A roof tile profiled fitting and a method of making the same

Abstract

The application discloses a roof tile special-shaped accessory and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of building materials. The application introduces borax and water glass with a specific proportion into the blank body as a sintering aid to promote the blank body to have excellent sintering effect, and adds frit A and frit B into the glaze layer. The frit A is rich in alkali metal oxides, can effectively reduce the glaze melting temperature and provide good luster, and the frit B helps to improve the glaze hardness and thermal stability. The two cooperate with each other, make the glaze layer and the blank body firmly combined, and also add an antibacterial agent into the glaze layer, so that the glaze layer not only has a decorative effect, but also has a protection function. Overall, the combination of the blank body and the glaze layer is excellent, and the blank body is not easy to crack during use, has excellent mechanical strength, low water absorption and excellent freeze-thaw resistance, can meet the harsh requirements of complex roof structure on the accessory, and guarantees the long-term stability and service life of the roof tile special-shaped accessory.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building materials technology, and more specifically, to a special-shaped roof tile accessory and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Roofing tiles, as an important covering material for building roofs, play a crucial role in roofing systems with their shaped accessories (such as ridge tiles, eaves tiles, and corner tiles) serving functions such as connection, edge finishing, and decoration. Traditional roofing tile accessories often use a white base, with raw materials primarily consisting of kaolin, black clay, and white clay. While this system meets basic usage requirements to some extent, it presents several problems in actual production and application: Firstly, the traditional white base formula requires high firing temperatures, typically above 1100℃, which increases energy consumption and production costs, and places higher demands on kiln equipment. Secondly, firing at higher temperatures results in poor bonding between the body and glaze layer, easily leading to problems such as body-glaze peeling and cracking, severely affecting the product's lifespan and waterproofing performance. Furthermore, the white base visually clashes with the common red roofing tile system, affecting the overall aesthetics of the building roof. To address these issues, the industry has attempted to develop shaped accessories with a red base.

[0003] Existing red slurry systems face numerous technical challenges in actual preparation: First, the strong thixotropic nature of red slurry makes it difficult to control its fluidity, leading to difficulties in injection molding; second, the poor absorption of red slurry in the mold results in uneven density of the molded body, making it prone to defects; third, existing red body base formulations have narrow firing temperature windows, low process stability, and low product yield. For example, Chinese patent application CN202410670627.1 discloses a glazed tile containing fly ash and its preparation method. The glazed tile includes a body and a glaze covering the surface of the body. This solution not only consumes fly ash, a hazardous waste, but also reduces the production cost of glazed tiles, offering the advantage of resource-based treatment of fly ash. For example, Chinese patent application number CN202511072577.8 discloses a method for preparing high-strength sintered tiles. The method includes the following steps: (1) crushing and sieving the raw material, adding water, ball milling, and spray drying to obtain powder; (2) pressing the powder obtained in step (1) into a blank; drying the blank to obtain a tile blank; (3) coating the tile blank obtained in step (2) with glaze, drying to obtain a glazed tile blank; sintering the glazed tile blank, and then cooling it to room temperature to obtain the tile blank. The high-strength sintered tiles obtained by this method have high bending strength, high thermal stability, low water absorption, and good frost resistance, and have broad application prospects. However, the above solution does not solve the problem of poor bonding between the blank and the glaze. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a special-shaped roof tile accessory and its manufacturing method, the specific technical solution of which is as follows:

[0005] A roof tile shaped fitting, the roof tile shaped fitting comprising a blank body and a glaze layer covering the blank body;

[0006] The green body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts clay, 10-13 parts kaolin, 25-30 parts quartz sand, 10-13 parts feldspar powder, 1-3 parts alumina, 1-2 parts binder, 0.1-0.5 parts sintering aid, 0.05-1 part dispersant, 0.01-0.08 parts thickener, and 0-5 parts colorant;

[0007] The glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-15 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of clay, 10-15 parts of frit A, 7-10 parts of frit B, 1-2 parts of opacifier, 0.1-0.5 parts of flux, 0.01-1 part of dispersant, 0.01-3 parts of antibacterial agent, and 0.5-3 parts of colorant;

[0008] The frit A comprises the following chemical composition by mass percentage: SiO2: 48-55%, Al2O3: 10-12%, K2O: 7-10%, Na2O: 8-12%, B2O3: 5-8%, CaO: 1-3%, MgO: 1-3%, ZnO: 1-2%;

[0009] The frit B comprises the following chemical composition by mass percentage: SiO2: 50-60%, Al2O3: 12-18%, Li2O: 1-8%, ZrO2: 1-7%, MgO: 1-3%, TiO2: 1-5%, ZnO: 1-2%, P2O5: 0.1-1%;

[0010] The method for preparing the antibacterial agent in the glaze layer is as follows: Cerium chloride and nano zinc oxide are mixed, then sodium tripolyphosphate and silane coupling agent are added, heated to 45℃~65℃, and stirred at 50r / min~100r / min for 30min~60min. Then triethanolamine and polyquaternium salt 126 are added, and stirring is continued for 20min~30min to obtain the antibacterial agent.

[0011] Furthermore, the adhesive is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, and water-based paraffin.

[0012] Furthermore, the sintering aid in the green body is a mixture of borax and water glass in a mass ratio of (1~5):(1~2).

[0013] Furthermore, the dispersant in the preform is at least one of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium polyacrylate, organosilicon-modified sodium phosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate.

[0014] Furthermore, the thickener in the preform is at least one of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and starch.

[0015] Furthermore, the opacifier in the glaze layer is titanium dioxide.

[0016] Furthermore, the dispersant in the glaze layer is at least one of organosilicon-modified sodium phosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate.

[0017] Further, by weight, the ratio of cerium chloride, nano zinc oxide, sodium tripolyphosphate, silane coupling agent, triethanolamine and polyquaternium salt 126 is (1~3):(1~2):(0.05~1):(7~12):(5~10):(1~3).

[0018] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing irregular roof tile fittings, the method comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. Add the raw materials for preparing the green body to a ball mill, add an appropriate amount of water, ball mill, age, and obtain a slurry;

[0020] S2. Inject the slurry into the mold of the irregular part, press it into shape, and dry it until the moisture content is 3%~5% to obtain the blank;

[0021] S3. Add the raw materials for preparing the glaze layer to a ball mill, add an appropriate amount of water, ball mill, and age to obtain a glaze slurry;

[0022] S4. Apply the glaze slurry to the blank, dry it, then heat it to 600℃ at a rate of 2~5℃ / min, and then heat it to 1060℃~1100℃ at a rate of 1℃ / min~3℃ / min. The firing cycle is 60min~120min. Cool it in the furnace to obtain the roof tile special-shaped accessory.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. This invention optimizes the raw materials for preparing the green body and the glaze layer, which helps to improve the bonding between the green body and the glaze layer. It is less prone to cracking during use, solving the problem of poor bonding and easy cracking between the green body and the glaze layer in traditional roof tile irregular fittings. Overall, it has high density, excellent mechanical strength, low water absorption and good freeze-thaw resistance, and good dimensional stability. It can meet the stringent requirements of complex roof structures for fittings, ensuring the long-term stability and service life of roof tile irregular fittings.

[0025] 2. This invention introduces a specific proportion of borax and water glass into the green body as sintering aids, resulting in excellent firing performance. Furthermore, frit A and frit B are added to the glaze layer. Frit A, rich in alkali metal oxides, effectively lowers the glaze melting temperature and provides good gloss, while frit B helps improve the glaze surface hardness and thermal stability. The synergistic effect of these two components ensures a strong bond between the glaze layer and the green body, reducing the likelihood of cracking. The resulting glaze exhibits high gloss, high hardness, and excellent durability, with superior high and low temperature resistance.

[0026] 3. The glaze layer of the present invention also contains specific antibacterial agents, which make the glaze layer not only decorative but also protective. Among them, nano zinc oxide and cerium ions may have a synergistic antibacterial effect. Combined with silane coupling agents, etc., to improve dispersion and binding, thereby improving the hygienic performance of the roofing tile and possibly having a certain photocatalytic self-cleaning potential, reducing surface dirt and microbial growth. The long-lasting and broad-spectrum antibacterial properties make the roofing tile accessories have a longer service life, significantly improving the added value and market competitiveness of the product.

[0027] 4. The glaze layer of the present invention can use a variety of colorants including cobalt, chromium, praseodymium, etc., combined with opacifiers and a stable firing process, to obtain a decorative effect with bright colors, high saturation and stable hue, and to meet diverse architectural aesthetic needs. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to its embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0030] An embodiment of the present invention provides a roof tile irregular fitting, the roof tile irregular fitting comprising a blank body and a glaze layer covering the blank body;

[0031] The green body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts clay, 10-13 parts kaolin, 25-30 parts quartz sand, 10-13 parts feldspar powder, 1-3 parts alumina, 1-2 parts binder, 0.1-0.5 parts sintering aid, 0.05-1 part dispersant, 0.01-0.08 parts thickener, and 0-5 parts colorant;

[0032] The glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-15 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of clay, 10-15 parts of frit A, 7-10 parts of frit B, 1-2 parts of opacifier, 0.1-0.5 parts of flux, 0.01-1 part of dispersant, 0.01-3 parts of antibacterial agent, and 0.5-3 parts of colorant;

[0033] The frit A comprises the following chemical composition by mass percentage: SiO2: 48-55%, Al2O3: 10-12%, K2O: 7-10%, Na2O: 8-12%, B2O3: 5-8%, CaO: 1-3%, MgO: 1-3%, ZnO: 1-2%;

[0034] The frit B comprises the following chemical composition by mass percentage: SiO2: 50-60%, Al2O3: 12-18%, Li2O: 1-8%, ZrO2: 1-7%, MgO: 1-3%, TiO2: 1-5%, ZnO: 1-2%, P2O5: 0.1-1%;

[0035] The method for preparing the antibacterial agent in the glaze layer is as follows: Cerium chloride and nano zinc oxide are mixed, then sodium tripolyphosphate and silane coupling agent are added, heated to 45℃~65℃, and stirred at 50r / min~100r / min for 30min~60min. Then triethanolamine and polyquaternium salt 126 are added, and stirring is continued for 20min~30min to obtain the antibacterial agent.

[0036] In one embodiment, the adhesive is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, and water-based paraffin.

[0037] In one embodiment, the sintering aid in the green body is a mixture of borax and water glass in a mass ratio of (1~5):(1~2).

[0038] In one embodiment, the dispersant in the preform is at least one of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium polyacrylate, organosilicon-modified sodium phosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate.

[0039] In one embodiment, the thickener in the preform is at least one of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and starch.

[0040] In one embodiment, the colorant in the blank is iron oxide red.

[0041] In one embodiment, the opacifier in the glaze layer is titanium dioxide.

[0042] In one embodiment, the flux in the glaze layer is water glass.

[0043] In one embodiment, the dispersant in the glaze layer is at least one of organosilicon-modified sodium phosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate.

[0044] In one embodiment, the colorant in the glaze layer includes at least one of the following: body black, cobalt oxide, manganese oxide, peacock green, chrome green, cobalt blue, and praseodymium yellow.

[0045] In one embodiment, the proportions of cerium chloride, nano zinc oxide, sodium tripolyphosphate, silane coupling agent, triethanolamine and polyquaternium salt 126 by weight are (1~3):(1~2):(0.05~1):(7~12):(5~10):(1~3).

[0046] In one embodiment, the silane coupling agent is at least one of trifluoropropyltrichlorosilane, trifluoropropyltriethoxysilane, and perfluoropolyether siloxane.

[0047] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing irregular roof tile fittings, the method comprising the following steps:

[0048] S1. Add the raw materials for preparing the green body to a ball mill, add an appropriate amount of water, ball mill, age, and obtain a slurry;

[0049] S2. Inject the slurry into the mold of the irregular part, press it into shape, and dry it until the moisture content is 3%~5% to obtain the blank;

[0050] S3. Add the raw materials for preparing the glaze layer to a ball mill, add an appropriate amount of water, ball mill, and age to obtain a glaze slurry;

[0051] S4. Apply the glaze slurry to the blank, dry it, then heat it to 600℃ at a rate of 2~5℃ / min, and then heat it to 1060℃~1100℃ at a rate of 1℃ / min~3℃ / min. The firing cycle is 60min~120min. Cool it in the furnace to obtain the roof tile special-shaped accessories.

[0052] The process of this invention, by limiting the specific gravity range of the slurry and glaze, greatly improves the uniformity, suspension stability, and molding / glazing performance of the raw materials, reducing problems such as agglomeration and sedimentation during production. At the same time, this invention effectively avoids common firing defects such as cracking, deformation, pinholes, and bubbles, improving product yield and consistency.

[0053] In one embodiment, in step S1, the ball milling speed is 50 r / min to 100 r / min, and the time is 1 h to 5 h.

[0054] In one embodiment, in step S1, the aging process takes 6 to 10 hours.

[0055] In one embodiment, in step S1, the specific gravity of the slurry is 1.65~1.69 g / cm³. 3 .

[0056] In one embodiment, in step S3, the ball milling speed is 50 r / min to 200 r / min, and the time is 3 h to 8 h.

[0057] In one embodiment, in step S3, the aging process takes 5 to 10 hours.

[0058] In one embodiment, in step S3, the specific gravity of the glaze slurry is 1.42~1.50 g / cm³. 3 .

[0059] In one embodiment, in step S4, the thickness of the glaze slurry is 1 mm to 3 mm.

[0060] In one embodiment, in step S4, the drying temperature is 75°C to 90°C and the time is 15 min to 20 min.

[0061] The above solution, through optimization of composition and process, can produce roof tile shaped accessories with excellent strength and antibacterial properties, excellent decorative effect, and high yield, significantly improving the added value and market competitiveness of the product.

[0062] The implementation schemes of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0063] Example 1:

[0064] A method for preparing a special-shaped roofing tile accessory, the method comprising the following steps:

[0065] S1. The raw materials for preparing the green body were added to a ball mill, along with an appropriate amount of water. The milling was carried out at 80 r / min for 3 hours, followed by aging for 6 hours, yielding a green body with a specific gravity of 1.66 g / cm³. 3 The slurry;

[0066] The green body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts clay, 12 parts kaolin, 28 parts quartz sand, 11 parts feldspar powder, 2 parts alumina, 2 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 0.3 parts sintering aid, 0.08 parts sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.05 parts sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 0.3 parts iron oxide red.

[0067] The sintering aid is a mixture of borax and water glass in a mass ratio of 3:2;

[0068] S2. Inject the slurry into the mold of the irregular part, press it into shape, and dry it until the moisture content is 5% to obtain the blank;

[0069] S3. The raw materials for preparing the glaze layer were added to a ball mill, along with an appropriate amount of water. The mixture was ball-milled at 100 r / min for 5 hours, followed by aging for 8 hours, yielding a product with a specific gravity of 1.42 g / cm³. 3 Glaze;

[0070] The glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of clay, 8 parts of clay, 12 parts of frit A, 8 parts of frit B, 2 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.4 parts of water glass, 0.05 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 1 part of antibacterial agent, and 1 part of black pigment.

[0071] The frit A comprises the following chemical composition by mass percentage: SiO2: 54%, Al2O3: 11%, K2O: 9%, Na2O: 11%, B2O3: 7%, CaO: 3%, MgO: 3%, ZnO: 2%;

[0072] The frit B comprises the following chemical composition by mass percentage: SiO2: 60%, Al2O3: 18%, Li2O: 7%, ZrO2: 6%, MgO: 2%, TiO2: 5%, ZnO: 1%, P2O5: 1%;

[0073] The method for preparing the antibacterial agent in the glaze layer is as follows: 3 parts by weight of cerium chloride and 2 parts by weight of nano zinc oxide are mixed, then 0.06 parts by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate and 10 parts by weight of trifluoropropyltrichlorosilane are added, heated to 65°C, stirred at 50 r / min for 35 min, then 7 parts by weight of triethanolamine and 2 parts by weight of polyquaternium salt 126 are added, and the mixture is stirred for another 20 min to obtain the antibacterial agent.

[0074] S4. Apply the glaze slurry to the blank body with a thickness of 2 mm, dry it at 75°C for 20 min, then heat it to 600°C at a rate of 5°C / min, and then heat it to 1080°C at a rate of 3°C / min. The firing cycle is 100 min. Cool it in the furnace to obtain the roof tile shaped accessory.

[0075] Example 2:

[0076] A method for preparing a special-shaped roofing tile accessory, the method comprising the following steps:

[0077] S1. The raw materials for preparing the green body were added to a ball mill, along with an appropriate amount of water. The milling was carried out at 80 r / min for 3 hours, followed by aging for 6 hours, yielding a green body with a specific gravity of 1.67 g / cm³. 3 The slurry;

[0078] The green body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 19 parts clay, 11 parts kaolin, 26 parts quartz sand, 12 parts feldspar powder, 3 parts alumina, 2 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 0.4 parts sintering aid, 0.08 parts sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.06 parts sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 0.3 parts iron oxide red.

[0079] The sintering aid is a mixture of borax and water glass in a mass ratio of 3:2;

[0080] S2. Inject the slurry into the mold of the irregular part, press it into shape, and dry it until the moisture content is 5% to obtain the blank;

[0081] S3. Add the raw materials for the glaze layer preparation to a ball mill, add an appropriate amount of water, and ball mill at 100 r / min for 5 hours, followed by aging for 8 hours to obtain a specific gravity of 1.43 g / cm³. 3 Glaze;

[0082] The glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 13 parts of clay, 7 parts of clay, 13 parts of frit A, 7 parts of frit B, 2 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.5 parts of water glass, 0.06 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 1 part of antibacterial agent, and 1 part of black pigment.

[0083] The frit A comprises the following chemical composition by mass percentage: SiO2: 54%, Al2O3: 11%, K2O: 9%, Na2O: 11%, B2O3: 7%, CaO: 3%, MgO: 3%, ZnO: 2%;

[0084] The frit B comprises the following chemical composition by mass percentage: SiO2: 60%, Al2O3: 18%, Li2O: 7%, ZrO2: 6%, MgO: 2%, TiO2: 5%, ZnO: 1%, P2O5: 1%;

[0085] The method for preparing the antibacterial agent in the glaze layer is as follows: 3 parts by weight of cerium chloride and 2 parts by weight of nano zinc oxide are mixed, then 0.05 parts by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate and 10 parts by weight of trifluoropropyltrichlorosilane are added, heated to 65°C, stirred at 50 r / min for 35 min, then 8 parts by weight of triethanolamine and 3 parts by weight of polyquaternium salt 126 are added, and the mixture is stirred for another 25 min to obtain the antibacterial agent.

[0086] S4. Apply the glaze slurry to the blank body with a thickness of 2 mm, dry it at 75°C for 20 min, then heat it to 600°C at a rate of 5°C / min, and then heat it to 1080°C at a rate of 3°C / min. The firing cycle is 100 min. Cool it in the furnace to obtain the roof tile shaped accessory.

[0087] Example 3:

[0088] A method for preparing a special-shaped roofing tile accessory, the method comprising the following steps:

[0089] S1. The raw materials for preparing the green body were added to a ball mill, along with an appropriate amount of water. The milling was carried out at 80 r / min for 3 hours, followed by aging for 6 hours, yielding a green body with a specific gravity of 1.66 g / cm³. 3 The slurry;

[0090] The green body comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts clay, 12 parts kaolin, 28 parts quartz sand, 10 parts feldspar powder, 2 parts alumina, 2 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5 parts sintering aid, 0.06 parts sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.08 parts sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 0.3 parts iron oxide red.

[0091] The sintering aid is a mixture of borax and water glass in a mass ratio of 3:2;

[0092] S2. Inject the slurry into the mold of the irregular part, press it into shape, and dry it until the moisture content is 5% to obtain the blank;

[0093] S3. The raw materials for preparing the glaze layer were added to a ball mill, along with an appropriate amount of water. The mixture was ball-milled at 100 r / min for 6 hours, followed by aging for 8 hours, yielding a product with a specific gravity of 1.44 g / cm³. 3 Glaze;

[0094] The glaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14 parts of clay, 6 parts of clay, 12 parts of frit A, 8 parts of frit B, 2 parts of titanium dioxide, 0.4 parts of water glass, 0.05 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 1 part of antibacterial agent, and 1 part of black pigment.

[0095] The frit A comprises the following chemical composition by mass percentage: SiO2: 54%, Al2O3: 11%, K2O: 9%, Na2O: 11%, B2O3: 7%, CaO: 3%, MgO: 3%, ZnO: 2%;

[0096] The frit B comprises the following chemical composition by mass percentage: SiO2: 60%, Al2O3: 18%, Li2O: 7%, ZrO2: 6%, MgO: 2%, TiO2: 5%, ZnO: 1%, P2O5: 1%;

[0097] The method for preparing the antibacterial agent in the glaze layer is as follows: 3 parts by weight of cerium chloride and 2 parts by weight of nano zinc oxide are mixed, then 0.06 parts by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate and 12 parts by weight of trifluoropropyltrichlorosilane are added, heated to 65°C, stirred at 50 r / min for 35 min, then 6 parts by weight of triethanolamine and 3 parts by weight of polyquaternium salt 126 are added, and the mixture is stirred for another 30 min to obtain the antibacterial agent.

[0098] S4. Apply the glaze slurry to the blank body with a thickness of 2 mm, dry it at 80°C for 18 min, then heat it to 600°C at a rate of 4°C / min, and then heat it to 1080°C at a rate of 3°C / min. The firing cycle is 100 min. Cool it in the furnace to obtain the roof tile shaped accessory.

[0099] Comparative Example 1:

[0100] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 3 is that no sintering aid was added in Comparative Example 1, but otherwise it is the same as Example 3.

[0101] Comparative Example 2:

[0102] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 3 is that the chemical composition of the mass percentage of frit A in the glaze layer of Comparative Example 2 is different, while the rest is the same as in Example 3.

[0103] The frit A in Comparative Example 2 has the following chemical composition by mass percentage: SiO2: 65%, Al2O3: 3%, K2O: 5%, Na2O: 13%, B2O3: 11%, MgO: 3%.

[0104] Comparative Example 3:

[0105] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 3 is that no frit A was added to the glaze layer of Comparative Example 3, but otherwise it is the same as Example 3.

[0106] Comparative Example 4:

[0107] The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 3 is that the chemical composition of the mass percentage of frit B in the glaze layer of Comparative Example 4 is different, while the rest is the same as Example 3.

[0108] The frit B in Comparative Example 4 contains the following chemical composition by mass percentage: SiO2: 49%, Al2O3: 8%, Li2O: 17%, MgO: 8%, TiO2: 10%, ZnO: 7%, P2O5: 1%.

[0109] Comparative Example 5:

[0110] The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 3 is that no frit B was added to the glaze layer of Comparative Example 5, but otherwise it is the same as Example 3.

[0111] Comparative Example 6:

[0112] The difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 3 is that no frit A and frit B were added to the glaze layer of Comparative Example 6, but otherwise it is the same as Example 3.

[0113] Comparative Example 7:

[0114] The difference between Comparative Example 7 and Example 3 is that only nano zinc oxide was added to the glaze layer of Comparative Example 7 as an antibacterial agent, while the rest was the same as Example 3.

[0115] Comparative Example 8:

[0116] The difference between Comparative Example 8 and Example 3 is that only cerium chloride is added as an antibacterial agent in the glaze layer of Comparative Example 8, while the rest is the same as Example 3.

[0117] Comparative Example 9:

[0118] The difference between Comparative Example 9 and Example 3 is that no antibacterial agent was added to the glaze layer of Comparative Example 9, but otherwise it is the same as Example 3.

[0119] Comparative Example 10:

[0120] The difference between Comparative Example 10 and Example 3 is that the firing process in Comparative Example 10 is different, while the rest is the same as in Example 3.

[0121] The firing process in Comparative Example 10 was as follows: the temperature was increased to 1080℃ at a heating rate of 10℃ / min, and the firing cycle was 100min.

[0122] I. Performance tests were conducted on the roof tile shaped accessory samples prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-10. According to GB / T36584-2018 "Test Methods for Roofing Tiles", the water absorption rate, bending resistance, frost resistance, and resistance to rapid cooling and heating were tested. The antibacterial rate was tested with reference to JC / T897-2014. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0123] Table 1: Performance Test Results

[0124]

[0125] The data analysis in Table 1 shows that by optimizing the composition of the body and glaze layer, this invention can obtain roof tile shaped accessories with excellent appearance quality, low water absorption, high strength and antibacterial rate, and better resistance to cold and hot environments, making them more adaptable to different environmental needs. Compared with Example 3, Comparative Example 1, which did not add sintering aids, showed a significant increase in water absorption, a decrease in flexural strength, and inferior frost resistance and thermal stability compared to Example 3. This indicates that the addition of a certain amount of borax and water glass as a sintering main aid in the green body of the present invention can promote the densification of the green body. The chemical composition of the mass percentage of frit A differed in Comparative Example 2, while frit A was not added in Comparative Example 3. The chemical composition of the mass percentage of frit B in the glaze layer of Comparative Example 4 differed. Frit B was not added to the glaze layer of Comparative Example 5, and neither frit A nor frit B was added to the glaze layer of Comparative Example 6. It can be seen that the roof tile irregular accessory samples in Comparative Examples 2-6 all showed varying degrees of performance changes, indicating that frit A and frit B have a synergistic effect in the glaze layer, promoting the bonding between the green body and the glaze layer. The surface bonding results in a denser glaze layer, promoting superior appearance quality for roof tile fittings. In Comparative Example 7, only nano-zinc oxide was added as an antibacterial agent in the glaze layer; in Comparative Example 8, only cerium chloride was added as an antibacterial agent; and in Comparative Example 9, no antibacterial agent was added. It is evident that the use of a single antibacterial agent resulted in significantly worse apparent antibacterial performance compared to Example 3, indicating that the antibacterial agent prepared in this invention can form a cerium-zinc composite system with a synergistic antibacterial enhancement effect, exhibiting superior antibacterial performance. In Comparative Example 10, the different firing processes resulted in increased water absorption, decreased strength, and poorer freeze-thaw and thermal stability, indicating that optimizing the firing process effectively promotes the bonding between the body and the glaze layer, preventing surface cracking and ensuring product density and yield.

[0126] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0127] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A special-shaped roofing tile accessory, characterized in that, The roof tile shaped accessory includes a blank and a glaze layer covering the blank; and the preparation method of the roof tile shaped accessory includes a firing process, wherein the firing process is as follows: the temperature is raised to 600℃ at a rate of 2~5℃ / min, and then raised to 1060℃~1100℃ at a rate of 1℃ / min~3℃ / min, and the firing cycle is 60min~120min; The green body is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts clay, 10-13 parts kaolin, 25-30 parts quartz sand, 10-13 parts feldspar powder, 1-3 parts alumina, 1-2 parts binder, 0.1-0.5 parts sintering aid, 0.05-1 part dispersant, 0.01-0.08 parts thickener, and 0-5 parts colorant; the sintering aid is a mixture of borax and water glass in a mass ratio of (1-5):(1-2). The glaze layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-15 parts of clay, 5-10 parts of clay, 10-15 parts of frit A, 7-10 parts of frit B, 1-2 parts of opacifier, 0.1-0.5 parts of flux, 0.01-1 part of dispersant, 0.01-3 parts of antibacterial agent, and 0.5-3 parts of colorant; the opacifier is titanium dioxide. The frit A comprises the following chemical composition by mass percentage: SiO2: 48-55%, Al2O3: 10-12%, K2O: 7-10%, Na2O: 8-12%, B2O3: 5-8%, CaO: 1-3%, MgO: 1-3%, ZnO: 1-2%; The frit B comprises the following chemical composition by mass percentage: SiO2: 50-60%, Al2O3: 12-18%, Li2O: 1-8%, ZrO2: 1-7%, MgO: 1-3%, TiO2: 1-5%, ZnO: 1-2%, P2O5: 0.1-1%; The method for preparing the antibacterial agent in the glaze layer is as follows: Cerium chloride and nano zinc oxide are mixed, then sodium tripolyphosphate and silane coupling agent are added, heated to 45℃~65℃, stirred at 50r / min~100r / min for 30min~60min, then triethanolamine and polyquaternium salt 126 are added, and stirring is continued for 20min~30min to obtain the antibacterial agent; By weight, the ratio of cerium chloride, nano zinc oxide, sodium tripolyphosphate, silane coupling agent, triethanolamine and polyquaternium salt 126 is (1~3):(1~2):(0.05~1):(7~12):(5~10):(1~3).

2. The roof tile irregular fitting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, and water-based paraffin.

3. The roof tile irregular fitting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dispersant in the preform is at least one of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium polyacrylate, organosilicon-modified sodium phosphate, and sodium hexametaphosphate.

4. The roof tile irregular fitting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickener in the preform is at least one of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and starch.

5. The roof tile irregular fitting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dispersant in the glaze layer is at least one of organosilicon-modified sodium phosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate.

6. A method for preparing a special-shaped roofing tile accessory, characterized in that, The preparation method is used to prepare the roof tile irregular-shaped fitting as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, and the preparation method includes the following steps: S1. The raw materials for preparing the green body are added to a ball mill, an appropriate amount of water is added, and the mixture is ball-milled and aged to obtain a specific gravity of 1.65~1.69 g / cm³. 3 The slurry; S2. Inject the slurry into the mold of the irregular part, press it into shape, and dry it until the moisture content is 3%~5% to obtain the blank; S3. Add the raw materials for the glaze layer preparation to a ball mill, add an appropriate amount of water, ball mill, and then age to obtain a specific gravity of 1.42~1.50 g / cm³. 3 Glaze; S4. Apply the glaze slurry to the blank, dry it, then heat it to 600℃ at a rate of 2~5℃ / min, and then heat it to 1060℃~1100℃ at a rate of 1℃ / min~3℃ / min. The firing cycle is 60min~120min. Cool it in the furnace to obtain the roof tile special-shaped accessories.

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