A rapid detection device and method for microplastics in water

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of water quality monitoring, specifically to a rapid detection device and method for microplastics in water. The device includes a moving mechanism, a mixing component, a heating element, a staining component, and an identification mechanism. The operator first filters large particulate impurities from the liquid to be tested. Then, the mixing component mixes a staining agent, and the liquid is repeatedly diluted and mixed with the staining agent to stain the microplastics in the liquid. The heating element simultaneously promotes staining efficiency. Finally, the identification mechanism identifies the specific number of microplastics in the stained liquid. This device has a simple structure, effectively utilizes gradient staining to improve staining efficiency, and uses the temperature change of the stained liquid to cause discoloration of some proteins for impurity removal. It also reduces the time wasted on impurity removal, speeds up the detection process, and has good practicality and economy, which is beneficial for the promotion and use of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water quality monitoring, and specifically to a rapid detection device and method for microplastics in water. Background Technology

[0002] As the harm of microplastic pollution to aquatic environments and ecosystems becomes increasingly prominent, rapid and accurate detection of microplastics in water has become a key requirement in the field of environmental monitoring. Currently, microplastic detection technologies in water mainly rely on a core process of "pretreatment-staining-identification," but existing technologies have limitations in practical applications, making it difficult to meet the demands for efficient and low-cost detection. To avoid interference from impurities in staining and identification, existing detection methods typically employ a multi-step impurity removal process of "filtration-digestion-flotation." Furthermore, structural proteins of some microorganisms can also stain, making effective identification impossible and hindering the suitability for rapid on-site monitoring or batch sample testing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide a rapid detection device and method for microplastics in water that effectively reduces detection time while effectively avoiding the influence of structural proteins on the identification of microplastic quantities.

[0004] The first aspect of the present invention provides a rapid detection device for microplastics in water, comprising a mixing component, the mixing component comprising a fixed disk, the fixed disk having a plurality of fixed holes arranged in a circumferential array in the center, a liquid storage tube being disposed in the fixed holes, a movable sealing rod being slidably connected to the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube in the center, a liquid outlet tube being disposed in the center of the liquid storage tube, and a sealing element being disposed in the liquid outlet tube for sealing or opening the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube;

[0005] The movable mechanism is used to drive the fixed disk to rotate; or to circulate.

[0006] A dyeing assembly, comprising a liquid storage chamber for introducing into the inner cavity of a liquid storage tube, the liquid storage chamber being used to introduce liquid and dyeing agent from the liquid storage tube;

[0007] An identification mechanism, comprising a liquid collection tank, wherein the liquid collection tank is equipped with an identification device for observing the liquid inside the liquid collection tank.

[0008] In one embodiment, the movable mechanism includes a rotating column that passes through the center of the fixed disk. One end of the rotating column is provided with a support base, and a drive motor is provided on the support base to drive the support base to rotate.

[0009] In one embodiment, a heating element is provided in the middle of the rotating column to promote the heating of the liquid in the storage tube. The heating element includes a movable disk, through which the rotating column is slidably connected. A hot liquid pipe is wrapped around the outer side of the heating element. A fixed disk is inserted into and sleeved on the hot liquid pipe. The side of the movable sealing rod away from the liquid outlet end of the storage tube is fixedly connected to the movable disk. Several lifting rods are provided between the movable disk and the fixed disk.

[0010] In one embodiment, the staining assembly includes a sealing block, a through-hole cover is sleeved on the end of the liquid storage tube away from the movable sealing rod, the through-hole cover is rotatably connected to the through-hole in the middle of the through-hole cover, a liquid permeation hole is provided in the middle of the sealing block, a circular hole disk is provided on the end of the sealing block away from the movable sealing rod, the sealing block passes into the middle of the circular hole disk, a sleeve is wrapped around the outer side of the circular hole disk, the circular hole disk, the sealing block and the sleeve are combined to form an open tank, a liquid septum is provided in the middle of the sleeve, the liquid septum has a V-shaped structure, the bent part of the liquid septum is located on the central axis of the sleeve, the end of the liquid septum abuts against the inner cavity of the sleeve, the liquid septum divides the open tank into a staining area and a dilution area.

[0011] In one embodiment, the end of the sleeve away from the circular disk with the hole is provided with a rotating component for rotating the sealing block to adjust the position of the liquid permeation hole in the staining area and the dilution area. The rotating component includes a linkage rod that passes through and is rotatably connected to the bending part of the liquid separator plate. The side of the sleeve away from the movable sealing rod is provided with a top cover plate, and the linkage rod passes through and is rotatably connected to the top cover plate. The end of the top cover plate away from the sealing block is provided with a movable hammer. The movable hammer has a hammer-shaped structure. When the fixed disk rotates, the movable hammer can swing along the axis of the linkage rod due to centrifugal force.

[0012] In one embodiment, a limiting member is provided on the side of the top cover plate away from the circular hole disk. The limiting member includes a limiting ring, which is located on the side of the top cover plate away from the movable hammer. The inner cavity of the limiting ring is provided with a plurality of limiting right-angled triangular blocks arranged in a circular array. The movable hammer is provided with a plurality of movable grooves on the side facing the limiting right-angled triangular blocks. The movable grooves have an open groove structure. A thrust block is provided in the movable groove and is movably connected. A thrust spring is provided between the thrust block and the movable groove. The thrust block abuts against the adjacent limiting right-angled triangular block or the inner cavity of the limiting right-angled triangular block.

[0013] In one embodiment, the sealing element includes a sealing plug slidably connected to the inner cavity of the liquid outlet tube, a movable rod is provided in the middle of the sealing plug, a support frame is provided on the side of the liquid outlet tube away from the through hole cover, the support frame has a bridge-type structure, the movable rod passes through and is slidably connected to the support frame, and a compression spring is provided between the sealing plug and the support frame through which the movable rod passes.

[0014] In one embodiment, the identification device includes several fluorescent color-developing lamps, which are fixed above the liquid surface of the liquid collecting tank by a top fixing frame. A color-developing camera is also provided on the top fixing frame for observing the liquid in the liquid collecting tank. Several heat-dissipating fins are provided on the side of the liquid collecting tank away from the observed liquid surface. A cooling component is provided on the side of the heat-dissipating fins away from the identification mechanism. The cooling component includes an extension plate, which is connected to a support base. A support frame is provided on the extension plate, which supports the liquid collecting tank. Several rotating shafts are provided in the middle of the support frame, and several cooling fan blades are provided on the rotating shafts. A rotary motor that drives the rotating shafts to rotate is also provided on the support frame.

[0015] A second aspect of this invention provides a rapid detection method for microplastics in water, the specific implementation method of which is as follows:

[0016] S1. Pour the mixed liquid after filtering out large impurities into the storage tube, add some dye, and use the moving mechanism to shake and mix;

[0017] S2. Add some deionized water and continue mixing;

[0018] S3. Add some dye and continue mixing;

[0019] S4. After repeating steps S2-S3 multiple times, drain the mixed liquid and place it in the liquid collection tank. This allows the identification mechanism to observe the number of dyed structures in the liquid collection tank and calculate the density of dyed structures, thereby detecting the microplastic content in the tube.

[0020] In one embodiment, in step S4, the method for determining impurities includes identifying structures that change color during the temperature change of the dyeing liquid as impurities.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are: it effectively reduces detection time and effectively avoids the influence of structural proteins on the identification of microplastic quantity in water. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0022] First, filter large particles of impurities in the liquid using a filter screen to prevent them from affecting the detection results. Then, inject the liquid and dye, such as Nile Red, into the mixing component, close the through-hole cover, and install the dyeing component. Multiple sets of liquid storage tubes can be installed in the fixed hole to assist in detection and improve detection accuracy.

[0023] The drive motor is started, causing the rotating column to rotate and oscillate. During the rotation and oscillation of the rotating column, the liquid in the storage tube is mixed, and the microplastics in the liquid in the storage tube are dyed. At the same time, because the microplastics dye faster than other impurities, the movable hammer rotates under the action of centrifugal force during the mixing process of the storage tube. At the same time, due to the thrust of the thrust spring in the downstream movable groove on the thrust block and the guiding action of the fixed plate inside the limit ring, the movable hammer can only rotate in one direction. The rotation of the movable hammer drives the sealing block connected by the linkage rod to rotate. At the same time, dyeing agent and deionized water can be placed in the inner cavity of the sleeve divided by the liquid diaphragm to form a dyeing zone. In the dilution zone, during the rotation of the sealing block, the liquid permeation holes pass through the dyeing zone and the dilution zone respectively. The liquid in the dyeing zone and the dilution zone flows into the mixing component. When the liquid flows into the dilution zone, because the microplastics dye faster than other impurities, their dilution function affects the dyeing efficiency of other impurities, while the microplastics are already dyed and will not reduce the dyeing depth. When the liquid flows into the dyeing zone, the microplastics continue to dye, while other impurities continue to dye slowly. Thus, through the multiple rotations of the sealing block, the microplastics in the liquid in the storage tube are dyed in a gradient. The dyeing effect is significantly greater than that of other impurities. Therefore, it can be used for shortage identification through a large model, simplifying the process of filtering other impurities.

[0024] Since heating can promote the dyeing process, but it can affect the dyeing efficiency of other materials such as proteins, warm water that will not dye proteins is added to the hot liquid tube and the moving plate to promote the dyeing process of microplastics by heating the liquid.

[0025] For ease of observation, after gradient staining is completed, the length of the lifting rod is reduced, and the liquid in the storage tube is pushed out through the storage tube by the movable plate. Since the liquid permeation hole on the sealing block is small, the amount of liquid backflowing into the sleeve is very small. Alternatively, the staining component can be removed and the through-hole cover can be sealed. At the same time, the detection method is sampling detection, so it has little impact on the detection effect. After the liquid in the storage tube squeezes the sealing plug, it pushes the squeezing spring to push the sealing plug out of the storage tube and falls into the liquid collection tank. After the fluorescent color-developing lamp is turned on to illuminate the liquid and increase the brightness of the stained microplastics, the number of impurities in the liquid can be quickly identified by the color-developing camera, thus realizing the detection of liquid microplastics.

[0026] Meanwhile, to prevent some stained proteins from affecting the accuracy of the detection, after detection at room temperature, the rotating motor is started to rotate the cooling fan blades to drive the cooling fins on the liquid collection tank to cool down and assist in freezing the liquid. Since proteins are very easy to denature during freezing, which can increase or decrease the staining effect, the colorimetric camera is raised again after freezing. If the material that changes color is found, it can be identified as protein, thus improving the identification accuracy. Afterwards, the liquid in the liquid collection tank is collected and weighed to calculate the content.

[0027] This equipment has a simple structure and effectively utilizes gradient dilution and staining to accelerate the staining process of microplastics. At the same time, it uses temperature changes to quickly identify and remove impurities such as proteins, effectively improving identification accuracy. It has good practicality and economy, which is beneficial to the promotion and use of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is the second partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the dyeing component of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional exploded cross-sectional view of the dyeing component of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a partial exploded cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the dyeing component of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the dyeing component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the identification mechanism of the present invention.

[0036] Figure Descriptions: 1. Movable Mechanism; 11. Support Base; 12. Rotating Column; 121. Drive Motor; 2. Mixing Component; 21. Fixed Plate; 211. Fixed Hole; 22. Liquid Storage Tube; 2201. Movable Sealing Rod; 221. Liquid Outlet Tube; 223. Sealing Plug; 224. Compression Spring; 225. Support Frame; 2251. Movable Rod; 222. Through Hole Cover; 23. Circular Hole Disc; 24. Liquid Separator; 25. Sleeve; 26. Top Cover Plate; 261. Linkage Rod; 262. Sealing Block; 2621. Liquid Permeation Hole 27. Limiting ring; 271. Limiting right-angled triangular block; 28. Movable hammer; 281. Movable groove; 282. Thrusting block; 283. Thrusting spring; 3. Heating element; 31. Movable plate; 32. Hot liquid pipe; 33. Lifting rod; 4. Dyeing assembly; 5. Identification mechanism; 51. Extension plate; 52. Support box frame; 53. Liquid collection tank; 531. Heat dissipation fins; 54. Rotating shaft; 541. Rotary motor; 542. Cooling fan blades; 55. Top fixing frame; 551. Fluorescent color-producing lamp; 552. Color-producing camera. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; that is, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0038] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0039] The following is combined Figures 1 to 8 This invention describes a rapid detection device for microplastics in water, comprising a mixing component 2. The mixing component 2 includes a fixed disk 21. The fixed disk 21 has a plurality of fixed holes 211 arranged in a circumferential array in the middle. The specific number is not unique and multiple sets can be placed to ensure accurate measurement of the quantity. A liquid storage tube 22 is provided inside the fixed holes 211. The tube is detachable and the specific structure can be determined according to the actual situation. It is not shown in the attached figure. A movable sealing rod 2201 is provided in the middle of the liquid storage tube 22 and is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 22. An outlet tube 221 is provided in the middle of the liquid storage tube 22 and is provided with a sealing element to seal or open the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 22.

[0040] Movable mechanism 1 is used to drive the fixed disk 21 to rotate; or to cycle.

[0041] The dyeing assembly 4 includes a liquid storage chamber for introducing liquid into the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube 22, and the liquid storage chamber is used to add liquid and dye into the liquid storage tube 22.

[0042] The identification mechanism 5 includes a liquid receiving tank 53, and the liquid receiving tank 53 is equipped with an identification device for observing the liquid inside the liquid receiving tank 53.

[0043] Beneficially, the active mechanism 1 includes a rotating column 12 that passes through the center of the fixed disk 21. One end of the rotating column 12 is provided with a support base 11, and a drive motor 121 is provided on the support base 11. The drive motor 121 drives the support base 11 to rotate.

[0044] Beneficially, a heating element 3 is provided in the middle of the rotating column 12. The heating element 3 is used to promote the heating of the liquid in the storage tube 22. The heating element 3 includes a movable plate 31. The rotating column 12 passes through and is slidably connected to the movable plate 31. A hot liquid tube 32 is wrapped around the outer side of the heating element 3. A fixed plate 21 is inserted into and sleeved on the hot liquid tube 32. The movable sealing rod 2201 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 31 on the side away from the liquid outlet end of the storage tube 22. Several lifting rods 33 are provided between the movable plate 31 and the fixed plate 21. Specifically, since the biological proteins in the impurity liquid will denature at high temperature and affect the dyeing efficiency, a relatively low temperature heating environment is used to promote the fusion of dyeing materials such as Nile Red with microplastics, while avoiding the melting of microplastics.

[0045] Beneficially, the dyeing assembly 4 includes a sealing block 262, a through-hole cover 222 sleeved on one end of the liquid storage tube 22 away from the movable sealing rod 2201, the through-hole cover 222 being rotatably connected to the through-hole in the middle of the through-hole cover 222, a liquid permeation hole 2621 in the middle of the sealing block 262, and a circular hole disc 23 at one end of the sealing block 262 away from the movable sealing rod 2201, the sealing block 262 passing into the middle of the circular hole disc 23, and a sleeve 25 surrounding the outer side of the circular hole disc 23. The circular hole disc 23, the sealing block 262, and the sleeve 25 are assembled. The casing 25 is designed as an open tank. A liquid-separating plate 24 is located in the middle of the casing 25. The liquid-separating plate 24 has a V-shaped structure, with its bent portion positioned along the central axis of the casing 25. The end of the liquid-separating plate 24 abuts against the inner cavity of the casing 25. The liquid-separating plate 24 divides the open tank into a dyeing area and a dilution area. Specifically, a rotating component is located at the end of the casing 25 away from the circular disc 23. This component rotates the sealing block 262 to adjust the position of the liquid permeation hole 2621 in the dyeing and dilution areas. The rotating component includes a linkage rod 261, which passes through and is rotatably connected to the sealing block 262. The liquid separator 24 is bent, and the sleeve 25 is provided with a top cover plate 26 on the side away from the movable sealing rod 2201. The linkage rod 261 passes through and is rotatably connected to the top cover plate 26. The top cover plate 26 is provided with a movable hammer 28 on the end away from the sealing block 262. The movable hammer 28 has a hammer-shaped structure. When the fixed disk 21 rotates, the movable hammer 28 can swing along the axis of the linkage rod 261 due to centrifugal force. Additionally, the top cover plate 26 is provided with a limiting component on the side away from the circular hole disk 23. The limiting component includes a limiting ring 27, which is located on the top cover. The plate 26 is located on one side of the movable hammer 28. The inner cavity of the limiting ring 27 is provided with several circumferentially arrayed limiting right-angled triangular blocks 271. The movable hammer 28 is provided with several movable grooves 281 on the side facing the limiting right-angled triangular blocks 271. The movable grooves 281 have an open groove structure. The movable grooves 281 are provided with a movably connected thrust block 282. A thrust spring 283 is provided between the thrust block 282 and the movable groove 281. The thrust block 282 abuts against the adjacent limiting right-angled triangular blocks 271 or the inner cavity of the limiting right-angled triangular blocks 271.

[0046] In one embodiment, during the oscillating mixing process of the liquid storage tube 22, the movable hammer 28 rotates under the action of centrifugal force. At the same time, due to the pushing force of the thrust spring 283 in the movable groove 281 on the thrust block 282 and the guiding action of the fixed plate 21 inside the limiting ring 27, the movable hammer 28 can only rotate in one direction. The rotation of the movable hammer 28 drives the sealing block 262 connected by the linkage rod 261 to rotate. Meanwhile, dye and deionized water can be placed in the inner cavity of the sleeve 25 divided by the liquid separator 24 to form a dyeing zone and a dilution zone. During the rotation of the sealing block 262, the liquid permeation hole 2621 passes through the dyeing zone and the dilution zone respectively, and the liquid in the dyeing zone and the dilution zone flows into the mixing component 2.

[0047] Beneficially, the sealing element includes a sealing plug 223 slidably connected to the inner cavity of the outlet pipe 221. A movable rod 2251 is provided in the middle of the sealing plug 223. A support frame 225 is provided on the side of the outlet pipe 221 away from the through-hole cover 222. The support frame 225 has a bridge-type structure. The movable rod 2251 passes through and is slidably connected to the support frame 225. A compression spring 224, which is penetrated by the movable rod 2251, is provided between the sealing plug 223 and the support frame 225. Specifically, by raising and lowering the movable sealing rod 2201, the liquid in the storage pipe 22 can be squeezed out through the outlet pipe 221 for easy observation.

[0048] Beneficially, the identification device includes several fluorescent color-developing lamps 551, such as ultraviolet lamps. The fluorescent color-developing lamps 551 are fixed above the liquid surface of the collection tank 53 by a top fixing frame 55. Under the illumination of the fluorescent color-developing lamps 551, the dyed substance will be brighter, making it easier to observe. A color-developing camera 552 is also installed on the top fixing frame 55. After taking pictures of the liquid in the tank, the amount of dye can be quickly identified through processing equipment. Specifically, the identification device can be quickly trained by AI large-scale model processing units. Existing computing methods, structures, and tools that can achieve statistical analysis and identification of the amount of dye can all be considered as processing equipment. The attached figures are not shown and are not part of the inventive point of this invention, so they will not be described further. The collection tank 53 is used to observe the liquid in the collection tank, which is far from the observation liquid surface. A plurality of heat-dissipating fins 531 are provided on one side. A cooling component is provided on the side of the heat-dissipating fins 531 away from the identification mechanism 5. The cooling component includes an extension plate 51, which is connected to the support base 11. A support frame 52 is provided on the extension plate 51. The support frame 52 supports the liquid collection tank 53. A plurality of rotating shafts 54 are provided in the middle of the support frame 52. A plurality of cooling fan blades 542 are provided on the rotating shafts 54. A rotary motor 541 is also provided on the support frame 52 to drive the rotating shafts 54 to rotate, so as to cool the liquid in the liquid collection tank 53 to below zero. The liquid collection tank 53 can be made of semiconductor heat-dissipating material to facilitate cooling. During the cooling process, some stained proteins will enhance or weaken the absorption effect of the staining agent, thereby optimizing the observation accuracy.

[0049] Also beneficial is a rapid detection method for microplastics in water, the specific implementation method of which is as follows:

[0050] S1. Pour the mixed liquid after filtering out large particulate impurities into the storage tube 22, add some dyeing agent, and use the moving mechanism 1 to shake and mix.

[0051] S2. Add some deionized water and continue mixing;

[0052] S3. Add some dye and continue mixing;

[0053] S4. After repeating steps S2-S3 multiple times, the mixed liquid is discharged and placed in the liquid collection tank 53, which facilitates the identification mechanism 5 to observe the number of dyed structures in the liquid collection tank 53 and calculate the density of dyed structures, thereby detecting the microplastic content in the tube.

[0054] Specifically, in step S4, the method for determining impurities includes identifying structures that change color during the temperature change of the dyeing liquid as impurities.

[0055] Working principle of this invention:

[0056] First, large particulate impurities in the liquid are filtered out using a filter screen to prevent them from affecting the detection effect. Then, the liquid and dye such as Nile Red are injected into the mixing component 2, the through hole cover 222 is fastened, and the dyeing component 4 is installed. Multiple sets of liquid storage tubes 22 can be installed in the fixing hole 211 to assist in detection and improve detection accuracy.

[0057] The drive motor 121 is started, which drives the rotating column 12 to rotate and swing. During the rotation and swing of the rotating column 12, the liquid in the storage tube 22 is mixed, and the microplastics in the liquid in the storage tube 22 are dyed. At the same time, since the microplastics dye faster than other impurities, during the mixing process of the storage tube 22, the movable hammer 28 is rotated by centrifugal force. At the same time, due to the thrust of the thrust spring 283 in the downstream movable groove 281 on the thrust block 282 and the guiding effect of the fixed plate 21 inside the limiting ring 27, the movable hammer 28 can only rotate in one direction. The rotation of the movable hammer 28 drives the sealing block 262 connected by the linkage rod 261 to rotate. At the same time, dyes can be placed in the inner cavity of the sleeve 25 divided by the liquid separator 24. The colorant and deionized water form a dyeing zone and a dilution zone. During the rotation of the sealing block 262, the liquid permeation hole 2621 passes through the dyeing zone and the dilution zone respectively. The liquid in the dyeing zone and the dilution zone flows into the mixing component 2. When the liquid flows into the dilution zone, since the microplastic dyes faster than other impurities, its dilution function affects the dyeing efficiency of other impurities, while the microplastic has already been dyed and will not reduce the dyeing depth. When the liquid flows into the dyeing zone, the microplastic continues to dye, while other impurities continue to dye slowly. Thus, through the multiple rotations of the sealing block 262, the microplastic in the liquid in the storage tube 22 is dyed in a gradient. The dyeing effect is significantly greater than that of other impurities. Therefore, it can be used for large-scale model shortage identification and simplifies the process of filtering other impurities.

[0058] Since heating can promote the dyeing process, but it will affect the dyeing efficiency of other materials such as proteins, warm water that will not dye proteins is added to the hot liquid tube 32 and the moving plate 31 to promote the dyeing process of microplastics by heating liquid.

[0059] For easy observation, after gradient dyeing is completed, the length of the lifting rod 33 is reduced, and the liquid in the storage tube 22 is pushed out through the storage tube 22 by the movable plate 31. Since the liquid permeation hole 2621 on the sealing block 262 is small, the amount of liquid backflowing into the sleeve 25 is very small. Alternatively, the dyeing component 4 can be removed directly and the through hole cover 222 can be sealed. At the same time, the detection method is sampling detection, so it has little impact on the detection effect. The liquid squeezes the sealing plug 223 of the storage tube 22, pushes the squeeze spring 224 to push the sealing plug 223 out of the storage tube 22, and then it falls into the liquid collection tank 53. After the fluorescent color-developing lamp 551 is turned on to illuminate the liquid and increase the brightness of the dyed microplastics, the number of impurities in the liquid can be quickly identified by the color-developing camera 552, thus realizing the detection of liquid microplastics.

[0060] Meanwhile, to prevent some stained proteins from affecting the accuracy of detection, after detection at room temperature, the rotary motor 541 is started to rotate the cooling fan blades 542 to drive the cooling fins 531 on the liquid collection tank 53 to cool down and assist in freezing the liquid. Since proteins are very easy to denature during freezing, the staining effect can be improved or reduced. After freezing, the colorimetric camera 552 is raised again for observation. If the material that changes color is found, it can be identified as protein, thus improving the identification accuracy. Afterwards, the liquid in the liquid collection tank 53 is collected and weighed to calculate the content.

[0061] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0062] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined in the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid detection device for microplastics in water, characterized in that, include: A mixing component (2) includes a fixed disk (21), the fixed disk (21) having a plurality of fixed holes (211) arranged in a circular array in the middle, a liquid storage tube (22) being provided in the fixed holes (211), a movable sealing rod (2201) being slidably connected to the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube (22) in the middle, and a liquid outlet tube (221) being provided in the middle of the liquid storage tube (22), the liquid outlet tube (221) being provided with a sealing element for sealing or opening the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube (22); The active mechanism (1) is used to drive the fixed disk (21) to rotate or swing in a cycle; The dyeing assembly (4) includes a liquid storage chamber for entering the inner cavity of the liquid storage tube (22), the liquid storage chamber for introducing the liquid and dye in the liquid storage tube (22); The identification mechanism (5) includes a liquid collection tank (53), and the liquid collection tank (53) is equipped with an identification device for observing the liquid in the liquid collection tank (53); The staining assembly (4) includes a sealing block (262). A through-hole cap (222) is fitted onto one end of the liquid storage tube (22) away from the movable sealing rod (2201). A liquid permeation hole (2621) is provided in the middle of the sealing block (262). A circular hole disc (23) is provided at one end of the sealing block (262) away from the movable sealing rod (2201). The sealing block (262) passes through the middle of the circular hole disc (23), and the outer periphery of the circular hole disc (23) is... The sleeve (25) is wrapped around the open tank. The circular disk (23), the sealing block (262) and the sleeve (25) are combined to form an open tank. A liquid-separating plate (24) is provided in the middle of the sleeve (25). The liquid-separating plate (24) has a V-shaped structure. The bent part of the liquid-separating plate (24) is located on the central axis of the sleeve (25). The end of the liquid-separating plate (24) abuts against the inner cavity of the sleeve (25). The liquid-separating plate (24) divides the open tank into a dyeing area and a dilution area. The sleeve (25) has a rotating component at one end away from the circular disk (23) to rotate the sealing block (262) and adjust the position of the liquid permeation hole (2621) in the staining and dilution areas. The rotating component includes a linkage rod (261) that passes through and is rotatably connected to the bend of the liquid separator (24). The sleeve (25) has a top cover plate (26) on one side away from the movable sealing rod (2201). The linkage rod (261) passes through and is rotatably connected to the top cover plate (26). The top cover plate (26) has a movable hammer (28) at one end away from the sealing block (262). The movable hammer (28) has a hammer-shaped structure. When the fixed disk (21) rotates, the movable hammer (28) can swing along the axis of the linkage rod (261) due to centrifugal force. The top cover plate (26) is provided with a limiting member on the side away from the circular hole disk (23). The limiting member includes a limiting ring (27). The limiting ring (27) is located on the side of the top cover plate (26) on the movable hammer (28). The inner cavity of the limiting ring (27) is provided with a plurality of circumferentially arrayed limiting right-angled triangular blocks (271). The movable hammer (28) is provided with a plurality of movable grooves (281) on the side facing the limiting right-angled triangular blocks (271). The movable grooves (281) have an open groove structure. The movable grooves (281) are provided with a movably connected thrust block (282). A thrust spring (283) is provided between the thrust block (282) and the movable groove (281). The thrust block (282) abuts against the adjacent limiting right-angled triangular blocks (271) or the inner cavity of the limiting right-angled triangular blocks (271).

2. The rapid detection device for microplastics in water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active mechanism (1) includes a rotating column (12) that passes through the center of the fixed disk (21). One end of the rotating column (12) is provided with a support base (11), and a drive motor (121) is provided on the support base (11). The drive motor (121) drives the support base (11) to rotate.

3. The rapid detection device for microplastics in water according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating column (12) is provided with a heating element (3) in the middle. The heating element (3) is used to promote the heating of the liquid in the storage tube (22). The heating element (3) includes a movable plate (31). The rotating column (12) passes through and is slidably connected to the movable plate (31). The heating element (3) is wrapped with a hot liquid tube (32) on its outer side. The fixed plate (21) is inserted into and sleeved on the hot liquid tube (32). The movable sealing rod (2201) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (31) on the side away from the liquid outlet end of the storage tube (22). Several lifting rods (33) are provided between the movable plate (31) and the fixed plate (21).

4. The rapid detection device for microplastics in water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing element includes a sealing plug (223) slidably connected to the inner cavity of the liquid outlet pipe (221). A movable rod (2251) is provided in the middle of the sealing plug (223). A support frame (225) is provided on the side of the liquid outlet pipe (221) away from the through hole cover (222). The support frame (225) has a bridge-type structure. The movable rod (2251) passes through and is slidably connected to the support frame (225). A compression spring (224) is provided between the sealing plug (223) and the support frame (225) and is penetrated by the movable rod (2251).

5. The rapid detection device for microplastics in water according to claim 2, characterized in that: The identification device includes several fluorescent color-developing lamps (551), which are fixed above the liquid surface of the liquid collection tank (53) by a top fixing frame (55). A color-developing camera (552) is also provided on the top fixing frame (55) to observe the liquid in the liquid collection tank (53). Several fan-shaped heating fins (531) are provided on the side of the liquid collection tank (53) away from the observed liquid surface. A cooling element is provided on the side of the fan-shaped heating fins (531) away from the identification mechanism (5). The cooling component includes an extension plate (51), which is connected to a support base (11). A support frame (52) is provided on the extension plate (51), which supports the liquid collection tank (53). A plurality of rotating shafts (54) are provided in the middle of the support frame (52), and a plurality of cooling fan blades (542) are provided on the rotating shafts (54). A rotary motor (541) for driving the rotating shafts (54) to rotate is also provided on the support frame (52).

6. A method for rapid detection of microplastics in water, using the rapid detection device for microplastics in water as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The rapid detection method for microplastics in water includes: S1: Pour the mixed liquid after filtering out large particulate impurities into the storage tube (22), add some dye, and use the moving mechanism (1) to shake and mix; S2: Add some deionized water and continue mixing; S3: Add some dye and continue mixing; S4: After repeating steps S2-S3 multiple times, drain the mixed liquid and place it in the liquid collection tank (53) so that the identification mechanism (5) can observe the number of dyed structures in the liquid collection tank (53) and calculate the density of dyed structures, thereby detecting the microplastic content in the tube.

7. The rapid detection method for microplastics in water according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S4, the method for determining impurities includes identifying structures that change color during the temperature change of the dyeing liquid as impurities.

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