Locking and releasing device for spacecraft and spacecraft

Abstract

The locking and releasing device for the spacecraft comprises a base, a shell, a sliding sleeve, a pin puller, a split nut assembly and a first spring, the base is of a cylindrical structure, and a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate are fixed to the two axial ends of the base correspondingly; the sliding sleeve slidably sleeves the base and is connected with the first mounting plate through the first spring. The shell sleeves the sliding sleeve at an interval and is fixed to the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate. The pin puller is mounted on the shell, and one end of the pin puller extends into the shell; a plurality of notches evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are formed in the side wall of the base, a first through hole communicated with the interior of the base and used for ejecting the locking rod is formed in the middle of the first mounting plate, a split nut assembly used for locking the locking rod is mounted in the base, and a plurality of sets of connecting lug plates evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are fixed to the outer side wall of the split nut assembly. The multiple sets of connecting lug plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple notches and penetrate through the notches through connecting rods to be hinged to the sliding sleeve.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the field of aerospace technology, in particular to a locking and releasing device for a spacecraft and the spacecraft. BACKGROUND

[0002] The compact releasing mechanism is common in the field of aerospace, and is mainly used for unlocking and separating or unfolding equipment on a spacecraft. At present, most satellites and spaceships are mainly sent into a predetermined orbit by a carrier rocket, and the satellite, the spaceship and the carrier rocket need to be in a locked state before launching, and are unlocked and separated after reaching the predetermined orbit. Similarly, various devices carried on the satellite and the spaceship are limited by the size of the rocket fairing and have to be in a folded state before launching, and are unfolded or separated after entering the orbit to complete the corresponding tasks. At this time, the compact releasing mechanism is needed to compact the devices that need to be unfolded or separated, and to complete the unlocking action after entering the orbit. SUMMARY

[0003] The application provides a locking and releasing device for a spacecraft and the spacecraft to solve one or several technical problems in the prior art.

[0004] The technical scheme for solving the above technical problem is as follows: the application provides a locking and releasing device for a spacecraft, which comprises a base, a shell, a sliding sleeve, a pin extractor, a split nut assembly and a first spring. The base is in a cylindrical structure and axially fixed with a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate at two ends, respectively. The sliding sleeve is slidably sleeved outside the base and connected with the first mounting plate through the first spring. The shell is spacedly sleeved outside the sliding sleeve and fixed with the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, respectively. The pin extractor is installed on the shell and one end thereof extends into the shell. A plurality of slots are arranged on the side wall of the base in a circumferential direction. The first mounting plate has a first through hole in the middle for communicating with the inside of the base and locking the rod. The split nut assembly is installed in the base for locking the locking rod. A plurality of connecting lug plates are fixed on the outer side wall of the split nut assembly in a circumferential direction. The plurality of connecting lug plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of slots and hinged with the sliding sleeve through connecting rods. In the locked state, the pin extractor is adapted to abut against the side of the sliding sleeve away from the first spring, and the first spring is in a compressed state. The connecting rods are arranged in a radial extension direction of the split nut assembly. The split nut assembly is folded and locks the locking rod. In the released state, the pin extractor is pulled out, the sliding sleeve moves away from the first mounting plate under the action of the first spring, and the connecting rods pull the split nut assembly to open and release the locking rod.

[0005] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the present application opens the split nut assembly by opening a notch on the side wall of the base and using a connecting rod to cooperate with the sliding sleeve to pull, compared with the contact surface force crushing problem that may occur when using a steel ball for locking, the connecting rod mechanism can realize larger locking force and better locking stability.

[0006] Based on the above technical solutions, the present application can also be improved as follows.

[0007] Further, each group of connecting ear plates includes two connecting ear plates arranged in parallel to the axis direction of the split nut assembly, and the two connecting ear plates are respectively hinged to the two ends of the sliding sleeve through connecting rods, the two connecting rods connected to the two connecting ear plates are arranged in parallel and can swing in the corresponding notches, and the connecting point lines of the two connecting ear plates and the corresponding two connecting point lines of the sliding sleeve are parallel to the axis of the split nut assembly.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: two connecting ear plates as a group can realize stable hinging with the sliding sleeve.

[0009] Further, the end faces of the two ends of the sliding sleeve are respectively provided with a plurality of lugs, and the plurality of lugs and the plurality of connecting ear plates are one-to-one corresponding and hinged through connecting rods.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: by setting the lugs, the stable hinging between the sliding sleeve and the connecting rod is facilitated.

[0011] Further, the end face of one end of the sliding sleeve away from the first mounting plate is fixed with a baffle, the baffle is sleeved outside the base, and the first spring is sleeved outside the sliding sleeve and connected to the first mounting plate and the baffle at both ends.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: by setting the baffle, the connection and fixation of the first spring are facilitated.

[0013] Further, a limiting step is arranged on the outer side wall of the base, the step surface of the limiting step is arranged towards the second mounting plate, and when the puller and the side of the sliding sleeve away from the first spring are adapted to abut, the sliding sleeve is limited on the step surface of the limiting step.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: by setting the limiting step, the limiting with the sliding sleeve is facilitated.

[0015] Further, the number of notches is three, and three groups of connecting ear plates are fixed on the outer side wall of the split nut assembly and arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction.

[0016] Furthermore, a first top block is installed on the inner side of the first mounting plate. The first top block has a second through hole that communicates with the first through hole and is used for the locking rod to pass through. A second top block is installed on the inner side of the second mounting plate. The first top block and the second top block are respectively located at both ends of the split nut assembly in the axial direction and are arranged coaxially with the split nut assembly. The two end faces of the split nut assembly in the axial direction are concave conical surfaces. The two end faces of the first top block and the second top block that are arranged opposite to each other are convex conical surfaces. The two concave conical surfaces of the split nut assembly in the axial direction are respectively in sliding engagement with the convex conical surfaces of the first top block and the second top block.

[0017] Furthermore, a second spring is fixed in the middle of the second mounting plate. The second spring is located inside the base and is arranged coaxially with the base. The free end of the second spring is connected to the second top block.

[0018] Furthermore, the base, housing, and sliding sleeve are all cylindrical structures, and reinforcing ribs are provided on the inner sidewalls of the housing and the sliding sleeve.

[0019] The present invention also provides a spacecraft, including a spacecraft locking and releasing device as described above, and further including a spacecraft body and a device to be released, wherein the housing is fixed on the spacecraft body and the device to be released is connected and fixed to the locking rod.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the spacecraft of the present invention uses a linkage assembly for locking and releasing, which can achieve a larger locking force and better locking stability. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the locking and releasing device for spacecraft according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the base of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the housing of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding sleeve of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the split nut of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the locking state of the spacecraft locking and releasing device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram showing the released state of the locking and releasing device for spacecraft according to the present invention.

[0022] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Base; 11. First mounting plate; 12. Second mounting plate; 13. Groove; 14. First through hole; 15. First top block; 16. Second top block; 17. Second spring; 18. Second through hole; 19. Slider; 190. Limiting step; 2. Housing; 21. Pin puller; 22. First reinforcing rib; 3. Sliding sleeve; 31. Baffle; 32. Lug; 33. First spring; 34. Second reinforcing rib; 35. Connecting rod; 4. Split nut; 41. Third spring; 42. Connecting ear plate; 43. Slide groove; 5. Locking rod. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1 like Figures 1-7 As shown, a spacecraft locking and releasing device according to this embodiment includes a base 1, a housing 2, a sliding sleeve 3, a puller 21, a split nut assembly, and a first spring 33. The base 1 has a cylindrical structure and a first mounting plate 11 and a second mounting plate 12 are fixed at its two axial ends, respectively. The sliding sleeve 3 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the base 1 and connected to the first mounting plate 11 through the first spring 33. The housing 2 is spacedly sleeved on the outside of the sliding sleeve 3 and fixed to the first mounting plate 11 and the second mounting plate 12, respectively. The puller 21 is mounted on the housing 2 and has one end... The base 1 extends into the housing 2; multiple slots 13 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the side wall of the base 1; the first mounting plate 11 has a first through hole 14 in the middle that communicates with the interior of the base 1 and is used for the locking rod 5 to pop out; a split nut assembly for locking the locking rod 5 is also installed in the base 1; multiple sets of connecting ear plates 42 are fixed on the outer side wall of the split nut assembly; the multiple sets of connecting ear plates 42 are respectively arranged in correspondence with the multiple slots 13 and are hinged to the sliding sleeve 3 through the slots 13 via the connecting rod 35; In the locked state, the puller 21 is adapted to abut against the side of the sliding sleeve 3 away from the first spring 33, and the first spring 33 is in a compressed state. The connecting rod 35 extends radially along the split nut assembly, and the split nut assembly closes and locks the locking rod 5. In the released state, the puller 21 is pulled out, and the sliding sleeve 3 moves away from the first mounting plate 11 under the action of the first spring 33 and pulls the connecting rod 35 to open the split nut assembly and release the locking rod 5.

[0025] like Figure 2As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the number of slots 13 is three, and three sets of connecting ear plates 42 are fixed on the outer wall of the split nut assembly and evenly arranged in the circumferential direction.

[0026] like Figures 1-4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the base 1, housing 2, and sliding sleeve 3 are all cylindrical structures, and reinforcing ribs are provided on the inner sidewalls of the housing 2 and the sliding sleeve 3. Specifically, as shown... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the inner wall of the housing 2 in this embodiment is provided with a first reinforcing rib 22, and the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 3 in this embodiment is provided with a second reinforcing rib 34. The first reinforcing rib 22 extends to both end faces of the housing 2 in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the housing 2, and the second reinforcing rib 34 extends to both end faces of the sliding sleeve 3 in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the sliding sleeve 3. The lugs 32 on the sliding sleeve 3 can be fixed to the two ends of the corresponding second reinforcing ribs 34. The provision of reinforcing ribs can ensure that the sliding sleeve 3 and the housing 2 can withstand large radial forces.

[0027] Specifically, in this embodiment, the pin puller 21 is preferably an SMA pin puller.

[0028] This embodiment uses a segmented nut assembly commonly used in clamping and releasing devices. The segmented nut assembly includes multiple segmented nuts, which are brought together to form a single complete nut. Each segmented nut can only move radially within the base, and the movement directions of all segments are the same. Each segmented nut is connected to a sliding sleeve via a connecting rod. The segmented nuts, connecting rod, and sliding sleeve together form a four-bar linkage. In the locked state of the four-bar linkage, the radial force borne by the segmented nut is parallel to the line connecting the centers of the two circular holes on the connecting rod, forming a "dead point" position, allowing the mechanism to withstand a large load-bearing capacity and a small unlocking force. Several cylindrical holes are pre-drilled on the mating surfaces of the multiple segmented nuts, and a third spring 41 is placed in each of these holes. After the pin puller unlocks, the multiple segmented nuts can quickly move radially under the force of the third spring 41.

[0029] In this embodiment, the inner cylindrical surface of the sliding sleeve 3 and the outer cylindrical surface of the base 1 are fitted together, and the two are coaxial, and the sliding sleeve 3 can only move along its axis.

[0030] In this embodiment, a slot is opened on the side wall of the base, and the split nut assembly is opened by using a connecting rod and a sliding sleeve. Compared with the problem of crushing of the contact surface force that may occur when using steel balls for locking, the linkage mechanism can achieve a larger locking force and better locking stability.

[0031] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a preferred arrangement for the connecting ear plate 42. For example...Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, each set of connecting lugs 42 in this embodiment includes two connecting lugs 42 spaced apart along a direction parallel to the axis of the split nut assembly. The two connecting lugs 42 are respectively hinged to both ends of the sliding sleeve 3 along the axial direction via connecting rods 35. The two connecting rods 35 connected to the two connecting lugs 42 are arranged parallel to each other and can swing within the corresponding slots 13. The line connecting the hinge points of the two connecting lugs 42 and the line connecting the corresponding two hinge points on the sliding sleeve 3 are both parallel to the axis of the split nut assembly. The two connecting lugs, as a set, can achieve a stable hinge connection with the sliding sleeve.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the sliding sleeve 3 has multiple lugs 32 on its two axial end faces, and the multiple lugs 32 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple connecting lug plates 42 and are hinged to each other by the connecting rod 35. By providing lugs, a stable hinge connection between the sliding sleeve and the connecting rod is facilitated.

[0033] In this embodiment, the connecting lug 42, connecting rod 35, and lug 32 on the outer wall of the split nut assembly together constitute a parallel four-bar linkage. The sliding sleeve 3 is in a downward movement tendency under the action of the first spring 33. Due to the constraint of the pin at the end of the pin puller, the sliding sleeve 3 cannot move downward. When the pin puller is powered, its end pin retracts, the sliding sleeve contacts the constraint, and moves downward under the action of the first spring 33, while driving the connecting rod and the split nut to move. At this time, the multi-lobed split nut moves radially at the same time, thereby achieving the purpose of unlocking the locking rod.

[0034] Example 3 Based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, this embodiment provides a preferred structure for the sliding sleeve 3. For example... Figure 1 As shown, a baffle 31 is fixed to one end face of the sliding sleeve 3 opposite to the first mounting plate 11. The baffle 31 is sleeved on the outside of the base 1. The first spring 33 is sleeved on the outside of the sliding sleeve 3, and its two ends are respectively connected to the first mounting plate 11 and the baffle 31. The baffle facilitates the connection and fixation of the first spring.

[0035] Example 4 Based on any of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a preferred structure for the base 1. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, a limiting step 190 is provided on the outer side wall of the base 1. The step surface of the limiting step 190 faces the second mounting plate 12. When the puller 21 and the sliding sleeve 3 are adapted to abut against the side away from the first spring 33, the sliding sleeve 3 abuts against the step surface of the limiting step 190 for limiting. By setting the limiting step, it is convenient to cooperate with the sliding sleeve for limiting.

[0036] Example 5 Based on any of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a preferred structure for a split nut assembly. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, a first top block 15 is installed on the inner side of the first mounting plate 11. The first top block 15 has a second through hole 18 that communicates with the first through hole 14 and is used for the locking rod 5 to pass through. A second top block 16 is installed on the inner side of the second mounting plate 12. The first top block 15 and the second top block 16 are located at the two ends of the split nut assembly in the axial direction and are arranged coaxially with the split nut assembly. The two end faces of the split nut assembly in the axial direction are concave conical surfaces. The two end faces of the first top block 15 and the second top block 16 arranged opposite to each other are convex conical surfaces. The two concave conical surfaces of the split nut assembly in the axial direction are slidably engaged with the convex conical surfaces of the first top block 15 and the second top block 16, respectively.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a second spring 17 is fixed in the middle of the second mounting plate 12. The second spring 17 is located inside the base 1 and is arranged coaxially with the base 1. The free end of the second spring 17 is connected to the second top block 16.

[0038] Specifically, both ends of a single split nut 4 are inclined planes, and the slope of the inclined planes is the same as that of the first top block 15 and the second top block 16. When multiple split nuts 4 form a complete nut, when subjected to tensile force along the nut axis, it has a certain radial force component. After unlocking, it can ensure reliable force component of the nut. This slope should be greater than the friction angle generated. The inner hole of a single split nut 4 is an incomplete thread, and the upper and lower end faces are inclined planes for fitting with the first top block 15 and the second top block 16. Several cylindrical holes are provided on the mating surfaces of the nuts. These cylindrical holes are used to place the third spring 41. The third spring 41 is used for the rapid opening of the nut. One end face of the split nut 4 is provided with a sliding groove 43. This sliding groove 43 is used to cooperate with the slider 19 on the first top block 15 to ensure that the split nut does not rotate along the axis during the tightening process. Multiple connecting ear plates 42 are reserved on the outer circular wall of the split nut 4. The connecting ear plates 42 are reserved with connecting holes for hinged connection with the connecting rod 35.

[0039] In the locked state, the locking and releasing device of this embodiment has multiple split nuts 4 retracting and forming a complete thread under the action of the connecting rod 35 and the sliding sleeve 3. The locking rod 5 is a threaded rod that can be screwed into the retracted nuts and press against the equipment that needs to be locked. When it is necessary to unlock, the pin puller 21 is powered, the pin at the end retracts and releases the restriction of the baffle. The baffle 31 and the sliding sleeve 3 are fixedly connected. Under the action of the first spring 33, the sliding sleeve 3 moves downward and drives the connecting rod 35 to rotate. At the same time, the split nuts 4 move radially, thereby separating the locking rod 5 and the split nuts 4, achieving the purpose of unlocking.

[0040] Example 6 This embodiment provides a spacecraft, including a spacecraft locking and releasing device as described in any of the above embodiments, and also includes a spacecraft body and a device to be released. The housing 2 is fixed on the spacecraft body, and the device to be released is connected and fixed to the locking rod 5.

[0041] The spacecraft in this embodiment uses a linkage assembly for locking and releasing, which can achieve a larger locking force and better locking stability.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0044] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0046] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locking and releasing device for spacecraft, characterized in that, The device includes a base, a housing, a sliding sleeve, a pin puller, a split nut assembly, and a first spring. The base has a cylindrical structure with a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate fixed at its two axial ends, respectively. The sliding sleeve is slidably fitted outside the base and connected to the first mounting plate via the first spring. The housing is spaced outside the sliding sleeve and fixed to the first and second mounting plates, respectively. The pin puller is mounted on the housing and one end extends into the housing. The base has multiple slots evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on its side wall. The first mounting plate has a first through hole in the middle that communicates with the interior of the base and is used for the locking rod to pop out. The base is also equipped with a split nut assembly for locking the locking rod. Multiple sets of connecting lugs evenly arranged in the circumferential direction are fixed on the outer side wall of the split nut assembly. The multiple sets of connecting lugs are respectively arranged in correspondence with the multiple slots and are hinged to the sliding sleeve through the slots by connecting rods. In the locked state, the puller is adapted to abut against the side of the sliding sleeve away from the first spring, compressing the first spring. The connecting rod extends radially along the split nut assembly, and the split nut assembly closes to lock the locking rod. In the released state, the puller is pulled out, and the sliding sleeve moves away from the first mounting plate under the action of the first spring, pulling the connecting rod to open the split nut assembly and release the locking rod.

2. The locking and releasing device for spacecraft according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each set of connecting lugs includes two connecting lugs spaced apart along a direction parallel to the axis of the split nut assembly. The two connecting lugs are respectively hinged to both ends of the sliding sleeve via connecting rods. The two connecting rods connected to the two connecting lugs are arranged in parallel and can swing within the corresponding slots. The line connecting the hinge points of the two connecting lugs and the line connecting the two corresponding hinge points on the sliding sleeve are both parallel to the axis of the split nut assembly.

3. The locking and releasing device for spacecraft according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sliding sleeve has multiple lugs on both ends of its axial direction. The multiple lugs are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple connecting lug plates and are hinged together by connecting rods.

4. The locking and releasing device for spacecraft according to claim 1, characterized in that, A baffle is fixed to one end face of the sliding sleeve away from the first mounting plate. The baffle is sleeved outside the base. The first spring is sleeved outside the sliding sleeve and its two ends are respectively connected to the first mounting plate and the baffle.

5. The locking and releasing device for spacecraft according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limiting step is provided on the outer side wall of the base. The step surface of the limiting step is arranged facing the second mounting plate. When the puller and the sliding sleeve are adapted to abut against the side away from the first spring, the sliding sleeve abuts against the step surface of the limiting step to limit the position.

6. The locking and releasing device for spacecraft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of slots is three, and three sets of connecting lugs are fixed on the outer wall of the split nut assembly, which are evenly arranged circumferentially.

7. A locking and releasing device for a spacecraft according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, A first top block is mounted on the inner side of the first mounting plate. The first top block has a second through hole that communicates with the first through hole and is used for the locking rod to pass through. A second top block is mounted on the inner side of the second mounting plate. The first top block and the second top block are located at the two ends of the split nut assembly along the axial direction and are arranged coaxially with the split nut assembly. The two end faces of the split nut assembly along the axial direction are concave conical surfaces. The two end faces of the first top block and the second top block that are arranged opposite to each other are convex conical surfaces. The two concave conical surfaces of the split nut assembly along the axial direction are slidably engaged with the convex conical surfaces of the first top block and the second top block, respectively.

8. The locking and releasing device for spacecraft according to claim 7, characterized in that, A second spring is fixed in the middle of the second mounting plate. The second spring is located inside the base and is arranged coaxially with the base. The free end of the second spring is connected to the second top block.

9. A locking and releasing device for a spacecraft according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and 8, characterized in that, The base, shell, and sliding sleeve are all cylindrical structures, and reinforcing ribs are provided on the inner sidewalls of the shell and the sliding sleeve.

10. A spacecraft, characterized in that, The device includes a spacecraft locking and releasing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and further includes a spacecraft body and a device to be released, wherein the housing is fixed to the spacecraft body and the device to be released is connected and fixed to the locking rod.

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