Simplified efficient cultivation method for daylily

Abstract

The invention relates to a simplified efficient cultivation method for daylily. The method comprises the following steps: S1, planting in two rows in one ditch; s2, laying a water and fertilizer integrated pipeline; s3, mechanically intertilling and weeding; s4, mechanically dressing a base fertilizer; s5, cutting old leaves; s6, mechanically and deeply plowing soil between rows; s7, mechanically applying an organic fertilizer; through one-ditch double-row rational close planting and whole-process mechanical operation, ventilation and light transmission among plant rows are increased, mechanical operation is facilitated, labor input is greatly reduced, labor intensity and production cost are reduced, operation efficiency is improved, the method is suitable for large-scale planting, a water and fertilizer integration technology is integrated, and the method is suitable for large-scale planting. Precise irrigation and fertilization in the key day lily harvesting period are achieved, the water and fertilizer utilization rate is remarkably increased, the effects of saving water by 30% and saving fertilizer by 20% are achieved, the fertility condition of soil is effectively improved through periodic mechanical deep tillage and deep application of organic fertilizer in autumn, the problem of soil hardening caused by long-term planting is solved, and sustainable development of the day lily industry is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, specifically a simplified and efficient method for cultivating daylilies. Background Technology

[0002] Daylily is an important specialty economic crop in my country, occupying a pivotal position in the agricultural economy due to its unique flavor and rich nutritional value. As a traditional economic crop, daylily is not only widely used in food processing and the catering industry, but also plays a key role in increasing farmers' income and revitalizing rural areas in many regions.

[0003] Traditional daylily cultivation methods generally suffer from the following problems:

[0004] 1. High labor intensity and reliance on manual labor: From ditching, fertilizing, weeding to harvesting, each step requires a large amount of manpower, resulting in high production costs and low efficiency.

[0005] 2. Inefficient water and fertilizer management: Traditional methods of flood irrigation and topdressing result in low water and fertilizer utilization, which not only wastes resources but also easily leads to soil compaction and environmental pollution.

[0006] 3. Cumbersome field management: The operations such as weeding, deep plowing, and topdressing are scattered and have a low degree of mechanization, making it difficult to form a standardized and large-scale production system.

[0007] 4. Limited yield and quality improvement: Traditional single-row planting has a low planting density in the early stage, making it difficult to achieve yield. After three years of growth, the row spacing is too narrow, which is not conducive to ventilation and light penetration, affecting the yield. At the same time, there are also problems such as poor soil management, which limit the root development and tillering ability of daylilies, thus affecting the further improvement of their yield and quality. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a simplified and efficient cultivation method for daylilies that increases ventilation and light penetration between plant rows by using a reasonable double-row planting method with full mechanization. This method greatly reduces manual labor, lowers labor intensity and production costs, and improves operational efficiency. It solves the problems of low planting density in the early stages of traditional methods, which makes it difficult to achieve yields. After three years of growth, the row spacing becomes too narrow, which is not conducive to ventilation and light penetration and affects yields. At the same time, mechanization is difficult to achieve, and the labor intensity is high, relying on manual labor: from ditching, fertilization, weeding to harvesting, each link requires a lot of manpower, resulting in high production costs and low efficiency.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0010] This invention relates to a simplified and efficient method for cultivating daylilies, comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1. Double-row planting in one furrow: Use a simplified furrowing and fertilizing machine to dig planting furrows 30cm wide and 25cm deep; evenly apply well-rotted organic fertilizer to the bottom of the furrow; then cover with soil for the first time; place daylily seedlings in a triangular pattern, close to both sides of the furrow wall; cover with soil a second time and tamp it down to fix the seedlings; the center-to-center spacing of the planting furrows is 150cm, and the width of the middle area between two adjacent furrows is 120cm, forming a narrow-row and wide-row planting pattern;

[0012] S2. Water and fertilizer integration pipeline laying: Before the daylily bolts, the water and fertilizer integration system is laid.

[0013] S3. Mechanized inter-row cultivation and weeding: First stage: Use a chain-plate rotary tiller to till the wide-row soil, with a tilling depth of 5-8cm and a tilling width of 90-100cm. This is done 2-3 times per growing season to achieve the purpose of weeding, loosening the soil, and conserving moisture. Second stage: Due to pipeline interference, a small hand-held weeder is used for weeding between rows, with a single weeding width of 45cm.

[0014] S4. Mechanized topdressing of base fertilizer: Every spring, when the new stems and leaves of daylilies grow to 25-30cm, use a simplified topdressing machine to apply fertilizer in furrows; apply high-phosphorus compound fertilizer next to the rows of vegetables, with the fertilizer furrow 10-15cm away from the plants to avoid damaging the roots, and the amount of fertilizer applied per acre is 50-80 jin.

[0015] S5. Cut off old leaves: During the White Dew season, cut off the old leaves of the daylily above ground. When cutting off the leaves, retain the old stems with a height of 5-8cm to protect the growth point of the seedlings, promote the germination of lateral buds, and increase the number of tillers.

[0016] S6. Mechanized deep tillage of soil between rows: While or after cutting old leaves, use a simplified deep tillage machine to deeply till the soil in the wide rows to a depth of 15-20cm to break up the plow pan, increase soil permeability, and promote the deep rooting of daylily.

[0017] S7. Apply organic fertilizer mechanically. From the end of October to the beginning of November each year, use an integrated machine for trenching, fertilizing and backfilling organic fertilizer to open trenches in the center of the wide rows. Apply well-rotted organic fertilizer deep into the trenches to a depth of 20-25cm, and then backfill and cover. This can effectively improve the structure of the soil in the wide rows, enrich the soil fertility, and store nutrients for the following year's growth.

[0018] Preferably, in step S1, the fertilization thickness is 1-2 cm and the soil covering thickness is 10-12 cm.

[0019] Preferably, in step S2, the integrated water and fertilizer system includes a main pipe, branch pipes and capillary microspray pipes. The main pipe is a 3-inch diameter pipe; the branch pipes are 2.5-inch diameter pipes and are connected in series with the main pipe; the capillary microspray pipes are 3-5 hole, 1-inch diameter pipes, which are laid in the middle of the planting ditch or close to the ditch edge, and the laying length of a single capillary pipe does not exceed 45m; a ball valve switch is set at the connection between the main pipe and the branch pipes to achieve zonal control, and each control unit can cover a plot of 1000-1500 square meters; an injection type fertilizer applicator is installed between the main pipeline and the water source for precise application of soluble fertilizers.

[0020] Preferably, in step S3, 2-3 times of green prevention and control of diseases and pests are carried out in a growing season, adopting a combination of physical control and biological control; in terms of physical control, yellow sticky traps are hung in the daylily planting area, 20-30 traps are hung per mu, and pests such as aphids are trapped and killed by using the yellow color preference of pests; in terms of biological control, natural enemy insects such as Trichogramma are released, 10,000-20,000 are released per mu, to control the number of Lepidoptera pests.

[0021] Preferably, in step S5, the fallen leaves in the field are cleared in time after leaf cutting. At the same time, the daylilies after leaf cutting are checked once, and diseases and pests are controlled in time to ensure the healthy growth of the plants. If there is a drought, irrigation should be carried out within 3 days after leaf cutting to keep the soil moisture at 60%-70% and promote the germination of new buds.

[0022] Preferably, in step S7, the fertilization amount per mu is 1000-1500 kg to ensure sufficient soil nutrients.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. High degree of light simplification and high efficiency: Through the reasonable close planting of "one ditch with two rows" and the whole-process mechanized operation (ditching, fertilizing, intertilling, deep plowing), the manual input is greatly reduced, the labor intensity and production cost are reduced, the operation efficiency is improved, and it is suitable for large-scale planting.

[0025] 2. High-efficient utilization of water and fertilizer: Integrating the integrated water and fertilizer technology, precise irrigation and fertilization during the key harvesting period of daylilies are realized, the water and fertilizer utilization rate is significantly improved, achieving the effect of saving water by 30%-40% and saving fertilizer by 20%-30%, and at the same time improving the fertilizer utilization rate.

[0026] 3. Promote the healthy growth of plants: The "pin" shape layout ensures the single-plant nutrient area and ventilation and light transmission; topdressing high-phosphorus fertilizer in spring promotes flower formation and protects flower buds; cutting old leaves and retaining old stumps combined with deep plowing between rows effectively stimulate tillering and optimize the root environment, laying a foundation for high and stable yields.

[0027] 4. Improve soil quality for sustainable production: Through annual mechanized deep plowing and autumn deep application of organic fertilizers, the physical structure and fertility of the soil have been effectively improved, solving the problem of soil compaction caused by long-term planting, achieving the combination of land use and land conservation, and ensuring the sustainable development of the daylily industry. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described examples are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] A method for simplified and efficient cultivation of daylilies disclosed in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0031] S1. Plant in two rows in one trench. Use a simplified trenching and fertilizing machine to dig a planting trench with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 25 cm; evenly apply the well-rotted organic fertilizer to the bottom of the trench; then carry out the first soil covering; place the daylily seedlings in a "pin" shape layout, closely against both sides of the trench wall; carry out the second soil covering and tamp it to fix the seedlings; the center distance between the planting trenches is 150 cm, and the width of the middle area between adjacent two trenches is 120 cm, forming a "narrow row + wide row" planting pattern;

[0032] S2. Lay the water and fertilizer integrated pipeline. Before the daylily shoots emerge, lay the water and fertilizer integrated system;

[0033] S3. Mechanized intertillage and weeding. The first stage (before laying the water and fertilizer integrated pipeline, before the Lesser Fullness solar term every year): Use a chain plate rotary tiller to till the soil in the wide row (the 120 cm row space), with a tillage depth of 5 cm and a tillage width of 90 cm, and carry out 2 times in one growing season to achieve the purposes of weeding, loosening the soil, and preserving soil moisture; The second stage (after laying the water and fertilizer integrated pipeline, from after the Lesser Fullness to before the White Dew): Due to the influence of the pipeline, switch to a small hand-held weeding machine for inter-row weeding, with a single weeding width of 45 cm;

[0034] S4. Mechanized topdressing of basal fertilizer. Every spring, when the new stems and leaves of the daylily grow to 25, use a simplified topdressing machine for trench application; apply high-phosphorus compound fertilizer beside the vegetable row, with the fertilization trench 10 cm away from the vegetable plants to avoid damaging the roots, and the fertilization amount per mu is 50 catties;

[0035] S5. Cut old leaves. At the White Dew season, cut off the old leaves of the above-ground part of daylily. When cutting the leaves, leave old stumps with a height of 5 - 8 cm to protect the growth points of the seedlings, promote the germination of lateral buds, and increase the number of tillers.

[0036] S6. Mechanically deep-plow the soil between rows. At the same time as or after cutting the old leaves, use a lightweight and simplified deep-plowing machine to deep-plow the soil in the wide row (120 cm between rows) to a depth of 15 cm, so as to break the plow pan, increase soil air permeability, and promote the deep rooting of daylily roots downward.

[0037] S7. Mechanically apply organic fertilizer. At the end of October to the beginning of November every year, use an organic fertilizer ditch-fertilizing and backfilling integrated machine to dig a ditch at the midline position of the wide row (120 cm between rows); deeply apply the well-rotted organic fertilizer into the ditch to a depth of 20 cm, and then backfill and cover it. This measure can effectively improve the structure of the wide-row soil, improve soil fertility, and reserve nutrients for the growth in the coming year.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] A method for lightweight and efficient cultivation of daylily, specifically including the following steps:

[0040] S1. Plant in two rows in one ditch. Use a lightweight and simplified ditch-fertilizing and planting integrated machine to dig a planting ditch with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 25 cm; evenly apply the well-rotted organic fertilizer to the bottom of the ditch; then conduct the first soil covering; place the daylily seedlings in a "pin" shape layout, closely against both sides of the ditch wall; conduct the second soil covering and tamp it to fix the seedlings. The center distance between the planting ditches is 150 cm, and the width of the middle area between two adjacent ditches is 120 cm, forming a "narrow row + wide row" planting pattern.

[0041] S2. Lay the water and fertilizer integration pipeline. Before the daylily sends out flower stalks, lay the water and fertilizer integration system.

[0042] S3. Mechanically cultivate and weed. The first stage (before laying the water and fertilizer integration pipeline, before the Lesser Fullness solar term every year): Use a chain plate rotary tiller to rotary till the soil in the wide row (120 cm between rows) to a depth of 6 cm and a width of 95 cm, and conduct it 2 times in one growing season to achieve the purposes of weeding, loosening the soil, and preserving soil moisture. The second stage (after laying the water and fertilizer integration pipeline, from after the Lesser Fullness to before the White Dew): Due to the influence of the pipeline, switch to a small hand-held weeding machine to weed between rows, and the single weeding width is 45 cm.

[0043] S4. Mechanically top-dress the base fertilizer. Every spring, when the new stems and leaves of the daylily grow to 28, use a lightweight and simplified top-dressing machine to apply fertilizer in ditches; apply high-phosphorus compound fertilizer beside the vegetable rows, and the fertilization ditch is 12 cm away from the vegetable plants to avoid damaging the roots, and the fertilization amount per mu is 65 catties.

[0044] S5. Cut old leaves. At the time of White Dew, cut off the old leaves of the above-ground part of daylily; when cutting the leaves, leave a 6-cm-high old stump to protect the growth point of the seedlings, promote the germination of lateral buds, and increase the number of tillers.

[0045] S6. Mechanically deep-plow the soil between rows. At the same time as or after cutting the old leaves, use a lightweight deep-plowing machine to deep-plow the soil in the wide row (120 cm between rows) to a depth of 18 cm to break the plow sole, increase soil air permeability, and promote the deep rooting of daylily roots downward.

[0046] S7. Mechanically apply organic fertilizer. At the end of October to the beginning of November every year, use an organic fertilizer ditch-fertilizing and backfilling machine to dig a ditch at the midline position of the wide row (120 cm between rows); deeply apply the well-rotted organic fertilizer into the ditch to a depth of 22 cm, and then backfill and cover it; this measure can effectively improve the structure of the wide-row soil, improve soil fertility, and reserve nutrients for the growth in the coming year.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] A method for lightweight and efficient cultivation of daylily, specifically including the following steps:

[0049] S1. Plant in two rows in one ditch. Use a lightweight ditch-fertilizing and planting machine to dig a planting ditch with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 25 cm; evenly apply the well-rotted organic fertilizer to the bottom of the ditch; then conduct the first soil covering; place the daylily seedlings in a "pin" shape layout, close to both sides of the ditch wall; conduct the second soil covering and tamp it to fix the seedlings; the center distance between the planting ditches is 150 cm, and the width of the middle area between two adjacent ditches is 120 cm, forming a "narrow row + wide row" planting pattern.

[0050] S2. Lay the water and fertilizer integration pipeline. Before the daylily sends out flower stalks, lay the water and fertilizer integration system.

[0051] S3. Mechanically till and weed. The first stage (before laying the water and fertilizer integration pipeline, before the Lesser Fullness solar term every year): Use a chain-type rotary tiller to till the soil in the wide row (120 cm between rows) to a depth of 8 cm and a width of 100 cm, and conduct 2 - 3 times in one growing season to achieve the purposes of weeding, loosening the soil, and preserving soil moisture; the second stage (after laying the water and fertilizer integration pipeline, from after Lesser Fullness to before White Dew): Due to the influence of the pipeline, switch to a small hand-held weeding machine to weed between rows, with a single weeding width of 45 cm.

[0052] S4. Mechanically top-dress the base fertilizer. Every spring, when the new stems and leaves of the daylily grow to 30 cm, use a lightweight top-dressing machine for ditch application; apply high-phosphorus compound fertilizer beside the vegetable row, with the fertilization ditch 15 cm away from the vegetable plants to avoid damaging the roots, and the fertilization amount per mu is 80 catties.

[0053] S5. Cut off old leaves: During the White Dew season, cut off the old leaves of the daylily above ground. When cutting the leaves, retain an old stump with a height of 8cm to protect the growth point of the seedling, promote the germination of lateral buds, and increase the number of tillers.

[0054] S6. Mechanized deep tillage of soil between rows: At the same time or after cutting old leaves, use a simplified deep tillage machine to deeply till the soil in wide rows (120cm between rows) to a depth of 20cm, so as to break up the plow pan, increase soil permeability, and promote the deep rooting of daylily.

[0055] S7. Apply organic fertilizer mechanically. From the end of October to the beginning of November each year, use an integrated machine for trenching, fertilizing and backfilling organic fertilizer to open trenches at the center line of the wide rows (120cm between rows); apply well-rotted organic fertilizer deep into the trenches to a depth of 25cm, and then backfill and cover; this can effectively improve the structure of the soil in the wide rows, enrich the soil fertility, and store nutrients for the following year's growth.

[0056] Example 1: Water-saving effect: 30% water saving compared to traditional flood irrigation, saving about 280 cubic meters of water per mu per year (traditional irrigation requires about 800 cubic meters of water per mu per year); Fertilizer-saving effect: 20% less fertilizer waste compared to traditional broadcasting, saving 15 jin of compound fertilizer per mu per year (traditional fertilization requires 70 jin per mu per year).

[0057] Example 2: Water-saving effect: 39% water saving compared to traditional flood irrigation, saving about 330 cubic meters of water per mu per year (traditional irrigation requires about 800 cubic meters of water per mu per year); Fertilizer-saving effect: 28% fertilizer saving compared to traditional broadcasting, saving 22 jin of compound fertilizer per mu per year (traditional fertilization requires 70 jin per mu per year).

[0058] Example 3: Water-saving effect: 36% water saving compared to traditional flood irrigation, saving about 330 cubic meters of water per mu per year (traditional irrigation requires about 800 cubic meters of water per mu per year); Fertilizer-saving effect: 26% fertilizer saving compared to traditional broadcasting, saving 22 jin of compound fertilizer per mu per year (traditional fertilization requires 70 jin per mu per year).

[0059] The specific data from the three embodiments fully demonstrate that this technology exhibits significant effects in both water and fertilizer conservation. Regarding water conservation, Embodiment 1 saves 30% more water than traditional flood irrigation, approximately 280 cubic meters per acre per year; Embodiment 2 saves 39%, approximately 330 cubic meters per acre per year; and Embodiment 3 saves 36%, approximately 330 cubic meters per acre per year. The water-saving rates of the three embodiments range from 30% to 39%, and the annual water savings per acre range from 280 to 330 cubic meters. Furthermore, Embodiments 2 and 3 show the same annual water savings of 330 cubic meters per acre, demonstrating the stability and high efficiency of the technology's water-saving effect.

[0060] In step S1, the fertilizer application thickness is 2cm and the soil covering thickness is 12cm. It is necessary to ensure that the fertilizer is evenly spread in the planting area, and then use the soil covering equipment to level and cover the soil. The fertilizer application thickness is controlled at 2cm. This thickness can ensure that the fertilizer is fully dissolved and absorbed by the root system, and avoid root burn caused by excessive fertilizer concentration. The soil covering thickness needs to reach 12cm. This thickness can effectively fix the fertilizer to prevent loss, provide a stable growth environment for the daylily roots, and reduce surface water evaporation to maintain soil moisture balance.

[0061] Regarding fertilizer-saving effects, Example 1 reduced fertilizer waste by 20% compared to traditional broadcasting, saving 15 catties of compound fertilizer per mu per year; Example 2 saved 28%, saving 22 catties of compound fertilizer per mu per year; and Example 3 saved 26%, saving 22 catties of compound fertilizer per mu per year. The fertilizer-saving rate ranged from 20% to 28%, and the amount of compound fertilizer saved per mu per year ranged from 15 to 22 catties. Examples 2 and 3 showed the same amount of compound fertilizer saved per mu per year, 22 catties, demonstrating the consistent and effective fertilizer-saving properties of this technology. In summary, the data from the three examples corroborate each other, strongly proving that this technology can effectively reduce water and fertilizer consumption in agricultural production and has significant practical application value.

[0062] In step S2, the integrated water and fertilizer system includes a main pipe, branch pipes, and capillary micro-sprinklers. The main pipe is a 3-inch diameter pipe; the branch pipes are 2.5-inch diameter pipes connected in series with the main pipe; the capillary micro-sprinklers are 3-hole, 1-inch diameter pipes, laid in the middle of the planting ditch or close to the edge of the ditch, with a single capillary pipe laying length not exceeding 45m; ball valve switches are installed at the connection between the main pipe and the branch pipes to achieve zoned control, with each control unit covering a 1000-square-meter plot; an injection-type fertilizer applicator is installed between the main pipe and the water source (reservoir) for precise application of soluble fertilizer.

[0063] This integrated water and fertilizer system achieves uniform water and fertilizer supply and zoned management through precise pipeline layout and intelligent control devices. The main pipeline uses a 3-inch diameter design to ensure the stability of water supply; branch pipes are connected in series with a 2.5-inch diameter to form a two-level distribution network; capillary micro-sprinklers use a 3-hole structure to achieve uniform spraying, with the coverage area of ​​a single pipe controlled within 45 meters to avoid water pressure attenuation due to excessive length. The zone control unit is independently opened and closed through ball valve switches, with each unit covering an area of ​​1000 square meters, and can flexibly adjust the water supply and fertilizer concentration according to the needs of daylilies at different growth stages. The injection fertilizer applicator is installed between the main pipeline and the water storage tank, injecting soluble fertilizer into the water flow in proportion using the negative pressure suction principle, which not only ensures fertilization accuracy but also avoids the problem of fertilizer sedimentation clogging the pipes. When the system is running, the water flows through the main pipe and branch pipes and then enters the capillary micro-sprinklers, finally penetrating evenly around the crop roots in a micro-sprinkler form, forming a three-dimensional water and fertilizer supply network.

[0064] In step S3, two green pest control measures are implemented during a growing season, combining physical and biological control methods. For physical control, yellow insect-attracting boards are hung in the daylily planting area, with 20 boards per acre, using the attraction of yellow to kill pests such as aphids. For biological control, natural enemy insects such as Trichogramma wasps are released, with 10,000 wasps released per acre to control the number of lepidopteran pests.

[0065] By implementing green pest and disease control measures twice during a growing season, the risk of pest and disease occurrence during daylily cultivation can be significantly reduced, the amount of chemical pesticides used can be reduced, thereby ensuring the quality and safety of daylily products and improving their food safety.

[0066] In terms of physical control, hanging 20 yellow insect-attracting boards per acre in the daylily planting area can effectively utilize the attraction of aphids and other pests to yellow to trap and kill them in a concentrated manner, greatly reducing the population of such pests, reducing the direct feeding damage of pests to daylily plants and the indirect risk of spreading viral diseases, thereby reducing yield losses caused by pests.

[0067] In terms of biological control, releasing 10,000 Trichogramma wasps and other natural enemy insects per acre can specifically control the number of lepidopteran pests. Trichogramma wasps can lay their eggs inside the eggs of lepidopteran pests, disrupting the development of the eggs through parasitism and inhibiting the reproduction of pests at the source. This method is not only environmentally friendly, avoiding pesticide residues and environmental pollution, but also maintains the ecological balance in the field, controlling pest populations stably in the long term, ensuring the healthy growth of daylily plants, and laying a good foundation for improving the yield and quality of daylilies.

[0068] In step S5, after cutting the leaves, promptly clean up the fallen leaves in the field. At the same time, check the daylilies after cutting the leaves and take timely measures to prevent and control any diseases or pests to ensure healthy plant growth. If there is a drought, irrigation should be carried out within 3 days after cutting the leaves to keep the soil moisture at 60% and promote the germination of new buds.

[0069] During irrigation, attention must be paid to the quality of the irrigation water. Clean, unpolluted water sources should be used to avoid adverse effects on the daylily plants due to water quality issues. Irrigation methods such as drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation can be used, which can ensure an even supply of water while conserving water resources. In addition, when inspecting the plants, if any plants are found to be growing poorly or developing slowly, they should be marked and treated individually. Appropriate fertilizers or other targeted maintenance measures can be taken to promote their recovery and normal growth.

[0070] In step S7, the amount of fertilizer applied per acre is 1000 kg to ensure sufficient soil nutrients.

[0071] When fertilizing, choose well-rotted organic fertilizer as the main component, supplemented with an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer to meet the various nutrient requirements of daylilies during their growth. Fertilizer can be applied in furrows or holes, spreading it evenly into the soil before covering it with soil to avoid direct contact between the fertilizer and the plant roots, which could cause root burn. After fertilization, irrigate appropriately according to soil moisture to promote fertilizer dissolution and plant absorption.

[0072] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some of the technical features, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for light and simple efficient cultivation of day lily, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: S1, double-row planting, using a light and simplified ditching and fertilizing integrated machine to open a planting ditch with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 25 cm; evenly applying mature organic fertilizer into the ditch bottom; then carrying out the first soil covering; placing the day lily seedlings in a triangular shape close to the ditch wall; carrying out the second soil covering and tamping to fix the seedlings; the center distance of the planting ditch is 150 cm, and the width of the middle zone between the adjacent two ditches is 120 cm, forming a narrow row and wide row planting mode; S2, water and fertilizer integrated pipeline laying, laying a water and fertilizer integrated system before the day lily moss emerges; S3, mechanized intertillage and weeding, the first stage: using a chain plate rotary cultivator to rotary till the soil in the wide row, the rotary tillage depth is 5-8 cm, the rotary tillage width is 90-100 cm, and 2-3 times are carried out in a growing season to achieve the purposes of weeding, soil loosening and soil conservation; the second stage: due to the influence of the pipeline, a small hand-held weeding machine is used for inter-row weeding, and the single weeding width is 45 cm; S4, mechanized application of base fertilizer, in the spring every year, when the new stems and leaves of the day lily grow to 25-30 cm, a light and simplified topdressing machine is used for ditching; high phosphorus compound fertilizer is applied beside the vegetable row, the fertilizer ditch is 10-15 cm away from the plant to avoid root damage, and the fertilizer amount per mu is 50-80 kg; S5, cutting old leaves, cutting off the old leaves of the day lily at the time of white dew; the old stubble with a height of 5-8 cm is reserved to protect the growth point of the seedling, promote the germination of lateral buds, and increase the number of tillers; S6, mechanized deep plowing of inter-row soil; at the same time or after cutting old leaves, a light and simplified deep plowing machine is used to deep plow the soil in the wide row, and the deep plowing depth is 15-20 cm to break the plow pan, increase the soil permeability, and promote the deep growth of the day lily root system; S7, mechanized application of organic fertilizer, at the end of October to early November every year, an organic fertilizer ditching, fertilizing and backfilling integrated machine is used to open a ditch at the center line position of the wide row; mature organic fertilizer is deeply applied into the ditch with a depth of 20-25 cm, and then backfilling and covering are carried out; this can effectively induce the root system to grow in the middle, which is beneficial to the development of the root system and the improvement of the structure of the wide row soil, and reserves nutrients for the growth next year.

2. The method for simplified and efficient cultivation of day lily according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the fertilizer thickness is 1-2 cm, and the soil covering thickness is 10-12 cm.

3. The method for simplified and efficient cultivation of day lily according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the water and fertilizer integrated system comprises a main pipe, branch pipes and capillary micro-spraying pipes, the main pipe adopts a pipe with a diameter of 3 inches; the branch pipes adopt pipes with a diameter of 2.5 inches and are connected in series with the main pipe; the capillary micro-spraying pipes adopt pipes with 3-5 holes and a diameter of 1 inch, which are laid in the middle of the planting ditch or close to the ditch edge, and the length of a single capillary pipe is not more than 45 m; a ball valve switch is arranged at the connection position of the main pipe and the branch pipe to realize zoned control, and each control unit can cover 1000-1500 square meters of land; an injection type fertilizer applicator is installed between the main pipe and the water source for precision application of soluble fertilizer.

4. The method for simplified and efficient cultivation of day lily according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, 2-3 times of green prevention and control of diseases and pests are carried out in one growth season, and a combination of physical control and biological control is adopted; in terms of physical control, yellow insect-trapping plates are hung in the day lily planting area, 20-30 plates per mu, to trap and kill aphids and other pests by utilizing the yellow attraction of the pests; blue insect-trapping plates are hung in the day lily planting area, 20-30 plates per mu, to trap and kill thrips and other pests by utilizing the blue attraction of the pests; in terms of biological control, trichogramma and other natural enemy insects are released, 10-20 thousand per mu, to control the number of lepidopteran pests; small flower spring natural enemy insects are released, 5 thousand per mu, to control the number of thrips.

5. The method for simplified and efficient cultivation of day lily according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the fallen leaves in the field are cleaned up in time after cutting, and at the same time, the day lily after cutting is checked once to find diseases and pests for timely control, so as to ensure the healthy growth of the plants; if drought weather occurs, irrigation should be carried out within 3 days after cutting to keep the soil moisture degree at 60%-70% and promote the germination of new shoots.

6. The method for simplified and efficient cultivation of day lily according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, the fertilization amount per mu is 1000-1500 kg to ensure sufficient soil nutrients.