Laser cutting equipment for ultra-long aluminum profiles for rail transit based on gravity compensation support

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of ultra-long profile processing technology and discloses a laser cutting equipment for ultra-long aluminum profiles for rail transit based on gravity compensation support. The equipment includes a gantry laser cutting machine with a base frame underneath. Supports are uniformly fixedly connected to the base frame, and a positioning mechanism is connected to each support. The positioning mechanism includes a base, which is a cavity structure with an opening at its upper end. This gravity compensation support-based laser cutting equipment for ultra-long aluminum profiles for rail transit effectively solves the problems in existing technologies where ultra-long H-shaped aluminum profiles are prone to bending and deformation after hoisting and placement on the machine frame due to insufficient flexural strength. This leads to deviation between the surface to be cut and the reference surface of the laser cutting head, causing quality problems such as beveled cuts and slag buildup. Furthermore, the bending deformation of the profile prevents it from effectively fitting with the machine frame, further exacerbating the decline in cutting quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultra-long profile processing technology, specifically to a laser cutting device for ultra-long aluminum profiles for rail transit based on gravity compensation support. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of rail transit vehicle manufacturing, ultra-long H-shaped aluminum profiles are often used as the core load-bearing frame. In the processing of this type of profile, two key operations need to be completed by laser cutting equipment: one is to process high-precision splicing grooves for splicing and assembly at the ends of the profile, and the other is to cut positioning and mounting holes on the wing plates of the profile to meet the installation requirements of the components.

[0003] For laser cutting of such extra-long aluminum profiles, the industry's conventional process is as follows: the profile is transferred to the tooling platform of the laser cutting machine frame using a special hoisting device, and then the laser cutting head is driven by the CNC motion system of the equipment to move along the preset trajectory and complete the cutting process.

[0004] The following key issues exist in the processing of extra-long H-shaped aluminum profiles: Due to the small ratio of the section moment of inertia to the length, the profile's overall flexural strength is insufficient, making it prone to bending during hoisting. After the profile is hoisted and placed on the machine tool, the continuous gravitational load during the positioning adjustment process easily causes further bending deformation. This deformation directly causes a deviation between the profile's cutting surface and the preset vertical reference plane of the laser cutting head, ultimately resulting in quality problems such as beveled edges, slag buildup, and excessive perpendicularity. Furthermore, the bending deformation of the extra-long aluminum profile also prevents it from effectively fitting with the machine tool, further exacerbating the decline in cutting quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a laser cutting device for ultra-long aluminum profiles used in rail transit based on gravity compensation support. This device effectively solves the problems in existing technologies where ultra-long H-shaped aluminum profiles are prone to bending and deformation after hoisting and placement on the frame fixture due to insufficient flexural strength. This leads to deviations between the surface to be cut and the reference surface of the laser cutting head, resulting in quality issues such as beveled cuts and slag buildup. Furthermore, the bending deformation of the profile prevents it from effectively fitting with the frame fixture, further exacerbating the decline in cutting quality.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a laser cutting device for ultra-long aluminum profiles for rail transit based on gravity compensation support, comprising:

[0008] A gantry laser cutting machine has a base frame at its bottom, on which supports are evenly fixedly connected, and on which positioning mechanisms are connected;

[0009] The positioning mechanism includes a base, which is a cavity structure with an opening at the top. The base is fixedly connected to a support. The base has symmetrical mounting slots at the front and back. A pushing component that automatically centers and positions the profile is connected in the mounting slot. A lifting seat is slidably connected to the base through a support spring. The upper end of the lifting seat is connected to a lifting component that reduces the sliding resistance during the adjustment of the profile position. An adsorption component that ensures the profile remains stable during laser cutting is connected to the base.

[0010] Furthermore, the pushing assembly includes rotating plates, two of which are rotatably connected in the mounting slot via connecting rods. An adjusting seat is slidably connected to one end of the two rotating plates near the geometric center of the base, and the adjusting seat is slidably connected to the base vertically. A push plate is detachably connected to one end of the two rotating plates away from the geometric center of the base via a connecting seat, and the push plate is slidably connected to the base via a guide rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower end of the lifting seat is provided with a slot that matches the adjusting seat. The lifting seat adopts a magnetic design, and a magnet that is attracted to the magnetic properties of the lifting seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the slot.

[0012] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes support rods, with support rods symmetrically fixedly connected inside the lifting seat. Each of the two support rods is symmetrically rotatably connected to a hinge plate, and a support roller is rotatably connected between the two hinge plates. A limit seat is slidably connected up and down in the lifting seat via a reset spring. A hinge column is symmetrically fixedly connected to the limit seat. The end of each hinge plate near the geometric center of the base is slidably connected to the hinge column. A limit module is symmetrically connected to the lower end of the lifting seat.

[0013] Furthermore, the limiting module includes a wedge block, the inclined surface of which is downward and is slidably connected to the limiting seat by a push spring. The inner wall of the limiting seat cavity is fixedly connected with a limiting block that cooperates with the wedge block.

[0014] Furthermore, a guide groove is provided through the wedge block from top to bottom, and a push bar adapted to the guide groove is slidably connected in the guide groove. The upper end of the push bar is connected to the limiting seat through a second pushing spring, and the lower end of the push bar slides through the lifting seat and extends into the base.

[0015] Furthermore, the adsorption assembly includes a vacuum tube, and multiple vacuum tubes are fixedly connected along a matrix on the lifting base. The lower end of the vacuum tube is slidably connected to the base, and a suction cup is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vacuum tube. A piston is slidably connected in a sealed manner inside the vacuum tube. The lower end of the piston is connected to the vacuum tube through a push spring, and a pressing rod is fixedly connected to the upper end of the piston. An air hole is opened at the lower end of the vacuum tube.

[0016] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0017] 1. In the initial state of this equipment, the lifting seat is in a high position under the action of the support spring, and the adjusting seat is simultaneously positioned at the top by the attraction of the magnet, with the push plate adhering to the base. When the profile is lowered and presses the lifting seat down, the adjusting seat moves down accordingly and drives the rotating plate to rotate around the connecting rod as the axis. The push plate moves outward synchronously under the guidance of the guide rod, accurately pushing the vertical section of the profile to achieve automatic centering and positioning. After positioning is completed, the adjusting seat continues to move down, driving the rotating plate to reset, and the push plate retracts to avoid the cutting area. No manual intervention is required. High-precision centering is achieved through mechanical linkage, ensuring that the surface to be cut is aligned with the reference surface of the laser cutting head, reducing problems such as beveled edges and verticality deviations from the source.

[0018] 2. In the initial state of this equipment, the support roller, supported by the hinged plate, is higher than the top of the lifting seat. After the profile is lowered, it first contacts the support roller, and the limit seat provides stable support under the action of the return spring. During positioning adjustment, the support roller adaptively rotates with the slight displacement of the profile, converting sliding friction into rolling friction, greatly reducing resistance. After positioning is completed, the push bar is triggered by the pressure of the base to unlock the limit, and the support roller moves down to make the profile fit against the lifting seat. The entire process avoids direct contact between the profile and the lifting seat, which protects the surface quality and improves the smoothness and accuracy of positioning adjustment.

[0019] 3. In this equipment, after the support roller is unlocked and moved downward, the profile first contacts the suction cup and closes the port under the action of gravity. When it continues to move downward, the piston is pushed down along the vacuum tube by the pressing rod. A negative pressure is formed at the upper end of the piston, and the suction cup tightly adsorbs the bottom surface of the profile by the negative pressure. The air hole at the lower end of the vacuum tube can balance the air pressure at the lower end of the piston, ensuring reliable adsorption action. The negative pressure realizes the tight fit between the profile and the lifting seat, effectively resisting the small displacement caused by cutting vibration and significantly improving the stability of the cut quality. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base frame, support, and positioning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support and positioning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the positioning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is an exploded structural diagram of the pushing component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the planar cross-sectional structure of the pushing component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the lifting component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adsorption component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle.

[0031] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Gantry laser cutting machine; 2. Base frame; 3. Support; 4. Positioning mechanism; 41. Base; 411. Mounting slot; 42. Pushing assembly; 421. Turning plate; 422. Connecting rod; 423. Adjusting seat; 424. Connecting seat; 425. Push plate; 426. Groove; 427. Magnet; 43. Support spring; 44. Lifting seat; 45. Lifting assembly; 451. Support rod; 452. Hinge plate; 453. Support roller; 454. Reset spring; 455. Limiting seat; 456. Hinged column; 457. Limiting module; 4571. Wedge block; 4572. Push spring one; 4573. Limiting block; 4574. Guide groove; 4575. Push bar; 4576. Push spring two; 46. Adsorption assembly; 461. Vacuum tube; 462. Suction cup; 463. Piston; 464. Push spring; 465. Pressing rod; 466. Air hole. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0034] Example:

[0035] Please see Figures 1-10 This invention provides a technical solution: a laser cutting device for ultra-long aluminum profiles for rail transit based on gravity compensation support, comprising:

[0036] A gantry laser cutting machine 1 is provided with a base frame 2 at its bottom. Supports 3 are evenly fixedly connected to the base frame 2, and positioning mechanisms 4 are connected to the supports 3.

[0037] The positioning mechanism 4 includes a base 41, which is a cavity structure with an opening at the upper end. The base 41 is fixedly connected to the support 3. The base 41 has symmetrically arranged mounting grooves 411. A pushing component 42 that automatically centers and positions the profile is connected in the mounting grooves 411. A lifting seat 44 is slidably connected to the base 41 through a support spring 43. A lifting component 45 that reduces the sliding resistance during the adjustment of the profile position is connected to the upper end of the lifting seat 44. An adsorption component 46 that ensures the profile remains stable during laser cutting is connected to the base 41.

[0038] Specifically, in the initial state, the lifting seat 44 is in a high position within the base 41 under the elastic support of the supporting spring 43. At this time, the top of the lifting component 45 is higher than the top of the lifting seat 44 and is in a locked state. The two symmetrically arranged pushing components 42 are in a retracted state and are in contact with the surface of the base 41.

[0039] When the hoisting equipment moves the aluminum profile above the base frame 2 and lowers it, the horizontal section of the aluminum profile comes into contact with the lifting assembly 45. Its own weight causes the lifting seat 44 to slide downward along the base 41, and the support spring 43 is compressed simultaneously. During the downward movement of the lifting seat 44, the two pushing assemblies 42 sequentially complete the unfolding and retracting actions: during the unfolding phase, the two components act in opposite directions on the two vertical sections of the aluminum profile, driving the aluminum profile to achieve center positioning above the lifting seat 44; during this process, the lifting assembly 45 always keeps the horizontal section of the aluminum profile separate from the lifting seat 44, effectively avoiding the interference of the sliding friction generated by the contact between the two on the positioning adjustment, and significantly improving the accuracy and stability of the centering positioning.

[0040] After the aluminum profile is positioned, the push assembly 42 retracts back to its storage state, thereby avoiding the laser cutting area and preventing the high temperature generated by the laser beam from causing thermal damage to the push assembly 42, thus extending the service life of the component.

[0041] As the aluminum profile and the lifting seat 44 continue to move down synchronously to the set position, the continuous descent of the lifting seat 44 causes the lower end of the lifting component 45 to contact the base 41, thereby triggering the lifting component 45 to unlock. After unlocking, the top of the lifting component 45 is lower than the top of the lifting seat 44, and the horizontal section of the aluminum profile moves down further and fits tightly against the top of the lifting seat 44.

[0042] During this process, the adsorption component 46 attaches to the horizontal section of the aluminum profile and initiates the adsorption and fixing function, which can effectively suppress the slight displacement of the aluminum profile on the lifting seat 44 caused by external vibration during laser cutting, and ensure the positional accuracy of laser cutting from the positioning and fixing stage.

[0043] The pushing assembly 42 includes a rotating plate 421. Two rotating plates 421 are rotatably connected in the mounting groove 411 via a connecting rod 422. An adjusting seat 423 is slidably connected to one end of the two rotating plates 421 near the geometric center of the base 41. The adjusting seat 423 is slidably connected to the base 41 up and down. A push plate 425 is detachably connected to one end of the two rotating plates 421 away from the geometric center of the base 41 via a connecting seat 424. The push plate 425 is slidably connected to the base 41 via a guide rod.

[0044] The lower end of the lifting seat 44 is provided with a slot 426 that is compatible with the adjusting seat 423. The lifting seat 44 adopts a magnetic design, and a magnet 427 that is magnetically attracted to the upper end of the slot 426 is fixedly connected.

[0045] Specifically, in the initial state, the lifting seat 44 is in a high position within the base 41 under the elastic support of the supporting spring 43. With the help of the magnetic attraction between the magnet 427 and the adjusting seat 423, the adjusting seat 423 is synchronously kept at a high position. At this time, the rotating plate 421 is tilted, which causes the push plate 425 to fit tightly against the surface of the base 41.

[0046] As the aluminum profile is lowered, its horizontal section contacts the lifting assembly 45. As the lowering action continues, the aluminum profile pushes the lifting assembly 45 and the lifting seat 44 to move down synchronously. The adjusting seat 423 moves down synchronously under the magnetic attraction. During the downward movement of the adjusting seat 423, it drives the rotating plate 421 to rotate around the connecting rod 422 as the rotation center. Since the push plate 425 is connected to the base 41 in a straight sliding manner through the guide rod, the rotating plate 421 will generate a stable thrust on the push plate 425 during the rotation from the inclined state to the horizontal state, causing the push plate 425 to move away from the geometric center of the base 41. The two push plates 425 move outward synchronously and make precise contact with the vertical section of the aluminum profile, thereby pushing the aluminum profile to achieve reliable centering positioning above the lifting seat 44. The guiding role of the guide rod effectively ensures the stability of the movement trajectory of the push plate 425 and further improves the accuracy of centering positioning.

[0047] Subsequently, under the continuous action of magnet 427, adjusting seat 423 continues to move downward, causing rotating plate 421 to rotate from a horizontal state back to an inclined state. During this process, push plate 425 moves synchronously towards the geometric center of base 41 under the pull of rotating plate 421, thereby disengaging from the vertical section of aluminum profile. This design effectively avoids thermal damage caused by laser beam directly acting on push plate 425 during laser cutting, significantly reducing the risk of component damage.

[0048] After the cutting operation is completed and the aluminum profile is removed, the lifting seat 44 returns to its original position under the elastic restoring force of the support spring 43. At the same time, the magnetic attraction between the magnet 427 and the adjusting seat 423 drives the adjusting seat 423 to move upward and return to its original position. The rotating plate 421 then returns to its initial tilted state, realizing the automatic reset of the entire pushing assembly 42. No additional drive mechanism is required, which simplifies the equipment operation process.

[0049] It is worth noting that the connecting seat 424 and the push plate 425 are detachably connected, allowing the push plate 425 to be replaced according to actual processing needs. By selecting push plates 425 of different thicknesses, it is possible to adapt to the centering positioning needs of various specifications of aluminum profiles, which greatly improves the processing versatility and application range of the equipment.

[0050] The lifting assembly 45 includes support rods 451. Support rods 451 are symmetrically fixedly connected inside the lifting seat 44. Hinges 452 are symmetrically rotatably connected to both support rods 451. Support rollers 453 are rotatably connected between the two hinges 452. Limit seats 455 are slidably connected to the lifting seat 44 through a return spring 454. Hinges 456 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the limit seats 455. The ends of the hinges 452 near the geometric center of the base 41 are slidably connected to the hinges 456. Limit modules 457 are symmetrically connected to the lower end of the lifting seat 44.

[0051] The limiting module 457 includes a wedge 4571, the inclined surface of which is downward and is slidably connected to the limiting seat 455 by a push spring 4572. The inner wall of the cavity of the limiting seat 455 is fixedly connected to a limiting block 4573 that cooperates with the wedge 4571.

[0052] The wedge 4571 has a guide groove 4574 extending vertically through it. A pusher 4575 adapted to the guide groove 4574 is slidably connected in the guide groove 4574. The upper end of the pusher 4575 is connected to the limiting seat 455 through a second push spring 4576. The lower end of the pusher 4575 slides through the lifting seat 44 and extends into the base 41.

[0053] Specifically, in the initial state, the lifting seat 44 is in a high position within the base 41 under the elastic support of the support spring 43, and its lower end remains separated from the base 41; the lower end of the limiting seat 455 is also separated from the lifting seat 44 under the elastic support of the return spring 454, and the lower end of the push bar 4575 does not contact the base 41. At this time, the upper end of the wedge block 4571 does not contact the lower end of the limiting block 4573, and the limiting seat 455 is in a relatively low position within the lifting seat 44, so that the hinge plate 452 maintains a large tilt angle, thereby making the top height of the support roller 453 higher than the top height of the lifting seat 44, providing a reliable support foundation for the downward movement of the aluminum profile.

[0054] When the aluminum profile is lowered onto the support roller 453, its own weight exerts downward pressure on the support roller 453. This pressure is converted into an upward traction force on the limiting seat 455 through the hinge plate 452, causing the limiting seat 455 to move upward a certain distance. During this process, the wedge block 4571 moves upward synchronously with the limiting seat 455 and comes into contact with the limiting block 4573. Due to the obstruction of the limiting block 4573, the limiting seat 455 stops moving upward, thus providing a stable and continuous support force for the support roller 453 and ensuring the positional stability of the aluminum profile during the support stage. Subsequently, under the action of the aluminum profile's gravity, the lifting seat 44 moves the aluminum profile downward synchronously. When the push plate 425 adjusts the aluminum profile for centering, the support roller 453 will adaptively rotate with the slight displacement of the aluminum profile, ensuring the smoothness of the adjustment process and effectively avoiding direct friction between the aluminum profile and the lifting seat 44, which could cause surface damage.

[0055] After the aluminum profile position adjustment is completed, as the lifting seat 44 continues to descend, the lower end of the push bar 4575 contacts the surface of the base 41. Under the abutment of the base 41, a relative displacement occurs between the push bar 4575 and the wedge block 4571. The push bar 4575 pushes the wedge block 4571 to slide back into the limiting seat 455 through the guiding action of the guide groove 4574, thereby releasing the limiting block 4573 from limiting the upper end of the limiting seat 455, allowing the limiting seat 455 to continue sliding upward. At this time, the support roller 453 deflects downward due to the loss of the support of the limiting seat 455, and its top height is lower than the top of the lifting seat 44. The aluminum profile can move down smoothly and fit tightly against the top of the lifting seat 44, creating good contact conditions for subsequent adsorption and fixation.

[0056] After the laser cutting operation is completed and the aluminum profile is removed, the lifting seat 44 returns to its original position under the elastic restoring force of the support spring 43, while the limiting seat 455 moves downward to its original position under the traction of the return spring 454, causing the wedge block 4571 to move out again below the limiting block 4573. The entire lifting assembly 45 returns to its initial state, ready for the next operation. This automatic reset mechanism effectively simplifies the operation process and improves the continuous operation capability of the equipment.

[0057] The adsorption assembly 46 includes a vacuum tube 461, multiple vacuum tubes 461 are fixedly connected along a matrix on the lifting base 44, the lower end of the vacuum tube 461 is slidably connected to the base 41, the upper end of the vacuum tube 461 is fixedly connected to a suction cup 462, a piston 463 is slidably connected in a sealed manner in the vacuum tube 461, the lower end of the piston 463 is connected to the vacuum tube 461 through a push spring 464, the upper end of the piston 463 is fixedly connected to a pressing rod 465, and an air hole 466 is opened at the lower end of the vacuum tube 461.

[0058] Specifically, when the push bar 4575 pushes the wedge block 4571 to slide into the limit seat 455 and releases the limiting constraint on the limit seat 455, the hinge plate 452 rotates, causing the support roller 453 to move down to a height lower than the top of the lifting seat 44, thereby releasing the supporting effect on the aluminum profile.

[0059] During this process, the aluminum profile gradually moves downwards under its own gravity, first contacting the suction cup 462 and sealing the piston 463 opening. As the aluminum profile continues to move downwards, its bottom surface contacts the pressing rod 465, and the pressing rod 465 pushes the piston 463 downwards along the vacuum tube 461 to perform a sealing slide. During the downward movement of the piston 463, a negative pressure environment is formed inside the vacuum tube 461 at its upper end. The suction cup 462 uses this negative pressure to tightly adhere to the bottom surface of the aluminum profile, which can significantly enhance the fixing stability of the aluminum profile on the lifting seat 44, effectively resist the positional displacement that may be caused by external environmental vibrations, and ensure the positional accuracy of laser cutting from a mechanical fixing perspective. The air hole 466 at the lower end of the vacuum tube 461 can balance the air pressure at the lower end of the piston 463 in real time when it moves downwards, avoiding the impact of air pressure stagnation on the smoothness of the piston 463's movement, and ensuring reliable triggering and stable maintenance of the adsorption action.

[0060] It is worth noting that the aforementioned laser cutting equipment for ultra-long aluminum profiles in rail transit based on gravity compensation also has the following advantages:

[0061] Advantage 1: In the initial state, the lifting seat 44 is in a high position under the action of the support spring 43, and the adjusting seat 423 is simultaneously positioned at the top by the attraction of the magnet 427, with the push plate 425 adhering to the base 41. When the profile moves down, pressing the lifting seat 44 down, the adjusting seat 423 moves down accordingly and drives the rotating plate 421 to rotate around the connecting rod 422. The push plate 425 moves outward synchronously under the guidance of the guide rod, accurately pushing the vertical section of the profile to achieve automatic centering positioning. After positioning, the adjusting seat 423 continues to move down, driving the rotating plate 421 to reset, and the push plate 425 retracts to avoid the cutting area. No manual intervention is required. High-precision centering is achieved through mechanical linkage, ensuring that the surface to be cut is aligned with the reference surface of the laser cutting head, reducing problems such as beveled edges and verticality deviations from the source.

[0062] Advantage 2: In the initial state of this equipment, the support roller 453, supported by the hinge plate 452, is higher than the top of the lifting seat 44. After the profile is lowered, it first contacts the support roller 453, and the limit seat 455 provides stable support under the action of the return spring 454. During positioning adjustment, the support roller 453 adaptively rotates with the slight displacement of the profile, converting sliding friction into rolling friction and significantly reducing resistance. After positioning is completed, the push bar 4575 is triggered by the pressure of the base 41 to unlock the limit, and the support roller 453 moves down to make the profile fit against the lifting seat 44. The entire process avoids direct contact between the profile and the lifting seat 44, which protects the surface quality and improves the smoothness and accuracy of positioning adjustment.

[0063] Thirdly, in this equipment, after the support roller 453 is unlocked and moved downward, the profile first contacts the suction cup 462 to close the port under the action of gravity. When it continues to move downward, the piston 463 is pushed down along the vacuum tube 461 by the pressing rod 465. A negative pressure is formed at the upper end of the piston 463, and the suction cup 462 tightly adsorbs the bottom surface of the profile by the negative pressure. The air hole 466 at the lower end of the vacuum tube 461 can balance the air pressure at the lower end of the piston 463, ensuring reliable adsorption. This structure achieves a tight fit between the profile and the lifting seat 44 through negative pressure, effectively resisting the small displacement caused by cutting vibration and significantly improving the stability of the cut quality.

[0064] Fourthly, the base frame 2 of this equipment has evenly distributed supports 3 and positioning mechanisms 4. The lifting seat 44 of each positioning mechanism 4 is connected to the base 41 through a support spring 43. When the profile is placed on the equipment, its weight is evenly distributed to multiple support springs 43. The springs compress adaptively with the load, causing the lifting seat 44 to move down synchronously, forming a multi-point uniform support for the profile. This gravity compensation support structure can balance the force on each section of the profile, reduce bending deformation caused by local stress concentration, and ensure the fit between the profile and the tooling.

[0065] Fifthly, after the cutting and removal of the profile, the lifting seat 44 resets under the action of the support spring 43, and the adjusting seat 423 and the push plate 425 automatically reset via the magnet 427; the limit seat 455 of the lifting assembly 45 returns to its original position under the action of the reset spring 454, and the support roller 453 is raised again. Simultaneously, the push plate 425 is detachably connected to the rotating plate 421 via the connecting seat 424, allowing for the replacement of push plates 425 with corresponding thicknesses according to different profile specifications. Automatic reset reduces manual operation steps, and the detachable push plate 425 broadens the equipment's adaptability, significantly improving continuous operation efficiency and versatility.

[0066] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for ultra-long aluminum profiles in rail transit based on gravity compensation support, characterized in that, include: A gantry laser cutting machine (1) is provided with a base frame (2) below the gantry laser cutting machine (1). Supports (3) are evenly fixedly connected on the base frame (2), and a positioning mechanism (4) is connected on the support (3). The positioning mechanism (4) includes a base (41), which is a cavity structure with an opening at the top. The base (41) is fixedly connected to the support (3). The base (41) has symmetrically arranged mounting grooves (411) on the front and back. A pushing component (42) for automatically centering the profile is connected in the mounting groove (411). A lifting seat (44) is slidably connected to the base (41) through a support spring (43). A lifting component (45) for reducing sliding resistance during the adjustment of the profile position is connected to the upper end of the lifting seat (44). An adsorption component (46) for ensuring the profile remains stable during laser cutting is connected to the base (41). The pushing assembly (42) includes a rotating plate (421), two rotating plates (421) are rotatably connected in the mounting groove (411) by a connecting rod (422). An adjusting seat (423) is slidably connected to one end of the two rotating plates (421) near the geometric center of the base (41). The adjusting seat (423) is slidably connected to the base (41) up and down. A push plate (425) is detachably connected to one end of the two rotating plates (421) away from the geometric center of the base (41) by a connecting seat (424). The push plate (425) is slidably connected to the base (41) by a guide rod. The lifting assembly (45) includes a support rod (451), and the support rod (451) is symmetrically fixedly connected inside the lifting seat (44). The two support rods (451) are symmetrically rotatably connected to the left and right, and the two hinge plates (452) are rotatably connected to each other. The two hinge plates (452) are rotatably connected to each other. The lifting seat (44) is slidably connected to the limit seat (455) through the return spring (454). The lower end of the lifting seat (44) is provided with a slot (426) that is compatible with the adjusting seat (423). The lifting seat (44) adopts a magnetic design, and the upper end of the slot (426) is fixedly connected with a magnet (427) that is attracted to the magnetic properties of the lifting seat (44). Among them, the limiting seat (455) is symmetrically fixedly connected with the hinge column (456), and the end of the hinge plate (452) near the geometric center of the base (41) is slidably connected to the hinge column (456). The lower end of the lifting seat (44) is symmetrically connected with the limiting module (457). The limiting module (457) includes a wedge (4571), the inclined surface of the wedge (4571) is slidably connected to the limiting seat (455) by a push spring (4572), and the inner wall of the cavity of the limiting seat (455) is fixedly connected with a limiting block (4573) that cooperates with the wedge (4571). The wedge (4571) has a guide groove (4574) that runs vertically through it. A push bar (4575) that is adapted to the guide groove (4574) is slidably connected in the guide groove (4574). The upper end of the push bar (4575) is connected to the limiting seat (455) through the second push spring (4576). The lower end of the push bar (4575) slides through the lifting seat (44) and extends into the base (41).

2. The laser cutting equipment for ultra-long aluminum profiles for rail transit based on gravity compensation support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption assembly (46) includes a vacuum tube (461), and multiple vacuum tubes (461) are fixedly connected along the matrix on the lifting seat (44). The lower end of the vacuum tube (461) is slidably connected to the base (41). A suction cup (462) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vacuum tube (461). A piston (463) is slidably connected in the vacuum tube (461). The lower end of the piston (463) is connected to the vacuum tube (461) through a push spring (464).

3. The laser cutting equipment for ultra-long aluminum profiles for rail transit based on gravity compensation support according to claim 2, characterized in that: The piston (463) is fixedly connected to a pressing rod (465) at its upper end, and the vacuum tube (461) has an air hole (466) at its lower end.

Images