Coupling type real-time communication subsurface buoy system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of ocean observation, and particularly relates to a coupling type real-time communication subsurface buoy system which is characterized in that the lower end of a communication floater is connected with a coupling receiving device I, the lower end of a sub-floater is connected with a coupling receiving device II, the lower end of a main floater I is connected with a coupling receiving device III, and the lower end of a main floater II is connected with a coupling receiving device IV; the upper end of the communication floater is connected with a satellite communication device; the upper end of the sub-floating body is connected with a coupling launching device I, the upper end of the main floating body I is connected with a coupling launching device II, and the upper end of the main floating body II is connected with a coupling launching device III; the induction transmission system is used for sequentially connecting the communication floater, the sub-floating body, the main floating body I, the main floating body II and the anchoring cable system and realizing communication among the components; the anchor system synchronous observation equipment is arranged on the induction transmission system and is used for multi-element observation of the ocean; and the land-based data receiving system is used for receiving and processing observation data transmitted by the satellite communication device. According to the invention, synchronous observation of hydrodynamic data and biogeochemical elements can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine observation, specifically a coupled real-time communication underwater mooring system. Background Technology

[0002] For a long time, deep-sea mooring data acquisition has mainly relied on retrieving moorings to obtain observation data from a past period. This working mode reduces the timeliness of ocean observation data and cannot meet the actual needs of acquiring observation data in the short term. Therefore, how to achieve real-time acquisition of mooring data has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] In the 1980s, the United States began attempting to acquire real-time data on temperature, salinity, depth, and current. In the 1990s, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) both experimented with using underwater acoustic communication to obtain parameters such as temperature, salinity, depth, and current. In the 21st century, the demand for real-time transmission of underwater observation data in the field of physical oceanography has increased significantly. The United States and Japan, among others, have done considerable work on real-time transmission technology for underwater moorings. For example, the University of Washington developed a float-type real-time transmission mooring, and NiGK Corporation of Japan developed a winch-type real-time transmission mooring observation system.

[0004] Since the beginning of the 21st century, my country has made continuous breakthroughs in real-time transmission technology for underwater moorings. The 710 Research Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation successfully developed an underwater mooring system with near-real-time communication capabilities. Equipped with multiple satellite communication buoys, it transmits mooring data to a land-based support station in near real-time by releasing the buoys to the sea surface. Ocean University of China developed a timed satellite communication mooring system, which uses timed ejection of satellite communication buoys on the main buoy to conduct satellite communication and achieve timed data transmission. The Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, developed a 2000-meter profile multi-node multi-element synchronous measurement and real-time transmission deep-sea mooring system, capable of conducting deep-sea profile current observations and multi-node high-density full-profile temperature, salinity, depth, and current monitoring.

[0005] Although some domestic and international organizations have conducted research on real-time communication mooring systems, the current system still faces three major technical bottlenecks: First, the wave-driven swaying of the communication buoy during long-term operations can easily lead to cable entanglement and failure, affecting system reliability; second, limited transmission bandwidth restricts the types and number of sensors that can transmit data in real time, making multidisciplinary collaborative observation difficult; and finally, the maximum effective observation depth of moorings using single-segment coupled transmission is typically no more than 2000 meters, failing to cover the entire ocean depth profile. These bottlenecks severely hinder the construction of my country's global ocean three-dimensional observation network. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a real-time communication mooring system to solve these technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a coupled real-time communication mooring system. It addresses the problems of low reliability and weak intelligent sensing capabilities of real-time communication of deep-sea observation moorings. The invention develops long-term reliable in-situ real-time communication technology based on domestically developed satellites under high sea states, synchronous coupled automatic observation technology incorporating hydrodynamic and biogeochemical elements, and intelligent sensing and adaptive observation technology for sudden ocean dynamic processes. The invention also includes system design and integration testing.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above objectives is: a coupled real-time communication underwater buoy system, comprising: a communication buoy, a sub-buoy, a main buoy I, a main buoy II, an inductive transmission system, a mooring synchronous observation device, an anchoring cable system, and a land-based data receiving system;

[0008] The lower end of the communication float is connected to a coupling receiving device I, the lower end of the sub-float is connected to a coupling receiving device II, the lower end of the main float I is connected to a coupling receiving device III, and the lower end of the main float II is connected to a coupling receiving device IV; the upper end of the communication float is connected to a satellite communication device.

[0009] The upper end of the sub-float is connected to a coupling launch device I, the upper end of the main float I is connected to a coupling launch device II, and the upper end of the main float II is connected to a coupling launch device III.

[0010] The inductive transmission system is used to sequentially connect the communication float, sub-float, main float I, main float II and mooring cable system, and realize communication between the components;

[0011] The moored synchronous observation equipment is installed on the inductive transmission system and is used for multi-element observation of the ocean.

[0012] The mooring cable system is used to anchor the entire system;

[0013] The land-based data receiving system is used to receive and process observation data transmitted through the satellite communication device.

[0014] The structure of the communication buoy is as follows: a vertical main frame runs through the entire buoy and provides the main support, which includes: a buoy central control communication cabin, a buoyancy float, a battery cabin, a buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin, an electric rotating ring, a coupling receiver I, and a satellite communication device;

[0015] The satellite communication device is fixedly installed at the top of the main frame and is used to communicate with the land-based data receiving system to send the collected observation data to the land-based data receiving system via satellite.

[0016] The buoy central control communication cabin and the buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin are fixedly installed on the upper part of the main frame from top to bottom; the buoy central control communication cabin is used to collect, process and control the communication of all observation data; the buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin is used to collect and manage the observation data received through coupling.

[0017] The battery compartment is fixed in the middle of the main frame and is used to provide power to the entire communication float;

[0018] A buoyancy float is enclosed on the outside of the main frame to provide buoyancy for the communication float, ensuring that it floats on the sea surface;

[0019] An electric swivel ring is installed at the lower part of the main frame to allow the cables below to rotate with the ocean current and avoid tangling with the float body;

[0020] The coupling receiving device I is connected below the electric rotating ring and is used to receive data and power transmitted from the inductive coupling cable I below in an inductive coupling manner.

[0021] The sub-float is an elliptical cylindrical structure, and its interior, from top to bottom, integrates: a coupling transmitter I, a sub-float central control and communication cabin, a sub-float battery cabin, a sub-float magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin, and a coupling receiver II;

[0022] The coupling transmitter I is fixedly installed at the upper end of the sub-buoy and is used to transmit the data collected in the central control communication cabin of the sub-buoy upward to the communication float in an inductive coupling manner.

[0023] The sub-float central control and communication cabin is located in the upper layer inside the float body and is used to receive, process and temporarily store data from the main float I below and data from the sensors of this float body;

[0024] The sub-float battery compartment is installed below the sub-float central control and communication compartment and is used to provide power to the equipment of the entire sub-float.

[0025] The sub-float magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin is installed below the sub-float battery compartment and is used to collect and manage the observation data uploaded through the coupling receiver II;

[0026] The coupling receiving device II is fixedly installed at the lower end of the sub-buoy, and its function is to receive data and power transmitted from the lower inductive coupling cable II in an inductive coupling manner.

[0027] The sub-buoy is externally covered by a sub-buoyancy float to provide buoyancy to the sub-buoy.

[0028] The main buoy I includes:

[0029] The main frame of the main buoy I serves as the core supporting structure;

[0030] The coupling receiving device III is fixedly installed at the lower end of the main frame of the main float I, and is used to receive data and power transmitted from the lower inductive coupling cable III in an inductive coupling manner.

[0031] The coupling transmission device II is fixedly installed at the upper end of the main frame of the main float I, and is used to transmit the collected observation data upward to the sub-float in an inductive coupling manner.

[0032] The central control and communication cabin of the main float I is fixedly installed on the upper part of the main frame of the main float I. It is used to receive, process and temporarily store data from the main float II below, observation data on the inductive coupling cable III, observation data of the ADCP of this float and observation data of the biochemical sensor.

[0033] The main float I battery compartment is installed in the middle of the main frame of the main float I and is used to provide power to the equipment of the entire main float I; the main float I magnetic induction data acquisition and control compartment is installed in the lower part of the main frame of the main float I and is used to collect and manage the observation data received through the coupling receiving device III.

[0034] The buoyancy float of the main float I covers the outside of the main frame of the main float I and the aforementioned functional compartments, and is used to provide buoyancy to the main float I;

[0035] The main float I electric rotating ring is installed above the coupling receiving device III. Its function is to allow the cables below to rotate with the ocean current and avoid entanglement with the main float body.

[0036] The main float II includes: a coupling receiving device IV, a coupling transmitting device III, a central control and communication cabin of the main float II, a buoyancy float of the main float II, a battery compartment of the main float II, a magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin of the main float II, a main frame of the main float II, and an electric rotating ring of the float II.

[0037] Main buoy II main frame, used as the main support structure;

[0038] The coupling receiving device IV is fixedly installed at the lower end of the main frame of the main float II, and is used to receive data and power transmitted from the inductive coupling cable IV below in an inductive coupling manner.

[0039] The coupling transmission device III is fixedly installed at the upper end of the main frame of the main float II, and is used to transmit the collected observation data upward to the main float I in an inductive coupling manner.

[0040] The central control and communication cabin of the main float II is fixedly installed on the upper part of the main frame of the main float II, and is used to receive, process and temporarily store observation data from the inductive coupling cable IV and the ADCP observation data of this float.

[0041] The battery compartment of the main float II is installed in the middle of the main frame of the main float II and is used to provide power to the equipment of the entire main float II.

[0042] The magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin of the main float II is installed at the lower part of the main frame of the main float II and is used to collect and manage the observation data received through the coupling receiving device IV.

[0043] The buoyancy float of the main float II is covered by the main frame of the main float II and the above-mentioned functional compartments, and is used to provide buoyancy to the main float II;

[0044] The main float II electric rotating ring is installed above the coupling receiving device IV. Its function is to allow the cables below to rotate with the ocean current and avoid entanglement with the main float body.

[0045] The inductive transmission system includes: inductive coupling cable I, inductive coupling cable II, inductive coupling cable III, and inductive coupling cable IV;

[0046] The inductive coupling cable I is connected between the communication buoy and the sub-buoy; the inductive coupling cable II is connected between the sub-buoy and the main buoy I; the inductive coupling cable III is connected between the main buoy I and the main buoy II; and the inductive coupling cable IV is connected between the main buoy II and the mooring cable system.

[0047] The inductive transmission system employs a multi-layered structure for each inductive coupling cable, including: a thin steel wire rope, a plastic coating layer, a tensile layer, and a wear-resistant layer.

[0048] Fine steel wire rope serves as the cable core, providing tensile strength support;

[0049] A plastic coating layer is applied to the outside of the fine steel wire rope to insulate and protect the cable core;

[0050] A tensile layer is wrapped around the outside of the plastic coating layer. The tensile layer is made of high-strength fiber material to enhance the tensile strength of the cable.

[0051] The outermost layer, made of wear-resistant polymer material, is used to protect the cable from abrasion in the marine environment.

[0052] The anchorage synchronous observation equipment includes:

[0053] Four sets of Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs) are used for current profile observation at different depths. Two of them are embedded inside the main float I and main float II, respectively.

[0054] Multiple temperature, salinity and depth (CTD) meters are fixedly installed at predetermined intervals on the inductive coupling cable III and inductive coupling cable IV for synchronous measurement of temperature, salinity and depth parameters at different water depths.

[0055] Multiple temperature sensors are fixedly installed at predetermined intervals on the inductive coupling cable III and inductive coupling cable IV for high-density temperature profile measurement.

[0056] The number of temperature sensors is equal to the number of CTDs (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) instruments; and the number of temperature sensors installed on inductive coupling cables III and IV is equal to the number of CTDs (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) instruments.

[0057] Two single-point acoustic current meters are fixedly installed on the inductive coupling cable IV for measuring the current velocity and direction at specific points;

[0058] Two sets of biogeochemical sensors are integrated on the sub-float and the main float I, respectively, for real-time measurement of nitrate, chlorophyll, turbidity, pH value and dissolved oxygen parameters.

[0059] The anchoring cable system includes:

[0060] The Kevlar cable, connected at its upper end to the inductive coupling cable IV, is made of high-strength Kevlar fiber material and is used to provide primary tensile support;

[0061] A glass buoy assembly, connected in series with the Kevlar cable, is used to provide buoyancy to the lower anchor system, keeping the anchor system vertical in the water.

[0062] A parallel acoustic release device is connected below the glass float assembly to release the anchor system upon receiving an acoustic command, thereby enabling system recovery.

[0063] A buffer cable, connected below the parallel acoustic release unit, is made of elastic material and is used to buffer the impact of ocean waves on the system.

[0064] An anchoring weight, connected to the bottom end of the buffer cable, is used to anchor the entire system at a predetermined position on the seabed.

[0065] The land-based data receiving system includes:

[0066] A receiving antenna is used to receive observation data signals transmitted by a communication buoy via satellite;

[0067] A data receiver, connected to the receiving antenna via a cable, is used to decode and process the received signals;

[0068] A receiving server, connected to the data receiver via a network, is used to store and manage the decoded observation data;

[0069] The receiving software, installed on the receiving server, is used to realize real-time data query, historical data query, data graph plotting, and data export functions.

[0070] The system is configured to achieve data relay transmission via inductive coupling, specifically:

[0071] a) The deepest observation data is collected by the CTD, temperature sensor and single-point acoustic current meter on the inductive coupling cable IV, and transmitted to the coupling receiving device IV at the lower end of the main float II via inductive coupling.

[0072] b) The coupling receiving device IV sends the received data to the magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin of the main float II for acquisition and temporary storage. At the same time, the profile current data acquired by the two ADCPs embedded in the main float II are also transmitted to the data acquisition and control cabin.

[0073] c) After the magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin of the main float II collects all the data, it is uploaded to the central control and communication cabin of the main float II for integration and processing. The processed data packet is transmitted through the coupling transmitter III fixed at the upper end of the main float II in an inductive coupling manner and transmitted upward through the inductive coupling cable III.

[0074] d) Data from the observation equipment on the inductive coupling cable III and data packets from the main float II are received by the coupling receiving device III at the lower end of the main float I and sent to the magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin of the main float I.

[0075] e) The observation data of the two ADCPs embedded in the main float I and the observation data of the biochemical sensors integrated on them are also sent to the magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin of the main float I. After all the data is collected and temporarily stored in the cabin, it is uploaded to the central control and communication cabin of the main float I for integration and processing.

[0076] f) The central control and communication cabin of the main float I will transmit the processed integrated data packet through the coupling transmitter II fixed at the upper end of the main float I in an inductive coupling manner, and transmit it upward through the inductive coupling cable II;

[0077] g) Data on the inductive coupling cable II and data packets from the main float I are received by the coupling receiving device II at the lower end of the sub-float and sent to the sub-float magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin.

[0078] h) The observation data from the biochemical sensors integrated on the sub-buoy are also sent to the magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin of the sub-buoy. After all the data is collected and temporarily stored in this cabin, it is uploaded to the central control and communication cabin of the sub-buoy for integration and processing.

[0079] i) The central control and communication cabin of the sub-float will transmit the processed integrated data packet through the coupling transmitter I fixed at the upper end of the sub-float in an inductive coupling manner, and transmit it upward through the inductive coupling cable I;

[0080] j) The data on the inductive coupling cable I and the data packets from the sub-buoy are finally received by the coupling receiving device I at the lower end of the sea surface communication buoy (1) and sent to the buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin.

[0081] k) The buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin ultimately integrates all data into the buoy central control and communication cabin. This cabin controls the satellite communication device to send the complete observation data to the land-based data receiving system via satellite, thereby realizing the real-time transmission of observation data from the deepest underwater observation point to the shore base.

[0082] The present invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:

[0083] 1. This invention possesses long-term stability and reliability. It employs a multi-source domestic satellite communication method to ensure reliable communication, with data transmission primarily using BeiDou satellites, supplemented by TianTong satellites. Furthermore, by optimizing the communication buoy structure, implementing two-way communication, and enabling breakpoint resume transmission, the reliability of this underwater buoy system for long-term stable real-time communication under high sea states is improved.

[0084] 2. This invention features simultaneous observation. It enables simultaneous observation of hydrodynamic data such as ocean temperature, salinity, depth, and current, as well as biogeochemical elements such as nitrate, chlorophyll, turbidity, pH, and dissolved oxygen.

[0085] 3. This invention enables deep-seated ocean current observation and multi-node, high-density, full-profile temperature, salinity, depth, and current monitoring. Each segment of inductive coupling transmission can transmit data over a length of 2000 meters, and four segments of inductive coupling relay transmission can achieve inductive transmission of observation data at depths up to 8000 meters underwater, as well as real-time transmission to shore stations. Attached Figure Description

[0086] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the coupled real-time communication underwater buoy system of the present invention;

[0087] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sea surface communication float of the present invention;

[0088] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sub-buoy of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main buoy I structure of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main buoy II structure of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coupled real-time communication underwater mooring and anchorage synchronous observation device of the present invention;

[0092] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the lightweight inductive coupling transmission cable of the present invention;

[0093] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the land-based data receiving system of the present invention;

[0094] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of the coupling communication process of the present invention.

[0095] Among them, 1 is communication float I, 2 is sub-float, 3 is main float I, 4 is a set of induction transmission system, 5 is main float II, 6 is a set of anchorage synchronous observation equipment, 7 is a set of anchorage cable system, and 8 is land-based data receiving system.

[0096] 1-1 is the central control communication compartment of the sea surface communication buoy; 1-2 is the buoyancy body of the sea surface communication buoy; 1-3 is the battery compartment; 1-4 is the magnetic induction data acquisition and control compartment of the buoy; 1-5 is the main frame of the sea surface communication buoy; 1-6 is the electric rotating ring; 1-7 is the coupling receiver I; 1-8 is the satellite communication device.

[0097] 2-1 is the coupling receiver II, 2-2 is the coupling transmitter I, 2-3 is the sub-float central control communication cabin, 2-4 is the sub-float buoyancy float, 2-5 is the sub-float battery cabin, and 2-6 is the sub-float magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin.

[0098] 3-1 is the coupling receiving device III, 3-2 is the coupling transmitting device II, 3-3 is the central control and communication compartment of the main float I, 3-4 is the buoyancy float of the main float I, 3-5 is the battery compartment of the main float I, 3-6 is the magnetic induction data acquisition and control compartment of the main float I, 3-7 is the main frame of the main float I, and 3-8 is the electric rotating ring of the main float I.

[0099] 4-1 is inductive coupling cable I, 4-2 is inductive coupling cable II, 4-3 is inductive coupling cable III, 4-4 is inductive coupling cable IV, 4-5 is fine steel wire rope, 4-6 is plastic coating layer, 4-7 is tensile layer, and 4-8 is wear-resistant layer;

[0100] 5-1 is the coupling receiver IV, 5-2 is the coupling transmitter III, 5-3 is the central control and communication compartment of the main float II, 5-4 is the buoyancy float of the main float II, 5-5 is the battery compartment of the main float II, 5-6 is the magnetic induction data acquisition and control compartment of the main float II, 5-7 is the main frame of the main float II, and 5-8 is the electric rotating ring of the main float II.

[0101] 6-1 is ADCP, 6-2 is CTD, 6-3 is temperature sensor, 6-4 is single-point acoustic current meter, and 6-5 is biogeochemical sensor.

[0102] 7-1 is Kevlar cable, 7-2 is glass float assembly, 7-3 is parallel acoustic release device, 7-4 is buffer cable, and 7-5 is anchoring weight.

[0103] 8-1 is the data receiver, 8-2 is the receiving antenna, 8-3 is the client receiver, and 8-4 is the receiving software. Detailed Implementation

[0104] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0105] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the present invention is based on a coupled real-time communication underwater buoy system, which consists of a communication buoy 1, a sub-buoy 2, a main buoy I 3, a set of induction transmission system 4, a main buoy II 5, a set of anchorage synchronous observation equipment 6, a set of anchorage cable system 7, and a set of land-based data receiving system 8.

[0106] The lower end of communication float 1 is connected to coupling receiver I1-7, the lower end of sub-float 2 is connected to coupling receiver II2-1, the lower end of main float I3 is connected to coupling receiver III3-1, and the lower end of main float II5 is connected to coupling receiver IV5-1; the upper end of communication float 1 is connected to satellite communication device 1-8.

[0107] The upper end of the sub-float 2 is connected to the coupling launch device I2-2, the upper end of the main float I3 is connected to the coupling launch device II3-2, and the upper end of the main float II5 is connected to the coupling launch device III5-2.

[0108] The inductive transmission system 4 is used to sequentially connect the communication float 1, the sub-float 2, the main float I3, the main float II5 and the mooring cable system 7, and to realize communication between the components.

[0109] The moored synchronous observation device 6 is installed on the induction transmission system 4 for multi-element ocean observation;

[0110] Anchorage system 7, used to anchor the entire system;

[0111] The ground-based data receiving system 8 is used to receive and process observation data transmitted through the satellite communication devices 1-8.

[0112] like Figure 2 As shown, the structure of the communication buoy 1 is as follows: a vertical main frame 1-5 runs through the entire buoy and provides the main support, which includes: buoy central control communication cabin 1-1, buoyancy body 1-2, battery cabin 1-3, buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 1-4, electric rotating ring 1-6, coupling receiving device 11-7 and satellite communication device 1-8;

[0113] Among them, the satellite communication device 1-8 is fixedly installed at the top of the main frame 1-5 and is used to communicate with the land-based data receiving system 8 to send the collected observation data to the land-based data receiving system 8 via satellite;

[0114] The buoy central control communication cabin 1-1 and the buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 1-4 are fixedly installed on the upper part of the main frame 1-5 from top to bottom; the buoy central control communication cabin 1-1 is used to collect, process and control the communication of all observation data; the buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 1-4 is used to collect and manage the observation data received through coupling.

[0115] The battery compartment 1-3 is fixed in the middle of the main frame 1-5 and is used to provide power to the entire communication float 1;

[0116] The buoyancy float 1-2 covers the outside of the main frame 1-5 and is used to provide buoyancy for the communication float 1 to ensure that it floats on the sea surface;

[0117] The electric rotating ring 1-6 is installed at the lower part of the main frame 1-5 to allow the cables below to rotate with the ocean current and avoid tangling with the float body;

[0118] The coupling receiving device I1-7 is connected below the electric rotating ring 1-6 and is used to receive data and power transmitted from the lower inductive coupling cable I4-1 in an inductive coupling manner.

[0119] like Figure 3 The diagram shows the internal structure of the sub-float of the present invention. The sub-float 2 of the present invention is an elliptical cylindrical structure, which integrates the following components from top to bottom: a coupling transmitter I2-2, a sub-float central control communication cabin 2-3, a sub-float battery cabin 2-5, a sub-float magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 2-6, and a coupling receiver II2-1.

[0120] The coupling transmitter I2-2 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the sub-buoy 2 and is used to transmit the data collected by the central control communication cabin 2-3 of the sub-buoy to the communication float 1 via inductive coupling.

[0121] The sub-float central control and communication compartment 2-3 is located in the upper layer inside the float body and is used to receive, process and temporarily store data from the main float body I3 below and data from the sensors of this float body;

[0122] The battery compartment 2-5 of the sub-float is installed below the central control and communication compartment 2-3 of the sub-float and is used to provide power to the equipment of the entire sub-float 2;

[0123] The magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 2-6 of the sub-float is installed below the battery cabin 2-5 of the sub-float and is used to acquire and manage the observation data uploaded through the coupling receiving device II2-1;

[0124] The coupling receiving device II2-1 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the sub-buoy 2. Its function is to receive data and power transmitted from the lower inductive coupling cable II4-2 in an inductive coupling manner.

[0125] The sub-float 2 is externally covered by the sub-float buoyancy float 2-4 to provide buoyancy to the sub-float 2.

[0126] like Figure 4 As shown, the main buoy I3 of the present invention includes:

[0127] Main frame 3-7 of main buoy I serves as the core supporting structure;

[0128] The coupling receiving device III3-1 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the main frame 3-7 of the main float I, and is used to receive data and power transmitted from the inductive coupling cable III4-3 below in an inductive coupling manner.

[0129] The coupling transmitter II3-2 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the main frame 3-7 of the main float I, and is used to transmit the collected observation data upward to the sub-float 2 by inductive coupling.

[0130] The central control and communication cabin 3-3 of the main float I is fixedly installed on the upper part of the main frame 3-7 of the main float I. It is used to receive, process and temporarily store data from the main float II5 below, observation data from the inductive coupling cable III4-3, observation data from the ADCP6-1 of this float and observation data from the biochemical sensor 6-5.

[0131] The main float I battery compartment 3-5 is installed in the middle of the main float I main frame 3-7 and is used to provide power to the equipment of the entire main float I 3; the main float I magnetic induction data acquisition and control compartment 3-6 is installed in the lower part of the main float I main frame 3-7 and is used to collect and manage the observation data received through the coupling receiving device III 3-1.

[0132] The buoyancy float 3-4 of the main float I covers the exterior of the main frame 3-7 of the main float I and the aforementioned functional compartments, and is used to provide buoyancy for the main float I 3.

[0133] The main float I electric rotating ring 3-8 is installed above the coupling receiving device III 3-1. Its function is to allow the cable system below to rotate with the ocean current and avoid entanglement with the main float body.

[0134] like Figure 5The diagram shown is a schematic of the main float II structure of the present invention. The main float II 5 includes: a coupling receiving device IV 5-1, a coupling transmitting device III 5-2, a central control communication cabin 5-3, a buoyancy float 5-4, a battery cabin 5-5, a magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 5-6, a main frame 5-7, and an electric rotating ring 5-8.

[0135] Main frame 5-7 of main float II serves as the main support structure;

[0136] The coupling receiving device IV5-1 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the main frame 5-7 of the main float II, and is used to receive data and power transmitted from the inductive coupling cable IV4-4 below in an inductive coupling manner.

[0137] The coupling transmitter III5-2 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the main frame 5-7 of the main float II, and is used to transmit the collected observation data upward to the main float I3 in an inductive coupling manner.

[0138] The central control and communication cabin 5-3 of the main float II is fixedly installed on the upper part of the main frame 5-7 of the main float II, and is used to receive, process and temporarily store observation data from the inductive coupling cable IV4-4 and the observation data of the ADCP6-1 of this float.

[0139] The battery compartment 5-5 of the main float II is installed in the middle of the main frame 5-7 of the main float II and is used to provide power to the equipment of the entire main float II 5.

[0140] The magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 5-6 of the main float II is installed at the lower part of the main frame 5-7 of the main float II and is used to acquire and manage the observation data received through the coupling receiving device IV5-1.

[0141] The buoyancy float 5-4 of the main float II covers the exterior of the main frame 5-7 of the main float II and the aforementioned functional compartments, and is used to provide buoyancy for the main float II 5.

[0142] The main float II electric rotating ring 5-8 is installed above the coupling receiving device IV5-1. Its function is to allow the cables below to rotate with the ocean current and avoid entanglement with the main float body.

[0143] like Figure 1 As shown, the inductive transmission system 4 includes: inductive coupling cable I4-1, inductive coupling cable II4-2, inductive coupling cable III4-3 and inductive coupling cable IV4-4;

[0144] The communication float 1 is connected to the inductive coupling cable I4-1. The lower end of the inductive coupling cable I4-1 is connected to the sub-float 2. The lower end of the sub-float 2 is connected to the inductive coupling cable II4-2. The lower end of the inductive coupling cable II4-2 is connected to the main float I3, which has two sets of ADCP6-1 embedded in it. The lower end of the main float I3 is connected to the 600-meter-long inductive coupling cable III4-3, which is then connected to the main float II5, which has two sets of ADCP6-1 embedded in it. The lower end of the main float II5 is connected to the inductive coupling cable IV4-4. Below it, in sequence, are connected the Kevlar cable 7-1, the glass buoy group 7-2, the parallel acoustic release device 7-3, the buffer cable 7-4, and the anchoring weight 7-5.

[0145] like Figure 7 As shown, each inductive coupling cable in the inductive transmission system 4 adopts a multi-layer structure, including: fine steel wire rope 4-5, plastic coating layer 4-6, tensile layer 4-7, and wear-resistant layer 4-8; in this embodiment, the diameter of the inductive coupling transmission cable is 12mm, which can realize data inductive coupling transmission over a length of 2000 meters.

[0146] Fine steel wire rope 4-5 serves as the cable core, providing tensile strength support;

[0147] The plastic coating layer 4-6 covers the outside of the fine steel wire rope 4-5 and is used for insulation and protection of the cable core;

[0148] Tensile layer 4-7 covers the outside of plastic coating layer 4-6. Tensile layer 4-7 is made of high-strength fiber material to enhance the tensile strength of the cable.

[0149] The outermost layer, abrasion-resistant layer 4-8, is made of abrasion-resistant polymer material and is used to protect the cable from abrasion in the marine environment.

[0150] like Figure 6 As shown, the moored synchronous observation device 6 in this embodiment includes: four sets of acoustic Doppler current profilers ADCP6-1, 20 sets of temperature, salinity and depth meters CTD6-2, 20 temperature sensors 6-3, two single-point acoustic current meters 6-4, and two sets of biogeochemical sensors 6-5.

[0151] Among them, the anchorage synchronous observation equipment 6 is deployed in layers according to depth and function, and its specific layout is as follows:

[0152] Main buoy layer ADCP: Two sets of acoustic Doppler current profilers ADCP6-1 are embedded inside the main buoy I3 and main buoy II5 respectively, for current profile observation.

[0153] Mid-layer high-density hydrological profile observation array: Ten sets of CTD6-2 temperature, salinity and depth meters and ten temperature sensors 6-3 are fixedly installed at predetermined intervals on the inductive coupling cable III4-3 connecting the main float I3 and the main float II5, forming a synchronous observation array for mid-layer hydrological profiles.

[0154] The bottom-level integrated observation array: On the inductive coupling cable IV4-4 below the main buoy II5, the following are fixedly installed from top to bottom:

[0155] Ten CTD6-2 temperature, salinity and depth meters and ten 6-3 temperature sensors are deployed at predetermined intervals to form a high-density hydrological profile observation array at the bottom layer.

[0156] Two single-point acoustic current meters 6-4 are fixed at predetermined depths on the inductive coupling cable IV4-4 for fixed-point current measurement.

[0157] Biogeochemical element observation points: Two sets of biogeochemical sensors 6-5 are integrated on the sub-float 2 and the main float I3 respectively, for simultaneous observation of multiple parameters such as nitrate, chlorophyll, turbidity, pH value and dissolved oxygen in specific water layers.

[0158] like Figure 1 As shown, the mooring mooring system 7 includes:

[0159] Kevlar cable 7-1, with its upper end connected to the inductive coupling cable IV4-4, is made of high-strength Kevlar fiber material and is used to provide the main tensile support;

[0160] The glass buoy assembly 7-2 is connected in series with the Kevlar cable 7-1 to provide buoyancy to the lower anchor system, so that the anchor system remains vertical in the water.

[0161] A parallel acoustic release device 7-3 is connected below the glass float assembly 7-2 and is used to release the anchor system after receiving an acoustic command, thereby realizing system recovery.

[0162] The buffer cable 7-4, connected below the parallel acoustic release device 7-3, is made of elastic material and is used to buffer the impact of ocean waves on the system.

[0163] Anchor weight 7-5 is connected to the bottom end of the buffer cable 7-4 and is used to anchor the entire system at a predetermined position on the seabed.

[0164] like Figure 8 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the land-based data receiving system of the present invention. The land-based data receiving system 8 of the present invention includes:

[0165] Receiving antenna 8-2 is used to receive observation data signals transmitted by communication float 1 via satellite;

[0166] The data receiver 8-1 is connected to the receiving antenna 8-2 via a cable and is used to decode and process the received signals;

[0167] The receiving server 8-3 is connected to the data receiver 8-1 via a network and is used to store and manage the decoded observation data;

[0168] The receiving software 8-4 is installed on the receiving server 8-3 and is used to realize real-time data query, historical data query, data curve plotting and data export functions.

[0169] like Figure 9 The diagram shown is a flowchart of the coupling communication process of this invention. The communication buoy system of this invention is configured to achieve data relay transmission through inductive coupling, specifically as follows:

[0170] a) The deepest observation data is collected by the CTD6-2, temperature sensor 6-3 and single-point acoustic current meter 6-4 on the inductive coupling cable IV4-4, and transmitted to the coupling receiving device IV5-1 at the lower end of the main float II5 via inductive coupling.

[0171] b) The coupling receiving device IV5-1 sends the received data to the magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 5-6 of the main float II for acquisition and temporary storage. At the same time, the profile current data acquired by the two ADCP6-1 sets embedded in the main float II 5 are also transmitted to the data acquisition and control cabin.

[0172] c) After the magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 5-6 of the main float II collects all the data, it is uploaded to the central control and communication cabin 5-3 of the main float II for integration and processing. The processed data packet is transmitted through the coupling transmitter III5-2 fixed at the upper end of the main float II in an inductive coupling manner and transmitted upward through the inductive coupling cable III4-3.

[0173] d) Data from the observation equipment on the inductive coupling cable III4-3 and data packets from the main float II5 are received by the coupling receiving device III3-1 at the lower end of the main float I3 and sent to the magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (3-6) of the main float I.

[0174] e) The observation data of the two ADCP6-1 sets embedded in the main float I3 and the observation data of the biochemical sensor 6-5 integrated on it are also sent to the magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 3-6 of the main float I. After all the data is collected and temporarily stored in this cabin, it is uploaded to the central control and communication cabin 3-3 of the main float I for integration and processing.

[0175] f) The central control and communication cabin 3-3 of the main float I transmits the processed integrated data packet via the coupling transmitter II3-2 fixed to the upper end of the main float I in an inductive coupling manner, and transmits it upward through the inductive coupling cable II4-2;

[0176] g) Data on the inductive coupling cable II4-2 and data packets from the main float I3 are received by the coupling receiving device II2-1 at the lower end of the sub-float 2 and sent to the sub-float magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 2-6.

[0177] h) The observation data of the biochemical sensor 6-5 integrated on the sub-float 2 is also sent to the magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 2-6 of the sub-float. After all the data is collected and temporarily stored in this cabin, it is uploaded to the central control and communication cabin 2-3 of the sub-float for integration and processing.

[0178] i) The central control and communication cabin 2-3 of the sub-float will transmit the processed integrated data packet through the coupling transmitter I2-2 fixed at the upper end of the sub-float in an inductive coupling manner, and transmit it upward through the inductive coupling cable I4-1;

[0179] j) The data on the inductive coupling cable I4-1 and the data packets from the sub-buoy 2 are finally received by the coupling receiving device I1-7 at the lower end of the sea surface communication buoy 1 and sent to the buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 1-4.

[0180] k) The buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin 1-4 ultimately integrates all data into the buoy central control and communication cabin 1-1, which controls the satellite communication device 1-8 to send the complete observation data to the land-based data receiving system 8 via satellite, thereby realizing the real-time transmission of observation data from the deepest underwater observation point to the shore base.

[0181] This invention achieves a technological breakthrough. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the system employs main buoys I3 and II5 to form dual relay nodes, coupled with a specially optimized lightweight inductive coupling cable 4, enabling real-time data transmission across the entire ocean depth of 8000 meters. This design not only overcomes the transmission depth limitation but also significantly improves data transmission reliability through a layered aggregation mechanism.

[0182] In terms of intelligent sensing, the system innovatively integrates hydrodynamic observation with biogeochemical monitoring. For example... Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the biochemical sensor 6-5 integrated in the sub-float 2 and the main float I3 can simultaneously acquire key environmental parameters such as nitrate and chlorophyll. Combined with the ADCP6-1 and CTD6-2 arrays, it truly realizes multi-dimensional synchronous observation of "physical-biochemical-ecological".

[0183] The practical application of this invention will yield significant benefits: in the field of marine disaster prevention and mitigation, it can obtain marine response data 72 hours in advance when typhoons pass; in climate change research, it can continuously provide key parameters of the deep-sea carbon cycle; and for marine ranching construction, it can monitor the dynamics of eutrophication in water bodies in real time. Through the intelligent software platform of the land-based data receiving system 8, researchers can remotely acquire processed multi-dimensional datasets, greatly improving my country's marine environmental forecasting and scientific research capabilities. This technological breakthrough marks a new stage in real-time observation technology, characterized by "full ocean depth, multi-element, and intelligent" capabilities, providing core equipment support for building a "transparent ocean" observation network. Furthermore, it can be modularly expanded to connect to more new sensors, continuously enhancing the breadth and depth of marine sensing capabilities.

[0184] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of this disclosure can be combined or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in this disclosure. This is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0185] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Thus, if these modifications and modifications of the invention fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the invention is also intended to include these modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A coupled real-time communication underwater buoy system, characterized in that, include: Communication buoy (1), sub-buoy (2), main buoy I (3), main buoy II (5), inductive transmission system (4), anchorage synchronous observation equipment (6), anchorage cable system (7) and land-based data receiving system (8); The lower end of the communication float (1) is connected to a coupling receiver I (1-7), the lower end of the sub-float (2) is connected to a coupling receiver II (2-1), the lower end of the main float I (3) is connected to a coupling receiver III (3-1), and the lower end of the main float II (5) is connected to a coupling receiver IV (5-1); the upper end of the communication float (1) is connected to a satellite communication device (1-8). The upper end of the sub-float (2) is connected to a coupling launch device I (2-2), the upper end of the main float I (3) is connected to a coupling launch device II (3-2), and the upper end of the main float II (5) is connected to a coupling launch device III (5-2). The inductive transmission system (4) is used to sequentially connect the communication float (1), the sub-float (2), the main float I (3), the main float II (5) and the mooring cable system (7), and to realize communication between the components; The moored synchronous observation device (6) is installed on the induction transmission system (4) for multi-element observation of the ocean; The mooring cable system (7) is used to anchor the entire system; The land-based data receiving system (8) is used to receive and process observation data transmitted through the satellite communication device (1-8).

2. The coupled real-time communication underwater buoy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structure of the communication buoy (1) is as follows: a vertical main frame (1-5) runs through the entire buoy and provides the main support, which includes: buoy central control communication cabin (1-1), buoyancy body (1-2), battery cabin (1-3), buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (1-4), electric rotating ring (1-6), coupling receiving device I (1-7) and satellite communication device (1-8). The satellite communication device (1-8) is fixedly installed on the top of the main frame (1-5) and is used to communicate with the land-based data receiving system (8) to send the collected observation data to the land-based data receiving system (8) via satellite. The buoy central control communication cabin (1-1) and the buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (1-4) are fixedly installed on the upper part of the main frame (1-5) from top to bottom; the buoy central control communication cabin (1-1) is used to collect, process and control the communication of all observation data; the buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (1-4) is used to collect and manage the observation data received through coupling. The battery compartment (1-3) is fixed in the middle of the main frame (1-5) and is used to provide power to the entire communication float (1); The buoyancy float (1-2) covers the outside of the main frame (1-5) and is used to provide buoyancy for the communication float (1) to ensure that it floats on the sea surface; An electric swivel ring (1-6) is installed at the lower part of the main frame (1-5) to allow the cables below to rotate with the ocean current and avoid tangling with the float body; The coupling receiving device I (1-7) is connected below the electric rotating ring (1-6) and is used to receive data and power transmitted from the lower inductive coupling cable I (4-1) in an inductive coupling manner.

3. The coupled real-time communication underwater buoy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sub-float (2) is an elliptical cylindrical structure, and its interior is integrated from top to bottom as follows: coupling transmitter I (2-2), sub-float central control communication cabin (2-3), sub-float battery cabin (2-5), sub-float magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (2-6), and coupling receiver II (2-1). The coupling transmitter I (2-2) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the sub-buoy (2) and is used to transmit the data collected by the central control communication cabin (2-3) of the sub-buoy to the communication float (1) in an inductive coupling manner. The sub-float central control communication cabin (2-3) is located in the upper layer inside the float body and is used to receive, process and temporarily store data from the main float body I (3) below and data from the sensors of this float body; The sub-float battery compartment (2-5) is installed below the sub-float central control and communication compartment (2-3) and is used to provide power to the equipment of the entire sub-float (2); The sub-float magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (2-6) is installed below the sub-float battery cabin (2-5) and is used to collect and manage the observation data uploaded through the coupling receiving device II (2-1); The coupling receiving device II (2-1) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the sub-buoy (2), and its function is to receive data and power transmitted from the lower inductive coupling cable II (4-2) in an inductive coupling manner; The sub-float (2) is externally covered by the sub-float buoyancy float (2-4) to provide buoyancy to the sub-float (2).

4. The coupled real-time communication underwater buoy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main buoy I (3) includes: Main buoy I main frame (3-7) serves as the core support structure; The coupling receiving device III (3-1) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the main frame (3-7) of the main float I, and is used to receive data and power transmitted from the lower inductive coupling cable III (4-3) in an inductive coupling manner; The coupling transmission device II (3-2) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the main frame (3-7) of the main float I, and is used to transmit the collected observation data upward to the sub-float (2) in an inductive coupling manner. The central control and communication cabin (3-3) of the main float I is fixedly installed on the upper part of the main frame (3-7) of the main float I. It is used to receive, process and temporarily store data from the main float II (5) below, observation data on the inductive coupling cable III (4-3), observation data of the ADCP (6-1) of this float and observation data of the biochemical sensor (6-5). The main float I battery compartment (3-5) is installed in the middle of the main float I main frame (3-7) and is used to provide power to the equipment of the entire main float I (3); the main float I magnetic induction data acquisition and control compartment (3-6) is installed in the lower part of the main float I main frame (3-7) and is used to collect and manage the observation data received through the coupling receiving device III (3-1); The buoyancy float (3-4) of the main float I covers the outside of the main frame (3-7) of the main float I and the above-mentioned functional compartments, and is used to provide buoyancy for the main float I (3); The main float I electric rotating ring (3-8) is installed above the coupling receiving device III (3-1). Its function is to allow the cable system below to rotate with the ocean current and avoid entanglement with the main float body.

5. The coupled real-time communication underwater buoy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main float II (5) includes: a coupling receiving device IV (5-1), a coupling transmitting device III (5-2), a central control and communication cabin of the main float II (5-3), a buoyancy float of the main float II (5-4), a battery cabin of the main float II (5-5), a magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin of the main float II (5-6), a main frame of the main float II (5-7), and an electric rotating ring of the float II (5-8). Main buoy II main frame (5-7) is used as the main support structure; The coupling receiving device IV (5-1) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the main frame (5-7) of the main float II, and is used to receive data and power transmitted from the lower inductive coupling cable IV (4-4) in an inductive coupling manner; The coupling transmitter III (5-2) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the main frame (5-7) of the main float II, and is used to transmit the collected observation data upward to the main float I (3) in an inductive coupling manner. The central control and communication cabin (5-3) of the main float II is fixedly installed on the upper part of the main frame (5-7) of the main float II, and is used to receive, process and temporarily store observation data from the inductive coupling cable IV (4-4) and the observation data of the ADCP (6-1) of this float. The battery compartment (5-5) of the main float II is installed in the middle of the main frame (5-7) of the main float II and is used to provide power to the equipment of the entire main float II (5); The magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (5-6) of the main float II is installed at the lower part of the main frame (5-7) of the main float II and is used to collect and manage the observation data received through the coupling receiving device IV (5-1). The buoyancy float (5-4) of the main float II covers the exterior of the main frame (5-7) of the main float II and the aforementioned functional compartments, and is used to provide buoyancy for the main float II (5); The main float II electric rotating ring (5-8) is installed above the coupling receiving device IV (5-1). Its function is to allow the cable system below to rotate with the ocean current and avoid entanglement with the main float body.

6. The coupled real-time communication underwater buoy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inductive transmission system (4) includes: inductive coupling cable I (4-1), inductive coupling cable II (4-2), inductive coupling cable III (4-3) and inductive coupling cable IV (4-4). The inductive coupling cable I (4-1) is connected between the communication float (1) and the sub-float (2), the inductive coupling cable II (4-2) is connected between the sub-float (2) and the main float I (3), the inductive coupling cable III (4-3) is connected between the main float I (3) and the main float II (5), and the inductive coupling cable IV (4-4) is connected between the main float II (5) and the mooring cable system (7). The inductive transmission system (4) uses a multi-layer structure for each inductive coupling cable, including: fine steel wire rope (4-5), plastic coating layer (4-6), tensile layer (4-7), and wear-resistant layer (4-8). Fine steel wire rope (4-5) serves as the cable core, providing tensile strength support; The plastic coating layer (4-6) covers the outside of the fine steel wire rope (4-5) and is used for insulation and protection of the cable core; The tensile layer (4-7) is wrapped around the plastic coating layer (4-6). The tensile layer (4-7) is made of high-strength fiber material to enhance the tensile strength of the cable. The wear-resistant layer (4-8), as the outermost layer, is made of wear-resistant polymer material and is used to protect the cable body from abrasion in the marine environment.

7. The coupled real-time communication underwater buoy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchorage synchronous observation device (6) includes: Four sets of acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCP) (6-1), two of which are embedded inside the main float I (3) and main float II (5) respectively, for conducting current profile observations at different depths; Multiple CTD (6-2) temperature, salinity and depth meters are fixedly installed at predetermined intervals on the inductive coupling cable III (4-3) and inductive coupling cable IV (4-4) for synchronous measurement of temperature, salinity and depth parameters at different water depths; Multiple temperature sensors (6-3) are fixedly installed at predetermined intervals on the inductive coupling cable III (4-3) and inductive coupling cable IV (4-4) for high-density temperature profile measurement; The number of temperature sensors (6-3) is equal to the number of CTD (6-2) of the temperature, salinity, and depth instrument; and the number of temperature sensors (6-3) on inductive coupling cable III (4-3) and inductive coupling cable IV (4-4) is equal to the number of CTD (6-2) of the temperature, salinity, and depth instrument. Two single-point acoustic current meters (6-4) are fixedly installed on the inductive coupling cable IV (4-4) for measuring the current velocity and direction at specific points; Two sets of biogeochemical sensors (6-5) are integrated on the sub-float (2) and the main float I (3) respectively, for real-time measurement of nitrate, chlorophyll, turbidity, pH value and dissolved oxygen parameters.

8. The coupled real-time communication underwater buoy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mooring cable system (7) includes: Kevlar cable (7-1), with its upper end connected to the inductive coupling cable IV (4-4), is made of high-strength Kevlar fiber material and is used to provide the main tensile support; The glass buoy assembly (7-2), connected in series with the Kevlar cable (7-1), is used to provide buoyancy to the lower anchorage, so that the anchorage remains vertical in the water; A parallel acoustic release device (7-3) is connected below the glass float assembly (7-2) to release the anchor system after receiving an acoustic command, thereby enabling system recovery. A buffer cable (7-4), connected below the parallel acoustic release device (7-3), is made of elastic material and is used to buffer the impact of ocean waves on the system; An anchoring weight (7-5), connected to the bottom end of the buffer cable (7-4), is used to anchor the entire system at a predetermined position on the seabed.

9. A coupled real-time communication underwater buoy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The land-based data receiving system (8) includes: The receiving antenna (8-2) is used to receive observation data signals transmitted by the communication float (1) via satellite; The data receiver (8-1), connected to the receiving antenna (8-2) via a cable, is used to decode and process the received signals; The receiving server (8-3) is connected to the data receiver (8-1) via a network and is used to store and manage the decoded observation data; The receiving software (8-4) is installed on the receiving server (8-3) and is used to realize real-time data query, historical data query, data curve plotting and data export functions.

10. A coupled real-time communication underwater buoy system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system is configured to achieve data relay transmission via inductive coupling, specifically: a) The deepest observation data is collected by the CTD (6-2), temperature sensor (6-3) and single-point acoustic current meter (6-4) on the inductive coupling cable IV (4-4), and transmitted to the coupling receiving device IV (5-1) at the lower end of the main float II (5) via inductive coupling. b) The coupling receiving device IV (5-1) sends the received data to the magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (5-6) of the main float II for acquisition and temporary storage. At the same time, the profile ocean current data acquired by the two ADCPs (6-1) embedded in the main float II (5) are also transmitted to the data acquisition and control cabin. c) The magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (5-6) of the main float II collects all the data and uploads it to the central control and communication cabin (5-3) of the main float II for integration and processing. The processed data packet is transmitted in an inductive coupling manner through the coupling transmitter III (5-2) fixed at the upper end of the main float II and transmitted upward through the inductive coupling cable III (4-3). d) Data from the observation equipment on the inductive coupling cable III (4-3) and data packets from the main float II (5) are received by the coupling receiving device III (3-1) at the lower end of the main float I (3) and sent to the magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (3-6) of the main float I. e) The observation data of the two ADCPs (6-1) embedded in the main float I (3) and the observation data of the biochemical sensor (6-5) integrated on it are also sent to the magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (3-6) of the main float I. After all the data is collected and temporarily stored in the cabin, it is uploaded to the central control and communication cabin (3-3) of the main float I for integration and processing. f) The central control and communication cabin (3-3) of the main float I transmits the processed integrated data packet through the coupling transmitter II (3-2) fixed at the upper end of the main float I in an inductive coupling manner, and transmits it upward through the inductive coupling cable II (4-2); g) Data on the inductive coupling cable II (4-2) and data packets from the main float I (3) are received by the coupling receiving device II (2-1) at the lower end of the sub-float (2) and sent to the sub-float magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (2-6). h) The observation data of the biochemical sensor (6-5) integrated on the sub-float (2) are also sent to the magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (2-6) of the sub-float. After all the data is collected and temporarily stored in the cabin, it is uploaded to the central control and communication cabin (2-3) of the sub-float for integration and processing. i) The central control and communication cabin (2-3) of the sub-float transmits the processed integrated data packet through the coupling transmitter I (2-2) fixed at the upper end of the sub-float in an inductive coupling manner, and transmits it upward through the inductive coupling cable I (4-1); j) The data on the inductive coupling cable I (4-1) and the data packets from the sub-buoy (2) are finally received by the coupling receiving device I (1-7) at the lower end of the sea surface communication buoy (1) and sent to the buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (1-4). k) The buoy magnetic induction data acquisition and control cabin (1-4) ultimately integrates all data into the buoy central control and communication cabin (1-1), which controls the satellite communication device (1-8) to send the complete observation data to the land-based data receiving system (8) via satellite, thereby realizing the real-time transmission of observation data from the deepest underwater observation end to the shore base.

Images