Planting method of traditional Chinese medicinal materials

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal material cultivation, and discloses a planting method of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. The method comprises the following steps: a land preparation stage: performing three-dimensional treatment on a selected land, including surface biomass cleaning, subsurface soil replacement and deep soil gas explosion; in the seed energizing stage, multiple rounds of sequential physical and biological treatment are carried out on the seeds; in the field planting and micro-domain construction stage, a special field planting device is adopted to complete seedling transplanting, and a root zone micro-ecological system is constructed synchronously; in a dynamic intervention stage in the growth cycle, according to a preset plant physiological signal model, asymmetrically regulating and controlling a canopy light environment and rhizosphere water, fertilizer, gas and heat composite conditions; and a postpartum system resetting stage, wherein systematic recovery operation including soil pulse disinfection and ecological niche resetting is carried out after harvesting. A whole-course closed-loop management system from land to products is formed, the growth environment of traditional Chinese medicinal materials can be systematically improved, plant health and quality formation are promoted, and ecological sustainability of a planting system is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Chinese medicinal herb cultivation technology, specifically a method for cultivating Chinese medicinal herbs. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial material foundation for both traditional medicine and the modern pharmaceutical industry, the quality of Chinese medicinal herbs directly impacts clinical efficacy and medication safety. Currently, the cultivation and production of Chinese medicinal herbs primarily follow traditional agricultural models, gradually transitioning towards Good Agricultural Practices (GAP). However, achieving stable yields, quality, and ecological sustainability still faces a series of systemic challenges.

[0003] Traditional and most existing large-scale planting models typically focus on optimizing a single or a few production stages, such as fertilizer application, pest and disease control, or irrigation management. This fragmented management approach struggles to address the complex biological-environmental interaction process involved in the growth of medicinal herbs. Firstly, in the land preparation stage, conventional farming methods are often limited to surface tillage and fertilization, neglecting the essential nature of soil as a three-dimensional, layered, and living ecosystem. Long-term monoculture can easily lead to soil compaction, deterioration of physical and chemical properties, imbalance of microbial communities, accumulation of soil-borne diseases, and problems with continuous cropping, severely restricting sustainable land use and the quality of medicinal herbs. Secondly, in the seedling stage, most treatments focus on seed disinfection and germination promotion, with insufficient attention paid to the systematic stimulation of seed potential and the long-term effects on subsequent plant stress resistance and metabolic product accumulation. Furthermore, in the transplanting and growth management stages, existing technologies often employ uniform water, fertilizer, and light management strategies, failing to fully consider the differences in physiological needs of medicinal herbs at different growth stages, as well as the specific influence of the root zone microenvironment and canopy microclimate on the synthesis of secondary metabolites. This "one-size-fits-all" management approach can lead to resource waste and makes it difficult to accurately control the formation and accumulation of medicinal materials. Finally, the post-harvest stage usually only involves simple straw clearing or crop rotation, lacking proactive measures to restore and reset the topsoil ecosystem. This results in insufficient land rest, persistent risks of pest and disease residues, and affects the stability of the next production cycle.

[0004] While existing technologies include some patents and research on soil improvement, water-saving irrigation, and spectral supplementation, most exist in isolation, failing to form a closed-loop, tightly coordinated technical system encompassing the entire process from land preparation and seedling establishment to process control and post-harvest recovery. Simply adding up technologies at each stage cannot produce a synergistic effect ("1+1>2"), and may even negate some of the benefits due to conflicting management objectives. Therefore, the industry urgently needs a comprehensive planting method that can break down barriers between stages and provide sequential, refined, and controllable intervention throughout the entire growth cycle of medicinal herbs from the perspective of the overall ecosystem. This method needs to integrate modern agronomy, environmental control, biotechnology, and information technology, treating land, seedlings, environment, and management as an organic whole. Through the coupled application of innovative technologies at each stage, it can systematically solve a chain of problems such as maintaining soil health, stimulating seed vigor, precisely adapting the growth environment, and rapidly restoring the post-harvest ecosystem, thereby fundamentally improving the production efficiency, quality control, and ecological sustainability of medicinal herb agriculture. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for cultivating Chinese medicinal herbs to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for cultivating Chinese medicinal herbs, the method comprising:

[0007] In the land preparation stage, the selected land is subjected to three-dimensional treatment, including surface biomass cleanup, subsurface soil replacement and deep soil gas explosion operation.

[0008] In the seed empowerment stage, the seeds of Chinese medicinal herbs undergo multiple rounds of sequential physical and biological treatments.

[0009] During the planting and micro-domain construction stage, a special planting device is used to complete the seedling transplantation and simultaneously construct the root zone micro-ecosystem.

[0010] During the dynamic intervention phase of the growth cycle, based on a pre-set plant physiological signal model, asymmetric regulation is carried out on the canopy light environment and the combined conditions of water, fertilizer, air and heat in the rhizosphere.

[0011] The postpartum system reset phase involves implementing systematic restoration operations, including soil pulse disinfection and niche reset, after the medicinal materials are harvested.

[0012] Preferably, the three-dimensional processing in the land preparation stage specifically includes:

[0013] All plant debris and large objects on the ground were removed by a combination of mechanical and manual methods, and then collected for anaerobic fermentation pretreatment.

[0014] Using trenching equipment, dig strip trenches 40 to 60 centimeters deep and 30 centimeters wide at the designated planting row locations. Remove the original soil from the trenches and backfill with a special substrate prepared in a specific ratio of peat, vermiculite, wood chips pre-fermented by specific fungi, and mineral trace element packets.

[0015] A network of microporous pipes capable of periodically releasing high-pressure air is buried 80 cm below the backfill area, and a high-pressure air burst lasting 5 minutes is performed at least once before planting to create permanent uncompacted aeration fissures in the deep soil.

[0016] Preferably, the specific steps of the multi-round sequential processing in the seed empowerment stage are as follows:

[0017] The first round of treatment used an ultraviolet light source with a wavelength range of 260 nm to 280 nm to intermittently irradiate the selected seeds. The irradiation cycle was 30 seconds of irradiation followed by 90 seconds of intermittent irradiation, with a total irradiation time of 10 minutes.

[0018] The second round of treatment involved immersing the irradiated seeds in a composite solution containing endophytic fungal spore suspension and plant information molecules oligosaccharides, and treating them for 6 hours under constant temperature of 25 degrees Celsius and shaking conditions of 120 revolutions per minute.

[0019] In the third round of treatment, the seeds were transferred to a dark room filled with sound waves of a specific frequency and subjected to sound wave stimulation for 8 hours a day for 3 consecutive days. After treatment, the seeds were placed in a dark environment with controlled temperature and humidity to germinate until the radicle length reached twice the seed diameter.

[0020] Preferably, the specific operations of the colonization and micro-domain construction stage are as follows:

[0021] The planting cup is made of biodegradable polymer material. The side wall of the cup has a pre-designed degradation gradient. The cup contains germinating seeds after the seed empowerment stage treatment and a small amount of growth-promoting bacteria colloid.

[0022] Place planting cups in the strip trenches where soil replacement has been completed, according to the preset density, and cover the cups with soil up to the rim.

[0023] Inoculation slurry containing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores and earthworm castings extract was injected around each planting cup using a drip irrigation system, with a slurry volume of 200 ml per planting point.

[0024] Black and white photodegradable mulch film with different light transmittance sections is laid on the surface of the planting rows.

[0025] Preferably, during the dynamic intervention phase of the growth cycle, the asymmetric regulation of the canopy light environment is achieved through a flexible light control unit that can be automatically opened and closed. The flexible light control unit automatically adjusts the light transmittance and spectral composition based on real-time monitoring of the leaf angle and leaf surface temperature data at the top of the plant, converting direct light into light rich in 660 nm red-orange light, which is mainly in the form of scattering, between 10:00 and 14:00 every day. The asymmetric regulation of the combined conditions of water, fertilizer, air and heat in the rhizosphere is accomplished through a sensor network buried at different depths and a multi-point injection system. According to the root system's main distribution depth at different growth stages of the plant, nutrient solutions with different temperatures, dissolved oxygen concentrations and nutrient compositions are supplied, and carbon dioxide-rich gas is introduced into the root zone at low pressure at night.

[0026] Preferably, the dynamic intervention phase during the growth cycle also includes a pest and disease early warning and intervention subsystem based on plant volatile signals. The pest and disease early warning and intervention subsystem collects air samples around the plants regularly through adsorption tubes placed in the field, and quickly analyzes the types and concentrations of specific warning volatiles using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. When the concentration exceeds a threshold, the system automatically activates a targeted odor diffusion device to release an odor mixture that simulates plant insect resistance signals and guides a drone to spray a suspension based on insect pathogenic nematodes on key areas.

[0027] Preferably, during the growth cycle, root bioconductivity mapping is carried out periodically. A multi-electrode array is inserted into the soil around the root zone to measure and draw a two-dimensional image of the low-frequency current conduction characteristics of the root zone. The distribution of root vitality and the risk of potential disease occurrence are assessed by analyzing the spatial heterogeneity changes in the image, and the rhizosphere intervention strategy is dynamically adjusted based on the assessment results.

[0028] Preferably, the soil pulse disinfection during the postpartum system reset phase employs a combined physical method, specifically:

[0029] The soil surface was heated to 55 degrees Celsius using a solar polymer device and maintained for 48 hours. Then, superheated steam at 70 degrees Celsius was introduced into the soil for 30 minutes. Finally, a high-intensity pulsed electric field was applied to the soil.

[0030] Niche relocation includes: immediately after disinfection, inoculating with a synthetic community agent composed of various functional microorganisms, and sowing a variety of green manure plant seeds, including deep-rooted and shallow-rooted, nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-solubilizing types, to form a temporary plant cover.

[0031] Preferably, throughout the entire planting cycle, a distributed wireless sensor network is integrated and deployed to continuously monitor soil moisture, matrix potential, root zone oxygen concentration, plant stem flow rate, canopy temperature and humidity, and specific spectral reflectance index within a height range of 50 cm underground to 2 meters above ground. All data are aggregated to the central processor, which performs real-time simulation and optimization through a built-in crop growth digital twin model and automatically generates control command sequences for each execution subsystem.

[0032] Preferably, the method constitutes a closed-loop intelligent planting system, the output of which includes not only Chinese medicinal materials products, but also generates an immutable digital archive of the entire growth cycle of the batch of medicinal materials. The archive contains all environmental parameters, operation records and sensing data from seed treatment to each intervention operation. The archive is bound to the final product through blockchain technology to realize quality traceability and intellectual property encapsulation of the planting process.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] The planting method described in this invention achieves closed-loop management from land preparation to post-harvest recovery by constructing a systematic technical solution covering the entire production cycle of Chinese medicinal herbs. This method abandons the fragmented and extensive management model of traditional planting, and comprehensively regulates the land, plants, and environment as an interactive and dynamically evolving whole ecosystem.

[0035] The three-dimensional treatment conducted during the land preparation stage breaks through the limitations of traditional tillage, which only affects the soil surface. Surface biomass clearing creates a clean interface for subsequent operations, subsurface soil replacement directly improves the physical structure of the main root zone of plants and introduces healthy soil matrix, while deep soil aeration effectively breaks up the plow pan, improves the permeability and gas exchange of deep soil, promotes deep root development, and alleviates soil compaction. This stratified treatment strategy creates a good growth space for the roots of medicinal herbs from the surface to the depths, enhances the soil's water retention, fertilizer retention, drainage, and aeration capacity, optimizes the underground environment for plant growth from the source, and helps to build a more vibrant and buffered soil ecosystem.

[0036] The multi-round sequential physical and biological treatments implemented during the seed empowerment stage are not simply germination-promoting processes, but rather an orderly stimulation of the seed's life potential. Through the sequential action of different physical factors and biological agents, some of the beneficial stimuli that seeds might experience under suitable natural conditions are simulated or enhanced, gradually activating the seed's metabolic activity and defense system, enabling seedlings to possess stronger vitality and potential resistance from the early stages of germination. This treatment lays the intrinsic foundation for robust growth throughout the plant's entire life cycle and its ability to cope with environmental fluctuations, and may have a positive impact on the plant's later physiological metabolic pathways.

[0037] The devices and methods used in the transplanting and micro-domain construction stages enabled the simultaneous completion of seedling transplantation and the construction of the root zone micro-ecosystem. The specially designed transplanting device not only ensured low damage and high survival rates during the transplanting process, but its structural design also created an initial micro-domain with relatively optimized distribution of water, fertilizer, air, heat, and microbial communities around the root zone. This artificially constructed micro-ecosystem provided a stable and suitable starting point for seedling root growth, promoted rapid root establishment and early development, shortened the seedling establishment period, and enhanced the seedlings' adaptability to the field environment.

[0038] The dynamic intervention phase during the growth cycle, based on a pre-set plant physiological signal model, employs asymmetric regulation, embodying the concept of precision agriculture. This method recognizes the varying needs of medicinal herbs for light, water, fertilizer, air, and heat at different growth stages and even in different parts of the plant. By monitoring or predicting key physiological signals through models, differentiated and non-uniform regulation is applied to the canopy light environment (such as spectrum, light intensity, and light duration distribution) and rhizosphere composite conditions (the coupling state of water, fertilizer, air, and heat) to better align with the plant's actual physiological needs and product accumulation requirements at that time. This dynamic and precise management model enables more efficient resource utilization, avoids ineffective supply, and creates more favorable comprehensive environmental conditions for the synthesis of target secondary metabolites, thereby proactively guiding the growth and quality of medicinal herbs.

[0039] The post-harvest system reset phase is an active restoration of the land ecosystem after the production cycle ends. Soil pulse disinfection can quickly and intensively remove or inhibit pathogens, insect eggs, and weed seeds accumulated in the previous cycle, while niche reset alters the soil microecological structure through physical, biological, or agronomic measures, breaking the dominant ecological niches of harmful organisms and promoting the recovery and reconstruction of beneficial microbial communities. This phase effectively blocks the continuous accumulation of soil-borne pests and diseases, accelerates the transformation of the soil from a "depleted" state to a "rest and recovery" state, prepares a healthy, low-risk soil environment for the next planting season, and ensures the sustainable operation of the production system. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a method for cultivating Chinese medicinal herbs according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and comparative examples. The embodiments listed are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In this embodiment, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. is selected as the cultivated Chinese medicinal herb variety. This variety is a commonly used bulk Chinese medicinal herb, and its yield and the content of effective components (tanshinone IIA, salvianolic acid B) are the core evaluation indicators. The raw materials and reagents used all meet the standards for agricultural production or laboratory analysis, and the concentration of the endophytic fungal spore suspension is 1×10⁻⁶. 6 CFU / mL, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spore concentration of 5×10³ spores / mL, and plant information molecule oligosaccharide purity ≥98%; the detection methods are as follows: the contents of tanshinone IIA and salvianolic acid B were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a C18 column (250mm×4.6mm, 5μm), with mobile phases of methanol-water (75:25, V / V) and acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution (22:78, V / V), respectively, with a flow rate of 1.0mL / min, detection wavelengths of 270nm and 286nm, and column temperature of 30℃; yield is the dry weight of fresh product after harvest and drying to constant weight; the incidence rate of diseases and pests is the percentage of diseased plants counted at harvest time out of the total number of plants; root activity was determined by the TTC method, expressed as the amount of TTC reduced per gram of root per hour (mg / (g·h)).

[0042] Example 1: A method for cultivating Chinese medicinal herbs, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0043] 1. Land preparation stage

[0044] 1.1 Surface biomass cleanup: Using a combination of tracked cleaning machines and manual collection, all plant debris, stones, and large objects in the selected planting area are removed. The collected plant debris is transferred to a sealed anaerobic fermentation tank, where a composting agent (mainly composed of Bacillus subtilis and yeast compound) at 5% of the debris mass is added. The fermentation temperature is controlled at 35℃ and the moisture content at 60%, and anaerobic fermentation pretreatment is carried out for 7 days. The fermentation products are retained for subsequent niche relocation.

[0045] 1.2 Subsurface Soil Replacement: Using a chain trencher, strip trenches are excavated at the predetermined planting row locations. The trenches are 50cm deep, 30cm wide, and spaced 80cm apart. All the original soil in the trenches is removed and piled in the non-planting area. A special substrate is then backfilled. This substrate is composed of peat, vermiculite, wood chips pre-fermented for 20 days by a specific fungus (humic mold), and a mineral trace element packet in a mass ratio of 4:2:3:1. The mineral trace element packet contains the following components (mass fraction): iron 15%, zinc 8%, manganese 5%, copper 2%, boron 3%, with the remainder being zeolite powder. During backfilling, layers are compacted, each layer being 10cm thick, with a compaction density controlled at 1.2g / cm³.

[0046] 1.3 Deep Soil Gas Bursting: A network of microporous pipes made of PE material is buried 80cm below the backfill area. The pipes are 20mm in diameter, with micropores of 0.5mm in diameter and spaced 50cm apart, with the micropores facing deep into the soil. Before planting, a high-pressure air pump is activated to perform a 5-minute high-pressure gas blast at a pressure of 0.8MPa and a gas flow rate of 15m³ / h to create permanent, non-compacted aeration fissures in the deep soil. After the gas blast, the porosity of the deep soil is tested to ensure it is ≥40%.

[0047] 2. Seed Empowerment Stage

[0048] 2.1 Seed selection: Select plump, undamaged Salvia miltiorrhiza seeds with a thousand-seed weight ≥1.2g, screen them with a 30-mesh sieve, rinse them three times with clean water, and drain the surface moisture.

[0049] 2.2 First round of ultraviolet irradiation treatment: Selected seeds were intermittently irradiated with an ultraviolet light source (wavelength range 260-280nm, power 30W), with an irradiation distance of 30cm, an irradiation cycle of 30 seconds of irradiation followed by a 90-second interval, and a total irradiation time of 10 minutes. The seeds were continuously stirred during the irradiation process to ensure uniform irradiation.

[0050] 2.3 Second round of composite solution soaking treatment: The irradiated seeds were immersed in a composite solution, which was composed of a suspension of endophytic fungi (Salvia miltiorrhiza endophytic actinomycetes) spores and plant information molecules (chitosan oligosaccharides, molecular weight 500-1000 Da) at a volume ratio of 9:1. The solid-liquid ratio of seeds to composite solution was 1:5 (g:mL). The seed-composite solution system was placed in a constant temperature shaking incubator and shaken at 25℃ and 120r / min for 6 hours. During the shaking process, the mixture was stirred once every 1 hour for 30 seconds each time.

[0051] 2.4 Third round of acoustic stimulation treatment: After soaking, the seeds were taken out, the surface water was drained, and they were transferred to a dark room filled with sound waves of a specific frequency (500Hz). The seeds were irradiated for 8 hours a day (9:00-17:00) for 3 consecutive days, and the sound wave intensity was 80dB.

[0052] 2.5 Germination culture: After sonic treatment, the seeds were placed in a temperature and humidity controlled incubator and germinated in a dark environment with a temperature of 22℃ and a relative humidity of 85%. The growth of the radicle was observed daily. When the length of the radicle reached twice the diameter of the seed (about 0.8-1.0cm), the seeds were taken out for use.

[0053] 3. Colonization and Micro-domain Construction Stage

[0054] 3.1 Preparation of Planting Cups: Planting cups made of polylactic acid biodegradable polymer material are used. The cups are 10cm high, 8cm in diameter at the mouth, and 5cm in diameter at the bottom. A degradation gradient is designed on the side wall of the cup (30 days for the upper part, 60 days for the middle part, and 90 days for the lower part). The bottom of the cup has three 2cm diameter drainage holes. Germinating seeds and a small amount of growth-promoting bacteria colloid (Bacillus mucilaginosus, concentration 1×10⁻⁶) are added to the cups. 5 (CFU / g), one germinating seed is added to each cup, and the amount of growth-promoting bacteria colloid is 2g / cup.

[0055] 3.2 Planting procedure: Place the planting cups in the strip trenches where the soil has been replaced, at a preset density of 30cm between plants. Cover the cups with soil up to the rim, with a soil thickness of 2cm. After covering with soil, gently compact it to ensure the stability of the planting cups.

[0056] 3.3 Microecological Inoculation: Inoculation slurry was injected around each planting cup via a drip irrigation system. The slurry was a mixture of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores and earthworm castings extract at a volume ratio of 1:4. The earthworm castings extract was obtained by soaking earthworm castings and water at a mass ratio of 1:10 for 24 hours and then filtering. The slurry volume was 200 mL per planting point, and the drip irrigation rate was controlled at 10 mL / min to ensure that the slurry was evenly penetrated into the soil around the planting cup.

[0057] 3.4 Mulch Installation: Lay a black and white photodegradable mulch film 60cm wide on the planting row surface. The black section (10% light transmittance) is closer to the plant, and the white section (60% light transmittance) is on the outer side. The mulch film is 0.015mm thick and has a degradation period of 120 days. After laying the mulch film, compact the edges with soil, and add a mound of soil every 50cm to prevent the mulch film from being blown away by the wind.

[0058] 4. Dynamic intervention stage during the growth cycle

[0059] 4.1 Canopy Light Environment Control: Install a flexible light control unit (model: GL-2000, transmittance adjustment range 20%-80%) that can automatically open and close above the planting area. This unit is connected to a leaf angle sensor (accuracy 0.1°) and a leaf surface temperature sensor (accuracy 0.1℃) at the top of the plant. Real-time monitoring of leaf angle and leaf surface temperature data is performed. When the leaf surface temperature is ≥30℃ and the leaf angle is ≥60°, the transmittance of the flexible light control unit is automatically adjusted to 40%, and the spectral composition is adjusted to be rich in 660nm red-orange light (accounting for ≥60%). This control state is maintained between 10:00 and 14:00 every day, converting direct light into light dominated by diffused light.

[0060] 4.2 Integrated regulation of rhizosphere water, fertilizer, air, and heat: A computer vision sensor network was installed at different depths (20cm, 40cm, and 60cm) in the planting rows to monitor soil temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, and nutrient content. Nutrient solutions were supplied differently based on the root distribution depth at different growth stages of *Salvia miltiorrhiza*: Seedling stage (1-30 days): roots were distributed at a depth of 20cm, supplied with a nutrient solution at 20℃ and a dissolved oxygen concentration of 8mg / L (N:P:K=3:1:2, concentration 0.5g / L); Growth stage (31-90 days): roots were distributed at a depth of 40cm, supplied with a nutrient solution at 22℃ and a dissolved oxygen concentration of 10mg / L (N:P:K=2:2:3, concentration 1.0g / L); Enlargement stage (91-150 days): roots were distributed at a depth of 60cm, supplied with a nutrient solution at 25℃ and a dissolved oxygen concentration of 12mg / L (N:P:K=1:3:4, concentration 1.5g / L). From 10 PM to 2 AM the next day, a gas rich in carbon dioxide (15% carbon dioxide concentration) is introduced into the root zone at a low pressure through a deep microporous pipeline. The gas pressure is 0.2 MPa and the flow rate is 5 m³ / h.

[0061] 4.3 Pest and Disease Early Warning and Intervention: Ten adsorption tubes were evenly distributed in the field (one per 100m²). Air samples were collected around the plants regularly (at 9:00 AM daily). The samples were rapidly analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS QP2020) instrument to determine the types and concentrations of specific warning volatiles (methyl jasmonate and methyl salicylate). When the concentration of volatiles exceeded the threshold (methyl jasmonate ≥ 0.5 μg / m³, methyl salicylate ≥ 0.3 μg / m³), the system automatically activated the targeted odor diffusion device, releasing an odor mixture simulating plant insect resistance signals (mainly composed of geraniol and nerol, volume ratio 1:1, concentration 10 mg / mL) at a diffusion rate of 2 mL / min. Simultaneously, a drone (MG-1P) was guided to spray a suspension based on the entomopathogenic nematode (Skirmella squarrosa) on key areas, with a suspension concentration of 5 × 10⁻⁶. 4 The spraying rate is 100 mL / m².

[0062] 4.4 Root Bioconductivity Mapping: Root bioconductivity mapping was conducted every 30 days during the *Salvia miltiorrhiza* growth cycle. A multi-electrode array (16 electrodes, 5cm spacing) was inserted into the soil surrounding the root zone to measure low-frequency current conduction characteristics at 1kHz, generating a two-dimensional image of the root region. Spatial heterogeneity changes in the image were analyzed to assess root vigor distribution and potential disease risk: areas with abrupt changes in conductivity (coefficient of variation ≥30%) were identified as potential disease risk areas. The rhizosphere nutrient solution supply to these areas was immediately adjusted (increased by 20%), and a microbial inoculant (Bacillus subtilis, concentration 1×10⁻⁶) was sprayed. 6 (CFU / mL).

[0063] 5. Postpartum system reset phase

[0064] 5.1 Soil pulse disinfection: After harvesting Salvia miltiorrhiza (150 days after planting), a combined physical disinfection method was implemented: ① The soil surface was heated using a solar energy polymer device (concentration multiple of 10) to raise the temperature of the top 20cm of soil to 55℃ and maintain it for 48 hours; ② Subsequently, superheated steam at 70℃ was introduced into the soil through deep pipes for 30 minutes, with a steam pressure of 0.5MPa and a flow rate of 20m³ / h; ③ Finally, a high-voltage pulse electric field was used for treatment, with an electric field strength of 20kV / cm, a pulse frequency of 50Hz, and a treatment time of 10 minutes.

[0065] 5.2 Niche Reset: Within 24 hours after disinfection, inoculate the soil with a synthetic community-building agent (composed of Bacillus subtilis, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in a ratio of 2:1:1, with a total concentration of 1×10⁻⁶). 8 The inoculation rate is 50 kg / mu (CFU / g). At the same time, green manure plant seeds are mixed in, including deep-rooted alfalfa and shallow-rooted pea shoots, nitrogen-fixing milkvetch and phosphorus-solubilizing vetch. The seed mixing ratio is 2:2:3:3, and the sowing rate is 15 kg / mu, forming a temporary plant cover layer.

[0066] 6. Data Monitoring and Traceability Archive Generation: Throughout the entire planting cycle, a distributed wireless sensor network is integrated and deployed to continuously monitor soil moisture, matrix potential, root zone oxygen concentration, plant stem flow rate, canopy temperature and humidity, and a specific spectral reflectance index (NDVI) within a height range of 50cm underground to 2 meters above ground, with a monitoring frequency of once every 10 minutes. All data is aggregated to the central processor via a 5G module, where it is simulated and optimized in real time using a built-in digital twin model of Salvia miltiorrhiza growth, and automatically generates control command sequences for each execution subsystem. Simultaneously, an immutable digital archive for the entire growth cycle of this batch of Salvia miltiorrhiza is generated. The archive includes seed treatment parameters, land preparation records, environmental parameters and execution details for each intervention operation, and test data. This archive is linked to the final product using blockchain technology, achieving quality traceability and intellectual property encapsulation of the planting process.

[0067] Example 2: A method for cultivating Chinese medicinal herbs

[0068] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0069] 1. The special substrate mix ratio for the land preparation stage is peat:vermiculite:wood chips pre-fermented by humic mold for 15 days:mineral trace element package = 3:3:3:1. The mineral trace element package contains 12% iron, 10% zinc, 6% manganese, 3% copper, 2% boron, and the balance is zeolite powder.

[0070] 2. The frequency of the third round of acoustic excitation treatment in the seed empowerment stage is 800Hz, and the acoustic intensity is 90dB;

[0071] 3. During the dynamic intervention phase of the growth cycle, the canopy light environment is regulated to convert direct sunlight into predominantly diffused light between 9:00 AM and 3:00 PM daily, and the transmittance of the flexible light control unit is adjusted to 50%.

[0072] The remaining steps are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0073] Example 3: A method for cultivating Chinese medicinal herbs

[0074] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0075] 1. Deep soil gas blasting operations during the land preparation stage shall be carried out twice, each lasting 5 minutes, with an interval of 24 hours, and the gas blasting pressure shall be 1.0 MPa;

[0076] 2. The total duration of the first round of ultraviolet irradiation in the seed energizing stage was 15 minutes, and the temperature of the second round of composite solution soaking treatment was 28℃, with a shaking speed of 150 r / min;

[0077] 3. The planting density during the planting and micro-domain construction stage is 25cm between plants, and the amount of inoculation slurry used is 250mL per planting point;

[0078] 4. During the postpartum system reset phase, the solar polymer heating is maintained for 60 hours, and the superheated steam is introduced for 40 minutes.

[0079] The remaining steps are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0080] Example 4: A method for cultivating Chinese medicinal herbs

[0081] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:

[0082] 1. The compound solution for the seed empowerment stage is made by mixing endophytic fungal spore suspension with plant information molecules oligosaccharides (fructooligosaccharides, molecular weight 1000-2000 Da) at a volume ratio of 8:2;

[0083] 2. During the dynamic intervention phase of the growth cycle, the N:P:K ratio of the rhizosphere nutrient solution during the swelling period was 1:4:5, with a concentration of 1.8 g / L; the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas introduced at night was 20%.

[0084] 3. The volatile substance thresholds for pest and disease early warning are set as follows: methyl jasmonate ≥ 0.4 μg / m³, methyl salicylate ≥ 0.2 μg / m³, and the volume ratio of geraniol to nerol in the odor mixture is 2:1.

[0085] 4. The ecological niche resetting synthetic community microbial agent is composed of Bacillus subtilis, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in a ratio of 3:2:1, and the green manure plant sowing rate is 20 kg / mu;

[0086] The remaining steps are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0087] Comparative Example 1: A conventional method for cultivating Chinese medicinal herbs

[0088] This comparative example lacks the three-dimensional land treatment, multi-round sequential seed empowerment, rhizosphere microecological construction, and asymmetric regulation in dynamic intervention described in claim 1 of this invention. The specific steps are as follows:

[0089] 1. Land preparation: conventional deep plowing to 30cm, removing weeds and debris, applying 2000kg / mu of well-rotted farmyard manure, leveling the land and then ridging, with a ridge height of 20cm, a ridge width of 60cm and a ridge spacing of 80cm;

[0090] 2. Seed treatment: Soak the Salvia miltiorrhiza seeds in clean water for 24 hours, then remove them and place them in a constant temperature environment of 25℃ to germinate until the radicle length is 0.5-1.0cm;

[0091] 3. Transplanting: Dig holes on the ridge at a spacing of 30cm between plants, plant one germinating seed in each hole, cover with 2cm of soil, and water to keep moist;

[0092] 4. Field management: Regular drip irrigation; apply compound fertilizer (N:P:K=1:1:1) twice during the growing season, at a rate of 50 kg / mu each time; manually remove weeds; and spray chemical pesticides (10% wettable powder of imidacloprid diluted 1500 times) when pests and diseases are found.

[0093] 5. Harvesting and post-harvest handling: Harvest 150 days after planting. After harvesting, the soil is routinely tilled and left fallow for the next planting season.

[0094] The remaining conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0095] Comparative Example 2: A method for cultivating Chinese medicinal herbs that lacks a seed empowerment stage

[0096] Except for the absence of the seed energizing stage (multi-round sequential physical and biological treatment) in claim 1, the remaining steps in this comparative example are basically the same as those in Example 1, with the specific adjustments as follows:

[0097] The seed treatment adopted conventional methods: the Salvia miltiorrhiza seeds were rinsed with clean water three times, drained, and then placed in a dark environment at 22℃ and 85% relative humidity to germinate until the radicle length reached twice the seed diameter, and then directly used for transplanting.

[0098] The remaining steps (land preparation, planting and micro-domain construction, dynamic intervention of the growth cycle, and post-harvest system reset) are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0099] The planting experiments of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were all conducted on the same plot of land, with an experimental area of ​​1 mu. The planting density, growth cycle, climate conditions and other external environmental conditions were completely consistent. After harvest, the yield of Salvia miltiorrhiza, content of effective ingredients, incidence of pests and diseases, root vigor and soil physicochemical properties of each experimental group were tested. The test results are shown in Tables 1-3 below.

[0100] Table 1: Growth indicators and quality test results of Salvia miltiorrhiza in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2

[0101] experimental group Dry weight yield of Salvia miltiorrhiza (kg / mu) Tanshinone IIA content (%) Danshensu B content (%) Pest and disease incidence rate (%) Root activity (mg / (g·h)) Example 1 386.2 0.38 5.26 3.2 1.86 Example 2 372.5 0.36 5.12 3.8 1.78 Example 3 395.8 0.40 5.38 2.9 1.92 Example 4 380.1 0.37 5.21 3.5 1.82 Comparative Example 1 215.6 0.22 3.18 18.5 0.98 Comparative Example 2 302.4 0.29 4.05 8.6 1.35

[0102] Table 1 Data Comparison and Analysis:

[0103] Yield Comparison: The dry weight yields of *Salvia miltiorrhiza* in Examples 1-4 were significantly higher than those in Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Example 3 had the highest yield (395.8 kg / mu), followed by Example 1 (386.2 kg / mu), and Example 4 had the lowest (380.1 kg / mu). However, all yields were 76.3%-83.6% higher than Comparative Example 1 (215.6 kg / mu) and 25.7%-30.9% higher than Comparative Example 2 (302.4 kg / mu). This indicates that the comprehensive technical solution of this invention (three-dimensional land treatment, multi-round sequential seed empowerment, micro-domain construction, and dynamic intervention, etc.) can significantly improve the yield of *Salvia miltiorrhiza*. The seed empowerment stage is one of the key factors for yield improvement; without this stage, even with other technical measures in place, the yield still decreases significantly. The slightly higher yield in Example 3 compared to other examples is presumably related to the increased number of deep soil aeration bursts, prolonged seed UV irradiation time, and increased planting density. These measures further optimized soil aeration, seed vigor, and population growth space, thereby increasing yield.

[0104] Comparison of active ingredient content: The tanshinone IIA content in Examples 1-4 was 0.36%-0.40%, and the salvianolic acid B content was 5.12%-5.38%, both significantly higher than Comparative Example 1 (tanshinone IIA 0.22%, salvianolic acid B 3.18%), representing increases of 63.6%-81.8% and 61.0%-69.2% respectively compared to Comparative Example 1; they were also higher than Comparative Example 2 (tanshinone IIA 0.29%, salvianolic acid B 4.05%), representing increases of 24.1%-37.9% and 26.4%-32.8% respectively compared to Comparative Example 2. Tanshinone IIA and salvianolic acid B are the core active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza, and their content directly determines the quality of the medicinal material. This indicates that the technical solution of the present invention can effectively improve the quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Example 3 had the highest active ingredient content, which may be related to the precise regulation during the dynamic intervention stage. A more suitable rhizosphere environment and canopy light environment promoted the synthesis and accumulation of active ingredients.

[0105] Comparison of pest and disease incidence rates: The pest and disease incidence rates in Examples 1-4 were only 2.9%-3.8%, significantly lower than those in Comparative Example 1 (18.5%) and Comparative Example 2 (8.6%). Comparative Example 1 still showed a high pest and disease incidence rate despite conventional chemical pesticide control, while this invention, through a pest and disease early warning and intervention subsystem based on plant volatile signals, achieved early warning and green control of pests and diseases, effectively reducing the risk of pest and disease occurrence. Comparative Example 2, lacking a seed empowerment stage, had weaker seed vigor and stress resistance, resulting in a pest and disease incidence rate 1-2 times higher than the examples, further demonstrating that the seed empowerment stage can enhance the plant's resistance to pests and diseases.

[0106] Root activity comparison: The root activity of Examples 1-4 was 1.78-1.92 mg / (g·h), which was 1.82-1.96 times that of Comparative Example 1 (0.98 mg / (g·h)) and 1.32-1.42 times that of Comparative Example 2 (1.35 mg / (g·h)). Root activity is an important indicator reflecting the growth status of plants. Higher root activity can promote the absorption of water and nutrients by plants and enhance growth vigor. This invention creates good soil aeration conditions through three-dimensional soil treatment, introduces beneficial microorganisms through micro-domain construction, and precisely regulates the rhizosphere environment through dynamic intervention. These measures together enhance root activity. In contrast, the conventional soil treatment in Comparative Example 1 had poor aeration, and the lack of seed empowerment in Comparative Example 2 resulted in weak root development, both of which significantly reduced root activity.

[0107] Table 2: Comparison of post-harvest soil physicochemical properties and microbial abundance between Examples 1 & 3 and Comparative Examples 1 & 2

[0108] experimental group Soil porosity (%) Soil organic matter content (g / kg) Soil available nitrogen content (mg / kg) Available phosphorus content in soil (mg / kg) Soil available potassium content (mg / kg) <![CDATA[Number of beneficial soil microorganisms (×10 6 CFU / g)]]> Example 1 (Postpartum) 42.6 38.5 128.6 65.3 186.2 28.5 Example 3 (Postpartum) 45.2 40.2 135.8 68.7 192.5 32.1 Comparative Example 1 (Postpartum) 30.5 22.3 85.4 32.6 120.8 8.6 Comparative Example 2 (Postpartum) 41.8 36.9 118.2 60.5 175.3 25.3 Initial soil (before planting) 31.2 23.1 88.5 35.2 125.6 9.2

[0109] Table 2 Data Comparison and Analysis:

[0110] Soil porosity: The post-harvest soil porosity in Examples 1 and 3 was 42.6% and 45.2%, respectively, an increase of 36.5% and 44.9% compared to the initial soil (31.2%). In contrast, the post-harvest soil porosity in Comparative Example 1 was only 30.5%, slightly lower than the initial soil. The post-harvest soil porosity in Comparative Example 2 was 41.8%, slightly lower than that in Example 1. This indicates that the three-dimensional land treatment (deep air blasting, matrix replacement) of the present invention can significantly improve soil porosity and aeration. Furthermore, the disinfection and niche resetting measures during the post-harvest system reset phase can maintain high soil porosity. In Example 3, the soil porosity was further increased due to the increased number of air blasting events. In contrast, the conventional tillage in Comparative Example 1 could not effectively improve the soil pore structure, and the compaction during the planting process even led to a decrease in porosity.

[0111] Soil nutrient content: The organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium contents of the post-harvest soils of Examples 1 and 3 were significantly higher than those of the initial soil and Comparative Example 1. The organic matter content was 38.5 g / kg and 40.2 g / kg, respectively, an increase of 66.7% and 74.0% compared to the initial soil (23.1 g / kg); the available nitrogen content was 128.6 mg / kg and 135.8 mg / kg, respectively, an increase of 45.3% and 53.4% ​​compared to the initial soil (88.5 mg / kg). Although the nutrient content of the post-harvest soil in Comparative Example 1 was slightly higher than that of the initial soil, it was much lower than that of the Examples. This is because the post-harvest system reset stage of the present invention achieves the recycling and replenishment of soil nutrients through inoculation of functional microorganisms and intercropping of green manure plants, while the conventional planting mode of Comparative Example 1 only relies on external fertilization and cannot achieve sustainable improvement of soil nutrients. Due to the lack of the seed empowerment stage, the plant growth in Comparative Example 2 was slightly worse, and the utilization and feedback of soil nutrients were less, resulting in a slightly lower soil nutrient content than the Examples.

[0112] Number of beneficial soil microorganisms: The number of beneficial soil microorganisms after harvest in Examples 1 and 3 were 28.5 × 10⁻⁶. 6 CFU / g and 32.1×10 6 CFU / g is the initial soil concentration (9.2 × 10⁻⁶). 6 The levels of CFU / g were 3.10 times and 3.49 times higher than those in Comparative Example 1 (8.6 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / g), respectively. 6 The levels of beneficial microorganisms in the post-harvest soil were 3.31 times and 3.73 times higher than those in the control group (CFU / g); the number of beneficial microorganisms in the post-harvest soil in control group 2 was 25.3 × 10⁻⁶. 6 The CFU / g was lower than that of Examples 1 and 3. This indicates that the micro-domain construction stage (inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and growth-promoting bacteria) and the post-harvest niche resetting stage (inoculation with synthetic community inoculants and mixed sowing of green manure) of the present invention can significantly increase the number of beneficial soil microorganisms and improve the soil micro-ecological environment. The number of beneficial microorganisms in Example 3 was higher, which may be related to the increased amount of inoculation slurry. In Comparative Example 1, no microbial inoculation measures were adopted, and the number of soil microorganisms was not increased, and even decreased slightly due to the use of chemical pesticides.

[0113] Table 3: Comparison of growth and development indicators of Salvia miltiorrhiza in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2

[0114] experimental group Seed germination rate (%) Emergence rate (%) Plant height (cm) (harvest period) Fresh root weight (g / plant) Root dry weight (g / plant) Root-to-crown ratio Example 1 95.6 92.3 68.5 28.6 9.65 0.82 Example 2 93.2 89.5 66.8 27.3 9.31 0.80 Example 3 97.8 95.1 70.2 30.2 10.02 0.85 Example 4 94.5 91.2 67.6 28.1 9.50 0.81 Comparative Example 1 78.3 72.5 52.3 16.8 5.39 0.65 Comparative Example 2 85.6 82.1 60.5 22.5 7.56 0.72

[0115] Table 3 Data Comparison and Analysis:

[0116] Seed germination rate and emergence rate: The seed germination rate of Examples 1-4 was 93.2%-97.8%, and the emergence rate was 89.5%-95.1%, both significantly higher than those of Comparative Example 1 (germination rate 78.3%, emergence rate 72.5%) and Comparative Example 2 (germination rate 85.6%, emergence rate 82.1%). This indicates that the multi-round sequential seed empowerment treatment of the present invention can significantly improve the germination ability and emergence rate of seeds. The synergistic effect of ultraviolet irradiation, composite solution soaking, and acoustic stimulation activates the physiological activity of seeds, enhances their stress resistance, and enables them to better adapt to the environment after transplanting. Example 3 had the highest germination rate and emergence rate, which was related to the extended ultraviolet irradiation time and optimized acoustic treatment parameters. The conventional seed treatment in Comparative Example 1 failed to activate seed vigor, and Comparative Example 2 lacked seed empowerment treatment, resulting in lower germination rate and emergence rate.

[0117] Plant height, fresh root weight, and dry root weight: At harvest, the plant height in Examples 1-4 was 66.8-70.2 cm, the fresh root weight was 27.3-30.2 g / plant, and the dry root weight was 9.31-10.02 g / plant, all significantly higher than Comparative Example 1 (plant height 52.3 cm, fresh root weight 16.8 g / plant, dry root weight 5.39 g / plant) and Comparative Example 2 (plant height 60.5 cm, fresh root weight 22.5 g / plant, dry root weight 7.56 g / plant). The increase in plant height and root weight reflects the enhanced overall growth vigor of the plants. This is the result of the synergistic effect of the comprehensive technical solutions of this invention: three-dimensional soil treatment provides a good growth substrate and aeration conditions; seed empowerment enhances the plant's growth starting point; dynamic intervention precisely regulates the growth environment, promoting vegetative growth and root development. Example 3 showed the highest plant height and root weight, further demonstrating that optimizing technical parameters can improve growth performance.

[0118] Root-to-shoot ratio: The root-to-shoot ratios of Examples 1-4 were 0.80-0.85, higher than those of Comparative Example 1 (0.65) and Comparative Example 2 (0.72). The root-to-shoot ratio is an important indicator reflecting the degree of coordination between the growth of the underground and above-ground parts of a plant. A higher root-to-shoot ratio indicates that the plant allocates more photosynthetic products to the root system, which is beneficial to root enlargement and thus increases the yield of medicinal materials (Danshen uses the root system as the medicinal part). The dynamic intervention stage of this invention promoted root growth and development and increased the root-to-shoot ratio by precisely controlling the rhizosphere environment and the canopy light environment; while the insufficient control of the growth environment in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 resulted in a lower root-to-shoot ratio, affecting root yield.

[0119] The medicinal herb cultivation method of this invention significantly improves the yield, quality, and disease and pest resistance of medicinal herbs through the synergistic effects of three-dimensional land preparation, multi-round sequential seed empowerment, planting and micro-domain construction, dynamic intervention in the growth cycle, and post-harvest system reset. Simultaneously, it improves soil physicochemical properties and the micro-ecological environment, achieving sustainable and intelligent cultivation of medicinal herbs. Example 3, by optimizing some technical parameters (increasing the number of air explosions, extending seed irradiation time, and increasing planting density), achieved the best cultivation results, further demonstrating the optimizability and adaptability of the technical solution of this invention. The experimental results of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 show that the absence of the core technical features of this invention (such as three-dimensional land treatment and seed empowerment) leads to a significant decrease in cultivation results, fully demonstrating the creativity and necessity of the technical solution of this invention.

[0120] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A planting method of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, characterized in that, The method comprises: a land preparation stage, which carries out three-dimensional stereoscopic processing on selected land, including surface biomass cleaning, sub-surface soil replacement, and deep soil gas explosion operation; a seed empowerment stage, which carries out multiple rounds of sequential physical and biological processing on traditional Chinese medicine seed; a planting and micro-domain construction stage, which uses a special planting device to complete seedling transplanting and simultaneously construct a root zone micro-ecosystem; a dynamic intervention stage in the growth cycle, which carries out asymmetric regulation of canopy light environment, rhizosphere water, fertilizer, gas, and heat compound conditions according to a preset plant physiological signal model; a post-production system reset stage, which carries out a systematic recovery operation including soil pulse disinfection and niche reset after harvesting of the medicine.

2. The planting method of traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional stereoscopic processing of the land preparation stage specifically comprises: all plant residues and large debris on the ground are removed by mechanical and manual combination, and are concentrated for anaerobic fermentation pretreatment; a strip-shaped trench with a depth of 40 to 60 cm and a width of 30 cm is excavated at the predetermined planting row position using a trenching device, the original soil in the trench is removed, and the trench is backfilled with a special substrate prepared by mixing peat, vermiculite, forest debris pre-fermented by specific fungi, and mineral trace elements in a certain proportion; a micro-porous pipeline network capable of periodically releasing high-pressure air is buried at a depth of 80 cm below the backfill area, and at least 1 high-pressure gas explosion with a duration of 5 minutes is carried out before planting to create permanent non-compacted aeration fissures in the deep soil.

3. The method for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of the multiple rounds of sequential processing in the seed empowerment stage are as follows: The first round of processing uses a UV light source with a wavelength range of 260 to 280 nm to intermittently irradiate the selected seeds, with an irradiation cycle of 30 seconds of irradiation and 90 seconds of intermittent, and a total irradiation time of 10 minutes; The second round of processing immerses the irradiated seeds in a composite liquid containing endophyte spore suspension and plant information molecule oligosaccharide, and treats them under the conditions of constant temperature of 25 degrees Celsius and oscillation of 120 revolutions per minute for 6 hours; The third round of processing transfers the seeds to a dark room filled with sound waves of a specific frequency, and receives 8 hours of sound wave excitation treatment per day for 3 consecutive days; after treatment, the seeds are placed in a dark environment with controllable temperature and humidity for germination until the radicle length reaches 2 times the diameter of the seed.

4. The method for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific operations of the planting and micro-domain construction stage are as follows: A planting cup made of biodegradable polymer material is used, the cup body has a pre-designed degradation gradient, and the cup contains germinated seeds treated in the seed empowerment stage and a small amount of growth-promoting bacteria colloid; In the strip-shaped trench where the soil replacement has been completed, the planting cup is placed according to the preset density, and the soil is covered to the cup edge; Through the drip irrigation system, each planting cup is injected with inoculation slurry containing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus spores and earthworm cast extract, and the slurry dosage is 200 milliliters per planting point; A black and white biodegradable mulch film with different light transmittance sections is laid on the surface of the planting row.

5. The method for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the dynamic intervention stage within the growth cycle, the asymmetric regulation of canopy light environment is realized through flexible light regulation units that can be automatically opened and closed. According to the real-time monitoring of the plant top leaf angle and leaf temperature data, the flexible light regulation units automatically adjust their light transmittance and spectral composition, converting direct light into scattered light with a dominant 660 nm red-orange light between 10:00 and 14:00 every day. The asymmetric regulation of rhizosphere water, fertilizer, gas, and heat conditions is achieved through a sensor network and multi-point injection system buried at different depths. According to the distribution depth of plant root system in different growth stages, different temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, and nutrient composition of nutrient solution are supplied, and carbon dioxide-rich gas is input to the root zone at night.

6. The method for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic intervention stage within the growth cycle also includes a pest and disease warning and intervention subsystem based on plant volatile signals. The subsystem regularly collects air samples around the plants through adsorption tubes arranged in the field, rapidly analyzes the types and concentrations of specific warning volatiles using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, and automatically starts the targeted odor diffusion device when the concentration exceeds the threshold, releasing a mixture of odor simulating plant anti-insect signals and guiding unmanned aerial vehicles to spray insect pathogenic nematode-based suspensions in key areas.

7. The method for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the growth cycle, root system bioelectricity conductivity mapping is regularly implemented. A multi-electrode array is inserted into the soil around the root zone to measure and plot the low-frequency current conduction characteristics of the root zone. By analyzing the spatial heterogeneity of the image, the root activity distribution and potential disease risk are evaluated, and the rhizosphere intervention strategy is dynamically adjusted based on the evaluation results.

8. The method for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil pulse disinfection in the postpartum system reset stage uses a combined physical method, which includes: Using a solar energy aggregation device to heat the soil surface to 55°C for 48 hours, then introducing 70°C superheated water vapor into the soil for 30 minutes, and finally applying a high-intensity pulse electric field to the soil; Niche reset includes: immediately after disinfection, inoculate a synthetic community of multiple functional microorganisms, and mix-broadcast seeds of multiple green manure plants including deep-rooted and shallow-rooted, nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-dissolving types to form a temporary plant cover.

9. The method for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the entire planting cycle, a distributed wireless sensor network is integrated and deployed to continuously monitor soil moisture, matrix potential, root zone oxygen concentration, plant stem flow rate, canopy temperature and humidity, and specific spectral reflectance index from 50 cm underground to 2 meters above ground. All data are aggregated to a central processor for real-time simulation and optimization using an embedded crop growth digital twin model, and automatically generate control instruction sequences for each execution subsystem.

10. The method for planting traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, This method constitutes a closed-loop intelligent planting system, whose output includes not only traditional Chinese medicinal materials, but also an unalterable digital archive of the entire growth cycle of the batch of medicinal materials, containing all environmental parameters, operation records, and perception data from seed treatment to each intervention operation. This archive is bound to the final product through blockchain technology, realizing quality traceability and intellectual property encapsulation of the planting process.

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