A high-elastic coupling early warning system and method based on multi-parameter cooperative monitoring

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high elastic coupling early warning system and method based on multi-parameter cooperative monitoring, including temperature monitoring module, for collecting the circumferential temperature distribution signal of high elastic coupling;Transmission monitoring module, for collecting the instantaneous speed signal of diesel engine and fuel system execution state signal;Central control unit is connected temperature monitoring module and transmission monitoring module, for receiving the signal sent by temperature monitoring module and transmission monitoring module and carries out feature extraction and linkage determination;Early warning execution module is connected with the central control unit, and the high elastic coupling early warning system and method based on multi-parameter cooperative monitoring of the present application fuses temperature, speed, fuel system state and other multidimensional signals, constructs linkage determination and hierarchical early warning mechanism, realizes the technical leap from passive protection to active prevention, while ensuring the safe operation of equipment, unnecessary downtime is reduced, and the operation efficiency of equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of diesel engine power transmission monitoring technology, specifically to a high-elasticity coupling early warning system and method based on multi-parameter collaborative monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] High-elasticity couplings are widely used in diesel generator sets, pump sets, and marine main propulsion systems. They effectively compensate for installation errors between equipment, buffer and absorb vibrations and shocks during diesel engine operation, and ensure smooth power transmission. However, in actual operation, their core elastic components are prone to rapid temperature increases (thermal degradation) due to instantaneous overload, misalignment, abnormal alternating torque, etc., ultimately leading to fracture failure, causing unplanned downtime, significant economic losses, and even potential safety accidents.

[0003] Currently, the maintenance of high-elasticity couplings mainly relies on regular inspections and post-maintenance repairs, lacking effective online condition monitoring methods. A few applications use a single temperature sensor for monitoring, but this has the following shortcomings: (1) Incomplete monitoring: A single measuring point cannot fully reflect the circumferential temperature distribution, cannot capture the possible temperature unevenness in the circumferential direction of the coupling, and has a monitoring blind spot; (2) Delayed early warning: An alarm is only triggered when the temperature rises significantly to the threshold, at which point damage may have already occurred, making early warning impossible; (3) High false alarm rate: It is impossible to distinguish between normal temperature rise caused by environmental and load changes and abnormal temperature rise before a fault; (4) Lack of correlation analysis: The temperature signal is not correlated with other key state parameters of the transmission system, making it difficult to accurately identify potential risk conditions such as "rollover". Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a high-elasticity coupling early warning system and method based on multi-parameter collaborative monitoring. By integrating multi-dimensional signals such as temperature, speed, and fuel system status, a linkage judgment and hierarchical early warning mechanism is constructed, realizing a technical leap from passive protection to active prevention, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-elasticity coupling early warning system based on multi-parameter collaborative monitoring, comprising:

[0006] The temperature monitoring module is used to collect the circumferential temperature distribution signal of the high-elasticity coupling;

[0007] The transmission monitoring module is used to collect the instantaneous speed signal of the diesel engine and the execution status signal of the fuel system;

[0008] The central control unit is connected to the temperature monitoring module and the transmission monitoring module, and is used to receive signals from the temperature monitoring module and the transmission monitoring module and perform feature extraction and linkage judgment.

[0009] The early warning execution module is connected to the central control unit and executes graded response actions according to the instructions issued by the central control unit, ranging from audible and visual alarms to reducing diesel engine speed, cutting off part of the load, or emergency shutdown through ECU linkage.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature monitoring module includes a temperature sensor arranged circumferentially along the high-elasticity coupling.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transmission monitoring module includes a speed sensor for measuring the diesel engine speed and a monitoring unit for monitoring the execution status of the fuel system.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the central control unit includes:

[0013] The data acquisition module receives temperature, speed, and fuel system status signals for signal conditioning and AD conversion.

[0014] The feature extraction module extracts the features of temperature T, temperature rise rate ΔT, speed fluctuation amplitude ΔN, speed fluctuation rate δ, fuel system fluctuation amplitude Δs, and fuel system fluctuation rate δs.

[0015] The linkage judgment module assesses the immediate threat level based on the collaborative analysis of abnormal risks in the transmission system and the thermal state of the high-elasticity coupling. It has a built-in thermodynamic model, which is established based on parameters such as the material heat capacity, heat dissipation coefficient, and load power of the high-elasticity element. By inputting temperature and speed data in real time, it predicts the temperature rise rate and the time to reach the peak temperature.

[0016] The protection action decision module is used to output graded control commands based on the threat level.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the central control unit communicates with an external remote monitoring system to upload the working status information of the high-elasticity coupling in real time, which facilitates remote monitoring and historical data query.

[0018] A method for early warning of high-elasticity couplings based on multi-parameter collaborative monitoring includes the following steps:

[0019] S1: Real-time acquisition of temperature signals from the high-elasticity coupling, instantaneous speed signals from the diesel engine, and fuel system execution status signals;

[0020] S2: Based on the above signals, calculate in real time the characteristic quantities of temperature T, temperature rise rate ΔT, speed fluctuation amplitude ΔN, speed fluctuation rate δ, fuel system fluctuation amplitude Δs, and fluctuation rate δs;

[0021] S3: Conduct multi-parameter collaborative risk assessment: Determine if the transmission system is abnormal. If the transmission system is abnormal, determine the threat level by combining the real-time temperature T and temperature rise rate ΔT of the high-elasticity coupling.

[0022] If the transmission system is normal but the temperature or temperature rise rate of the high-elasticity coupling is abnormal, the threat level shall be determined according to the degree of abnormality.

[0023] S4: Based on the determined threat level, execute the corresponding graded warning or protection actions.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the conditions for determining the abnormality of the transmission system in step S3 are: the speed fluctuation rate δ is greater than or equal to the preset threshold δmax, or the speed fluctuation amplitude ΔN is greater than or equal to the preset threshold ΔNmax, or the fuel system fluctuation amplitude Δs is greater than or equal to the preset threshold Δsmax, or the fuel system fluctuation rate δs is greater than or equal to the preset threshold δsmax.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the threat level in step S3 includes:

[0026] When the threat level is low, a level 3 audible and visual alarm is triggered.

[0027] When the threat level is medium, a level 2 audible and visual alarm is triggered and the alarm cannot be manually cleared.

[0028] When the threat level is high, a level one audible and visual alarm is triggered, and the ECU directly forces protective actions such as reducing the power, speed, or shutting down the diesel engine.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the criterion for determining the threat level is as follows:

[0030] The conditions for a high threat level include: temperature T is greater than or equal to the third warning value T3, or the predicted peak temperature exceeds the safety limit;

[0031] The conditions for a medium threat level are: temperature T is greater than or equal to the second warning value T2 and less than T3;

[0032] The conditions for a threat level of "primary" are: temperature T is greater than or equal to the first warning value T1 and less than T2, or the temperature rise rate ΔT is greater than or equal to the abnormal temperature rise threshold ΔTset.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) Real-time monitoring of the circumferential temperature field of the high-speed rotating coupling is realized through the circumferential multi-temperature measurement point layout, which can detect local overheating in the early stage without blind spots; (2) Multi-parameter fusion analysis improves the accuracy of status assessment. Through the coordinated judgment of transmission abnormality and temperature trend, early signs of fault can be identified. The system introduces advanced signal processing methods such as dynamic threshold and spectrum analysis, which enables the system to intelligently distinguish between normal operating condition fluctuations and real faults, significantly reducing false alarms and missed alarms; (3) The central control unit makes actions or judgments according to different risk levels, realizing intelligent management of equipment operating status. While ensuring the safe operation of the equipment, unnecessary downtime is reduced and the operating efficiency of the equipment is improved. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the system structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the early warning logic of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 110 Temperature monitoring module, 120 Transmission monitoring module, 130 Central control unit, 140 Early warning execution module, 201 Data acquisition module, 202 Feature extraction module, 203 Linkage judgment module, 204 Protection action decision module. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-2 The present invention provides a technical solution: a high-elasticity coupling early warning system based on multi-parameter collaborative monitoring, including a temperature monitoring module 110, a transmission monitoring module 120, a central control unit 130 and an early warning execution module 140. Through the above modules, multi-parameter collaborative monitoring and analysis are performed to achieve a comprehensive and accurate assessment of the operating status of the high-elasticity coupling, timely detection of potential fault risks and issuance of early warning, and to ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment.

[0039] The temperature monitoring module 110 uses a non-contact infrared temperature measurement array or temperature sensor fixed on a stationary component to detect the temperature of the rotating surface of the high-elastic coupling. To ensure the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the detection, 3 to 4 temperature detection devices are arranged around the high-elastic coupling, 10 to 15 mm away from the surface of the rubber layer, with a sampling frequency ≥10 Hz. The installation angle of these sensors ensures that their monitoring field of view can cover the entire circumferential surface of the rubber layer of the coupling.

[0040] All sensor signal lines are connected to the central control unit 130. The central control unit 130 performs time alignment processing on the data from these sensors through an internal clock, thereby acquiring temperature data from multiple points around the coupling at any given time, forming a real-time perception of the temperature distribution of the rotating component. This installation method can synchronously scan the high-speed rotating high-elasticity coupling, reconstruct the circumferential temperature distribution of the coupling during operation, and effectively identify local hot spots caused by misalignment, local stress concentration, etc. During equipment operation, the temperature signal is transmitted to the central control unit to extract features such as the rate of temperature rise and predict the trend of heat accumulation.

[0041] The transmission monitoring module 120 is used to monitor the status of the transmission system in real time. By monitoring and analyzing the speed signal and the execution status of the fuel system in real time, it can identify abnormal system status in advance, capture the source of fault in advance, and transmit the collected signals to the central control unit. The transmission monitoring module 120 includes a speed sensor for measuring the diesel engine speed and a monitoring unit for monitoring the execution status of the fuel system.

[0042] Among them, the speed sensor is a high-resolution sensor used to collect high-frequency pulse signals from the flywheel or crankshaft. The central control unit 130 processes the pulse signals and calculates the instantaneous speed sequence of the diesel engine by measuring the time corresponding to the fixed crankshaft rotation angle interval. The feature extraction module 202 in the central control unit 130 analyzes the instantaneous speed sequence to extract features such as speed fluctuation rate δ and fluctuation amplitude ΔN.

[0043] The fuel system execution status monitoring unit is used to acquire signals reflecting the fuel supply. These signals can be the rack displacement signal of the mechanical governor, or the fuel injection command signal or fuel metering unit control signal acquired by the electronically controlled diesel engine via the CAN bus. The feature extraction module 202 of the central control unit is used to extract features such as the fuel system fluctuation amplitude Δs and the fuel system fluctuation rate δs from the fuel system execution status signal.

[0044] During equipment operation, the transmission monitoring module transmits speed signals and fuel system execution status signals to the central control unit 130, which then analyzes these signals.

[0045] The central control unit 130 includes:

[0046] Data acquisition module 201 receives temperature, speed, and fuel system status signals for signal conditioning and AD conversion;

[0047] Feature extraction module 202 extracts the feature quantities of temperature T, temperature rise rate ΔT, speed fluctuation amplitude ΔN, speed fluctuation rate δ, fuel system fluctuation amplitude Δs, and fuel system fluctuation rate δs.

[0048] The linkage judgment module 203 assesses the immediate threat level based on the collaborative analysis of abnormal risks in the transmission system and the thermal state of the high-elasticity coupling. It has a built-in thermodynamic model, which is established based on parameters such as the material heat capacity, heat dissipation coefficient, and load power of the high-elasticity element. By inputting temperature and speed data in real time, it predicts the temperature rise rate and the time to reach the peak temperature.

[0049] The protection action decision module 204 is used to output graded control commands according to the threat level;

[0050] The early warning execution module 140 receives instructions from the central control unit and executes graded response actions, ranging from audible and visual alarms to reducing diesel engine speed, cutting off part of the load, or emergency shutdown via ECU linkage. Simultaneously, the central control unit can communicate with an external monitoring system to upload the working status information of the high-elasticity coupling in real time, facilitating remote monitoring and historical data retrieval.

[0051] A method for early warning of high-elasticity couplings based on multi-parameter collaborative monitoring includes the following steps:

[0052] S1: Real-time acquisition of temperature signals from the high-elasticity coupling, instantaneous speed signals from the diesel engine, and fuel system execution status signals;

[0053] S2: Based on the above signals, calculate in real time the characteristic quantities of temperature T, temperature rise rate ΔT, speed fluctuation amplitude ΔN, speed fluctuation rate δ, fuel system fluctuation amplitude Δs, and fluctuation rate δs;

[0054] S3: Conduct multi-parameter collaborative risk assessment: Determine if the transmission system is abnormal. If the transmission system is abnormal, determine the threat level by combining the real-time temperature T and temperature rise rate ΔT of the high-elasticity coupling.

[0055] If the transmission system is normal but the temperature or temperature rise rate of the high-elasticity coupling is abnormal, the threat level shall be determined according to the degree of abnormality.

[0056] S4: Based on the determined threat level, execute the corresponding graded warning or protection actions.

[0057] If the transmission system is normal and the high-elasticity temperature and high-elasticity temperature rise rate are normal in the above steps, only routine monitoring is required.

[0058] If there is no abnormality in the transmission system, the abnormal high-elasticity temperature is as follows: when the detected high-elasticity temperature T is greater than or equal to the first warning value T1 and less than the second warning value, or when the temperature rise rate is greater than or equal to the set abnormal temperature rise threshold ΔTset, the central control unit 130 triggers a level 3 alarm, which reminds the staff to pay attention to the equipment temperature by flashing yellow light and low-frequency buzzing. This alarm signal can be manually restored so that the operator can temporarily eliminate the alarm prompt when initially judging that there is no serious problem, providing the operator with a window period for judgment and intervention.

[0059] When the temperature is greater than or equal to the second warning value T2 and less than the third warning value T3, the central control unit 130 triggers a level 2 alarm, which warns the staff that the equipment temperature is too high by flashing red lights and high-frequency buzzing. The alarm signal cannot be manually cleared, which forcibly reminds the operator to take immediate measures, effectively avoiding delays in handling due to human negligence.

[0060] When the temperature is greater than or equal to the third alarm value T3 or the predicted peak temperature will exceed the limit, the central control unit 130 triggers a first-level alarm. At the same time, the system skips the waiting period and directly sends a command to the diesel engine control system through the ECU communication interface to forcibly execute the diesel engine to reduce power, reduce speed to a safe level or shut down as a protective action to prevent major accidents.

[0061] The abnormal situation of the transmission system is as follows: when the speed fluctuation rate δ or speed fluctuation amplitude ΔN is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, or the fuel system fluctuation amplitude Δs or fluctuation rate δs is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, combined with the control information, excluding speed and fuel system fluctuations caused by sudden load increases or decreases, the central control unit 130 takes action or makes a judgment based on the current temperature of the high-elastic coupling and its changing trend:

[0062] If the high-elastic temperature is less than the set abnormal temperature rise threshold ΔT and the high-elastic temperature does not exceed the first warning value T1, a warning prompt will be triggered. An alarm will be displayed on the screen and a yellow light will flash to remind the operator to pay attention to and eliminate this abnormal situation. This alarm signal can be manually restored. It is intended to remind the operator to check, but does not force the operation to be stopped, so as to ensure the continuous operation of the equipment to the maximum extent.

[0063] If the temperature rise of the high-elasticity spring is greater than or equal to the set abnormal temperature rise threshold ΔTset, or if the temperature of the high-elasticity spring is greater than or equal to the first warning value T1 and less than the second warning value T2, the threat level is determined to be primary. The central control unit triggers a level 3 alarm, which reminds the staff to pay attention to the equipment temperature by flashing yellow light and low-frequency buzzing. This alarm signal can be manually restored so that the operator can temporarily eliminate the alarm prompt when initially judging that there is no serious problem.

[0064] When the temperature is greater than or equal to the second warning value T2 and less than the third warning value T3, the threat level is determined to be medium. The central control unit triggers a level two alarm, warning the staff that the equipment temperature is too high by flashing red lights and high-frequency buzzer. The alarm signal cannot be manually cleared and the operator is forced to take immediate measures.

[0065] When the temperature is greater than or equal to the third alarm value T3, or when the predicted peak temperature will exceed the limit, the threat level is determined to be high. The central control unit triggers a level one alarm. At the same time, the system skips the waiting period and directly executes the diesel engine to reduce power to a safe level or shut down according to the preset program through the ECU, so as to avoid the occurrence of high-elastic coupling tearing failure.

[0066] The high-elasticity temperature first alarm value T1, high-elasticity temperature second alarm value T2, high-elasticity temperature third alarm value T3, and temperature rise threshold ΔTset can be adaptively adjusted according to factors such as rubber aging and ambient temperature, with alarm values ​​T3 > T2 > T1.

[0067] Applicable to mechanical fuel injection pump generator sets: Three non-contact infrared temperature sensors are evenly installed circumferentially on the static protective cover of the high-elasticity coupling of the generator set, aligned with the surface of the rubber layer of the coupling. The central control unit 130 synchronously processes the three temperature signals, generates a circumferential temperature field, and tracks the highest temperature point Tmax and the average temperature rise rate in real time.

[0068] The speed sensor is mounted on the flywheel housing to collect speed signals; the fuel system status is obtained through a displacement sensor mounted on the rack of the mechanical fuel injection pump.

[0069] The feature extraction module 202 of the central control unit 130 calculates the speed fluctuation rate δ and the fuel system fluctuation amplitude Δs, the linkage judgment module 203 performs collaborative analysis, and the early warning execution module 140 triggers graded actions from the control room audible and visual alarm to reducing the diesel engine load through the ECU according to the threat level.

[0070] Example 2:

[0071] For marine main engines with common rail systems: the fuel system execution status signal in the transmission monitoring module 120 is directly obtained through the engine CAN bus to acquire the fuel injection quantity command signal;

[0072] The linkage judgment module 203 in the central control unit 130 adopts a master-slave collaborative analysis strategy: using the fuel signal as the working condition identification benchmark, it dynamically adjusts the speed fluctuation judgment threshold; at the same time, it continuously analyzes the spectrum of the speed signal, paying special attention to the torsional vibration component that matches the shaft resonance frequency; the early warning execution module 140 triggers graded actions from the control room audible and visual alarm to reducing the diesel engine speed through the ECU according to the threat level.

[0073] The temperature alarm thresholds T1, T2, and T3 can be adaptively adjusted according to the ambient temperature of the sea area.

[0074] Example 3:

[0075] Simplified System for Diesel Generator Sets: This embodiment provides a simplified and efficient monitoring solution for diesel generator sets with constant speed.

[0076] Monitoring configuration: The core configuration of the system includes a high-resolution speed sensor in the temperature monitoring module 110 and the transmission monitoring module 120;

[0077] Signal processing and feature extraction: The feature extraction module 202 of the central control unit 130 extracts the speed fluctuation rate δ and speed fluctuation amplitude ΔN from the instantaneous speed sequence;

[0078] Linkage judgment logic: The logic of the linkage judgment module 203 is simplified to: when the speed fluctuation characteristic (δ or ΔN) is greater than or equal to the static threshold set by the generator set, it is judged as "transmission system abnormal", and then the threat level is immediately determined by combining the circumferential temperature field data.

[0079] This solution optimizes system cost and complexity by deeply exploring the diagnostic value of a single speed signal under constant operating conditions, while ensuring core early warning capabilities.

[0080] Example 4:

[0081] Anti-interference collaborative analysis for marine main engines: This embodiment provides an intelligent monitoring solution with stronger anti-interference capabilities for marine main engines with complex operating conditions and resonance points.

[0082] Monitoring configuration: The system is fully configured with a temperature monitoring module 110 and a transmission monitoring module 120 (including a speed sensor and a fuel system signal acquisition unit);

[0083] Collaborative Judgment Logic: The linkage judgment module 203 adopts a master-slave collaborative analysis strategy.

[0084] Using fuel signals as the benchmark for operating condition identification: Real-time determination of whether the main unit is in acceleration, deceleration or constant speed condition, and dynamically adjusting the judgment thresholds for speed fluctuation rate δ and fluctuation amplitude ΔN accordingly;

[0085] Using speed signal spectrum analysis as the core diagnostic basis: continuously analyze the spectrum of speed signal, pay special attention to the amplitude of torsional vibration component that matches the known resonance frequency of the main engine-shaft system. Once the amplitude exceeds the safety limit, regardless of the fuel signal, it is directly determined that there is a high-risk abnormality in the transmission system.

[0086] Fusion Decision: The above-mentioned anomaly conclusions based on rotational speed analysis are fused with circumferential temperature field data to accurately assess the immediate threat level of the coupling.

[0087] This solution effectively eliminates interference from varying operating conditions and accurately detects resonance risks by using dynamic threshold and spectrum analysis techniques.

[0088] The parts of the invention not described in detail are prior art. Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-elasticity coupling early warning system based on multi-parameter collaborative monitoring, characterized in that: include: Temperature monitoring module (110) is used to collect the circumferential temperature distribution signal of the high-elasticity coupling; The transmission monitoring module (120) is used to collect the instantaneous speed signal of the diesel engine and the execution status signal of the fuel system; The central control unit (130) is connected to the temperature monitoring module (110) and the transmission monitoring module (120) and is used to receive signals from the temperature monitoring module (110) and the transmission monitoring module (120) and perform feature extraction and linkage judgment. The early warning execution module (140) is connected to the central control unit (130) and executes graded response actions from audible and visual alarms to reducing diesel engine speed, cutting off part of the load, or emergency shutdown through ECU linkage according to the instructions issued by the central control unit (130). The central control unit (130) includes: The data acquisition module (201) receives temperature, speed and fuel system status signals for signal conditioning and AD conversion. The feature extraction module (202) extracts the feature quantities of temperature T, temperature rise rate ΔT, speed fluctuation amplitude ΔN, speed fluctuation rate δ, fuel system fluctuation amplitude Δs, and fuel system fluctuation rate δs. The linkage judgment module (203) assesses the immediate threat level based on the collaborative analysis of abnormal risks in the transmission system and the thermal state of the high-elasticity coupling. It has a built-in thermodynamic model, which is established based on the material heat capacity, heat dissipation coefficient, and load power of the high-elasticity element. By inputting temperature and speed data in real time, it predicts the temperature rise rate and the time to reach the peak temperature. The protection action decision module (204) is used to output graded control commands according to the threat level.

2. The high-elasticity coupling early warning system based on multi-parameter collaborative monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature monitoring module (110) includes a temperature sensor arranged circumferentially along the high-elasticity coupling.

3. The high-elasticity coupling early warning system based on multi-parameter collaborative monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission monitoring module (120) includes a speed sensor for measuring the diesel engine speed and a monitoring unit for monitoring the execution status of the fuel system.

4. The high-elasticity coupling early warning system based on multi-parameter collaborative monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central control unit (130) communicates with the external remote monitoring system to upload the working status information of the high-elasticity coupling in real time, which facilitates remote monitoring and historical data query.

5. The early warning method for a high-elasticity coupling early warning system based on multi-parameter collaborative monitoring according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Real-time acquisition of temperature signals from the high-elasticity coupling, instantaneous speed signals from the diesel engine, and fuel system execution status signals; S2: Based on the above signals, calculate in real time the characteristic quantities of temperature T, temperature rise rate ΔT, speed fluctuation amplitude ΔN, speed fluctuation rate δ, fuel system fluctuation amplitude Δs, and fluctuation rate δs; S3: Conduct multi-parameter collaborative risk assessment: Determine if the transmission system is abnormal. If the transmission system is abnormal, determine the threat level by combining the real-time temperature T and temperature rise rate ΔT of the high-elasticity coupling. If the transmission system is normal but the temperature or temperature rise rate of the high-elasticity coupling is abnormal, the threat level shall be determined according to the degree of abnormality. S4: Based on the determined threat level, execute the corresponding graded warning or protection actions.

6. The early warning method for a high-elasticity coupling based on multi-parameter collaborative monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that: The conditions for determining the abnormality of the transmission system in step S3 are: the speed fluctuation rate δ is greater than or equal to the preset threshold δmax, or the speed fluctuation amplitude ΔN is greater than or equal to the preset threshold ΔNmax, or the fuel system fluctuation amplitude Δs is greater than or equal to the preset threshold Δsmax, or the fuel system fluctuation rate δs is greater than or equal to the preset threshold δsmax.

7. The early warning method for a high-elasticity coupling based on multi-parameter collaborative monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that: The threat levels in step S3 include: When the threat level is low, a level 3 audible and visual alarm is triggered. When the threat level is medium, a level 2 audible and visual alarm is triggered and the alarm cannot be manually cleared. When the threat level is high, a level one audible and visual alarm is triggered, and the ECU directly forces protective actions such as reducing the power, speed, or shutting down the diesel engine.

8. The early warning method for a high-elasticity coupling based on multi-parameter collaborative monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that: The criteria for determining the threat level are as follows: The conditions for a high threat level include: temperature T is greater than or equal to the third warning value T3, or the predicted peak temperature exceeds the safety limit; The conditions for a medium threat level are: temperature T is greater than or equal to the second warning value T2 and less than T3; The conditions for a threat level of "primary" are: temperature T is greater than or equal to the first warning value T1 and less than T2, or the temperature rise rate ΔT is greater than or equal to the abnormal temperature rise threshold ΔTset.

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