A special forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts.

Abstract

This invention discloses a dedicated forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts, comprising a base, a tool system, and a fixture system. The cavity part to be tested is placed horizontally on the base. The fixture system is mounted on the base to clamp and fix the cavity part. The tool system is mounted on the base at the unenclosed end of the cavity part, and includes an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve, a milling cutter shank, an outer sleeve translation device, an outer sleeve support device, an inner sleeve translation device, and a milling cutter shank drive device. This invention employs a double-sleeve segmented cutting structure with an outer sleeve for support and fixation and an inner sleeve for feed. The outer sleeve achieves segmented feed positioning through the outer sleeve translation device and is supported within the cavity part by the outer sleeve support device, achieving rigid support positioning. The milling cutter shank drive device drives the milling cutter shank to rotate the forming milling cutter, and the inner sleeve translation device drives the inner sleeve and the milling cutter shank to perform telescopic feed cutting, effectively avoiding chatter problems when machining deep cavities with long overhanging tools.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of special milling machines for special workpieces, and particularly relates to a special forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts. Background Technology

[0002] Thin-walled annular cavity parts are widely used in aerospace, high-speed rail, and precision instruments. They are characterized by thin walls, low rigidity, deep cavities, and are often semi-enclosed structures. Currently, there are many processing methods for thin-walled annular cavity parts, including welding-milling combination processes, roughing-finish separation processing, spiral layer milling, and electrical discharge machining. For example, Zhang Genbao and Luo Tianhong, in "High-end Manufacturing Mode of High-end CNC Machine Tools (IX): Comparative Study of Domestic and International CNC Machine Tool Levels," proposed first roughing the workpiece separately, then welding it into a whole, and finally performing finish milling to reduce stress concentration. Yang Zaibin and Shen Tao, in "Research on Manufacturing Process of Weakly Rigid Thin-walled Cavity Parts," proposed a process route combining roughing-finish separation with heat treatment to effectively reduce residual stress. Peng Lixia, in "Research on Milling Process of Thin-walled Irregular Parts," studied a zoned spiral layer milling process, adopting a weak zone priority and dynamic... Supporting and optimizing cutting parameters improves the machining accuracy and efficiency of thin-walled parts. In addition, patent CN202211092256.0 discloses a milling device for thin-walled aerospace parts, which adopts a "static tool and moving part" mode and a dual-path cooling system to improve heat dissipation and chip removal. Patent CN202211258531.1 proposes a multi-angle adjustable support platform to enhance the clamping rigidity of thin-walled parts. Patent CN201911083111.2 utilizes electrolytic machining to realize the machining of shallow cavities of thin-walled cylinders, avoiding deformation caused by cutting forces.

[0003] While the above methods offer some improvement for machining thin-walled parts, they still suffer from drawbacks such as the risk of welding deformation, long processing cycles, high requirements for machine tool rigidity, low efficiency, and limited applicability. Particularly when machining annular cavities with small openings and large depths, conventional milling machines require long overhanging tools, which can easily lead to chatter and dimensional errors. Difficult chip removal can result in secondary cutting and thermal deformation, affecting accuracy and tool life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a special forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A dedicated forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts includes a base, a tool system, and a fixture system. The cavity part to be tested is placed horizontally on the base. The fixture system is mounted on the base to clamp and fix the cavity part. The tool system is mounted on the base at the unenclosed end of the cavity part. The tool system includes an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve, a milling cutter shank, an outer sleeve translation device, an outer sleeve support device, an inner sleeve translation device, and a milling cutter shank drive device. The outer sleeve and inner sleeve are hollow and extend axially along the cavity part. The outer sleeve is connected to the outer sleeve translation device. A sleeve is mounted on a base to drive the outer sleeve to move axially into and out of the cavity part. The outer sleeve support device is mounted on the upper and lower surfaces of the outer sleeve to support the outer sleeve between the upper and lower surfaces of the cavity part after the outer sleeve has moved to a designated position inside the cavity part. The inner sleeve is slidably connected inside the outer sleeve. The inner sleeve translation device is mounted between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve to drive the inner sleeve to extend and retract axially within the cavity part inside the outer sleeve. The milling cutter bar is rotatably connected to the front end of the inner sleeve and perpendicular to the inner surface of the cavity part. The milling cutter bar drive device is mounted on the inner sleeve and is drively connected to the milling cutter bar to drive the milling cutter bar to rotate.

[0007] Preferably, the outer casing translation device includes a drive motor A, a gear A, a rack A, and a cross roller guide. The rack A is fixed on the outer casing along the axial direction of the cavity part. The drive motor A is mounted on the base. The gear A is driven and connected to the output shaft of the drive motor A and meshes with the rack A. The cross roller guide is connected between the outer casing and the base along the axial direction of the cavity part.

[0008] Preferably, there are two cross roller guides, and two parallel guide rail mounting brackets are provided on the base at both sides of the outer casing. The two cross roller guides are respectively connected between the two guide rail mounting brackets and the two side surfaces of the outer casing.

[0009] Preferably, the outer casing support device includes a plurality of support cylinders, which are distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the outer casing, with their telescopic ends facing the inner wall of the cavity part.

[0010] Preferably, the inner sleeve translation device includes a drive motor B, a gear B, a rack B, a linear guide rail, and a slider. The linear guide rail is fixed to the inner wall of the outer sleeve along the axial direction of the cavity part. The slider is fixed to the outer surface of the inner sleeve. The inner sleeve is slidably connected to the linear guide rail through the slider. The rack B is fixed to the outer surface of the inner sleeve along the axial direction. The drive motor B is installed at the rear end of the outer sleeve. The gear B is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor B and meshes with the rack B.

[0011] Preferably, the milling cutter rod driving device includes a drive motor C, a transmission shaft, a bevel gear set, and multiple bearing seats. The drive motor C is fixed at the rear end of the inner sleeve. The transmission shaft extends axially along the cavity part and is spaced and supported inside the inner sleeve by multiple bearing seats. One end of the transmission shaft is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor C through a coupling, and the other end is connected to the input end of the bevel gear set. The output end of the bevel gear set is connected to the milling cutter rod.

[0012] Preferably, the fixture system includes a positioning device and a clamping device. The positioning device includes a stop block and two symmetrically arranged inclined support blocks. The two inclined support blocks are arranged facing each other to form a V-shaped guide seat. The V-shaped support surface matches the inclined surface at the bottom of the outer surface of the cavity part. The stop block is located at the end of the inclined support block away from the tool system to restrict the movement of the cavity part along the milling direction. The clamping device includes multiple rotary pressing cylinders, a pressing rod, and a pressure plate. The multiple rotary pressing cylinders are symmetrically installed on the bases on both sides of the V-shaped guide seat. The lower end of the pressing rod is connected to the piston end of the rotary pressing cylinder, and the upper end is connected to the pressure plate. The rotary pressing cylinder can drive the pressure plate to rotate above the cavity part and press it down.

[0013] Preferably, the present invention further includes a chip removal system comprising a coolant nozzle, a chip removal port, a chip removal track, and a chip removal box. The coolant nozzle is installed at one end of the inner sleeve near the end of the milling cutter bar and facing the machining area of ​​the cavity part. The coolant nozzle is connected to an external coolant circulation system through a coolant pipe. The chip removal port is opened on the base below the unclosed end of the cavity part. The chip removal track is inclinedly arranged below the chip removal port. The chip removal box is connected to the lower end of the chip removal track.

[0014] Preferably, the base includes a top plate and a support. The top plate is an integral cast steel structure with an open top, and is horizontally installed on top of the support. The bottom of the support is provided with leveling and shock-absorbing pads.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of roller assemblies are distributed at the bottom of the outer casing, and the roller assemblies are rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner surface of the cavity part.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are:

[0018] This invention employs a double-sleeve segmented cutting structure with an outer sleeve for support and an inner sleeve for feed. The outer sleeve is positioned for segmented feed through an outer sleeve translation device and is supported within the cavity part by an outer sleeve support device, achieving rigid support positioning. The milling cutter shank drive device drives the milling cutter shank to rotate the forming milling cutter, while the inner sleeve translation device drives the inner sleeve and the milling cutter shank to perform telescopic feed cutting. This effectively avoids the inconvenience of machining deep cavities and the chatter problem when machining deep cavities with long overhanging tools, thus improving machining stability and dimensional accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tool system of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point C;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the milling cutter bar drive device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the chip removal track and chip removal box of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Base; 11. Top plate; 12. Bracket; 13. Leveling and shock-absorbing pads; 2. Tool system; 21. Outer sleeve; 22. Inner sleeve; 23. Milling cutter bar; 241. Drive motor A; 242. Gear A; 243. Rack A; 244. Cross roller guide; 245. Guide rail mounting bracket; 25. Support cylinder; 261. Drive motor B; 262. Gear B; 263. Rack B; 264. Linear guide; 271. Drive motor C; 272. Drive shaft; 273. Bevel gear set; 274. Bearing seat; 3. Fixture system; 31. Stop block; 32. Inclined support block; 33. Rotary pressing cylinder; 34. Pressing rod; 35. Pressure plate; 4. Chip removal system; 41. Chip discharge port; 42. Chip removal track; 43. Chip box; 5. Roller assembly; 100. Cavity parts. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] This invention provides a technical solution: such as Figure 1-7 As shown, a special forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts includes a base 1, a tool system 2, and a fixture system 3. The cavity part 100 to be tested is placed horizontally on the base 1. The fixture system 3 is set on the base 1 to clamp and fix the cavity part 100. The tool system 2 is set on the base 1 at the unenclosed end of the cavity part 100. The tool system 2 includes an outer sleeve 21, an inner sleeve 22, a milling cutter shank 23, an outer sleeve translation device, an outer sleeve support device, an inner sleeve translation device, and a milling cutter shank drive device. The outer sleeve 21 and the inner sleeve 22 are hollow inside and extend along the axial direction of the cavity part 100. The outer sleeve 21 is connected to the outer sleeve translation device, which is set on the base 1. The upper sleeve 21 is used to drive the outer sleeve 21 to translate along the axial direction of the cavity part 100 into and out of the cavity part 100. The outer sleeve support device is disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the outer sleeve 21 to support the outer sleeve 21 between the upper and lower surfaces of the cavity part 100 after the outer sleeve 21 is translated to a designated position inside the cavity part 100. The inner sleeve 22 is slidably connected inside the outer sleeve 21. The inner sleeve translation device is disposed between the outer sleeve 21 and the inner sleeve 22 to drive the inner sleeve 22 to extend and retract along the axial direction of the cavity part 100 inside the outer sleeve 21. The milling cutter shank 23 is rotatably connected to the front end of the inner sleeve 22 and perpendicular to the inner surface of the cavity part 100. The milling cutter shank drive device is disposed on the inner sleeve 22 and is connected to the milling cutter shank 23 for driving the milling cutter shank 23 to rotate.

[0030] Based on the above structure, this invention adopts a double-sleeve segmented cutting structure with an outer sleeve 21 for support and an inner sleeve 22 for feeding. During operation, a forming milling cutter of the required specifications is installed at the end of the milling cutter shank 23. First, the outer sleeve 21 is fed into the designated position of the cavity part 100 by the outer sleeve translation device. Then, the outer sleeve support device supports the outer sleeve 21 between the upper and lower surfaces of the cavity part 100 to achieve rigid support and positioning. Subsequently, the inner sleeve 22 extends out of the front end of the outer sleeve 21 through the inner sleeve translation device, allowing the forming milling cutter to reach the cutting area. Then, the milling cutter shank drive device drives the milling cutter shank 23 to rotate and cut. The entire milling machine, through the cooperation of its various parts, realizes segmented feeding forming milling of a semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity. First, the outer sleeve 21 feeds and positions the forming milling cutter. Then, the inner sleeve 22 drives the forming milling cutter to extend and retract, and the milling cutter shank drive device drives the forming milling cutter to rotate, realizing segmented cutting of the inner wall of the cavity. This process is repeated until the entire cavity is processed. This processing method can solve the problems of inconvenient processing of deep cavities and vibration when processing deep cavities with long overhanging tools. This invention is applicable to the machining of semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts in aerospace, high-speed rail, precision instruments and other fields. It can complete the efficient forming milling of deep cavity structures under high rigidity and high precision conditions.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 1-3As shown, the outer sleeve translation device includes a drive motor A241, a gear A242, a rack A243, and a cross roller guide 244. The rack A243 is fixed on the outer sleeve 21 along the axial direction of the cavity part 100. The drive motor A241 is mounted on the base 1. The gear A242 is drivenly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor A241 and meshes with the rack A243. The cross roller guide 244 is connected between the outer sleeve 21 and the base 1 along the axial direction of the cavity part 100.

[0032] Based on the above structure, the present invention drives the gear A242 to rotate by outputting power from the drive motor A241. Through the meshing transmission between the gear A242 and the rack A243, the rotational motion is converted into linear motion of the outer sleeve 21 along the axial direction of the cavity part 100. The crossed roller guide 244 provides high-precision guiding constraints for the translation of the outer sleeve 21. The transmission between the gear A242 and the rack A243 has the characteristics of high transmission efficiency and accurate positioning. Combined with the high rigidity and low friction characteristics of the crossed roller guide 244, a feed accuracy of 0.01mm can be achieved for the outer sleeve 21.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, there are two cross roller guides 244. Two parallel guide rail mounting brackets 245 are provided on the base 1 at both sides of the outer jacket 21. The two cross roller guides 244 are respectively connected between the two guide rail mounting brackets 245 and the two side surfaces of the outer jacket 21.

[0034] Based on the above structure, the present invention adopts a design of cross roller guides 244 arranged symmetrically on both sides. During operation, the two cross roller guides 244 simultaneously provide support and guidance for the outer jacket 21, forming a symmetrical force-bearing structure on both sides. At the same time, space is left on the upper and lower surfaces of the outer jacket 21 for installing the outer jacket support device.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, the outer jacket support device includes a plurality of support cylinders 25, which are distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the outer jacket 21, with their telescopic ends facing the inner wall of the cavity part 100.

[0036] Based on the above structure, the working principle of the outer sleeve support device of the present invention is as follows: when the outer sleeve 21 is translated to the designated processing position, the support cylinders 25 distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the outer sleeve 21 extend synchronously, and their telescopic ends press against the inner wall of the cavity part 100, forming multi-point rigid support for the outer sleeve 21. At the same time, more dense support cylinders 25 can be set near the front end to achieve support in the processing area and avoid vibration of the long overhanging tool system during processing. Meanwhile, the telescopic movement of the support cylinders 25 can be linked with the translation of the outer sleeve 21, retracting when the outer sleeve 21 moves and extending when processing, which does not affect the feed movement and can provide support and protection in real time, effectively solving the problem of easy deformation in the processing of semi-enclosed thin-walled cavities.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the inner sleeve translation device includes a drive motor B261, a gear B262, a rack B263, a linear guide rail 264, and a slider. The linear guide rail 264 is axially fixed to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 21 along the cavity part 100. The slider is fixed to the outer surface of the inner sleeve 22. The inner sleeve 22 is slidably connected to the linear guide rail 264 through the slider. The rack B263 is axially fixed to the outer surface of the inner sleeve 22. The drive motor B261 is installed at the rear end of the outer sleeve 21. The gear B262 is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor B261 and meshes with the rack B263.

[0038] Based on the above structure, the present invention drives the gear B262 to rotate through the drive motor B261, and through the meshing transmission between the gear B262 and the rack B263, drives the inner sleeve 22 to perform axial extension and retraction along the linear guide rail 264 on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 21, so as to realize the short-stroke feed of the forming milling cutter driven by the inner sleeve 22.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the milling cutter rod drive device includes a drive motor C271, a transmission shaft 272, a bevel gear set 273, and multiple bearing seats 274. The drive motor C271 is fixed at the rear end of the inner sleeve 22. The transmission shaft 272 extends axially along the cavity part 100 and is supported at intervals by multiple bearing seats 274 inside the inner sleeve 22. One end of the transmission shaft 272 is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor C271 through a coupling, and the other end is connected to the input end of the bevel gear set 273. The output end of the bevel gear set 273 is connected to the milling cutter rod 23.

[0040] Based on the above structure, the working principle of the milling cutter rod drive device of the present invention is as follows: the rotational power output by the drive motor C271 is transmitted to the transmission shaft 272 via the coupling. The transmission shaft 272 maintains stable rotation through multiple bearing seats 274, and then the power transmission direction is changed by the bevel gear set 273, thereby driving the milling cutter rod 23 to rotate perpendicular to the surface of the cavity part 100 to drive the forming milling cutter to cut.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , 7As shown, the fixture system 3 includes a positioning device and a clamping device. The positioning device includes a stop block 31 and two symmetrically arranged inclined support blocks 32. The two inclined support blocks 32 are arranged facing each other to form a V-shaped guide seat. The V-shaped support surface matches the inclined surface at the bottom of the outer surface of the cavity part 100. The stop block 31 is located at the end of the inclined support block 32 away from the tool system 2 to restrict the movement of the cavity part 100 along the milling direction. The clamping device includes multiple rotary pressing cylinders 33, pressing rods 34 and pressure plates 35. The multiple rotary pressing cylinders 33 are symmetrically installed on the bases 1 on both sides of the V-shaped guide seat. The lower end of the pressing rod 34 is connected to the piston end of the rotary pressing cylinder 33, and the upper end is connected to the pressure plate 35. The rotary pressing cylinder 33 can drive the pressure plate 35 to rotate above the cavity part 100 and press it down.

[0042] Based on the above structure, the working principle of the clamping system 3 of the present invention is as follows: In the positioning stage, the cavity part 100 is placed on the V-shaped guide seat, and automatic centering and positioning are achieved by the contact between the V-shaped support surface and the inclined surface at the bottom of the part. The stop block 31 restricts the displacement of the part along the milling direction. In the clamping stage, the rotary pressing cylinder 33 drives the pressure plate 35 to rotate above the part, and then the piston end retracts to drive the pressing rod 34 and the pressure plate 35 to achieve downward clamping. This design combines the advantages of mechanical self-positioning and pneumatic clamping. The V-shaped guide seat can achieve fast and accurate positioning without repeated manual adjustment. The symmetrically arranged multiple rotary pressing cylinders 33 provide uniform clamping force, avoiding deformation of the cavity part 100 caused by excessive local pressure.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , 7 As shown in Figure 8, the present invention also includes a chip removal system 4, comprising a coolant nozzle, a chip removal port 41, a chip removal track 42, and a chip removal box 43. The coolant nozzle is installed on the inner sleeve 22 near the end of the milling cutter shank 23 and facing the machining area of ​​the cavity part 100. The coolant nozzle is connected to an external coolant circulation system through a coolant pipe. The chip removal port 41 is opened on the base 1 and is located below the unclosed end of the cavity part 100. The chip removal track 42 is inclinedly arranged below the chip removal port 41. The chip removal box 43 is connected to the lower end of the chip removal track 42.

[0044] Based on the above structure, the present invention sprays high-pressure coolant into the cutting area through coolant nozzles, which cools the forming milling cutter and the machined surface on the one hand, and uses the impact force of the liquid flow to flush the chips out from the cavity part 100 on the other hand. The chips and coolant mix and fall into the inclined chip removal track 42 through the chip removal port 41, and slide into the chip removal box 43 under the action of gravity to complete the collection.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown, the base 1 includes a top plate 11 and a support 12. The top plate 11 is an integral cast steel structure with an open top and is horizontally installed on the top of the support 12. The bottom of the support 12 is provided with leveling and shock-absorbing pads 13.

[0046] Based on the above structure, the present invention provides a high-rigidity load-bearing foundation through the top plate 11 of the integral cast steel structure. All functional components are installed on the top plate 11 to ensure the consistency of the installation benchmark of each component. The leveling and shock-absorbing pads 13 at the bottom of the bracket 12 can be adjusted to achieve the horizontal calibration of the top plate 11, and can also reduce vibration during processing.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 , 5 As shown, a plurality of roller assemblies 5 are distributed at the bottom of the outer jacket 21, and the roller assemblies 5 are tactilely connected to the bottom of the inner surface of the cavity part 100.

[0048] Based on the above structure, when the outer jacket 21 moves horizontally, the bottom roller assembly 5 forms rolling contact with the inner surface of the cavity part 100, providing support for the outer jacket 21 and preventing excessive force on the cross roller guides 244 on both sides, which could cause damage.

[0049] The working process of this invention is as follows:

[0050] 1. Workpiece clamping: The semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity part 100 to be processed is placed on the V-shaped guide seat of the base 1 by a crane. The workpiece is automatically centered and slid into the positioning position along the inclined support block 32. One end of the workpiece abuts against the stop block 31 to achieve axial limitation, and the unclosed end faces the tool system 2. The rotary pressing cylinder 33 is started to drive the pressure plate 35 to rotate above the workpiece and press it down to complete the quick clamping and fixing of the workpiece.

[0051] 2. Machining preparation: Select the appropriate forming milling cutter according to the cavity cross-sectional dimensions and install it on the milling cutter shank 23; start the external coolant circulation system to ensure normal coolant supply; set the machining parameters through the control system, including the feed speed of the outer sleeve 21, the extension stroke of the inner sleeve 22, and the rotational speed of the milling cutter shank 23;

[0052] 3. Segmented Cutting: Start drive motor A241, which drives the outer sleeve 21 to move along the cross roller guide 244 into the cavity part 100 to the first segment machining position through gear A242 and rack A243 meshing transmission; control support cylinder 25 to extend and press against the inner wall of cavity part 100 to form multi-point support; start drive motor C271, which drives the milling cutter bar 23 and the forming milling cutter to rotate at high speed through transmission shaft 272 and bevel gear set 273; start drive motor B261, which drives the inner sleeve 22 to extend and retract along the linear guide 264, driving the forming milling cutter to cut the cavity; during the cutting process, the coolant nozzle continuously sprays high-pressure coolant to cool the surface of the forming milling cutter and cavity part 100 and wash away the chips; the chips generated during the processing are collected in the chip box 43 through the unclosed end of cavity part 100, chip outlet 41, and chip removal track 42 with the coolant;

[0053] 4. Section Change: After the first section is processed, the inner sleeve 22 is driven to retract and the support cylinder 25 is retracted; the drive motor A241 continues to drive the outer sleeve 21 to move forward to the second section processing position, repeating the steps of support cylinder 25 supporting and inner sleeve 22 feeding and cutting, until the entire cavity is processed.

[0054] 5. Processing completion: After the entire cavity is processed, the inner sleeve 22 retracts into the outer sleeve 21, the support cylinder 25 retracts, and the drive motor A241 drives the outer sleeve 21 out of the cavity; turn off all drive motors and the coolant circulation system, start the rotating pressing cylinder 33 to release the pressure plate 35, and remove the processed workpiece by crane, thus completing the processing.

[0055] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A special forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts, characterized in that, It includes a base (1), a tool system (2), and a fixture system (3); The cavity component (100) to be tested is placed horizontally on the base (1); The clamping system (3) is mounted on the base (1) for clamping and fixing the cavity part (100); The tool system (2) is located on the base (1) at the unclosed end of the cavity part (100). The tool system (2) includes an outer sleeve (21), an inner sleeve (22), a milling cutter bar (23), an outer sleeve translation device, an outer sleeve support device, an inner sleeve translation device, and a milling cutter bar drive device. The outer sleeve (21) and the inner sleeve (22) are hollow inside and extend along the axial direction of the cavity part (100). The outer sleeve (21) is connected to the outer sleeve translation device. The outer sleeve translation device is located on the base (1) to drive the outer sleeve (21) to translate along the axial direction of the cavity part (100) into and out of the cavity part (100). The outer sleeve support device is located on the upper and lower surfaces of the outer sleeve (21) to support the outer sleeve (21) between the upper and lower surfaces of the cavity part (100) after the outer sleeve (21) is translated to a specified position inside the cavity part (100). The inner sleeve (22) is slidably connected inside the outer sleeve (21), and the inner sleeve translation device is set between the outer sleeve (21) and the inner sleeve (22) for driving the inner sleeve (22) to extend and retract along the axial direction of the cavity part (100) inside the outer sleeve (21); The milling cutter bar (23) is rotatably connected to the front end of the inner sleeve (22) and perpendicular to the inner surface of the cavity part (100). The milling cutter bar drive device is disposed on the inner sleeve (22) and is connected to the milling cutter bar (23) for driving the milling cutter bar (23) to rotate.

2. A special forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer sleeve translation device includes a drive motor A (241), a gear A (242), a rack A (243), and a cross roller guide (244). The rack A (243) is fixed on the outer sleeve (21) along the axial direction of the cavity part (100). The drive motor A (241) is mounted on the base (1). The gear A (242) is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor A (241) and meshes with the rack A (243). The cross roller guide (244) is connected between the outer sleeve (21) and the base (1) along the axial direction of the cavity part (100).

3. A special forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are two cross roller guides (244). Two parallel guide rail mounting brackets (245) are provided on the base (1) on both sides of the outer jacket (21). The two cross roller guides (244) are respectively connected between the two guide rail mounting brackets (245) and the two sides of the outer jacket (21).

4. A special forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer jacket support device includes several support cylinders (25), which are distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the outer jacket (21), with their telescopic ends facing the inner wall of the cavity part (100).

5. A special forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner sleeve translation device includes a drive motor B (261), a gear B (262), a rack B (263), a linear guide rail (264), and a slider. The linear guide rail (264) is fixed axially to the inner wall of the outer sleeve (21) along the cavity part (100). The slider is fixed to the outer surface of the inner sleeve (22). The inner sleeve (22) is slidably connected to the linear guide rail (264) through the slider. The rack B (263) is fixed axially to the outer surface of the inner sleeve (22). The drive motor B (261) is installed at the rear end of the outer sleeve (21). The gear B (262) is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor B (261) and meshes with the rack B (263).

6. A special forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The milling cutter rod drive device includes a drive motor C (271), a transmission shaft (272), a bevel gear set (273), and multiple bearing seats (274). The drive motor C (271) is fixed at the rear end of the inner sleeve (22). The transmission shaft (272) extends axially along the cavity part (100) and is spaced and supported inside the inner sleeve (22) by multiple bearing seats (274). One end of the transmission shaft (272) is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor C (271) through a coupling, and the other end is connected to the input end of the bevel gear set (273). The output end of the bevel gear set (273) is connected to the milling cutter rod (23).

7. A special forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixture system (3) includes a positioning device and a clamping device. The positioning device includes a stop (31) and two symmetrically arranged inclined support blocks (32). The two inclined support blocks (32) are arranged facing each other to form a V-shaped guide seat. The V-shaped support surface matches the inclined surface at the bottom of the outer surface of the cavity part (100). The stop (31) is located at one end of the inclined support block (32) away from the tool system (2) to restrict the cavity part (100) from moving along the milling direction. The clamping device includes multiple rotary pressing cylinders (33), pressing rods (34) and pressure plates (35). The multiple rotary pressing cylinders (33) are symmetrically installed on the bases (1) on both sides of the V-shaped guide seat. The lower end of the pressing rod (34) is connected to the piston end of the rotary pressing cylinder (33), and the upper end is connected to the pressure plate (35). The rotary pressing cylinder (33) can drive the pressure plate (35) to rotate above the cavity part (100) and press it down.

8. A special forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a chip removal system (4) comprising a coolant nozzle, a chip removal port (41), a chip removal track (42), and a chip removal box (43). The coolant nozzle is installed on the inner sleeve (22) near the end of the milling cutter bar (23) and facing the machining area of ​​the cavity part (100). The coolant nozzle is connected to an external coolant circulation system through a coolant pipe. The chip removal port (41) is opened on the base (1) below the unclosed end of the cavity part (100). The chip removal track (42) is inclinedly arranged below the chip removal port (41). The chip removal box (43) is connected to the lower end of the chip removal track (42).

9. A special forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) includes a top plate (11) and a bracket (12). The top plate (11) is an integral cast steel structure with an open top and is horizontally installed on the top of the bracket (12). The bracket (12) is provided with leveling and shock-absorbing pads (13) at the bottom.

10. A special forming milling machine for machining semi-enclosed thin-walled annular cavity parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the outer jacket (21) is provided with a number of roller assemblies (5), which are tactilely connected to the bottom of the inner surface of the cavity part (100).

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