Pump-electrode-spraying integrated agricultural electrostatic sprayer based on high-pressure metering pump

Abstract

The invention relates to a pump-electrode-spraying integrated agricultural electrostatic sprayer based on a high-pressure metering pump, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural plant protection spraying equipment. The spray head adopts a pump-electrode-spray integrated structural design, and the core comprises a high-pressure metering pump, an electrode ring, a liquid sprayer and an electromagnetic switch; wherein the high-pressure metering pump is composed of a plunger and barrel assembly and a liquid outlet valve assembly, stable high-pressure output and precise flow control of liquid medicine are achieved according to the precise matching principle of high-pressure fluid quantitative conveying, the whole high-pressure metering pump is arranged at the liquid inlet end of the liquid sprayer, and a continuously-through high-pressure liquid medicine channel is formed by the high-pressure metering pump and the liquid sprayer; the electrode ring is arranged close to the liquid outlet side of the high-pressure metering pump and is coaxially aligned with the high-pressure metering pump and the liquid sprayer body to form a'pressurization-polarization-atomization 'non-interval working path; the electrode ring is externally connected with a high-voltage electrostatic generator to provide a uniform electrostatic field for liquid medicine polarization; the electromagnetic switch controls opening and closing of the liquid sprayer body. Through the structural design, liquid medicine is pressurized and quantified by the high-pressure metering pump and then directly flows through the electrode ring to complete polarization, and then is atomized by the liquid sprayer to spray charged fog drops, so that the problems of low charging efficiency and poor spraying precision caused by unstable pressurization, flow fluctuation and structure dispersion of a traditional agricultural electrostatic sprayer are solved; the fog drop charge uniformity and the pesticide application precision are obviously improved, and the device is suitable for modern efficient agricultural plant protection scenes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural plant protection machinery, and particularly relates to a device for electrostatic spraying of pesticides. BACKGROUND

[0002] The agricultural electrostatic spraying technology can significantly improve the pesticide deposition efficiency and reduce the drift loss by utilizing the effect of droplet charging, and is one of the key technologies of precision agriculture. However, the traditional agricultural electrostatic nozzle has obvious bottlenecks in performance due to the limitation of structural design. Firstly, the traditional nozzle lacks an independent high-pressure quantitative control unit and relies on an external low-pressure liquid supply system, which leads to unstable pressure and flow of the pesticide liquid. This not only causes uneven droplet charging and low charge adsorption efficiency, but also makes it difficult to achieve the quantitative control required for precision spraying, which easily leads to waste of pesticides or insufficient prevention and treatment. Secondly, the pressurizing, polarizing and atomizing components of the traditional nozzle are usually designed in a split type and connected through a pipeline, which causes serious pressure loss and charge attenuation of the pesticide liquid during transmission, and the overall structure is also relatively bulky, which is difficult to adapt to the demand of lightweight and integration of modern plant protection equipment. Therefore, it is an urgent need to develop a new type of nozzle integrating a high-pressure quantitative pump, an electrode ring and an atomizing structure to solve the problems of pressure stability and accurate control through structural innovation. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a pump-electro-nozzle integrated agricultural electrostatic nozzle based on a high-pressure quantitative pump, which aims to solve the problems of low charging efficiency, large spraying quantity fluctuation and structural redundancy caused by the lack of stable high-pressure quantitative pressurizing structure and the dispersion of the "pressurizing-polarizing-atomizing" layout in the traditional agricultural electrostatic nozzle.

[0004] The application relates to a pump-pole-spray integrated agricultural electrostatic sprayer based on a high-pressure quantitative pump, which is characterized by the synergistic design of high-pressure quantitative delivery, electrostatic polarization and precise atomization. The sprayer is composed of a high-pressure quantitative pump, a liquid sprayer, an electrode ring and an electromagnetic switch. The high-pressure quantitative pump is designed according to the precise matching principle of high-pressure fluid quantitative delivery and comprises a plunger pair and a liquid outlet valve pair. The plunger pair is formed by precise matching of a plunger and a plunger sleeve, and the liquid outlet valve pair is composed of a liquid outlet valve seat, a liquid outlet valve spring, a liquid outlet valve, a liquid outlet valve body and a liquid outlet valve cap. The high-pressure quantitative output of the liquid medicine is realized through the reciprocating movement of the plunger and the pressure control of the liquid outlet valve. The high-pressure quantitative pump is fixedly arranged at the liquid inlet end of the liquid sprayer, and the internal channels of the two are directly connected, forming a high-pressure liquid flow path without interruption. The electrode ring is a ring-shaped conductor which is fixed to the joint of the liquid outlet end of the high-pressure quantitative pump and the liquid inlet of the liquid sprayer through an electrode interface and is coaxially aligned with the high-pressure liquid channel. The electrode ring is connected with a high-voltage electrostatic generator to form a uniform polarization electric field, ensuring that the pressurized liquid directly flows through the center hole of the electrode ring to complete sufficient polarization. The electromagnetic switch is installed at the top end of the liquid sprayer and is connected with the push rod and the ball valve through the armature core to control the opening and closing of the needle valve. The liquid sprayer is divided into two independent water storage pressure chambers, namely water storage pressure chamber 1 and water storage pressure chamber 2. The water storage pressure chamber 1 is connected with the liquid outlet channel of the high-pressure quantitative pump, and the water storage pressure chamber 2 is connected with the water storage pressure chamber 1 through a branch channel. After being pressurized and quantified by the high-pressure quantitative pump, the liquid medicine flows through the electrode ring polarization, the water storage pressure chamber of the liquid sprayer and finally is atomized and sprayed out as charged droplets through the needle valve controlled spray hole.

[0005] Compared with the prior art, the application realizes performance improvement through the built-in high-pressure quantitative pump and the pump-pole-spray integrated structure design. The stable output pressure and flow rate make the liquid medicine uniformly flow through the electrode ring, and the charging efficiency is significantly improved. The precise matching of the plunger and the liquid outlet valve realizes accurate control of the amount of medicine, meeting the variable spraying demand. The overall structure is compact and light, which is suitable for modern plant protection equipment. The continuous high pressure guarantees the uniformity of atomization and the stability of spraying. Combined with the pressure balance mechanism of the pressure storage chamber and the liquid return hole, the pressure fluctuation is effectively inhibited, and the long-term reliable work of the sprayer is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 The application relates to a pump-pole-spray integrated agricultural electrostatic sprayer based on a high-pressure quantitative pump, which is characterized by the synergistic design of high-pressure quantitative delivery, electrostatic polarization and precise atomization. The sprayer is composed of a high-pressure quantitative pump, a liquid sprayer, an electrode ring and an electromagnetic switch. The high-pressure quantitative pump is designed according to the precise matching principle of high-pressure fluid quantitative delivery and comprises a plunger pair and a liquid outlet valve pair. The plunger pair is formed by precise matching of a plunger and a plunger sleeve, and the liquid outlet valve pair is composed of a liquid outlet valve seat, a liquid outlet valve spring, a liquid outlet valve, a liquid outlet valve body and a liquid outlet valve cap. The high-pressure quantitative output of the liquid medicine is realized through the reciprocating movement of the plunger and the pressure control of the liquid outlet valve. The high-pressure quantitative pump is fixedly arranged at the liquid inlet end of the liquid sprayer, and the internal channels of the two are directly connected, forming a high-pressure liquid flow path without interruption. The electrode ring is a ring-shaped conductor which is fixed to the joint of the liquid outlet end of the high-pressure quantitative pump and the liquid inlet of the liquid sprayer through an electrode interface and is coaxially aligned with the high-pressure liquid channel. The electrode ring is connected with a high-voltage electrostatic generator to form a uniform polarization electric field, ensuring that the pressurized liquid directly flows through the center hole of the electrode ring to complete sufficient polarization. The electromagnetic switch is installed at the top end of the liquid sprayer and is connected with the push rod and the ball valve through the armature core to control the opening and closing of the needle valve. The liquid sprayer is divided into two independent water storage pressure chambers, namely water storage pressure chamber 1 and water storage pressure chamber 2. The water storage pressure chamber 1 is connected with the liquid outlet channel of the high-pressure quantitative pump, and the water storage pressure chamber 2 is connected with the water storage pressure chamber 1 through a branch channel. After being pressurized and quantified by the high-pressure quantitative pump, the liquid medicine flows through the electrode ring polarization, the water storage pressure chamber of the liquid sprayer and finally is atomized and sprayed out as charged droplets through the needle valve controlled spray hole.

[0007] Figure 2It is a high-pressure quantitative pump assembly profile of a pump-pole-spray integrated agricultural electrostatic sprayer based on high-pressure quantitative pump; in the figure: 1-liquid sprayer body; 2-electrode interface; 3-electrode ring; 4-liquid outlet valve seat; 5-liquid outlet valve spring; 6-liquid outlet valve cap; 7-liquid outlet valve; 8-liquid outlet valve body; 9-plunger sleeve; 10-quantitative pump body; 11-plunger.

[0008] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of a high-pressure quantitative pump component of a pump-pole-spray integrated agricultural electrostatic sprayer based on high-pressure quantitative pump; in the figure: 1-liquid sprayer body; 2-electrode interface; 3-electrode ring; 4-liquid outlet valve seat; 5-liquid outlet valve spring; 6-liquid outlet valve cap; 7-liquid outlet valve; 8-liquid outlet valve body; 9-plunger sleeve; 10-quantitative pump body; 11-plunger.

[0009] Figure 4 It is a whole profile of a pump-pole-spray integrated agricultural electrostatic sprayer based on high-pressure quantitative pump; in the figure: 1-needle valve; 2-needle valve body; 3-push rod; 4-pressure regulating spring; 5-liquid sprayer body; 6-ball valve; 7-electrode ring; 8-plunger; 9-liquid inlet hole; 10-armature core; 11-magnetic coil; 12-liquid return hole; 13-electrical connector. The arrow in the figure shows the flow direction of the liquid medicine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] Whole structure composition:

[0011] As shown in Figure 1 , a pump-pole-spray integrated agricultural electrostatic sprayer based on high-pressure quantitative pump adopts modular integrated design as a whole, and forms a liquid sprayer (a), a high-pressure quantitative pump (b) and a magnetic switch (c) into an integrated whole according to the function, and realizes a complete function closed loop with the aid of liquid inlet hole, liquid return hole and electrical connector and other auxiliary components. Among them, the high-pressure quantitative pump (b) is integrally fixed to the liquid inlet end of the liquid sprayer (a), and the coaxial butt joint of the two is guaranteed through the precision machining reference surface, and the pressure loss and leakage risk caused by redundant pipeline are eliminated; the magnetic switch (c) is assembled at the top end of the liquid sprayer (a), and is linked with the internal transmission components; the liquid inlet hole is opened on the side of the high-pressure quantitative pump (b), and the liquid return hole is opened at the top end of the magnetic switch (c) (shown in the top view), which respectively undertakes the functions of liquid medicine input and system pressure relief return, and the electrical connector (13) is arranged at the end of the magnetic switch (c), which is used for electromagnetic control power supply.

[0012] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the high-pressure metering pump (b) serves as the core for metering high-pressure liquid medicine. It consists of a plunger assembly, an outlet valve assembly, an electrode ring, and a mounting base. The plunger assembly is formed by a plunger (11) and a plunger sleeve (9) forming a precision-fitted sealing structure. The plunger (11) can be movably inserted into the internal cavity of the plunger sleeve (9). The metering pump body (10) fixes the plunger (11) and the plunger sleeve (9) and connects the plunger (11) to the outlet valve (7). The outlet valve assembly consists of an outlet valve body (8), an outlet valve (7), an outlet valve spring (5), an outlet valve seat (4), and an outlet valve cap (6). The outlet valve seat (4) is fixed to the front end of the outlet valve body (8), and the outlet valve (7) is fitted against the sealing surface of the outlet valve seat (4). One end of the outlet valve spring (5) abuts against the outlet valve (7), and the other end is limited by the outlet valve seat (4) to form a reliable pressure control structure; the electrode ring (3) is fixed to the junction of the outlet channel of the outlet valve cap (6) and the inlet channel of the sprayer body (1) through the electrode interface (2). Its central hole is coaxial with the outlet channel of the outlet valve cap (6) and the inlet channel of the sprayer body (1) to ensure that the liquid flow path is not deviated. The electrode interface (2) is connected to a high voltage electrostatic generator to provide a polarization electric field for the electrode ring (3); the plunger sleeve (9) and the outlet valve body (8) are fixed in sequence on the same mounting base. The inlet hole directly penetrates to the internal cavity of the plunger sleeve (9) to form a smooth liquid input channel.

[0013] like Figure 4 As shown, the sprayer module (a) consists of a sprayer body (5), a needle valve (1), a needle valve body (2), a pressure regulating spring (4), a push rod (3), and a ball valve (6). The needle valve (1) is movably inserted inside the needle valve body (2). The front end of the needle valve body (2) is provided with a spray hole. The front end of the needle valve (1) forms a sealing fit with the spray hole to control the opening and closing of the spray hole. The pressure regulating spring (4) is set in the internal cavity of the sprayer body (5). One end abuts against the top of the needle valve (1), and the other end transmits the force to the ball valve (6) through the push rod (3). The ball valve (6) is attached to the pressure relief channel inside the sprayer body (5) to form a pressure balance structure. The sprayer (a) is divided into two independent pressure storage chambers, namely the pressure storage chamber 1 located in the needle valve body and the pressure storage chamber 2 located in the sprayer body (5). Both pressure storage chambers are connected to the outlet channel of the high-pressure metering pump. The pressure storage chamber 2 is connected to the pressure storage chamber 1 through a branch channel. The return hole (12) is opened at the top of the electromagnetic switch (c) and connected to the pressure storage chamber 2 for drug return pressure relief. The electromagnetic switch (c) consists of an electromagnetic coil (11) and an armature core (10). The electromagnetic coil (11) is fixed at the top of the sprayer, and the armature core (10) is inserted inside the electromagnetic coil (11). Its front end is connected to the push rod (3) to form a transmission connection. The electromagnetic coil (11) is electrically connected to the control power supply terminal of the electrical connector (13) through a wire to achieve precise electromagnetic drive control. The return hole (12) is connected to the external medicine tank to form a complete medicine circulation loop.

[0014] Core working process:

[0015] As shown in Figure 2 , 3 , the liquid medicine in the external medicine box enters the plunger sleeve (9) chamber of the high-pressure quantitative pump module (b) through the liquid inlet hole, and forms a closed space with the front end of the plunger (11). Under the action of the external driving mechanism, the plunger (11) moves upward, closes the communication channel of the liquid inlet hole and extrudes the liquid medicine in the chamber. When the pressure of the liquid medicine reaches the set threshold, the pressure overcomes the pre-tightening force of the outlet valve spring (5), pushes the outlet valve (7) away from the sealing surface of the outlet valve seat (4), and the high-pressure liquid medicine is output through the outlet channel of the outlet valve cap (6). When the external driving mechanism disappears, the plunger (11) moves downward, the pressure in the chamber decreases, and the outlet valve (7) is reset to the outlet valve seat (4) under the action of the outlet valve spring (5), completing a quantitative pressure cycle. The high-pressure liquid medicine output from the high-pressure quantitative pump module (b) does not need additional flow guide pipeline, and directly flows through the center hole of the electrode ring (3). At this time, the high-voltage electrostatic generator provides high-voltage power for the electrode ring (3) through the electrode interface (2), so that the center hole of the electrode ring (3) forms a uniform electrostatic field. When the high-pressure liquid medicine flows through this area at high speed, it is instantaneously polarized by adsorbing electric charge. Because the liquid flow and pressure are stable, the uniformity of charge adsorption is significantly improved. All output liquid medicine needs to flow through the polarization area of the electrode ring (3), ensuring that no unpolarized liquid medicine enters the subsequent atomization link.

[0016] As shown in Figure 4As shown, the polarized high-pressure liquid medicine is divided into two ways into the liquid sprayer (a), the main liquid medicine directly enters the liquid storage pressure chamber 1 to provide high-pressure power for atomization, and the other way of liquid medicine enters the liquid storage pressure chamber 2 through the branch channel, so that the pressure in the liquid storage pressure chamber 2 is similar to that in the liquid storage pressure chamber 1. At this time, the pressure spring (4) exerts pressure on the ball valve (6) through the push rod (3), and the pressure of the liquid medicine in the liquid storage pressure chamber 2 is superimposed with the elastic force of the pressure spring (4), and acts on the ball valve (6) to keep it closed, maintaining the pressure balance of the liquid storage pressure chamber 2. When the electromagnetic switch (c) is not powered on, the electromagnetic coil (11) has no magnetic force, and the armature core (10) is in the initial position. The pressure in the liquid storage pressure chamber 2 is superimposed with the elastic force of the pressure spring (4) and is greater than the pressure of the liquid medicine in the liquid storage pressure chamber 1, which drives the needle valve (1) to tightly contact the nozzle of the needle valve body (2), so that the nozzle is closed, and the spray head is in a standby state without spraying. When spraying is needed, the electromagnetic coil (11) is connected to the control power supply through the electrical connector (13), and the magnetic force attracts the armature core (10) to move upward after being powered on. The liquid in the liquid storage pressure chamber 2 flows back to the external medicine tank through the backflow hole (12) through the pressure relief channel, and the pressure in the liquid storage pressure chamber 2 is instantaneously reduced. At this time, the high-pressure polarized liquid medicine in the liquid storage pressure chamber 1 overcomes the residual pressure of the liquid storage pressure chamber 2 and part of the elastic force of the pressure spring (4), and drives the needle valve (1) to move upward, so that the needle valve (1) is separated from the nozzle of the needle valve body (2), and the high-pressure polarized liquid medicine is sprayed from the nozzle at high speed. In the air, uniform charged droplets are formed, and the spraying action is completed; when the electromagnetic coil (11) is powered off, the magnetic force disappears, the armature core (10) is reset, the ball valve (6) re-closes the pressure relief channel, the pressure in the liquid storage pressure chamber 2 is restored, the needle valve (1) is reset to close the nozzle, and the spraying stops. In the whole working process, the backflow hole (12) continuously plays a role in pressure relief and pressure stabilization. When the pressure in the system is too high, the excess liquid can flow back through the backflow hole (12), avoiding the influence of pressure fluctuation on the pressure accuracy and polarization effect, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the spray head.

[0017] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and should not be used to limit the present application. It should be pointed out that any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pump-pole-jet integrated electrostatic sprayer based on high pressure positive displacement pump, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a high-pressure quantitative pump, a liquid sprayer, an electrode ring and an electromagnetic switch, wherein the high-pressure quantitative pump is a high-pressure fluid quantitative delivery structure, comprising a plunger pair and a liquid outlet valve pair, for realizing high-pressure quantitative output of the liquid medicine; the high-pressure quantitative pump is integrally arranged at the liquid inlet end of the liquid sprayer, and the interior of the two forms a continuous high-pressure liquid flow channel; the electrode ring is an annular conductive structure, fixed at the joint of the liquid outlet end of the high-pressure quantitative pump and the liquid inlet of the liquid sprayer, coaxially aligned with the liquid outlet end of the high-pressure quantitative pump and the liquid inlet of the liquid sprayer, and connected with a high-voltage static generator through an electrode interface, so that the liquid medicine output by the high-pressure quantitative pump directly flows through the central hole of the electrode ring to complete polarization; the electromagnetic switch is installed at the top end of the liquid sprayer and connected with the ball valve of the liquid sprayer through a push rod, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the needle valve; after the liquid medicine is pressurized by the high-pressure quantitative pump, it successively flows through the electrode ring for polarization and the liquid sprayer for atomization, and finally forms charged mist droplets for spraying.

2. A pump-pole-jet integrated electrostatic sprayer based on high pressure constant flow pump, characterized in that, The electromagnetic switch and the driving assembly of the high-pressure quantitative pump are linked to control the polarization of the electrode ring, so that the actions of pressurization, polarization and atomization are synchronized.

3. A pump-pole-jet integrated electrostatic sprayer based on high pressure positive displacement pump, characterized in that, The liquid inlet hole is directly connected to the plunger cavity of the high-pressure quantitative pump, and the liquid return hole is connected to the water storage pressure cavity of the liquid sprayer, for realizing the circulation of the liquid medicine and the stable system pressure.

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