Micro-seismic intensity fusion monitoring system and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-seismic intensity fusion monitoring system and method, and the system comprises a data processing center which comprises a central switch, a time service server, a data processing server, and a monitoring center. Each underground monitoring subsystem comprises an underground microseismic sensor, an intensity sensor, an underground monitoring substation and a photoelectric switch, the microseismic sensor and the intensity sensor are arranged underground, the underground monitoring substation is in communication connection with the microseismic sensor and the intensity sensor, the photoelectric switch is in communication connection with the underground monitoring substation, and the photoelectric switch is in communication connection with the central switch through an optical cable. Monitoring data of the underground monitoring subsystem is sent to the data processing center; each ground monitoring subsystem comprises a micro-seismic sensor and an intensity sensor which are arranged on the ground, and a ground monitoring substation which is in communication connection with the micro-seismic sensor and the intensity sensor, and the ground monitoring subsystems are in communication connection with the central switch through wireless communication modules; and monitoring data of the ground monitoring subsystem is sent to the data processing center.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mine safety monitoring technology, specifically relating to a microseismic intensity fusion monitoring system and monitoring method. Background Technology

[0002] Microseismic monitoring systems in coal mines are widely used in the prevention and control of rockburst disasters and early warning of geological hazards. Traditional microseismic monitoring systems typically include microseismic sensors, microseismic recorders, and transmission and analysis units. They capture minute vibration signals generated by rock mass fracturing to achieve real-time monitoring of underground dynamic processes. Their core principle is based on seismology and acoustic emission, deploying multi-channel microseismic sensors and acquiring microseismic waveform data, combined with signal processing and source location algorithms to analyze the source location, energy, and activity patterns. However, existing mine monitoring systems are limited by a single data source (such as only microseismic waveform data), making it difficult to comprehensively assess disasters, and the reliability of disaster prediction needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a microseismic intensity fusion monitoring system that integrates microseismic data and intensity data, enabling multi-dimensional data analysis, providing accurate basis for engineering safety and disaster response, and improving earthquake prevention and disaster reduction capabilities.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A microseismic intensity fusion monitoring system includes: a data processing center, comprising a central switch, a timing server communicatively connected to the central switch, a data processing server, and a monitoring center; several downhole monitoring subsystems, each including microseismic sensors and intensity sensors installed downhole, downhole monitoring substations communicatively connected to the microseismic sensors and intensity sensors, and photoelectric switches communicatively connected to the downhole monitoring substations, the photoelectric switches communicating with the central switch via optical cables to send monitoring data from the downhole monitoring subsystems to the data processing center; and several surface monitoring subsystems, each including microseismic sensors and intensity sensors installed on the surface, and surface monitoring substations communicatively connected to the microseismic sensors and intensity sensors, the surface monitoring subsystems communicating with the central switch via wireless communication modules to send monitoring data from the surface monitoring subsystems to the data processing center.

[0006] In some embodiments, the data processing server comprises: an automatic data acquisition module for automatically collecting real-time data streams of the downhole monitoring subsystem and the ground monitoring subsystem, a real-time data stream service module for receiving and forwarding data from the automatic data acquisition module, an automatic positioning processing module for receiving microseismic monitoring data forwarded by the real-time data stream service module and calculating source positioning, and for receiving intensity monitoring data forwarded by the real-time data stream service module and drawing an intensity distribution map, a data analysis publishing module for secondary processing of source positioning results published by the automatic positioning processing module, a human-computer interaction analysis module for auditing source positioning results published by the data analysis publishing module, and a monitoring display module for simultaneously displaying microseismic monitoring data and intensity monitoring data at the monitoring center.

[0007] In some embodiments, the downhole monitoring subsystem further comprises a direct current stabilized power supply for powering the downhole monitoring subsystem.

[0008] In some embodiments, the ground monitoring subsystem further comprises a solar power supply module and a GNSS antenna.

[0009] In some embodiments, the downhole monitoring subsystem comprises microseismic sensors and intensity sensors arranged at measuring points around the mining area, the spacing between adjacent measuring points around the mining area is not more than 500 meters; the downhole monitoring subsystem further comprises microseismic sensors and intensity sensors arranged at measuring points on the mining working face, the spacing between adjacent measuring points on the mining working face is not more than 200 meters; the downhole monitoring subsystem further comprises microseismic sensors and intensity sensors arranged at measuring points in the coal seam roadway, the spacing between adjacent measuring points in the mining activity area around the coal seam roadway is not more than 500 meters, and the spacing between adjacent measuring points in the range of 500 meters without mining activity is not more than 1000 meters.

[0010] In some embodiments, the ground monitoring subsystem comprises microseismic sensors and intensity sensors arranged at measuring points in the mining area, the number of measuring points in each mining area is not less than 2, the measuring points are arranged along the strike of the mining working face, and the spacing between adjacent measuring points is not more than 1000 meters.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first measuring point is arranged within a range of 50 meters outside the mining face cut, and the second measuring point is arranged at a distance of 1000 meters from the first measuring point along the strike of the mining face; when the strike of the mining face exceeds 2000 meters, the first measuring point is moved outward along the strike after the mining face advances to the second measuring point, and the process is repeated; the third measuring point is arranged within a range of 50 meters outside the opening of the mining face, and the fourth measuring point is arranged at a distance of 1000 meters from the third measuring point along the strike of the roadway; when the length of the roadway strike is more than 2000 meters, the third measuring point is moved towards the head, and the process is repeated.

[0012] The application also provides a monitoring method of the aforementioned microseismic intensity fusion monitoring system, comprising the following steps:

[0013] When the monitoring system is working, the microseismic sensor and the intensity sensor both receive data in real time; when a microseismic event reaches a trigger threshold and a trigger mechanism of multiple measuring points, the data processing server starts an automatic positioning processing step according to the coordinates of the mine map where the sensor is located and the waveforms received by the triggered sensor;

[0014] After the automatic positioning processing step completes the calculation of the seismic source positioning based on the collected microseismic data, the seismic source positioning result is published through a message queue;

[0015] The data analysis publishing step receives the seismic source positioning result information in real time through the message queue, processes the microseismic positioning result a second time, and publishes the positioning result after the second processing to the database for storage;

[0016] The manual interactive analysis step initiates manual review of the positioning result published to the database, loads the data and result of the corresponding event by querying the database, and then reviews and corrects the event waveform and positioning result through the human-computer interaction interface, and finally republishes the positioning result after manual review to the database for updating.

[0017] In some embodiments, the secondary processing in the data analysis publishing step includes event type judgment and positioning result rationality analysis; the event type judgment refers to judging whether the microseismic event is a real microseismic event or an interference event, and only the positioning result that is judged as a real microseismic event and has all the rationality characteristics is marked as an effective event and stored in the database.

[0018] In some embodiments, the real microseismic event meets the following conditions simultaneously: clear seismic phase characteristics, short duration, time of arrival and amplitude consistent with distance attenuation law, low correlation of data of each channel; the interference event meets any one of the following conditions: no obvious seismic phase characteristics; long or short duration; time of arrival and amplitude inconsistent with distance attenuation law; high correlation of data of each channel; the positioning result rationality analysis refers to judging whether the positioning result has all of the following rationality characteristics: in-network or along-network event, large number of participating positioning stations, small time residual, accurate intersection at a point, and reasonable and accurate identification of each seismic phase position.

[0019] From the above technical solutions, the present application includes a downhole monitoring subsystem and a ground monitoring subsystem. The monitoring subsystem collects microseismic waveform signals through microseismic sensors and intensity sensors to determine the source position, collects parameters related to acceleration peak value, velocity peak value, vibration intensity, and vibration intensity through the intensity sensor to draw an intensity distribution map and evaluate the damage degree around the source. Through multi-dimensional data analysis, the limitations of traditional single data source are broken through, and the reliability of source mechanism analysis and disaster prediction is improved. The fusion monitoring system of the present application can be used in the fields of mine safety (real-time monitoring of rock burst and roof collapse), urban disaster prevention (evaluation of building seismic performance and optimization of emergency response strategy), oil and gas exploration (analysis of reservoir fracture rules and guidance of fracturing design). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 The structural block diagram of the microseismic intensity fusion monitoring system of the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0022] Figure 2 The communication connection schematic diagram of the microseismic / intensity sensor and the monitoring substation of the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0023] Figure 3 The structural block diagram of the data processing server of the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0024] Figure 4 The processing flowchart of the automatic positioning processing module, the data analysis publishing module, and the man-machine interaction analysis module of the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0025] Figure 5 The monitoring flowchart of the monitoring system of the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In describing the embodiments of the present application, the drawings may be partially enlarged without the general scale for the purpose of illustration, and the schematic diagrams are only examples which should not limit the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that the drawings are simplified and all use non-precise scales, only for the purpose of facilitating and clearly assisting the description of the embodiments of the present application. Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for differentiation, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features; the terms "positive", "negative", "bottom", "upper", "lower", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application, which indicates or implies that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0028] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements, it can be wireless connection, or wired connection. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] The microseismic monitoring system can realize real-time monitoring of underground dynamic process by capturing the micro vibration signals generated by rock mass rupture. The microseismic monitoring system acquires microseismic waveform data by deploying microseismic sensors, and analyzes the source position, energy and activity law by combining signal processing and source location algorithm. According to the microseismic data, the source position, activity law and other information can be known, but the damage degree of the earthquake to the ground surface cannot be grasped, and it is difficult to quickly evaluate the disaster. Some intensity monitoring systems can evaluate the damage degree around the source, but there is no monitoring system for fusing microseismic and intensity data at present, and there is a problem of single data source and difficulty in comprehensive evaluation of disaster.

[0030] Based on the above problems, the present application proposes a monitoring system and method for fusing microseismic and intensity monitoring, which acquires microseismic and intensity data at the same time, performs multi-dimensional analysis of the data, provides time and space dynamic information by microseismic data, reflects the influence of the ground surface by intensity data, provides richer and complementary earthquake influence information, breaks through the limitation of traditional single data source, and improves the reliability of source mechanism analysis and disaster prediction.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the microseismic intensity fusion monitoring system of this embodiment includes: several downhole monitoring subsystems 1, several surface monitoring subsystems 2, and a data processing center 3. Each downhole monitoring subsystem 1 includes a microseismic / intensity sensor 4 installed downhole, a downhole monitoring substation 5, a photoelectric switch 6, and a DC regulated power supply 7, which powers all components of the downhole monitoring subsystem 1. The microseismic / intensity sensor 4 includes a microseismic sensor for acquiring microseismic data and an intensity sensor for acquiring intensity data. The microseismic sensor is a single-component sensor used to acquire vibration waveform information to locate the seismic source; the intensity sensor is a three-component sensor used to acquire peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), vibration intensity information, and other parameters related to vibration intensity to quantify the actual impact of vibration on the surrounding environment. Multiple microseismic / intensity sensors 4 in each downhole monitoring subsystem 2 are connected to the downhole monitoring substation 5 via communication cables, transmitting microseismic and intensity data to the downhole monitoring substation 5.

[0032] The downhole monitoring substation 5 is used to collect data from different types of sensors. Through standardized interfaces and protocols, it enables seamless interchange and integration between microseismic sensors (single-component) and intensity sensors (three-component), allowing the monitoring system to automatically identify and match the type of connected sensor without manual intervention, achieving plug-and-play functionality. The downhole monitoring substation 5 communicates with a photoelectric switch 6 via fiber optic cable or network cable. The photoelectric switch 6 then transmits the data to the data processing center 3 via fiber optic cable. In this embodiment, the monitoring data of the downhole monitoring subsystem 1 is connected to the surface data processing center 3 via a wired connection to the downhole industrial ring network. The downhole monitoring subsystem 1 uses fiber optic network communication technology for signal collection and data transmission, enabling more stable and reliable data transmission.

[0033] In this embodiment, when deploying the microseismic / intensity sensor 4 underground, the following deployment method is adopted to collect underground microseismic and intensity data more comprehensively and accurately: the spacing between adjacent microseismic / intensity sensors (the locations of the sensors are called measuring points) deployed around the mining area shall not exceed 500 meters; the spacing between adjacent microseismic / intensity sensors (measuring points) deployed on the mining face shall not exceed 200 meters; the spacing between adjacent microseismic / intensity sensors (measuring points) in the area where there is mining activity around the main coal seam roadway shall not exceed 500 meters; and the spacing between adjacent microseismic / intensity sensors (measuring points) in areas where there is no mining activity within 500 meters shall not exceed 1000 meters.

[0034] like Figure 2As shown, the downhole monitoring substation 5 of the embodiment adopts a 10-core shielded communication cable 13 as the main cable and connects with the junction box 8, and the microseismic / intensity sensor 4 adopts a 4-core shielded sensor cable 14 and connects with the junction box 8. Each main cable (10-core shielded communication cable 13) can be connected with up to four microseismic / intensity sensors 4, each microseismic / intensity sensor 4 occupies 2 cores of the communication line, shares 2 cores of the power line (the power line is also the control line of the sensor), and shares 1 core of the shielded line. In the 10-core shielded twisted communication cable 13 as the main cable, 4 pairs are used as signal lines to communicate data by using the RS485 protocol, and 1 pair is used as a shared power line of the sensor to communicate by using the carrier technology (low-voltage direct-current carrier communication). The two routes are used as the shared power line of the 4-way microseismic / intensity sensor and the control line of the 4-way microseismic / intensity sensor. In the 4-core shielded sensor cable 14 of the sensor, one pair is used as a signal line to communicate data by using the RS485 protocol, and one pair is used as a power line and a control line.

[0035] Each ground monitoring subsystem 2 includes at least one microseismic / intensity sensor 4, a ground monitoring substation 9, a solar power supply module 10, a GNSS antenna 11, and a wireless communication module 12 arranged on the ground. The microseismic / intensity sensor 4 is in communication connection with the ground monitoring substation 9 through a communication cable and sends microseismic and intensity data to the ground monitoring substation 9. The ground monitoring substation 9 sends data to the data processing center 3 in a 4G / 5G wireless communication mode through the wireless communication module 12. In this way, the problems of large workload of communication wiring construction, difficult fault troubleshooting, large workload of system maintenance, network security, etc. can be solved. The ground monitoring subsystem 2 of the embodiment adopts the solar power supply module 10 to supply power to each component.

[0036] In order to solve the problem of absolute time service accuracy of joint positioning of uphole and downhole and different mining areas, the microseismic / intensity sensor 4 of the ground monitoring subsystem 2 of the embodiment is locally time-synchronized through the GNSS antenna 11, and the microseismic / intensity sensor 4 of the downhole monitoring subsystem 1 is remotely time-synchronized by using GNSS. When optical fiber real-time communication is used, the IRIG code technology is used for time synchronization, and when industrial ring network communication is used, the PTP network technology is used for time synchronization, thereby solving the problems of poor absolute time accuracy of system instruments, inability of joint positioning of different mining areas, etc.

[0037] When the microseismic / intensity sensor 4 is arranged on the ground, the following arrangement is adopted to more comprehensively and accurately collect the ground microseismic and intensity data: when the length of the mining area tendency is less than 2000m, the number of microseismic / intensity sensors (measurement points) arranged in each mining area is not less than 2, which are arranged along the working face strike, and the monitoring range covers both sides of the measurement point strike by 1000m. The first measurement point of the coal mining face is arranged within the range of 50m outside the cut, and the second measurement point is arranged at a position 1000m away from the first measurement point along the working face strike. When the working face strike exceeds 2000m, the measurement point outside the cut is moved outward along the strike after the working face advances to the vicinity of the second measurement point, and the measurement point spacing is not more than 1000m, and the cycle is repeated. The third measurement point is arranged within the range of 50m outside the opening position of the mining face, and the fourth measurement point is arranged 1000m away from the third measurement point along the roadway strike. When the length of the roadway strike is more than 2000m, the measurement point at the opening position is moved to the vicinity of the head, and the measurement point spacing is not more than 1000m, and the cycle is repeated.

[0038] The data processing center 3 includes a central switch 3-1, a time server 3-2, a data processing server 3-3, a monitoring center 3-4, and a workstation 3-5. The central switch 3-1 is respectively connected in communication with the data processing server 3-3, the time server 3-2, and the workstation 3-5, and the central switch 3-1 is simultaneously connected in communication with the monitoring center 3-4 through a router. The microseismic data and intensity data collected by the underground monitoring subsystem 1 and the ground monitoring subsystem 2 are transmitted to the central switch 3-1 through a wired network or a wireless network, and then transmitted to the data processing server 3-3 by the central switch 3-1.

[0039] As Figure 3As shown, the data processing server 3-3 of the embodiment includes an automatic data acquisition module, a real-time data stream service module, an automatic positioning processing module, a data analysis and publishing module, a human-computer interaction analysis module, an intensity monitoring module, and a monitoring display module. Among them, the automatic data acquisition module is used to automatically and real-timely acquire real-time data streams of each downhole monitoring subsystem and each ground monitoring subsystem, and other data stream forwarding data, to realize real-time access of multi-source data. The real-time data stream service module is used to provide a standard protocol interface, receive data from the automatic data acquisition module, complete full access of real-time data from the mine to the center, and real-timely forward the data. The automatic positioning processing module is used to receive microseismic monitoring data forwarded by the real-time data stream service module, and perform positioning calculation and publish the source positioning result based on the received microseismic monitoring data. After triggering an event, the automatic positioning processing module is responsible for publishing the positioning result in the form of message publishing. The automatic positioning processing module is also used to receive intensity monitoring data forwarded by the real-time data stream service module, and draw an intensity distribution map based on the received intensity monitoring data. The data analysis and publishing module is used to perform secondary processing on the source positioning data published by the automatic positioning processing module, including event type judgment, positioning result rationality analysis, positioning result database storage, automatic information publishing, etc. The human-computer interaction analysis module is used to manually audit the source positioning result published by the data analysis and publishing module, and store the audited source positioning result data into a database. The monitoring display module is used to display the microseismic monitoring data and the intensity monitoring data in the monitoring center at the same time, and provide functions including large-screen monitoring, statistical analysis, data query, visual display, etc. In some embodiments, the data processing server 3-3 further includes a real-time waveform monitoring module, which is used to receive real-time data streams from the real-time data stream service module, draw and display real-time waveforms, and trigger state monitoring.

[0040] In a specific application, the automatic positioning processing module calculates the position of the seismic source based on microseismic data through a microseismic positioning algorithm, the microseismic positioning algorithm includes non-classical positioning algorithms such as the Powell method, the genetic algorithm, and classical positioning algorithms such as the Geiger method, the joint inversion method of the hypocenter position and station correction (Joint Hypocenter Determination, JHD), and the double-difference positioning method (HypoDD), and the above algorithms are all existing mature algorithms. When the automatic positioning processing module calculates the position of the seismic source, the positioning accuracy is determined by the phase arrival time quality (the accuracy of the reference wave), the number of stations, the station layout, the layered travel time model, the algorithm and other factors. The basic principle of the positioning algorithm is that each arrival time corresponds to a set of microseismic arrival time equations to form an arrival time equation set, and the microseismic arrival time equation is an equation based on the station (x, y, z) position, the multi-layer wave velocity model and the P-wave arrival time, and the expression is tc=T(x, y, z, Xo, Yo, Zo)+to, wherein tc is the travel time moment of the seismic phase, which is a known parameter, T is the travel time of the seismic wave from the hypocenter (Xo, Yo, Zo, an unknown to be solved) to the station (x, y, z), which can be obtained according to the positions of the hypocenter and the station when the velocity model is known, and to is the earthquake occurrence time, which is an unknown to be solved. The present application does not improve the above algorithm, so the specific calculation method will not be described here.

[0041] The automatic positioning processing module also draws an intensity distribution map based on intensity monitoring data. Specifically, the intensity distribution map is calculated according to the intensity data (PGA value, PGV value) reported by the intensity sensor to obtain the specific intensity value (the calculation method can refer to the calculation formula of the seismic intensity disclosed in the Chinese Seismic Intensity Scale GB / T 17742-2020), and the intensity distribution map is drawn based on the intensity value data of all subsystems. For example, the intensity sensor reports the PGA value and the PGV value, and the specific intensity value (Ⅴ degree, Ⅵ degree, Ⅶ degree, etc.) of each measuring point can be calculated according to the formula. The intensity values of all measuring points are used as basic data to draw an intensity distribution map. The drawing method of the intensity distribution map adopts the existing method, which will not be described here.

[0042] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 The monitoring method of the monitoring system of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0043] During the working process of the monitoring system, all microseismic sensors and intensity sensors receive data in real time. When a microseismic event (a microseismic event refers to an earthquake event with small magnitude and weak intensity) reaches the trigger threshold and the trigger mechanism of multiple measuring points, the data processing server will automatically start the automatic positioning processing module according to the coordinates of the mine map where the sensor is located and the waveforms received by the triggered sensor;

[0044] The automatic positioning processing module publishes the source positioning result through a message queue after completing the source positioning calculation based on the collected microseismic data;

[0045] The data analysis publishing module receives the source positioning result information in real time through subscribing to the message queue, and performs secondary processing on the microseismic positioning result, specifically including event type judgment, positioning result rationality analysis, etc., and publishes the positioning result data after secondary processing to the database storage, and can also notify related modules such as monitoring large screens, data synchronization, etc. in the form of messages. When the data analysis publishing module performs secondary processing on the microseismic positioning result, the event type judgment refers to judging whether the microseismic event is a real microseismic event or an interference event. The real microseismic event meets the following conditions at the same time: clear seismic phase characteristics, short duration, time of arrival and amplitude consistent with distance attenuation law, and low correlation of channel data. The interference event meets any one of the following conditions: no obvious seismic phase characteristics; the duration can be long or short; the time of arrival and amplitude do not conform to the distance attenuation law; and the correlation of channel data is high. The positioning result rationality analysis refers to judging whether the microseismic positioning result has the following all rationality characteristics: in-network or along-network event, large number of participating positioning stations, small time residual, accurate intersection at a point, and reasonable and accurate position identification of each seismic phase. Only the positioning result that is judged to be a real microseismic event and has all the rationality characteristics can be marked as an effective event and stored in the database.

[0046] The man-machine interaction analysis module can initiate manual review of the positioning result published to the database. First, the data and results of the corresponding event are loaded by querying the database. Then, the event waveform and positioning result are reviewed and corrected through the man-machine interaction interface. Finally, the result of manual positioning is republished and stored in the database for updating.

[0047] Due to the serious interference of electric field and magnetic field on the mine, an AC path and a filter can be set at the input and output ends of the interface of the monitoring substation to filter out high-frequency components. Algorithm filtering can also be added to the positioning algorithm to suppress 50Hz and 50Hz multiple and harmonic components, or other algorithms for identifying interference can be added.

[0048] The present application integrates the high-frequency dynamic characteristics of microseismic signals and intensity distribution information, introduces intensity information real-time feedback into the monitoring system, directly correlates strong motion records (microseismic data) at the same location with their corresponding intensity values (instrument intensity), and provides accurate source parameters and ground motion prediction by microseismic data, and provides real ground damage feedback by intensity information, provides massive data support for understanding the localized relationship between ground motion parameters (such as PGA, PGV, Sa) and structural damage degree (intensity) under different site conditions, and can be mutually checked and corrected, such as whether the epicenter position matches, whether the magnitude and intensity distribution are reasonable, etc., which can realize rapid and accurate positioning of the source position, can not only predict the size and impact range of the earthquake based on the initial microseismic signal, but also can dynamically correct the warning parameters (such as estimated intensity) and warning range using the actual observed intensity distribution information in the subsequent stage, reduce false positives and omissions, improve the pertinence and reliability of the warning, make the warning information more accurate and closer to the actual impact, and can also improve the speed and accuracy of the damage assessment, quickly identify the disaster area, assess the potential loss (such as building collapse, infrastructure damage), and optimize the allocation of rescue resources.

[0049] The above description of disclosed embodiments enables one of ordinary skill in the art to make or use the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Accordingly, the application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A microseismic intensity fusion monitoring system, characterized in that, include: The data processing center includes a central switch, a time synchronization server connected to the central switch, a data processing server, and a monitoring center. Several downhole monitoring subsystems, each including a microseismic sensor and an intensity sensor installed downhole, a downhole monitoring substation communicatively connected to the microseismic sensor and the intensity sensor, and an optoelectronic switch communicatively connected to the downhole monitoring substation. The optoelectronic switch is communicatively connected to the central switch via an optical cable and sends the monitoring data of the downhole monitoring subsystem to the data processing center. Several ground monitoring subsystems, each including a microseismic sensor and an intensity sensor installed on the ground, and ground monitoring substations communicatively connected to the microseismic sensor and the intensity sensor. Each ground monitoring subsystem is communicatively connected to the central switch via a wireless communication module, and sends the monitoring data of the ground monitoring subsystem to the data processing center.

2. The microseismic intensity fusion monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: The data processing server includes: an automatic data acquisition module for automatically acquiring real-time data streams from the downhole monitoring subsystem and the surface monitoring subsystem; a real-time data stream service module for receiving and forwarding data from the automatic data acquisition module; an automatic positioning processing module for receiving microseismic monitoring data forwarded by the real-time data stream service module and calculating seismic source location, and for receiving intensity monitoring data forwarded by the real-time data stream service module and drawing intensity distribution maps; a data analysis and publishing module for secondary processing of the seismic source location results published by the automatic positioning processing module; a human-computer interaction analysis module for reviewing the seismic source location results published by the data analysis and publishing module; and a monitoring display module for simultaneously displaying microseismic monitoring data and intensity monitoring data at the monitoring center.

3. The microseismic intensity fusion monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: The downhole monitoring subsystem also includes a DC regulated power supply for powering the downhole monitoring substation.

4. The microseismic intensity fusion monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: The ground monitoring subsystem also includes a solar power module and a GNSS antenna.

5. The microseismic intensity fusion monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: The downhole monitoring subsystem includes microseismic sensors and intensity sensors arranged at measuring points around the mining area, with the spacing between adjacent measuring points around the mining area not exceeding 500 meters. The underground monitoring subsystem also includes microseismic sensors and intensity sensors arranged at measuring points on the mining face, with the spacing between adjacent measuring points on the mining face not exceeding 200 meters. The underground monitoring subsystem also includes microseismic sensors and intensity sensors arranged at measuring points in the main roadway of the coal seam. The distance between adjacent measuring points in areas with mining activities around the main roadway is no more than 500 meters, and the distance between adjacent measuring points in areas without mining activities within a 500-meter radius is no more than 1000 meters.

6. The microseismic intensity fusion monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: The ground monitoring subsystem includes microseismic sensors and intensity sensors arranged at measuring points in the mining area. Each mining area has no fewer than two measuring points, which are arranged along the direction of the mining face, and the distance between adjacent measuring points does not exceed 1000 meters.

7. The microseismic intensity fusion monitoring system of claim 6, wherein: The first measuring point is arranged within a range of 50 meters outside the cutting hole of the mining working face, and the second measuring point is arranged at a distance of 1000 meters from the first measuring point along the strike of the mining working face; when the strike of the mining working face exceeds 2000 meters, the first measuring point is moved outward along the strike after the mining working face advances to the second measuring point, and the process is repeated in sequence; The third measuring point is arranged within a range of 50 meters outside the opening of the mining working face, and the fourth measuring point is arranged at a distance of 1000 meters from the third measuring point along the strike of the roadway; when the strike of the roadway exceeds 2000 meters, the third measuring point is moved towards the heading, and the process is repeated in sequence.

8. The method of microseismic intensity fusion monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: When the monitoring system is working, the microseismic sensor and the intensity sensor both receive data in real time; when a microseismic event reaches a trigger threshold and a trigger mechanism of multiple measuring points, the data processing server starts an automatic positioning processing step according to the coordinates of the mine map where the sensor is located and the waveforms received by the triggered sensor; The automatic positioning processing step completes the calculation of the seismic source positioning based on the collected microseismic data and publishes the results of the seismic source positioning through a message queue; The data analysis and publishing step receives the results of the seismic source positioning in real time through the message queue, processes the results of the microseismic positioning a second time, and publishes the processed results to a database for storage; The manual interactive analysis step initiates manual review of the positioning results published to the database, loads the data and results of the corresponding event by querying the database, and then reviews and corrects the event waveforms and positioning results through a human-computer interaction interface. Finally, the positioning results after manual review are republished and stored in the database for updating.

9. The monitoring method of claim 8, wherein: The secondary processing in the data analysis and publishing step includes event type judgment and positioning result rationality analysis; event type judgment refers to judging whether a microseismic event is a real microseismic event or an interference event. Only the positioning results that are judged as real microseismic events and have all the rationality characteristics are marked as valid events and stored in the database.

10. The microseismic intensity fusion monitoring system of claim 9, wherein: A real microseismic event meets the following conditions: clear seismic phase characteristics, short duration, time of arrival and amplitude consistent with distance attenuation law, and low correlation between channel data; An interference event meets any one of the following conditions: no obvious seismic phase characteristics; The duration can be long or short; the time of arrival and amplitude do not conform to the distance attenuation law; the correlation between channel data is high; Positioning result rationality analysis refers to judging whether the positioning results have all the following rationality characteristics: in-network or along-network events, a large number of participating positioning stations, small time residual error, accurate intersection at a point, and reasonable and accurate identification of each seismic phase position.

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