Adjustable pressing force cylindrical part end face grinding precision clamping device and method of use

Abstract

The application relates to a precision clamping device for grinding the end face of a cylindrical part with adjustable pressing force and a use method, characterized in that the clamping assembly is movably arranged in the axial direction and is limited in the radial direction in the mounting through hole in the inner part of the support; the pressing force adjusting and detecting assembly comprises a pressure adjusting screw, a pressure guide rod, a pressure sliding block, a force spring and a pressure sensor; the screw head of the pressure adjusting screw is threadedly connected with the upper end of the pressure guide rod, the lower end surface of the pressure adjusting screw is in contact with the upper plane of the pressure sliding block; the pressure guide rod is fixedly connected with the upper end of the pressure sensor through the first through hole on the pressure sliding block, and the pressure sensor is fixed on the pressure sensor mounting plane arranged on the support; the force spring is sleeved on the overall outer surface of the clamping assembly in a limited manner; the pressure sliding block is sleeved with the guide pipe through the second through hole, and the upper end of the pressure sliding block is in pressing contact with the force spring; the position of the clamping assembly is adjusted by adjusting the pressure adjusting screw, so that the contact force between the end face of the cylindrical part and the end face of the grinding tool is adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of grinding technology in mechanical manufacturing, and in particular to a precision clamping device and method for grinding the end face of a cylindrical part with adjustable clamping force. Background Technology

[0002] In the precision machining of cylindrical parts, end face grinding is a crucial process to ensure the assembly accuracy and performance of the parts. The stability of the clamping device and the controllability of the clamping force directly determine the grinding quality. Existing clamping methods for end face grinding of cylindrical parts have the following drawbacks: 1. Uncontrollable clamping force adjustment accuracy: Most methods rely on manual adjustment based on experience or spring preload, making it impossible to quantify the clamping force value. Excessive pressure can easily cause part deformation, while insufficient pressure can cause part rotation during grinding, resulting in out-of-tolerance end face grinding. 2. Poor versatility: Traditional clamping devices are mostly designed for cylindrical parts of fixed specifications. When the part's diameter or length changes, the entire clamping set must be replaced, leading to high replacement costs and low efficiency. 3. Insufficient clamping stability: Some devices lack anti-rotation structures, allowing the part to rotate synchronously with the grinding disc during grinding, resulting in scratches or uneven grinding on the end face. 4. Lack of pressure feedback mechanism: The clamping force changes cannot be monitored in real time during clamping, making it difficult to dynamically adjust the pressure according to differences in part materials, easily causing part damage or low grinding efficiency.

[0003] The aforementioned problems make it difficult for existing clamping devices to meet the production requirements of high-precision cylindrical part end face grinding. There is an urgent need for a precision clamping device and its usage method that has adjustable clamping force, strong versatility, and high stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a precision clamping device with adjustable clamping force and a method for using it.

[0005] One of the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:

[0006] A precision clamping device for grinding the end face of a cylindrical part with adjustable clamping force includes a support, a clamping assembly, and a clamping force adjustment and detection assembly;

[0007] The clamping assembly is used to clamp and fix the cylindrical part. The clamping assembly is installed in the mounting through hole inside the support in a manner that is movable in the axial direction and limited in the radial direction.

[0008] The clamping force adjustment and detection assembly includes a pressure adjusting screw, a pressure guide rod, a pressure sliding block, a force-applying spring, and a pressure sensor. The pressure adjusting screw is threaded to the upper end of the pressure guide rod, and the lower end face of the pressure adjusting screw contacts the upper surface of the pressure sliding block during operation. The pressure guide rod passes through a first through hole on the pressure sliding block and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pressure sensor, which is fixed to a pressure sensor mounting plane on the support. The force-applying spring is fitted onto the outer surface of the clamping assembly in a lower limiting manner. The pressure sliding block is fitted with a guide tube through a second through hole, and the pressure sliding block is pressed against the upper end of the force-applying spring. The position of the clamping assembly is adjusted by adjusting the pressure adjusting screw, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the contact force between the end face of the cylindrical part and the end face of the grinding tool.

[0009] Furthermore, a positioning guide cylindrical hole is formed in the center of the support to realize the axial movement and radial positioning of the clamping assembly along the hole. A compression movement space cylindrical hole is also formed in the center of the support to accommodate the force-applying spring. The compression movement space cylindrical hole and the positioning guide cylindrical hole are coaxially connected to form the mounting through hole. A mounting groove is connected to one side of the compression movement space cylindrical hole for mounting the clamping force adjustment and detection assembly. The bottom surface of the mounting groove forms the mounting plane of the pressure sensor. A screw mounting hole is provided at the bottom of the mounting groove. The pressure sensor is fixed by connecting the mounting screw to the threaded hole at the bottom of the pressure sensor. An opening slot is provided on one side of the mounting groove corresponding to the position where the pressure sensor is installed for leading out the signal line of the pressure sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, multiple threaded holes are made on the side of the support opposite to the mounting slot to enable external connection.

[0011] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a locking rod, a guide tube, and a replaceable chuck; the locking rod is a rod structure with a locking handle at the upper end and an externally threaded rod section at the lower end; the outer surface of the guide tube is composed of a large-diameter cylindrical surface and a small-diameter cylindrical surface, wherein the size of the large-diameter cylindrical surface matches the diameter of the positioning guide cylindrical hole on the support, and the small-diameter cylindrical surface is used to mount the force-applying spring of the clamping adjustment assembly and to limit the lower position of the spring; the lower end of the inner hole of the guide tube adopts a tapered hole structure; the outer surface of the replaceable chuck adopts a tapered surface, the upper part of its inner hole adopts a threaded hole, and the lower part of its inner hole is used to install cylindrical parts; the replaceable chuck is connected to the lower part of the locking rod through the threaded hole; the locking rod is inserted into the guide tube, so that the outer surface of the replaceable chuck and the tapered hole at the lower end of the guide tube form a tapered surface fit.

[0012] Furthermore, a guide groove is formed along the axial direction at the outer circle of the upper end of the guide tube, and a guide platform is provided in the second through hole of the pressure sliding block. The guide platform cooperates with the guide groove on the guide tube to realize the axial sliding of the clamping assembly and restrict rotation.

[0013] The second objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0014] A method for using a precision clamping device for grinding the end face of a cylindrical part with adjustable clamping force includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1, Part Positioning: Place the cylindrical part to be ground into the replaceable chuck of the clamping assembly. Adjust the axial dimension chain of the clamping assembly guide tube with the appropriate thickness according to the part diameter to ensure that the part axis coincides with the grinding axis.

[0016] Step 2, Initial clamping: Manually rotate the pressure adjusting screw to move the pressure sliding block toward the part until the pressure sensor detects the initial clamping force;

[0017] Step 3, Pressure Adjustment: The pressure value is displayed on the external display device connected to the pressure sensor. Adjust the displayed value to the target value, and manually fine-tune the pressure adjustment screw to adjust the advance distance of the pressure sliding block until the pressure sensor detection value is consistent with the target value, thus completing the clamping force adjustment.

[0018] Step 4, Grinding process: Start the grinding equipment to grind the end face of the part. During the grinding process, the pressure sensor continuously monitors the clamping force. If the clamping force fluctuates by more than ±3N, continue to adjust the advancing distance of the pressure sliding block to maintain the clamping force.

[0019] Step 5, Processing Completed: After the grinding process is completed, rotate the locking rod of the clamping assembly counterclockwise to drive the replaceable chuck to move axially downward along the inner hole of the guide tube, releasing the radial tightening force caused by the conical surface fit, allowing the replaceable chuck to elastically reset and release the cylindrical part; then lift the locking rod upward, driving the guide tube and the replaceable chuck to move upward synchronously. At this time, the force spring fitted on the outer surface of the guide tube is compressed upward, and the cylindrical hole of the compression movement space provides sufficient upward movement stroke. After the part is completely out of the clamping range of the replaceable chuck, the part can be directly removed.

[0020] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. The clamping force adjustment and detection component used in this invention uses a force spring group to hold the component axially. The clamping force between the end face of the cylindrical part and the grinding tool is transmitted to the pressure sensor in sequence through the force spring, pressure sliding block, pressure adjusting screw and pressure guide rod to realize real-time monitoring of the clamping force. The compression amount of the force spring can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure adjusting screw, thereby realizing the adjustment of the clamping force.

[0022] 2. The clamping assembly of the present invention consists of a locking rod, a guide tube, and a replaceable chuck. It can select different replaceable chucks according to cylindrical parts of different diameters within a certain range, which is highly versatile and does not require replacing the entire set of devices, thus reducing the cost of use.

[0023] 3. The present invention provides an axial guide groove at the outer circle of the upper end of the guide tube of the clamping component, and a guide platform is provided in the second through hole of the pressure sliding block. The guide platform cooperates with the guide groove on the guide tube to realize the axial sliding of the clamping component and restrict rotation, thereby avoiding the parts from rotating synchronously with the grinding disc during the grinding process and ensuring the stability of clamping.

[0024] In summary, this invention provides a precision clamping device and method for grinding cylindrical parts with adjustable clamping force, enabling precise quantitative adjustment of clamping force, adaptation to multiple parts specifications, and stable clamping during the grinding process. It ensures both grinding accuracy and processing efficiency of the part's end face. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is an overall longitudinal sectional view of the clamping device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly appearance of the clamping device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is an exploded perspective view of the clamping device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 Here are structural schematic diagrams of the support of the present invention: 4a, longitudinal sectional view; 4b, external schematic diagram.

[0029] Figure 5 5a is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping component of the present invention, and 5b is a longitudinal sectional view.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping force adjustment and detection component of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The structure of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Please refer to the following: A precision clamping device for grinding the end face of a cylindrical part with adjustable clamping force. Figures 1-6 The invention features a support 1, a clamping assembly 2, and a pressure force adjustment and detection assembly 3.

[0033] Support:

[0034] The support is used to install the clamping assembly and the pressure adjustment and detection assembly. A positioning guide cylindrical hole 1.2 is formed in the center of the support for positioning the clamping assembly, allowing for axial movement and radial positioning of the clamping assembly along the hole. A compression movement space cylindrical hole 1.1 is also formed in the center of the support to accommodate the force spring of the pressure adjustment assembly. The compression movement space cylindrical hole and the positioning guide cylindrical hole are coaxially connected. A mounting groove 1.3 is connected to one side of the compression movement space cylindrical hole. The mounting groove is used to install the pressure adjustment and detection assembly, and the bottom surface of the mounting groove forms a pressure sensor mounting plane 1.4. To fix the pressure sensor, a screw mounting hole 1.5 is provided at the bottom corresponding to the mounting groove. The screw mounting hole is a stepped hole for installing a screw, which connects to the threaded hole at the bottom of the pressure sensor to fix the pressure sensor. Additionally, an opening groove 1.6 is provided on one side of the mounting groove corresponding to the position where the pressure sensor is installed, for leading out the signal line of the pressure sensor.

[0035] The precision clamping device of this invention is designed as an independent control module. Multiple threaded holes 1.7 are made on the side of the support opposite to the mounting groove to realize external connection. It can be used as an independent device to achieve positioning and clamping in different processing scenarios.

[0036] Clamping components:

[0037] The clamping assembly is used to clamp and fix cylindrical parts, and mainly includes a locking rod 2.1, a guide tube 2.2, and a replaceable chuck 2.3.

[0038] The locking rod is a rod structure with a locking handle at the upper end and an externally threaded rod section at the lower end. The outer surface of the guide tube is composed of a large-diameter cylindrical surface and a small-diameter cylindrical surface. The size of the large-diameter cylindrical surface matches the diameter of the positioning guide cylindrical hole on the support. The small-diameter cylindrical surface is used to mount the force-applying spring of the clamping adjustment assembly and to limit the lower position of the spring. The lower end of the inner hole of the guide tube adopts a tapered hole structure for mating with the outer surface of the replaceable chuck. The outer surface of the replaceable chuck adopts a tapered surface, and the upper part of its inner hole adopts a threaded hole, while the lower part of its inner hole is used to install the cylindrical part 5. The replaceable chuck is connected to the lower part of the locking rod through the threaded hole. The locking rod passes through the guide tube, so that the outer surface of the replaceable chuck and the tapered hole at the lower end of the guide tube form a tapered surface mating. Specifically:

[0039] The replaceable chuck can adopt a split elastic gripper structure. Its outer surface is a tapered surface that matches the tapered hole at the lower end of the guide tube, and the lower part of the inner hole is a clamping hole that matches the outer circle of the cylindrical part to be clamped. The side wall of the replaceable chuck is evenly provided with 3-4 elastic grooves along the axial direction. The elastic grooves penetrate to the inner wall of the clamping hole, so that the replaceable chuck has the elastic deformation capability of radial contraction and opening.

[0040] The circumferential positioning of the replaceable chuck and the guide tube is achieved through an anti-rotation keyway mating structure: a rectangular positioning key is set on the upper end face of the tapered surface of the replaceable chuck, and an axial positioning groove adapted to the positioning key is opened on the inner wall of the tapered hole at the lower end of the guide tube; when the replaceable chuck and the tapered surface of the guide tube are mated, the positioning key is embedded in the positioning groove, which can completely restrict the circumferential rotation of the replaceable chuck relative to the guide tube, thereby ensuring that the cylindrical part to be ground has no circumferential movement during the processing.

[0041] In addition, a guide groove 2.2.1 is formed along the axial direction at the outer circle of the upper end of the guide tube.

[0042] This clamping assembly utilizes a clockwise rotation of the locking rod to drive the replaceable chuck upwards axially. The conical surface then tightens the chuck radially, locking and positioning cylindrical parts. Conversely, counter-clockwise rotation of the locking rod drives the chuck downwards axially, releasing the radial tightening effect and allowing the cylindrical parts to be released and disassembled. Different replaceable chucks can be selected for different diameters within a certain range, offering high versatility and eliminating the need to replace the entire assembly, thus reducing operating costs.

[0043] Clamping force adjustment detection component:

[0044] The clamping force adjustment and detection assembly includes a pressure adjusting screw 3.1, a pressure guide rod 3.2, a pressure sliding block 3.3, a force application spring 3.5, a clamp one 3.6, a clamp two 3.7, and a pressure sensor 3.4.

[0045] The pressure adjusting screw is threaded to the upper end of the pressure guide rod. The lower end face of the pressure adjusting screw is arc-shaped and contacts the upper surface of the pressure sliding block during operation. The rotation of the thread moves the pressure sliding block. The pressure guide rod passes through the first through hole on the pressure sliding block and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is fixed to the pressure sensor mounting plane of the support. The force spring is fitted onto the guide tube, and the lower end of the force spring contacts the stepped surface on the guide tube. The pressure sliding block passes through the guide tube through the second through hole, and the pressure sliding block presses against the upper end of the force spring. The position of the clamping assembly is adjusted by adjusting the pressure adjusting screw, thereby adjusting the contact force between the end face of the cylindrical part and the end face of the grinding tool. In actual use, after the pressure is adjusted to the correct position, clamp one and clamp two are installed opposite each other on the upper end of the guide tube. The two clamps are connected by screws to hold the guide tube tightly. The two clamps contact the upper end face of the support to maintain a stable clamping force. In addition, a guide platform 3.3.1 is provided in the second through hole of the pressure sliding block. The guide platform cooperates with the guide groove on the guide tube to realize the axial sliding of the clamping assembly and restrict rotation, thus providing stability to the entire device. In this invention, the guide groove and the guide platform adopt a square groove and square platform cooperation form.

[0046] A method for using a precision clamping device for grinding the end face of a cylindrical part with adjustable clamping force, the method comprising the following steps:

[0047] Step 1, Part Positioning: Place the cylindrical part to be ground into the replaceable chuck of the clamping assembly. Adjust the axial dimension chain of the clamping assembly guide tube with the appropriate thickness according to the part diameter to ensure that the part axis coincides with the grinding axis.

[0048] Step 2, Initial clamping: Manually rotate the pressure adjusting screw to push the pressure sliding block towards the part until the pressure sensor detects the initial clamping force. The initial pressure value is preset to 50-100N, which is set according to the material of the part.

[0049] Step 3, Pressure Adjustment: The pressure value is displayed on the external display device connected to the pressure sensor. Adjust the displayed value to the target value, and manually fine-tune the pressure adjustment screw to adjust the advance distance of the pressure sliding block until the pressure sensor detection value matches the target value. This completes the clamping force adjustment. Precise adjustment of clamping force prevents parts from deforming or shifting. The operation is convenient. The pressure value change is displayed digitally, and manual pressure adjustment and monitoring improve processing efficiency and reduce costs.

[0050] Step 4, Grinding Process: Start the grinding equipment to grind the end face of the part. During the grinding process, the pressure sensor continuously monitors the clamping force. If the clamping force fluctuates by more than ±3N, continue to adjust the advancing distance of the pressure sliding block to maintain a stable clamping force. The stability is high. The inner hole of the replaceable chuck fits tightly with the outer circle of the part. With the help of pressure closed-loop control, the clamping force fluctuation during the grinding process is small, ensuring that the end face shape and position grinding error is ≤0.001mm.

[0051] Step 5, Processing Completed: After the grinding process is completed, rotate the locking rod of the clamping assembly counterclockwise to drive the replaceable chuck to move axially downward along the inner hole of the guide tube, releasing the radial tightening force caused by the conical surface fit, allowing the replaceable chuck to elastically reset and release the cylindrical part; then lift the locking rod upward, driving the guide tube and the replaceable chuck to move upward synchronously. At this time, the force spring fitted on the outer surface of the guide tube is compressed upward, and the cylindrical hole of the compression movement space provides sufficient upward stroke. After the part is completely out of the clamping range of the replaceable chuck, the part can be directly removed.

[0052] Although embodiments and drawings of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will understand that various substitutions, variations and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A precision clamping device for grinding the end face of a cylindrical part with adjustable clamping force, characterized in that: Includes a support, clamping assembly, and clamping force adjustment and detection assembly; The clamping assembly is used to clamp and fix the cylindrical part. The clamping assembly is installed in the mounting through hole inside the support in a manner that is movable in the axial direction and limited in the radial direction. The clamping force adjustment and detection assembly includes a pressure adjusting screw, a pressure guide rod, a pressure sliding block, a force-applying spring, and a pressure sensor. The pressure adjusting screw is threaded to the upper end of the pressure guide rod, and the lower end face of the pressure adjusting screw contacts the upper surface of the pressure sliding block during operation. The pressure guide rod passes through a first through hole on the pressure sliding block and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pressure sensor, which is fixed to a pressure sensor mounting plane on the support. The force-applying spring is fitted onto the outer surface of the clamping assembly in a lower limiting manner. The pressure sliding block is fitted with a guide tube through a second through hole, and the pressure sliding block is in pressurized contact with the upper end of the force-applying spring. The position of the clamping assembly is adjusted by adjusting the pressure adjusting screw, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the contact force between the end face of the cylindrical part and the end face of the grinding tool. The clamping assembly includes a locking rod, a guide tube, and a replaceable chuck. The locking rod is a rod structure with a locking handle at the upper end and an externally threaded rod section at the lower end. The outer surface of the guide tube is composed of a large-diameter cylindrical surface and a small-diameter cylindrical surface. The size of the large-diameter cylindrical surface matches the diameter of the positioning guide cylindrical hole on the support. The small-diameter cylindrical surface is used to mount the force-applying spring of the clamping and adjusting assembly and to limit the lower position of the spring. The lower end of the inner hole of the guide tube adopts a tapered hole structure. The outer surface of the replaceable chuck is tapered, and the upper part of its inner hole adopts a threaded hole, while the lower part of its inner hole is used to install cylindrical parts. The replaceable chuck is connected to the lower part of the locking rod through the threaded hole. The locking rod passes through the guide tube, so that the outer surface of the replaceable chuck and the tapered hole at the lower end of the guide tube form a tapered surface fit. A guide groove is formed along the axial direction at the outer circle of the upper end of the guide tube, and a guide platform is provided in the second through hole of the pressure sliding block. The guide platform cooperates with the guide groove on the guide tube to realize the axial sliding of the clamping assembly and restrict its rotation.

2. The precision clamping device for grinding the end face of a cylindrical part with adjustable clamping force according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning guide cylindrical hole is formed in the center of the support to enable the clamping assembly to move axially and be positioned radially along the hole. A compression movement space cylindrical hole is also formed in the center of the support to accommodate the force-applying spring. The compression movement space cylindrical hole and the positioning guide cylindrical hole are coaxially connected, forming the mounting through hole. A mounting groove is connected to one side of the compression movement space cylindrical hole for mounting the clamping force adjustment and detection assembly. The bottom surface of the mounting groove forms the mounting plane of the pressure sensor. A screw mounting hole is provided at the bottom corresponding to the mounting groove. A mounting screw connects to the threaded hole at the bottom of the pressure sensor to fix the pressure sensor. An opening slot is provided on one side of the mounting groove corresponding to the position where the pressure sensor is installed, for leading out the signal line of the pressure sensor.

3. The precision clamping device for grinding the end face of a cylindrical part with adjustable clamping force according to claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple threaded holes are made on the side of the support opposite to the mounting slot to enable external connection.

4. A method of using the precision clamping device for grinding the end face of a cylindrical part with adjustable clamping force as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1, Part Positioning: Place the cylindrical part to be ground into the replaceable chuck of the clamping assembly. Adjust the axial dimension chain of the clamping assembly guide tube with the appropriate thickness according to the part diameter to ensure that the part axis coincides with the grinding axis. Step 2, Initial clamping: Manually rotate the pressure adjusting screw to move the pressure sliding block toward the part until the pressure sensor detects the initial clamping force; Step 3, Pressure Adjustment: The pressure value is displayed on the external display device connected to the pressure sensor. Adjust the displayed value to the target value. Adjust the advance distance of the pressure sliding block by manually fine-tuning the pressure adjustment screw until the pressure sensor detection value is consistent with the target value, thus completing the clamping force adjustment. Step 4, Grinding process: Start the grinding equipment to grind the end face of the part. During the grinding process, the pressure sensor continuously detects the clamping force. If the clamping force fluctuates by more than ±3N, continue to adjust the advancing distance of the pressure sliding block to maintain the clamping force. Step 5, Processing Completed: After the grinding process is completed, rotate the locking rod of the clamping assembly counterclockwise to drive the replaceable chuck to move axially downward along the inner hole of the guide tube, releasing the radial tightening force caused by the conical surface fit, allowing the replaceable chuck to elastically reset and release the cylindrical part; then lift the locking rod upward, driving the guide tube and the replaceable chuck to move upward synchronously. At this time, the force spring fitted on the outer surface of the guide tube is compressed upward, and the cylindrical hole of the compression movement space provides sufficient upward movement stroke. After the part is completely out of the clamping range of the replaceable chuck, the part can be directly removed.

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