Roadway air distribution device and dust removal device linkage system and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a linkage system of a roadway air distribution device and a dust removal device and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of safety and environmental protection of mine / tunnel construction. The system comprises a long-pressure air control system, a short air draft dust collection system and an intelligent control module, the long-pressure air control system forms an airflow air wall through a long-distance air distribution device to restrain dust diffusion, the short-air-draft dust collection system captures dust through a short-distance dust collection cover, and the intelligent control module dynamically adjusts operation parameters of the long-pressure air control system and the short-air-draft dust collection system based on parameters such as dust concentration and air speed. The control method comprises the stages of dust suppression, capture, weak wind area removal and intelligent adjustment, and efficient dust removal is achieved through airflow collaborative optimization and a self-adaptive control algorithm. The dust collecting rate can be increased by 50% or above, energy is comprehensively saved by 20% or above, potential safety hazards in weak wind areas are eliminated, and the device is suitable for dust-producing scenes such as driving working faces and belt conveying roadways and has the advantages of being efficient, safe, capable of saving energy and wide in applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction safety and environmental protection technology, specifically to a linkage system and control method for a tunnel ventilation device and a dust removal device. Background Technology

[0002] During mining and tunnel construction, underground operations generate large amounts of dust, which not only seriously endangers the health of workers but also poses a risk of dust explosions and other safety accidents. Dust also accelerates equipment wear and tear, impacting construction progress and efficiency. Therefore, dust control underground is a crucial aspect of ensuring construction safety and the health of workers.

[0003] Currently, dust control in mines mainly employs wet dust removal and single mine dust removal fans, but these methods have significant drawbacks: Traditional wet dust collection technology: This technology captures dust by spraying water, which can reduce dust concentration to some extent, but it consumes a large amount of water and produces a lot of sludge. This sludge is difficult and costly to treat, and it can easily cause secondary pollution underground. In cold regions, it may also cause problems such as pipe icing, affecting the normal operation of the dust collection system.

[0004] Single-use mine dust collector fan technology: When using a single mine dust collector fan, a weak airflow zone or a circulating airflow zone can easily form between the fan and the dust extraction port. In special working environments such as high-gas roadways, the existence of weak airflow zones or circulating airflow zones can lead to the accumulation of harmful gases such as methane, which cannot be discharged in time, posing a serious ventilation safety hazard and threatening the safety of underground operations.

[0005] Single forced-in or exhaust ventilation technology: Single forced-in ventilation will quickly push dust into the depths of the alley, causing the dust diffusion range to expand and making it difficult to control in a concentrated manner; Single exhaust ventilation is prone to forming local negative pressure around the dust extraction port, causing external dust to continuously pour in, which also cannot effectively control the dust diffusion and has poor dust removal effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a linkage system and control method for a roadway ventilation distribution device and a dust removal device.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a linkage system for a roadway air distribution device and a dust removal device, comprising a long-pressure air control system, a short-exhaust dust collection system, and an intelligent control module; The long-pressure air control system is used to form a directional airflow wall around the dust source to prevent dust from spreading outward, and to provide lateral air supply to the working face during the dust removal process to eliminate weak airflow areas or circulating airflow areas.

[0008] The long-distance air control system includes a long-distance air distribution device, a compressed air duct, and an air volume adjustment component.

[0009] The long-distance air distribution device is set at a distance of no more than 6 meters from the air inlet of the dust removal fan. It has a main air outlet and a side air outlet. The main air outlet is connected to the working face through a compressed air duct and is used to supply air to the working face. The side air outlet is used to form an airflow wall. The compressed air duct is a rigid duct with a diameter of 600-1000mm, the negative pressure air duct is a rigid duct with a diameter of 400-800mm, and the dust collector is a cartridge dust collector with a filtration efficiency of ≥99.9%.

[0010] The airflow from the side outlet is directed in the opposite direction to the dust diffusion direction, forming a countercurrent airflow. The side outlet is set downwards at an angle of 10-30° to the horizontal plane, and the dust collection hood is set at an angle of 15-45° toward the dust source.

[0011] The air volume adjustment component includes an adjustment plate (such as a three-way adjustment plate) installed inside the remote air distribution device and a drive component (such as a motor) that drives the adjustment plate. The drive component is electrically connected to the intelligent control module and can adjust the ratio of the air volume from the side air outlet to the air volume supplied to the working face from the main air outlet according to the instructions of the intelligent control module.

[0012] The adjusting plate is a three-way adjusting plate, the driving component is a motor, the motor is electrically connected to the programmable control system, and the motor can drive the three-way adjusting plate to rotate, thereby adjusting the air volume of the side air outlet from 0 to the rated value.

[0013] The short exhaust dust collection system is used to extract dust at close range from the dust source and process the dust in a concentrated manner. The system includes a mining dust removal fan, a negative pressure air duct, a dust collection hood, and a dust collector. The dust removal fan used in mining adopts a variable frequency fan. Its air inlet is connected to the dust collection hood through a negative pressure air duct. The dust collection hood is set at a distance of 3-5 meters from the dust source point on the working face for close-range dust capture. The outlet of the mining dust removal fan is connected to the dust collector, which is used to filter and purify the dust-laden airflow. The purified gas can be directly discharged into the underground roadway or recycled. The negative pressure ventilation duct is equipped with a precise air measurement device to monitor the exhaust air volume and wind speed in real time and transmit the monitoring data to the intelligent control module. The dust concentration sensor is a GCG1000 dust concentration sensor with a measurement range of 0-1000 mg / m³ and an accuracy of ±10%; the precision wind measuring device is a CFJ5 mining mechanical wind meter with a measurement range of 0.3-15 m / s.

[0014] The intelligent control module is used to dynamically adjust the operating parameters of the long-pressure ventilation control system and the short-pressure dust collection system based on working condition parameters such as dust concentration, air volume, and wind speed in the well, so as to achieve coordinated linkage between the two. The module includes a dust concentration sensor, a programmable control system, and a frequency converter. At least four dust concentration sensors are installed and arranged at different monitoring points (such as a monitoring point 10 meters outward from the front, a monitoring point at the air outlet, a monitoring point inside the diversion device, etc.) to monitor the dust concentration at each location in real time and transmit the monitoring data to the programmable control system. The programmable control system is electrically connected to the drive unit of the long-pressure air control system, the frequency converter of the short-exhaust dust collection system, and various sensors. It is used to receive monitoring data from each sensor and generate control commands according to a preset adaptive control algorithm to control the drive unit to adjust the air distribution ratio and control the frequency converter to adjust the speed of the mine dust collector fan. The programmable control system adopts PLC control, and the frequency converter is adapted to the motor power of the mine dust collector fan.

[0015] The frequency converter is electrically connected to the mining dust removal fan and is used to adjust the fan speed according to the instructions of the programmable control system, thereby changing the air volume and air pressure and realizing the dynamic optimization of the exhaust parameters.

[0016] Preferably, the present invention also provides a control method based on the above system, comprising the following steps: S1: Dust Suppression Stage The programmable control system controls the start of the long-pressure air control system. The drive component drives the adjustment plate to adjust the air volume of the side air outlet of the long-distance air distribution device. This causes the airflow discharged from the side air outlet to form a directional airflow wall around the dust source. The airflow direction is opposite to the dust diffusion direction, forming a countercurrent airflow to prevent the dust from spreading deeper into the tunnel.

[0017] S2: Dust Capture Stage While the long-pressure air control system forms an airflow wall, the programmable control system controls the short-pressure dust collection system to start, and the frequency converter drives the mining dust removal fan to operate. The dust collection hood generates negative pressure 3-5 meters away from the dust source, which draws the dust into the negative pressure duct. The dust-laden airflow enters the dust collector through the negative pressure duct for filtration and purification. The purified gas is then discharged. At this time, a stable negative pressure zone is formed near the dust source under the action of dust collection and extraction, which further prevents the spread of dust.

[0018] S3: Clearing Weak Wind Zones During the dust extraction process of the mine dust removal fan, a negative pressure will be formed at the working face. The programmable control system adjusts the air supply parameters of the long-pressure air control system according to the wind speed data monitored by the precise wind measuring device. Under the action of negative pressure, the airflow wall is pushed towards the working face to supplement the air volume of the working face, completely eliminating the weak wind zone formed by the dust removal fan and the working face due to the extraction, ensuring uniform ventilation in the roadway and avoiding the accumulation of harmful gases.

[0019] S4: Intelligent Adjustment Stage The dust concentration sensor monitors the dust concentration at each measuring point in real time and transmits the data to the programmable control system. When the dust concentration is detected to exceed the preset threshold, the programmable control system adjusts the air distribution ratio of the long-pressure air control system (increase or decrease the air volume at the side outlet) and the exhaust parameters of the short-exhaust dust collection system (increase or decrease the fan speed) according to the change in dust concentration through an adaptive control algorithm, thereby optimizing airflow organization and enhancing dust removal effect. When the excavation and anchoring equipment starts working, the programmable control system automatically controls the long-pressure air control system to open the side air outlet and adjust the air distribution ratio. At the same time, it controls the short-exhaust dust collection system to improve the exhaust efficiency and adapt to the working conditions of increased dust generation. When the excavation and anchoring equipment stops working, the amount of dust generated decreases. The programmable control system controls the long-pressure air control system to automatically close the side air outlets and restore the normal air volume and pressure supplied to the working face from the main air outlet. At the same time, it controls the short exhaust dust collection system to reduce the fan speed and reduce ineffective energy consumption.

[0020] Preferably, in the above control process, the airflow matching of compressed air and exhaust air is optimized by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to avoid mutual interference of airflow and ensure the rationality and stability of airflow organization.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: First, the present invention forms an airflow wall through a long pressure control system to suppress dust diffusion, and a short exhaust dust collection system captures dust at close range. The two work together to increase the dust collection rate by more than 50% compared with the traditional single fan dust removal or compressed air dust removal system, which can effectively reduce the dust concentration in the well and protect the health of the workers.

[0022] Secondly, this invention promotes supplementary air to the working face through an airflow wall, completely eliminating the weak wind zone or circulating wind zone formed by the start-up of the mine dust removal fan, avoiding the risk of harmful gas accumulation in scenarios such as high-gas roadways, and significantly improving the safety of underground operations.

[0023] Finally, this invention uses an intelligent control module to dynamically adjust the air distribution ratio and fan speed according to the working conditions, reducing ineffective air volume and energy consumption, achieving a comprehensive energy saving of over 20%, and reducing the energy cost of downhole operations. At the same time, based on adaptive control algorithms and multiple sensors, it realizes automatic adjustment of system operating parameters, reduces manual intervention, lowers the labor intensity of operators, and improves the stability and reliability of system operation. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a long-pressure, short-extraction intelligent air distribution and dust removal system; Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the simulated airflow effect of a long-pressure, short-extraction intelligent air distribution and dust removal system; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control method for a linkage system of a roadway ventilation distribution device and a dust removal device. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To provide a further understanding of the purpose, structure, features, and functions of the present invention, detailed descriptions are provided below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0026] Please refer to the reference. Figure 1 , 2 In addition to point 3, the present invention provides a linkage system and control method for a roadway ventilation distribution device and a dust removal device. Example

[0027] The roadway ventilation device and dust removal device linkage system described in this invention were installed at the tunneling face of XX coal mine, with the specific parameter settings as follows: Long-distance air control system: The long-distance air distribution device is set at a distance of 5 meters from the air inlet of the dust collector fan. The compressed air duct is a rigid air duct with a diameter of 800mm. The adjustment plate drive component is a stepper motor with a power of 0.75kW, which can realize the adjustment of the air volume of the side air outlet from 0-300m³ / min. Short-range dust collection system: The mine dust removal fan adopts a 110kW variable frequency fan, the negative pressure duct diameter is 600mm, the dust collection hood is set at 4 meters away from the working face, and the dust collector adopts a cartridge dust collector with a filtration efficiency of ≥99.9%; Intelligent control module: The dust concentration sensor adopts the GCG1000 dust concentration sensor, with a measurement range of 0-1000mg / m³ and an accuracy of ±10%; the programmable control system adopts the Siemens S7-1200 series PLC; the frequency converter adopts the Schneider ATV610 series frequency converter, which is compatible with 110kW motors; the precision wind measurement device adopts the CFJ5 mining mechanical wind meter, with a measurement range of 0.3-15m / s.

[0028] After the system is built, debugging and trial operation will be carried out. The specific steps are as follows: Initialization settings: Set the threshold values ​​of various parameters through the programmable control system, such as the dust concentration warning threshold of 50mg / m³, the fan speed adjustment range of 500-1500r / min, and the side outlet air volume adjustment step of 10m³ / min. Airflow simulation optimization: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software was used to simulate the compressed air and exhaust airflow. The side outlet angle of the long pressure control system was adjusted (set to 15° downward with respect to the horizontal plane) and the dust collection hood angle of the short exhaust dust collection system was adjusted (set to tilt 30° towards the dust source point) to ensure that the airflow is undisturbed and to form a stable airflow wall and negative pressure zone. No-load test run: Start the system and test the operating status of each component without generating dust. Adjust the air supply volume of the long-pressure control system to 640 m³ / min (fixed value) and the air extraction volume of the short-exhaust dust collection system to 560 m³ / min (fixed value). Monitor the wind speed at each measuring point to ensure that the wind speed from the diversion device to the front section meets the design requirements (0.15-0.51 m / s). Load test run: The roadheader is started for tunneling operations, generating dust. The system automatically enters the dust suppression, capture, and removal phase in the weak wind zone, as well as the intelligent adjustment phase. The dust concentration at each measuring point is monitored by dust concentration sensors, and the programmable control system dynamically adjusts the air distribution ratio and fan speed based on the monitoring data.

[0029] The system's performance was tested, and the results are shown in the table below: The test results show that during the operation of this system, the dust removal rate of the dust removal fan is stable at over 93%, the dust removal rate of the air curtain in the roadway is stable at over 94%, the dust boundary range is controllable, and the wind speed from the diversion device to the facing section meets the design requirements. No weak wind zone is generated, thus achieving efficient dust control and safe ventilation.

[0030] Example 2: Application analysis of fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation in the optimization of airflow matching between compressed air and exhaust air.

[0031] In the linkage system of the roadway air distribution device and the dust removal device, the airflow synergy between the long pressure air control system and the short exhaust dust collection system directly determines the dust suppression effect, the efficiency of eliminating weak wind areas, and the energy consumption level.

[0032] Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), as a numerical simulation tool, can accurately construct airflow field models in underground roadways, quantitatively analyze the laws governing airflow interaction, and optimize the airflow matching between compressed air and exhaust air. This provides a scientific basis for system structure design, parameter setting, and operational control. Specific applications are analyzed below: 1. Physical model construction: Recreating the actual downhole operation scenario The first step in CFD simulation is to build a three-dimensional physical model based on actual tunnel parameters to ensure a high degree of consistency with on-site conditions. Core modeling elements include: Based on the actual dimensions of the target application scenario (such as a tunneling face or a belt conveyor roadway), the roadway length (the simulated section is usually 50-100m outward from the face), cross-sectional dimensions (such as a rectangular cross-section with width × height = 5m × 3.5m), and roadway wall roughness (refer to the friction coefficient of underground concrete or rock roadways, usually 0.02-0.05) are set. At the same time, the spatial positions of the long-pressure ventilation control system (long-distance air distribution device, compressed air duct) and the short-pressure dust collection system (negative pressure duct, dust collection hood, dust removal fan) are accurately located.

[0033] Based on the system design parameters and downhole environment characteristics, the key boundary conditions are defined as follows: Compressed air inlet boundary: Set the total air supply of the long-pressure air control system (e.g., fixed at 640 m³ / min), and distinguish the air volume distribution ratio between the main air outlet (supplying to the working face) and the side air outlet (forming an airflow wall) (simulated adjustment range 0-300 m³ / min). At the same time, define the airflow outlet angle (e.g., the side air outlet is 15° downward with respect to the horizontal plane to simulate directional airflow that counteracts dust diffusion). Set the total exhaust volume of the short-exhaust dust collection system (e.g., a fixed 560 m³ / min), use the dust collection hood as the negative pressure inlet, and define the negative pressure range (refer to the stable negative pressure zone parameters of the dust source point tested on site, usually -50 to -100 Pa). The "pressure outlet" setting is adopted to simulate the connection between the underground roadway and the external ventilation system, and the outlet static pressure (such as atmospheric pressure 101325Pa) is set to avoid airflow accumulation at the end of the roadway. Based on the dust generation characteristics of tunneling and anchoring equipment operations, a "area source" or "point source" model is used to set the dust source location (such as the cutting head of the roadheader), dust generation intensity (refer to the dust concentration data measured on site, such as 100-200mg / m³・s), and initial diffusion direction (diffusion outward along the tunnel axis).

[0034] Using downhole air as the simulation medium, its physical properties were set as follows: density (1.2 kg / m³ at room temperature), dynamic viscosity (1.8 × 10⁻ ... 5 Pa・s), and considering the incompressibility of air flow (the underground wind speed is usually <10m / s, which satisfies the incompressible fluid assumption), the RNG k-ε turbulence model is adopted (suitable for simulating strong turbulent airflow in complex roadways, and can accurately capture phenomena such as airflow vortices and backflow).

[0035] 2. Core optimization directions and implementation paths for CFD simulation.

[0036] CFD simulation quantitatively analyzes the velocity distribution, pressure distribution, and dust concentration distribution of the airflow field to locate the conflict points and weak points between the compressed air and the exhaust airflow. Then, it achieves matching optimization from three core directions: "eliminating airflow interference", "improving the effectiveness of the air wall", and "optimizing the stability of the negative pressure zone".

[0037] Optimization direction (1): Eliminate airflow interference between compressed air and exhaust air to avoid ineffective energy consumption.

[0038] In the unoptimized initial scheme, there may be two typical interferences between compressed air (airflow from the side outlet) and exhaust air (negative pressure airflow from the dust collection hood): Airflow interference: If the side outlet angle is too large (such as perpendicular to the roadway axis), the compressed airflow will directly impact the negative pressure suction area of ​​the dust collection hood, causing some of the compressed airflow to be ineffectively sucked into the exhaust system. This reduces the dust blocking capacity of the airflow wall and increases the load on the dust removal fan (requiring additional handling of dust-free compressed airflow). Airflow backflow interference: If the compressed air volume is too large or the exhaust negative pressure is insufficient, the compressed airflow may form a backflow zone after rebounding on the roadway wall (such as a clockwise / counterclockwise vortex between the air distribution device and the dust collection hood). The backflow airflow will carry dust and diffuse in the opposite direction to the working face, weakening the dust removal effect.

[0039] CFD simulation allows for the intuitive identification of interference areas through a "velocity vector diagram." For example, in the simulation results, if the velocity vector at the dust collection hood inlet shows a "reverse arrow" (compressed airflow and exhaust airflow colliding) or a "ring arrow" (recirculation vortex), the location and intensity of the interference can be determined (e.g., the maximum recirculation velocity in the recirculation zone reaches 2 m / s, far exceeding the allowable value of 0.5 m / s).

[0040] Based on the interference problem identified through simulation, airflow matching optimization is achieved by adjusting key parameters: By comparing multiple sets of simulations (such as side air outlet angles of 0°, 10°, 15°, and 20° respectively), the degree of airflow interference under different angles was analyzed.

[0041] Simulation results show that when the angle is 15° downward, the compressed airflow advances along the roadway wall towards the working face, forming a "co-current superposition" with the negative pressure intake airflow of the dust collection hood (the compressed airflow assists the dust to move towards the dust collection hood), the opposing interference disappears, and the maximum velocity in the recirculation zone drops to below 0.2 m / s; By setting a fixed total compressed air volume (640 m³ / min), the airflow field was simulated at total exhaust volumes of 500 m³ / min, 560 m³ / min, and 600 m³ / min. The results show that when the total exhaust volume is 560 m³ / min, the velocity streamline within the roadway exhibits a continuous "compressed air propulsion - exhaust air intake" path with no airflow stagnation zones. Furthermore, 80% of the compressed air volume is used to form an air wall, and 20% is used to supplement the negative pressure at the working face, thus avoiding airflow waste.

[0042] Optimization direction (2): Improve the dust blocking ability of the airflow wall and reduce the dust diffusion range. The core function of an airflow barrier is to form a "barrier" around the dust source, preventing dust from spreading outwards. Its effectiveness can be evaluated using CFD simulations of "dust concentration cloud map" and "airflow barrier pressure distribution." If the airflow distribution at the side outlet is unreasonable (e.g., the airflow at the side outlet is only 100m³ / min), the simulation shows that the "pressure gradient" of the air wall is insufficient (the static pressure at the air wall is only 5Pa higher than that downstream of the tunnel), and the dust will break through the air wall and spread into the depth of the tunnel (the dust boundary range reaches 15m, far exceeding the designed 3-5m). The effectiveness of the wind barrier is defined by simulation using quantitative indicators: the "effective barrier thickness" (the range within the wind barrier area where the wind speed is >1.5m / s, ensuring that dust cannot penetrate) and the "pressure difference" (the static pressure difference between the inside and outside of the wind barrier is >10Pa, forming a pressure barrier to block dust).

[0043] The effectiveness of the airflow barrier can be improved by adjusting the airflow distribution at the side outlets and the arrangement of the air ducts through CFD simulation. The effects of the air wall were simulated at side outlet air volumes of 100 m³ / min, 200 m³ / min, 250 m³ / min, and 300 m³ / min. The results showed that when the air volume was 250 m³ / min, the effective barrier thickness of the air wall reached 2 m, the pressure difference reached 12 Pa, and the dust boundary was controlled within 5 m (consistent with the design target). Furthermore, excessive air volume did not cause airflow to impact the tunnel wall and form backflow. Compare the wind wall distribution of "circular exit" and "rectangular exit".

[0044] Simulations show that the rectangular outlet (width × height = 0.8m × 0.5m) has a more uniform air wall coverage (air wall velocity deviation along the tunnel cross section < 0.3m / s), while the circular outlet has the defect of "high wind speed in the middle and low wind speed on both sides" (deviation up to 0.8m / s), which easily leads to dust penetrating from both sides. Therefore, the rectangular outlet air duct was ultimately chosen.

[0045] Optimization direction (3): Stabilize the negative pressure zone of the exhaust system to ensure efficient dust capture.

[0046] The core of the short-exhaust dust collection system is to create a stable negative pressure zone 3-5m from the dust source to ensure that dust is efficiently sucked in.

[0047] CFD simulations can analyze the stability of negative pressure zones using "pressure contour plots". If the distance between the dust collection hood and the working face is too close (e.g., 2m), the simulation shows that the negative pressure zone will cover the working face (the static pressure of the working face drops to below -80Pa), causing the compressed airflow to be unable to effectively advance to the working face, forming a new weak wind zone; if the distance is too far (e.g., 6m), the negative pressure zone cannot cover the dust source point, and the dust escapes during the diffusion process; The "coverage range" of the negative pressure zone (must completely cover the dust source point, and the distance between the edge and the dust collection hood is <1m) and the "negative pressure gradient" (the pressure change inside the negative pressure zone is gradual to avoid excessive local wind speed causing dust to fly again).

[0048] Based on the simulation results, optimize the dust collection hood position and exhaust parameters: Determining the optimal distance for the dust collection hood: Simulations were conducted at distances of 2m, 3m, 4m, 5m, and 6m from the dust collection hood to the work surface. Results showed that at a distance of 4m, the negative pressure zone covered an area of ​​3.5-4.5m (completely covering the dust source), with a negative pressure gradient of 10Pa / m (gradual pressure change). This approach effectively prevented the negative pressure zone from covering the work surface while ensuring that dust had no escape space. Comparison of simulation results for negative pressure ventilation ducts with diameters of 500mm, 600mm, and 700mm: With a diameter of 600mm, the wind speed inside the duct is 8m / s (within the optimal exhaust wind speed range of 6-10m / s, avoiding dust accumulation due to excessively low wind speed and increased wind resistance due to excessively high wind speed). The stability of the negative pressure zone is optimal, and the energy consumption ratio (dust removal efficiency / energy consumption) of the dust removal fan reaches 1.2kg / (kW・h), which is 15% and 10% higher than that of 500mm and 700mm diameters, respectively.

[0049] The optimized CFD simulation scheme needs to be verified through field testing to ensure that the simulation results are consistent with actual working conditions. Taking the field test at Shandong Energy Northwest Mining Shaozhai Coal Mine as an example: Dust suppression effect verification: The dust boundary range predicted by CFD simulation is 5-8m (after optimization). In the field test, when the air volume at the outlet of the duct is 205m³ / min, the dust boundary range is 8m, which is less than 5% different from the simulation result. Moreover, the dust removal rate of the dust removal fan is stable at over 93%, and the dust removal rate of the air curtain in the roadway reaches 95.1%, which meets the optimization target of the simulation prediction.

[0050] The present invention has been described in the above-described embodiments; however, these embodiments are merely examples for implementing the present invention. It must be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Conversely, any modifications and refinements made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for linking an airway damper device and a dust removal device, characterized in that: The linkage system comprises a long pressure-controlled air supply system, a short air extraction dust collection system and an intelligent control module; The long pressure-controlled air supply system comprises a long-distance air distribution device, a pressure air supply duct and an air volume adjusting assembly, the long-distance air distribution device is arranged at a position not more than 6 meters away from an air inlet of a dust removal fan, the long-distance air distribution device is provided with a main air outlet and a side air outlet, the main air outlet is communicated with a working face through the pressure air supply duct, and the air volume adjusting assembly comprises an adjusting plate and a driving member, the driving member is used to drive the adjusting plate to adjust a ratio of air volume of the side air outlet to air volume supplied to the working face by the main air outlet; The short air extraction dust collection system comprises a mine dust removal fan, a matched fan, a negative pressure air duct, a dust collection cover and a dust collector, the mine dust removal fan is a variable frequency fan, the dust collection cover is connected with an air inlet of the mine dust removal fan through the negative pressure air duct, the dust collection cover is arranged at a position 3-5 meters away from a dust source point of the working face, an air outlet of the mine dust removal fan is connected with the dust collector, and a precise air measurement device is arranged on the negative pressure air duct; The intelligent control module comprises a dust concentration sensor, a programmable control system and a frequency converter, the dust concentration sensor is arranged at least four, and is used to monitor a dust concentration in real time, the programmable control system is electrically connected with the driving member, the frequency converter, the dust concentration sensor and the precise air measurement device respectively, and the frequency converter is electrically connected with the mine dust removal fan.

2. An airway device according to claim 1, wherein: The adjusting plate is a three-way adjusting plate, the driving member is a motor, the motor is electrically connected with the programmable control system, the motor can drive the three-way adjusting plate to rotate, and adjustment of air volume of the side air outlet from 0 to a rated value is realized.

3. An airway device according to claim 1, wherein: The dust concentration sensor adopts a GCG1000 type dust concentration sensor, a measurement range is 0-1000 mg / m³, and an accuracy is ±10%; the precise air measurement device adopts a CFJ5 type mine mechanical air gauge, a measurement range is 0.3-15 m / s.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the air ducting device is connected to the dust removal device. The programmable control system adopts PLC control, and the frequency converter is adapted to motor power of the mine dust removal fan.

5. An airway device according to claim 1, wherein: The pressure air supply duct adopts a hard air duct with a diameter of 600-1000 mm, the negative pressure air duct adopts a hard air duct with a diameter of 400-800 mm, and the dust collector is a filter cartridge type dust collector with a filtering efficiency of greater than or equal to 99.9%.

6. An airlock system according to claim 1 wherein: A direction of air flow discharged from the side air outlet is opposite to a dust diffusion direction, a counterflow air flow is formed, the side air outlet is arranged downward at an angle of 10-30° with a horizontal plane, and the dust collection cover is arranged at an angle of 15-45° toward the dust source point.

7. A control method based on the system of any one of claims 1-6, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1: dust suppression stage: The programmable control system controls the long pressure-controlled air supply system to start, the driving member drives the adjusting plate to act, and air volume of the side air outlet of the long-distance air distribution device is adjusted, so that air flow discharged from the side air outlet forms a directional air flow wind wall outside a dust source periphery; S2: dust capture stage: The programmable control system controls the start of the short-draft dust collection system, the frequency converter drives the mine dust removal fan to operate, the dust collection hood generates negative pressure at the dust source point 3-5 meters away, and the dust is sucked into the negative pressure air duct, and the dust-containing airflow enters the dust collector for filtration and purification through the negative pressure air duct; S3: Clearing weak wind area stage: The programmable control system adjusts the air supply parameters of the long pressure control air supply system according to the wind speed data monitored by the precise wind measuring device, so that the airflow wind wall advances to the working face direction under the action of negative pressure to supplement air and eliminate the weak wind area; S4: Intelligent adjustment stage: The dust concentration sensor transmits the monitored dust concentration data to the programmable control system, and the programmable control system adjusts the air distribution ratio of the long pressure control air supply system and the air extraction parameters of the short-draft dust collection system according to the change of the dust concentration; when the digging and anchoring equipment is working, the air distribution ratio is adjusted and the air extraction efficiency is improved; when the digging and anchoring equipment stops working, the side air outlet is closed and the fan speed is reduced.

8. The control method of a roadway air distribution device and dust removal device linkage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: In steps S1-S4, the airflow matching of pressure air and suction air is optimized through computational fluid dynamics simulation to avoid airflow interference.

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