Tomato water-soluble fertilizer with synergistic effect of polymorphic phosphorus and sulfur and preparation method of tomato water-soluble fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water-soluble fertilizers, in particular to a polymorphic phosphorus and sulfur synergistic tomato water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.The tomato water-soluble fertilizer comprises a high nitrogen fertilizer, a balanced fertilizer and a high potassium fertilizer, polymorphic phosphorus comprises orthophosphorus, phosphorous and polyphosphate, the adding amount of the orthophosphorus in the high nitrogen fertilizer, the balanced fertilizer and the high potassium fertilizer is 1-19.5%, the adding amount of the phosphorous is 1-5%, the adding amount of the polyphosphate is 0.2-11.5%, and the adding amount of the sulfur in the balanced fertilizer and the high potassium fertilizer is 0.2-11.5%. The addition amount of sulfur is 0-6%. According to the method, a three-section type nutrition system is designed, a phosphorus-phosphite-polyphosphate and sulfur synergistic system is constructed to achieve the triple effects of rapid absorption, disease resistance induction and photosynthetic efficiency improvement, quality defects are corrected, the disease resistance is improved, pesticide dependence is reduced, meanwhile, the tomato product quality is improved, and the tomato yield is increased.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water-soluble fertilizer, in particular to a tomato water-soluble fertilizer with synergistic effect of multi-form phosphorus and sulfur and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tomato is an annual or perennial herb of Solanum lycopersicum belonging to Solanaceae. As an important vegetable crop widely cultivated globally, it has dual characteristics of fruits and vegetables, and plays an important role in food processing, fresh food and nutrition supplement. Tomato is rich in bioactive components such as vitamin C, lycopene, potassium and folic acid, and has the functions of antioxidant, cardiovascular protection, immune enhancement and skin health promotion. Its fruits can be eaten fresh, processed into sauce, juice or canned, and its seeds can be used to extract oil, and its stems and leaves can be used as feed. Tomato is a warm crop, and its suitable growth temperature is 20-25°C, and it needs sufficient light and strong drought tolerance but uniform water supply. It has a wide adaptability to soil pH (5.5-7.0) and prefers fertile and well-drained loam soil. As the "food" of tomato crops, tomato water-soluble fertilizer must match the nutrient demand of tomato crops and the supply of element nutrient raw materials to improve the yield and quality of tomato per unit land area.

[0003] The existing fertilizer products used in tomato production have the following outstanding problems: 1. Inaccurate stage nutrient supply: The existing fertilizer method cannot match the S-shaped absorption curve of "front nitrogen, middle phosphorus and rear potassium" of tomato, resulting in that the potassium supply during fruit enlargement period only meets 60-70% of the demand, the carbohydrate transport efficiency is low, the sugar accumulation is insufficient, and the sugar content of single fruit is generally lower than 6°Brix.

[0004] 2. Single phosphorus form, waste of resources and pollution coexist: Conventional tomato water-soluble fertilizer only contains orthophosphate, and the fixation rate in calcareous soil is as high as 70%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of phosphorus is less than 25%; lacking the synergy of sub-phosphorus and poly-phosphorus, it cannot realize the three functions of "quick-acting, slow-release and disease resistance" at the same time, and the unused phosphorus enters the water body along with the runoff, aggravating the non-point source pollution.

[0005] 3. Lack of synergistic effect of trace elements: The existing formula ignores the coupling effect of sulfur and multi-form phosphorus, and the lack of sulfur leads to the decrease of photosynthetic enzyme activity and the blockage of RuBisCO activation, and the measured net photosynthetic rate Pn is reduced by more than 30%; at the same time, lacking the system resistance induced by sub-phosphorus, the incidence of diseases and gray mold is as high as 30%, forcing farmers to increase pesticide input, resulting in the increase of production cost and the risk of pesticide residues. Therefore, it is urgent to combine the nutrient demand law of high-yield and high-quality tomato to solve the existing problems of tomato water-soluble fertilizer. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a multi-form phosphorus synergistic sulfur-enhanced tomato water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, based on the synergistic effect of orthophosphorus, metaphosphorus and polyphosphorus with sulfur, a systematic solution is proposed for the key problems in the field of tomato special fertilizer, such as "inaccurate stage-by-stage nutrient supply, single phosphorus form, and blank research on the synergistic efficiency of medium element sulfur and metaphosphorus-polyphosphorus". The three-stage precise proportioning (early / middle / late stage) solves the nutrient imbalance problem caused by the existing free fertilization technology or the time-consuming and labor-intensive problem of frequent calculation of nutrient requirements during the growth period; the orthophosphorus-metaphosphorus-polyphosphorus and sulfur synergistic system is innovatively constructed, breaking through the limitations of existing orthophosphorus and polyphosphorus technologies without combining disease resistance function; the sulfur is supplemented during the growth period to realize the synergism of sulfur and orthophosphorus-metaphosphorus-polyphosphorus, correct the quality defects of tomato crops and improve the disease resistance; the metaphosphorus is used to induce systemic resistance to replace ordinary fertilizers with slow effect, reduce the dependence on pesticides, and at the same time improve the quality of tomato products and increase the yield of tomatoes.

[0007] In order to achieve the purpose of the present application, the technical scheme adopted is: A multi-form phosphorus synergistic sulfur-enhanced tomato water-soluble fertilizer, characterized in that: it comprises high-nitrogen fertilizer, balanced fertilizer and high-potassium fertilizer, wherein the high-nitrogen fertilizer, the balanced fertilizer and the high-potassium fertilizer contain multi-form phosphorus and sulfur, the multi-form phosphorus includes orthophosphorus, metaphosphorus and polyphosphorus (all in terms of P2O5, the same below), wherein the orthophosphorus addition amount of the high-nitrogen fertilizer, the balanced fertilizer and the high-potassium fertilizer is 1-19.5%, the metaphosphorus addition amount is 1-5%, the polyphosphorus addition amount is 0.2-11.5%, and the sulfur addition amount is 0-6%.

[0008] The present application takes "orthophosphorus-metaphosphorus-polyphosphorus synergistic sulfur enhancement" as the core innovation, and for the first time realizes the "three-stage precise formula-multi-form phosphorus synergism-medium element bridging" three-in-one technical breakthrough in the field of tomato water-soluble fertilizer, bringing quantifiable yield, quality and ecological benefits.

[0009] In the formula of the present application, orthophosphorus 1-19.5%, metaphosphorus 1-5%, polyphosphorus 0.2-11.5% and sulfur 0-6% coexist in a specific ratio, forming a "rapid-slow-release-disease resistance" triple effect: orthophosphorus takes effect in 3 days, polyphosphorus has a slow-release period of 3-4 months, and the comprehensive utilization rate of phosphorus is increased from 25% to more than 60%; metaphosphorus induces systemic resistance, reducing the incidence of blight and gray mold by 30%-50% and reducing pesticides by 1-2 times.

[0010] After the bridging of sulfur and multi-form phosphorus, the net photosynthetic rate Pn reaches a maximum of 7.76 μmol m -2 s -1 , which is increased by 365% compared with water and 47% compared with the metaphosphorus-deficient treatment; the stomatal conductance Gs is synchronously increased by 2.1-2.3 times, the transpiration rate Tr is increased by 16%-36%, and the output rate of photosynthetic products is increased by 2.5 times, laying a carbon assimilation foundation for high yield in the later period.

[0011] Further technical solutions are: In the high-nitrogen fertilizer, the mass ratio of each element is N: P2O5: K2O = (20-30): (8-10): (8-10); In the balanced fertilizer, the mass ratio of each element is N: P2O5: K2O = (17-20): (17-20): (17-20); In the high-potassium fertilizer, the mass ratio of each element is N: P2O5: K2O = (8-12): (6-10): (35-43).

[0012] The application initiates the three-section water-soluble package of "30-10-10 high-nitrogen seedling raising, 20-20-20 balanced flower promoting, and 10-6-42 high-potassium fruit swelling", so that the potassium supply in the fruit swelling period is increased from the traditional 60% to 95%, the soluble sugar is actually measured to increase by 64.92%-258.03%, the vitamin C is increased by 0.95%-127.22%, the protein is increased by 17.95%-174.36%, the sugar-acid ratio reaches 2.30, and the "high quality and high nutrition" indexes of the high-end market are satisfied at one time.

[0013] Further technical solutions are that the high-nitrogen fertilizer is used in the early growth period, the balanced fertilizer is used in the middle growth period, and the high-potassium fertilizer is used in the late growth period.

[0014] Further technical solutions are that the positive phosphorus sources include monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate and / or potassium dihydrogen phosphate; The sub-phosphorus sources include phosphorous acid, potassium phosphite or sodium phosphite; The polyphosphorus sources include ammonium polyphosphate or potassium tripolyphosphate; The sulfur sources include potassium sulfate and / or ammonium sulfate.

[0015] Further technical solutions are that the nitrogen element N sources include urea, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, potassium nitrate and ammonium sulfate, and the potassium element K2O sources include potassium tripolyphosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate and potassium phosphite.

[0016] The application further discloses a preparation method of the tomato water-soluble fertilizer with multi-form phosphorus and synergistic sulfur, all formula raw materials are respectively crushed, the particle size after crushing is about 100-200 meshes, the mass of each raw material is accurately weighed according to the formula, the raw materials are sent into a mixer, the mixing time is controlled to be 3-5 min, the mixing rate is controlled to be 40-60 rpm, an anti-caking agent is added in the mixing process, the amount of the anti-caking agent is controlled to be 3‰-5‰, the materials are discharged to a finished product bin after the mixing is completed, and then rapid packaging is carried out.

[0017] The application reduces the contact angle of the fertilizer solution to 21.6-21.9 degrees, reduces more than 30% than water, and reduces about 18% than the traditional formula, and the utilization rates of nitrogen and potassium are increased by 8-12 percentage points.

[0018] The application also discloses application of the tomato water-soluble fertilizer with multiple morphologies and phosphorus-sulfur synergistic effect, and the tomato water-soluble fertilizer is characterized in that: high-nitrogen fertilizer is applied for several times in the growth early stage, balanced fertilizer is applied for several times in the growth middle stage, and high-potassium fertilizer is applied for several times in the growth late stage; wherein, the growth early stage refers to the period from planting to flower bud differentiation stage; the growth middle stage refers to the flowering and fruit setting period; and the growth late stage refers to the period from fruit enlargement to harvesting stage.

[0019] Field verification shows that the theoretical yield is up to 4253 kg / acre hm -2 , the yield is increased by 52.6% than that of the comparative example, the net income per acre is increased by 5780 yuan, the input-output ratio is 1:22, the fruit hardness is 16.07 N, the storage and transportation loss is expected to be reduced by 30%, and the rate of commercial fruits is increased by 18%.

[0020] The water-soluble fertilizer without residue can be directly used for green and organic tomato production, the polyphosphorus slow release reduces the phosphorus loss by 40%, the phosphorus substitutes part of pesticides, and the ecological benefit is remarkable.

[0021] The application solves four industry pain points of "fertilizer precision, single phosphorus form, microelement synergy, yield and quality synchronous improvement" through the four-element synergy of "orthophosphorus, phosphorus, polyphosphorus and sulfur", and forms a replicable, popularized, efficient, green and high-value tomato water-soluble fertilizer technical system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The contact angle diagram (instantaneous contact angle picture, not representing the average value) of water, the comparative example 2 and the example 10 corresponding to the 30-10-10 ratio and the 10-6-42 ratio. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the application, and are not used to limit the application. If the specific technology or condition is not specified in the examples, the technology or condition is described in the literature or according to the product manual. If the reagent or instrument is not specified by the manufacturer, it is a conventional product that can be purchased.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, the percentage sign in the application represents the mass fraction. The ratio is the mass ratio, and the concentration is the mass concentration.

[0025] Based on its dynamic design of nutritional requirements, taking into account the water-soluble and functional properties of the package fertilizer, unless otherwise specified, the following table represents the percentage of each element in 100 parts by mass of the fertilizer.

[0026] The existing fertilizer products used in tomato production have the following outstanding problems: (1) Inaccurate stage-by-stage nutrient supply for tomato crops: Although existing technologies propose the concept of stage-by-stage fertilization, the matching degree of nutrient ratio to tomato physiological needs is still insufficient. Traditional fertilizers fail to significantly increase the proportion of potassium nutrition during the fruit enlargement period, resulting in low carbohydrate transport efficiency and insufficient sugar accumulation in fruits. Studies have shown that the absorption of potassium by tomatoes is as high as 6.05 g / plant during 81-120 days after planting, but the potassium supply of conventional fertilizers during this critical period can only meet 60-70% of the demand. Existing technologies CN113354488A and CN112723934A design water-soluble fertilizer formulations for different stages of tomato growth, but do not study the synergistic effect of orthophosphorus, metaphosphorus, and polyphosphorus with sulfur.

[0027] (2) Single phosphorus form in tomato special fertilizer: Traditional phosphorus fertilizers (such as monoammonium phosphate) have a fixation rate as high as 70% in calcareous soils, causing resource waste and environmental pollution. Existing technologies only contain orthophosphorus and do not form a synergistic system with metaphosphorus and polyphosphorus, which cannot achieve the triple effect of "rapid absorption-inducing disease resistance-slow release synergism".

[0028] (3) Poor coordination of medium elements: The key role of key micronutrients in tomato growth periods is not fully recognized. Existing technologies do not study the synergistic effect of orthophosphorus, metaphosphorus, and polyphosphorus with sulfur, and lack a synergistic effect scheme for sulfur and metaphosphorus-polyphosphorus nutrients. In actual application, the incidence of photosynthetic restriction in tomatoes due to sulfur deficiency is still as high as 30%.

[0029] Therefore, in the first aspect, embodiments of the present application combine the nutrient demand rules of high-yield and high-quality tomatoes to provide a tomato water-soluble fertilizer with synergistic effect of multi-form phosphorus and sulfur, which includes high-nitrogen fertilizer, balanced fertilizer, and high-potassium fertilizer. The high-nitrogen fertilizer, balanced fertilizer, and high-potassium fertilizer contain multi-form phosphorus and sulfur. The multi-form phosphorus includes orthophosphorus, metaphosphorus, and polyphosphorus (all in terms of P2O5). The orthophosphorus addition amount of the high-nitrogen fertilizer, balanced fertilizer, and high-potassium fertilizer is 1-19.5%, the metaphosphorus addition amount is 1-5%, the polyphosphorus addition amount is 0.2-11.5%, and the sulfur addition amount is 0-6%.

[0030] The phosphorus (P2O3) is added in an amount of 1-5%, which cannot be used as a direct nutrient phosphorus source, but has the function of inducing tomato systemic disease resistance, effectively preventing and controlling blight and gray mold, and has a slow-release period of 3-4 months in the soil; the polyphosphorus (P2O5) is added in an amount of 0.2-11.5%, which can improve the comprehensive utilization rate of phosphorus to more than 60% through the slow-release characteristics; and the sulfur element is preferably added in an amount of 0-6%, which is a key medium element, enhances the activity of photosynthetic enzymes, and promotes the absorption and transport of phosphorus.

[0031] The above tomato water-soluble fertilizer forms a fertilization package, realizing the barrier-free application of the fertilizer in the drip irrigation system.

[0032] The synergistic mechanism of the multi-form phosphorus of the tomato water-soluble fertilizer is as follows: Orthophosphorus is the main phosphorus form that can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants, which can quickly supplement the phosphorus nutrition required for plant growth, promote root development and photosynthesis, and improve crop yield and quality.

[0033] Metaphosphorus has strong reducing property, which can inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms in the soil, reduce the occurrence of diseases, and slowly convert into orthophosphorus in the soil to provide sustained phosphorus supply for plants.

[0034] Polyphosphorus is a high-efficiency slow-release phosphorus source, and the multiple phosphoric acid groups in its molecular structure are connected through condensation reaction, which can slowly hydrolyze in the soil to release orthophosphorus, prolong the effective supply period of phosphorus fertilizer, and reduce the loss and fixation of phosphorus.

[0035] When the three synergize, orthophosphorus provides rapid phosphorus nutrition, metaphosphorus regulates the soil microbial environment and slowly releases phosphorus, and polyphosphorus serves as a long-acting phosphorus source, which together improves the utilization efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer, enhances the stress resistance of plants, and promotes the healthy growth of plants, thereby realizing the synergistic effect of phosphorus fertilizer.

[0036] The synergistic mechanism of sulfur element and multi-form phosphorus (orthophosphorus, metaphosphorus, and polyphosphorus) mainly reflects in promoting plant nutrient absorption, improving soil environment, and improving plant physiological functions.

[0037] Sulfur can enhance the root activity of plants, promote the absorption of phosphorus by roots, regulate the acid-base balance of soil, optimize the rhizosphere environment, and make the phosphorus in the soil more easily utilized by plants. Multi-form phosphorus quickly supplements the phosphorus nutrition required by plants through orthophosphorus, inhibits soil pathogenic bacteria through metaphosphorus, slowly releases phosphorus, and prolongs the effective supply period of phosphorus fertilizer through polyphosphorus, which together improves the utilization efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer. In addition, the synergistic effect of sulfur and multi-form phosphorus can induce plants to express genes related to phosphorus starvation, enhance the stress resistance of plants, and reduce the negative impact of environmental stress on plant growth.

[0038] The synergistic effect can also optimize the distribution of phosphorus in the plant, promote the accumulation of sugar and vitamin C in the fruit, and reduce the content of nitrate, thereby improving the quality and yield of the fruit.

[0039] As one of the embodiments: The high-nitrogen fertilizer formula is N: P2O5: K2O =(20-30):(8-10):(8-10).

[0040] The balanced fertilizer formula is N: P2O5: K2O =(17-20):(17-20):(17-20).

[0041] The high-potassium fertilizer formula is N: P2O5: K2O =(8-12):(6-10):(35-43).

[0042] As one of the embodiments, the high-nitrogen fertilizer is used in the early growth stage, the balanced fertilizer is used in the middle growth stage, and the high-potassium fertilizer is used in the late growth stage.

[0043] Further, the embodiment of the present application is a three-stage special full water-soluble fertilizer system of tomato "high-nitrogen fertilizer in early stage-balanced fertilizer in middle stage-high-potassium fertilizer in late stage" in the whole growth period, and different formulas are designed according to the physiological needs of each stage; a "orthophosphorus-metaphosphorus-polyphosphorus-sulfur" multi-element synergistic system is constructed.

[0044] As one of the embodiments, the source of orthophosphorus includes: monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate; The source of metaphosphorus includes: metaphosphoric acid, potassium metaphosphate or sodium metaphosphate; the source of polyphosphorus includes: ammonium polyphosphate or potassium tripolyphosphate; the source of sulfur includes: potassium sulfate and / or ammonium sulfate. Among them, ammonium polyphosphate provides 5-10% orthophosphorus, and ammonium polyphosphate provides 90-95% polyphosphorus.

[0045] As one of the embodiments, the source of nitrogen element N includes urea, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and the source of potassium element K2O includes potassium tripolyphosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, potassium metaphosphate and potassium chloride.

[0046] The agricultural raw materials selected by the embodiment of the present application can include: urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, nitroammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride, diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate, metaphosphoric acid, potassium metaphosphate, sodium metaphosphate, potassium tripolyphosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, etc.

[0047] On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application also provides a preparation method of a tomato water-soluble fertilizer with multi-form phosphorus synergistic sulfur, comprising: All formula raw materials are respectively pulverized, the particle size after pulverization is about 80-100 meshes, the mass of each raw material is accurately weighed according to the formula, and then the raw material is sent into a mixer, the mixing time is controlled to be 3-5 min, the mixing rate is controlled to be 40-60 rpm, an anti-caking agent is added in the mixing process, the amount of the anti-caking agent is controlled to be 3‰-5‰, after the mixing is completed, the material is discharged to a finished product bin, and then rapid packaging is performed to obtain water-soluble fertilizers of various formulas. The anti-caking agent can be saturated fatty amide or sodium polyglutamate.

[0048] In another aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides an application of the multi-form phosphate synergistic sulfur synergistic tomato water-soluble fertilizer, based on the multi-form phosphate synergistic sulfur synergistic tomato water-soluble fertilizer, comprising: applying high-nitrogen fertilizer several times in the early growth stage, applying balanced fertilizer several times in the middle growth stage, and applying high-potassium fertilizer several times in the late growth stage. Among them, the early growth stage refers to the stage from planting to flower bud differentiation; the middle growth stage refers to the flowering and fruit setting period; and the late growth stage refers to the stage from fruit enlargement to harvesting.

[0049] In order to further illustrate the present application, the multi-form phosphate synergistic sulfur synergistic tomato water-soluble fertilizer and the preparation method thereof provided by the present application are described in detail below in combination with examples.

[0050] Example 1 The multi-form phosphate synergistic sulfur synergistic tomato water-soluble fertilizer of the present embodiment is composed of the following formula: The high-nitrogen formula 30-10-10 (N:P2O5:K2O=30:10:10) is composed of the following parts of raw materials: urea 59 parts, MAP (ammonium dihydrogen phosphate) 16 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 1.3 parts, potassium sulfate 19 parts, ammonium sulfate 2.7 parts, and potassium phosphite 2 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus (P2O5) is 9.91%, the addition amount of phosphorus (P2O3) is 1.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus (P2O5) is 0.6%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 4.05%.

[0051] The balanced formula 20-20-20 (N: P2O5: K2O =20:20:20) is composed of the following parts of raw materials: urea 25 parts, MAP 31.3 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 2.7 parts, potassium nitrate 39 parts, and potassium phosphite 2 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus (P2O5) is 19.21%, the addition amount of phosphorus (P2O3) is 1.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus (P2O5) is 1.09%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 0%.

[0052] High potassium formula 10-6-42 (N: P2O5: K2O = 10:6:42) is composed of the following parts of raw materials: MAP 10 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 1 part, potassium sulfate 18.1 parts, potassium nitrate 68.9 parts, and potassium phosphite 2 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus (P2O5) is 6.15%, the addition amount of phosphorus (P2O3) is 1.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus (P2O5) is 0.41%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 3.26%.

[0053] The raw materials are respectively crushed, and after crushing, they are passed through a 100 mesh screen. The mass of each raw material is accurately weighed according to the above-mentioned proportion, and then it is sent into the mixer. The mixer speed is set to 40 rpm, and the mixing time is 3 minutes. During mixing, 3‰ anti-caking agent (saturated fatty amide) is sprayed. After mixing is completed, the material is discharged to the finished product bin, and then rapid packaging is carried out.

[0054] Among them, the high nitrogen formula is used for the early growth stage of tomato, i.e. from planting to flower bud differentiation stage, about 30-50 days. The balanced formula is used for the middle growth stage of tomato, i.e. flowering and fruit setting stage, about 50-80 days. The high potassium formula is used for the late growth stage of tomato, i.e. fruit enlargement to harvesting stage, 80 days to the end.

[0055] Example 2 The multi-form phosphorus synergistic sulfur enhancing tomato water-soluble fertilizer of this embodiment is composed of the following formula: High nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 60 parts, MAP 16 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 1.4 parts, potassium sulfate 17 parts, ammonium sulfate 1.6 parts, and potassium phosphite 4 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 9.92%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 2.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 0.65%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 3.44%.

[0056] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 25 parts, MAP 31 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 2.8 parts, potassium nitrate 37.2 parts, and potassium phosphite 4 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 19.04%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 2.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 1.13%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 0%.

[0057] High potassium formula 10-6-42: MAP 10 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 1.1 parts, potassium sulfate 18.1 parts, potassium nitrate 66.8 parts, and potassium phosphite 4 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 6.15%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 2.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 0.45%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 3.26%. The mixer speed of this embodiment is set to 50 rpm, the mixing time is 4 minutes, and 4‰ anti-caking agent (saturated fatty amide) is sprayed during mixing. After mixing is completed, the material is discharged to the finished product bin, and then rapid packaging is carried out. The rest of the method is the same as in Example 1.

[0058] Example 3 The multi-form phosphorus synergistic sulfur enhancing tomato water-soluble fertilizer of this embodiment is composed of the following formula: High nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 60 parts, MAP 15.5 parts, polyphosphate ammonium 1.5 parts, potassium sulfate 16 parts, ammonium sulfate 1 part, potassium phosphite 6 parts. Among them, the positive phosphorus addition amount is 9.63%, the phosphorus addition amount is 3.0%, the polyphosphorus addition amount is 0.7%, and the sulfur addition amount is 3.12%.

[0059] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 25 parts, MAP 30.8 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 3 parts, potassium nitrate 35.2 parts, potassium phosphite 6 parts. Among them, the positive phosphorus addition amount is 18.92%, the phosphorus addition amount is 3.0%, the polyphosphorus addition amount is 1.22%, and the sulfur addition amount is 0%.

[0060] High potassium formula 10-6-42: urea 0.6 parts, MAP 9.2 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 1.2 parts, potassium sulfate 17.5 parts, potassium nitrate 65.5 parts, potassium phosphite 6 parts. Among them, the positive phosphorus addition amount is 5.67%, the phosphorus addition amount is 3.0%, the polyphosphorus addition amount is 0.49%, and the sulfur addition amount is 3.15%. The speed of the mixer in this example is set to 60 rpm, and the mixing time is 5 minutes. 3‰ anti-caking agent (sodium polyglutamate) is sprayed during mixing, and the rest of the method is the same as in Example 1.

[0061] Example 4 The multi-form phosphate synergistic sulfur-enhancing water-soluble fertilizer for tomatoes of this example is composed of the following formula: High nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 60 parts, MAP 15.5 parts, polyphosphate ammonium 1.6 parts, potassium sulfate 14 parts, ammonium sulfate 0.9 parts, potassium phosphite 8 parts. Among them, the positive phosphorus addition amount is 9.64%, the phosphorus addition amount is 4.0%, the polyphosphorus addition amount is 0.74%, and the sulfur addition amount is 2.73%.

[0062] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 24.5 parts, MAP 31 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 3 parts, potassium nitrate 33.5 parts, potassium phosphite 8 parts. Among them, the positive phosphorus addition amount is 19.05%, the phosphorus addition amount is 4.0%, the polyphosphorus addition amount is 1.22%, and the sulfur addition amount is 0%.

[0063] High potassium formula 10-6-42: urea 1 part, MAP 9 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 1.3 parts, potassium sulfate 17.4 parts, potassium nitrate 63.3 parts, potassium phosphite 8 parts. Among them, the positive phosphorus addition amount is 5.55%, the phosphorus addition amount is 4.0%, the polyphosphorus addition amount is 0.53%, and the sulfur addition amount is 3.13%. The raw materials in this example are crushed to 80 mesh, the speed of the mixer is set to 45 rpm, and the mixing time is 4 minutes. 5‰ anti-caking agent (sodium polyglutamate) is sprayed during mixing, and the rest of the method is the same as in Example 1.

[0064] Example 5 The multi-form phosphorus synergistic sulfur-enhancing tomato water-soluble fertilizer of the embodiment is composed of the following formula: High-nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 60 parts, MAP 14.9 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 1.7 parts, potassium sulfate 12.5 parts, ammonium sulfate 0.9 parts, potassium phosphite 10 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 9.29%, the addition amount of phosphite is 5.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 0.79%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 2.46%.

[0065] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 25.3 parts, MAP 31.2 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 3.2 parts, potassium nitrate 30.3 parts, potassium phosphite 10 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 19.18%, the addition amount of phosphite is 5.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 1.30%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 0%.

[0066] High-potassium formula 10-6-42: urea 0.7 parts, MAP 9 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 1.4 parts, potassium sulfate 17.4 parts, potassium nitrate 61.5 parts, potassium phosphite 10 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 5.55%, the addition amount of phosphite is 5.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 0.57%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 3.13%. In this embodiment, the raw materials are crushed to 90 mesh, the speed of the mixer is set to 55 rpm, the mixing time is 5 minutes, 4‰ anti-caking agent (sodium polyglutamate) is sprayed during mixing, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0067] Example 6 The multi-form phosphorus synergistic sulfur-enhancing tomato water-soluble fertilizer of the embodiment is composed of the following formula: High-nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 59 parts, MAP 11.1 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 6.2 parts, potassium sulfate 19 parts, ammonium sulfate 2.7 parts, potassium phosphite 2 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 7.49%, the addition amount of phosphite is 1.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 2.88%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 4.05%.

[0068] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 27 parts, MAP 23.4 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 2.7 parts, potassium nitrate 27 parts, ammonium sulfate 7.5 parts, potassium phosphite 2 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 14.86%, the addition amount of phosphite is 1.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 5.31%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 1.76%.

[0069] High-potassium formula 10-6-42: MAP 6.9 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 4.5 parts, potassium sulfate 15 parts, potassium nitrate 68.4 parts, ammonium sulfate 3.2 parts, potassium phosphite 2 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 4.41%, the addition amount of phosphite is 1.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 1.82%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 3.45%. In this embodiment, the speed of the mixer is set to 50 rpm, the mixing time is 3 minutes, 3‰ anti-caking agent (saturated fatty amide) is sprayed during mixing, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0070] Example 7 The multi-form phosphorus synergistic sulfur-enhanced tomato water-soluble fertilizer of the present example is composed of the following formula: High-nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 59 parts, MAP 10.7 parts, polyphosphate 6.7 parts, potassium sulfate 17 parts, ammonium sulfate 2.6 parts, potassium phosphite 4 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 7.30%, the addition amount of phosphite is 2.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 3.11%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 3.67%.

[0071] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 27 parts, MAP 23.3 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 13.9 parts, potassium nitrate 25.6 parts, ammonium sulfate 6.2 parts, potassium phosphite 4 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 14.84%, the addition amount of phosphite is 2.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 5.63%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 1.46%.

[0072] High-potassium formula 10-6-42: urea 1.1 parts, MAP 6.6 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 5.2 parts, potassium sulfate 15.5 parts, potassium nitrate 65 parts, ammonium sulfate 2.6 parts, potassium phosphite 4 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 4.26%, the addition amount of phosphite is 2.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 2.11%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 3.40%. The speed of the mixer of the present example is set to 45 rpm, and the mixing time is 4 min. 5‰ anti-caking agent (saturated fatty amide) is sprayed during mixing, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0073] Example 8 The multi-form phosphorus synergistic sulfur-enhanced tomato water-soluble fertilizer of the present example is composed of the following formula: High-nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 59 parts, MAP 10.3 parts, polyphosphate 7.4 parts, potassium sulfate 15 parts, ammonium sulfate 2.3 parts, potassium phosphite 6 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 7.14%, the addition amount of phosphite is 3.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 3.43%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 3.24%.

[0074] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 29 parts, MAP 22.5 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 14.5 parts, potassium nitrate 22.5 parts, ammonium sulfate 5.5 parts, potassium phosphite 6 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 14.38%, the addition amount of phosphite is 3.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 5.87%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 1.29%.

[0075] High potassium formula 10-6-42 consists of the following parts of raw materials, urea 2 parts, MAP 5.8 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 5.6 parts, potassium sulfate 16.5 parts, potassium nitrate 62.5 parts, ammonium sulfate 1.6 parts, potassium phosphite 6 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 3.79%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 3.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 2.27%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 3.35%. The raw materials of this embodiment are crushed to 90 mesh, the speed of the mixer is set to 60 rpm, the mixing time is 5 min, 5‰ anti-caking agent (saturated fatty amide) is sprayed during mixing, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0076] Example 9 The multi-form phosphorus synergistic sulfur enhancing tomato water-soluble fertilizer of this embodiment consists of the following formula: High nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 59 parts, MAP 9.8 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 7.9 parts, potassium sulfate 15 parts, ammonium sulfate 0.3 parts, potassium phosphite 8 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 6.89%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 4.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 3.67%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 2.77%.

[0077] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 30 parts, MAP 22 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 15 parts, potassium nitrate 22 parts, ammonium sulfate 3 parts, potassium phosphite 8 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 14.10%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 4.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 6.08%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 0.71%.

[0078] High potassium formula 10-6-42: urea 2.3 parts, MAP 6 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 6.6 parts, potassium sulfate 15 parts, potassium nitrate 61.1 parts, ammonium sulfate 1 part, potassium phosphite 8 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 3.96%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 4.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 2.67%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 2.94%. The raw materials of this embodiment are crushed to 80 mesh, the speed of the mixer is set to 50 rpm, the mixing time is 3 min, 4‰ anti-caking agent (polyglutamic acid sodium) is sprayed during mixing, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0079] Example 10 The multi-form phosphorus synergistic sulfur enhancing tomato water-soluble fertilizer of this embodiment consists of the following formula: High nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 59 parts, MAP 9 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 8.4 parts, potassium sulfate 13 parts, ammonium sulfate 0.6 parts, potassium phosphite 10 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 6.46%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 5.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 3.90%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 2.48%.

[0080] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 31 parts, MAP 21.5 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 15.8 parts, potassium nitrate 18.5 parts, ammonium sulfate 3.2 parts, potassium phosphite 10 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 13.83%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 5.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 6.4%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 0.75%.

[0081] High potassium formula 10-6-42: urea 1 part, MAP 5.2 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 7.1 parts, potassium sulfate 13 parts, potassium nitrate 61.1 parts, ammonium sulfate 2.6 parts, potassium phosphite 10 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 3.49%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 5.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 2.88%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 2.95%. The speed of the mixer in this example is set to 40 rpm, and the mixing time is 5 minutes. Spray 4‰ anti-caking agent (sodium polyglutamate) during mixing, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0082] Example 11 The multi-form phosphorus synergistic sulfur enhancing tomato water-soluble fertilizer of this example is composed of the following formula: High nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 59 parts, MAP 6.3 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 10.8 parts, potassium sulfate 19 parts, ammonium sulfate 2.9 parts, potassium phosphite 2 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 5.1%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 1.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 5.01%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 4.10%.

[0083] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 30 parts, MAP 15.7 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 23.8 parts, potassium nitrate 15 parts, ammonium sulfate 13.5 parts, potassium phosphite 2 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 10.65%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 1.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 9.64%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 3.17%.

[0084] High potassium formula 10-6-42 is composed of the following parts of raw materials, MAP 4 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 8 parts, potassium sulfate 18 parts, potassium nitrate 61 parts, ammonium sulfate 7 parts, potassium phosphite 2 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 2.8%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 1.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 3.24%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 4.89%. The preparation and application method of this example is the same as that of Example 1.

[0085] Example 12 The multi-form phosphorus synergistic sulfur enhancing tomato water-soluble fertilizer of this example is composed of the following formula: High nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 59 parts, MAP 6.3 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 10.8 parts, potassium sulfate 19 parts, ammonium sulfate 2.9 parts, potassium phosphite 2 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 5.1%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 1.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 5.01%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 4.10%.

[0086] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 30 parts, MAP 15 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 25 parts, potassium nitrate 13 parts, ammonium sulfate 13 parts, potassium phosphite 4 parts. Among them, the positive phosphorus addition amount is 10.28%, the phosphorus addition amount is 2.0%, the polyphosphorus addition amount is 10.13%, and the sulfur addition amount is 3.06%.

[0087] High potassium formula 10-6-42: urea 0 parts, MAP 3.3 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 9.2 parts, potassium sulfate 15 parts, potassium nitrate 61 parts, ammonium sulfate 7.5 parts, potassium phosphite 4 parts. Among them, the positive phosphorus addition amount is 2.43%, the phosphorus addition amount is 2.0%, the polyphosphorus addition amount is 3.73%, and the sulfur addition amount is 4.46%. The preparation and application method of this embodiment is the same as that of Example 1.

[0088] Example 13 The polymorphic phosphorus synergistic sulfur enhancing tomato water-soluble fertilizer of this embodiment is composed of the following formula: High nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 59 parts, MAP 4.4 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 12.7 parts, potassium sulfate 15 parts, ammonium sulfate 2.9 parts, potassium phosphite 6 parts. Among them, the positive phosphorus addition amount is 4.16%, the phosphorus addition amount is 3.0%, the polyphosphorus addition amount is 5.89%, and the sulfur addition amount is 3.38%.

[0089] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 32 parts, MAP 14 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 26 parts, potassium nitrate 11 parts, ammonium sulfate 11 parts, potassium phosphite 6 parts. Among them, the positive phosphorus addition amount is 9.71%, the phosphorus addition amount is 3.0%, the polyphosphorus addition amount is 10.53%, and the sulfur addition amount is 2.59%.

[0090] High potassium formula 10-6-42: urea 0 parts, MAP 3 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 11 parts, potassium sulfate 12 parts, potassium nitrate 61 parts, ammonium sulfate 7 parts, potassium phosphite 6 parts. Among them, the positive phosphorus addition amount is 2.33%, the phosphorus addition amount is 3.0%, the polyphosphorus addition amount is 4.46%, and the sulfur addition amount is 3.81%. In this embodiment, the raw materials are crushed to 90 mesh, the speed of the mixer is set to 45 rpm, the mixing time is 3 minutes, and 5‰ anti-caking agent is sprayed during mixing. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0091] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example is a tomato water-soluble fertilizer with positive phosphorus and phosphorus synergistic sulfur enhancement (without polyphosphorus): High nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 61 parts, MAP 17 parts, potassium sulfate 15 parts, potassium phosphite 7 parts. Among them, the positive phosphorus addition amount is 10.37%, the phosphorus addition amount is 3.5%, the polyphosphorus addition amount is 0%, and the sulfur addition amount is 2.7%.

[0092] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 31 parts, MAP 20 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15 parts, potassium nitrate 26 parts, potassium phosphite 8 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 20.00%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 4.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 0%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 2.35%.

[0093] High potassium formula 10-6-42: urea 0.5 parts, MAP 10 parts, potassium sulfate 21.5 parts, potassium nitrate 64 parts, potassium phosphite 4 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 6.10%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 2.0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 0%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 3.87%.

[0094] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example is a tomato water-soluble fertilizer with orthophosphorus and polyphosphorus synergistic sulfur efficiency (without phosphorus). High nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 59 parts, MAP 11.5 parts, ammonium polyphosphate 5.5 parts, potassium sulfate 20 parts, ammonium sulfate 4 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 7.65%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 2.55%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 4.54%.

[0095] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 27 parts, MAP 24 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 12.6 parts, potassium sulfate 1.4 parts, potassium nitrate 29 parts, ammonium sulfate 6 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 15.21%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 5.10%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 1.66%.

[0096] High potassium formula 10-6-42: urea 0 parts, MAP 7.6 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 4 parts, potassium sulfate 15.5 parts, potassium nitrate 68.4 parts, ammonium sulfate 4.5 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 4.82%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 1.62%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 3.85%.

[0097] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example is a tomato water-soluble fertilizer with only orthophosphorus synergistic sulfur efficiency (without phosphorus and polyphosphorus): High nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 60 parts, monoammonium phosphate 17.5 parts, potassium sulfate 20.5 parts, ammonium sulfate 2 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 10.68%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 0%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 4.16%.

[0098] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 31 parts, MAP 17 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20 parts, potassium sulfate 2 parts, ammonium sulfate 2 parts, potassium nitrate 28 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 20.77%, the addition amount of phosphorus is 0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 0%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 0.83%.

[0099] High potassium formula 10-6-42: urea 2.5 parts, MAP 1 part, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 11.6 parts, potassium sulfate 16.5 parts, ammonium sulfate 2.8 parts, potassium nitrate 65.6 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 6.64%, the addition amount of sub-phosphorus is 0%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 0%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 3.63%.

[0100] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example is a tomato water-soluble fertilizer containing orthophosphorus, sub-phosphorus, polyphosphorus, and no sulfur: High nitrogen formula 30-10-10: urea 52.5 parts, polyphosphoric acid ammonium 4.2 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 part, diammonium phosphate 17.3 parts, potassium nitrate 20 parts, sodium metaphosphate 2 parts, potassium metaphosphate 3 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 8.45%, the addition amount of sub-phosphorus is 1.98%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 1.95%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 0%.

[0101] Balanced formula 20-20-20: urea 30.4 parts, polyphosphoric acid ammonium 8.2 parts, MAP 10.7 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 17.1 parts, potassium nitrate 26 parts, potassium metaphosphate 7.6 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 16.37%, the addition amount of sub-phosphorus is 3.8%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 3.81%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 0%.

[0102] High potassium formula 10-6-42: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10.2 parts, potassium tripolyphosphate 3.2 parts, potassium nitrate 81.4 parts, sodium metaphosphate 5.2 parts. Among them, the addition amount of orthophosphorus is 5.45%, the addition amount of sub-phosphorus is 1.25%, the addition amount of polyphosphorus is 1.30%, and the addition amount of sulfur is 0%.

[0103] Effect evaluation example To evaluate the agronomic effects of different phosphorus combination formulations and verify the significant synergistic effect of tomato water-soluble fertilizer with multi-form phosphorus and sulfur, examples 6-10 and comparative example 2 with 25% of polyphosphorus were selected as representative formulations to carry out application effect evaluation test. The test set comparative example 2 treatment number T1, examples 6 to 10 five tomato water-soluble fertilizer treatment numbers T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, and set water control CK, a total of 7 treatment groups, each group sets three times. The test uses the plant cultivation test method, and each plant is planted in a container with 20 kg of soil. The test tomato variety is cherry tomato, and the test site is located in Shanggu Town, Jinning District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province. The test is divided into three periods: early, middle and late, a total of 10 times of fertilizer application: high nitrogen fertilizer application amount is 3 g / plant, balanced fertilizer is 5 g / plant, and high potassium fertilizer is 5 g / plant. After 5 days of transplanting, the first fertilizer is applied, and 30-10-10 high nitrogen fertilizer is applied at 3 g / plant. Then fertilize every 10 days, apply 30-10-10 high nitrogen fertilizer 3 times in the seedling stage, apply 20-20-20 balanced fertilizer 4 times from the early flowering stage to the early flowering and fruiting stage, and apply 10-6-42 high potassium fertilizer 3 times in the fruiting stage. Each time of fertilization is dissolved and simulated drip irrigation facility irrigation to the root of the plant, and all other management measures are kept consistent. 10 days after the last fertilization, the yield is determined, the quality of tomato fruit is analyzed, and the root, stem and leaf samples are treated, and the soil is analyzed. The total duration of the test is 105 days.

[0104] The determination items and methods are as follows: (1) Determination of tomato plant growth index: after planting tomato seedlings, every 10 days (i.e. 5 days after the first fertilization) measure the plant height with a tape measure and the stem diameter with a vernier caliper, measure 3 plants per repetition, and measure 4 times. (2) Determination of tomato photosynthetic function index: every 10 days, select 3 tomato plants with similar growth, use a chlorophyll meter to measure the SPAD value of 3 unfolded leaves per plant, and take the average value. In the clear morning from 9 to 11 o'clock before harvest, use TP-3051D portable photosynthesis meter to measure net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci). (3) Determination of tomato quality index: select fruits with the same maturity and fruiting position from each treatment to determine taste quality and appearance quality, and measure the second cluster of fruits 3 times, and take the average value. Specific indexes include soluble sugar (anthrone method), vitamin C content (2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol method), soluble protein (coomassie brilliant blue G-250 staining method), soluble solids (handheld refractometer), titratable acid (acid-base titration method), fruit shape index (vernier caliper), and fruit hardness (GY-4 digital fruit hardness meter). (4) Plant nutrient determination: after digestion of roots, stems, leaves and fruits, use Kjeldahl nitrogen determination instrument to determine total nitrogen content, and use inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer to determine total phosphorus, total potassium and boron content.

[0105] Table 1 Effect of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on plant height As shown in Table 1, the tomato water-soluble fertilizer treated by the poly-morphous phosphorus synergized with sulfur (T2-T6) of the application was significantly better than the treatment of lacking of phosphorus (T1) and the water control (CK) in the whole test period. On the 40th day (Day 40), the average plant height of T2-T6 was 110-122 cm, which was increased by 14%-26% compared with CK and 11%-19% compared with the phosphorus deficiency control T1, and the difference was significant. The growth rate of T1 decreased significantly after Day 20 due to the lack of phosphorus, and the final plant height was only 108.9 cm, which was 11 cm lower than that of the multi-element synergistic fertilizer treatment group. The plant height of CK was only 96.7 cm on Day 40 due to the lack of phosphorus supply throughout the whole process, which was 25 cm lower than that of the multi-element synergistic treatment group. The phosphorus group can activate the development of lateral root primordia and promote the synthesis of cytokinin, and the slow-release characteristics of the polyphosphorus group, the promotion of metabolism by the sulfur group and the synergistic effect form a synergistic effect mechanism of "rapid available fertilizer-persistent fertilizer-root system promoting growth". This mechanism makes the daily average growth rate of the multi-element synergistic treatment group increase by 20%, and there is no fertilizer loss in the later growth period. The plant height advantage is throughout the whole growth period, which lays a good morphological foundation for the yield formation in the later period.

[0106] Table 2 Effect of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on stem diameter As shown in Table 2, the plant stem diameter of the tomato water-soluble fertilizer treated by the poly-morphous phosphorus synergized with sulfur (T3-T5) of the application had a significant advantage: the maximum value on the 40th day was 109.7 mm, which was increased by 20% compared with the water control (CK) and 11% compared with the phosphorus deficiency control treatment (T1), and the difference was statistically significant. The stem base parenchyma of the phosphorus deficiency control treatment (T1) proliferated slowly due to the inhibition of lateral root formation and the insufficient synthesis of cytokinin, and the final stem diameter was only 98.5 mm, which was more than 10 mm different from that of the multi-element synergistic fertilizer treatment. The stem diameter of the water control (CK) lacking of phosphorus throughout the whole process was 91.1 mm, and the pith tissue appeared cavitation. In the multi-element synergistic compound fertilizer, sulfur promotes lignin crosslinking, polyphosphate provides sustained energy, phosphite induces cambial cell division, and orthophosphate provides rapidly available phosphorus to participate in energy metabolism and material synthesis processes. The synergistic effect of various components promotes the thickening of mechanical tissue, so that the stem has the advantages of thickness, hardness and toughness, and provides strong support for high load in the later growth period.

[0107] Table 3 Effect of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on leaf, stem and root fresh weight As shown in Table 3, the tomato water-soluble fertilizer treatment group (T4-T6) of the application promoted the plant biomass accumulation. The root fresh weight of T5 treatment reached 110 g, which was significantly increased by 285% and 204% compared with the control (CK) and the treatment of lacking secondary phosphorus (T1), effectively breaking through the physiological limit of white root growth; the stem fresh weight was 327 g, the crown expansion and root development were promoted synchronously, the root-shoot ratio was increased from 0.34 to 0.46, laying a mechanical support foundation for high yield and fruit load. The leaf fresh weight of T4 and T6 treatments was 173 g and 168 g respectively, which was increased by 94% and 88% compared with CK, and was increased by 40% and 36% compared with T1, the leaf showed increased thickness and dark green color, and the photosynthetic source intensity was significantly enhanced. The leaf weight of the treatment of lacking secondary phosphorus (T1) was higher than that of CK, but the root weight was only 36 g, showing an imbalance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth; the three-organ biomass of roots, stems and leaves of the CK group was at the lowest level due to the lack of phosphorus throughout the process. The synergistic effect of positive phosphorus, secondary phosphorus, polyphosphorus and sulfur elements realized the synchronous and coordinated expansion of photosynthetic source, metabolic sink and absorbing root system through the physiological mode of "positive phosphorus promoting root primordium differentiation-secondary phosphorus preventing disease and constructing immune barrier-polyphosphorus maintaining energy homeostasis-sulfur element driving cell division", providing sufficient photosynthetic product supply and water and nutrient absorption interface for high yield in the later period.

[0108] Table 4 Influence of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on SPAD As shown in Table 4, the SPAD values of the tomato water-soluble fertilizer treatment group (T2-T5) of the application were significantly higher than those of the control group throughout the growth period. The SPAD value of T5 treatment reached a peak of 67.5 at day 20, which was increased by 45% and 36% compared with the water control (CK) and the treatment of lacking secondary phosphorus (T1), and the difference reached a very significant level (p<0.01); at day 40, it still maintained 41.9, which was increased by 75% and 48% compared with CK and T1 respectively, and the chlorophyll degradation rate was the slowest. The physiological mechanism is that: the glutathione-S-transferase activity is activated by secondary phosphate, the synthesis of sulfur-containing amino acids and chlorophyll precursors is promoted by sulfate, the synthesis of pyrrole ring is guaranteed by polyphosphate, and the photosynthetic source intensity is significantly enhanced. The SPAD peak value of the treatment of lacking secondary phosphorus (T1) was only 49.8 due to the limited lateral root development and insufficient energy supply, and it decreased to 28.4 in the later growth period, showing a typical "green first and yellow later" early decline curve; the SPAD value of the CK group was always at the lowest level and fluctuated significantly due to the lack of phosphorus throughout the process. The three-level regulation mechanism of the positive-secondary-poly-sulfur multi-element synergistic system through "biosynthesis strengthening-light protection mechanism enhancement-sustained energy supply" maintains high chlorophyll density in leaves, laying a photosynthetic material foundation for high yield of crops.

[0109] Table 5 Influence of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on photosynthesis As shown in Table 5, the tomato water-soluble fertilizer of the application significantly improves the photosynthesis efficiency. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of T3 treatment reaches 7.76 μmol / m 2 ·s, which is 365% higher than that of the clear water control (CK) (p<0.01) and 47% higher than that of the sub-phosphorus treatment (T1) (p<0.01); the Pn of T5 treatment maintains at 6.04 μmol / m 2 ·s, which is still significantly higher than that of all nutrient deficiency treatments. The high photosynthetic rate is accompanied by the synchronous improvement of stomatal conductance (Gs), and the Gs of T3 and T5 is 1.62 μmol / m 2 ·s and 1.85 μmol / m 2 ·s, respectively, which is 2.7-3.1 times higher than that of CK and 2.9-3.3 times higher than that of T1, forming a high-efficiency stomatal-CO2 transmission channel. The intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) maintains in the range of 253-305 μmol / mol, which not only ensures sufficient carbon supply, but also effectively avoids excessive transpiration. The Gs of the sub-phosphorus treatment T1 is only 0.56 μmol / m 2 ·s, and the Ci drops to 172.64 μmol / m 2 ·s, which leads to the decrease of Pn to 5.27 μmol / m 2 ·s. The Gs of the CK group with complete phosphorus deficiency is 0.60 μmol / m 2 ·s, which is lower than that of the tomato water-soluble fertilizer of the application, and the Gs of the T1 group with sub-phosphorus is the lowest (0.56 μmol / m 2 ·s), and the Pn is only 1.67 μmol / m 2 ·s, which presents a typical stomatal-limited carbon starvation state. The four-level regulation path of "sub-phosphorus promoting root development-polyphosphorus slow-release ATP-sulfur activating RuBisCO-positive phosphorus efficient carbon supply" realizes the synchronous optimization of stomatal conductance, carboxylation efficiency and energy metabolism, and the output rate of photosynthetic products is increased by 3.5 times, which lays a solid carbon assimilation foundation for high yield of crops.

[0110] Table 6 Effect of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on the appearance quality of tomatoes As shown in Table 6, the tomato water-soluble fertilizer of the application with polymorphic phosphorus synergized with sulfur significantly improves the appearance quality of the fruit. The soluble solid content of the fruit of treatment T5 reaches 9.5%, which is significantly higher than that of the water control (CK) (59%) and is 38% higher than that of the treatment of lacking meta-phosphorus (T1); the sugar-acid ratio synergistically optimizes the color of the fruit skin. The fruit hardness reaches 16.07 N, which is 196% and 142% higher than that of CK and T1, respectively, the fruit biomechanical properties are enhanced, and the storage and transportation loss is expected to be reduced by more than 30%. The mechanism is that sulfur promotes the cross-linking of pectin and lignin, and the slow-release component of polymerized phosphorus drives the deposition of calcium ions through ATP energy supply, which together increases the thickness of the cell wall. The fruit shape index is 0.96, the shoulder-navel is symmetrical and has no ridge, which is significantly better than that of CK (0.87) and T1 (0.91), which is due to the regulation of endogenous auxin gradient distribution by meta-phosphorus and the uniform development of ventricle by the quick-acting component of positive phosphorus, which effectively inhibits the occurrence of abnormal fruit. The soluble solid content of treatments T3 and T6 reaches 7.7% and 8.5%, respectively, and the hardness is 11.3 N and 8.8 N, respectively, which are significantly better than the corresponding element-deficient controls. The multi-element synergistic nutrient synergistic system realizes the significant improvement of the appearance quality of the fruit through the multi-level network linkage of "sugar metabolism-calcium homeostasis-cell wall construction-hormone regulation", achieving bright color, regular shape, and crisp flesh.

[0111] Table 7 Effects of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on the internal quality of tomatoes As shown in Table 7, the tomato water-soluble fertilizer of the application with polymorphic phosphorus synergized with sulfur (T3, T5) multi-element synergistic compound fertilizer treatment improves the internal quality of the fruit to the high-quality level of "high sugar, optimal acid, rich vitamin C, and sufficient protein". The protein content of the T3 treatment group reaches 1.07%, which is significantly higher than that of the water control (CK) by 189% and higher than that of the treatment of lacking meta-phosphorus (T1) by 174%. The effect is due to the promotion of sulfur element to the biosynthesis of sulfur-containing amino acids, the strengthening of meta-phosphorus component to nitrogen assimilation, the sustained energy supply of polymerized phosphorus component, the quick-acting carbon source of positive phosphorus component, and the multi-element synergistic effect effectively connecting the "phosphorus-sulfur-carbon" metabolic synchronization construction pathway. In terms of vitamin C content, the T3 group reaches 7.18 mg / 100g, which is significantly higher than that of CK and T1 by 148% and 127%, respectively, indicating that the antioxidant capacity is significantly enhanced. In terms of sugar-acid coupling characteristics, the soluble sugar content of the T5 group is 10.92%, and the sugar-acid ratio is 2.30, showing a sweet and sweet flavor; the sugar-acid ratio of the T3 group is 1.20, which belongs to the type of moderate sweet and sour, and the flavor quality of both is significantly better than that of CK (1.12) and T1 (0.67), and the flavor quality is better. The multi-element synergistic mechanism realizes the dual leap of nutritional quality and flavor characteristics through the four-level regulation path of "sulfur-metabolic activation, meta-phosphorus-signal regulation, polymerized phosphorus-energy homeostasis supply, and positive phosphorus-carbon skeleton rapid construction", meeting the dual requirements of fresh food and processing.

[0112] The number of single plants and the weight of single fruit are measured data, and the theoretical yield is calculated according to the theoretical planting density of 3500 plants per mu, and the results are shown in Table 8.

[0113] Table 8 Influence of different water-soluble fertilizers for tomatoes on the number of single plants, the weight of single fruit and the theoretical yield As shown in Table 8, the tomato water-soluble fertilizer with synergistic effect of polymorphic phosphorus and sulfur of the application synchronously improves the yield components to a new level. The number of single plants of the T5 treatment group reaches 89.1, which is significantly increased by 206% compared with the water control (CK), and is increased by 29% compared with the treatment without sub-phosphorus (T1), and the fruit setting rate is doubled. The weight of single fruit is 12.2 g, which is increased by 9.8% compared with CK, and is increased by 18% compared with T1, and the restrictive relationship of “increasing fruit number while reducing single fruit weight” or “increasing single fruit weight while reducing fruit number” in traditional cultivation is successfully broken through. In terms of theoretical yield, the T5 treatment reaches 3813 kg per mu, which is increased by 52.6% compared with the comparative example 2 (T1) without sub-phosphorus, and is significantly increased by 236% compared with CK. The T2 and T3 treatments are also increased by 33.7% and 35.6% respectively, indicating that the multi-element synergistic fertilizer has a significant yield-increasing effect under different ratios. The number of single plants of the treatment without sub-phosphorus (T1) is 69 due to the blocked flower bud differentiation and insufficient capacity, and the number of single plants of CK is less than 30 due to the lack of phosphorus throughout the process, and the yield is only 1134 kg per mu. The multi-element synergistic system realizes the synergistic effect of sufficient supply of source organs, enhanced capacity and efficient material transport through the multi-level linkage mechanism of “sub-phosphates promoting flower primordium differentiation→polyphosphates stabilizing energy supply→sulfur elements promoting assimilate transport→orthophosphates promoting fruit enlargement”, which provides sustained physiological power for high and stable yield of tomatoes.

[0114] Comparative example In order to evaluate the agronomic effect of different forms of phosphorus component complex system, and verify the synergistic effect of orthophosphates, sub-phosphates, polyphosphates and sulfur elements, the following representative formulas are selected to carry out field application effect evaluation test: example 3 (containing orthophosphates, sub-phosphates, polyphosphates and sulfur, T8), example 8 (containing orthophosphates, sub-phosphates, polyphosphates and sulfur, T9), example 13 (containing orthophosphates, sub-phosphates, polyphosphates and sulfur, T10), comparative example 1 (containing orthophosphates, polyphosphates and sulfur, T11), comparative example 2 (containing orthophosphates, sub-phosphates and sulfur, T12), comparative example 3 (containing orthophosphates and sulfur, T13) and comparative example 4 (containing orthophosphates, sub-phosphates, polyphosphates, without sulfur, T14). A total of 7 treatment groups are set, each group has 3 repetitions, and a randomized block design is adopted, and the plot area is 20 m 2 .

[0115] The test crop is cherry tomato, and the test site is located in Shanggu Town, Jinning District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province. According to the test specification of Example 17, unified field management, fertilization scheme and index determination method are implemented, and the incidence of leaf mildew is added (100 tomato plants per plot, and the number of diseased plants per 100 is the incidence). A staged fertilization mode is used, and a total of 10 fertilizations are performed during the whole growth period: the application amount of high-nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O=30-10-10) is 3 g / plant, the application amount of balanced water-soluble fertilizer (20-20-20) is 5 g / plant, and the application amount of high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer (10-6-42) is 5 g / plant. The specific fertilization scheme is as follows: 1. The first high-nitrogen fertilizer (30-10-10) is applied 5 days after transplanting (end of the recovery period), and the amount is 3 g / plant; 2. The high-nitrogen fertilizer (30-10-10) is applied every 10 days during the seedling stage, a total of 3 times; 3. The balanced fertilizer (20-20-20) is applied every 10 days from the early flowering stage to the early fruiting stage, a total of 4 times; 4. The high-potassium fertilizer (10-6-42) is applied every 10 days during the result period, a total of 3 times.

[0116] All the fertilizers are dissolved and quantitatively irrigated to the root zone of the plants through the drip irrigation system, and other agronomic management measures remain unchanged. Yield determination and fruit quality analysis are performed 10 days after the last fertilization, and root, stem and leaf samples are collected for laboratory detection simultaneously. The total test period is 105 days.

[0117] Table 9 Effect of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on plant height As shown in Table 9, the tomato water-soluble fertilizer with polymorphic phosphorus and synergistic sulfur (T8, T9 and T10) of the present application has a significant advantage in promoting the growth of tomato plant height: it leads throughout the whole growth period, and by Day 40, the plant height of Example 8 (T9) reaches a peak of 111.54 cm, which is significantly increased by 5.6%, 10.4%, 8.3% and 20.9% (increased by 19.3 cm) compared with T14, T11, T12 and T13, and the difference reaches a very significant level. This effect is due to the sulfur-mediated sub-phosphorus root-promoting effect, the slow-release property of polyphosphorus and the quick-acting property of orthophosphorus, which form a closed-loop mechanism of “quick-acting property, root promotion and persistence” in synergy, effectively solving the growth stagnation problem caused by fertilizer loss in the later growth period.

[0118] Table 10 Effect of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on stem diameter As shown in Table 10, the poly-morphology phosphorus synergistic sulfur synergistic tomato water-soluble fertilizer treatment (T8, T9, T10) of the application significantly increased the stem diameter of tomato: the average stem diameter of the treatment reached 104 mm level on the 40th day. Taking Example 8 (T9) as an example, on the 40th day, the stem diameter was significantly increased by 8.0% compared with T11, 6.6% compared with T12, 3.4% compared with T14, and the differences reached statistically significant level; the stem diameter was increased by 6.2% compared with T13, and the difference also reached significant level. The physiological mechanism is as follows: sulfur element promotes the slow release of polyphosphate, realizes the continuous supply of phosphorus and calcium elements; phosphite induces xylem cell division; orthophosphate provides available energy. The synergistic effect of the three significantly increases the number of stem base thick-walled cells, makes the mechanical tissue structure more substantial, and then significantly reduces the lodging rate in the later growth stage, and finally forms the agronomic advantage of "thick and strong stem, stable yield".

[0119] Table 11 Effect of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on leaf, stem and root fresh weight As shown in Table 11, the tomato water-soluble fertilizer treatment group (T8-T10) of the application of multi-form phosphate synergistic sulfur showed significant effect in promoting tomato biomass accumulation, showing leaf thickening, stem thickening and root system development. In terms of leaf fresh weight, T8, T9 and T10 treatment groups were all higher than 168 g, increased by 36%-40% compared with T11 group, 27% compared with T12 group, and 7%-9% compared with T14 group, with extremely significant difference (p<0.01), and the leaf thickness increased significantly and the leaf color was dark green. This was due to the synergistic effect of sulfur element, sulfur-containing amino acid and chlorophyll biosynthesis, the enhancement of antioxidant system induced by phosphite to reduce the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation, and the extension of leaf function period and the sustained output of photosynthetic products. The difference in stem fresh weight was more significant, T9 and T10 treatment groups broke through 265 g, increased by 26%-28% compared with T11 group, 18% compared with T12 group, 14%-15% compared with T14 group, and 16%-17% compared with T13 group. Previous studies have shown that sulfur element promotes lignin and cellulose deposition in vascular tissue, polyphosphate maintains energy homeostasis through slow-release effect, and phosphite stimulates cytokinin synthesis, which together leads to the expansion of pith and cortex parenchyma cells. This synergistic effect synchronously improves the water content and mechanical strength of the stem, laying a strong foundation for the "stem reservoir" to support the load of later fruits. The root fresh weight showed a gradient distribution of "T9>T8>T13≈T14>T10≈T11≈T12", among which T9 group reached 81.6 g, increased by 19% compared with T11 group and T12 group, and 7% compared with T14 group. The formation mechanism includes: phosphite activates lateral root primordium differentiation, sulfur element enhances root tip cytokinin signal transduction, polyphosphate releases orthophosphate in rhizosphere and chelates calcium and magnesium ions, which together promotes white absorbing root proliferation, optimizes the root cap ratio to 0.48, and expands the nutrient capture area. It is worth noting that although the root weight of T10 group is slightly lower, the stem and leaf biomass is higher. This phenomenon reflects the genetic differences in "source-sink coordination" among different varieties. In summary, the tomato water-soluble fertilizer of the application of multi-form phosphate synergistic sulfur realizes the synergistic optimization of biomass distribution through the cascade mechanism of "sulfur element bridging-phosphite promoting roots-polyphosphate slow release-orthophosphate quick-acting", synchronously strengthens the photosynthetic source organ, material transport reservoir and nutrient absorbing root system, and provides material guarantee for the formation of high-yield and high-quality fruits in the follow-up.

[0120] Table 12 Effect of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on SPAD As shown in Table 12, the tomato water-soluble fertilizer of the application with multi-form phosphorus synergized with sulfur increased the SPAD value of tomato leaves and maintained a high level of chlorophyll. The T8 treatment reached a peak of 69.91 on the 20th day, which was 10.5, 12.8 and 12.2 units higher than T11, T12 and T14, respectively, and the differences were extremely significant (p<0.01). The SPAD value of this treatment decreased most slowly during the whole growth period, and still maintained 41.12 on the 40th day, which was 15.9% and 59.6% higher than T14 and T12, respectively. The results showed that sulfur promoted the biosynthesis of sulfur-containing amino acids and chlorophyll precursors, the sub-phosphorus component enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activity, the polyphosphorus component realized energy release, the positive phosphorus component provided readily available carbon source, and the synergistic effect of multiple elements effectively reduced the photooxidation damage and significantly prolonged the photosynthetic function period of leaves, laying a photosynthetic material foundation for high yield.

[0121] Table 13 Effect of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on photosynthesis As shown in Table 13, the tomato water-soluble fertilizer of the application with multi-form phosphorus synergized with sulfur (T8, T9) significantly improved the performance of photosynthetic engine: the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of T9 was as high as 7.75 μmol / m 2 ·s, which was 288% higher than T11, 57% and 367% higher than T12 and T14, respectively, with extremely significant difference (P<0.01); T8 was second, Pn was still 6.05 μmol / m 2 ·s, which was significantly higher than all single nutrient deficiency treatments. High Pn was derived from the synergistic increase of stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr), Gs of T8 and T9 was 1.85 mol / m 2 ·s and 1.64 mol / m 2 ·s, respectively, which was 160% and 194% higher than phosphorus and sulfur sufficient control (T13), and 119% and 147% higher than T14, respectively; Tr increased by 16% and 36%, respectively, forming a photosynthetic carbon assimilation channel of "high stomatal conductance-high transpiration rate-high CO2 efficient import". At the same time, the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) was precisely regulated to 252-305 μmol / mol, which not only ensured sufficient carbon source supply, but also avoided water redundancy loss caused by excessive opening of stomata, indicating that multiple elements synergistically optimized the carbon balance of stomatal opening and closing. Gs of T11 decreased to 1.23 mol / m 2 ·s, and Ci decreased to 204 μmol / mol, resulting in a significant decrease in Pn to 2.0 μmol / m 2 ·s; Pn of T14 was only 1.66 μmol / m 2• s, equivalent to 21% of T9. The multi-element synergy system realizes the synchronous improvement of "stomatal conductance-carboxylation efficiency-energy supply" through the linkage mechanism of ATP release by polyphosphorus, RuBisCO activation by sulfur, carbon response signal pathway activation by sub-phosphorus, and instant energy supply by orthophosphorus, and the output rate of photosynthetic products is increased by 2.5 times, laying a solid foundation for the accumulation of carbon assimilates for high yield of tomatoes.

[0122] Table 14 Effects of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on appearance quality As shown in Table 14, the tomato water-soluble fertilizer treated with the multi-form phosphorus synergistic sulfur of the application (T9) improved the appearance quality of tomato fruits to the high-quality standard of commodity fruits: the soluble solid content reached 9.54%, which was increased by 42% compared with T11, 61% compared with T12, and 46% compared with T14. The sugar-acid synergistic effect made the fruit skin bright and shiny; the fruit hardness reached 10.04 N, which was increased by 38% and 85% compared with T11 and T12, respectively, the holding elasticity was significantly enhanced, and the storage and transportation loss rate could be reduced. The mechanism is that sulfur promotes the cross-linking of pectin and lignin, and the polyphosphorus component releases ATP to drive calcium deposition, resulting in increased cell wall thickness. The fruit shape index reached 0.95, the longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter were in the golden ratio, the shoulder-navel was symmetrical and had no rib groove, which was significantly better than 0.89-0.91 (P<0.05) of the deficiency treatment. Therefore, the sub-phosphorus component regulates the spatial gradient distribution of auxin, and the rapid supply of orthophosphorus ensures the uniform development of the ventricle, effectively preventing the occurrence of abnormal fruits. The indicators of T8 and T10 treatment groups were slightly lower than T9, but were still significantly better than all control groups (P<0.01). This shows that the multi-element synergy system realizes the appearance quality leap of bright color, regular shape, and crisp and tough texture through the four-level linkage mechanism of "sugar metabolism-calcium homeostasis-cell wall reconstruction-hormone regulation".

[0123] Table 15 Effects of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on internal quality As shown in Table 15, the tomato water-soluble fertilizer of the present application treated with polymorphic phosphorus synergized with sulfur significantly improved the internal quality of tomato fruits, realizing the comprehensive improvement of soluble sugar content, optimization of organic acid composition, enrichment of vitamin C and increase of protein content. Among them, the protein content of T8 treatment group was the highest, reaching 1.08%, which was significantly higher than that of T11, T12 and T14 treatment groups by 25.6%, 24.1% and 24.2% respectively. Based on existing research, it is speculated that the difference indicates that sulfur element promotes the biosynthesis of sulfur-containing amino acids, sub-phosphorus element improves the nitrogen absorption and assimilation efficiency, and polyphosphorus element supports the protein construction process through the slow-release energy supply mechanism. In terms of vitamin C content, T8 treatment group reached 7.65 mg / 100g, which was 15.0% higher than that of T14 treatment group, indicating that its antioxidant capacity was enhanced, which was beneficial to prolong the shelf life of fruits. The organic acid and soluble sugar components showed a synergistic optimization trend: the organic acid contents of T9 and T10 treatment groups were 6.39 g / kg and 5.68 g / kg respectively, the soluble sugar contents were 7.33% and 7.33% respectively, the sugar acid ratios were 1.15 and 1.29 respectively, and the fruits had rich flavor. In contrast, T14 showed sugar acid imbalance, with soluble sugar content of only 5.15% and organic acid content of 5.03 g / kg, resulting in weak flavor of fruits. Overall, the multi-element synergistic system improves the nutritional density and flavor quality of tomato fruits through the mechanism of "sulfur-metabolism activation, sub-phosphorus-signal regulation, polyphosphorus-energy homeostasis supply, and orthophosphorus-rapid construction of carbon skeleton", which can meet the quality demands of high-end fresh food and processing products at the same time.

[0124] Table 16 Effect of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on fruit number per plant, fruit weight per plant and theoretical yield As shown in Table 16, the tomato water-soluble fertilizer of the application with multi-form phosphorus synergistic sulfur makes the yield components synchronously increase to a new level: the number of fruits per plant in T8 and T9 treatment breaks through 90, increases by 29% compared with T11, 29% compared with T12, and 33% compared with T14, and the fruit setting rate is significantly improved; the single fruit weight of T8 treatment reaches 13.44 g, increases by 11%-28% compared with all the deficiency treatments, and it is speculated that this phenomenon is mainly due to the fact that the synergistic effect of phosphorus and calcium fully promotes the synchronous progress of cell division and expansion during the fruit expansion period. The theoretical yield of T8 treatment is as high as 4253 kg / mu, which is significantly higher than that of T11 treatment (2575 kg) by 65%, and the yield increase is as high as 1678 kg / mu; the yield of T9 treatment also reaches 3835 kg / mu, which increases by 49%. The absence of any form of phosphorus or sulfur elements leads to a synchronous decrease in fruit number and fruit weight, and the key to breaking through the yield bottleneck lies in the multi-element synergistic linkage mechanism, which lays the foundation for high yield. In addition, in the group treated by the application, the incidence of leaf mold is effectively controlled below 1%; in contrast, the incidence of T12 and T13 (T12 and T13) without phosphite reaches 8% to 9%, which indirectly leads to a significant decrease in yield and quality.

[0125] In summary, the effect evaluation example (pot experiment) and the comparison example (field verification) follow the same variety, and based on the data in Table 14, further analysis shows that the treatment group of the application also performs outstandingly in improving fruit quality. The soluble solids content of fruits treated by T8 and T9 reaches 7.71% and 9.54% respectively, which is significantly higher than that of the deficiency treatment (T11-T14) of 5.94%-6.71%, with an increase of 12%-61%. The same trend is also shown in the vitamin C content. Based on Table 15, the vitamin C content of fruits treated by T8 is 7.65 mg / 100 g, which is 15% higher than that of the sulfur deficiency treatment (T14) of 6.65 mg / 100 g. This quality improvement is closely related to the fact that multi-form phosphorus and sulfur synergistically optimize the translocation and distribution of photosynthetic products to fruits, especially promoting the accumulation of sugar and functional substances during the fruit ripening period. The low disease incidence (<1%) ensures the continuous and efficient operation of leaf photosynthesis, providing a stable source of assimilation products for sugar accumulation. In summary, this synergistic mechanism not only breaks through the yield bottleneck, but also realizes the synchronous leap of yield and quality.

[0126] The present application follows the principle of "same variety, same soil, same management", and for the first time constructs a phosphorus-sulfur synergistic effect evidence spectrum covering the whole dimension of "morphology-growth process-organ-quality-yield". The transverse comparison shows that: the absence of any component of sub-phosphorus, poly-phosphorus or sulfur, the ten key indicators of tomato plant height, stem diameter, biomass, SPAD value, net photosynthetic rate, appearance hardness, internal sugar and acid content, fruit number per plant, single fruit weight and yield, etc. all show significant decline; and after the specific quality ratio of the present application is used to compound and apply positive phosphorus, sub-phosphorus, poly-phosphorus and sulfur multi-element synergistic components, all indicators return to the optimal level, and most of the indicators differ by a very significant level (P < 0.01). This shows that there is a "1+1+1+1>4" molecular level synergistic effect among the multi-element synergistic components. The longitudinal tracking of the entire growth period shows that the formula presents the characteristics of "three fast and one slow": the growth of seedlings is accelerated in the early stage (the plant height is significantly ahead of the 10th day), the photosynthetic source organ expands rapidly in the middle stage (the net photosynthetic rate Pn and SPAD value reach the peak value and maintain a high level on the 20th day), the assimilates are transported to the sink organ efficiently in the later stage (the fruit number and fruit weight increase significantly synchronously), and the senescence process is delayed (the SPAD value and Pn decay rate are the lowest on the 40th day). This "early promotion and late stability" growth dynamic accurately matches the high-frequency conversion demand of tomato "vegetative growth-reproductive growth", breaks through the one-way growth mode of traditional water-soluble fertilizer "early over-mature and late decline" or "early slow and late over-fast", embodies the precise regulation of crop physiological rhythm, and has high practicality and industrial replicability. From the quality-yield coupling effect analysis, the present application fertilizer improves the sugar content without reducing the acidity, increases the hardness without increasing the residue, promotes fruit enlargement without softening the fruit core, while simultaneously achieving the synchronous improvement of protein, vitamin C and soluble solids content, for the first time achieving the four goals of "high yield, high quality taste, high nutritional density, and storage resistance" in tomato cultivation, meeting the strict standards of the high-end market "sugar-acid ratio ≥1.2, hardness ≥9 N, soluble solids ≥8%", and creating a significant premium space for growers. According to Table 16, the T8 treatment increases the yield per mu by 1678 kg compared with the comparative example 1 (T11), with an increase of 65%, and the per mu net income is 5780 yuan, with an input-output ratio of 1:22, which has significant economic value for popularization.

[0127] In summary, the effect evaluation example (pot experiment) and the comparison example (field verification) are confirmed by a complete data chain of systematization and quantification: the embodiments of the present application based on the "phosphorus-sulfur bridging" molecular design and the "multi-element synergistic" release mechanism achieve overall surpassing in four core dimensions of growth potential, photosynthetic efficiency, product quality and theoretical yield; the absence of any element in the system leads to the collapse of the system performance, fully reflecting the internal correlation of formula design, preparation process and application effect; the technical principle, preparation method and application effect are significantly better than the current domestic and foreign level, with outstanding substantial characteristics, significant progress and industrial replicability.

[0128] Contact angle analysis The high-nitrogen formula 30-10-10 and the high-potassium formula 10-6-42 in examples 5-10 are taken as the experimental group, the high-nitrogen and high-potassium formula in comparative example 2 is taken as the control group, and water is taken as the blank control, and the contact angles of the tomato water-soluble fertilizers of the embodiments of the present application are compared and analyzed, as shown in Table 17.

[0129] Contact angle measurement is an important means to study the interaction between fertilizer solution and plant leaf surface. The smaller the contact angle, the better the wettability of the fertilizer solution on the leaf, which is beneficial to nutrient absorption. Contact angle measurement can help determine the optimal formula of the fertilizer solution, reduce the surface tension of the solution by optimizing the formula, reduce the contact angle, and thus improve the adhesion and absorption efficiency of the fertilizer on the leaf.

[0130] Table 17 Effect of different tomato water-soluble fertilizers on average contact angle (°) Note: The above average contact angle is the average of two measurement results, and each measurement is based on the average of more than 10 groups of data.

[0131] As shown in Table 17, examples 9 and 10 show significant advantages in handling high-potassium formula (10-6-42): the average contact angle is reduced to 21.6° and 21.9° respectively, which is more than 30% lower than the water control group and nearly 18% lower than comparative example 2. This result confirms that the formula of the present application, by optimizing the combination of raw materials and adding anti-caking agents, not only realizes the loose structure of the fertilizer, but also effectively reduces the surface tension of the solution, significantly improves the wettability and adhesion performance of the fertilizer on the tomato leaf surface. Excellent wettability not only promotes the efficient penetration of nutrients through the stomata of the leaf, but also reduces the risk of runoff, thereby greatly improving the nutrient utilization efficiency.

[0132] Specifically, the improvement of wettability directly improves the photosynthesis efficiency. The photosynthetic rate (Pn) of Examples 9 and 10 is increased by 15.8% and 16.2% respectively, and the stomatal conductance (Gs) is increased by 12.5% and 13.1% respectively, which is significantly higher than the increase of Comparative Example 2 (8.3% and 7.9%). The improvement of such photosynthetic parameters is due to the promotion of chlorophyll biosynthesis and optimization of electron transport chain by efficient nutrient penetration, which effectively alleviates the light inhibition effect, thereby improving the light energy utilization efficiency and carbon assimilation capacity. This direct influence on photosynthetic physiological parameters directly verifies the technical advantages of the formula of the examples in the synergistic optimization of ortho-polyphosphorus and sulfur, and lays a physiological foundation for the improvement of tomato growth indicators in the examples.

[0133] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, not any form of limitation on the present application. Although the present application has been disclosed as above with a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the above disclosed technical content to obtain equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical solution of the present application. Any modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments made according to the technical essence of the present application are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-form tomato water-soluble fertilizer with phosphorus synergistic sulfur enhancement, characterized by: The high-nitrogen fertilizer, the balanced fertilizer and the high-potassium fertilizer contain multi-form phosphorus and sulfur, the multi-form phosphorus includes orthophosphorus, sub-phosphorus and polyphosphorus, wherein the orthophosphorus is added in an amount of 1-19.5%, the sub-phosphorus is added in an amount of 1-5%, the polyphosphorus is added in an amount of 0.2-11.5%, and the sulfur is added in an amount of 0-6%. ​ 2. The tomato water-soluble fertilizer with multi-form phosphorus and sulfur synergistic effect according to claim 1, wherein: In the high-nitrogen fertilizer, the mass ratio of each element is N: P2O5: K2O = (20-30):(8-10):(8-10); In the balanced fertilizer, the mass ratio of each element is N: P2O5: K2O = (17-20):(17-20):(17-20); In the high-potassium fertilizer, the mass ratio of each element is N: P2O5: K2O = (8-12):(6-10):(35-43).

3. The multi-form tomato water-soluble fertilizer of phosphorus synergistic sulfur of claim 1, characterized in that: The high-nitrogen fertilizer is used in the early growth stage, the balanced fertilizer is used in the middle growth stage, and the high-potassium fertilizer is used in the late growth stage.

4. The tomato water-soluble fertilizer with multi-form phosphorus and sulfur synergistic effect according to claim 1, wherein: The source of orthophosphorus includes monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate and / or potassium dihydrogen phosphate; The source of sub-phosphorus includes phosphorous acid, potassium phosphite or sodium phosphite; The source of polyphosphorus includes ammonium polyphosphate or potassium tripolyphosphate; The source of sulfur includes potassium sulfate and / or ammonium sulfate.

5. The multi-form tomato water-soluble fertilizer of phosphorus synergistic sulfur of claim 2, characterized in that: The source of nitrogen element N includes urea, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, potassium nitrate and ammonium sulfate, and the source of potassium element K2O includes potassium tripolyphosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, potassium phosphite and potassium chloride.

6. A preparation method of a multi-form tomato water-soluble fertilizer with phosphorus synergistic sulfur effect, characterized in that: All the raw materials are crushed to 100-200 mesh, the raw materials are weighed according to the formula of the tomato water-soluble fertilizer of any one of claims 1-5, and then are sent into a mixer, the mixing time is controlled to be 3-5 min, the mixing rate is controlled to be 40-60 rpm, an anti-caking agent is added during the mixing process, the amount of the anti-caking agent is controlled to be 3‰-5‰, and after the mixing is completed, the materials are discharged into a finished product bin and then are quickly packaged.

7. The application of multi-form tomato water-soluble fertilizer with phosphorus synergistic sulfur synergism, characterized in that: The tomato water-soluble fertilizer with multi-form phosphorus and sulfur synergistic effect based on any one of claims 1-5 is used in the following manner: the high-nitrogen fertilizer is applied several times in the early growth stage, the balanced fertilizer is applied several times in the middle growth stage, and the high-potassium fertilizer is applied several times in the late growth stage, wherein the early growth stage refers to the stage from planting to flower bud differentiation, the middle growth stage refers to the flowering and fruit setting stage, and the late growth stage refers to the stage from fruit enlargement to harvesting.

Images