Composite particles for high-damping vibration-reducing concrete, high-damping vibration-reducing concrete, and method for producing the same

Abstract

The application provides a kind of high-damping vibration reduction concrete composite particles, high-damping vibration reduction concrete and a preparation method thereof.The core of the concrete is to use a specially-made composite particle as aggregate, which is formed into a Helmholtz resonator by saturating and impregnating a base material particle with macroscopic pores and hollow cavities with liquid rubber.Then, by mass percentage, the composite particles 30%-50%, cementitious materials 20%-30%, fine aggregate 15%-25% and water reducing agent 0.5%-1% are dry mixed, wet mixed, poured and standard cured, successfully solving the technical problem that high strength and high damping performance of concrete cannot be compatible, and can be widely used in building shock absorption and sound insulation fields.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building functional materials, and particularly relates to a composite particle for high-damping vibration-reducing concrete, high-damping vibration-reducing concrete and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing concrete material has a technical contradiction that high strength and high damping performance are incompatible: the traditional concrete has high compressive strength, but is brittle, has low damping ratio (usually less than 0.05), and has weak vibration damping and energy dissipation capacity, and cannot meet the demand of building sound insulation and shock absorption; and the existing damping modified concrete (such as concrete mixed with rubber powder) can improve the damping ratio, but will greatly reduce the strength of the concrete (usually by more than 30%), and has high cost, and is difficult to be applied on a large scale.

[0003] Chinese patent CN101172820A discloses a preparation method of high-strength high-damping concrete, in which light aggregate is vacuumized (negative pressure 0.05-0.1 MPa), then polymer emulsion (such as carboxyl styrene latex) is injected under negative pressure, and the emulsion is kept for a period of time to replace the air in the pores, the light aggregate after being filled with liquid is immersed in a high-strength paste composed of cement, silica fume, polymer emulsion, polypropylene fiber and the like, and then is taken out and cured, so as to form a 0.5-1.0 mm thick "high-strength high-density layer" on the surface of the light aggregate, and a kind of concrete admixture is formed, so as to improve the strength and damping performance of the concrete. However, the main body of the concrete is still a rigid skeleton (ordinary gravel + cement paste), and the pretreated light aggregate is only an "adulterant", the damping function of which is difficult to fully play, and the damping performance of the whole is limited. The cement-based shell on the surface of the pretreated light aggregate is combined with the concrete matrix in a "hard-hard" manner, and the interface damping effect is weak.

[0004] At the same time, the current building sound insulation floor mostly adopts a composite structure of "concrete base layer + auxiliary shock absorption layer", and has problems of large thickness (usually not less than 170 mm), large loss of floor net height, complex construction process and the like, and a single material replacement scheme with high strength, high damping and low cost is urgently needed. Therefore, the present application arises at the historic moment.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background art part of the present application is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background art of the present application, and should not be regarded as acknowledging or implying in any form that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of providing the summary is to introduce some concepts which will be further described in the following detailed description in a simplified manner. The summary is not intended to determine the key or important features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an auxiliary means to determine the scope of the claimed subject matter.

[0007] The present application provides a kind of high damping concrete for composite particles, comprising:

[0008] The substrate particles are porous particles formed by bonding fine particles smaller than the particle size of the substrate particles with an elastic adhesive, and the surface of the porous particles forms macroscopic pores and at least one hollow cavity;

[0009] The damping energy dissipation layer is formed by impregnating the macroscopic pores and hollow cavities of the substrate particles with liquid rubber and then curing, and the hollow cavities are coated with the damping energy dissipation layer to form a Helmholtz resonator.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes shape memory alloy wires attached to the substrate particles.

[0011] Preferably, the shape memory alloy wires are Ni-Ti shape memory alloy wires with a diameter of 0.05-0.2 mm and a phase transition temperature of 20-30°C.

[0012] Preferably, the particle size of the substrate particles is 5-20 mm, and the porosity is ≥40%.

[0013] Preferably, the hollow cavities are filled with sound-absorbing materials.

[0014] Preferably, the loading amount of the liquid rubber is 30%-50% of the mass of the substrate particles.

[0015] The present application achieves at least one of the following beneficial effects using the above scheme:

[0016] Multi-stage shock absorption enhancement: when vibrations are transmitted, the rubber layer dissipates energy first, and then the shape memory alloy wires dissipate energy again through the phase transition process of "deformation-recovery", further increasing the damping ratio of the concrete to ≥0.22; the particle rubber provides viscoelastic energy dissipation, and the shape memory alloy wires attached to the surface dissipate energy again through phase transition (deformation-recovery), forming a high-efficiency damping structure with "internal and external cooperation and active and passive combination".

[0017] Matrix embedded reinforcement: the "fluffy structure" of the alloy wires increases the contact area between the particles and the cement matrix, allowing the concrete to maintain a compressive strength of ≥C30 while improving the crack resistance by 35%.

[0018] Environmental adaptability optimization: the phase transition temperature of the Ni-Ti alloy wires matches the commonly used environmental temperature of buildings, and the shock absorption performance can still be stable when the temperature fluctuates.

[0019] The through hollow cavities inside the particles are designed as Helmholtz resonators, which can work synergistically with the rubber inside the cavities to dissipate sound energy of specific frequencies (especially low and medium frequencies), significantly improving sound absorption and sound insulation performance.

[0020] Broadband vibration and sound absorption: combines the three mechanisms of porous material sound absorption, resonance sound absorption and damping vibration reduction, effectively works in a wide frequency band, and has good inhibitory effect on vibration and air sound.

[0021] Strong performance designability: by adjusting the size (diameter, depth) of the Helmholtz resonance cavity, the resonance frequency can be accurately controlled, so that the product can adapt to different target sound insulation frequency requirements and has a wide range of applications.

[0022] Innovative base material: the base material particles are bonded by fine aggregate, which avoids the problem of rubber penetration caused by the hard shell on the surface of traditional sintered haydite, and ensures that liquid rubber can saturate the internal interconnected pores.

[0023] The application also provides a high-damping vibration reduction concrete, which comprises, by mass percentage:

[0024] The composite particles according to any one of the above 30%-50%;

[0025] Cementitious material 20%-30%;

[0026] Fine aggregate 15%-25%;

[0027] Water reducing agent 0.5%-1%;

[0028] Water, and the mass ratio of water to the cementitious material (water-cement ratio) is 0.4-0.5.

[0029] Preferably, the cementitious material is a mixture of cement and fly ash, and the mass ratio of cement to fly ash is 2:1-3:1.

[0030] The application has the following at least one beneficial effect by using the above scheme:

[0031] The technical contradiction that traditional concrete cannot have both high strength and high damping is fundamentally solved. The compressive strength of the concrete is greater than or equal to C30 (even up to more than 35MPa), and the damping ratio is greater than or equal to 0.15 (3-4 times that of traditional concrete), achieving perfect unification of high strength and high damping.

[0032] The vibration reduction efficiency is improved by more than 60%, and the sound absorption coefficient of low-frequency (200-1000Hz) sound can be improved to more than 0.8, and the comprehensive sound insulation and noise reduction performance is excellent.

[0033] When used for sound insulation floor, the thickness of the single-body material structure can be reduced to 80-100mm, which is 20%-30% thinner than the traditional composite structure (usually greater than or equal to 170mm) of “concrete base layer + shock absorption layer”, and the corresponding floor net height is increased by more than 20mm, improving the space utilization rate.

[0034] As a single material system, it avoids the problems of interlayer separation and poor durability commonly seen in composite structures, has the same service life as the main building structure, and has low maintenance costs.

[0035] The strong interfacial bonding between the composite particles and the cement matrix, as well as the micro-reinforcing effect of the alloy wire in the matrix, enables the concrete to maintain high strength while improving crack resistance by about 35%.

[0036] The core aggregate (composite particle) itself has a hollow porous structure, which helps to reduce the overall density of the concrete and reduce the self-weight of the structure.

[0037] The application also provides a preparation method of the high-damping vibration-reducing concrete, comprising the following steps:

[0038] The composite particles, cementitious materials, and fine aggregate are put into a mixer for dry mixing, and mixed for 1-2 min to form a mixture;

[0039] The water reducing agent is dissolved in water, and then the water solution of the water reducing agent is added to the mixer, and the stirring is continued for 3-5 min to form a uniform concrete mixture;

[0040] The concrete mixture is poured into a mold and vibrated and compacted, and then cured at a temperature of 20±2℃ and a humidity of ≥95% for 7-28 days.

[0041] Preferably, the preparation of the composite particles comprises:

[0042] Select a hollow high-porosity substrate particle with a porosity of ≥40%, and provide a hollow cavity inside;

[0043] The substrate particle is immersed in liquid rubber under a pressure of 0.1-0.3 MPa for 2-4 h, so that the liquid rubber saturates and fills the pores of the substrate particle, and coats the hollow cavity to form a Helmholtz resonator cavity, and the composite particle is obtained after drying.

[0044] Preferably, the substrate particle is a lightweight ceramsite or a porous slag.

[0045] The above scheme of the application has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0046] Simple process, strong compatibility: the preparation process (dry mixing → wet mixing → pouring and curing) is fully compatible with the production process of ordinary concrete, no special or complex equipment is needed, and it is easy to promote on a large scale in existing mixing stations.

[0047] Convenient construction, integrated molding: it can be directly poured and molded, eliminating the need for multiple construction processes (such as laying elastic cushioning layers) required by traditional composite floors, simplifying the construction process, shortening the construction period, and ensuring the uniformity of quality.

[0048] Cost controllable and economical: the preparation cost of the damping particles is only 1 / 2 of the traditional solid rubber aggregate, the comprehensive cost of the final concrete product is equivalent to that of ordinary C30 concrete, far lower than that of ordinary rubber concrete or composite soundproof floor, and it has economic feasibility for large-scale application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 The structure of the substrate particles in the application is expressed.

[0050] Figure 2 The cross-section of the composite particles for high-damping and vibration-reducing concrete in the application is expressed.

[0051] Figure 3 The grading of the high-damping and vibration-reducing concrete in the application is expressed.

[0052] Figure 4 The structure of the substrate particles in the application is expressed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The preferred embodiments in the following description are only examples, and other obvious variations can be conceived by those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the application defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, variations, improvements, equivalents and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the application.

[0054] Comparative Example 1:

[0055] Raw materials (parts by weight):

[0056] Ordinary crushed stone aggregate (particle size 5-20 mm): 100 parts; cement (P·O 42.5): 35 parts; silica fume (SiO2 content ≥ 90%): 5 parts; polymer emulsion (carboxyl styrene latex, solid content 40%): 8 parts; polypropylene fiber (length 6 mm, diameter 20 μm): 0.3 parts; water reducing agent (naphthalene-based high-efficiency water reducing agent): 0.8 parts; water: 14 parts (water-binder ratio 0.4, cementing material cement + silica fume, total 40 parts);

[0057] Pretreated lightweight aggregate (prepared according to CN101172820A method: lightweight ceramsite is vacuumed to -0.08 MPa, carboxyl styrene latex is injected, soaked for 1 h, then taken out, and wrapped with cement-silica fume paste to form a 1 mm thick hard shell): 30 parts.

[0058] Process:

[0059] Preparation of pretreated lightweight aggregate: Put lightweight ceramsite (porosity 35%) with particle size of 5-10 mm into a vacuum tank, vacuumize to -0.08 MPa and keep for 30 min; inject carboxyl styrene-butadiene latex (solid content 40%) into the tank, soak for 1 h after returning to normal pressure, so that the latex fills the pores of the ceramsite; take out and put into a cement-silica paste (mass ratio 9:1) to roll, so that a 1 mm thick high-strength dense layer is formed on the surface of the ceramsite, and then air dry for standby.

[0060] Dry mixing: Put ordinary crushed stone aggregate, pretreated lightweight aggregate, cement, silica fume and polypropylene fiber into a mixer, dry mix for 2 min to ensure uniform mixing of solid raw materials.

[0061] Wet mixing and grouting: Dissolve water reducing agent in water, stir uniformly, then pour into the mixer, and slowly add polymer emulsion, continue to stir for 4 min to form a uniform concrete mixture (slump controlled at 180±10 mm).

[0062] Pouring and curing: Pour the mixture into a 100 mm×100 mm×100 mm mold, and vibrate to compact (vibration frequency 50 Hz, vibration time 20 s); store in a standard curing room at a temperature of 20±2℃ and a humidity of ≥95% for 28 days, and avoid collision or water loss of the test block during the period.

[0063] Example 1:

[0064] See Figures 1-4 wherein:

[0065] Figure 1 Aim to show the high-porous macroscopic surface and hollow cavity of the substrate particles; Figure 2 Aim to show the macroscopic pore effect of the liquid rubber impregnated substrate particles; Figure 3 Aim to show the distribution of the materials of the high-damping vibration reduction concrete; Figure 4 Aim to show the adhesion effect of the shape memory alloy wire and the substrate particles.

[0066] The embodiment provides a composite particle for high-damping vibration reduction concrete, which comprises substrate particles and a damping energy dissipation layer. The substrate particles are porous particles formed by bonding fine particles smaller than the particle size of the substrate particles by an elastic adhesive, the surface of the porous particles forms a macroscopic pore, and at least one hollow cavity 10 is formed; the damping energy dissipation layer is formed by impregnating the macroscopic pores and the hollow cavity 10 of the substrate particles with liquid rubber 11 and then solidifying, and the hollow cavity 10 is covered by the damping energy dissipation layer to form a Helmholtz resonance cavity.

[0067] Further, the substrate particle is a porous structure formed by bonding fine particles with a particle size of 0.5-2mm by an elastic adhesive. The porous structure is preferably implemented to have through macro-pores and at least one through hollow cavity 10 formed in the interior and surface. Specifically, the substrate particle is a porous hollow structure with a particle size of 5-20mm formed by bonding fine particles with a particle size of 0.5-2mm. The porosity of the macro-pores is preferably ≥40%. Further, the elastic adhesive is one of a two-component polyurethane adhesive, a room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, or a toughened epoxy resin adhesive. After the substrate particle is formed, the substrate particle is immersed in liquid rubber 11 to saturate and immerse the macro-pores and the hollow cavity 10 of the substrate particle under a pressure of 0.1-0.3MPa for 2-4h, and is cured to form the composite particle of the embodiment. Preferably, the fine particles are preferably ceramsite and slag, and more preferably, the fine particles are preferably ceramsite.

[0068] Further, it is verified by experiments that, after being saturated and immersed under a pressure of 0.1-0.3MPa for 2-4h, the hollow cavity 10 is not filled solid but forms a Helmholtz resonator cavity.

[0069] In an exemplary implementation, fine particles with a particle size of 1mm are bonded by an elastic adhesive to form a porous structure. The porous structure is preferably implemented to have through macro-pores and at least one through hollow cavity 10 formed in the interior and surface. Specifically, the substrate particle is a porous hollow structure with a particle size of 10mm formed by bonding ceramsite with a particle size of 1mm by a two-component polyurethane adhesive. The porosity of the macro-pores is preferably 40%. After the substrate particle is formed, the substrate particle is immersed in liquid rubber 11 to saturate and immerse the macro-pores and the hollow cavity 10 of the substrate particle under a pressure of 0.2MPa for 3h, and is cured to form the composite particle of the embodiment.

[0070] As a preferred implementation of the embodiment, the hollow cavity 10 is filled with sound-absorbing material. That is, the Helmholtz resonator cavity can be filled with material with an attracting function. For example, polyurethane foam and the like. This step can be obtained by stirring in the polyurethane foam after the substrate particle is formed.

[0071] Further, the damping energy dissipation layer is formed by immersing the macro-pores and the hollow cavity 10 of the substrate particle in liquid rubber 11 and curing. The liquid rubber 11 is preferably a water-based butyl rubber emulsion. The loading amount of the liquid rubber 11 is 30%-50% of the mass of the substrate particle, and is preferably 40%.

[0072] As a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the composite particles further comprise shape memory alloy wires 12 attached to the substrate particles. The shape memory alloy wires 12 are selected from Ni-Ti shape memory alloy wires 12 with a diameter of 0.05-0.2 mm and a phase transition temperature of 20-30°C. Preferably, the shape memory alloy wires 12 are selected from Ni-Ti shape memory alloy wires 12 with a diameter of 0.1 mm and a phase transition temperature of 30°C.

[0073] Specifically, after the liquid rubber 11 is saturatedly immersed, the shape memory alloy wires 12 are uniformly adsorbed on the surface of the substrate particles:

[0074] The Ni-Ti shape memory alloy wires 12 with a diameter of 0.05-0.2 mm (with a phase transition temperature of 20-30°C, suitable for the temperature of the building environment) are selected;

[0075] The substrate particles after immersion are placed in the alloy wire powder, and the alloy wires are uniformly attached to the surface of the particles through adhesive adsorption, forming a composite structure of "rubber wrapping + alloy wire coating";

[0076] After drying, the alloy wires are tightly combined with the rubber layer, so that the surface of the shock-absorbing damping particles presents a "fluffy" shape, enhancing the embedded property with the concrete matrix and forming a three-dimensional interwoven structure in the concrete matrix.

[0077] It should be noted that the above parameters are intended to provide a preferred embodiment and are not the only limitation. The above parameters such as particle size, diameter, temperature, etc. are only used as a reference for a preferred embodiment and are not limited herein.

[0078] Embodiment 2:

[0079] Please refer to Figures 1-4 The present embodiment provides a high-damping vibration-reducing concrete. The raw materials include, by mass percentage, 30% of composite particles, 20% of cementitious materials, 15% of fine aggregate, 0.5%-1% of water reducing agent, and water. The mass ratio of water to cementitious materials, i.e., the water-cement ratio, is 0.4. The cementitious materials are a mixture of cement and fly ash, and the mass ratio of cement to fly ash is 2:1. The fine aggregate is sand, and the water reducing agent can be a commercially available polycarboxylic acid-based water reducing agent.

[0080] Preparation steps:

[0081] Preparation of composite particles: fine ceramic particles with a particle size of 0.5 mm are bonded by a two-component polyurethane adhesive to form a porous hollow structure with a particle size of 5 mm. The porosity of the macroscopic pores is preferably = 40%. The hollow ceramic particles with a hollow cavity diameter of 2 mm and a depth of 5 mm are used as base particles, immersed in a butyl rubber emulsion, impregnated at a pressure of 0.2 MPa for 3 h, and dried to obtain rubber-impregnated particles. The rubber loading of the energy dissipation filler layer formed is 30% of the mass of the base particles. Then it is placed in a suspension of Ni-Ti shape memory alloy wires with a diameter of 0.1 mm, and the alloy wires are uniformly attached to the surface of the particles by electrostatic adsorption. After drying, the composite particles for high-damping vibration-reducing concrete are obtained. Further, if the hollow cavity is filled with sound-absorbing material, high-performance sound-absorbing material (such as melamine foam, ultra-fine glass wool) is made into microparticles or short fibers, and then the fine ceramic particles with a particle size of 0.5 mm are directly coated with a two-component polyurethane adhesive to form a pre-filled method. The size of the microparticles or short fibers is not greater than the size of the pre-calculated hollow cavity.

[0082] The above composite particles, cementitious materials, and fine aggregates are put into a mixer for dry mixing, mixed for 1 min to form a mixture. Then, the water reducing agent is dissolved in water, and then the water reducing agent solution is added to the mixer, and the mixing is continued for 3 min to form a uniform concrete mixture. Finally, the concrete mixture is poured into a mold to form a 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm test block, and after vibration and compaction, it is cured under the conditions of a temperature of 18℃ and a humidity of ≥95% for 7 days.

[0083] Example 3:

[0084] Please refer to Figures 1-4 The present embodiment provides a high-damping vibration-reducing concrete, which comprises, by mass percentage, composite particles 40%, cementitious materials 25%, fine aggregates 20%, water reducing agent 0.8%, and water. The mass ratio of water to cementitious materials, i.e., the water-cement ratio, is 0.45. The cementitious materials are a mixture of cement and fly ash, and the mass ratio of cement to fly ash is 2:1. The fine aggregates are sand, and the water reducing agent is a commercially available polycarboxylic acid-based water reducing agent.

[0085] Preparation steps:

[0086] Preparation of composite particles: fine ceramic particles with a particle size of 1 mm are bonded by a toughening epoxy resin adhesive to form a porous hollow structure with a particle size of 10 mm. The macro-porosity of the macro-porous structure is preferably = 50%. The hollow ceramic particles with a hollow cavity of 4 mm in diameter and a depth of 10 mm are used as base particles, immersed in a butyl rubber emulsion, impregnated at a pressure of 0.1 MPa for 4 h, and dried to obtain rubber-impregnated particles. The rubber loading of the energy dissipation filling layer formed is 40% of the mass of the base particles. Then, the particles are placed in a suspension of Ni-Ti shape memory alloy wires with a diameter of 0.05 mm, and the alloy wires are uniformly attached to the surface of the particles by electrostatic adsorption. After drying, the composite particles for high-damping vibration-reducing concrete are obtained. Further, if the hollow cavity is filled with sound-absorbing material, high-performance sound-absorbing material (such as melamine foam, ultra-fine glass wool) is made into microparticles or short fibers, and then the fine ceramic particles with a particle size of 4 mm are directly coated with the high-performance sound-absorbing material using a device by means of a two-component polyurethane adhesive. This is a pre-filling method. The size of the microparticles or short fibers is not greater than the size of the pre-calculated hollow cavity.

[0087] The above-mentioned composite particles, cementitious material, and fine aggregate are put into a mixer for dry mixing, mixed for 1.5 min to form a mixture. Then, the water-reducing agent is dissolved in water, and then the water-soluble solution of the water-reducing agent is added to the mixer, and the mixing is continued for 4 min to form a uniform concrete mixture. Finally, the concrete mixture is poured into a mold to form a 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm test block, and after being vibrated and compacted, the test block is cured under the conditions of a temperature of 20℃ and a humidity of ≥ 95% for 20 days.

[0088] Example 4:

[0089] Please refer to Figures 1-4 The present embodiment provides a high-damping vibration-reducing concrete, which comprises, by mass percentage, 50% of composite particles, 30% of cementitious material, 25% of fine aggregate, 1% of water-reducing agent, and water. The mass ratio of water to cementitious material, i.e., the water-cement ratio, is 0.5. The cementitious material is a mixture of cement and fly ash, and the mass ratio of cement to fly ash is 3:1. The fine aggregate is sand, and the water-reducing agent is a commercially available polycarboxylate-based water-reducing agent.

[0090] Preparation steps:

[0091] Preparation of composite particles: fine slag with a particle size of 2 mm is bonded by two-component polyurethane adhesive to form a porous hollow structure with a particle size of 20 mm, and the porosity of the macroscopic pores is preferably = 80%. The hollow through slag with an internal hollow cavity diameter of 5 mm and a depth of 8 mm as a base material particle is immersed in a butyl rubber emulsion, impregnated at a pressure of 0.3 MPa for 4 h, and after drying, a rubber impregnated particle is prepared; the rubber loading of the energy dissipation filling layer formed is 50% of the mass of the base material particle. Then it is placed in a Ni-Ti shape memory alloy wire suspension with a diameter of 0.2 mm, and the alloy wire is uniformly attached to the surface of the particle by electrostatic adsorption, and after drying, a composite particle for high-damping vibration-reducing concrete is obtained. Further, if the hollow cavity is filled with sound-absorbing material, high-performance sound-absorbing material (such as melamine foam, ultra-fine glass wool) is made into microparticles or short fibers, and then the fine slag with a particle size of 2 mm is directly coated on the high-performance sound-absorbing material using equipment by two-component polyurethane adhesive, which is a pre-filling method. The size of the microparticles or short fibers is not greater than the size of the pre-calculated hollow cavity.

[0092] The above-mentioned composite particles, cementitious materials, and fine aggregates are put into a mixer for dry mixing, mixed for 2 min to form a mixture. Then, the water reducing agent is dissolved in water, and then the water reducing agent aqueous solution is added to the mixer, and the stirring is continued for 5 min to form a uniform concrete mixture; finally, the concrete mixture is poured into a mold to form a 100mm×100mm×100mm test block, and after vibration and compaction, the test block is standardly cured at a temperature of 22℃ and a humidity of ≥95% for 28 days.

[0093] Effect implementation example:

[0094] Unified test method and test piece size:

[0095]

[0096] Performance comparison summary table:

[0097]

[0098] The core reason is:

[0099] I. The comparative material only relies on "pretreated light aggregate (hard shell wrapped rubber)" as a small amount of admixture, and the whole is still a "rigid skeleton + local damping" structure, and the interface "hard-hard" combination leads to the inability of the damping to be fully transmitted; and the composite particles of the present application take "rubber filled pores + alloy wire surface attached" as the core to form an "internal and external synergistic energy dissipation" structure, and the "fluffy" design of the alloy wire enhances the embedded property with the matrix, both retaining strength and maximizing damping effect.

[0100] II. Structure optimization: from "composite layering" to "single material", taking into account lightness, thinness and durability.

[0101] The comparative material (including the traditional sound insulation floor) needs to rely on the composite structure of "concrete base layer + auxiliary damping layer (such as elastic pad)", and the present application realizes the integration of single material with multiple functions, and has obvious advantages:

[0102] Thickness and space utilization: the thickness of the composite structure of the comparative material is greater than or equal to 170 mm, the thickness of the single material of the present application is only 80-100 mm, which is reduced by 20%-30%, and the net height of the corresponding floor is increased by greater than or equal to 20 mm, which is especially suitable for scenes with high space demand such as residences and office buildings.

[0103] Interlayer reliability: the composite structure of the comparative material is prone to interlayer separation (such as aging of the damping pad and peeling off from the concrete base layer) due to temperature changes and vibrations, and the durability is only 15-20 years; the present application is a single material system with the same service life (greater than or equal to 50 years) as the main structure of the building, and there is no risk of interlayer failure.

[0104] Density and self-weight: the comparative material contains ordinary crushed stone aggregate, and the density is about 2400 kg / m 3 ; the composite particles of the present application have a hollow porous structure, and the overall density of the concrete is reduced to 2100-2200 kg / m 3 , which reduces the self-weight of the structure by about 10% and reduces the cost of building foundation load.

[0105] III. Cost control: considering high performance and economy, it has conditions for large-scale application;

[0106] The comparative material is difficult to popularize due to complex process and high raw material cost, while the present application has obvious advantages in cost:

[0107]

[0108] The present application does not need complex processes such as "vacuum extraction - latex soaking - hard shell coating", and the liquid rubber load can be controlled (only 30%-50% of the mass of the base material), and the raw material utilization rate is high; at the same time, the preparation process is compatible with the existing mixing station, and no new equipment needs to be added, which greatly reduces the promotion threshold.

[0109] IV. Construction convenience: simplify the process, improve efficiency and quality stability;

[0110] The construction of the comparative material needs to be coordinated in multiple processes, and quality fluctuations are prone to occur, and the construction advantages of the present application are as follows:

[0111] Process simplification: the comparative material needs to first pour the concrete base layer, lay the damping pad after curing, and then pour the surface layer (a total of 3-4 processes), and the construction period is about 7 days per layer; the present application can be formed by pouring once, the process is reduced by 60%, the construction period is shortened to 3 days per layer, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved.

[0112] Controllability of quality: the pre-treatment of the light aggregate of the comparative material needs to be prepared separately, and if the latex filling is uneven and the thickness of the hard shell is inconsistent, it will lead to fluctuations in the performance of the concrete; the composite particles of the application realize saturated filling of rubber through "pressure impregnation (0.1-0.3 MPa)", and the performance uniformity is high, and the dry mixing-wet mixing process is standardized, and the quality stability is improved by more than 40%.

[0113] Compatibility: the polymer emulsion of the comparative material is prone to compatibility problems (such as flocculation) with some water reducing agents, and special raw materials need to be customized; the application uses conventional polycarboxylic acid-based water reducing agents, which are compatible with cementing materials and composite particles, and do not require special raw material adaptation, reducing the difficulty of construction.

[0114] The application comprehensively surpasses the prior art (CN101172820A scheme) in terms of compressive strength, damping ratio, sound insulation performance, crack resistance, structure lightening and durability through the innovative design of "porous substrate + saturated damping layer + alloy wire attachment" of the composite particles combined with standardized preparation process. It not only solves the core contradiction of "high strength and high damping cannot be achieved simultaneously" in the industry, but also has the advantages of convenient construction and controllable cost, and can be widely used to replace traditional composite sound insulation and vibration reduction structures, and applied to residential, commercial buildings, special venues and other scenes, and has high engineering promotion value.

[0115] Further, the above embodiments of the application are described in detail in combination with the drawings, and those of ordinary skill in the art can make various changes to the application according to the above description. Therefore, some details in the embodiments should not constitute a limitation on the application, and the scope of protection of the application will be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A composite particle for high-damping vibration-reducing concrete, characterized in that, It comprises: a substrate particle, which is a porous particle formed by bonding fine particles smaller than the particle size of the substrate particle with an elastic adhesive, the surface of the porous particle forming a macroscopic pore, and having at least one hollow cavity; a damping energy dissipation layer formed by impregnating the macroscopic pores and hollow cavities of the substrate particle with liquid rubber and solidifying, the hollow cavities being coated with the damping energy dissipation layer to form a Helmholtz resonance cavity.

2. The composite particle for high-damping concrete according to claim 1, wherein It also comprises a shape memory alloy wire attached to the substrate particle.

3. The composite particle for high-damping concrete according to claim 2, wherein The shape memory alloy wire is selected from a Ni-Ti shape memory alloy wire with a diameter of 0.05-0.2 mm and a phase transition temperature of 20-30℃.

4. The composite particle for high-damping concrete according to claim 1, wherein The particle size of the substrate particle is 5-20 mm, and the porosity is ≥40%.

5. The composite particle for high-damping concrete according to claim 1, wherein The hollow cavity is filled with sound-absorbing material.

6. The composite particle for high-damping concrete according to claim 1, wherein The loading amount of the liquid rubber is 30%-50% of the mass of the substrate particle.

7. A high damping vibration reducing concrete, characterized by, It comprises, by mass percentage: 30%-50% of the composite particle according to any one of claims 1-6; 20%-30% of a cementitious material; 15%-25% of fine aggregate; 0.5%-1% of water-reducing agent; water, and the mass ratio of water to the cementitious material, i.e., the water-cement ratio, is 0.4-0.

5.

8. The high-damping concrete of claim 7, wherein The cementitious material is a mixture of cement and fly ash, and the mass ratio of cement to fly ash is 2:1-3:

1.

9. A method of producing high-damping vibration-damping concrete as claimed in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: dry-mixing the composite particle, cementitious material, and fine aggregate in a mixer for 1-2 min to form a mixture; dissolving the water-reducing agent in water, then adding the water-reducing agent solution to the mixer, and continuing to stir for 3-5 min to form a uniform concrete mixture; casting the concrete mixture into a mold, compacting it by vibration, and then curing it under the conditions of a temperature of 20±2℃ and a humidity of ≥95% for 7-28 days.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The preparation of the composite particle comprises: selecting a hollow high-porosity substrate particle with a porosity of ≥40% and an internal hollow cavity; immersing the substrate particle in liquid rubber under a pressure of 0.1-0.3 MPa for 2-4 h to saturate the liquid rubber in the pores of the substrate particle and coat the hollow cavity to form a Helmholtz resonance cavity, and then drying to obtain the composite particle.

11. The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The substrate particle is lightweight ceramsite or porous slag.

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