Bolt clamping and overturning mechanism

Abstract

The invention provides a bolt clamping and overturning mechanism, and relates to the technical field of feeding equipment. Comprising a mounting base and further comprises a rotation driving device and a turnover mechanism, and the turnover mechanism comprises a turnover block connected with the rotation driving device; one end of the overturning block is provided with a pneumatic claw for clamping a bolt, and the other end of the overturning block is connected with a stroke limiting block; a first buffer and a second buffer which are arranged according to a preset angle are arranged on the mounting seat; the rotary driving device is suitable for driving the overturning block to rotate so as to be switched between a first angle position and a second angle position, so that the orientation angle of the bolt clamped on the pneumatic claw is switched; when the overturning block rotates to a first angle position, the stroke limiting block is buffered and limited through the first buffer, and when the overturning block is switched from the first angle position to a second angle position, the stroke limiting block is buffered and limited through the second buffer. According to the scheme, the orientation switching of the bolt can be realized, and the multi-angle mounting requirement is met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of feeding equipment, in particular to a bolt clamping and overturning mechanism. BACKGROUND

[0002] In automated assembly production lines, the feeding and installation of bolts are common processes. Existing bolt feeding devices usually adopt a vertical direction discharging mode. Although this design can meet the needs of most vertical installation scenarios, it has obvious limitations when encountering special working conditions that require horizontal locking of bolts. In order to adapt to the needs of different installation angles, traditional solutions often require additional configuration of special feeding devices or manual intervention to adjust the bolt orientation, which not only increases the complexity and floor area of the equipment, but also significantly increases the equipment cost. In addition, frequent manual intervention also reduces production efficiency and increases the risk of human error. Especially in high-precision assembly occasions, the precise control of bolt orientation directly affects the assembly quality and product performance, and the existing technology is difficult to achieve rapid and accurate switching of bolt orientation. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a bolt clamping and overturning mechanism to solve the above technical problems.

[0004] The present application adopts the following scheme: a bolt clamping and overturning mechanism, comprising a mounting seat, further comprising: a rotary drive device and an overturning mechanism, the overturning mechanism comprising an overturning block connected with the rotary drive device; wherein one end of the overturning block is provided with a pneumatic gripper for clamping a bolt, and the other end is connected with a stroke limiting block; a first buffer and a second buffer arranged at a preset angle are provided on the mounting seat; the rotary drive device is adapted to drive the overturning block to rotate to switch between a first angle position and a second angle position, thereby switching the orientation angle of the bolt clamped on the pneumatic gripper; when the overturning block rotates to the first angle position, the stroke limiting block is buffered and limited by the first buffer, and when the overturning block switches from the first angle position to the second angle position, the stroke limiting block is buffered and limited by the second buffer.

[0005] Further, the first buffer and the second buffer are perpendicular to each other, and when the overturning block rotates to the first angle position, the bolt is in a horizontal orientation, and when the overturning block rotates to the second angle position, the bolt is in a vertical orientation.

[0006] Further, the rotating driving device comprises a telescopic cylinder, a rack connected to the telescopic cylinder, and a gear connected to the mounting base and engaged with the rack, the gear being connected to the overturning block through a transmission shaft; the telescopic cylinder is configured to control the forward rotation or reverse rotation of the overturning block through telescopic movement, so as to switch the overturning block between the first angle position and the second angle position.

[0007] Further, a guide block is arranged on the mounting base, and a guide groove is arranged on the guide block to match the T-shaped guide structure on the rack.

[0008] Further, the stroke limiting block forms a "Z" shape, and a first limiting surface adapted to be in contact with the first buffer and a second limiting surface adapted to be in contact with the second buffer are formed on the stroke limiting block; the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface are parallel to each other.

[0009] Further, the overturning block is connected with a placing block, and a through groove for placing a bolt is formed on the placing block; through holes for the air claws to extend into are arranged on both sides of the through groove; wherein the air claws comprise a pneumatic mechanism and a clamping claw connected to the pneumatic mechanism and adapted to extend into the through hole, and an arc-shaped surface matched with the outer surface of the bolt is formed on the clamping claw to clamp the bolt.

[0010] Further, an elastic coupling is arranged between the overturning block and the transmission shaft.

[0011] Further, the placing block can be detachably mounted on the overturning block for replacement.

[0012] Advantages: The bolt clamping and overturning mechanism provided by the present application can switch the overturning block between two preset angle positions through the rotating driving device, and can realize accurate positioning in cooperation with the buffer, thereby solving the problem that the bolt orientation adjustment in the prior art needs to rely on multiple sets of equipment or manual intervention, and having the significant advantages of improving assembly efficiency and reducing equipment cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a bolt clamping and overturning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a bolt clamping and overturning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application from another perspective; Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a placing block of a bolt clamping and overturning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application; Reference signs: Mounting seat 1, turnover block 2, stroke limiting block 3, first buffer 4, second buffer 5, air claw 6, photoelectric sensor 7, placement block 8, through slot 81, through hole 82, telescopic air cylinder 9, rack 10, gear 11, guide block 12, bolt 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In combination Figs. 1-3 As shown, the bolt clamping and overturning mechanism provided by the embodiment includes a mounting seat 1, and further includes a rotary driving device and an overturning mechanism, the overturning mechanism including a turnover block 2 connected with the rotary driving device; wherein one end of the turnover block 2 is provided with an air claw 6 for clamping a bolt 13, and the other end is connected with a stroke limiting block 3; the mounting seat 1 is provided with a first buffer 4 and a second buffer 5 arranged at a preset angle; the rotary driving device is adapted to drive the turnover block 2 to rotate to switch between a first angle position and a second angle position, so as to switch the orientation angle of the bolt 13 clamped on the air claw 6; when the turnover block 2 rotates to the first angle position, the stroke limiting block 3 is buffered and limited by the first buffer 4, and when the turnover block 2 switches from the first angle position to the second angle position, the stroke limiting block 3 is buffered and limited by the second buffer 5.

[0015] In the embodiment, the rotary driving device refers to an execution element capable of outputting rotary power, which can be realized by a cylinder cooperating with a gear 11 and a rack 10 mechanism. The linear motion of the cylinder is converted into the rotary motion of the gear 11, thereby driving the turnover block 2 to rotate. The stroke limiting block 3 refers to a rigid component fixed at the end of the turnover block 2, which produces a damping effect when it contacts with the buffer, thereby limiting the continuous rotation of the turnover block 2. The first buffer 4 and the second buffer 5 refer to elastic elements installed at fixed positions, which can be specifically hydraulic buffers or rubber shock absorbers, used for absorbing the impact energy when the turnover block 2 is in place, thereby ensuring the positioning accuracy. The air claw 6 refers to an execution mechanism with clamping function, which can adopt a double-claw structure driven by air pressure, and the opening and closing of the clamping claw is controlled by air pressure change, thereby realizing the stable grabbing of the bolt 13. When it is necessary to switch the orientation of the bolt 13, the rotary driving device drives the turnover block 2 to rotate around the axis. The turnover block 2 drives the air claw 6 and the stroke limiting block 3 to rotate synchronously, and when the stroke limiting block 3 contacts with the first buffer 4, the turnover block 2 stops at the horizontal locking position, at which time the bolt 13 on the air claw 6 is in a horizontal state; when the rotary driving device reverses, the turnover block 2 rotates until the stroke limiting block 3 contacts with the second buffer 5, at which time the bolt 13 on the air claw 6 is switched to a vertical state. The buffer absorbs kinetic energy through elastic deformation, thereby avoiding rigid collision to cause the bolt 13 to fall off or positioning deviation. The whole process does not need to adjust the direction of the feeding device, and only a single overturning mechanism can complete the conversion of the two locking postures.

[0016] By integrating the reversible clamping module, the bolt 13 orientation adjustment is completed by using the rotary switching mechanism while keeping the feeding direction unchanged. This not only simplifies the equipment structure and reduces the floor area, but also avoids the timing control problem caused by the cooperation of multiple systems. In addition, the cooperation design of the buffer and the stroke limiting block 3 effectively solves the impact problem when rotating to the position, ensuring the stability of the bolt 13 clamping.

[0017] In combination Figs. 1-2 As shown in the embodiment, the first buffer 4 and the second buffer 5 are perpendicular to each other, the bolt 13 is in a horizontal orientation when the turnover block 2 is rotated to a first angle position, and the bolt 13 is in a vertical orientation when the turnover block 2 is rotated to a second angle position. The axes of the two buffers form a right-angled limiting device, which is realized by using a hydraulic buffer or a rubber damper, and the installation position corresponds to the limit position of the movement track of the turnover block 2. The bolt 13 axis is parallel to the ground in the horizontal orientation, and the bolt 13 axis is perpendicular to the ground in the vertical orientation, and the two states can be switched by the rotation angle of the turnover block 2. The stroke limiting block 3 is a rigid member that moves synchronously with the turnover block 2, and the contact surface matches the shape of the impact surface of the buffer. When the rotary drive device drives the turnover block 2 to rotate to the first angle position, the stroke limiting block 3 contacts the first buffer 4 and stops moving, at which time the bolt 13 clamped by the air claw 6 remains in a horizontal state. When it is needed to switch to a vertical state, the rotary drive device drives the turnover block 2 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the stroke limiting block 3 contacts the second buffer 5 after the first buffer 4 is disengaged to complete the limiting. By using two vertically arranged buffers corresponding to the horizontal and vertical stations respectively, the accurate switching of the bolt 13 orientation is realized, and the combination of the buffer and the stroke limiting block 3 reduces the complexity of the equipment. Through the above technical scheme, the bolt 13 horizontal and vertical state switching can be completed in a single mechanism, without the need to configure two sets of feeding devices, effectively reducing the equipment manufacturing cost. The bolt 13 orientation switching process is realized by mechanical limiting, avoiding the positioning deviation caused by sensor misjudgment in the traditional scheme, and improving the reliability of the assembly operation.

[0018] In this embodiment, the rotating drive device comprises a telescopic cylinder 9, a rack 10 connected to the telescopic cylinder 9, and a gear 11 connected to the mounting base 1 and engaged with the rack 10, the gear 11 being connected to the turnover block 2 through a transmission shaft. The telescopic cylinder 9 is configured to control the forward rotation or reverse rotation of the turnover block 2 through telescopic movement, so as to switch the turnover block 2 between the first angle position and the second angle position. The telescopic cylinder 9 controls the extension or retraction of the piston rod by controlling the intake direction, thereby driving the rack 10 to move. When the rack 10 is engaged with the gear 11, the linear motion is converted into rotary motion. When the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 9 is extended, the rack 10 moves in a linear direction and drives the gear 11 to rotate counterclockwise, and the transmission shaft transmits the rotary motion to the turnover block 2, so that the turnover block 2 switches from the first angle position to the second angle position. When the piston rod is retracted, the rack 10 moves reversely and drives the gear 11 to rotate clockwise, and the turnover block 2 reversely rotates to the first angle position. By controlling the stroke length of the telescopic cylinder 9, the rotation angle of the turnover block 2 can be accurately adjusted, and the stable switching between the horizontal and vertical orientations of the bolt 13 clamped by the gas claw 6 is ensured.

[0019] Here, a guide block 12 is provided on the mounting base 1, and a guide groove is provided on the guide block 12 to match the T-shaped guide structure on the rack 10. The guide groove can be formed by milling, and its profile matches the T-shaped guide structure on the rack 10. The cooperation between the groove and the protrusion realizes the linear guidance of the rack 10, solves the problem of unstable movement track of the rack 10, and makes the gear 11 and rack 10 transmission system maintain accurate meshing state during the turnover action, avoiding transmission failure or part wear caused by the offset of the rack 10, thereby improving the operation reliability of the bolt 13 clamping and turnover mechanism.

[0020] In the preferred embodiment, a photoelectric sensor 7 is arranged near the position of the turnover block 2 close to the gas claw 6 to detect whether the bolt 13 on the gas claw 6 is in place. The installation position of the photoelectric sensor 7 is limited near the clamping area of the gas claw 6, and whether the bolt 13 is in the clamping station is judged by the change of light beam emission and reception state. The detection of whether the bolt 13 is in place refers to the verification of the completion state of the clamping action of the gas claw 6, that is, to judge whether there is a shortage of materials. During the clamping action of the gas claw 6, the photoelectric sensor 7 continuously monitors the light path state of the clamping area. When the gas claw 6 completes the clamping action, if the bolt 13 is clamped correctly, its outer surface will completely block the sensor light path, triggering the in-place signal output; if the gas claw 6 does not clamp the bolt 13 or the bolt 13 deviates beyond the allowed range, the sensor light path remains unobstructed, and the system will determine that the clamping fails and trigger an alarm. This detection mechanism is interlocked with the motion control of the turnover mechanism, and only after the photoelectric sensor 7 confirms that the bolt 13 is in place, the rotating drive device is allowed to perform the turnover action.

[0021] In this embodiment, the stroke limiting block 3 forms a Z shape, and a first limiting surface adapted to be in contact with the first buffer 4 and a second limiting surface adapted to be in contact with the second buffer 5 are formed on the stroke limiting block 3; the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface are parallel to each other. When the turnover block 2 is rotated to a first angle position under the control of the rotary driving device, the first limiting surface of the stroke limiting block 3 is in contact with the first buffer 4 to absorb the impact of rotational inertia through the buffer; when the turnover block 2 is switched to a second angle position, the second limiting surface of the stroke limiting block 3 is in contact with the second buffer 5.

[0022] In combination Figs. 1-3 As shown in the embodiment, the turnover block 2 is connected with a placement block 8, and a through slot 81 for placing a bolt 13 is formed on the placement block 8, and a through hole 82 for the air claw 6 to extend into is arranged on both sides of the through slot 81, the air claw 6 includes a pneumatic mechanism and a clamping claw connected to the pneumatic mechanism and adapted to extend into the through hole 82, and an arc surface matched with the outer surface of the bolt 13 is formed on the clamping claw to clamp the bolt 13. The through slot 81 of the placement block 8 is used to accommodate the main body of the bolt 13 and limit the radial movement thereof, and the width of the through slot 81 is smaller than the diameter of the head of the bolt 13, so that the bolt 13 can be prevented from falling off from the through slot 81. The through hole 82 is a passage extending through both sides of the placement block 8, allowing the clamping claw to pass through the through hole 82 to contact the bolt 13. The air claw 6 refers to a clamping device driven by a pneumatic mechanism, which can be achieved by cooperating a double air cylinder with a connecting rod mechanism, and the opening and closing of the clamping claw are controlled by air pressure. The clamping claw directly contacts the clamping part of the bolt 13, and the clamping part is provided with an arc surface matched with the outer circular surface of the bolt 13 to increase the contact area. The longitudinal extension design of the through slot 81 makes the bolt 13 keep the axis stable during the turnover process, avoiding the position deviation caused by gravity or inertia. The arc surface of the clamping claw forms a surface contact with the outer circular surface of the bolt 13, which can reduce the risk of local stress concentration compared with the traditional flat clamping claw. By integrating the placement block 8 and the through slot 81 structure, the bolt 13 is positioned when clamped, and the cooperation design of the through hole 82 and the clamping claw realizes the synchronous execution of clamping and turnover action, reducing the process switching time. In the preferred embodiment, the placement block 8 is detachably installed on the turnover block 2 by a screw mechanism or the like, so that different placement blocks 8 with different through slot 81 sizes can be replaced according to different specifications of the bolt 13 to adapt to different bolt 13 feeding. The clamping and positioning integration is realized by the cooperation of the through slot 81 and the clamping claw, which reduces the risk of slipping or loosening of the bolt 13 during the turnover process, and simplifies the equipment structure.

[0023] In another embodiment, the placement block 8 can be connected with a micro vibrator, which is used to perform micro vibration when the bolt is placed in the through slot 81, so that the main part of the bolt falls into the through slot completely, preventing the bolt from being tilted and stuck in the mouth of the through slot 81, so that the bolt cannot be clamped horizontally or vertically.

[0024] In another preferred embodiment, an elastic coupling is arranged between the turning block 2 and the transmission shaft. The elastic coupling can compensate for slight deviations between the transmission shaft and the turning block 2 on the one hand, and can absorb vibrations and improve the smoothness of the system on the other hand. By adjusting the elastic coefficient of the elastic coupling between the transmission shaft and the turning block 2, the turning block 2 can better adapt to the uneven force. The elastic coupling refers to a flexible connecting component connecting the transmission shaft and the turning block 2, which can be realized by using an existing spring coupling to compensate for the axis offset or angle deviation between the two. The stiffness parameter of the coupling can be adjusted according to the actual working condition, so that the turning block 2 can achieve dynamic balance when subjected to external impact or load fluctuation.

[0025] When the transmission shaft drives the turning block 2 to rotate, the elastic coupling absorbs the instantaneous impact generated during the transmission of the gear 11 and the rack 10 by its elastic deformation, and allows a slight angle deviation between the transmission shaft and the turning block 2, avoiding mechanical jam caused by rigid connection. When the turning block 2 is subjected to uneven torque due to the position deviation of the air claw 6 clamping the bolt 13, the elastic coupling buffers the local stress by elastic deformation, thereby maintaining the continuity of the turning action. The introduction of the elastic coupling reduces the influence of vibration on the clamping stability of the air claw 6, and significantly improves the compatibility of the equipment to different working conditions.

[0026] The above embodiment scheme quickly turns the bolt 13 with simple power and reliable mechanism, and then realizes subsequent automatic locking of the bolt 13, which is reliable in structure, convenient to adjust, time-saving and labor-saving.

[0027] It should be understood that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the above embodiment. Any technical solution falling within the scope of the present application is within the protection scope of the present application.

[0028] The above introduction of the drawings used in the embodiments only shows some embodiments of the present application, and should not be considered as limiting the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the above drawings without creative labor.

Claims

1. A bolt clamping and flipping mechanism, comprising a mounting base, characterized in that, Also includes: A rotary drive device and a flipping mechanism, wherein the flipping mechanism includes a flipping block connected to the rotary drive device; wherein... One end of the flipping block is equipped with a pneumatic gripper for clamping bolts, and the other end is connected to a travel limit block; The mounting base is provided with a first buffer and a second buffer arranged at a preset angle; The rotary drive device is adapted to drive the flipping block to rotate to switch between a first angular position and a second angular position, thereby switching the orientation angle of the bolt held on the pneumatic gripper; when the flipping block rotates to the first angular position, the stroke limit block is buffered and limited by the first buffer; when the flipping block switches from the first angular position to the second angular position, the stroke limit block is buffered and limited by the second buffer.

2. The bolt clamping and flipping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first buffer and the second buffer are perpendicular to each other, and when the flipping block is rotated to the first angle position, the bolt is in a horizontal orientation, and when the flipping block is rotated to the second angle position, the bolt is in a vertical orientation.

3. The bolt clamping and flipping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotary drive device includes a telescopic cylinder, a rack connected to the telescopic cylinder, and a gear connected to the mounting base and meshing with the rack. The gear is connected to the tilting block via a drive shaft. The telescopic cylinder is configured to control the tilting block to rotate forward or backward through telescopic movement, so that it can switch back and forth between a first angular position and a second angular position.

4. The bolt clamping and flipping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting base is provided with a guide block, and the guide block is provided with a guide groove to cooperate with the T-shaped guide structure on the rack.

5. The bolt clamping and flipping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The travel limit block is formed in a "Z" shape, and a first limiting surface suitable for contacting and connecting with the first buffer and a second limiting surface suitable for contacting and connecting with the second buffer are formed on the travel limit block; the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface are parallel to each other.

6. The bolt clamping and flipping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, A placement block is connected to the flipping block, and a through groove for placing bolts is formed on the placement block; through holes for pneumatic grippers to extend into are provided on both sides of the through groove; wherein, the pneumatic gripper includes a pneumatic mechanism and a clamping jaw connected to the pneumatic mechanism and adapted to extend into the through hole, and the clamping jaw has an arc-shaped surface that matches the outer surface of the bolt for clamping the bolt.

7. The bolt clamping and flipping mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, A flexible coupling is provided between the flipping block and the transmission shaft.

8. The bolt clamping and flipping mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The placement block can be detachably mounted on the flipping block for easy replacement.

Images