Comprehensive protection matte glaze, comprehensive protection matte ceramic tile and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of ceramic building materials, and relates to a comprehensive protective matte glaze, a comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile, and a method for preparing the same. The chemical composition of the comprehensive protective matte glaze includes, by mass percentage: 10%~15% potassium feldspar, 5%~10% kaolin, 1%~3% zirconium silicate, 10%~17% wollastonite, 20%~40% high-alumina high-calcium frit, 4%~6% calcined zinc oxide, 10%~17% magnesium aluminum spinel, 5%~10% calcined talc, and 10%~20% quartz. The chemical composition of the high-alumina high-calcium frit includes, by mass percentage: 50%~53% SiO2, 20%~25% Al2O3, 0.1%~0.4% Fe2O3, 14%~18% CaO, 1%~3% MgO, 3%~5% K2O, and 1%~2% Na2O. The comprehensive protective matte glaze designed in this invention introduces magnesium aluminum spinel and zirconium silicate, and specifically controls the formula composition to obtain a comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile that exhibits excellent performance in all aspects, including wear resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, stain resistance, anti-slip properties, and tile surface flatness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ceramic building materials and relates to a comprehensive protective matte glaze, a comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile, and a method for preparing the same. Background Technology

[0002] my country's ceramic tile standards have undergone a transformation from aligning with international standards to adapting to domestic market demands. Against the backdrop of consumption upgrading, consumers have higher requirements for the quality, performance, and user experience of ceramic tiles, no longer satisfied with basic functionality but pursuing higher flatness, better slip resistance, and stronger stain resistance, among other things. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the above problems, the present invention designs a comprehensive protective matte glaze, which, by introducing magnesium aluminum spinel and zirconium silicate and specifically controlling the formula composition, yields a comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile that exhibits excellent performance in various aspects such as wear resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, stain resistance, anti-slip properties, and surface flatness.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a comprehensive protective matte glaze. The chemical composition of the comprehensive protective matte glaze includes, by mass percentage: 10%–15% potassium feldspar, 5%–10% kaolin, 1%–3% zirconium silicate, 10%–17% wollastonite, 20%–40% high-alumina, high-calcium frit, 4%–6% calcined zinc oxide, 10%–17% magnesium aluminum spinel, 5%–10% calcined talc, and 10%–20% quartz. The chemical composition of the high-alumina, high-calcium frit includes, by mass percentage: 50%–53% SiO2, 20%–25% Al2O3, 0.1%–0.4% Fe2O3, 14%–18% CaO, 1%–3% MgO, 3%–5% K2O, and 1%–2% Na2O.

[0005] Preferably, the chemical composition of the comprehensive protective matte glaze includes, by mass percentage: 1.1%~5.5% IL, 50%~55% SiO2, 18%~22% Al2O3, 0.1%~0.4% Fe2O3, 1%~3% ZrO2, 10%~14% CaO, 5%~9% MgO, 1%~3% K2O, 0.5%~2% Na2O, and 4%~6% ZnO.

[0006] Secondly, the present invention provides a comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile. The comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile comprises, in sequence, a body layer, a base glaze layer, an inkjet decorative pattern layer, and a comprehensive protective matte glaze layer. The comprehensive protective matte glaze layer is formed from the aforementioned comprehensive protective matte glaze.

[0007] Preferably, the billet is a high-alumina billet; more preferably, the chemical composition of the high-alumina billet includes, by mass percentage: 1L 4%~4.8%, SiO2 60%~65%, Al2O3 20%~23%, Fe2O3 0.1%~0.5%, TiO2 0.05%~0.3%, CaO 0.4%~0.5%, MgO 0.5%~1%, K2O 3%~4%, Na2O 2%~3%.

[0008] Preferably, the chemical composition of the base glaze includes, by mass percentage: 1%~3.5% IL, 50%~56% SiO2, 30%~34% Al2O3, 0.1%~0.3% Fe2O3, 0.02%~0.05% TiO2, 1%~3% CaO, 0.1%~0.3% MgO, 3%~5.5% K2O, 2%~4% Na2O, and 5%~10% ZrO2.

[0009] Thirdly, the present invention provides a method for preparing a comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile. The preparation method includes the following steps:

[0010] Apply a base glaze to the surface of the blank;

[0011] Ink patterns are printed on the surface of the blank after the base glaze is applied.

[0012] Apply the aforementioned comprehensive protective matte glaze to the surface of the blank after inkjet printing the ink pattern;

[0013] The body is fired after applying a comprehensive protective matte glaze to obtain a comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile.

[0014] Preferably, the base glaze is applied by pouring or spraying; more preferably, the specific gravity of the base glaze is 1.8~1.9 g / cm³. 3 The application rate is 420~450 g / m 2 .

[0015] Preferably, the matte glaze is applied by pouring, in which case the specific gravity of the matte glaze is 1.8~1.9 g / cm³. 3 The application rate is 380~400 g / m³ 2 Alternatively, the matte glaze can be applied by spraying, in which case the specific gravity of the matte glaze is 1.4~1.6 g / cm³. 3 The application rate is 420~450 g / m 2 .

[0016] Preferably, the firing temperature is 1170~1220℃ and the firing time is 60~80 minutes.

[0017] Ideally, the surface gloss of the comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile should be 15-25 degrees.

[0018] The present invention achieves the following beneficial effects by adopting the above technical solution:

[0019] (1) The comprehensive protective matte glaze ceramic tile of the present invention has high wear resistance and wear resistance level (up to level 4 or above), ensuring service life in home settings;

[0020] (2) The matte glaze ceramic tile of the present invention has a stain resistance and durability far exceeding that of traditional ceramic tiles, reaching the 5th grade standard. It is easy to clean daily stains and does not easily change color after long-term use, which significantly reduces maintenance costs and extends the aesthetic life.

[0021] (3) The matte glaze ceramic tile of the present invention has high chemical corrosion resistance and improved tolerance to cleaning agents such as acids and alkalis. Long-term use of cleaning agents will not cause the surface to lose its gloss or change color. Its chemical corrosion resistance to acids and alkalis meets the GHA and GLA standards.

[0022] (4) The matte glaze ceramic tile of the present invention has a flatness deviation of ≤0.5 mm for the side length of 600 mm, which is far superior to the current national standard's strictest requirement of ≤2.0 mm, and a roller mark of ≤0.18 mm, which fundamentally solves the problem of uneven surface after traditional ceramic tile laying. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention is further illustrated by the following embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The following exemplary description illustrates a method for preparing a comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile.

[0024] The powdered material is pressed into ceramic green bodies. High-alumina green bodies are preferred. As an example, the chemical composition of the green body includes, by mass percentage: IL 4%~4.8%, SiO2 60%~65%, Al2O3 20%~23%, Fe2O3 0.1%~0.5%, TiO2 0.05%~0.3%, CaO 0.4%~0.5%, MgO 0.5%~1%, K2O 3%~4%, Na2O 2%~3%.

[0025] It should be understood that any green body formulation that results in a green body chemical composition falling within the above-mentioned range is applicable to this invention. According to the green body formulation requirements, green body raw materials with higher whiteness are preferred.

[0026] The pressing method is unrestricted. Pressing methods include, but are not limited to, dry pressing. For example, the press pressure can be 360~380 bar. The pressing cycle can be 1.65 times / minute.

[0027] The particle size distribution of the raw material powder includes, by mass percentage: 20%~25% for particles larger than 30 mesh; 60%~70% for particles between 30 and 80 mesh; and ≤6% for particles smaller than 80 mesh. The moisture content of the raw material can be 8.5±3%.

[0028] The brick body is polished by a polishing machine and then dried in a drying kiln. The drying time can be 50-80 minutes. After drying, the moisture content of the brick body can be 0.3%-0.5%. The brick body can be cleaned before glazing.

[0029] A base glaze is applied to the surface of the dried body. Commonly used base glazes in the field of architectural ceramics are suitable for this invention. In an optional embodiment, the chemical composition of the base glaze includes, by mass percentage: 1%~3.5% IL, 50%~56% SiO2, 30%~34% Al2O3, 0.1%~0.3% Fe2O3, 0.02%~0.05% TiO2, 1%~3% CaO, 0.1%~0.3% MgO, 3%~5.5% K2O, 2%~4% Na2O, and 5%~10% ZrO2.

[0030] It should be understood that any base coat formulation that brings the chemical composition of the base coat into the above range is applicable to the present invention. As an example, the mineral composition of the base coat includes, by mass percentage: 30%~35% potassium feldspar, 15%~20% sodium feldspar, 7%~13% kaolin, 1%~5% wollastonite, 8%~14% quartz, 5%~10% calcined kaolin, 10%~15% calcined alumina, and 7%~15% zirconium silicate.

[0031] Weigh the mineral raw materials according to the composition of the base glaze, add additives and water, ball mill until uniform, and sieve to remove iron to obtain the base glaze slurry. The additives can be sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and / or sodium tripolyphosphate. The mass percentage of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the base glaze mineral composition can be 0.1%~0.5%. The mass percentage of sodium tripolyphosphate in the base glaze mineral composition can be 0.1%~0.5%. The required fineness of the base glaze slurry is 0.5%~0.8% residue on a 325-mesh sieve. Water can be added to the base glaze slurry during use to adjust the specific gravity to the desired base glaze.

[0032] The application methods for the base glaze include pouring and spraying. The specific gravity of the base glaze is 1.8~1.9 g / cm³. 3 The application rate is 420~450 g / m 2 .

[0033] Inkjet printing of an ink pattern is performed on the surface of the ceramic body after the base glaze has been applied. The pattern is printed using an inkjet printer. Ink types include, but are not limited to, regular color inks, engraving inks, digital adhesives, and other functional inks. Engraved textures can be created by inkjet printing with fine engraving inks to further enhance the anti-slip effect.

[0034] A comprehensive protective matte glaze is applied to the surface of the blank after inkjet printing the ink pattern. In an optional embodiment, the mineral composition of the comprehensive protective matte glaze includes, by mass percentage: 10%–15% potassium feldspar, 5%–10% kaolin, 1%–3% zirconium silicate, 10%–17% wollastonite, 20%–40% high-alumina, high-calcium frit, 4%–6% calcined zinc oxide, 10%–17% magnesium aluminum spinel, 5%–10% calcined talc, and 10%–20% quartz.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, the chemical composition of the high-alumina and high-calcium frit includes, by mass percentage: 50%~53% SiO2, 20%~25% Al2O3, 0.1%~0.4% Fe2O3, 14%~18% CaO, 1%~3% MgO, 3%~5% K2O, and 1%~2% Na2O.

[0036] For example, the chemical composition of the comprehensive protective matte glaze includes, by mass percentage: IL 1.1%~5.5%, SiO2 50%~55%, Al2O3 18%~22%, Fe2O3 0.1%~0.4%, ZrO2 1%~3%, CaO 10%~14%, MgO 5%~9%, K2O 1%~3%, Na2O 0.5%~2%, ZnO 4%~6%.

[0037] Weigh the mineral raw materials according to the mineral composition of the comprehensive protective matte glaze, add additives and water, ball mill until uniform, and sieve to remove iron to obtain the comprehensive protective matte glaze slurry. The additives can be sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and / or sodium tripolyphosphate. The mass percentage of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the matte glaze mineral composition can be 0.1%~0.5%. The mass percentage of sodium tripolyphosphate in the matte glaze mineral composition can be 0.1%~0.5%. The required fineness of the matte glaze is 0.3%~0.6% of the mass residue on a 325-mesh sieve. Water can be added to the comprehensive protective matte glaze slurry to adjust to the desired specific gravity.

[0038] The application methods for comprehensive protective matte glaze include pouring and spraying. Pouring involves applying the glaze using a bell-shaped glaze. In this case, the specific gravity of the comprehensive protective matte glaze is 1.8~1.9 g / cm³. 3 The glaze application rate is 380~400 g / m². 2 The glazing is done in a glazing booth. At this time, the specific gravity of the protective matte glaze is 1.4~1.6 g / cm³. 3 The glaze application rate is 420~450 g / m². 2 .

[0039] Firing in a kiln. The firing temperature is 1170~1220℃, and the firing time is 60~80 minutes.

[0040] Edge grinding. Grading. Packaging and warehousing.

[0041] This invention develops a novel comprehensive protective matte glaze. By introducing magnesium aluminum spinel and zirconium silicate and specifically controlling the formula composition, a comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile exhibits excellent performance in various aspects, including wear resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, stain resistance, anti-slip properties, and surface flatness. The gloss level of the comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile can reach 15-25 degrees.

[0042] In addition, poor brick surface flatness is mainly affected by three factors: First, poor matching between the body and glaze. Excessive difference in the thermal expansion coefficients of the body and glaze leads to inconsistent glaze shrinkage during firing and cooling, resulting in warping, depressions, or protrusions. Second, poor glazing techniques, such as uneven glaze application (locally too thick / too thin glaze layers), clogged nozzles, or angular deviations in the glazing equipment, can cause uneven glaze thickness, leading to unevenness due to shrinkage differences after high-temperature firing. Third, uneven temperature distribution within the kiln causes excessive melting and flow of the glaze in localized high-temperature zones, while insufficient melting occurs in low-temperature zones; excessively rapid heating and cooling rates during firing prevent the glaze from curing evenly, resulting in stress deformation. The comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile of this invention possesses excellent surface flatness.

[0043] The following examples further illustrate the present invention in detail. It should also be understood that the following examples are only for further explanation of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the above description of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The specific process parameters, etc., in the following examples are merely examples within a suitable range; that is, those skilled in the art can make appropriate selections within the appropriate range based on the description herein, and are not intended to be limited to the specific values ​​in the examples below.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] The preparation method of comprehensive protective matte ceramic tiles includes the following steps:

[0046] Step 1. Prepare the billet. The billet is a high-alumina billet. The chemical composition of the billet includes, by mass percentage: IL 4.48%, SiO2 64.9%, Al2O3 22.28%, Fe2O3 0.23%, TiO2 0.11%, CaO 0.4%, MgO 0.72%, K2O 3.97%, Na2O 2.91%.

[0047] Step 2. Apply a base glaze to the surface of the blank. The chemical composition of the base glaze includes, by mass percentage: 1.15% IL, 55.06% SiO2, 31.29% Al2O3, 0.19% Fe2O3, 0.02% TiO2, 1% CaO, 0.16% MgO, 3.24% K2O, 2.66% Na2O, and 5.23% ZrO2. The base glaze is applied by pouring. The specific gravity of the base glaze is 1.8 g / cm³. 3 The application rate is 420 g / m 2 .

[0048] Step 3. Inkjet print an ink pattern onto the surface of the blank after applying the base glaze.

[0049] Step 4. Apply a comprehensive protective matte glaze to the surface of the blank after inkjet printing the ink pattern. The mineral composition of the comprehensive protective matte glaze includes, by mass percentage: 10% potassium feldspar, 8% kaolin, 2% zirconium silicate, 16% wollastonite, 30% high-alumina high-calcium frit, 4% calcined zinc oxide, 10% magnesium aluminum spinel, 6% calcined talc, and 14% quartz. The chemical composition of the high-alumina high-calcium frit includes, by mass percentage: 52.67% SiO2, 24.35% Al2O3, 0.11% Fe2O3, 16.31% CaO, 1.25% MgO, 3.58% K2O, and 1.73% Na2O. The chemical composition of the comprehensive protective matte glaze includes, by mass percentage: IL 1.85%, SiO2 53.51%, Al2O3 19.29%, Fe2O3 0.18%, ZrO2 1.33%, CaO 11.3%, MgO 5.24%, K2O 2.32%, Na2O 1.02%, ZnO 3.96%. The comprehensive protective matte glaze is applied by pouring. The specific gravity of the comprehensive protective matte glaze is 1.8 g / cm³. 3 The application rate is 400 g / m 2 .

[0050] Step 5. Firing the body after applying the comprehensive protective matte glaze. The firing temperature is 1220℃, and the firing time is 75 minutes.

[0051] Step 6. Grind, package, and grade the edges.

[0052] Fifty intact block samples were selected and tested at a temperature of 21.8℃ and a relative humidity of 77.0%.

[0053] The surface gloss of the comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile reaches approximately 15 degrees.

[0054] The wear resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, and stain resistance durability were determined according to GB / T 3810-2016, Test Methods for Ceramic Tiles. The wear resistance rating reached level 4 at 6000 revolutions. For chemical corrosion resistance, the salts tested were ammonium chloride (GA) and sodium hypochlorite (GA); for low-concentration acids and alkalis, the salts tested were hydrochloric acid (GLA), citric acid (GLA), and potassium hydroxide (GLA); and for high-concentration acids and alkalis, the salts tested were hydrochloric acid (GHA), lactic acid (GHA), and potassium hydroxide (GHA). Therefore, the chemical corrosion resistance to acids and alkalis met the 5A standard requirements. For stain resistance durability (after 1500 revolutions), chrome green / iron oxide red was rated 5, iodine tincture was rated 5, and olive oil was rated 5. Therefore, the stain resistance durability reached level 5 after 1500 revolutions.

[0055] The limits for radionuclides in ceramic materials were determined according to GB / T 6566-2010. The radioactivity of this series of products meets national standards. The anti-slip performance of ceramic tiles was evaluated according to GB / T 37798-2019, "Evaluation of Anti-slip Grades of Ceramic Tiles". The pendulum method (wet state) anti-slip grade is S rubber (β=52), indicating high anti-slip ability. The static friction coefficient (dry state) anti-slip grade is 0.8, indicating high anti-slip ability.

[0056] Comparative Example 1

[0057] The preparation method of ceramic tiles includes the following steps:

[0058] Step 1. Prepare the billet. The billet is a high-alumina billet. The chemical composition of the billet is the same as in Example 1.

[0059] Step 2. Apply a base glaze to the surface of the blank. The chemical composition and application process of the base glaze are the same as in Example 1.

[0060] Step 3. Inkjet print an ink pattern onto the surface of the blank after applying the base glaze.

[0061] Step 4. Apply a matte glaze to the surface of the blank after inkjet printing the ink pattern. The mineral composition of the matte glaze includes, by mass percentage: 10% potassium feldspar, 8% kaolin, 2% zirconium silicate, 16% wollastonite, 30% transparent frit, 4% calcined zinc oxide, 10% magnesium aluminum spinel, 6% calcined talc, and 14% quartz. The chemical composition of the transparent frit includes, by mass percentage: 0.51% SiO2, 13.55% Al2O3, 0.15% Fe2O3, 0.02% TiO2, 13.3% CaO, 5.86% MgO, 4.64% K2O, 2.94% Na2O, 2.57% ZnO, and 6.46% BaO. The glazing process for the matte glaze is the same as in Example 1.

[0062] Step 5. Firing the body after applying the matte glaze. The firing parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0063] Step 6. Grind, package, and grade the edges.

[0064] In this comparative example, replacing the high-alumina, high-calcium frit with a regular frit in the matte glaze formulation resulted in a significant increase in glaze gloss, reaching approximately 40 degrees. However, the abrasion resistance level decreased significantly, testing at level 3 at 1500 revolutions. This is because the high-alumina, high-calcium frit itself has a higher aluminum content, reducing the need for external aluminum sources. While maintaining the glaze's translucent texture and smooth feel, it effectively improves the glaze's abrasion resistance. Therefore, the high-alumina, high-calcium frit introduced in this invention plays a positive role in achieving good abrasion resistance in comprehensive protective matte glazes.

[0065] Comparative Example 2

[0066] The preparation method of ceramic tiles includes the following steps:

[0067] Step 1. Prepare the billet. The billet is a high-alumina billet. The chemical composition of the billet is the same as in Example 1.

[0068] Step 2. Apply a base glaze to the surface of the blank. The chemical composition and application process of the base glaze are the same as in Example 1.

[0069] Step 3. Inkjet print an ink pattern onto the surface of the blank after applying the base glaze.

[0070] Step 4. Apply a matte glaze to the surface of the blank after inkjet printing the ink pattern. The mineral composition of the matte glaze includes, by mass percentage: 10% potassium feldspar, 8% kaolin, 2% zirconium silicate, 16% wollastonite, 30% high-alumina high-calcium frit, 4% calcined zinc oxide, 10% calcined alumina, 6% calcined talc, and 14% quartz. The chemical composition of the high-alumina high-calcium frit includes, by mass percentage: 52.67% SiO2, 24.35% Al2O3, 0.11% Fe2O3, 16.31% CaO, 1.25% MgO, 3.58% K2O, and 1.73% Na2O. The glazing process for the matte glaze is the same as in Example 1.

[0071] Step 5. Firing the body after applying the matte glaze. The firing parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0072] Step 6. Grind, package, and grade the edges.

[0073] When calcined alumina replaces magnesium aluminum spinel in the matte glaze formula, the glaze surface has poor stain resistance, the glaze layer is generally whitish, the transparency is insufficient, and the wear resistance level cannot even reach level 4 at 2100 revolutions. This indicates that the introduction of magnesium aluminum spinel and high-alumina high-calcium frit in this invention plays an important role in achieving good wear resistance, transparency and stain resistance of the matte glaze.

[0074] Comparative Example 3

[0075] The preparation method of ceramic tiles includes the following steps:

[0076] Step 1. Prepare the billet. The billet is a high-alumina billet. The chemical composition of the billet is the same as in Example 1.

[0077] Step 2. Apply a base glaze to the surface of the blank. The chemical composition and application process of the base glaze are the same as in Example 1.

[0078] Step 3. Inkjet print an ink pattern onto the surface of the blank after applying the base glaze.

[0079] Step 4. Apply a matte glaze to the surface of the blank after inkjet printing the ink pattern. The mineral composition of the matte glaze includes, by mass percentage: 15% potassium feldspar, 8% kaolin, 2% zirconium silicate, 16% wollastonite, 30% high-alumina high-calcium frit, 4% calcined zinc oxide, 5% magnesium aluminum spinel, 6% calcined talc, and 14% quartz. The chemical composition of the high-alumina high-calcium frit includes, by mass percentage: 52.67% SiO2, 24.35% Al2O3, 0.11% Fe2O3, 16.31% CaO, 1.25% MgO, 3.58% K2O, and 1.73% Na2O. The glazing process for the matte glaze is the same as in Example 1.

[0080] Step 5. Firing the body after applying the matte glaze. The firing parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0081] Step 6. Grind, package, and grade the edges.

[0082] In this comparative example, the amount of magnesium aluminum spinel introduced into the matte glaze formulation was relatively small, resulting in a significant decrease in the glaze's abrasion resistance, with an abrasion resistance level of only 3 (1500 revolutions). Simultaneously, its stain resistance also deteriorated. This is because insufficient magnesium aluminum spinel leads to a softer glaze layer, making it easier to break bubbles on the glaze surface during friction, thus reducing its stain resistance.

[0083] Comparative Example 4

[0084] The preparation method of ceramic tiles includes the following steps:

[0085] Step 1. Prepare the billet. The billet is a high-alumina billet. The chemical composition of the billet is the same as in Example 1.

[0086] Step 2. Apply a base glaze to the surface of the blank. The chemical composition and application process of the base glaze are the same as in Example 1.

[0087] Step 3. Inkjet print an ink pattern onto the surface of the blank after applying the base glaze.

[0088] Step 4. Apply a matte glaze to the surface of the blank after inkjet printing the ink pattern. The mineral composition of the matte glaze includes, by mass percentage: 5% potassium feldspar, 8% kaolin, 2% zirconium silicate, 16% wollastonite, 20% high-alumina high-calcium frit, 4% calcined zinc oxide, 25% magnesium aluminum spinel, 6% calcined talc, and 14% quartz. The chemical composition of the high-alumina high-calcium frit includes, by mass percentage: 52.67% SiO2, 24.35% Al2O3, 0.11% Fe2O3, 16.31% CaO, 1.25% MgO, 3.58% K2O, and 1.73% Na2O. The glazing process for the matte glaze is the same as in Example 1.

[0089] Step 5. Firing the body after applying the matte glaze. The firing parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0090] Step 6. Grind, package, and grade the edges.

[0091] The amount of magnesium aluminum spinel introduced in this comparison ratio was too high, resulting in a rough glaze, reduced stain resistance, and no improvement in abrasion resistance with the increase in the amount added. The stain resistance of chrome green, iron oxide red, iodine, and olive oil was grade 4 at 1500 revolutions, and the abrasion resistance was grade 3 at 1500 revolutions.

[0092] Comparative Example 5

[0093] The preparation method of ceramic tiles includes the following steps:

[0094] Step 1. Prepare the billet. The billet is a high-alumina billet. The chemical composition of the billet is the same as in Example 1.

[0095] Step 2. Apply a base glaze to the surface of the blank. The chemical composition and application process of the base glaze are the same as in Example 1.

[0096] Step 3. Inkjet print an ink pattern onto the surface of the blank after applying the base glaze.

[0097] Step 4. Apply a matte glaze to the surface of the blank after inkjet printing the ink pattern. The mineral composition of the matte glaze includes, by mass percentage: 10% potassium feldspar, 8% kaolin, 16% wollastonite, 32% high-alumina high-calcium frit, 4% calcined zinc oxide, 10% magnesium aluminum spinel, 6% calcined talc, and 14% quartz. The chemical composition of the high-alumina high-calcium frit includes, by mass percentage: 52.67% SiO2, 24.35% Al2O3, 0.11% Fe2O3, 16.31% CaO, 1.25% MgO, 3.58% K2O, and 1.73% Na2O. The glazing process for the matte glaze is the same as in Example 1.

[0098] Step 5. Firing the body after applying the matte glaze. The firing parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0099] Step 6. Grind, package, and grade the edges.

[0100] The comparative example, which did not include zirconium silicate in the matte glaze formulation, showed a clear indication of alkali resistance during chemical corrosion testing. This demonstrates that the introduction of zirconium silicate into the formulation of this invention can resist the erosion of alkali metal components in the glaze, avoid defects such as pinholes and loss of gloss on the glaze surface, and at the same time improve the wear resistance and chemical stability of the glaze surface.

[0101] Comparative Example 6

[0102] The preparation method of ceramic tiles includes the following steps:

[0103] Step 1. Prepare the billet. The billet is a high-alumina billet. The chemical composition of the billet is the same as in Example 1.

[0104] Step 2. Apply a base glaze to the surface of the blank. The chemical composition and application process of the base glaze are the same as in Example 1.

[0105] Step 3. Inkjet print an ink pattern onto the surface of the blank after applying the base glaze.

[0106] Step 4. Apply a matte glaze to the surface of the blank after inkjet printing the ink pattern. The mineral composition of the matte glaze includes, by mass percentage: 10% potassium feldspar, 8% kaolin, 2% zirconium silicate, 16% wollastonite, 30% high-alumina high-calcium frit, 5% calcined zinc oxide, 16% magnesium aluminum spinel, 5% calcined talc, and 8% quartz. The chemical composition of the matte glaze includes, by mass percentage: 1.77% IL, 47.93% SiO2, 22.79% Al2O3, 0.19% Fe2O3, 1.33% ZrO2, 11.52% CaO, 6.19% MgO, 2.31% K2O, 1.02% Na2O, and 4.95% ZnO. The glazing process for the matte glaze is the same as in Example 1.

[0107] Step 5. Firing the body after applying the matte glaze. The firing parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0108] Step 6. Grind, package, and grade the edges.

[0109] The comparative example of a matte glaze formulation with low silicon content exhibits significantly reduced chemical corrosion resistance. Chemical corrosion resistance test data: ammonium chloride (GA), sodium hypochlorite (GA), 3% hydrochloric acid solution (GLA), citric acid (GLA), 30 g / L potassium hydroxide solution (GLB), 18% hydrochloric acid solution (GHB), lactic acid (GHA), and 100 g / L potassium hydroxide solution (GHB).

Claims

1. A method for preparing comprehensive protective matte ceramic tiles, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Apply a base glaze to the surface of the blank; Ink patterns are printed on the surface of the blank after the base glaze is applied. A comprehensive protective matte glaze is applied to the surface of the blank after inkjet printing the ink pattern. The mineral composition of the comprehensive protective matte glaze, by mass percentage, is: potassium feldspar 10%~15%, kaolin 5%~10%, zirconium silicate 1%~3%, wollastonite 10%~17%, high-alumina high-calcium frit 20%~40%, calcined zinc oxide 4%~6%, magnesium aluminum spinel 10%, calcined talc 5%~10%, and quartz 10%~20%. The chemical composition of the high-alumina high-calcium frit includes, by mass percentage: SiO2 50%~53%, Al2O3 20%~25%, Fe2O3 0.1%~0.4%, CaO 14%~18%, MgO 1%~3%, K2O 3%~5%, and Na2O 1%~2%. The comprehensive protective matte glaze is applied by pouring, and its specific gravity is 1.8~1.9 g / cm³. 3 The application rate is 380~400 g / m³ 2 ; Alternatively, the comprehensive protective matte glaze can be applied by spraying, in which case the specific gravity of the comprehensive protective matte glaze is 1.4~1.6 g / cm³. 3 The application rate is 420~450 g / m 2 ; The body after applying a comprehensive protective matte glaze is fired to obtain a comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile; The surface gloss of the comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile is 15~25 degrees.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chemical composition of the comprehensive protective matte glaze includes, by mass percentage: IL 1.1%~5.5%, SiO2 50%~55%, Al2O3 18%~22%, Fe2O3 0.1%~0.4%, ZrO2 1%~3%, CaO 10%~14%, MgO 5%~9%, K2O 1%~3%, Na2O 0.5%~2%, and ZnO 4%~6%.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The billet is a high-alumina billet; the chemical composition of the high-alumina billet includes, by mass percentage: IL 4%~4.8%, SiO2 60%~65%, Al2O3 20%~23%, Fe2O3 0.1%~0.5%, TiO2 0.05%~0.3%, CaO 0.4%~0.5%, MgO 0.5%~1%, K2O 3%~4%, Na2O 2%~3%.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chemical composition of the base glaze includes, by mass percentage: IL 1%~3.5%, SiO2 50%~56%, Al2O3 30%~34%, Fe2O3 0.1%~0.3%, TiO2 0.02%~0.05%, CaO 1%~3%, MgO 0.1%~0.3%, K2O 3%~5.5%, Na2O 2%~4%, and ZrO2 5%~10%.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base glaze is applied by pouring or spraying; the specific gravity of the base glaze is 1.8~1.9 g / cm³. 3 The application rate is 420~450 g / m 2 .

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The firing temperature is 1170~1220℃, and the firing time is 60~80 minutes.

7. A comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile, characterized in that, The comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile is obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6; the comprehensive protective matte ceramic tile includes a body layer, a base glaze layer, an inkjet printing ink pattern layer, and a comprehensive protective matte glaze layer arranged in sequence.