[0292]

[0293] A two-packet RTT (Round-Trip-Time) method is used, so during the RTT procedure, each UE in the pair has the ability to request retransmission if the SINR is low.

[0294] For the time of arrival estimation, a super-resolution MUSIC algorithm is used (see Li, Xinrong & Pahlavan, Kaveh. (2004). Diversity Super-Resolution TOA Estimation for Indoor Positioning. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications. 3. 224-234. 10.1109 / TWC.2003.819035). The accuracy of this method is known to be high, but it is also sensitive to the noise level.

[0295] To improve the positioning accuracy, a maximum ratio combining of the correlation matrix estimates is used to improve the performance of the MUSIC algorithm. However, in other embodiments of the application, a direct weighted combination of the ToA estimates of the initial and retransmitted packets can be used regardless of the estimation algorithm.

[0296] Simulation results for the RTT ranging accuracy (final metric) are obtained for different sets of parameters.

[0297] The main factor affecting the performance is the interference level, which is defined by both the UE density and the traffic load.

[0298] The simulation results for different scenarios are summarized in Tables 14 and 15. Table 14 shows the ranging accuracy (m) versus the retransmission threshold for the highway V2V scenario (70 km / h), and Table 15 illustrates the ranging accuracy (m) versus the retransmission threshold for the highway V2V scenario (140 km / h).

[0299] [Table 14]

[0300]

[0301] [Table 15]

[0302]

[0303] It can be seen that the proposed scheme is more advantageous in a severely interfered environment (UE dense deployment (70 km / h) and high traffic density). The positioning accuracy is observed to be improved for each scheduling type applied to the UE, and is particularly effective for SPS and SPS mixed traffic / scheduling types. In contrast, the conventional blind repetition approach degrades for these traffic types.

[0304] Sometimes, when the conventional approach fails, the introduction of retransmission can enable the positioning to meet the B group requirement (90% of the UE positioning accuracy is 0.5 meters) in the 3GPP requirement (see 3GPP TR 38.859 V1.0.0 (2022-12) “Study on NR Positioning Enhancements and Improvements”).

[0305] The simulation results show that the proposed interference-aware retransmission is advantageous compared to both the case of no retransmission at all and the case of using blind repetition (a feature already in the current specification).

[0306] Figure 15 A method of wireless communication performed by a first apparatus is shown based on embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 15 The illustrated embodiments can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0307] Reference Signs Figure 15 In step S1510, the first apparatus can receive, from a second apparatus, a first reference signal for positioning. In step S1520, the first apparatus can transmit, to the second apparatus, at least one of information related to preferred slots or a preferred reference signal configuration. In step S1530, the first apparatus can receive, from the second apparatus, a second reference signal for positioning based on at least one of the information related to preferred slots or the preferred reference signal configuration.

[0308] For example, the first apparatus can obtain at least one of the information related to preferred slots or the preferred reference signal configuration based on a measurement value related to the first reference signal being less than a threshold value. For example, the first apparatus can obtain at least one of the information related to preferred slots or the preferred reference signal configuration based on sensing by the first apparatus.

[0309] For example, at least one of the information related to preferred slots or the preferred sidelink PRS configuration can be included in retransmission request information for the first reference signal.

[0310] For example, the preferred reference signal configuration can include power boosting information.

[0311] For example, the preferred reference signal configuration can include preferred comb factor information.

[0312] For example, the preferred reference signal configuration can include preferred comb frequency shift information.

[0313] For example, the preferred reference signal configuration can include preferred comb size information.

[0314] For example, the preferred reference signal configuration can include preferred comb frequency offset information.

[0315] For example, the preferred reference signal configuration can include information on a preferred reference signal symbol number.

[0316] For example, the preferred reference signal configuration can include preferred time division multiplexing (TDM) index information within a slot.

[0317] For example, the preferred reference signal configuration can include preferred SL PRS bandwidth information.

[0318] For example, the preferred reference signal configuration can include preferred resource pool information for reference signal transmission.

[0319] The proposed method can be applied to an apparatus based on various embodiments of the disclosure. First, the processor 102 of the first apparatus 100 can control the transceiver 106 to receive a first reference signal for positioning from a second apparatus. In addition, the processor 102 of the first apparatus 100 can control the transceiver 106 to transmit at least one of information related to a preferred time slot or a preferred reference signal configuration to the second apparatus. In addition, the processor 102 of the first apparatus 100 can control the transceiver 106 to receive a second reference signal for positioning from the second apparatus based on at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration.

[0320] Based on embodiments of the disclosure, a first apparatus suitable for performing wireless communication can be provided. For example, the first apparatus can include at least one transceiver, at least one processor, and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed, the first apparatus can be caused to perform the following operations: receive a first reference signal for positioning from a second apparatus; transmit at least one of information related to a preferred time slot or a preferred reference signal configuration to the second apparatus; and receive a second reference signal for positioning from the second apparatus based on at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration.

[0321] Based on the embodiments of the disclosure, a processing device suitable for controlling a first device can be provided. For example, the processing device can include at least one processor, and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed, the first device can be caused to perform operations of: receiving, from a second device, a first reference signal for positioning; transmitting, to the second device, at least one of information related to a preferred time slot or a preferred reference signal configuration; and receiving, from the second device, a second reference signal for positioning based on the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration.

[0322] Based on the embodiments of the disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions can be provided. For example, based on the instructions being executed, the first device can be caused to perform operations of: receiving, from a second device, a first reference signal for positioning; transmitting, to the second device, at least one of information related to a preferred time slot or a preferred reference signal configuration; and receiving, from the second device, a second reference signal for positioning based on the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration.

[0323] Figure 16 A method of performing wireless communication by a second device is illustrated based on the embodiments of the disclosure. Figure 16 The illustrated embodiments can be combined with various embodiments of the disclosure.

[0324] Reference Figure 16 In step S1610, the second device can transmit, to the first device, a first reference signal for positioning. In step S1620, the second device can receive, from the first device, at least one of information related to a preferred time slot or a preferred reference signal configuration. In step S1630, the second device can transmit, to the first device, a second reference signal for positioning based on the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration.

[0325] For example, based on a measurement value related to the first reference signal being less than a threshold value, the first device can obtain at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration. For example, the first device can obtain at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration based on its own sensing.

[0326] For example, at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred sidelink PRS configuration can be included in retransmission request information for the first reference signal.

[0327] For example, the preferred reference signal configuration can include power boosting information.

[0328] For example, the preferred reference signal configuration can include preferred comb factor information.

[0329] For example, the preference reference signal configuration can include preference comb size information.

[0330] For example, the preference reference signal configuration can include preference comb size information.

[0331] For example, the preference reference signal configuration can include preference comb frequency offset information.

[0332] For example, the preference reference signal configuration can include information on preference reference signal symbol quantity.

[0333] For example, the preference reference signal configuration can include preference time division multiplexing (TDM) index information within a slot.

[0334] For example, the preference reference signal configuration can include preference SL PRS bandwidth information.

[0335] For example, the preference reference signal configuration can include preference resource pool information for reference signal transmission.

[0336] The proposed method can be applied to an apparatus based on various embodiments of the disclosure. First, the processor 202 of the second apparatus 200 can control the transceiver 206 to transmit a first reference signal for positioning to a first apparatus. In addition, the processor 202 of the second apparatus 200 can control the transceiver 206 to receive at least one of information related to a preference time slot or a preference reference signal configuration from the first apparatus. In addition, the processor 202 of the second apparatus 200 can control the transceiver 206 to transmit a second reference signal for positioning to the first apparatus based on at least one of the information related to the preference time slot or the preference reference signal configuration.

[0337] Based on embodiments of the disclosure, a second apparatus suitable for performing wireless communication can be provided. For example, the second apparatus can include at least one transceiver, at least one processor, and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed, the second apparatus can be caused to perform the following operations: transmit a first reference signal for positioning to a first apparatus; receive at least one of information related to a preference time slot or a preference reference signal configuration from the first apparatus; and transmit a second reference signal for positioning to the first apparatus based on at least one of the information related to the preference time slot or the preference reference signal configuration.

[0338] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a processing apparatus suitable for controlling a second device can be provided. For example, the processing apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the execution of the instructions, the second device may perform the following operations: sending a first reference signal for positioning to a first device; receiving from the first device at least one of information related to a preferred time slot or a preferred reference signal configuration; and sending a second reference signal for positioning to the first device based on at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration.

[0339] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions can be provided. For example, based on the execution of the instructions, a second device can perform the following operations: sending a first reference signal for positioning to a first device; receiving from the first device at least one of information related to a preferred time slot or a preferred reference signal configuration; and sending a second reference signal for positioning to the first device based on at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration.

[0340] Based on various embodiments of this disclosure, the apparatus can transmit or receive reference signals for positioning based on at least one of information related to preferred time slots or a preferred reference signal configuration. This allows for efficient retransmission and / or reception of reference signals and supports reliable positioning services.

[0341] The various embodiments disclosed herein can be combined with each other.

[0342] The following will describe apparatuses to which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0343] The various descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operating procedures described herein can be applied to, but are not limited to, various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0344] The following description will be given in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings / description, unless otherwise described, the same reference numerals may denote the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks.

[0345] Figure 17 A communication system 1 based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 17 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0346] Reference Figure 17The communication system 1 to which various embodiments of the disclosure are applied includes wireless devices, base stations (BSs), and networks. Herein, a wireless device denotes a device that performs communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G new RAT (NR) or long term evolution (LTE)) and can be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. The wireless device can include, without being limited to, a robot 100a, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2), an extended reality (XR) device 100c, a handheld device 100d, a home appliance 100e, an Internet of Things (IoT) device 100f, and an artificial intelligence (AI) device / server 400. For example, the vehicles can include vehicles with wireless communication function, autonomous vehicles, and vehicles capable of performing inter-vehicle communication. Herein, the vehicles can include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones) and / or aerial vehicles (AVs) (e.g., advanced air mobility (AAM)). The XR device can include an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) device and can be implemented in the form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) mounted in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The handheld device can include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or smartglasses), and a computer (e.g., a notebook). The home appliance can include a TV, a refrigerator, and a washing machine. The IoT device can include a sensor and a smartmeter. For example, the BSs and the networks can be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device 200a can operate as a BS / network node with respect to other wireless devices.

[0347] Here, in addition to LTE, NR, and 6G, a wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of the present disclosure can also include a narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. In this case, for example, an NB-IoT technology can be an example of a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology, and can be implemented as a standard such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, without being limited to the above names. Additionally or alternatively, a wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of the present disclosure can perform communication based on an LTE-M technology. In this case, as an example, the LTE-M technology can be an example of a LPWAN, and can be referred to by various names including enhanced machine type communication (eMTC) or the like. For example, the LTE-M technology can be implemented as at least any of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine type communication, and / or 7) LTE M, without being limited to the above names. Additionally or alternatively, a wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of the present disclosure can include at least one of Bluetooth, a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN), and ZigBee considering low-power communication, without being limited to the above names. As an example, a ZigBee technology can generate a personal area network (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards including IEEE 802.15.4 or the like, and can be referred to by various names.

[0348] The wireless devices 100a to 100f can be connected to the network 300 via the BS 200. An AI technology can be applied to the wireless devices 100a to 100f, and the wireless devices 100a to 100f can be connected to the AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although the wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other through the BS 200 / network 300, the wireless devices 100a to 100f can perform direct communication (e.g., sidelink communication) between each other without passing through the BS / network. For example, the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0349] The wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, or 150c can be established between the wireless devices 100a to 100f / BS 200 or the BS 200 / BS 200. Here, the wireless communication / connection can be established through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication), or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, integrated access backhaul (IAB)). The wireless devices and the BS / wireless devices can transmit / receive radio signals to / from each other through the wireless communication / connection 150a and 150b. For example, the wireless communication / connection 150a and 150b can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least a part of various configuration information configuration procedures for transmitting / receiving radio signals, various signal processing procedures (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and resource allocation procedures can be performed based on various proposals of the disclosure.

[0350] Figure 18 A wireless device based on the embodiments of the disclosure is illustrated. Figure 18 The embodiments of the disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the disclosure.

[0351] Referring to Figure 18 , the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 can transmit radio signals through various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). Herein, {the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200} can correspond to {the wireless device 100x and the BS 200} and / or {the wireless device 100x and the wireless device 100x} in Figure 17

[0352] ​The first wireless device 100 can include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and can additionally include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor(s) 102 can control the memory(ies) 104 and / or the transceiver(s) 106, and can be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flows disclosed in the present document. For example, the processor(s) 102 can process information in the memory(ies) 104 to generate first information / signals, and then transmit radio signals including the first information / signals through the transceiver(s) 106. The processor(s) 102 can receive radio signals including second information / signals through the transceiver(s) 106, and then store information obtained by processing the second information / signals in the memory(ies) 104. The memory(ies) 104 can be connected to the processor(s) 102, and can store various information related to the operation of the processor(s) 102. For example, the memory(ies) 104 can store software code including commands for executing a part or the whole of processes controlled by the processor(s) 102 or for executing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flows disclosed in the present document. Here, the processor(s) 102 and the memory(ies) 104 can be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver(s) 106 can be connected to the processor(s) 102, and transmit and / or receive radio signals through the antenna(s) 108. Each transceiver 106 can include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver(s) 106 can be used interchangeably with Radio Frequency (RF) units. In the present disclosure, a wireless device can represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0353] The second wireless device 200 can include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and can additionally include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor(s) 202 can control the memory(ies) 204 and / or the transceiver(s) 206, and can be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flows disclosed in the present document. For example, the processor(s) 202 can process information in the memory(ies) 204 to generate third information / signals, and then transmit radio signals including the third information / signals through the transceiver(s) 206. The processor(s) 202 can receive radio signals including fourth information / signals through the transceiver(s) 106, and then store information obtained by processing the fourth information / signals in the memory(ies) 204. The memory(ies) 204 can be connected to the processor(s) 202, and can store various information related to the operation of the processor(s) 202. For example, the memory(ies) 204 can store software code including commands for executing a part or the whole of processes controlled by the processor(s) 202 or for executing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flows disclosed in the present document. Here, the processor(s) 202 and the memory(ies) 204 can be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver(s) 206 can be connected to the processor(s) 202, and transmit and / or receive radio signals through the antenna(s) 208. Each transceiver 206 can include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver(s) 206 can be used interchangeably with RF unit(s). In the present disclosure, a wireless device can represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0354] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail. One or more protocol layers can be implemented by, but are not limited to, one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 can implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 can generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and / or one or more service data units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flows disclosed in the present document. One or more processors 102 and 202 can generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flows disclosed in the present document. One or more processors 102 and 202 can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including the PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flows disclosed in the present document, and provide the generated signals to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206, and acquire the PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flows disclosed in the present document.

[0355] One or more processors 102 and 202 can be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102 and 202 can be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or combinations thereof. For example, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) can be included in one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flows disclosed in the present document can be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software can be configured to include modules, procedures, or functions. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flows disclosed in the present document can be included in one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204 so as to be driven by one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flows disclosed in the present document can be implemented using software or firmware in the form of codes, commands, and / or command sets.

[0356] One or more memories 104 and 204 can be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 and can store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories 104 and 204 can be comprised of read-only memory (ROM); random access memory (RAM); electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM); electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM); flash memory; a hard disk; a register; other forms of storage; a cash memory; a computer readable storage medium; and / or a combination thereof. The one or more memories 104 and 204 can be internal and / or external to the one or more processors 102 and 202. The one or more memories 104 and 204 can be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 through various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0357] The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can transmit user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the methods and / or operational flows of the present document, to one or more other apparatuses. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functionalities, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in the present document, from one or more other apparatuses. For example, the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202, and can transmit and receive radio signals. For example, the one or more processors 102 and 202 can perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other apparatuses. The one or more processors 102 and 202 can perform control so that the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other apparatuses. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can be connected to the one or more antennas 108 and 208, and the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functionalities, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in the present document, through the one or more antennas 108 and 208. In the present document, the one or more antennas can be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can convert received radio signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals, in order to process received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., using the one or more processors 102 and 202. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can convert user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., processed using the one or more processors 102 and 202, from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0358] Figure 19 A signal processing circuit for transmitting a signal based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 19 Embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0359] Referring to Figure 19 The signal processing circuit 1000 can include a scrambler 1010, a modulator 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a precoder 1040, a resource mapper 1050, and a signal generator 1060. Operations / functions of the signal processing circuit 1000 can be performed without being limited to Figure 19 Figure 18 ​the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of the wireless device. The processing of the code word into the radio signal can be performed by the signal processing circuit 1000 of the wireless device. Figure 18 The processing of the code word into the radio signal can be performed by the signal processing circuit 1000 of the wireless device. Figure 19 The processing of the code word into the radio signal can be performed by the signal processing circuit 1000 of the wireless device. Figure 18 The blocks 1010 to 1060 can be implemented by the processor (102, 202) of the wireless device. Alternatively, the blocks 1010 to 1050 can be implemented by the processor (102, 202) of the wireless device, and the block 1060 can be implemented by the transceiver (106, 206) of the wireless device. Figure 18 The blocks 1010 to 1060 can be implemented by the processor (102, 202) of the wireless device. Alternatively, the blocks 1010 to 1050 can be implemented by the processor (102, 202) of the wireless device, and the block 1060 can be implemented by the transceiver (106, 206) of the wireless device. Figure 18 The blocks 1010 to 1060 can be implemented by the processor (102, 202) of the wireless device. Alternatively, the blocks 1010 to 1050 can be implemented by the processor (102, 202) of the wireless device, and the block 1060 can be implemented by the transceiver (106, 206) of the wireless device.

[0360] The code word can be converted into a radio signal via the signal processing circuit 1000 of the wireless device. Figure 19 The code word can be converted into a radio signal via the signal processing circuit 1000 of the wireless device.

[0361] Specifically, the code word can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by the scrambler 1010. A scrambling sequence used for scrambling can be generated based on an initial value, and the initial value can include ID information of the wireless device. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a sequence of modulation symbols by the modulator 1020. The modulation scheme can include pi / 2-binary phase shift keying (pi / 2-BPSK), m-phase shift keying (m-PSK), and m-quadrature amplitude modulation (m-QAM). The sequence of complex modulation symbols can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by the layer mapper 1030. The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped (precoded) to corresponding antenna port(s) by the precoder 1040. The output z of the precoder 1040 can be derived by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper 1030 by an N*M precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmission layers. The precoder 1040 can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT) on the complex modulation symbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0362] Resource mapper 1050 maps modulation symbols for each antenna port to time-frequency resources. Time-frequency resources may include multiple symbols in the time domain (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. Signal generator 1060 can generate radio signals from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signals can be transmitted to other devices via each antenna. For this purpose, signal generator 1060 may include an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module, a cyclic prefix (CP) inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and an up-converter.

[0363] Able to be with Figure 19 The signal processing procedures (1010~1060) are configured in reverse order for the signal processing procedures used to receive signals in a wireless device. For example, a wireless device (e.g., Figure 18 The receiver (e.g., 100, 200) can receive radio signals from the outside via the antenna port / transceiver. The received radio signals can be converted into baseband signals using a signal recovery unit. For this purpose, the signal recovery unit may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Next, the baseband signals can be recovered into codewords through a resource demapping process, a post-encoding process, a demodulation processor, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be recovered into the original information blocks through decoding. Therefore, the signal processing circuitry (not illustrated) used for receiving signals may include a signal recovery unit, a resource demapping unit, a post-encoder, a demodulator, a descrambler, and a decoder.

[0364] Figure 20 Another example of a wireless device based on an implementation of this disclosure is shown. The wireless device can be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see reference). Figure 19 ). Figure 20 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0365] Reference Figure 20 The wireless devices (100, 200) can correspond to Figure 18 The wireless devices (100, 200) can be configured using various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices (100, 200) may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a storage unit 130, and an additional component 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and (one or more) transceivers 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include... Figure 18 One or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204). For example, transceiver 114 may include one or more transceivers. Figure 18The device comprises one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208). The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory 130, and the add-on components 140, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on programs / code / commands / information stored in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 may transmit information stored in the memory unit 130 to an external source (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface, or store information received from an external source (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit 130.

[0366] The add-on component 140 can be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the add-on component 140 may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device can be implemented in, but is not limited to, the following forms: robot ( Figure 19 100a), vehicles ( Figure 19 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR device ( Figure 19 100c), handheld device ( Figure 19 100d), home appliances ( Figure 19 100e), IoT devices ( Figure 19 100f), digital broadcasting terminals, holographic devices, public safety devices, MTC devices, medical devices, fintech devices (or financial devices), security devices, climate / environmental devices, AI servers / devices ( Figure 19 400), BS ( Figure 19 (e.g., 200), network nodes, etc. Depending on the use case / service, wireless devices can be used in mobile or fixed locations.

[0367] exist Figure 20In the wireless device (100, 200), various elements, components, units / portions, and / or modules can all be connected to each other through a wired interface, or at least part of them can be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110. For example, in each of the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit 120 and the communication unit 110 can be connected through a wired connection, and the control unit 120 and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) can be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110. Each element, component, unit / portion, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) can further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120 can be configured by a set of one or more processors. As an example, the control unit 120 can be configured by a set of communication control processor, application processor, electronic control unit (ECU), graphic processing unit, and memory control processor. As another example, the memory 130 can be configured by a set of random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read only memory (ROM), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0368] Hereinafter, examples of implementing the above-described Figure 20 will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0369] Figure 21 A handheld device based on an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated. The handheld device can include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or smartglasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a notebook). The handheld device can be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a mobile subscriber station (MSS), a subscriber station (SS), an advanced mobile station (AMS), or a wireless terminal (WT). Figure 21 Embodiments of the above-described

[0370] Referring to Figure 21 , the handheld device 100 can include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a storage unit 130, a power supply unit 140a, an interface unit 140b, and an I / O unit 140c. The antenna unit 108 can be configured as a part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of the above-described Figure 20 , respectively.

[0371] The communication unit 110 can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from other wireless devices or a BS. The control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling constituent elements of the handheld device 100. The control unit 120 can include an application processor (AP). The storage unit 130 can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required to drive the handheld device 100. The storage unit 130 can store input / output data / information. The power supply unit 140a can supply power to the handheld device 100 and include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit 140b can support connection of the handheld device 100 to other external devices. The interface unit 140b can include various ports (e.g., audio I / O ports and video I / O ports) for connection with external devices. The I / O unit 140c can input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input by a user. The I / O unit 140c can include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit 140d, a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0372] For example, in the case of data communication, the I / O unit 140c can acquire information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, or video) input by a user, and the acquired information / signals can be stored in the storage unit 130. The communication unit 110 can convert the information / signals stored in the storage unit 130 into radio signals and transmit the converted radio signals directly to other wireless devices or to a BS. The communication unit 110 can receive radio signals from other wireless devices or a BS, and then restore the received radio signals to original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the storage unit 130 and can be output as various types (e.g., text, voice, image, video, or haptic) through the I / O unit 140.

[0373] Figure 22 A vehicle or autonomous vehicle based on embodiments of the disclosure is illustrated. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle can be implemented by a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned / unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc. Figure 22 Embodiments of the disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the disclosure.

[0374] Referring to Figure 22 The vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 can include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a driving unit 140a, a power supply unit 140b, a sensor unit 140c, and an autonomous driving unit 140d. The antenna unit 108 can be configured as a part of the communication unit 110. The blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to the blocks 110 / 130 / 140 of Figure 20 ​

[0375] The communication unit 110 can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, BSs (e.g., gNBs and road side units), and servers. The control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100. The control unit 120 can include an electronic control unit (ECU). The driving unit 140a can cause the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to travel on a road. The driving unit 140a can include an engine, a motor, a transmission system, a wheel, a brake, a steering device, etc. The power supply unit 140b can supply power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100, and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle states, external environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit 140c can include an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, a slope sensor, a weight sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward / backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illumination sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit 140d can implement a technology for maintaining a lane in which the vehicle travels, a technology for automatically adjusting a speed (e.g., adaptive cruise control), a technology for autonomously driving along a determined path, a technology for driving by automatically setting a path when a destination is set, etc.

[0376] For example, the communication unit 110 can receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit 140d can generate an autonomous driving path and a driving plan from the acquired data. The control unit 120 can control the driving unit 140a so that the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 can move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). In the middle of autonomous driving, the communication unit 110 can acquire recent traffic information data from an external server aperiodically / periodically, and surrounding traffic information data from a neighboring vehicle. In the middle of autonomous driving, the sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle states and / or surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit 140d can update the autonomous driving path and the driving plan based on newly acquired data / information. The communication unit 110 can deliver information about a vehicle position, an autonomous driving path, and / or a driving plan to an external server. The external server can predict traffic information data using an AI technology, etc. based on information collected from vehicles or autonomous vehicles, and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicles or autonomous vehicles.

[0377] The claims in the specification can be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features in the method claims of the specification can be combined to be implemented or executed in an apparatus, and the technical features in the apparatus claims can be combined to be implemented or executed in a method. In addition, the technical features in the method claim(s) and the technical features in the apparatus claim(s) can be combined to be implemented or executed in an apparatus. In addition, the technical features in the method claim(s) and the technical features in the apparatus claim(s) can be combined to be implemented or executed in a method.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communications performed by a first apparatus, comprising: receiving, from a second apparatus, a first reference signal for positioning; transmitting, to the second apparatus, at least one of information related to a preferred time slot or a preferred reference signal configuration; and receiving, from the second apparatus, a second reference signal for positioning based on the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration. obtaining, by the first apparatus, at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration based on a measurement related to the first reference signal being less than a threshold value.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, obtaining at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration based on sensing by the first apparatus.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred SL PRS configuration is included in retransmission request information for the first reference signal.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, the preferred reference signal configuration includes power boosting information.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, the preferred reference signal configuration includes preferred comb factor information.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, the preferred reference signal configuration includes preferred comb frequency shift information.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, the preferred reference signal configuration includes preferred comb size information.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein, the preferred reference signal configuration includes preferred comb frequency offset information.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein, the preferred reference signal configuration includes information on a preferred number of reference signal symbols.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein, the preferred reference signal configuration includes preferred time division multiplexing (TDM) index information within a time slot.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein, the preferred reference signal configuration includes preferred SL PRS bandwidth information.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein, the preferred reference signal configuration includes preferred resource pool information for reference signal transmission.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein, 14. A first apparatus adapted to perform wireless communications, the first apparatus comprising: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on being executed, cause the first apparatus to perform operations comprising: receiving, from a second apparatus, a first reference signal for positioning; transmitting, to the second apparatus, at least one of information related to a preferred time slot or a preferred reference signal configuration; and receiving, from the second apparatus, a second reference signal for positioning based on the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration.

15. A processing apparatus adapted to control a first apparatus, the processing apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on being executed, cause the first apparatus to perform operations comprising: receiving, from a second apparatus, a first reference signal for positioning; transmitting, to the second apparatus, at least one of information related to a preferred time slot or a preferred reference signal configuration; and receiving, from the second apparatus, a second reference signal for positioning based on the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slot or the preferred reference signal configuration. the instructions, based on being executed, cause the first apparatus to perform operations comprising:

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, wherein, ​ receiving, from a second device, a first reference signal for positioning; transmitting, to the second device, at least one of information related to preferred time slots or a preferred reference signal configuration; and receiving, from the second device, a second reference signal for positioning based on the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slots or the preferred reference signal configuration.

17. A method for wireless communications performed by a second device, comprising: transmitting, to a first device, a first reference signal for positioning; receiving, from the first device, at least one of information related to preferred time slots or a preferred reference signal configuration; and receiving, from the first device, at least one of information related to preferred time slots or a preferred reference signal configuration; and transmitting, to the first device, a second reference signal for positioning based on the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slots or the preferred reference signal configuration.

18. A second device adapted for wireless communications, the second device comprising: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on being executed, cause the second device to perform operations comprising: transmitting, to a first device, a first reference signal for positioning; receiving, from the first device, at least one of information related to preferred time slots or a preferred reference signal configuration; and receiving, from the first device, at least one of information related to preferred time slots or a preferred reference signal configuration; and transmitting, to the first device, a second reference signal for positioning based on the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slots or the preferred reference signal configuration.

19. A processing device adapted to control a second device, the processing device comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on being executed, cause the second device to perform operations comprising: transmitting, to a first device, a first reference signal for positioning; receiving, from the first device, at least one of information related to preferred time slots or a preferred reference signal configuration; and 20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, wherein, receiving, from the first device, at least one of information related to preferred time slots or a preferred reference signal configuration; and transmitting, to the first device, a second reference signal for positioning based on the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slots or the preferred reference signal configuration. the instructions, based on being executed, cause the second device to perform operations comprising: transmitting, to a first device, a first reference signal for positioning; receiving, from the first device, at least one of information related to preferred time slots or a preferred reference signal configuration; and receiving, from the first device, at least one of information related to preferred time slots or a preferred reference signal configuration; and transmitting, to the first device, a second reference signal for positioning based on the at least one of the information related to the preferred time slots or the preferred reference signal configuration.

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