Tower crane boom with movable counterweight function and mounting method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a tower crane cantilever crane with a movable counterweight function, which comprises a cantilever crane body, a movable counterweight, a movable counterweight, a movable counterweight, a movable counterweight and a movable counterweight, and is characterized in that the bottom wall is connected with the top end of a tower body; the plurality of balance mechanisms are movably arranged in the cantilever crane body; every two adjacent balance mechanisms are detachably connected. Each balance mechanism comprises a base, a plurality of groups of walking wheels are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the base; the balancing weights are arranged on the base in a stacked mode; the corners of the balancing weights are connected through a long screw, and the long screw extends to the position below the base and is locked through a nut. Two guide rails are arranged on the bottom wall of the lower arm frame, and the walking wheels are in sliding fit with the guide rails and are driven by a driving assembly. By changing the positions of the plurality of balance mechanisms in the arm support, the gravity center distribution and the balance moment of the whole arm support can be dynamically adjusted, so that the overturning moment generated by hoisting goods can be accurately counteracted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular to a tower crane arm with a mobile counterweight function and a mounting method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the core hoisting equipment in a construction site, the hoisting capacity and stability of a tower crane (referred to as "tower crane" for short) are directly related to the engineering efficiency and safety. The stability of the tower crane mainly relies on the counterweight arranged on the rear arm to balance the overturning moment generated by hoisting goods. Therefore, the design of the counterweight system is the key to the overall performance of the tower crane.

[0003] In the prior art, the counterweight system of the tower crane arm mainly has the following two mainstream designs, but each has its obvious limitations: The first is a fixed counterweight scheme. This scheme fixes a large number of concrete or steel counterweight blocks at the tail end of the arm. Its advantages are simple structure and low cost. However, its disadvantages are more prominent: since the position and total amount of the counterweight are fixed, the tower crane can only maintain high efficiency and stability within a relatively narrow optimal operating range. When the hoisted goods are too light, the large fixed counterweight becomes a "burden", increasing unnecessary structural load and energy consumption; when extremely heavy goods need to be hoisted, the fixed counterweight may not be able to provide enough balancing moment, posing an overturning risk and limiting the maximum lifting capacity of the tower crane. In other words, a tower crane with fixed counterweights has "rigid" performance and cannot flexibly adapt to complex and variable actual construction requirements.

[0004] The second is a mobile counterweight scheme. In order to overcome the shortcomings of fixed counterweights, the industry has developed a mobile counterweight design. This type of design usually uses a large counterweight trolley that can move on the arm to adjust the balancing moment by changing the length of the force arm. This improves adaptability to some extent, but the existing mobile counterweight technology still has many problems: insufficient overall flexibility: most schemes use a single, large, monolithic counterweight block. Its moving inertia is large, requiring a high drive system, and the total amount of counterweight cannot be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. If the counterweight needs to be changed, a large hoisting device must be used for overall replacement or addition / subtraction, which is cumbersome to operate and poses a safety risk. Difficult to install and maintain: the large counterweight trolley and its drive mechanism make the arm structure complex, making transportation and on-site installation extremely inconvenient. At the same time, its drive system (such as a single traction rope or gear rack) often has problems such as fast wear, low control precision, or easy jamming, resulting in high maintenance costs. Safety needs to be improved: in the non-working state, how to reliably lock the mobile counterweight to prevent it from sliding accidentally is a key safety consideration. The locking mechanism of many existing designs is complex or not reliable enough. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a tower crane arm with a movable counterweight function and a mounting method thereof.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned application purposes, the present application adopts the technical scheme, specifically as follows: The tower crane arm with a movable counterweight function comprises: An arm body, the bottom wall of which is connected with the top end of the tower body.

[0007] A plurality of balancing mechanisms, each of which is movably arranged inside the arm body.

[0008] In some embodiments, the arm body comprises an upper arm and a lower arm, the bottom end of the upper arm is provided with a plurality of first connecting seats, the top end of the lower arm is provided with a plurality of second connecting seats, and the first connecting seats and the second connecting seats are fastened and connected through bolts.

[0009] In some embodiments, each balancing mechanism comprises: A base, the bottom of which is provided with a plurality of groups of traveling wheels.

[0010] A plurality of counterweight blocks, which are stacked on the base.

[0011] The bottom wall of the lower arm is provided with two guide rails, the traveling wheels are slidingly matched with the guide rails, and are driven through a driving assembly.

[0012] In some embodiments, the driving assembly comprises: A motor, which is arranged on the top wall of the upper arm.

[0013] A first traction rope, one end of which is connected with the output shaft of the motor, and the other end of which extends into the lower part of the base from the front of the balancing mechanism, and is connected with the bottom wall of the base.

[0014] A second traction rope, which is arranged side by side with the first traction rope.

[0015] One end of the second traction rope is connected with the output shaft of the motor, and the other end of the second traction rope extends into the lower part of the base from the rear of the balancing mechanism, and is connected with the bottom wall of the base.

[0016] In some embodiments, the bottom wall inside the lower arm is provided with a plurality of wear-resistant blocks which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the arm body, and each wear-resistant block is in contact with the first traction rope.

[0017] In some embodiments, the wear-resistant blocks are made of nylon.

[0018] In some embodiments, two adjacent balancing mechanisms are connected by a pin shaft.

[0019] In some embodiments, when the balancing mechanism moves to a designated position, the balancing mechanism is connected to the lower arm frame by a pin shaft.

[0020] The present application provides a method for installing a tower crane arm frame with a moving counterweight function, comprising the following steps: Step: hoist the lower arm frame to the top of the tower body of the tower crane by hoisting equipment, and connect the lower arm frame and the tower body by bolts.

[0021] Step: assemble the balancing mechanisms one by one, hoist the balancing mechanisms to one end of the lower arm frame by hoisting equipment, both ends of the lower arm frame are provided with openings, align the running wheels with the guide rails, and pull the balancing mechanisms into the interior of the lower arm frame from the openings of the lower arm frame. In this way, multiple balancing mechanisms are pulled into the interior of the lower arm frame one by one.

[0022] Step: connect two adjacent balancing mechanisms by a pin shaft, and temporarily connect the balancing mechanisms and the lower arm frame by the pin shaft.

[0023] Step 4: install the driving assembly to the top wall of the upper arm frame, hoist the upper arm frame to above the lower arm frame by hoisting equipment, and connect the lower arm frame and the upper arm frame by bolts.

[0024] Step 5: extend the first traction rope of the driving assembly from the front of the balancing mechanism to below the base, and connect it with the bottom wall of the base. Extend the second traction rope from the rear of the balancing mechanism to below the base, and connect it with the bottom wall of the base.

[0025] Step 6: remove the pin shaft temporarily connecting the balancing mechanisms and the lower arm frame, and move the balancing mechanisms by the driving assembly according to the actual weight of the cargo hoisted by the arm frame, so as to adjust the position of the balancing mechanisms.

[0026] In some embodiments, the specific process of moving the balancing mechanisms by the driving assembly in step 6 is as follows: When the output shaft of the motor rotates to the right, the second traction rope is tightened, the first traction rope is simultaneously loosened, and the balancing mechanism moves to the right.

[0027] When the output shaft of the motor rotates to the left, the first traction rope is tightened, the second traction rope is simultaneously loosened, and the balancing mechanism moves to the left.

[0028] The application has the beneficial effects compared with the prior art when in actual use: the application can dynamically adjust the gravity center distribution and the balance moment of the whole arm frame by changing the positions of the plurality of balance mechanisms in the arm frame, thereby accurately offsetting the overturning moment generated by hoisting goods. Moreover, the user can flexibly increase or decrease the total number of counterweights according to engineering requirements such as maximum lifting capacity, the operation flexibility is high, the scalability of the counterweight capacity is realized, the application range is improved, and the installation is easy. Meanwhile, the plurality of balance mechanisms can be synchronously moved after being connected, the operation process is simplified. The movement inertia is avoided through the control of the two traction ropes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application, and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate the application, and are used to explain the application together with the embodiments of the application, and do not constitute a limitation on the application.

[0030] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the tower crane arm frame with the mobile counterweight function provided in the embodiments of the application.

[0031] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the connection between the driving assembly and the balance mechanism provided in the embodiments of the application.

[0032] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of the first angle of the connection between the balance mechanism and the lower arm frame provided in the embodiments of the application. Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of the second angle of the connection between the balance mechanism and the lower arm frame provided in the embodiments of the application. Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of the connection between the plurality of balance mechanisms and the lower arm frame provided in the embodiments of the application.

[0033] In the drawings, the reference signs are as follows: 1, arm frame body; 11, upper arm frame; 111, first connecting seat; 12, lower arm frame; 121, second connecting seat; guide rail; 2, balance mechanism; 21, base; 211, walking wheel; 22, counterweight block; 23, long screw rod; 3, driving assembly; 31, motor; 32, first traction rope; 33, second traction rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific preferred embodiments.

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and "first", "second" and the like do not represent the importance of the parts, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. The specific dimensions used in the embodiments are only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions and do not limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of the tower crane arm frame with movable counterweight function provided by the embodiment of the present application, the tower crane arm frame with movable counterweight function comprises: an arm frame body 1, a plurality of balance mechanisms 2 and a driving assembly 3.

[0037] The bottom wall of the arm frame body 1 is connected with the top end of the tower body. Among them, the arm frame body 1 can include an upper arm frame 11 and a lower arm frame 12, the bottom end of the upper arm frame 11 is provided with a plurality of first connecting seats 111, the top end of the lower arm frame 12 is provided with a plurality of second connecting seats 121, and the first connecting seat 111 and the second connecting seat 121 are connected by bolt fastening. The arm frame body 1 is designed as a separable upper arm frame 11 and a lower arm frame 12, which reduces the transportation difficulty. By using the first connecting seat 111 and the second connecting seat 121 and connecting by bolts, the overall strength and stability of the structure after assembly are ensured, and the bolt connection is convenient to operate, saving the installation process.

[0038] The plurality of balance mechanisms 2 are movably arranged inside the arm frame body 1. Adjacent two balance mechanisms 2 are detachably connected. In some examples, when the balance mechanism 2 moves to the designated position, the balance mechanism 2 can be connected with the lower arm frame 12 through a pin shaft, providing a quick, reliable and convenient disassembly connection between the balance mechanism 2 and the lower arm frame 12, simple structure, simplifying the operation process.

[0039] In some examples, the bases 21 of the adjacent two balance mechanisms 2 are connected through a pin shaft, providing a quick, reliable and convenient disassembly connection between the adjacent two balance mechanisms 2, simple structure, simplifying the operation process.

[0040] The embodiment of the present application can dynamically adjust the center of gravity distribution and balance moment of the whole arm frame by changing the positions of the plurality of balance mechanisms 2 in the arm frame, so as to accurately offset the overturning moment generated by hoisting goods. Moreover, the user can flexibly increase or decrease the total number of counterweights according to the engineering requirements such as maximum lifting capacity, realizing the scalability of the counterweight capacity. At the same time, the plurality of balance mechanisms can move synchronously after connection, simplifying the operation process.

[0041] In some embodiments, each balancing mechanism 2 includes a base 21 and a plurality of counterweights 22. The bottom of the base 21 is provided with a plurality of groups of walking wheels 211. The plurality of counterweights 22 are stacked on the base 21. Each corner of the plurality of counterweights 22 is connected by a long screw rod 23, and the long screw rod 23 extends below the base 21 and is locked by a nut. The bottom wall of the lower arm support 12 is provided with two guide rails, the walking wheels 211 are in sliding cooperation with the guide rails, and are driven by the driving assembly 3.

[0042] It should be noted that the counterweight 22 is a standard part, which has a block structure with different masses. Users can select counterweights 22 with different masses to be combined according to the weight of different goods hoisted by the arm support, so the shape of the balancing mechanism 2 can be changed. The balancing structure can be a trapezoidal or square structure, and the specific shape is not limited here, as long as it can play the role of balancing counterweight.

[0043] In this way, a stable, reliable and high-load-capacity mobile counterweight unit and its running track are constructed, ensuring that the counterweight can move smoothly and smoothly in the lower arm support 12. Moreover, the dispersed counterweights 22 are fastened into a rigid whole, effectively preventing the displacement, loosening or overturning risk of the counterweights 22 due to vibration during the operation of the tower crane or the movement of the counterweights, greatly improving the safety.

[0044] Moreover, please refer to Figure 2 in combination with Figure 1 , Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the driving assembly 3 provided in the embodiments of the present application connected with the balancing mechanism 2. The driving assembly 3 includes: a motor 31, a first traction rope 32 and a second traction rope 32. The motor 31 is arranged on the top wall of the upper arm support 11. One end of the first traction rope 32 is connected with the output shaft of the motor 31, and the other end extends into the lower part of the base 21 from the front of the balancing mechanism 2 and is connected with the bottom wall of the base 21. The second traction rope 33 is arranged parallel to the first traction rope 32, one end of the second traction rope 33 is connected with the output shaft of the motor 31, and the other end extends into the lower part of the base 21 from the rear of the balancing mechanism 2 and is connected with the bottom wall of the base 21.

[0045] Among them, the winding directions of the first traction rope 32 and the second traction rope 33 on the output shaft are opposite.

[0046] In this way, the driving source is placed at the top, making full use of the space, avoiding interference with the moving balancing mechanism 2, and protecting the motor 31. The first traction rope 32 and the second traction rope 33 with opposite winding directions are adopted, and are respectively pulled from the front and rear directions of the balancing mechanism 2. When the motor 31 rotates in one direction, one traction rope is tightened to provide tension, and the other is simultaneously loosened, forming a closed loop system of tightening and loosening, realizing bidirectional smooth driving, and simplifying the structure.

[0047] In some embodiments, a plurality of wear-resistant blocks (wear-resistant blocks are mature prior art, not shown in the figure) are arranged on the bottom wall inside the lower arm frame 12, and each wear-resistant block is in contact with the first traction rope 32. The wear-resistant blocks arranged on the bottom wall of the lower arm frame 12 separate the first traction rope 32 from the metal bottom wall, thereby avoiding direct friction between the first traction rope 32 and the metal surface, reducing wear and tear, and prolonging the service life of the first traction rope 32.

[0048] In some examples, the wear-resistant blocks can be made of nylon, which has the characteristics of self-lubrication, high wear resistance, and good toughness, and can further reduce the friction coefficient between the traction rope. At the same time, nylon is a high polymer material that can absorb vibration energy, reduce operating noise, and has corrosion resistance, saving wear and tear costs.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in combination with Figures 1-2 , Figure 3 the first angle structure diagram of the balance mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application and the connection of the lower arm frame 12, Figure 4 the second angle structure diagram of the balance mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application and the connection of the lower arm frame 12, Figure 5 the structure diagram of the plurality of balance mechanisms provided by the embodiment of the present application and the connection of the lower arm frame 12, and the installation method of the tower crane arm frame with the moving counterweight function is described below.

[0050] Step 1: hoist the lower arm frame 12 to the top of the tower body of the tower crane by hoisting equipment, and connect the lower arm frame 12 and the tower body by bolts; Step 2: assemble the balance mechanism 2 one by one, hoist the balance mechanism 2 to one end of the lower arm frame 12 by hoisting equipment, both ends of the lower arm frame 12 are provided with openings, align the walking wheel 211 with the guide rail, and pull the balance mechanism 2 into the inside of the lower arm frame 12 from the opening of the lower arm frame 12 (please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 ); In this way, a plurality of balance mechanisms 2 are pulled into the inside of the lower arm frame 12 one by one (please refer to Figure 5 ). Specifically, the process of assembling the balance mechanism 2 one by one is to stack a plurality of selected counterweights 22 on the base 21 one by one, and connect the counterweights 22 and the base 21 by four long screws 23.

[0051] Step 3: connect the adjacent two balance mechanisms 2 by a pin shaft, and temporarily connect the balance mechanism 2 and the lower arm frame 12 by the pin shaft (please refer to Figure 1 ).

[0052] Step 4: Install the driving assembly 3 to the top wall of the upper arm frame 11, and then hoist the upper arm frame 11 to the upper side of the lower arm frame 12 by the hoisting equipment, and connect the lower arm frame 12 and the upper arm frame 11 by bolts.

[0053] Step 5: The first traction rope 32 of the driving assembly 3 is extended from the front of the balancing mechanism 2 to the lower side of the base 21, and is connected to the bottom wall of the base 21; the second traction rope 33 is extended from the rear of the balancing mechanism 2 to the lower side of the base 21, and is connected to the bottom wall of the base 21.

[0054] Step 6: Remove the pin shaft temporarily connecting the balancing mechanism 2 and the lower arm frame 12, and move the balancing mechanism 2 by the driving assembly 3 according to the actual weight of the cargo hoisted by the arm frame, so as to adjust the position of the balancing mechanism 2.

[0055] In step 6, the specific process of moving the balancing mechanism 2 by the driving assembly 3 is as follows: When the output shaft of the motor 31 rotates to the right, the second traction rope 33 is tightened, the first traction rope 32 is loosened synchronously, and the balancing mechanism 2 moves to the right; When the output shaft of the motor 31 rotates to the left, the first traction rope 32 is tightened, the second traction rope 33 is loosened synchronously, and the balancing mechanism 2 moves to the left.

[0056] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tower crane jib with a mobile counterweight function, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a tower crane, including: The bottom wall of the arm frame body (1) is connected with the top end of the tower body; A plurality of balance mechanisms (2) are movably arranged in the arm frame body (1);Two adjacent balance mechanisms (2) are detachably connected.

2. The tower crane jib with moving counterweight function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arm frame body (1) comprises an upper arm frame (11) and a lower arm frame (12), the bottom end of the upper arm frame (11) is provided with a plurality of first connecting seats (111), the top end of the lower arm frame (12) is provided with a plurality of second connecting seats (121), and the first connecting seat (111) and the second connecting seat (121) are connected by bolt fastening.

3. The tower crane jib with moving counterweight function according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each balance mechanism (2) comprises: The bottom of the base (21) is provided with a plurality of groups of travelling wheels (211) on both sides; A plurality of counterweights (22) are arranged on the base (21) in layers;Each corner of the plurality of counterweights (22) is connected by a long screw rod (23), and the long screw rod (23) extends below the base (21), and the two ends of the long screw rod (23) are locked by nuts; Two guide rails are arranged on the bottom wall of the lower arm frame (12), the travelling wheels (211) are in sliding fit with the guide rails, and are driven by a driving assembly (3).

4. The tower crane jib with moving counterweight function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The driving assembly (3) comprises: A motor (31) is arranged on the top wall of the upper arm frame (11); A first traction rope (32) has one end connected with the output shaft of the motor (31) and the other end extending into below the base (21) from the front of the balance mechanism (2) and connected with the bottom wall of the base (21); A second traction rope (33) is arranged parallel to the first traction rope (32);One end of the second traction rope (33) is connected with the output shaft of the motor (31), and the other end extends into below the base (21) from the rear of the balance mechanism (2) and is connected with the bottom wall of the base (21); Wherein, the winding directions of the first traction rope (32) and the second traction rope (33) on the output shaft are opposite.

5. The tower crane jib with moving counterweight function according to claim 4, characterized in that, A plurality of wear-resistant blocks are arranged on the bottom wall in the lower arm frame (12) and are spaced apart along the length direction of the arm frame body (1), and each wear-resistant block is in fit with the first traction rope (32).

6. The tower crane jib with moving counterweight function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wear-resistant blocks are made of nylon material.

7. The tower crane jib with moving counterweight function of claim 1, wherein, The bases (21) of two adjacent balance mechanisms (2) are connected by a pin shaft.

8. The tower crane jib with moving counterweight function of claim 2, wherein, When the balance mechanism (2) moves to a specified position, the balance mechanism (2) is connected with the lower arm frame (12) by a pin shaft.

9. A method of installing a tower crane jib with a moving counterweight according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a tower crane, including the following steps: Step 1: hoist the lower arm frame (12) to the top end of the tower body of the tower crane by hoisting equipment, and connect the lower arm frame (12) and the tower body by bolts; Step 2: assemble the balance mechanisms (2) one by one, hoist the balance mechanisms (2) to one end of the lower arm frame (12) by hoisting equipment, the two ends of the lower arm frame (12) are provided with openings, the travelling wheels (211) are aligned with the guide rails, and the balance mechanisms (2) are pulled into the lower arm frame (12) from the openings of the lower arm frame (12);In this way, a plurality of balance mechanisms (2) are pulled into the lower arm frame (12) one by one. Step 3: connect two adjacent balancing mechanisms (2) by a pin, and temporarily connect the balancing mechanism (2) and the lower arm frame (12) by a pin; Step 4: install the driving assembly (3) on the top wall of the upper arm frame (11), then hoist the upper arm frame (11) to the upper side of the lower arm frame (12) by hoisting equipment, and connect the lower arm frame (12) and the upper arm frame (11) by bolts; Step 5: extend the first traction rope (32) of the driving assembly (3) from the front of the balancing mechanism (2) to the lower side of the base (21), and connect it with the bottom wall of the base (21); extend the second traction rope (33) from the rear of the balancing mechanism (2) to the lower side of the base (21), and connect it with the bottom wall of the base (21); Step 6: remove the pin temporarily connecting the balancing mechanism (2) and the lower arm frame (12), and move the balancing mechanism (2) by the driving assembly (3) to adjust the position of the balancing mechanism (2) according to the actual weight of the cargo hoisted by the arm frame.

10. The mounting method according to claim 9, wherein In step 6, the specific process of moving the balancing mechanism (2) by the driving assembly (3) is as follows: When the output shaft of the motor (31) rotates to the right, the second traction rope (33) is tightened, the first traction rope (32) is loosened synchronously, and the balancing mechanism (2) moves to the right; When the output shaft of the motor (31) rotates to the left, the first traction rope (32) is tightened, the second traction rope (33) is loosened synchronously, and the balancing mechanism (2) moves to the left.

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